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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Colombia</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">112,121 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Colombia</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Colombia">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3154528" data-work_id="3154528" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3154528/Characterization_of_the_first_Batrachochytrium_dendrobatidis_isolate_from_the_Colombian_Andes_an_amphibian_biodiversity_hotspot">Characterization of the first Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis isolate from the Colombian Andes, an amphibian biodiversity hotspot. </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The pathogenic chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), constitutes a significant threat to more than 790 amphibian species occurring in Colombia. To date there is no molecular or morphological description of strains infecting... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3154528" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The pathogenic chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), constitutes a significant threat to more than 790 amphibian species occurring in Colombia. To date there is no molecular or morphological description of strains infecting Colombian populations. Here we report the genetic and morphological char- acterization of the first Colombian isolate of Bd (strain EV001). Our goals were threefold: (1) to characterize the morphology of EV001 using light and scanning electron microscopy, (2) to genotype this strain by direct sequencing of 17 polymorphic nuclear markers developed previously, and (3) to compare our findings with published reports on strains from other areas of the globe. We found that EV001 is morphologically consistent with previously described strains. Multi-locus genotyping suggested that EV001 is grouped genetically with Panamanian strains and is most similar to strain JEL203 isolated from a captive individual. This finding fills an important gap in our knowledge of Neotropical strains of Bd and provides a baseline for further evolutionary and functional analyses.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3154528" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="23d6809c4b1f01153a0480f94bc4ad70" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31057417,"asset_id":3154528,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31057417/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2152618" href="https://uniandes.academia.edu/CrawfordAJ">Andrew J Crawford</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2152618" type="text/json">{"id":2152618,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Crawford","domain_name":"uniandes","page_name":"CrawfordAJ","display_name":"Andrew J Crawford","profile_url":"https://uniandes.academia.edu/CrawfordAJ?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2152618/696153/19066512/s65_andrew.crawford.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3154528 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3154528"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3154528, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3154528", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3154528]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3154528").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3154528").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3154528"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="317115" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Batrachochytrium_dendrobatidis">Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="317115" type="text/json">{"id":317115,"name":"Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Batrachochytrium_dendrobatidis?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="570701" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amphibian_decline">Amphibian decline</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="570701" type="text/json">{"id":570701,"name":"Amphibian decline","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amphibian_decline?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3154528]'), work: {"id":3154528,"title":"Characterization of the first Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis isolate from the Colombian Andes, an amphibian biodiversity hotspot. ","created_at":"2013-03-29T02:56:50.884-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3154528/Characterization_of_the_first_Batrachochytrium_dendrobatidis_isolate_from_the_Colombian_Andes_an_amphibian_biodiversity_hotspot?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_3154528","summary":"The pathogenic chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), constitutes a significant threat to more than 790 amphibian species occurring in Colombia. To date there is no molecular or morphological description of strains infecting Colombian populations. Here we report the genetic and morphological char- acterization of the first Colombian isolate of Bd (strain EV001). Our goals were threefold: (1) to characterize the morphology of EV001 using light and scanning electron microscopy, (2) to genotype this strain by direct sequencing of 17 polymorphic nuclear markers developed previously, and (3) to compare our findings with published reports on strains from other areas of the globe. We found that EV001 is morphologically consistent with previously described strains. Multi-locus genotyping suggested that EV001 is grouped genetically with Panamanian strains and is most similar to strain JEL203 isolated from a captive individual. This finding fills an important gap in our knowledge of Neotropical strains of Bd and provides a baseline for further evolutionary and functional analyses.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31057417,"asset_id":3154528,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2152618,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Crawford","domain_name":"uniandes","page_name":"CrawfordAJ","display_name":"Andrew J Crawford","profile_url":"https://uniandes.academia.edu/CrawfordAJ?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2152618/696153/19066512/s65_andrew.crawford.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":317115,"name":"Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Batrachochytrium_dendrobatidis?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":570701,"name":"Amphibian decline","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amphibian_decline?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37040210" data-work_id="37040210" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37040210/Aporte_de_las_acciones_de_mejora_de_la_gobernanza_forestal_FLEGT_para_fortalecer_la_Estrategia_Nacional_de_Reducci%C3%B3n_de_Emisiones_por_Deforestaci%C3%B3n_y_Degradaci%C3%B3n_de_Bosques_REDD_en_Latinoam%C3%A9rica_Lecciones_aprendidas_de_Honduras_Guatemala_Colombia_y_Panam%C3%A1">Aporte de las acciones de mejora de la gobernanza forestal (FLEGT) para fortalecer la Estrategia Nacional de Reducción de Emisiones por Deforestación y Degradación de Bosques (REDD+) en Latinoamérica: Lecciones aprendidas de Honduras, Guatemala, Colombia y Panamá</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">1. La gobernanza forestal es necesaria para poder alcanzar una gobernanza más amplia que permita conservar los bosques en el paisaje. 2. Asegurar derechos de propiedad sobre la tierra y recursos forestales son la base para que funcionen... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37040210" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">1. La gobernanza forestal es necesaria para poder alcanzar una gobernanza más amplia que permita conservar los bosques en el paisaje. 2. Asegurar derechos de propiedad sobre la tierra y recursos forestales son la base para que funcionen los mercados de bosques y productos forestales (madera). 3. Resolver los derechos de propiedad del carbono, y definir las reglas del juego para el funcionamiento de los mercados de carbono. 4. Promover el acceso e intercambio de información, e impulsar mecanismos de coordinación entre las instituciones asociadas al manejo y conservación de los bosques en el paisaje. 5. La participación de los actores interesados relevantes, en especial los grupos más vulnerables, garantiza alcanzar acuerdos que fortalecen la gobernanza y la protección de los bosques, y permite alcanzar los objetivos de los procesos FLEGT y REDD+. 6. Se requiere que los Estados revisen los mandatos institucionales de sectores antagónicos a la conservación y manejo sostenible de los bosques 7. La legalidad forestal debe ser costo-efectiva y ayudar a garantizar que el bosque y las cadenas de valor de productos forestales sean alternativas económicas competitivas 8. Los incentivos de mayor impacto son aquellos que crean las condiciones favorables para desarrollar negocios forestales legales 9. Los costos de transacción para la conservación de los bosques deben transferirse a otros sectores causantes de la deforestación, para así reducir en alguna media las asimetrías de competitividad del sector forestal con otros sectores productivos del paisaje 10. Para garantizar efectividad y eficiencia, se deben alinear los procesos FLEGT y REDD+ en los países</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37040210" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="579977d2079e80c9a0bb083fe1de7c52" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56990588,"asset_id":37040210,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56990588/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="50862629" href="https://catie.academia.edu/GuillermoANavarro">Guillermo A Navarro</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="50862629" type="text/json">{"id":50862629,"first_name":"Guillermo","last_name":"Navarro","domain_name":"catie","page_name":"GuillermoANavarro","display_name":"Guillermo A Navarro","profile_url":"https://catie.academia.edu/GuillermoANavarro?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/50862629/13457287/15082100/s65_guillermo.navarro.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37040210 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37040210"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37040210, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37040210", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37040210]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37040210").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37040210").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37040210"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39284" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Panama">Panama</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="39284" type="text/json">{"id":39284,"name":"Panama","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Panama?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="66905" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Guatemala">Guatemala</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="66905" type="text/json">{"id":66905,"name":"Guatemala","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Guatemala?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="78768" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Honduras">Honduras</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="78768" type="text/json">{"id":78768,"name":"Honduras","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Honduras?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37040210]'), work: {"id":37040210,"title":"Aporte de las acciones de mejora de la gobernanza forestal (FLEGT) para fortalecer la Estrategia Nacional de Reducción de Emisiones por Deforestación y Degradación de Bosques (REDD+) en Latinoamérica: Lecciones aprendidas de Honduras, Guatemala, Colombia y Panamá","created_at":"2018-07-13T09:06:41.704-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37040210/Aporte_de_las_acciones_de_mejora_de_la_gobernanza_forestal_FLEGT_para_fortalecer_la_Estrategia_Nacional_de_Reducci%C3%B3n_de_Emisiones_por_Deforestaci%C3%B3n_y_Degradaci%C3%B3n_de_Bosques_REDD_en_Latinoam%C3%A9rica_Lecciones_aprendidas_de_Honduras_Guatemala_Colombia_y_Panam%C3%A1?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_37040210","summary":"1. La gobernanza forestal es necesaria para poder alcanzar una gobernanza más amplia que permita conservar los bosques en el paisaje. 2. Asegurar derechos de propiedad sobre la tierra y recursos forestales son la base para que funcionen los mercados de bosques y productos forestales (madera). 3. Resolver los derechos de propiedad del carbono, y definir las reglas del juego para el funcionamiento de los mercados de carbono. 4. Promover el acceso e intercambio de información, e impulsar mecanismos de coordinación entre las instituciones asociadas al manejo y conservación de los bosques en el paisaje. 5. La participación de los actores interesados relevantes, en especial los grupos más vulnerables, garantiza alcanzar acuerdos que fortalecen la gobernanza y la protección de los bosques, y permite alcanzar los objetivos de los procesos FLEGT y REDD+. 6. Se requiere que los Estados revisen los mandatos institucionales de sectores antagónicos a la conservación y manejo sostenible de los bosques 7. La legalidad forestal debe ser costo-efectiva y ayudar a garantizar que el bosque y las cadenas de valor de productos forestales sean alternativas económicas competitivas 8. Los incentivos de mayor impacto son aquellos que crean las condiciones favorables para desarrollar negocios forestales legales 9. Los costos de transacción para la conservación de los bosques deben transferirse a otros sectores causantes de la deforestación, para así reducir en alguna media las asimetrías de competitividad del sector forestal con otros sectores productivos del paisaje 10. Para garantizar efectividad y eficiencia, se deben alinear los procesos FLEGT y REDD+ en los países","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56990588,"asset_id":37040210,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":50862629,"first_name":"Guillermo","last_name":"Navarro","domain_name":"catie","page_name":"GuillermoANavarro","display_name":"Guillermo A 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Degradation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/REDD_or_Reducing_Emissions_form_Deforestation_and_Forest_Degradation?f_ri=3261"},{"id":371791,"name":"Illegal Logging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Illegal_Logging?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1305128,"name":"FLEGT","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FLEGT?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_75388156" data-work_id="75388156" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75388156/Ambidexterity_strategies_in_illegitimate_institutional_contexts_the_role_of_informal_institutions">Ambidexterity strategies in illegitimate institutional contexts: the role of informal institutions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x 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itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32720726/ESTADO_NACI%C3%93N_Y_ETNICIDAD_EN_COLOMBIA">ESTADO NACIÓN Y ETNICIDAD EN COLOMBIA</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Los procesos de exclusión e inclusión de los grupos étnicos  afrocolombianos e indígenas y sus acciones colectivas en la historia del Estado Nación en Colombia</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32720726" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" 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class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37229193" data-work_id="37229193" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37229193/Medios_de_control_en_el_CPACA">Medios de control en el CPACA</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Esta obra es un estudio del Código de Procedimiento Administrativo y de lo Contencioso Administrativo (CPACA). La obra revisa las reformas a la normatividad administrativa y contenciosa administrativa e identifica los actores susceptibles... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37229193" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Esta obra es un estudio del Código de Procedimiento Administrativo y de lo Contencioso Administrativo (CPACA). La obra revisa las reformas a la normatividad administrativa y contenciosa administrativa e identifica los actores susceptibles de verse enfrentados en desarrollo de los distintos medios de control. Este texto cumple una función pedagógica ya que actualiza las discusiones a propósito de las reformas mencionadas, al tiempo que sirve de insumo en la formación de abogados por su carácter descriptivo y analítico.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37229193" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="293bf4e27ceca129d27ff5d881374e92" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57180619,"asset_id":37229193,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57180619/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="48586464" href="https://unal-co.academia.edu/Unijus">Unijus Instituto Unidad de Investigaciones Jurídico-Sociales Gerardo Molina</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="48586464" type="text/json">{"id":48586464,"first_name":"Unijus","last_name":"Instituto Unidad de Investigaciones Jurídico-Sociales Gerardo Molina","domain_name":"unal-co","page_name":"Unijus","display_name":"Unijus Instituto Unidad de Investigaciones Jurídico-Sociales Gerardo Molina","profile_url":"https://unal-co.academia.edu/Unijus?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/48586464/16513159/23792915/s65_unijus.instituto_unidad_de_investigaciones_jur_dico-sociales_gerardo_molina.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37229193 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37229193"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37229193, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37229193", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37229193]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37229193").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37229193").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37229193"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="54511" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Derecho_Administrativo">Derecho Administrativo</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="54511" type="text/json">{"id":54511,"name":"Derecho Administrativo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Derecho_Administrativo?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="326487" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consejo_De_Estado">Consejo De Estado</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="326487" type="text/json">{"id":326487,"name":"Consejo De Estado","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consejo_De_Estado?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1141162" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jurisprudencia">Jurisprudencia</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1141162" type="text/json">{"id":1141162,"name":"Jurisprudencia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jurisprudencia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37229193]'), work: {"id":37229193,"title":"Medios de control en el CPACA","created_at":"2018-08-13T13:21:33.258-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37229193/Medios_de_control_en_el_CPACA?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_37229193","summary":"Esta obra es un estudio del Código de Procedimiento Administrativo y de lo Contencioso Administrativo (CPACA). La obra revisa las reformas a la normatividad administrativa y contenciosa administrativa e identifica los actores susceptibles de verse enfrentados en desarrollo de los distintos medios de control. Este texto cumple una función pedagógica ya que actualiza las discusiones a propósito de las reformas mencionadas, al tiempo que sirve de insumo en la formación de abogados por su carácter descriptivo y analítico.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57180619,"asset_id":37229193,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":48586464,"first_name":"Unijus","last_name":"Instituto Unidad de Investigaciones Jurídico-Sociales Gerardo Molina","domain_name":"unal-co","page_name":"Unijus","display_name":"Unijus Instituto Unidad de Investigaciones Jurídico-Sociales Gerardo Molina","profile_url":"https://unal-co.academia.edu/Unijus?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/48586464/16513159/23792915/s65_unijus.instituto_unidad_de_investigaciones_jur_dico-sociales_gerardo_molina.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":54511,"name":"Derecho Administrativo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Derecho_Administrativo?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":326487,"name":"Consejo De Estado","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consejo_De_Estado?