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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>1 Chronicles 11:15 Three of the thirty chief men went down to David, to the rock at the cave of Adullam, while a company of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/1_chronicles/11-15.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/17/13_1Ch_11_15.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="1 Chronicles 11:15 - David's Mighty Men" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="Three of the thirty chief men went down to David, to the rock at the cave of Adullam, while a company of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/1_chronicles/11-15.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/1_chronicles/11-15.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/1_chronicles/">1 Chronicles</a> > <a href="/1_chronicles/11.htm">Chapter 11</a> > Verse 15</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad15.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/1_chronicles/11-14.htm" title="1 Chronicles 11:14">◄</a> 1 Chronicles 11:15 <a href="/1_chronicles/11-16.htm" title="1 Chronicles 11:16">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Heb </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv">Verse<a href="/bsb/1_chronicles/11.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><a href="/niv/1_chronicles/11.htm">New International Version</a> Three of the thirty chiefs came down to David to the rock at the cave of Adullam, while a band of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim. <a href="/nlt/1_chronicles/11.htm">New Living Translation</a> Once when David was at the rock near the cave of Adullam, the Philistine army was camped in the valley of Rephaim. The Three (who were among the Thirty—an elite group among David’s fighting men) went down to meet him there. <a href="/esv/1_chronicles/11.htm">English Standard Version</a> Three of the thirty chief men went down to the rock to David at the cave of Adullam, when the army of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim. <a href="/bsb/1_chronicles/11.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> Three of the thirty chief men went down to David, to the rock at the cave of Adullam, while a company of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim. <a href="/kjv/1_chronicles/11.htm">King James Bible</a> Now three of the thirty captains went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam; and the host of the Philistines encamped in the valley of Rephaim. <a href="/nkjv/1_chronicles/11.htm">New King James Version</a> Now three of the thirty chief men went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam; and the army of the Philistines encamped in the Valley of Rephaim. <a href="/nasb_/1_chronicles/11.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> Now three of the thirty chief men went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam, while the army of the Philistines was camping in the Valley of Rephaim. <a href="/nasb/1_chronicles/11.htm">NASB 1995</a> Now three of the thirty chief men went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam, while the army of the Philistines was camping in the valley of Rephaim. <a href="/nasb77/1_chronicles/11.htm">NASB 1977 </a> Now three of the thirty chief men went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam, while the army of the Philistines was camping in the valley of Rephaim. <a href="/lsb/1_chronicles/11.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> Then three of the thirty chief men went down to the rock to David, to the cave of Adullam, while the camp of the Philistines was camping in the valley of Rephaim. <a href="/amp/1_chronicles/11.htm">Amplified Bible</a> Three of the thirty chief men went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam, while the army of the Philistines was camped in the Valley of Rephaim. <a href="/csb/1_chronicles/11.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> Three of the thirty chief men went down to David, to the rock at the cave of Adullam, while the Philistine army was encamped in Rephaim Valley. <a href="/hcsb/1_chronicles/11.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> Three of the 30 chief men went down to David, to the rock at the cave of Adullam, while the Philistine army was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim. <a href="/asv/1_chronicles/11.htm">American Standard Version</a> And three of the thirty chief men went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam; and the host of the Philistines were encamped in the valley of Rephaim. <a href="/cev/1_chronicles/11.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> One time the Three Warriors went to meet David among the rocks at Adullam Cave. The Philistine army had set up camp in Rephaim Valley <a href="/erv/1_chronicles/11.htm">English Revised Version</a> And three of the thirty chief went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam; and the host of the Philistines were encamped in the valley of Rephaim. <a href="/gwt/1_chronicles/11.