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class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E9%99%84%E5%99%A8" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E9%99%84%E5%99%A8" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E9%99%84%E5%99%A8" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E9%99%84%E5%99%A8" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E9%99%84%E5%99%A8" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a 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href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E9%99%84%E5%99%A8" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E9%99%84%E5%99%A8" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%84%E5%99%A8&oldid=45789150" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%84%E5%99%A8&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E9%99%84%E5%99%A8&id=45789150&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E9%2599%2584%25E5%2599%25A8"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E9%2599%2584%25E5%2599%25A8"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a 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id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732972">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 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.ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Link_style plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-link-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ambox_wikify.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ambox_wikify.svg/40px-Ambox_wikify.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ambox_wikify.svg/60px-Ambox_wikify.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ambox_wikify.svg/80px-Ambox_wikify.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>部分链接不符合<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:LINKS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:LINKS">格式手冊</a>規範</b>。<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:MOSIW" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:MOSIW">跨語言链接</a>及章節標題等處的链接可能需要清理。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2015年12月12日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>請協助<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%84%E5%99%A8&action=edit">改善</a>此條目。參見<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:格式手册/链接">WP:LINKSTYLE</a>、<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5#跨语言链接" title="Wikipedia:格式手册/链接">WP:MOSIW</a>以了解細節。<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%84%E5%99%A8&withCSS=MediaWiki:Extiw.css&withJS=MediaWiki:Extiw.js&oldid=-">突出显示跨语言链接</a>可以便于检查。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>附器</b>是指從軀體突出的部份，或任何<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="生物">生物</a>的身體部份的自然伸延部份，如<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E6%A4%8E%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="脊椎動物">脊椎動物</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E8%82%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="四肢">四肢</a>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E8%84%8A%E6%A4%8E%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="無脊椎動物">無脊椎動物</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="生物學">生物學</a>的範疇中，<b>附器</b>是一個一般詞彙，意指從任何<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%94%E7%AF%80" title="體節">體節</a>伸延出來的<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E6%BA%90" title="同源">同源</a>身體部份。 </p><p>這些部份包括<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%B8%E8%A7%92" title="觸角">觸角</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A3%E5%99%A8" title="口器">口器</a>－包括<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E9%A1%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="上顎">上顎</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E9%A1%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="下顎">下顎</a>and <a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%8E%E8%B6%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="顎足">顎足</a>），<a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%85%E8%86%80" title="翅膀">翅膀</a>， <a href="/wiki/%E9%9E%98%E7%BF%85" class="mw-redirect" title="鞘翅">鞘翅</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E9%B0%93" class="mw-redirect" title="鰓">鰓</a>，甲殼類的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%A5%E8%B6%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="步足（页面不存在）">步足</a> （<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/pereiopod" class="extiw" title="en:pereiopod">pereiopods</a>）, 游泳足（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%85%B9%E8%82%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="腹肢（页面不存在）">腹肢</a>）（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/pleopod" class="extiw" title="en:pleopod">pleopods</a>），性器官（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E6%AE%96%E8%82%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生殖肢（页面不存在）">生殖肢</a>）（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/gonopod" class="extiw" title="en:gonopod">gonopods</a>）及部份尾部（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%BE%E8%B6%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="尾足（页面不存在）">尾足</a>）（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/uropod" class="extiw" title="en:uropod">uropods</a>）；通常每個體節都有一對附器。 </p><p>附器的類型可以分為每個附器只有一連串肢節的<i>單肢型</i>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/uniramous" class="extiw" title="en:uniramous">uniramous</a>），如<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%86%E8%9F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="昆蟲">昆蟲</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%88%E8%9A%A3" title="蜈蚣">蜈蚣</a>；每個附器分成兩條的<i>雙肢型</i>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/biramous" class="extiw" title="en:biramous">biramous</a>），許多<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E6%AE%BC%E9%A1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="甲殼類">甲殼類</a>均屬此種；也有附器分成三條的<i>三肢型</i>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/triramous" class="extiw" title="en:triramous">triramous</a>）。 </p><p>所有節肢類動物的附體都是從同一基本結構演化而來（<i>同源</i>），而製造和控制結構的是「<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8C%E6%BA%90%E7%9B%92%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="同源盒基因（页面不存在）">同源盒基因</a>」（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/homeobox_genes%EF%BD%9Chomeobox_genes" class="extiw" title="en:homeobox genes｜homeobox genes">en:homeobox genes｜homeobox genes</a>）。科學家改變這些基因，從而製造出附器有變異（如在頭上長觸角處長出腿）的動物（主要為<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E8%85%B9%E6%9E%9C%E8%A0%85" class="mw-redirect" title="黑腹果蠅">黑腹果蠅</a>）。 </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" 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