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":1141162,"name":"Jurisprudencia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jurisprudencia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":1361238,"name":"Corte Constitucional De Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corte_Constitucional_De_Colombia?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1504003,"name":"Nulidades","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nulidades?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12857801" data-work_id="12857801" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12857801/Mujeres_ausentes_y_cabezas_de_familia_realidades_sociales_y_econ%C3%B3micas_de_las_familias_transnacionales_constituidas_entre_Colombia_y_Espa%C3%B1a">Mujeres ausentes y cabezas de familia: realidades sociales y económicas de las familias transnacionales constituidas entre Colombia y España</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">La presente investigación incorpora la dimensión transnacional al estudio del fenómeno migratorio. En particular, analiza los impactos que la migración comporta para las familias constituidas en un contexto transnacional. Ahora bien,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12857801" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">La presente investigación incorpora la dimensión transnacional al estudio del fenómeno migratorio. En particular, analiza los impactos que la migración comporta para las familias constituidas en un contexto transnacional. Ahora bien, partimos de la presuposición de que los impactos no estructurales o simbólicos son tanto o más relevantes que los denominados impactos estructurales -piénsese, por ejemplo, en cómo la partida de uno o de varios miembros del grupo familiar obliga a reformular y reorientar diversos aspectos de la cotidianeidad familiar como son el reparto de funciones, la <br />comunicación etc.-. Todavía más, en realidad para comprender algunos de estos impactos físicos, las remesas por ejemplo, resulta necesario incorporar nuevas dimensiones de <br />análisis, como su incidencia en las relaciones y las prácticas de género. Por lo demás, al seleccionar un tipo de vida o forma familiar en particular, la representada por mujeres <br />cabezas de hogar, queremos, de una parte, apoyar nuestra hipótesis de partida, y de otra, presentar un diagnóstico más certero de la migración a España de un colectivo concreto, <br />el colombiano. En efecto, aunque la migración conlleva efectos diversos en las familias que se configuran de manera transnacional, es en aquellas formas familiares monoparentales lideradas por mujeres donde el análisis de tales implicaciones resulta más complejo y sugerente. Al centrarnos por lo demás en el colectivo de colombianas, <br />estamos no sólo ofreciendo una caracterización menos estereotipada de los que migran, más acorde con los cambios sociodemográficos ocurridos en el país, sino también <br />proveyendo un análisis más riguroso de uno de los grupos nacionales que tiene mayor presencia en España.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12857801" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5d5cfef74d5c98042a3ea5b0281fe1c3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37853107,"asset_id":12857801,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37853107/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31976869" href="https://universidadinternacionaldelarioja.academia.edu/NelcyYolyValenciaOlivero">Nelcy Yoly Valencia Olivero</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31976869" type="text/json">{"id":31976869,"first_name":"Nelcy Yoly","last_name":"Valencia Olivero","domain_name":"universidadinternacionaldelarioja","page_name":"NelcyYolyValenciaOlivero","display_name":"Nelcy Yoly Valencia Olivero","profile_url":"https://universidadinternacionaldelarioja.academia.edu/NelcyYolyValenciaOlivero?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31976869/9522934/10608907/s65_nelcy.valencia.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12857801 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12857801"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12857801, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12857801", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_12857801 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12857801; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_12857801"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12857801 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12857801"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12857801; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12857801]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12857801").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12857801").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12857801"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="696" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies">Gender Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="696" type="text/json">{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14730" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration_Studies">Migration Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14730" type="text/json">{"id":14730,"name":"Migration Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration_Studies?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22319" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombian_History">Colombian History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="22319" type="text/json">{"id":22319,"name":"Colombian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombian_History?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12857801]'), work: {"id":12857801,"title":"Mujeres ausentes y cabezas de familia: realidades sociales y económicas de las familias transnacionales constituidas entre Colombia y España","created_at":"2015-06-08T01:03:13.489-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12857801/Mujeres_ausentes_y_cabezas_de_familia_realidades_sociales_y_econ%C3%B3micas_de_las_familias_transnacionales_constituidas_entre_Colombia_y_Espa%C3%B1a?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_12857801","summary":"La presente investigación incorpora la dimensión transnacional al estudio del fenómeno migratorio. En particular, analiza los impactos que la migración comporta para las familias constituidas en un contexto transnacional. Ahora bien, partimos de la presuposición de que los impactos no estructurales o simbólicos son tanto o más relevantes que los denominados impactos estructurales -piénsese, por ejemplo, en cómo la partida de uno o de varios miembros del grupo familiar obliga a reformular y reorientar diversos aspectos de la cotidianeidad familiar como son el reparto de funciones, la\r\ncomunicación etc.-. Todavía más, en realidad para comprender algunos de estos impactos físicos, las remesas por ejemplo, resulta necesario incorporar nuevas dimensiones de\r\nanálisis, como su incidencia en las relaciones y las prácticas de género. Por lo demás, al seleccionar un tipo de vida o forma familiar en particular, la representada por mujeres\r\ncabezas de hogar, queremos, de una parte, apoyar nuestra hipótesis de partida, y de otra, presentar un diagnóstico más certero de la migración a España de un colectivo concreto,\r\nel colombiano. En efecto, aunque la migración conlleva efectos diversos en las familias que se configuran de manera transnacional, es en aquellas formas familiares monoparentales lideradas por mujeres donde el análisis de tales implicaciones resulta más complejo y sugerente. Al centrarnos por lo demás en el colectivo de colombianas,\r\nestamos no sólo ofreciendo una caracterización menos estereotipada de los que migran, más acorde con los cambios sociodemográficos ocurridos en el país, sino también\r\nproveyendo un análisis más riguroso de uno de los grupos nacionales que tiene mayor presencia en España.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37853107,"asset_id":12857801,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31976869,"first_name":"Nelcy Yoly","last_name":"Valencia Olivero","domain_name":"universidadinternacionaldelarioja","page_name":"NelcyYolyValenciaOlivero","display_name":"Nelcy Yoly Valencia Olivero","profile_url":"https://universidadinternacionaldelarioja.academia.edu/NelcyYolyValenciaOlivero?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31976869/9522934/10608907/s65_nelcy.valencia.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":14730,"name":"Migration Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration_Studies?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":22319,"name":"Colombian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombian_History?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":151257,"name":"Historia De Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_De_Colombia?f_ri=3261"},{"id":498777,"name":"National university of colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/National_university_of_colombia?f_ri=3261"},{"id":632334,"name":"Trabajo doméstico","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trabajo_domestico?f_ri=3261"},{"id":708600,"name":"Anropología De Los Cuidados","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anropologia_De_Los_Cuidados?f_ri=3261"},{"id":762216,"name":"Migraciones Y Género","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migraciones_Y_Genero?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1139953,"name":"Cuidados","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cuidados?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1787762,"name":"Migración colombiana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migraci%C3%B3n_colombiana?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10021042" data-work_id="10021042" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10021042/Fundaci%C3%B3n_Ideas_para_la_Paz_FIP_Seis_tesis_sobre_la_evoluci%C3%B3n_reciente_del_conflicto_armado_en_Colombia">Fundación Ideas para la Paz - FIP -Seis tesis sobre la evolución reciente del conflicto armado en Colombia</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Informe de la Fundación Ideas para la Paz. "Desde su constitución como centro de pensamiento independiente en 1999, la Fundación Ideas para la Paz (FIP) ha tenido como uno de sus principales objetivos contribuir de manera eficaz a la... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10021042" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Informe de la Fundación Ideas para la Paz. <br /><br />"Desde su constitución como centro de pensamiento independiente en 1999, la Fundación Ideas para la Paz (FIP)<br />ha tenido como uno de sus principales objetivos contribuir<br />de manera eficaz a la comprensión de todos los actores armados y escenarios relacionados con el conflicto armado<br />en Colombia. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, la FIP elaboró<br />el presente informe que busca a través de fuentes estadísticas<br />y cualitativas, reconstruir buena parte de la evolución<br />que ha tenido el conflicto armado en los últimos 25 años.<br /><br />Los hace a través de seis tesis que explican sus dinámicas<br />más recientes, haciendo énfasis en aquellas regiones<br />donde el Gobierno Nacional reconoce que el conflicto sigue<br />activo y tiene mayor impacto. En este informe también se<br />actualiza el diagnóstico de impacto humanitario que tienen<br />estas dinámicas del conflicto sobre la población civil, y se<br />incluyen una serie de reflexiones acerca de los logros y retos<br />que enfrentan las Fuerzas Militares en la actualidad.<br />Este informe y el trabajo investigativo que lo respalda, fue<br />realizado gracias al apoyo del Programa de Reintegración<br />con Enfoque Comunitario que implementa la Organización<br />Internacional para las Migraciones (OIM), con el respaldo<br />económico de la Agencia de Estados Unidos para el Desarrollo<br />Internacional (USAID). Los contenidos son responsabilidad<br />de la Fundación Ideas para la Paz (FIP) y no reflejan<br />necesariamente las opiniones de USAID o de OIM". (Tomado del informe)</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10021042" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="aacd16193f472f156a56d00b19b1f9be" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36155111,"asset_id":10021042,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36155111/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10798516" href="https://york.academia.edu/NataliaRiveros">Natalia Riveros Anzola</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10798516" type="text/json">{"id":10798516,"first_name":"Natalia","last_name":"Riveros Anzola","domain_name":"york","page_name":"NataliaRiveros","display_name":"Natalia Riveros Anzola","profile_url":"https://york.academia.edu/NataliaRiveros?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10798516/3233481/15282689/s65_natalia.riveros.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10021042 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10021042"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10021042, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10021042", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10021042]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10021042").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10021042").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10021042"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1198" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_and_Conflict_Studies">Peace and Conflict Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1198" type="text/json">{"id":1198,"name":"Peace and Conflict Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_and_Conflict_Studies?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="45578" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peacebuilding">Peacebuilding</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="45578" type="text/json">{"id":45578,"name":"Peacebuilding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peacebuilding?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10021042]'), work: {"id":10021042,"title":"Fundación Ideas para la Paz - FIP -Seis tesis sobre la evolución reciente del conflicto armado en Colombia","created_at":"2015-01-05T14:00:38.650-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10021042/Fundaci%C3%B3n_Ideas_para_la_Paz_FIP_Seis_tesis_sobre_la_evoluci%C3%B3n_reciente_del_conflicto_armado_en_Colombia?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_10021042","summary":"Informe de la Fundación Ideas para la Paz. \n\n\"Desde su constitución como centro de pensamiento independiente en 1999, la Fundación Ideas para la Paz (FIP)\nha tenido como uno de sus principales objetivos contribuir\nde manera eficaz a la comprensión de todos los actores armados y escenarios relacionados con el conflicto armado\nen Colombia. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, la FIP elaboró\nel presente informe que busca a través de fuentes estadísticas\ny cualitativas, reconstruir buena parte de la evolución\nque ha tenido el conflicto armado en los últimos 25 años.\n\nLos hace a través de seis tesis que explican sus dinámicas\nmás recientes, haciendo énfasis en aquellas regiones\ndonde el Gobierno Nacional reconoce que el conflicto sigue\nactivo y tiene mayor impacto. En este informe también se\nactualiza el diagnóstico de impacto humanitario que tienen\nestas dinámicas del conflicto sobre la población civil, y se\nincluyen una serie de reflexiones acerca de los logros y retos\nque enfrentan las Fuerzas Militares en la actualidad.\nEste informe y el trabajo investigativo que lo respalda, fue\nrealizado gracias al apoyo del Programa de Reintegración\ncon Enfoque Comunitario que implementa la Organización\nInternacional para las Migraciones (OIM), con el respaldo\neconómico de la Agencia de Estados Unidos para el Desarrollo\nInternacional (USAID). Los contenidos son responsabilidad\nde la Fundación Ideas para la Paz (FIP) y no reflejan\nnecesariamente las opiniones de USAID o de OIM\". (Tomado del informe)","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36155111,"asset_id":10021042,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10798516,"first_name":"Natalia","last_name":"Riveros Anzola","domain_name":"york","page_name":"NataliaRiveros","display_name":"Natalia Riveros Anzola","profile_url":"https://york.academia.edu/NataliaRiveros?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10798516/3233481/15282689/s65_natalia.riveros.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1198,"name":"Peace and Conflict Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_and_Conflict_Studies?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":45578,"name":"Peacebuilding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peacebuilding?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23687691 coauthored" data-work_id="23687691" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23687691/El_pasado_pol%C3%A9mico_de_los_a%C3%B1os_ochenta_como_atractivo_tur%C3%ADstico_en_Medell%C3%ADn_Colombia">El pasado polémico de los años ochenta como atractivo turístico en Medellín, Colombia</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Resumen Esta investigación hace alusión a una demanda existente en Medellín por parte del turismo internacional respecto a la historia de los años ochenta en lo concerniente a Pablo Escobar Gaviria, quien fue un protagonista de la... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23687691" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Resumen<br />Esta investigación hace alusión a una demanda existente en Medellín por parte del turismo internacional respecto a la historia de los años ochenta en lo concerniente a Pablo<br />Escobar Gaviria, quien fue un protagonista de la violencia que vivió la ciudad en esa década. Aunque ya existe una oferta<br />de tours con respecto a dicha temática, los actores encargados de liderar el turismo en la ciudad demuestran poco interés en ofrecer este producto. Lo anterior surge de un trabajo<br />exploratorio y descriptivo en el año 2012, por medio de observación en los tours ofrecidos, entrevistas, revisión cibergráfica y una consulta de las experiencias de otros destinos con problemática similar a la de Medellín, en<br />los cuales se encontró que estos han logrado convertir en atractivos para la mirada de los turistas, lugares y monumentos asociados a un pasado no deseado, aminorando con algunas estrategias el impacto emocional de<br />los locales.<br /><br />Abstract<br />This research refers to a demand that exists in Medellin, Colombia, related to international tourism interested to know more about the history of the era of the 80s, and specifically<br />about Pablo Escobar Gaviria, who was a protagonist of the violence experienced by the city in that decade. Although there is already an offer tours on this theme, the lead actors responsible for tourism in the city, show little interest in offering this product. Consequently, this emerge from an exploratory and descriptive work in 2012, through observation of the offered tours, interviews, websites review and a consultation about the experiences from other destinations with a similar problematic to Medellin, where it was<br />found that they have managed to become into tourist attractions for the eyes of tourists, places and monuments associated to a past unwanted, slowing with some strategies, the emotional impact of the residents.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23687691" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7c6de3912e3bac440ba34d719a7a8453" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44093315,"asset_id":23687691,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44093315/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="46191217" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ClaudiaMar%C3%ADaGiraldoVel%C3%A1squez">Claudia María Giraldo Velásquez</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="46191217" type="text/json">{"id":46191217,"first_name":"Claudia María","last_name":"Giraldo Velásquez","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ClaudiaMaríaGiraldoVelásquez","display_name":"Claudia María Giraldo Velásquez","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ClaudiaMar%C3%ADaGiraldoVel%C3%A1squez?f_ri=3261","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-23687691">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-23687691"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://trismegistos.academia.edu/AnneMarieVanBroeck">Anne Marie Van Broeck</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-23687691'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-23687691').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23687691 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23687691"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23687691, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23687691", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_23687691 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23687691; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_23687691"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_23687691 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23687691"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23687691; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23687691]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23687691").