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> Once three of the thirty leading men went down to David's rock at the cave of Adullam when the army of the Philistines was camping in the valley of Rephaim. <a href="/gnt/1_chronicles/11.htm">Good News Translation</a> One day three of the thirty leading soldiers went to a rock where David was staying near Adullam Cave, while a band of Philistines was camping in Rephaim Valley. <a href="/isv/1_chronicles/11.htm">International Standard Version</a> Later, the Three Warriors went down to David's hideout at the cave of Adullam when the Philistine army was camping in the valley of giants. <a href="/msb/1_chronicles/11.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> Three of the thirty chief men went down to David, to the rock at the cave of Adullam, while a company of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim. <a href="/net/1_chronicles/11.htm">NET Bible</a> Three of the thirty leaders went down to David at the rocky cliff at the cave of Adullam, while a Philistine force was camped in the Valley of Rephaim. <a href="/nheb/1_chronicles/11.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> And three of the Thirty chief men went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam; and the army of the Philistines were camped in the Valley of Rephaim. <a href="/wbt/1_chronicles/11.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> Now three of the thirty captains went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam; and the host of the Philistines encamped in the valley of Rephaim. <a href="/web/1_chronicles/11.htm">World English Bible</a> Three of the thirty chief men went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam; and the army of the Philistines were encamped in the valley of Rephaim. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/1_chronicles/11.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> And three of the thirty heads go down on the rock to David, to the cave of Adullam, and the host of the Philistines is encamping in the Valley of Rephaim, <a href="/ylt/1_chronicles/11.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> And three of the thirty heads go down on the rock unto David, unto the cave of Adullam, and the host of the Philistines is encamping in the valley of Rephaim, <a href="/slt/1_chronicles/11.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> And the three from the thirty heads will go down upon the rock to David to the cave of Adullam; and the camp of the rovers encamped in the valley of Rephaim.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/1_chronicles/11.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> And three of the thirty captains went down to the rock, wherein David was, to the cave of Odollam, when the Philistines encamped in the valley of Raphaim. <a href="/cpdv/1_chronicles/11.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> Then three from the thirty leaders descended to the rock where David was, to the cave of Adullam, when the Philistines had made camp in the Valley of the Rephaim. <a href="/nabre/1_chronicles/11.htm">New American Bible</a> Three of the Thirty chiefs went down to the rock, to David, who was in the cave of Adullam while the Philistines were encamped in the valley of Rephaim. <a href="/nrsvce/1_chronicles/11.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> Three of the thirty chiefs went down to the rock to David at the cave of Adullam, while the army of Philistines was encamped in the valley of Rephaim.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/1_chronicles/11.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> Now three of the thirty chieftains went down to David, into the cave of Arlam; and the host of the Philistines was encamped in the valley of Gabarey. <a href="/hpbt/1_chronicles/11.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> And three of the men went down to David to the cave of Arlam, and the camp of the Philistines were camping in the Valley of the Giants.<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/1_chronicles/11.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> And three of the thirty chiefs went down to the rock to David, unto the cave of Adullam; and the host of the Philistines were encamped in the valley of Rephaim. <a href="/sep/1_chronicles/11.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> And three of the thirty chiefs went down to the rock to David, to the cave of Odollam, and the camp of the Philistines was in the giants' valley. <a href="/parallel/1_chronicles/11-15.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/wtNNY-qpWWI?start=3407" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/1_chronicles/11.htm">David's Mighty Men</a> …14But Eleazar and David stationed themselves in the middle of the field and defended it. They struck down the Philistines, and the LORD brought about a great victory. 15<a href="/hebrew/7969.htm" title="7969: šə·lō·wō·šāh (Number-ms) -- A three, triad. Or shalosh; masculine shlowshah; or shloshah; a primitive number; three; occasionally third, or Thrice.">Three</a> <a href="/hebrew/4480.htm" title="4480: min- (Prep) -- From. Or minniy; or minney; for men; properly, a part of; hence, from or out of in many senses.">of</a> <a href="/hebrew/7970.htm" title="7970: haš·šə·lō·wō·šîm (Art:: Number-cp) -- Thirty. Or shloshiym; multiple of shalowsh; thirty; or thirtieth.">the thirty</a> <a href="/hebrew/7218.htm" title="7218: rōš (N-ms) -- Head. From an unused root apparently meaning to shake; the head, whether literal or figurative.">chief men</a> <a href="/hebrew/3381.htm" title="3381: way·yê·rə·ḏū (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp) -- To come or go down, descend. ">went down</a> <a href="/hebrew/413.htm" title="413: ’el- (Prep) -- To, into, towards. ">to</a> <a href="/hebrew/1732.htm" title="1732: dā·wîḏ (N-proper-ms) -- Perhaps beloved one, a son of Jesse. Rarely; Daviyd; from the same as dowd; loving; David, the youngest son of Jesse.">David,</a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: ‘al- (Prep) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications.">to</a> <a href="/hebrew/6697.htm" title="6697: haṣ·ṣur (Art:: N-ms) -- Rock, cliff. Or tsur; from tsuwr; properly, a cliff; generally, a rock or boulder; figuratively, a refuge; also an edge.">the rock</a> <a href="/hebrew/413.htm" title="413: ’el- (Prep) -- To, into, towards. ">at</a> <a href="/hebrew/4631.htm" title="4631: mə·‘ā·raṯ (N-fsc) -- A cave. From uwr; a cavern.">the cave</a> <a href="/hebrew/5725.htm" title="5725: ‘ă·ḏul·lām (N-proper-fs) -- A Canaanite city. Probably from the passive participle of the same as Adlay; Adullam, a place in Palestine.">of Adullam,</a> <a href="/hebrew/4264.htm" title="4264: ū·ma·ḥă·nêh (Conj-w:: N-csc) -- An encampment, camp. From chanah; an encampment; hence, an army, whether literal or figurative.">while a company</a> <a href="/hebrew/6430.htm" title="6430: p̄ə·liš·tîm (N-proper-mp) -- Inhab. of Philistia. Patrial from Plesheth; a Pelishtite or inhabitant of Pelesheth.">of Philistines</a> <a href="/hebrew/2583.htm" title="2583: ḥō·nāh (V-Qal-Prtcpl-fs) -- A primitive root; properly, to incline; by implication, to decline; specifically, to pitch a tent; gen. To encamp.">was encamped</a> <a href="/hebrew/6010.htm" title="6010: bə·‘ê·meq (Prep-b:: N-msc) -- A vale. From amaq; a vale.">in the Valley</a> <a href="/hebrew/7497.htm" title="7497: rə·p̄ā·’îm (N-proper-mp) -- Inhab. of an area E. of the Jordan. Or raphah; from rapha' in the sense of invigorating; a giant.">of Rephaim.</a> 16At that time David was in the stronghold, and the garrison of the Philistines was at Bethlehem.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/2_samuel/23-13.htm">2 Samuel 23:13-17</a> At harvest time, three of the thirty chief men went down to David at the cave of Adullam, while a company of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim. / At that time David was in the stronghold, and the garrison of the Philistines was at Bethlehem. / David longed for water and said, “Oh, that someone would get me a drink of water from the well near the gate of Bethlehem!” ... <a href="/1_chronicles/12-8.htm">1 Chronicles 12:8-15</a> Some Gadites defected to David at his stronghold in the wilderness. They were mighty men of valor, trained for battle, experts with the shield and spear, whose faces were like the faces of lions and who were as swift as gazelles on the mountains: / Ezer the chief, Obadiah the second in command, Eliab the third, / Mishmannah the fourth, Jeremiah the fifth, ... <a href="/1_chronicles/14-8.htm">1 Chronicles 14:8-17</a> When the Philistines heard that David had been anointed king over all Israel, they all went in search of him; but David learned of this and went out to face them. / Now the Philistines had come and raided the Valley of Rephaim. / So David inquired of God, “Should I go up against the Philistines? Will You deliver them into my hand?” “Go,” replied the LORD, “for I will deliver them into your hand.” ... <a href="/1_samuel/22-1.htm">1 Samuel 22:1-2</a> So David left Gath and took refuge in the cave of Adullam. When his brothers and the rest of his father’s household heard about it, they went down to him there. / And all who were distressed or indebted or discontented rallied around him, and he became their leader. About four hundred men were with him. <a href="/1_samuel/23-13.htm">1 Samuel 23:13-14</a> Then David and his men, about six hundred strong, set out and departed from Keilah, moving from place to place. When Saul was told that David had escaped from Keilah, he declined to go forth. / And David stayed in the wilderness strongholds and in the hill country of the Wilderness of Ziph. Day after day Saul searched for him, but God would not deliver David into his hand. <a href="/2_samuel/5-17.htm">2 Samuel 5:17-25</a> When the Philistines heard that David had been anointed king over Israel, they all went in search of him; but David learned of this and went down to the stronghold. / Now the Philistines had come and spread out