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23687691").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23687691"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5505" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dark_Tourism">Dark Tourism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5505" type="text/json">{"id":5505,"name":"Dark Tourism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dark_Tourism?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2431284" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tourism_and_Narcoheritage">Tourism and Narcoheritage</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2431284" type="text/json">{"id":2431284,"name":"Tourism and Narcoheritage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tourism_and_Narcoheritage?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23687691]'), work: {"id":23687691,"title":"El pasado polémico de los años ochenta como atractivo turístico en Medellín, Colombia","created_at":"2016-03-25T03:34:16.385-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/23687691/El_pasado_pol%C3%A9mico_de_los_a%C3%B1os_ochenta_como_atractivo_tur%C3%ADstico_en_Medell%C3%ADn_Colombia?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_23687691","summary":"Resumen\nEsta investigación hace alusión a una demanda existente en Medellín por parte del turismo internacional respecto a la historia de los años ochenta en lo concerniente a Pablo\nEscobar Gaviria, quien fue un protagonista de la violencia que vivió la ciudad en esa década. Aunque ya existe una oferta\nde tours con respecto a dicha temática, los actores encargados de liderar el turismo en la ciudad demuestran poco interés en ofrecer este producto. Lo anterior surge de un trabajo\nexploratorio y descriptivo en el año 2012, por medio de observación en los tours ofrecidos, entrevistas, revisión cibergráfica y una consulta de las experiencias de otros destinos con problemática similar a la de Medellín, en\nlos cuales se encontró que estos han logrado convertir en atractivos para la mirada de los turistas, lugares y monumentos asociados a un pasado no deseado, aminorando con algunas estrategias el impacto emocional de\nlos locales.\n\nAbstract\nThis research refers to a demand that exists in Medellin, Colombia, related to international tourism interested to know more about the history of the era of the 80s, and specifically\nabout Pablo Escobar Gaviria, who was a protagonist of the violence experienced by the city in that decade. Although there is already an offer tours on this theme, the lead actors responsible for tourism in the city, show little interest in offering this product. Consequently, this emerge from an exploratory and descriptive work in 2012, through observation of the offered tours, interviews, websites review and a consultation about the experiences from other destinations with a similar problematic to Medellin, where it was\nfound that they have managed to become into tourist attractions for the eyes of tourists, places and monuments associated to a past unwanted, slowing with some strategies, the emotional impact of the residents.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44093315,"asset_id":23687691,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":46191217,"first_name":"Claudia María","last_name":"Giraldo Velásquez","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ClaudiaMaríaGiraldoVelásquez","display_name":"Claudia María Giraldo Velásquez","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ClaudiaMar%C3%ADaGiraldoVel%C3%A1squez?f_ri=3261","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":45757707,"first_name":"Anne Marie","last_name":"Van Broeck","domain_name":"trismegistos","page_name":"AnneMarieVanBroeck","display_name":"Anne Marie Van Broeck","profile_url":"https://trismegistos.academia.edu/AnneMarieVanBroeck?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/45757707/12127997/13508831/s65_anne_marie.van_broeck.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":5505,"name":"Dark Tourism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dark_Tourism?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":2431284,"name":"Tourism and Narcoheritage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tourism_and_Narcoheritage?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13515273" data-work_id="13515273" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13515273/Invenciones_de_la_colombianidad_Nueva_M%C3%BAsica_Colombiana">Invenciones de la colombianidad: Nueva Música Colombiana</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Esta tesis buscó indagar desde las herramientas analíticas de los estudios culturales por las relaciones existentes entre la música, el poder y la representación. En esta oportunidad me interesa exponer un debate que se ha iniciado en los... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13515273" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Esta tesis buscó indagar desde las herramientas analíticas de los estudios culturales por las relaciones existentes entre la música, el poder y la representación. En esta oportunidad me interesa exponer un debate que se ha iniciado en los últimos años en Colombia, en el ámbito de lo que se conoce como Nueva Música Colombiana (NMC) que está relacionado con el interés que han tenido varios músicos jóvenes de las principales ciudades del país (Bogotá, Cali y Medellín) por recuperar y reinterpretar músicas tradicionales colombianas al mezclarlas con géneros “modernos” como el jazz, el hip-hop, el funk entre otros.  Frente a esta emergencia han nacido agrupaciones como Bomba Estéreo, Monsieur Periné, Chocquibtown, La Mojarra Eléctrica, La Revuelta, Curupira, Systema Solar entre otros.<br /><br />La pregunta a responder en esta investigación es ¿cómo se establecen disputas e imaginarios de la colombianidad en la configuración de lo que se llama Nueva Música Colombiana?. Para poder responderla el documento está dividido en tres capitulos que son: El primero, hace un recorrido sobre los antecedentes históricos de las imágenes de colombianidad y la manera en la que se han articulado con la construcción de los sonidos nacionales, sumado a los roles que han jugado los saberes expertos del folclor, el World Music y los discursos multiculturalistas que se materializaron en la constitución de 1991. <br /><br />En el segundo capítulo, se construye la historia del surgimiento de la NMC que incluye la herencia de músicos tradicionales en las ciudades y de músicos que se arriesgaron a poner en un mismo escenario géneros académicos con músicas tradicionales, dando como resultado una primera cosecha de jóvenes músicos de las principales ciudades del país. Al verse nutridos, no sólo por el panorama musical sino también el social y político de los 90’s, estos músicos deciden apostarle a una nueva manera de hacer música colombiana con base en las músicas tradicionales que llamarían, desde la institucionalidad, la prensa y la academia, NMC. <br /><br />El tercer capítulo problematiza las escenificaciones de Colombia y los colombianos a través de las agrupaciones escogidas para el estudio, de manera que sea posible indagar sobre los imaginarios que se han mantenido en el tiempo, han cambiado o han entrado en disputa.<br /><br />Finalmente, se establece el por qué se considera que la NMC es una invención de la colombianidad y se señalan las conclusiones que surgen de ahí. <br /><br /><br />This thesis aimed to establish from the analytical tools of cultural studies on the relationship between music, power and representation. I'm interested in this opportunity to expose a debate that has begun in recent years in Colombia, in the context of what is known as New Colombian Music (NMC) which is related to the interest they have had several young musicians from major cities (Bogotá, Cali and Medellín) to recover and reinterpret traditional Colombian music to mix with "modern" genres like jazz, hip-hop, funk and others. Faced with this emergency born groups like Bomba Estereo, Monsieur Perine, Chocquibtown, La Mojarra Eléctrica, La Revuelta, Curupira, Systema Solar and others.<br /><br />The question to be answered in this research is ¿How the disputes and imaginarys Colombianness set in shaping what is called New Colombian Music ?. To answer document is divided into three chapters are: First, make a tour on the historical background of images of Colombian and the way in which they have articulated with the construction of national sounds, added to the roles have played expert knowledge of folklore, World Music and multiculturalist discourses that materialized in the 1991 Constitution.<br /><br />In the second chapter, the story of the rise of NMC which includes the heritage of traditional musicians in cities and musicians who dared to put in the same academic genres with traditional music scene is constructed, resulting in a first crop of young musicians major cities. To be nourished not only by the also the social and political 90s music scene but these musicians decide to bet on a new way to make Colombian music based on traditional music would call from the institutions, the press and academia NMC.<br /><br />The third chapter problematizes the performances of Colombia and Colombians through clusters chosen for the study, so that it is possible to investigate the imaginary that have been maintained over time, have changed or entered in dispute.<br /><br />Finally, it establishes why it is considered that the NMC is an invention of the Colombianness and conclusions arising listed there.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13515273" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5ce387e149eebfaf745d728521bc94b1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38063128,"asset_id":13515273,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38063128/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="22377573" href="https://colef.academia.edu/NathalyG%C3%B3mez">Nathaly Gómez</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="22377573" type="text/json">{"id":22377573,"first_name":"Nathaly","last_name":"Gómez","domain_name":"colef","page_name":"NathalyGómez","display_name":"Nathaly Gómez","profile_url":"https://colef.academia.edu/NathalyG%C3%B3mez?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/22377573/6522101/124953060/s65_nathaly.g_mez.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13515273 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13515273"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13515273, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13515273", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13515273]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13515273").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13515273").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13515273"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="671" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music">Music</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="671" type="text/json">{"id":671,"name":"Music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21989" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Imaginaries">Social Imaginaries</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21989" type="text/json">{"id":21989,"name":"Social Imaginaries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Imaginaries?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="357484" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/National_imaginaries">National imaginaries</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="357484" type="text/json">{"id":357484,"name":"National imaginaries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/National_imaginaries?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13515273]'), work: {"id":13515273,"title":"Invenciones de la colombianidad: Nueva Música Colombiana","created_at":"2015-07-01T14:44:00.263-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13515273/Invenciones_de_la_colombianidad_Nueva_M%C3%BAsica_Colombiana?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_13515273","summary":"Esta tesis buscó indagar desde las herramientas analíticas de los estudios culturales por las relaciones existentes entre la música, el poder y la representación. En esta oportunidad me interesa exponer un debate que se ha iniciado en los últimos años en Colombia, en el ámbito de lo que se conoce como Nueva Música Colombiana (NMC) que está relacionado con el interés que han tenido varios músicos jóvenes de las principales ciudades del país (Bogotá, Cali y Medellín) por recuperar y reinterpretar músicas tradicionales colombianas al mezclarlas con géneros “modernos” como el jazz, el hip-hop, el funk entre otros. Frente a esta emergencia han nacido agrupaciones como Bomba Estéreo, Monsieur Periné, Chocquibtown, La Mojarra Eléctrica, La Revuelta, Curupira, Systema Solar entre otros.\n\nLa pregunta a responder en esta investigación es ¿cómo se establecen disputas e imaginarios de la colombianidad en la configuración de lo que se llama Nueva Música Colombiana?. Para poder responderla el documento está dividido en tres capitulos que son: El primero, hace un recorrido sobre los antecedentes históricos de las imágenes de colombianidad y la manera en la que se han articulado con la construcción de los sonidos nacionales, sumado a los roles que han jugado los saberes expertos del folclor, el World Music y los discursos multiculturalistas que se materializaron en la constitución de 1991. \n\nEn el segundo capítulo, se construye la historia del surgimiento de la NMC que incluye la herencia de músicos tradicionales en las ciudades y de músicos que se arriesgaron a poner en un mismo escenario géneros académicos con músicas tradicionales, dando como resultado una primera cosecha de jóvenes músicos de las principales ciudades del país. Al verse nutridos, no sólo por el panorama musical sino también el social y político de los 90’s, estos músicos deciden apostarle a una nueva manera de hacer música colombiana con base en las músicas tradicionales que llamarían, desde la institucionalidad, la prensa y la academia, NMC. \n\nEl tercer capítulo problematiza las escenificaciones de Colombia y los colombianos a través de las agrupaciones escogidas para el estudio, de manera que sea posible indagar sobre los imaginarios que se han mantenido en el tiempo, han cambiado o han entrado en disputa.\n\nFinalmente, se establece el por qué se considera que la NMC es una invención de la colombianidad y se señalan las conclusiones que surgen de ahí. \n\n\nThis thesis aimed to establish from the analytical tools of cultural studies on the relationship between music, power and representation. I'm interested in this opportunity to expose a debate that has begun in recent years in Colombia, in the context of what is known as New Colombian Music (NMC) which is related to the interest they have had several young musicians from major cities (Bogotá, Cali and Medellín) to recover and reinterpret traditional Colombian music to mix with \"modern\" genres like jazz, hip-hop, funk and others. Faced with this emergency born groups like Bomba Estereo, Monsieur Perine, Chocquibtown, La Mojarra Eléctrica, La Revuelta, Curupira, Systema Solar and others.\n\nThe question to be answered in this research is ¿How the disputes and imaginarys Colombianness set in shaping what is called New Colombian Music ?. To answer document is divided into three chapters are: First, make a tour on the historical background of images of Colombian and the way in which they have articulated with the construction of national sounds, added to the roles have played expert knowledge of folklore, World Music and multiculturalist discourses that materialized in the 1991 Constitution.\n\nIn the second chapter, the story of the rise of NMC which includes the heritage of traditional musicians in cities and musicians who dared to put in the same academic genres with traditional music scene is constructed, resulting in a first crop of young musicians major cities. To be nourished not only by the also the social and political 90s music scene but these musicians decide to bet on a new way to make Colombian music based on traditional music would call from the institutions, the press and academia NMC.\n\nThe third chapter problematizes the performances of Colombia and Colombians through clusters chosen for the study, so that it is possible to investigate the imaginary that have been maintained over time, have changed or entered in dispute.\n\nFinally, it establishes why it is considered that the NMC is an invention of the Colombianness and conclusions arising listed there.\t\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38063128,"asset_id":13515273,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":22377573,"first_name":"Nathaly","last_name":"Gómez","domain_name":"colef","page_name":"NathalyGómez","display_name":"Nathaly Gómez","profile_url":"https://colef.academia.edu/NathalyG%C3%B3mez?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/22377573/6522101/124953060/s65_nathaly.g_mez.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":671,"name":"Music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":21989,"name":"Social Imaginaries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Imaginaries?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":357484,"name":"National imaginaries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/National_imaginaries?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":586544,"name":"Músicas Tradicionales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Musicas_Tradicionales?f_ri=3261"},{"id":718377,"name":"Música Colombiana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/M%C3%BAsica_Colombiana?f_ri=3261"},{"id":888150,"name":"Imaginarios","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Imaginarios?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1300581,"name":"Disputas Por Poder","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disputas_Por_Poder?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1984052,"name":"Nueva Música Colombiana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nueva_M%C3%BAsica_Colombiana?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1984053,"name":"Colombianidad","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombianidad?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1984054,"name":"New Colombian Music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Colombian_Music?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1984055,"name":"Colombianness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombianness?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1984056,"name":"Músicos Tradicionales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/M%C3%BAsicos_Tradicionales?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1984057,"name":"Músicos Academicos","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/M%C3%BAsicos_Academicos?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1984058,"name":"Scholars Musicians","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scholars_Musicians?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43007650" data-work_id="43007650" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43007650/Eros%C3%A3o_num_peda%C3%A7o_de_papel">Erosão num pedaço de papel</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Esta tese busca caminhar palavras sobre minhas aprendizagens com os artistas ingas Benjamín Jacanamijoy Tisoy, Carlos Jacanamijoy Tisoy, Kindi Llajtu, Rosa Tisoy Tandioy, Tirsa Taira Chindoy Chasoy e outros amigos, com especial destaque à... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43007650" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Esta tese busca caminhar palavras sobre minhas aprendizagens com os artistas ingas Benjamín Jacanamijoy Tisoy, Carlos Jacanamijoy Tisoy, Kindi Llajtu, Rosa Tisoy Tandioy, Tirsa Taira Chindoy Chasoy e outros amigos, com especial destaque à yacha mamita Merceditas Tisoy de Jacanamijoy, em Bogotá e no Valle de Sibundoy, Colômbia. A palavra caminhar (purij) é usada com frequência por meus amigos, em referência à maneira com que tudo o que faz parte da existência possui um caminhar. Por meio de um caminhar, a criatividade flui e dá muitas coisas, como plantas e quadros. Assim, “caminhar palavras” é escrever como quem traça uma linha no papel e amarra um percurso por meio de um desenho, ou como quem tece, ou semeia a terra. <br />Um caminhar se refere a atividades como passear e viajar pela terra; dedilhar fios de tecido na confecção de chumbes (uma faixa de lã desenhada, que se usa principalmente sobre o ventre, feito cinto) e outras prendas de vestir; semear e cuidar do crescimento das plantas; e seguir linhas que podem virar desenhos, entre muitas outras coisas. <br />Caminhar é ver a criatividade que flui através das muitas coisas que nascem e crescem nos caminhos de alguém. Isto envolve uma maneira de fazer bem/bonito, ou melhor, suma ruray (suma: bom, bonito; ruray: fazer, em inga). Aprendi, com meus amigos, que territórios da existência se ampliam através do suma ruray, seja porque é desse modo que pessoas se fazem, ou porque é assim que se recorda aqueles que vieram de outros tempos, sejam antes ou depois (ñujpa, nos dois casos). Suma ruray é uma dimensão do suma kaugsay (bom/bonito viver), junto com suma yuyay (bom/bonito pensar). Também é como a terra se expande. <br />Mais do que arte, como conceberíamos no ocidente, a vida como um todo nasce e cresce a partir de um bonito fazer. Assim, uma obra pode se tornar uma erosão, que desfaz e refaz seu próprio lugar de aparição e existência.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43007650" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b1bf87d7c2bb8f08350a8827084e277f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63271742,"asset_id":43007650,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63271742/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27898841" href="https://usp-br.academia.edu/TatianaLotierzo">Tatiana Lotierzo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27898841" type="text/json">{"id":27898841,"first_name":"Tatiana","last_name":"Lotierzo","domain_name":"usp-br","page_name":"TatianaLotierzo","display_name":"Tatiana Lotierzo","profile_url":"https://usp-br.academia.edu/TatianaLotierzo?f_ri=3261","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43007650 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43007650"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43007650, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43007650", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_43007650 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43007650; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_43007650"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_43007650 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43007650"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43007650; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43007650]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43007650").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43007650").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43007650"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1236" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art">Art</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1236" type="text/json">{"id":1236,"name":"Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1751" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creativity">Creativity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1751" type="text/json">{"id":1751,"name":"Creativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creativity?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8331" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Knowledge">Indigenous Knowledge</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8331" type="text/json">{"id":8331,"name":"Indigenous Knowledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Knowledge?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43007650]'), work: {"id":43007650,"title":"Erosão num pedaço de papel","created_at":"2020-05-11T06:07:44.457-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43007650/Eros%C3%A3o_num_peda%C3%A7o_de_papel?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_43007650","summary":"Esta tese busca caminhar palavras sobre minhas aprendizagens com os artistas ingas Benjamín Jacanamijoy Tisoy, Carlos Jacanamijoy Tisoy, Kindi Llajtu, Rosa Tisoy Tandioy, Tirsa Taira Chindoy Chasoy e outros amigos, com especial destaque à yacha mamita Merceditas Tisoy de Jacanamijoy, em Bogotá e no Valle de Sibundoy, Colômbia. A palavra caminhar (purij) é usada com frequência por meus amigos, em referência à maneira com que tudo o que faz parte da existência possui um caminhar. Por meio de um caminhar, a criatividade flui e dá muitas coisas, como plantas e quadros. Assim, “caminhar palavras” é escrever como quem traça uma linha no papel e amarra um percurso por meio de um desenho, ou como quem tece, ou semeia a terra.\r\nUm caminhar se refere a atividades como passear e viajar pela terra; dedilhar fios de tecido na confecção de chumbes (uma faixa de lã desenhada, que se usa principalmente sobre o ventre, feito cinto) e outras prendas de vestir; semear e cuidar do crescimento das plantas; e seguir linhas que podem virar desenhos, entre muitas outras coisas.\r\nCaminhar é ver a criatividade que flui através das muitas coisas que nascem e crescem nos caminhos de alguém. Isto envolve uma maneira de fazer bem/bonito, ou melhor, suma ruray (suma: bom, bonito; ruray: fazer, em inga). Aprendi, com meus amigos, que territórios da existência se ampliam através do suma ruray, seja porque é desse modo que pessoas se fazem, ou porque é assim que se recorda aqueles que vieram de outros tempos, sejam antes ou depois (ñujpa, nos dois casos). Suma ruray é uma dimensão do suma kaugsay (bom/bonito viver), junto com suma yuyay (bom/bonito pensar). Também é como a terra se expande.\r\nMais do que arte, como conceberíamos no ocidente, a vida como um todo nasce e cresce a partir de um bonito fazer. Assim, uma obra pode se tornar uma erosão, que desfaz e refaz seu próprio lugar de aparição e existência.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63271742,"asset_id":43007650,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":27898841,"first_name":"Tatiana","last_name":"Lotierzo","domain_name":"usp-br","page_name":"TatianaLotierzo","display_name":"Tatiana Lotierzo","profile_url":"https://usp-br.academia.edu/TatianaLotierzo?f_ri=3261","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1236,"name":"Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":1751,"name":"Creativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creativity?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":8331,"name":"Indigenous Knowledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Knowledge?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":19495,"name":"Indigenous Peoples","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Peoples?f_ri=3261"},{"id":22099,"name":"Andes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Andes?f_ri=3261"},{"id":81880,"name":"Criatividade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criatividade?f_ri=3261"},{"id":95365,"name":"Quechua Language and Literatures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quechua_Language_and_Literatures?f_ri=3261"},{"id":141806,"name":"Creatividad","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creatividad?f_ri=3261"},{"id":350585,"name":"Pueblos indígenas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pueblos_ind%C3%ADgenas?f_ri=3261"},{"id":516981,"name":"Buen vivir","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Buen_vivir?f_ri=3261"},{"id":789690,"name":"Povos indigenas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Povos_indigenas-1?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50344341" data-work_id="50344341" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50344341/El_conservadurismo_en_Colombia_La_sombra_liberal_de_una_tradici%C3%B3n_ambigua_Santiago_P%C3%A9rez_Zapata">El conservadurismo en Colombia. La sombra liberal de una tradición ambigua - Santiago Pérez Zapata</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abstract: este ensayo analiza la trayectoria histórica del conservadurismo colombiano en algunos de sus momentos de mayor crisis doctrinal y política entre los siglos XIX y XX. Desde una perspectiva que cuestiona la visión historiográfica... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_50344341" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abstract: este ensayo analiza la trayectoria histórica del conservadurismo colombiano en algunos de sus momentos de mayor crisis doctrinal y política entre los siglos XIX y XX. Desde una perspectiva que cuestiona la visión historiográfica que tiende a dividir el espectro político en dos partidos opuestos (liberal y conservador) y con doctrinas aparentemente bien definidas, este trabajo se empeña en demostrar las raíces liberales del conservadurismo colombiano, así como en caracterizar las facciones que, dentro del partido conservador, intentaron establecer una línea política y doctrinal verdaderamente anti-liberal que, a su vez, implicó una guerra intestina entre las principales figuras del partido.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50344341" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6cfb521fdf2a40804f816232a8622680" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68366740,"asset_id":50344341,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68366740/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7214456" href="https://uniandes.academia.edu/SantiagoP%C3%A9rezZapata">Santiago Pérez Zapata</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7214456" type="text/json">{"id":7214456,"first_name":"Santiago","last_name":"Pérez Zapata","domain_name":"uniandes","page_name":"SantiagoPérezZapata","display_name":"Santiago Pérez Zapata","profile_url":"https://uniandes.academia.edu/SantiagoP%C3%A9rezZapata?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7214456/12860270/116318250/s65_santiago.p_rez_zapata.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50344341 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50344341"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50344341, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50344341", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_50344341 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50344341; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_50344341"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_50344341 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50344341"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50344341; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50344341]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_50344341").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_50344341").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="50344341"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2990" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geopolitics">Geopolitics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2990" type="text/json">{"id":2990,"name":"Geopolitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geopolitics?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5890" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservatism">Conservatism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5890" type="text/json">{"id":5890,"name":"Conservatism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservatism?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14357" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Traditionalism">Traditionalism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="14357" type="text/json">{"id":14357,"name":"Traditionalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Traditionalism?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=50344341]'), work: {"id":50344341,"title":"El conservadurismo en Colombia. La sombra liberal de una tradición ambigua - Santiago Pérez Zapata","created_at":"2021-07-28T19:33:15.661-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50344341/El_conservadurismo_en_Colombia_La_sombra_liberal_de_una_tradici%C3%B3n_ambigua_Santiago_P%C3%A9rez_Zapata?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_50344341","summary":"Abstract: este ensayo analiza la trayectoria histórica del conservadurismo colombiano en algunos de sus momentos de mayor crisis doctrinal y política entre los siglos XIX y XX. Desde una perspectiva que cuestiona la visión historiográfica que tiende a dividir el espectro político en dos partidos opuestos (liberal y conservador) y con doctrinas aparentemente bien definidas, este trabajo se empeña en demostrar las raíces liberales del conservadurismo colombiano, así como en caracterizar las facciones que, dentro del partido conservador, intentaron establecer una línea política y doctrinal verdaderamente anti-liberal que, a su vez, implicó una guerra intestina entre las principales figuras del partido.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68366740,"asset_id":50344341,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7214456,"first_name":"Santiago","last_name":"Pérez Zapata","domain_name":"uniandes","page_name":"SantiagoPérezZapata","display_name":"Santiago Pérez Zapata","profile_url":"https://uniandes.academia.edu/SantiagoP%C3%A9rezZapata?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7214456/12860270/116318250/s65_santiago.p_rez_zapata.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2990,"name":"Geopolitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geopolitics?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":5890,"name":"Conservatism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservatism?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":14357,"name":"Traditionalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Traditionalism?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":15262,"name":"Latin American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_History?f_ri=3261"},{"id":22319,"name":"Colombian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombian_History?f_ri=3261"},{"id":44618,"name":"Colombian Conflict","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombian_Conflict?f_ri=3261"},{"id":71829,"name":"Estudios sobre Violencia y Conflicto","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Estudios_sobre_Violencia_y_Conflicto?f_ri=3261"},{"id":77664,"name":"Comunismo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comunismo?f_ri=3261"},{"id":93300,"name":"Historia política y social siglos XIX y XX","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_politica_y_social_siglos_XIX_y_XX?f_ri=3261"},{"id":130397,"name":"Democracia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracia?f_ri=3261"},{"id":139802,"name":"Violencia Política","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Violencia_Pol%C3%ADtica?f_ri=3261"},{"id":146616,"name":"Liberalismo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liberalismo?f_ri=3261"},{"id":151257,"name":"Historia De Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_De_Colombia?f_ri=3261"},{"id":195481,"name":"Geopolítica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geopol%C3%ADtica?f_ri=3261"},{"id":356580,"name":"Fascismo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fascismo?f_ri=3261"},{"id":448311,"name":"Historia de las ideas políticas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_de_las_ideas_politicas?f_ri=3261"},{"id":482620,"name":"Catolicismo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catolicismo?f_ri=3261"},{"id":521977,"name":"Conservadurismo político","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservadurismo_politico?f_ri=3261"},{"id":564891,"name":"Historia Política","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_Pol%C3%ADtica?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30353696" data-work_id="30353696" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30353696/Precarious_Time_Morality_and_the_Republic_New_Granada_1818_1853">Precarious Time, Morality, and the Republic New Granada, 1818–1853</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Spanish American countries exhibited during the nineteenth century many of the features Koselleck associated with the Sattelzeit, the transitioning period into our contemporaneity. However, the region's history was marked by social... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30353696" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Spanish American countries exhibited during the nineteenth century many of the features Koselleck associated with the Sattelzeit, the transitioning period into our contemporaneity. However, the region's history was marked by social instability and political upheaval, and contemporaries referred to such experiences of time as precarious. In this article I explore the connection between this precarious time and the emergence of the sociopolitical concept of morality in New Granada (present-day Colombia) during the fi rst thirty -fi ve years of the republic (1818–1853). I focus on two conceptual moments as exemplifi ed by the refl ections put forth by Simón Bolívar (1783–1830), military and political leader of the independence period, and José Eusebio Caro (1817–1853), publicist, poet, and political ideologue of the Conservative Party.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30353696" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e959bf89c8b2ba497dc5946ac3d346b1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50806074,"asset_id":30353696,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50806074/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="92356" href="https://unal.academia.edu/FranciscoAOrtega">Francisco A . Ortega</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="92356" type="text/json">{"id":92356,"first_name":"Francisco","last_name":"Ortega","domain_name":"unal","page_name":"FranciscoAOrtega","display_name":"Francisco A . Ortega","profile_url":"https://unal.academia.edu/FranciscoAOrtega?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/92356/25629/23641/s65_francisco_a..ortega.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30353696 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30353696"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30353696, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30353696", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30353696 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30353696; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30353696"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30353696 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30353696"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30353696; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30353696]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30353696").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30353696").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30353696"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="388" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies">Latin American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="388" type="text/json">{"id":388,"name":"Latin American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1250" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_and_Caribbean_History">Latin American and Caribbean History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1250" type="text/json">{"id":1250,"name":"Latin American and Caribbean History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_and_Caribbean_History?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15262" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_History">Latin American History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15262" type="text/json">{"id":15262,"name":"Latin American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_History?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30353696]'), work: {"id":30353696,"title":"Precarious Time, Morality, and the Republic New Granada, 1818–1853","created_at":"2016-12-09T11:53:36.817-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30353696/Precarious_Time_Morality_and_the_Republic_New_Granada_1818_1853?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_30353696","summary":"Spanish American countries exhibited during the nineteenth century many of the features Koselleck associated with the Sattelzeit, the transitioning period into our contemporaneity. However, the region's history was marked by social instability and political upheaval, and contemporaries referred to such experiences of time as precarious. In this article I explore the connection between this precarious time and the emergence of the sociopolitical concept of morality in New Granada (present-day Colombia) during the fi rst thirty -fi ve years of the republic (1818–1853). I focus on two conceptual moments as exemplifi ed by the refl ections put forth by Simón Bolívar (1783–1830), military and political leader of the independence period, and José Eusebio Caro (1817–1853), publicist, poet, and political ideologue of the Conservative Party.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50806074,"asset_id":30353696,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":92356,"first_name":"Francisco","last_name":"Ortega","domain_name":"unal","page_name":"FranciscoAOrtega","display_name":"Francisco A . Ortega","profile_url":"https://unal.academia.edu/FranciscoAOrtega?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/92356/25629/23641/s65_francisco_a..ortega.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":388,"name":"Latin American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":1250,"name":"Latin American and Caribbean History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_and_Caribbean_History?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":15262,"name":"Latin American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_History?