in the Valley of Rephaim. / So David inquired of the LORD, “Should I go up against the Philistines? Will You deliver them into my hand?” “Go up,” replied the LORD, “for I will surely deliver the Philistines into your hand.” ... <a href="/1_chronicles/10-12.htm">1 Chronicles 10:12</a> all their men of valor set out and retrieved the bodies of Saul and his sons and brought them to Jabesh. And they buried their bones under the oak in Jabesh and fasted seven days. <a href="/1_chronicles/12-16.htm">1 Chronicles 12:16-18</a> Other Benjamites and some men from Judah also came to David in his stronghold. / And David went out to meet them, saying, “If you have come to me in peace to help me, my heart will be united with you; but if you have come to betray me to my enemies when my hands are free of violence, may the God of our fathers see it and judge you.” / Then the Spirit came upon Amasai, the chief of the Thirty, and he said: “We are yours, O David! We are with you, O son of Jesse! Peace, peace to you, and peace to your helpers, for your God helps you.” So David received them and made them leaders of his troops. <a href="/1_chronicles/12-22.htm">1 Chronicles 12:22</a> For at that time men came to David day after day to help him, until he had a great army, like the army of God. <a href="/1_chronicles/12-38.htm">1 Chronicles 12:38-40</a> All these men of war, arrayed for battle, came to Hebron fully determined to make David king over all Israel. And all the rest of the Israelites were of one mind to make David king. / They spent three days there eating and drinking with David, for their relatives had provided for them. / And their neighbors from as far away as Issachar, Zebulun, and Naphtali came bringing food on donkeys, camels, mules, and oxen—abundant supplies of flour, fig cakes and raisin cakes, wine and oil, oxen and sheep. Indeed, there was joy in Israel. <a href="/matthew/2-1.htm">Matthew 2:1-12</a> After Jesus was born in Bethlehem in Judea, during the time of King Herod, Magi from the east arrived in Jerusalem, / asking, “Where is the One who has been born King of the Jews? We saw His star in the east and have come to worship Him.” / When King Herod heard this, he was disturbed, and all Jerusalem with him. ... <a href="/matthew/4-1.htm">Matthew 4:1-11</a> Then Jesus was led by the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted by the devil. / After fasting forty days and forty nights, He was hungry. / The tempter came to Him and said, “If You are the Son of God, tell these stones to become bread.” ... <a href="/mark/3-13.htm">Mark 3:13-19</a> Then Jesus went up on the mountain and called for those He wanted, and they came to Him. / He appointed twelve of them, whom He designated as apostles, to accompany Him, to be sent out to preach, / and to have authority to drive out demons. ... <a href="/luke/6-12.htm">Luke 6:12-16</a> In those days Jesus went out to the mountain to pray, and He spent the night in prayer to God. / When daylight came, He called His disciples to Him and chose twelve of them, whom He also designated as apostles: / Simon, whom He named Peter, and his brother Andrew; James and John; Philip and Bartholomew; ... <a href="/john/6-66.htm">John 6:66-71</a> From that time on many of His disciples turned back and no longer walked with Him. / So Jesus asked the Twelve, “Do you want to leave too?” / Simon Peter replied, “Lord, to whom would we go? You have the words of eternal life. ...</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>Now three of the thirty captains went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam; and the host of the Philistines encamped in the valley of Rephaim.of the thirty captains.<a href="/2_samuel/23-13.htm">2 Samuel 23:13</a> And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam: and the troop of the Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim.the cave<a href="/joshua/12-15.htm">Joshua 12:15</a> The king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;<a href="/1_samuel/22-1.htm">1 Samuel 22:1</a> David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father's house heard it, they went down thither to him.<a href="/micah/1-15.htm">Micah 1:15</a> Yet will I bring an heir unto thee, O inhabitant of Mareshah: he shall come unto Adullam the glory of Israel.in the<a href="/1_chronicles/14-9.htm">1 Chronicles 14:9</a> And the Philistines came and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim.<a href="/2_samuel/5-18.htm">2 Samuel 5:18,22</a> The Philistines also came and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim… <a href="/isaiah/17-5.htm">Isaiah 17:5</a> And it shall be as when the harvestman gathereth the corn, and reapeth the ears with his arm; and it shall be as he that gathereth ears in the valley of Rephaim.Rephaim<a href="/joshua/15-8.htm">Joshua 15:8</a> And the border went up by the valley of the son of Hinnom unto the south side of the Jebusite; the same is Jerusalem: and the border went up to the top of the mountain that lieth before the valley of Hinnom westward, which is at the end of the valley of the giants northward:the giants <div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/2_samuel/23-13.htm">Adullam</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/10-7.htm">Army</a> <a href="/2_kings/19-31.htm">Band</a> <a href="/2_samuel/23-13.htm">Camping</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-11.htm">Captains</a> <a href="/1_kings/19-13.htm">Cave</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-11.htm">Chief</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-10.htm">Chiefs</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-13.htm">David</a> <a href="/2_kings/25-1.htm">Encamped</a> <a href="/2_kings/6-8.htm">Encamping</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-10.htm">Heads</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/9-19.htm">Host</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-14.htm">Philistines</a> <a href="/2_samuel/23-13.htm">Rephaim</a> <a href="/2_samuel/23-13.htm">Reph'aim</a> <a href="/1_kings/19-9.htm">Rock</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-10.htm">Strong</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-11.htm">Thirty</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-12.htm">Three</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/10-7.htm">Valley</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/2_chronicles/11-7.htm">Adullam</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-18.htm">Army</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/12-18.htm">Band</a> <a href="/exodus/14-9.htm">Camping</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/12-14.htm">Captains</a> <a href="/psalms/56-13.htm">Cave</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-20.htm">Chief</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/12-20.htm">Chiefs</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-16.htm">David</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/19-7.htm">Encamped</a> <a href="/psalms/34-7.htm">Encamping</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/12-14.htm">Heads</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-18.htm">Host</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-16.htm">Philistines</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/14-9.htm">Rephaim</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/14-9.htm">Reph'aim</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/25-12.htm">Rock</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-16.htm">Strong</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-20.htm">Thirty</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-18.htm">Three</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/12-15.htm">Valley</a><div class="vheading2">1 Chronicles 11</div>1. <a href="/1_chronicles/11-1.htm">David Becomes King over All Israel</a> 4. <a href="/1_chronicles/11-4.htm">Jerusalem</a> 10. <a href="/1_chronicles/11-10.htm">David's Mighty Men</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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The "thirty" is a term used to describe an elite group, though the exact number may vary. These men were instrumental in establishing David's kingdom and are listed in detail in <a href="/1_chronicles/11-10.htm">1 Chronicles 11:10-47</a>. Their exploits are celebrated in the context of David's rise to power, highlighting the importance of strong, loyal leadership in fulfilling God's purposes.went down to David This indicates a movement towards David, who was not yet king over all Israel but was recognized as a leader. The phrase "went down" suggests a descent, possibly from a higher elevation, and signifies a deliberate action to join David, acknowledging his God-given leadership. This act of allegiance is significant in the narrative of David's consolidation of power.to the rock at the cave of Adullam The cave of Adullam served as a refuge for David during his flight from King Saul, as recorded in <a href="/1_samuel/22.htm">1 Samuel 22:1-2</a>. It became a gathering place for those who were in distress or discontented, forming the core of David's early support. The "rock" signifies a place of strength and protection, symbolizing God's provision and safety for David and his followers. This location is approximately 13 miles southwest of Jerusalem, in the Judean hills, providing a strategic hideout.while a company of Philistines was encamped The Philistines were a constant threat to Israel during this period, often engaging in battles with Saul and later David. Their encampment indicates a military presence and a potential threat to David and his men. The Philistines' repeated incursions into Israelite territory underscore the ongoing conflict between the two peoples, which David would eventually subdue.in the Valley of Rephaim The Valley of Rephaim is located southwest of Jerusalem and was a frequent battleground between the Israelites and the Philistines. The name "Rephaim" is associated with ancient giants, adding a layer of historical and mythological significance. This valley's strategic importance is highlighted in several biblical accounts, including David's victories over the Philistines (<a href="/2_samuel/5-18.htm">2 Samuel 5:18-25</a>). The location serves as a backdrop for God's deliverance and the establishment of David's rule, foreshadowing the ultimate victory of Christ over His enemies.