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":19332,"name":"19th Century (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/19th_Century_History_?f_ri=3261"},{"id":22319,"name":"Colombian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombian_History?f_ri=3261"},{"id":22399,"name":"Conceptual History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conceptual_History?f_ri=3261"},{"id":24416,"name":"19th Century Colombian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/19th_Century_Colombian_History?f_ri=3261"},{"id":26949,"name":"Phenomenology of Temporality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phenomenology_of_Temporality?f_ri=3261"},{"id":28038,"name":"Independence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Independence?f_ri=3261"},{"id":32663,"name":"Temporality (Time Studies)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temporality_Time_Studies_?f_ri=3261"},{"id":37039,"name":"Colombian Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombian_Literature?f_ri=3261"},{"id":48174,"name":"Temporality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temporality?f_ri=3261"},{"id":56989,"name":"Latin America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_America?f_ri=3261"},{"id":81334,"name":"Literatura colombiana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literatura_colombiana?f_ri=3261"},{"id":132874,"name":"Simon Bolivar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Simon_Bolivar?f_ri=3261"},{"id":151257,"name":"Historia De Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_De_Colombia?f_ri=3261"},{"id":159995,"name":"América Latina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Am%C3%A9rica_Latina?f_ri=3261"},{"id":688783,"name":"Independencia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Independencia?f_ri=3261"},{"id":979920,"name":"Bolivar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bolivar?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41114225 coauthored" data-work_id="41114225" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41114225/Orientaci%C3%B3n_normativa_del_sistema_de_seguridad_social_en_salud">Orientación normativa del sistema de seguridad social en salud</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">El Sistema de Seguridad Social en Salud en Colombia ha sido, desde sus inicios, objeto de profundos debates sobre su estructura y su funcionamiento. Con el paso del tiempo, se ha planteado la existencia de una crisis estructural desde... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41114225" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">El Sistema de Seguridad Social en Salud en Colombia ha<br />sido, desde sus inicios, objeto de profundos debates sobre<br />su estructura y su funcionamiento. Con el paso del tiempo,<br />se ha planteado la existencia de una crisis estructural desde<br />escenarios judiciales, políticos, académicos, sociales o, por<br />lo menos, la necesidad de reformas profundas que modifiquen<br />instituciones básicas del modelo. Como desarrollo de<br />las políticas del sistema, o como respuesta a los problemas<br />que presenta, se han expedido múltiples normas con la pretensión<br />de ajustarlo y subsanar las fallas de la atención en<br />salud, o bien como medio para aplicar un sistema complejo<br />y denso. En consecuencia, el sistema se ha caracterizado por<br />tener una regulación dispersa en gran cantidad de decretos,<br />resoluciones y circulares (y no tanto por instrumentos de nivel<br />legal), que hacen difícil la comprensión para la mayoría<br />de personas interesadas.<br />Este libro orienta sobre las principales normas que regulan<br />algunas de las instituciones y procedimientos del Sistema de<br />Seguridad Social en Salud en Colombia, con el objetivo de<br />que los pacientes, afiliados, organizaciones sociales, funcionarios<br />y en general los ciudadanos tengan claridad acerca de<br />sus derechos, deberes y relaciones jurídicas respecto a los<br />agentes que prestan y administran los servicios de salud.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41114225" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b36cb818cd55bb01f04a08550dbe17dc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61368385,"asset_id":41114225,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61368385/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="48586464" href="https://unal-co.academia.edu/Unijus">Unijus Instituto Unidad de Investigaciones Jurídico-Sociales Gerardo Molina</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="48586464" type="text/json">{"id":48586464,"first_name":"Unijus","last_name":"Instituto Unidad de Investigaciones Jurídico-Sociales Gerardo Molina","domain_name":"unal-co","page_name":"Unijus","display_name":"Unijus Instituto Unidad de Investigaciones Jurídico-Sociales Gerardo Molina","profile_url":"https://unal-co.academia.edu/Unijus?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/48586464/16513159/23792915/s65_unijus.instituto_unidad_de_investigaciones_jur_dico-sociales_gerardo_molina.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-41114225">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-41114225"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/DIANADELPILARCOLORADOACEVEDO">DIANA DEL PILAR COLORADO ACEVEDO</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-41114225'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-41114225').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41114225 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41114225"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41114225, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41114225", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_41114225 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41114225; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_41114225"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_41114225 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41114225"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41114225; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41114225]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41114225").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41114225").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41114225"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3956" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hospitality_Management">Hospitality Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3956" type="text/json">{"id":3956,"name":"Hospitality Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hospitality_Management?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5845" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Security_Law">Social Security Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5845" type="text/json">{"id":5845,"name":"Social Security Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Security_Law?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16288" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health">Public Health</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="16288" type="text/json">{"id":16288,"name":"Public Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41114225]'), work: {"id":41114225,"title":"Orientación normativa del sistema de seguridad social en salud","created_at":"2019-11-28T13:30:46.565-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41114225/Orientaci%C3%B3n_normativa_del_sistema_de_seguridad_social_en_salud?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_41114225","summary":"El Sistema de Seguridad Social en Salud en Colombia ha\nsido, desde sus inicios, objeto de profundos debates sobre\nsu estructura y su funcionamiento. Con el paso del tiempo,\nse ha planteado la existencia de una crisis estructural desde\nescenarios judiciales, políticos, académicos, sociales o, por\nlo menos, la necesidad de reformas profundas que modifiquen\ninstituciones básicas del modelo. Como desarrollo de\nlas políticas del sistema, o como respuesta a los problemas\nque presenta, se han expedido múltiples normas con la pretensión\nde ajustarlo y subsanar las fallas de la atención en\nsalud, o bien como medio para aplicar un sistema complejo\ny denso. En consecuencia, el sistema se ha caracterizado por\ntener una regulación dispersa en gran cantidad de decretos,\nresoluciones y circulares (y no tanto por instrumentos de nivel\nlegal), que hacen difícil la comprensión para la mayoría\nde personas interesadas.\nEste libro orienta sobre las principales normas que regulan\nalgunas de las instituciones y procedimientos del Sistema de\nSeguridad Social en Salud en Colombia, con el objetivo de\nque los pacientes, afiliados, organizaciones sociales, funcionarios\ny en general los ciudadanos tengan claridad acerca de\nsus derechos, deberes y relaciones jurídicas respecto a los\nagentes que prestan y administran los servicios de salud.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61368385,"asset_id":41114225,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":48586464,"first_name":"Unijus","last_name":"Instituto Unidad de Investigaciones Jurídico-Sociales Gerardo Molina","domain_name":"unal-co","page_name":"Unijus","display_name":"Unijus Instituto Unidad de Investigaciones Jurídico-Sociales Gerardo Molina","profile_url":"https://unal-co.academia.edu/Unijus?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/48586464/16513159/23792915/s65_unijus.instituto_unidad_de_investigaciones_jur_dico-sociales_gerardo_molina.png"},{"id":90092900,"first_name":"DIANA DEL PILAR COLORADO","last_name":"ACEVEDO","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DIANADELPILARCOLORADOACEVEDO","display_name":"DIANA DEL PILAR COLORADO ACEVEDO","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DIANADELPILARCOLORADOACEVEDO?f_ri=3261","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3956,"name":"Hospitality Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hospitality_Management?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":5845,"name":"Social Security Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Security_Law?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":16288,"name":"Public Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":16662,"name":"Health Reforms And Health Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Reforms_And_Health_Politics?f_ri=3261"},{"id":24624,"name":"Social Security","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Security?f_ri=3261"},{"id":46190,"name":"The Right to Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Right_to_Health?f_ri=3261"},{"id":144760,"name":"Seguridad Social","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seguridad_Social?f_ri=3261"},{"id":535707,"name":"Sistemas de salud","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sistemas_de_salud?f_ri=3261"},{"id":671552,"name":"Medicine and Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine_and_Politics?f_ri=3261"},{"id":849946,"name":"Atencion Primaria De La Salud","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atencion_Primaria_De_La_Salud-1?f_ri=3261"},{"id":863743,"name":"EPS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EPS?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1152047,"name":"Ciencia Política En Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ciencia_Politica_En_Colombia?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1162116,"name":"Clinics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinics?f_ri=3261"},{"id":2469090,"name":"Prestaciones sociales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prestaciones_sociales?f_ri=3261"},{"id":3008950,"name":"Instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instituciones_prestadoras_de_servicios_de_salud?f_ri=3261"},{"id":3467088,"name":"Normativa sanitaria ","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Normativa_sanitaria?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_76890262" data-work_id="76890262" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/76890262/Dise%C3%B1o_arquitect%C3%B3nico_para_las_transiciones_El_posAcuerdo_de_paz_en_Colombia">Diseño arquitectónico para las transiciones. El posAcuerdo de paz en Colombia</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Colombia está viviendo un proceso de transición iniciado a finales de 2016 con la firma del Acuerdo de paz, que puso fin a un conflicto armado de más de 60 años. En el marco de ese proceso se han producido proyectos de arquitectura... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_76890262" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Colombia está viviendo un proceso de transición iniciado a finales de 2016 con la firma del Acuerdo de paz, que puso fin a un conflicto armado de más de 60 años. En el marco de ese proceso se han producido proyectos de arquitectura encaminados a la reparación individual y colectiva de las víctimas, la reincorporación de los exguerrilleros y al buen vivir de comunidades locales. Este artículo presenta parámetros de diseño arquitectónico elaborados por medio de los hallazgos en campo y la revisión de prácticas de diseño relacionadas con la transición. Estos permitirán la revisión de los proyectos arquitectónicos generados en ese escenario y la base para la generación de lineamientos de diseño para los diferentes contextos. El estudio permite concluir la responsabilidad emergente de la arquitectura en el proceso transicional de construcción de la paz en Colombia y la necesidad de diseñar herramientas para su aporte efectivo a este proceso.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/76890262" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="80d9d19b2826efc8ac37b5fd60de7995" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":84436827,"asset_id":76890262,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84436827/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="114011928" href="https://unal.academia.edu/RevistaBit%C3%A1coraUrbanoTerritorial">Revista Bitácora Urbano Territorial</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="114011928" type="text/json">{"id":114011928,"first_name":"Revista Bitácora","last_name":"Urbano Territorial","domain_name":"unal","page_name":"RevistaBitácoraUrbanoTerritorial","display_name":"Revista Bitácora Urbano Territorial","profile_url":"https://unal.academia.edu/RevistaBit%C3%A1coraUrbanoTerritorial?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/114011928/27374401/118979839/s65_revista_bit_cora.urbano_territorial.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_76890262 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="76890262"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 76890262, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_76890262", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_76890262 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 76890262; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_76890262"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_76890262 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="76890262"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 76890262; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=76890262]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_76890262").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_76890262").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="76890262"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38712" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Peacebuilding">Sustainable Peacebuilding</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="38712" type="text/json">{"id":38712,"name":"Sustainable Peacebuilding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Peacebuilding?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="61738" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Design">Architectural Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="61738" type="text/json">{"id":61738,"name":"Architectural Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Design?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="205006" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Habitats">Habitats</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="205006" type="text/json">{"id":205006,"name":"Habitats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Habitats?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=76890262]'), work: {"id":76890262,"title":"Diseño arquitectónico para las transiciones. El posAcuerdo de paz en Colombia","created_at":"2022-04-18T20:21:34.870-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/76890262/Dise%C3%B1o_arquitect%C3%B3nico_para_las_transiciones_El_posAcuerdo_de_paz_en_Colombia?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_76890262","summary":"Colombia está viviendo un proceso de transición iniciado a finales de 2016 con la firma del Acuerdo de paz, que puso fin a un conflicto armado de más de 60 años. En el marco de ese proceso se han producido proyectos de arquitectura encaminados a la reparación individual y colectiva de las víctimas, la reincorporación de los exguerrilleros y al buen vivir de comunidades locales. Este artículo presenta parámetros de diseño arquitectónico elaborados por medio de los hallazgos en campo y la revisión de prácticas de diseño relacionadas con la transición. Estos permitirán la revisión de los proyectos arquitectónicos generados en ese escenario y la base para la generación de lineamientos de diseño para los diferentes contextos. El estudio permite concluir la responsabilidad emergente de la arquitectura en el proceso transicional de construcción de la paz en Colombia y la necesidad de diseñar herramientas para su aporte efectivo a este proceso.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84436827,"asset_id":76890262,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":114011928,"first_name":"Revista Bitácora","last_name":"Urbano Territorial","domain_name":"unal","page_name":"RevistaBitácoraUrbanoTerritorial","display_name":"Revista Bitácora Urbano Territorial","profile_url":"https://unal.academia.edu/RevistaBit%C3%A1coraUrbanoTerritorial?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/114011928/27374401/118979839/s65_revista_bit_cora.urbano_territorial.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":38712,"name":"Sustainable Peacebuilding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Peacebuilding?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":61738,"name":"Architectural Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Design?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":205006,"name":"Habitats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Habitats?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":659736,"name":"Diseño Arquitectonico","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dise%C3%B1o_Arquitectonico?f_ri=3261"},{"id":2411216,"name":"Acuerdos de Paz en Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acuerdos_de_Paz_en_Colombia?f_ri=3261"},{"id":3412462,"name":"Consolidación de paz","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consolidaci%C3%B3n_de_paz?f_ri=3261"},{"id":3781577,"name":"Peace Agreement - Colombia. ","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_Agreement_Colombia?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_46237479" data-work_id="46237479" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/46237479/Movimientos_Sociales_y_represi%C3%B3n_policial_Bogot%C3%A1_Colombia">Movimientos Sociales y represión policial. Bogotá-Colombia</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">La propuesta investigativa da cuenta del impacto que generan los movimientos sociales en épocas donde la represión policial en Colombia y mas exactamente en Bogotá han incrementado de manera dramática, observando mayores casos de... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_46237479" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">La propuesta investigativa da cuenta del impacto que generan los movimientos sociales en épocas donde la represión policial en Colombia y mas exactamente en Bogotá han incrementado de manera dramática, observando mayores casos de brutalidad policial sobre los ciudadanos que manifiestan su descontento con las medidas adoptadas por el actual gobierno. Así mismo, la metodología abarco diferentes medios para juntar información como lo fue el análisis de la cobertura de los medios El tiempo y el Espectador como también una entrevista semi estructurada aplicada en las diferentes zonas que conforman Bogotá. En los resultados, se observa mayor descontento y desconfianza frente a la institución policial y en el análisis de contenido se concluye que los medios analizados no cubren la noticia con neutralidad, sino que por el contrario vandaliza los movimientos sociales y les restan importancia al impacto que se pretende obtener.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/46237479" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="afc5ba633930710fdac523857ff37494" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66219774,"asset_id":46237479,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66219774/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="71699254" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SthefanyJauregui">Sthefany Jauregui</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="71699254" type="text/json">{"id":71699254,"first_name":"Sthefany","last_name":"Jauregui","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SthefanyJauregui","display_name":"Sthefany Jauregui","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SthefanyJauregui?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/71699254/23820643/41367660/s65_sthefany.jauregui.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_46237479 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="46237479"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 46237479, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_46237479", }); 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En los resultados, se observa mayor descontento y desconfianza frente a la institución policial y en el análisis de contenido se concluye que los medios analizados no cubren la noticia con neutralidad, sino que por el contrario vandaliza los movimientos sociales y les restan importancia al impacto que se pretende obtener. 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Mirales","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AMirales?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6196989/5401845/6164038/s65_alonso.mirales.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":5071,"name":"Genetic Toxicology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Toxicology?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":9113,"name":"Cell Cycle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Cycle?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":22050,"name":"Cytotoxicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cytotoxicity?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":33760,"name":"Environmental Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Biotechnology?f_ri=3261"},{"id":52972,"name":"Insecticides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Insecticides?f_ri=3261"},{"id":72821,"name":"Low 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u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7154935" data-work_id="7154935" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7154935/Diplomacia_Comercial_Pol%C3%ADtica_Exterior_Colombiana_al_Asia_2009_Revista_de_Amistad_Colombo_China">Diplomacia Comercial Política Exterior Colombiana al Asia. 2009. Revista de Amistad Colombo-China </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7154935" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f00ed93c5ae6a31a1125ba30f33b264b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33788424,"asset_id":7154935,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33788424/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11341151" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JorgeUribeRoldan">Jorge Uribe Roldan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11341151" type="text/json">{"id":11341151,"first_name":"Jorge","last_name":"Uribe Roldan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JorgeUribeRoldan","display_name":"Jorge Uribe Roldan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JorgeUribeRoldan?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11341151/3539323/14590618/s65_jorge.uribe_roldan.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7154935 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7154935"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7154935, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7154935", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7154935]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7154935").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7154935").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7154935"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1031" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southeast_Asian_Studies">Southeast Asian Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1031" type="text/json">{"id":1031,"name":"Southeast Asian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southeast_Asian_Studies?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3180" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Trade">International Trade</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3180" type="text/json">{"id":3180,"name":"International Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Trade?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3742" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Diplomacy">Public Diplomacy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3742" type="text/json">{"id":3742,"name":"Public Diplomacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Diplomacy?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7154935]'), work: {"id":7154935,"title":"Diplomacia Comercial Política Exterior Colombiana al Asia. 2009. Revista de Amistad Colombo-China ","created_at":"2014-05-25T13:19:12.519-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7154935/Diplomacia_Comercial_Pol%C3%ADtica_Exterior_Colombiana_al_Asia_2009_Revista_de_Amistad_Colombo_China?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_7154935","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33788424,"asset_id":7154935,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11341151,"first_name":"Jorge","last_name":"Uribe Roldan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JorgeUribeRoldan","display_name":"Jorge Uribe Roldan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JorgeUribeRoldan?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11341151/3539323/14590618/s65_jorge.uribe_roldan.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1031,"name":"Southeast Asian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southeast_Asian_Studies?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3180,"name":"International Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Trade?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3742,"name":"Public Diplomacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Diplomacy?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":313371,"name":"Diplomacy and international relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diplomacy_and_international_relations?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_77364372" data-work_id="77364372" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/77364372/Economic_Impact_of_a_Peritoneal_Dialysis_Continuous_Quality_Improvement_Program_in_Colombia">Economic Impact of a Peritoneal Dialysis Continuous Quality Improvement Program in Colombia</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">♦ Background: There is little information regarding the financial burden of peritonitis and the economic impact of continuous quality improvement (CQI) programs in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. The objectives of this study were to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_77364372" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">♦ Background: There is little information regarding the financial burden of peritonitis and the economic impact of continuous quality improvement (CQI) programs in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. The objectives of this study were to measure the costs of peritonitis, and determine the net savings of a PD CQI program in Colombia. ♦ Methods: The Renal Therapy Services (RTS) network in Colombia, along with Coomeva EPS, provided healthcare resource utilization data for PD patients with and without peritonitis between January 2012 and December 2013. Propensity score matching and regression analysis were performed to estimate the incremental cost of peritonitis. Patient months at risk, episodes of peritonitis pre- and post-CQI, and costs of CQI were obtained. Annual net savings of the CQI program were estimated based on the number of peritonitis events prevented. ♦ Results: The incremental cost of a peritonitis episode was $250. In an 8-year period, peritonitis decreased from 1,837 epis...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/77364372" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="29bb226215ebbc99b42bf00f144fbaf8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":84755618,"asset_id":77364372,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84755618/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31960656" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SurreyWalton">Surrey Walton</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31960656" type="text/json">{"id":31960656,"first_name":"Surrey","last_name":"Walton","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SurreyWalton","display_name":"Surrey Walton","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SurreyWalton?f_ri=3261","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_77364372 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="77364372"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77364372, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_77364372", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77364372]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_77364372").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_77364372").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="77364372"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="202" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Program_Evaluation">Program Evaluation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="202" type="text/json">{"id":202,"name":"Program Evaluation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Program_Evaluation?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9745" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_Improvement">Quality Improvement</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9745" type="text/json">{"id":9745,"name":"Quality Improvement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_Improvement?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64568" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans">Humans</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="64568" type="text/json">{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=77364372]'), work: {"id":77364372,"title":"Economic Impact of a Peritoneal Dialysis Continuous Quality Improvement Program in Colombia","created_at":"2022-04-23T07:43:11.724-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/77364372/Economic_Impact_of_a_Peritoneal_Dialysis_Continuous_Quality_Improvement_Program_in_Colombia?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_77364372","summary":"♦ Background: There is little information regarding the financial burden of peritonitis and the economic impact of continuous quality improvement (CQI) programs in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. The objectives of this study were to measure the costs of peritonitis, and determine the net savings of a PD CQI program in Colombia. ♦ Methods: The Renal Therapy Services (RTS) network in Colombia, along with Coomeva EPS, provided healthcare resource utilization data for PD patients with and without peritonitis between January 2012 and December 2013. Propensity score matching and regression analysis were performed to estimate the incremental cost of peritonitis. Patient months at risk, episodes of peritonitis pre- and post-CQI, and costs of CQI were obtained. Annual net savings of the CQI program were estimated based on the number of peritonitis events prevented. ♦ Results: The incremental cost of a peritonitis episode was $250. In an 8-year period, peritonitis decreased from 1,837 epis...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84755618,"asset_id":77364372,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31960656,"first_name":"Surrey","last_name":"Walton","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SurreyWalton","display_name":"Surrey Walton","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SurreyWalton?f_ri=3261","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":202,"name":"Program Evaluation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Program_Evaluation?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":9745,"name":"Quality Improvement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_Improvement?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female?f_ri=3261"},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male?f_ri=3261"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=3261"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=3261"},{"id":295155,"name":"Middle Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Aged?f_ri=3261"},{"id":382075,"name":"Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult?f_ri=3261"},{"id":447741,"name":"Peritoneal Dialysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peritoneal_Dialysis?f_ri=3261"},{"id":457859,"name":"Cost Benefit Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cost_Benefit_Analysis?f_ri=3261"},{"id":469105,"name":"Retrospective Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retrospective_Studies?f_ri=3261"},{"id":648040,"name":"Peritonitis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peritonitis?f_ri=3261"},{"id":906536,"name":"Health Care Costs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Care_Costs?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1106287,"name":"Chronic Kidney Failure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chronic_Kidney_Failure?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1819400,"name":"Cohort Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cohort_Studies?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31550930" data-work_id="31550930" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31550930/The_relative_influence_of_the_community_and_the_health_system_on_work_performance_a_case_study_of_community_health_workers_in_Colombia">The relative influence of the community and the health system on work performance: a case study of community health workers in Colombia</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A central component of the primary health care approach in developing countries has been the development and utilization of community-based health workers (CHWs) within the national health system. While the use of these front line workers... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31550930" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A central component of the primary health care approach in developing countries has been the development and utilization of community-based health workers (CHWs) within the national health system. While the use of these front line workers has the potential to positively influence health behavior and health status in rural communities, there continues to be challenges to effective implementation of CHW programs. Reports of high turnover rates, absenteeism, poor quality of work, and low morale among CHWs have often been associated with weak organizational and managerial capacity of government health systems. However, no systematic research has examined the contribution of work-related factors to CHW job performance. The research reported in this paper examines the relative influence of reward and feedback factors associated with the community compared to those associated with the health system on the performance of CHWs. The data are drawn from a broader study of health promoters (CHW...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31550930" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3bb7245d24637c6ba26f9066fe1688fa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51890300,"asset_id":31550930,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51890300/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="60331710" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SheilaRobinson2">Sheila Robinson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="60331710" type="text/json">{"id":60331710,"first_name":"Sheila","last_name":"Robinson","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SheilaRobinson2","display_name":"Sheila Robinson","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SheilaRobinson2?f_ri=3261","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31550930 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31550930"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31550930, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31550930", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_31550930 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31550930; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_31550930"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_31550930 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="31550930"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31550930; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31550930]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31550930").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31550930").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31550930"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">34</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management">Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="38" type="text/json">{"id":38,"name":"Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology">Sociology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="767" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology">Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="767" type="text/json">{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="981" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Promotion">Health Promotion</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="981" type="text/json">{"id":981,"name":"Health Promotion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Promotion?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31550930]'), work: {"id":31550930,"title":"The relative influence of the community and the health system on work performance: a case study of community health workers in Colombia","created_at":"2017-02-21T15:44:29.319-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31550930/The_relative_influence_of_the_community_and_the_health_system_on_work_performance_a_case_study_of_community_health_workers_in_Colombia?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_31550930","summary":"A central component of the primary health care approach in developing countries has been the development and utilization of community-based health workers (CHWs) within the national health system. While the use of these front line workers has the potential to positively influence health behavior and health status in rural communities, there continues to be challenges to effective implementation of CHW programs. Reports of high turnover rates, absenteeism, poor quality of work, and low morale among CHWs have often been associated with weak organizational and managerial capacity of government health systems. However, no systematic research has examined the contribution of work-related factors to CHW job performance. The research reported in this paper examines the relative influence of reward and feedback factors associated with the community compared to those associated with the health system on the performance of CHWs. The data are drawn from a broader study of health promoters (CHW...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51890300,"asset_id":31550930,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":60331710,"first_name":"Sheila","last_name":"Robinson","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SheilaRobinson2","display_name":"Sheila Robinson","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SheilaRobinson2?f_ri=3261","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":38,"name":"Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":981,"name":"Health Promotion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Promotion?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":1048,"name":"Health Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Behavior?f_ri=3261"},{"id":2974,"name":"Primary Health Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primary_Health_Care?f_ri=3261"},{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261"},{"id":4965,"name":"Performance Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performance_Management?f_ri=3261"},{"id":14238,"name":"Survey Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survey_Research?f_ri=3261"},{"id":48423,"name":"Social Science \u0026 Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_and_Medicine?f_ri=3261"},{"id":49021,"name":"Reward","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reward?f_ri=3261"},{"id":51667,"name":"Community Health Workers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Community_Health_Workers?f_ri=3261"},{"id":56691,"name":"Rural Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rural_Health?f_ri=3261"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=3261"},{"id":70854,"name":"Developing Country","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developing_Country?f_ri=3261"},{"id":83471,"name":"Health Services","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Services?f_ri=3261"},{"id":87272,"name":"Work","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Work?f_ri=3261"},{"id":96047,"name":"Case Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Study?f_ri=3261"},{"id":137633,"name":"Feedback","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feedback?f_ri=3261"},{"id":163028,"name":"Personnel Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Personnel_Management?f_ri=3261"},{"id":232534,"name":"Health Status","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Status?f_ri=3261"},{"id":245969,"name":"Health System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_System?f_ri=3261"},{"id":331975,"name":"Job Performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Job_Performance?f_ri=3261"},{"id":343667,"name":"Theoretical Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Models?f_ri=3261"},{"id":352837,"name":"Positive Affect","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Positive_Affect?f_ri=3261"},{"id":398499,"name":"Random sampling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Random_sampling?f_ri=3261"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=3261"},{"id":510125,"name":"Work Performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Work_Performance?f_ri=3261"},{"id":653722,"name":"Rural Community","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rural_Community?f_ri=3261"},{"id":836587,"name":"Health Workers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Workers?f_ri=3261"},{"id":999722,"name":"Perceived Value","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perceived_Value?