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/d/david.htm">David</a> The anointed king of Israel, who at this time was not yet reigning over all of Israel. He is a central figure in the account, known for his leadership and faith in God. 2. <a href="/topical/t/three_of_the_thirty_chiefs.htm">Three of the Thirty Chiefs</a> These were elite warriors among David's mighty men, known for their bravery and loyalty to David. They played a significant role in supporting David during his rise to power. 3. <a href="/topical/t/the_rock_at_the_cave_of_adullam.htm">The Rock at the Cave of Adullam</a> A strategic and symbolic location where David often sought refuge. It represents a place of safety and gathering for David and his men. 4. <a href="/topical/p/philistines.htm">Philistines</a> A perennial enemy of Israel, representing opposition and challenges that David and his men frequently faced. 5. <a href="/topical/v/valley_of_rephaim.htm">Valley of Rephaim</a> A geographical location known for its fertile land and strategic importance, often a site of conflict between Israel and the Philistines.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/l/loyalty_and_brotherhood.htm">Loyalty and Brotherhood</a> The three chiefs exemplify loyalty and brotherhood, risking their lives for David. In our lives, we should cultivate relationships that are grounded in mutual support and faithfulness. <a href="/topical/s/strategic_retreat.htm">Strategic Retreat</a> David's retreat to the cave of Adullam was not a sign of weakness but a strategic move. Sometimes, stepping back and seeking refuge in God is necessary for spiritual and emotional renewal. <a href="/topical/f/facing_opposition.htm">Facing Opposition</a> The presence of the Philistines in the Valley of Rephaim reminds us that opposition is a constant in the life of faith. We must be prepared to face challenges with courage and reliance on God. <a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_in_leadership.htm">God's Sovereignty in Leadership</a> David's leadership, even in times of hiding, was marked by God's sovereignty. Leaders today should seek God's guidance and trust in His plan, even when circumstances seem unfavorable. <a href="/topical/f/faith_in_action.htm">Faith in Action</a> The actions of David's mighty men demonstrate faith in action. Our faith should be evident in our deeds, especially when supporting others in their God-given missions.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_1_chronicles_11.htm">Top 10 Lessons from 1 Chronicles 11</a> <a href="/q/could_3_men_breach_philistine_lines_for_water.htm">In 1 Chronicles 11:15–19, is it plausible that three men could breach heavily guarded Philistine territory just to draw water for David? </a> <a href="/q/is_the_water-fetching_story_credible.htm">(2 Samuel 23:13–17) How credible is the story of warriors breaking through enemy lines just to draw water and then pouring it out? </a> <a href="/q/who_were_the_mighty_men_of_david.htm">Who were the mighty men of David?</a> <a href="/q/1_chr_14_15__natural_cause_for_tree_sound.htm">1 Chronicles 14:15 - Are there natural or archaeological explanations for the sound 'in the tops of the balsam trees' that signaled God's assistance in battle?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/1_chronicles/11.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(15-19) Three unnamed heroes who fetched water for David from the well at Bethlehem.(15) Now three of the thirty captains.--Literally, and a three out of the thirty chiefs went down; a mode of description which appears to distinguish this trio from the former (<a href="/context/1_chronicles/11-11.htm" title="And this is the number of the mighty men whom David had; Jashobeam, an Hachmonite, the chief of the captains: he lifted up his spear against three hundred slain by him at one time.">1Chronicles 11:11-14</a>). The form of the verb, however, connects this exploit with the same war. (Comp. <a href="/context/2_samuel/23-13.htm" title="And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time to the cave of Adullam: and the troop of the Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim.">2Samuel 23:13-17</a>.)To the rock.--'Al hac-c-r (later use of 'al, "on"). Samuel has "at (or towards) harvest," 'el qacir. In Hebrew writing the phrases are very similar. Our phrase looks like a correction of that in Samuel. At any rate, the Syriac, Targum, Arabic, and probably the LXX., read qacir in the MSS. of Samuel. Here the LXX. has "to the rock;" Syriac omits the phrase.Cave of Adullam.--See <a href="/1_samuel/22-1.htm" title="David therefore departed there, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brothers and all his father's house heard it, they went down thither to him.">1Samuel 22:1</a>.Encamped.--Were camping.Valley of Rephaim.--See <a href="/joshua/15-8.htm" title="And the border went up by the valley of the son of Hinnom to the south side of the Jebusite; the same is Jerusalem: and the border went up to the top of the mountain that lies before the valley of Hinnom westward, which is at the end of the valley of the giants northward:">Joshua 15:8</a>, Note. It lay south-west of Jerusalem, in the direction of Bethlehem. It may have got its name from the aboriginal Rephaim, <a href="/deuteronomy/3-11.htm" title="For only Og king of Bashan remained of the remnant of giants; behold his bedstead was a bedstead of iron; is it not in Rabbath of the children of Ammon? nine cubits was the length thereof, and four cubits the breadth of it, after the cubit of a man.">Deuteronomy 3:11</a> (Authorised Version, giants), <a href="/joshua/17-15.htm" title="And Joshua answered them, If you be a great people, then get you up to the wood country, and cut down for yourself there in the land of the Perizzites and of the giants, if mount Ephraim be too narrow for you.">Joshua 17:15</a>. It was a rich corn land (<a href="/isaiah/13-5.htm" title="They come from a far country, from the end of heaven, even the LORD, and the weapons of his indignation, to destroy the whole land.">Isaiah 13:5</a>). (Comp. <a href="/1_chronicles/11-13.htm" title="He was with David at Pasdammim, and there the Philistines were gathered together to battle, where was a parcel of ground full of barley; and the people fled from before the Philistines.">1Chronicles 11:13</a>.) . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/1_chronicles/11.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 15. - Three of the thirty. The thirty here alluded to have not been mentioned either in the Book of Samuel or here, except by implication of our ver. 11, where we might imagine the sense to be, "Now these are the names of the mighty men, in number thirty, whom David had, viz. Jashobeam, an Hachmonite, the chief of the thirty." Nor are we told in either place who were the "three" here spoken cf. The article is absent in both places, or it would be convenient and natural to suppose that the three just mentioned are those intended, which cannot, however, be taken for granted. The language of vers. 20-22, 25, might rather indicate that the three mentioned in those verses are those in question. The repeated uncertainty in which we are left on matters to which no intrinsic difficulty adheres seems evidence of injured manuscripts rather than of anything else. To the rock to David. This is the right reading, עֵל־חֵצֻּר אֶל־דָּוִד; and that in the parallel passage ("to David in the harvest-time") is not correct, אֶל־קָצִיר אֶל־דָּוִד. The cave of Adullam. Adullam, evidently a place of great antiquity (<a href="/genesis/38.htm">Genesis 38</a>:l, 12, 20), is mentioned in <a href="/joshua/12-15.htm">Joshua 12:15</a>; <a href="/joshua/15-35.htm">Joshua 15:35</a>; it was the seat then of a Canaanite king. It afterwards lay in Judah, in that lowland (called often the Shephelah) that ran from Joppa to Gaza, near the Mediterranean Sea. It kept name and fame to the last (<a href="/2_chronicles/11-7.htm">2 Chronicles 11:7</a>; <a href="/nehemiah/11-30.htm">Nehemiah 11:30</a>). The "rock" marks the limestone cliffs of the region (Stanley's 'Sinai and Palestine,' pp. 254-259, edit. 1866). We read of it, as David's refuge (<a href="/1_samuel/22-1.htm">1 Samuel 22:1, 2</a>). From our present passage, and its parallel we should have concluded that it could not have been far from Bethlehem. In this sense Dr. Thomson ('The Land and the Book,' pp. 606, 607) refers to the tradition that fixes the cave at a spot now called Khureitun, between Bethlehem and the Dead Sea, and says, "Leaving our horses in charge of wild Arabs, and taking one Arab for a guide, we started for the cave, having a fearful gorge below, gigantic cliffs above, and the path winding along a shelf of the rock, narrow enough to make the nervous among us shudder. At length from a great rock, hanging on the edge of this shelf, we sprang by a long leap into a low window, which opened into the perpendicular face of the cliff. We were then within the hold of David, and creeping half-doubled through a narrow crevice for a few rods, we stood beneath the dark vault of the first grand chamber of this mysterious and oppressive cavern. Our whole collection of lights did little more than make the damp darkness visible. After groping about as long as we had Lime to spare, we returned to the light of day, fully convinced that, with David and his lion-hearted followers inside, all the strength of Israel under Saul could not have forced an entrance, and would not even have attempted it." The host. For this word "host" (מַחֲגֵה) the parallel (<a href="/2_samuel/23-13.htm">2 Samuel 23:13</a>) has the "life of the Philistines" (but the Authorized Version, the "troop of"), i.e. the beasts and cattle of the Philistines. So also the Syriac Version translates, The Septuagint shows in this place παρεμβολή, and in Samuel