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1144102,"name":"Task Performance and Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Task_Performance_and_Analysis?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1154248,"name":"Theoretical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Model?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1168841,"name":"National Health System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/National_Health_System?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_79447578" data-work_id="79447578" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79447578/Consensus_Based_Palliative_Care_Competencies_for_Undergraduate_Nurses_and_Physicians_A_Demonstrative_Process_with_Colombian_Universities">Consensus-Based Palliative Care Competencies for Undergraduate Nurses and Physicians: A Demonstrative Process with Colombian Universities</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/79447578" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="90be9ec90f11cf42bd06b218ce6dd0d1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":86159344,"asset_id":79447578,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86159344/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33103930" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LilianaLima3">Liliana De Lima</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33103930" type="text/json">{"id":33103930,"first_name":"Liliana","last_name":"De Lima","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LilianaLima3","display_name":"Liliana De Lima","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LilianaLima3?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33103930/15241113/15913232/s65_liliana.de_lima.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_79447578 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="79447578"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 79447578, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_79447578", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_79447578 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 79447578; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_79447578"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_79447578 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="79447578"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 79447578; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=79447578]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_79447578").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_79447578").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="79447578"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="588" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nursing">Nursing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="588" type="text/json">{"id":588,"name":"Nursing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nursing?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" 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Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=3261"},{"id":256112,"name":"Hospice Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hospice_Care?f_ri=3261"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=3261"},{"id":704648,"name":"Clinical Competence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Competence?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_72512519" data-work_id="72512519" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/72512519/Network_Analysis_of_Bogot%C3%A1s_Ciclov%C3%ADa_Recreativa_a_Self_Organized_Multisectorial_Community_Program_to_Promote_Physical_Activity_in_a_Middle_Income_Country">Network Analysis of Bogotá's Ciclovía Recreativa, a Self-Organized Multisectorial Community Program to Promote Physical Activity in a Middle-Income Country</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Purpose. Conduct a social network analysis of the health and non–health related organizations that participate in Bogotá&#39;s Ciclovía Recreativa (Ciclovía). Design. Cross-sectional study. Setting. Ciclovía is a multisectoral... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_72512519" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Purpose. Conduct a social network analysis of the health and non–health related organizations that participate in Bogotá&#39;s Ciclovía Recreativa (Ciclovía). Design. Cross-sectional study. Setting. Ciclovía is a multisectoral community-based mass program in which streets are temporarily closed to motorized transport, allowing exclusive access to individuals for leisure activities and physical activity. Subjects. Twenty-five organizations that participate in the Ciclovía. Measures. Seven variables were examined by using network analytic methods: relationship, link attributes (integration, contact, and importance), and node attributes (leadership, years in the program, and the sector of the organization). Analysis. The network analytic methods were based on a visual descriptive analysis and an exponential random graph model. Results. Analysis shows that the most central organizations in the network were outside of the Health sector and include Sports and Recreation, Government, and S...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/72512519" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0018b25b375ffe24779586b569b45004" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81410895,"asset_id":72512519,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81410895/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="97123464" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JuanValdivia23">Juan Valdivia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="97123464" type="text/json">{"id":97123464,"first_name":"Juan","last_name":"Valdivia","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JuanValdivia23","display_name":"Juan Valdivia","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JuanValdivia23?f_ri=3261","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_72512519 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="72512519"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 72512519, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_72512519", }); 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Analysis shows that the most central organizations in the network were outside of the Health sector and include Sports and Recreation, Government, and S...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81410895,"asset_id":72512519,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":97123464,"first_name":"Juan","last_name":"Valdivia","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JuanValdivia23","display_name":"Juan Valdivia","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JuanValdivia23?f_ri=3261","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":981,"name":"Health Promotion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Promotion?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":43131,"name":"Stochastic processes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stochastic_processes?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":343667,"name":"Theoretical Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Models?f_ri=3261"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=3261"},{"id":496530,"name":"Community Networks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Community_Networks?f_ri=3261"},{"id":508371,"name":"Curriculum and Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Curriculum_and_Pedagogy?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1238821,"name":"Community Based Mental Health Services","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Community_Based_Mental_Health_Services?f_ri=3261"},{"id":2246318,"name":"Motor activity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Motor_activity?f_ri=3261"},{"id":3516057,"name":"Community health services","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Community_health_services?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_64506637" data-work_id="64506637" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/64506637/The_Complete_Sequence_of_the_First_Spodoptera_frugiperda_Betabaculovirus_Genome_A_Natural_Multiple_Recombinant_Virus">The Complete Sequence of the First Spodoptera frugiperda Betabaculovirus Genome: A Natural Multiple Recombinant Virus</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/64506637" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c41ac93eb79bbf7f951bf8b2f70050e2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":76511403,"asset_id":64506637,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/76511403/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="117755515" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GloriaBarrera10">Gloria Barrera</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="117755515" type="text/json">{"id":117755515,"first_name":"Gloria","last_name":"Barrera","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GloriaBarrera10","display_name":"Gloria Barrera","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GloriaBarrera10?f_ri=3261","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_64506637 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="64506637"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 64506637, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_64506637", }); 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HIRAM BINGHAM. Traducción y Edición de Ignacio Ruiz Martínez</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Ediciones del Traductor se complace en presentarles, traducido al español, el primer libro que escribió el profesor Hiram Bingham. En 1905, Bingham trabajaba como tutor en la Universidad de Princeton, y preparaba una tesis sobre las... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_50788182" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Ediciones del Traductor se complace en presentarles, traducido al español, el primer libro que escribió el profesor Hiram Bingham. En 1905, Bingham trabajaba como tutor en la Universidad de Princeton, y preparaba una tesis sobre las biografías de San Martín y Bolívar. Pero su impulso aventurero le empujaba hacia aventuras más reales que sentarse en una biblioteca y expurgar los escasos documentos existentes sobre la Historia hispanoamericana. Un día, Bingham conoció fortuitamente a Hamilton Rice . Rice, médico graduado de Yale, disponía de fortuna propia que le había permitido realizar ya varios viajes por el continente sudamericano, lo que le convertía, a ojos de Bingham, en un experimentado explorador. Cuando el inquieto profesor le expuso sus planes de realizar algún viaje por Sudamérica, aún sin concretar, Rice le animó a cruzar los Andes que separaban Venezuela de Colombia. Si se decidía, él le acompañaría. Estudioso de las guerras de independencia sudamericanas, Bingham conocía la existencia de la famosa marcha que protagonizó en 1819 el ejército patriota a través de los Llanos venezolanos y los Andes colombianos para enfrentarse y derrotar al ejército realista en Colombia. Seguir esta difícil ruta era la excusa perfecta para justificar la aventura. Calcularon que necesitarían cuatro meses, y Bingham se entusiasmó ante la perspectiva de pasar de oscuro profesor universitario a un potencialmente famoso explorador. Bingham tuvo que recurrir a la fortuna de su mujer (sus padres eran los fundadores y dueños de la famosa joyería Tiffany) para financiar el viaje. En diciembre de 1906 llegó al puerto de La Guaira en Venezuela. En Caracas se le unió su amigo Rice. Después de pasar un par de semanas en Caracas, comenzó la expedición real. A lo largo de casi seis meses (dos más de los inicialmente planeados), los dos americanos se enfrentaron no solo a las dificultades orográficas y climatológicas sino también a la permanente sospecha que despertaba su presencia en tan apartados parajes. Panamá acababa de independizarse de Colombia y había muchos rumores sobre la posible intervención de los Estados Unidos en la zona. Nadie en Venezuela estaba dispuesto a creer que semejante expedición estaba financiada por los dos aventureros sin más finalidad que la meramente científica y exploratoria, y la existencia de cartas de presentación de altos funcionarios del Gobierno de los Estados Unidos para los presidentes de Venezuela y Colombia no hacía más que acrecentar la sospecha de que eran en realidad militares o espías. En enero de 1907 partieron los dos americanos junto con dos negros caribeños contratados en Caracas, primero en ferrocarril hasta Valencia y luego, ya, a lomos de mulas, se dirigieron hacia los famosos Llanos venezolanos.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50788182" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b5203e8bda9055bf157586edde577c36" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68655340,"asset_id":50788182,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68655340/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="99141383" href="https://independent.academia.edu/iruizmartinez">ignacio ruiz martinez</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="99141383" type="text/json">{"id":99141383,"first_name":"ignacio","last_name":"ruiz martinez","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"iruizmartinez","display_name":"ignacio ruiz martinez","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/iruizmartinez?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/99141383/49092276/37061615/s65_ignacio.ruiz_martinez.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50788182 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50788182"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50788182, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50788182", }); 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HIRAM BINGHAM. Traducción y Edición de Ignacio Ruiz Martínez","created_at":"2021-08-08T03:17:26.902-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50788182/DIARIO_DE_UNA_EXPEDICION_A_TRAV%C3%89S_DE_VENEZUELA_Y_COLOMBIA_HIRAM_BINGHAM_Traducci%C3%B3n_y_Edici%C3%B3n_de_Ignacio_Ruiz_Mart%C3%ADnez?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_50788182","summary":"Ediciones del Traductor se complace en presentarles, traducido al español, el primer libro que escribió el profesor Hiram Bingham. En 1905, Bingham trabajaba como tutor en la Universidad de Princeton, y preparaba una tesis sobre las biografías de San Martín y Bolívar. Pero su impulso aventurero le empujaba hacia aventuras más reales que sentarse en una biblioteca y expurgar los escasos documentos existentes sobre la Historia hispanoamericana. Un día, Bingham conoció fortuitamente a Hamilton Rice . Rice, médico graduado de Yale, disponía de fortuna propia que le había permitido realizar ya varios viajes por el continente sudamericano, lo que le convertía, a ojos de Bingham, en un experimentado explorador. Cuando el inquieto profesor le expuso sus planes de realizar algún viaje por Sudamérica, aún sin concretar, Rice le animó a cruzar los Andes que separaban Venezuela de Colombia. Si se decidía, él le acompañaría. Estudioso de las guerras de independencia sudamericanas, Bingham conocía la existencia de la famosa marcha que protagonizó en 1819 el ejército patriota a través de los Llanos venezolanos y los Andes colombianos para enfrentarse y derrotar al ejército realista en Colombia. Seguir esta difícil ruta era la excusa perfecta para justificar la aventura. Calcularon que necesitarían cuatro meses, y Bingham se entusiasmó ante la perspectiva de pasar de oscuro profesor universitario a un potencialmente famoso explorador. Bingham tuvo que recurrir a la fortuna de su mujer (sus padres eran los fundadores y dueños de la famosa joyería Tiffany) para financiar el viaje. En diciembre de 1906 llegó al puerto de La Guaira en Venezuela. En Caracas se le unió su amigo Rice. Después de pasar un par de semanas en Caracas, comenzó la expedición real. A lo largo de casi seis meses (dos más de los inicialmente planeados), los dos americanos se enfrentaron no solo a las dificultades orográficas y climatológicas sino también a la permanente sospecha que despertaba su presencia en tan apartados parajes. Panamá acababa de independizarse de Colombia y había muchos rumores sobre la posible intervención de los Estados Unidos en la zona. Nadie en Venezuela estaba dispuesto a creer que semejante expedición estaba financiada por los dos aventureros sin más finalidad que la meramente científica y exploratoria, y la existencia de cartas de presentación de altos funcionarios del Gobierno de los Estados Unidos para los presidentes de Venezuela y Colombia no hacía más que acrecentar la sospecha de que eran en realidad militares o espías. En enero de 1907 partieron los dos americanos junto con dos negros caribeños contratados en Caracas, primero en ferrocarril hasta Valencia y luego, ya, a lomos de mulas, se dirigieron hacia los famosos Llanos venezolanos.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68655340,"asset_id":50788182,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":99141383,"first_name":"ignacio","last_name":"ruiz martinez","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"iruizmartinez","display_name":"ignacio ruiz martinez","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/iruizmartinez?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/99141383/49092276/37061615/s65_ignacio.ruiz_martinez.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":11969,"name":"Venezuela","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Venezuela?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":132874,"name":"Simon Bolivar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Simon_Bolivar?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":2242696,"name":"viajeros del siglo XX","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/viajeros_del_siglo_XX?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43246624" data-work_id="43246624" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43246624/Colombia_un_futuro_dirigido_al_pasado">Colombia un futuro dirigido al pasado</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Articulo de opinión sobre Colombia, los lideres sociales y el recrudecimiento de los múltiples conflictos "Vamos a hablar del pasado, o mejor dicho del presente. De un presente-pasado que recorre América Latina a partir de golpes de... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43246624" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Articulo de opinión sobre Colombia, los lideres sociales y el recrudecimiento de los múltiples conflictos<br />"Vamos a hablar del pasado, o mejor dicho del presente. De un presente-pasado que recorre América Latina a partir de golpes de Estado (blandos y duros), intervenciones extranjeras, de guerras, de guerrillas, de paramilitarismo, de racismo, y sobre todo de asesinatos sistemáticos. Para ello pondremos el ojo en Colombia."</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43246624" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8f5039c40c912d63fd38b96b75fffb71" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63517213,"asset_id":43246624,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63517213/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="44757022" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PabloMu%C3%B1oz72">Pablo Muñoz Rojo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="44757022" type="text/json">{"id":44757022,"first_name":"Pablo","last_name":"Muñoz Rojo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PabloMuñoz72","display_name":"Pablo Muñoz Rojo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PabloMu%C3%B1oz72?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/44757022/11892854/36755761/s65_pablo.mu_oz_rojo.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43246624 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43246624"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43246624, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43246624", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43246624]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43246624").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43246624").