τὰγμα. The valley of Rephaim. The situation of this notable valley is not certain. Yet there can be little doubt, in spite of Furst ('Handwortbuch,' 2:383), who supposes a situation north-west of Jerusalem, that it must be near Bethlehem, and therefore south-west of the city. The word employed Here for "valley" (עִמֶק should mark an enclosed one. Rephaim means "giants." Hence our Authorized Version, "The valley of Hinnom westward, which is at the end of the valley of the giants northward" (<a href="/joshua/15-8.htm">Joshua 15:8</a>; <a href="/joshua/18-16.htm">Joshua 18:16</a>; also <a href="/2_samuel/5-18.htm">2 Samuel 5:18</a>; comp. with our present passage; and <a href="/2_samuel/5-22.htm">2 Samuel 5:22</a> comp. with <a href="/1_chronicles/14-9.htm">1 Chronicles 14:9</a>). <a href="/commentaries/1_chronicles/11-15.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>Three שְֽׁלוֹשָׁה֩ (šə·lō·wō·šāh) Number - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7969.htm">Strong's 7969: </a> Three, third, thrice of מִן־ (min-) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4480.htm">Strong's 4480: </a> A part of, from, out of the thirty הַשְּׁלוֹשִׁ֨ים (haš·šə·lō·wō·šîm) Article | Number - common plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7970.htm">Strong's 7970: </a> Thirty, thirtieth chief men רֹ֤אשׁ (rōš) Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7218.htm">Strong's 7218: </a> The head went down וַיֵּרְד֡וּ (way·yê·rə·ḏū) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3381.htm">Strong's 3381: </a> To come or go down, descend to אֶל־ (’el-) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_413.htm">Strong's 413: </a> Near, with, among, to David, דָּוִ֔יד (dā·wîḏ) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1732.htm">Strong's 1732: </a> David -- perhaps 'beloved one', a son of Jesse to עַל־ (‘al-) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> Above, over, upon, against the rock הַצֻּר֙ (haṣ·ṣur) Article | Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6697.htm">Strong's 6697: </a> A cliff, a rock, boulder, a refuge, an edge at אֶל־ (’el-) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_413.htm">Strong's 413: </a> Near, with, among, to the cave מְעָרַ֖ת (mə·‘ā·raṯ) Noun - feminine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4631.htm">Strong's 4631: </a> A cavern of Adullam, עֲדֻלָּ֑ם (‘ă·ḏul·lām) Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5725.htm">Strong's 5725: </a> Adullam -- a Canaanite city while a company וּמַחֲנֵ֣ה (ū·ma·ḥă·nêh) Conjunctive waw | Noun - common singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4264.htm">Strong's 4264: </a> An encampment, an army of Philistines פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים (p̄ə·liš·tîm) Noun - proper - masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6430.htm">Strong's 6430: </a> Philistines -- inhabitants of Philistia was encamped חֹנָ֖ה (ḥō·nāh) Verb - Qal - Participle - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_2583.htm">Strong's 2583: </a> To incline, to decline, to pitch a, tent, gen, to encamp in the Valley בְּעֵ֥מֶק (bə·‘ê·meq) Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6010.htm">Strong's 6010: </a> A vale of Rephaim. רְפָאִֽים׃ (rə·p̄ā·’îm) Noun - proper - masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7497.htm">Strong's 7497: </a> Rephaim -- inhabitants of an area East of the Jordan <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/1_chronicles/11-15.htm">1 Chronicles 11:15 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/1_chronicles/11-15.htm">1 Chronicles 11:15 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/1_chronicles/11-15.htm">1 Chronicles 11:15 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/1_chronicles/11-15.htm">1 Chronicles 11:15 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/1_chronicles/11-15.htm">1 Chronicles 11:15 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/1_chronicles/11-15.htm">1 Chronicles 11:15 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/1_chronicles/11-15.htm">1 Chronicles 11:15 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/1_chronicles/11-15.htm">1 Chronicles 11:15 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/1_chronicles/11-15.htm">1 Chronicles 11:15 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/1_chronicles/11-15.htm">1 Chronicles 11:15 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/11-15.htm">OT History: 1 Chronicles 11:15 Three of the thirty chief men went (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr)</a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/1_chronicles/11-14.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="1 Chronicles 11:14"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="1 Chronicles 11:14" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/1_chronicles/11-16.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="1 Chronicles 11:16"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="1 Chronicles 11:16" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>