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43246624"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="878538" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proceso_De_Paz_En_Colombia">Proceso De Paz En Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="878538" type="text/json">{"id":878538,"name":"Proceso De Paz En Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proceso_De_Paz_En_Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1152047" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ciencia_Politica_En_Colombia">Ciencia Política En Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1152047" type="text/json">{"id":1152047,"name":"Ciencia Política En Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ciencia_Politica_En_Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1194299" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Postconflicto_Colombiano">Postconflicto Colombiano</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1194299" type="text/json">{"id":1194299,"name":"Postconflicto Colombiano","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Postconflicto_Colombiano?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43246624]'), work: {"id":43246624,"title":"Colombia un futuro dirigido al pasado","created_at":"2020-06-03T09:20:12.214-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43246624/Colombia_un_futuro_dirigido_al_pasado?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_43246624","summary":"Articulo de opinión sobre Colombia, los lideres sociales y el recrudecimiento de los múltiples conflictos\n\"Vamos a hablar del pasado, o mejor dicho del presente. 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type="text/json">{"id":3855,"name":"Polymorphism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4313" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Flow">Gene Flow</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4313" type="text/json">{"id":4313,"name":"Gene Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Flow?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4527" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Africa">Africa</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4527" type="text/json">{"id":4527,"name":"Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Africa?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6356205]'), work: {"id":6356205,"title":"Autosomal, mtDNA, and Y-Chromosome Diversity in Amerinds: Pre and Post-Columbian Patterns of 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neoformans in bird excreta in the city zoo of Cali, Colombia</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The presence of Cryptococcus neoformans was studied in bird excreta and in the air circulating in and around bird cages in the City Zoo of Cali, Colombia, between August 1994 and April 1995, using a sunflower seed agar culture medium for... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10181192" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The presence of Cryptococcus neoformans was studied in bird excreta and in the air circulating in and around bird cages in the City Zoo of Cali, Colombia, between August 1994 and April 1995, using a sunflower seed agar culture medium for fungus isolation. A total of 380 samples was studied, 110 from droppings and 270 from Petri dishes placed inside(148) and outside (122) the cages. C. neoformansvar neoformans was found in only two cases, one from bird excreta (0.9%) and the other from air inside a cage (0.7%). The former positive sample was collected from the cracks of a dead tree where two crested caracaras (Polyborusplancus) roosted; the feces were dry, accumulated,and with a pH of 6. The other positive sample was found inside the cage of these birds; however, samples taken in a dispersion study at 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 m around this cage were all negative. It appears that this low isolation rate is due to adequate cleaning and disinfection procedures used in the city zoo of Cali.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10181192" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b65348e7ac0d03db773c7bfc3c889efa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47493010,"asset_id":10181192,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47493010/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24873575" href="https://umontemorelos.academia.edu/LuzCaicedo">Luz Caicedo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24873575" type="text/json">{"id":24873575,"first_name":"Luz","last_name":"Caicedo","domain_name":"umontemorelos","page_name":"LuzCaicedo","display_name":"Luz Caicedo","profile_url":"https://umontemorelos.academia.edu/LuzCaicedo?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24873575/6730559/7602152/s65_luz.caicedo.jpg_oh_3faaf1c4fb4dbd214ba37f301c6ec5ea_oe_5528e7ed___gda___1433028730_e0e4233acecceaae406aebc979e61b90"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10181192 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10181192"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10181192, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10181192", }); 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A total of 380 samples was studied, 110 from droppings and 270 from Petri dishes placed inside(148) and outside (122) the cages. C. neoformansvar neoformans was found in only two cases, one from bird excreta (0.9%) and the other from air inside a cage (0.7%). The former positive sample was collected from the cracks of a dead tree where two crested caracaras (Polyborusplancus) roosted; the feces were dry, accumulated,and with a pH of 6. The other positive sample was found inside the cage of these birds; however, samples taken in a dispersion study at 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 m around this cage were all negative. It appears that this low isolation rate is due to adequate cleaning and disinfection procedures used in the city zoo of Cali.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47493010,"asset_id":10181192,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24873575,"first_name":"Luz","last_name":"Caicedo","domain_name":"umontemorelos","page_name":"LuzCaicedo","display_name":"Luz Caicedo","profile_url":"https://umontemorelos.academia.edu/LuzCaicedo?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24873575/6730559/7602152/s65_luz.caicedo.jpg_oh_3faaf1c4fb4dbd214ba37f301c6ec5ea_oe_5528e7ed___gda___1433028730_e0e4233acecceaae406aebc979e61b90"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":5541,"name":"Plant 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Biografía de un converso</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Se trata de un libro que aborda la vida de José María Samper (1828-1888), figura indispensable para comprender la historia de Colombia en el siglo XIX, tras la independencia de España. Samper, cuya prolífica obra escrita ha sido... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43034692" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Se trata de un libro que aborda la vida de José María Samper (1828-1888), figura indispensable para comprender la historia de Colombia en el siglo XIX, tras la independencia de España. <br />Samper, cuya prolífica obra escrita ha sido referente indispensable para los historiadores e investigadores que se han ocupado de ese siglo, se caracterizó en primer lugar por su polémica actividad como político e ideólogo. Militó tanto en el partido liberal como en el partido conservador. Ese proceso de conversión se detalla en la biografía, pues da una idea clara de su ingenio para defender posiciones y argumentos en el campo ideológico donde actuaba. <br />Fue, además, reputado periodista, novelista, autor de obras de teatro, de libros de viajes y dotado de una enorme capacidad intelectual en el derecho constitucional. Fue tal su visión que la Constitución de 1991 incorpora propuestas suyas. Escribió, también, una autobiografía que, aunque incompleta, aún se consulta para entender algunos pormenores de la historia colombiana.  <br />Su vasta producción lo sitúa como el escritor más prolífico que ha tenido Colombia. Un cálculo inicial le atribuyó 50.000 páginas a lo largo de su vida. En realidad, alcanzó la mitad de esa cifra, según se pudo leer y constatar en esta biografía. Un número, de cualquier manera, nada despreciable.<br />Samper fue, junto a otros personajes de la época, artífice de la construcción de la nación. Primero como revolucionario liberal y luego como sosegado conservador. Al lado de Rafael Núñez y Miguel Antonio Caro, fue determinante en la consolidación institucional del país a finales del siglo XIX. Sobre él dijo Carlos Martínez Silva, hombre de su tiempo: Samper fue “la más acabada y viva personificación de la revuelta vida democrática vivida por Colombia desde cuando se constituyó en nación independiente”. Esa personificación aparece detallada en la biografía. <br />Esta, por otra parte, busca que el lector obtenga, además, un conocimiento directo del pensamiento de Samper. No solo responde a un criterio pedagógico, desde luego necesario para que las nuevas generaciones comprendan una parte clave de la historia del país, cuyos efectos aún se perciben, sino a la necesidad de que ese lector se enfrente directamente con sus palabras y lo ubique adecuadamente dentro del contexto histórico. <br />Esta biografía se ocupa, además, de la vida matrimonial de Samper con la escritora Soledad Acosta, pionera del feminismo en Colombia y cuya obra es objeto de estudio en el país y en el extranjero desde hace algunos años.  Da cuenta de su compleja relación, su actividad compartida y su papel durante las persecuciones políticas vividas por su marido. <br />Para la redacción de la biografía se recurrió al estudio de varios archivos privados y a una intensa relación epistolar inédita con figuras nacionales e internacionales de la época. No menos útil resultó también el estudio de las cartas inéditas que intercambió con Soledad Acosta, donde se reflejan sus mentalidades. <br />De muchas maneras, Samper, un personaje transversal del poder social en Colombia, sigue en el primer plano en la historia del país durante el convulso siglo XIX. Como se dijo al momento de su muerte: “Amado por unos, atacado por otros, pero para ninguno indiferente”.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43034692" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="42c7dd3c5d9889680c68f095e845a78a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63295918,"asset_id":43034692,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63295918/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42920516" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarioJaramilloContreras">Mario Jaramillo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42920516" type="text/json">{"id":42920516,"first_name":"Mario","last_name":"Jaramillo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MarioJaramilloContreras","display_name":"Mario Jaramillo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MarioJaramilloContreras?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42920516/15477246/16090539/s65_mario.jaramillo.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43034692 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43034692"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43034692, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43034692", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43034692]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43034692").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43034692").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43034692"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8265" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biography">Biography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8265" type="text/json">{"id":8265,"name":"Biography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biography?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="373277" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_de_Colombia_siglo_XIX">Historia de Colombia siglo XIX.</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="373277" type="text/json">{"id":373277,"name":"Historia de Colombia siglo XIX.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_de_Colombia_siglo_XIX?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43034692]'), work: {"id":43034692,"title":"José María Samper. Biografía de un converso","created_at":"2020-05-13T05:26:22.786-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43034692/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Samper_Biograf%C3%ADa_de_un_converso?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_43034692","summary":"Se trata de un libro que aborda la vida de José María Samper (1828-1888), figura indispensable para comprender la historia de Colombia en el siglo XIX, tras la independencia de España. \nSamper, cuya prolífica obra escrita ha sido referente indispensable para los historiadores e investigadores que se han ocupado de ese siglo, se caracterizó en primer lugar por su polémica actividad como político e ideólogo. Militó tanto en el partido liberal como en el partido conservador. Ese proceso de conversión se detalla en la biografía, pues da una idea clara de su ingenio para defender posiciones y argumentos en el campo ideológico donde actuaba. \nFue, además, reputado periodista, novelista, autor de obras de teatro, de libros de viajes y dotado de una enorme capacidad intelectual en el derecho constitucional. Fue tal su visión que la Constitución de 1991 incorpora propuestas suyas. Escribió, también, una autobiografía que, aunque incompleta, aún se consulta para entender algunos pormenores de la historia colombiana. \nSu vasta producción lo sitúa como el escritor más prolífico que ha tenido Colombia. Un cálculo inicial le atribuyó 50.000 páginas a lo largo de su vida. En realidad, alcanzó la mitad de esa cifra, según se pudo leer y constatar en esta biografía. Un número, de cualquier manera, nada despreciable.\nSamper fue, junto a otros personajes de la época, artífice de la construcción de la nación. Primero como revolucionario liberal y luego como sosegado conservador. Al lado de Rafael Núñez y Miguel Antonio Caro, fue determinante en la consolidación institucional del país a finales del siglo XIX. Sobre él dijo Carlos Martínez Silva, hombre de su tiempo: Samper fue “la más acabada y viva personificación de la revuelta vida democrática vivida por Colombia desde cuando se constituyó en nación independiente”. Esa personificación aparece detallada en la biografía. \nEsta, por otra parte, busca que el lector obtenga, además, un conocimiento directo del pensamiento de Samper. No solo responde a un criterio pedagógico, desde luego necesario para que las nuevas generaciones comprendan una parte clave de la historia del país, cuyos efectos aún se perciben, sino a la necesidad de que ese lector se enfrente directamente con sus palabras y lo ubique adecuadamente dentro del contexto histórico. \nEsta biografía se ocupa, además, de la vida matrimonial de Samper con la escritora Soledad Acosta, pionera del feminismo en Colombia y cuya obra es objeto de estudio en el país y en el extranjero desde hace algunos años. Da cuenta de su compleja relación, su actividad compartida y su papel durante las persecuciones políticas vividas por su marido. \nPara la redacción de la biografía se recurrió al estudio de varios archivos privados y a una intensa relación epistolar inédita con figuras nacionales e internacionales de la época. No menos útil resultó también el estudio de las cartas inéditas que intercambió con Soledad Acosta, donde se reflejan sus mentalidades. \nDe muchas maneras, Samper, un personaje transversal del poder social en Colombia, sigue en el primer plano en la historia del país durante el convulso siglo XIX. Como se dijo al momento de su muerte: “Amado por unos, atacado por otros, pero para ninguno indiferente”. \n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63295918,"asset_id":43034692,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42920516,"first_name":"Mario","last_name":"Jaramillo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MarioJaramilloContreras","display_name":"Mario Jaramillo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MarioJaramilloContreras?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42920516/15477246/16090539/s65_mario.jaramillo.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":8265,"name":"Biography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biography?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":373277,"name":"Historia de Colombia siglo XIX.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_de_Colombia_siglo_XIX?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42252947" data-work_id="42252947" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42252947/_Re_introducing_critical_realism_as_a_paradigm_to_inform_qualitative_content_analysis_in_causal_educational_research">(Re)introducing critical realism as a paradigm to inform qualitative content analysis in causal educational research</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This is article contributes to the debate on the empirical applications of critical realism (CR) in school effectiveness research. Researchers that endorse this research paradigm privilege intensive, over extensive, research designs,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42252947" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This is article contributes to the debate on the empirical applications of critical realism (CR) in school effectiveness research. Researchers that endorse this research paradigm privilege intensive, over extensive, research designs, focussing, hence, in ethnographic methods and qualitative interviewing. However, and despite some recent academic proposals, there is little guidance in the literature on how to analyse qualitative data using the lenses of CR to produce causal knowledge about the operation of education policies in society. The current piece elaborates on the tenets of dialectical CR to develop some methodological arguments on how to engage in this type of empirical work. These reflections are then applied to analyse qualitative information retrieved in three ‘failing’ schools from Northern Colombia as an exemplar. More information: <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09518398.2020.1735555" rel="nofollow">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09518398.2020.1735555</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42252947" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="612b03dac2ee5736f6464a88f34b5a2b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62405054,"asset_id":42252947,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62405054/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="307888" href="https://universidadinternacionaldelarioja.academia.edu/EliasSaidHung">Elias Said-Hung</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="307888" type="text/json">{"id":307888,"first_name":"Elias","last_name":"Said-Hung","domain_name":"universidadinternacionaldelarioja","page_name":"EliasSaidHung","display_name":"Elias Said-Hung","profile_url":"https://universidadinternacionaldelarioja.academia.edu/EliasSaidHung?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/307888/7888023/14443879/s65_elias.said-hung.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42252947 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42252947"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42252947, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42252947", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_42252947 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42252947; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_42252947"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_42252947 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42252947"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42252947; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42252947]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42252947").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42252947").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42252947"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="922" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education">Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="922" type="text/json">{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3136" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qualitative_methodology">Qualitative methodology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3136" type="text/json">{"id":3136,"name":"Qualitative methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qualitative_methodology?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12135" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qualitative_Research">Qualitative Research</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="12135" type="text/json">{"id":12135,"name":"Qualitative Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qualitative_Research?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42252947]'), work: {"id":42252947,"title":"(Re)introducing critical realism as a paradigm to inform qualitative content analysis in causal educational research","created_at":"2020-03-18T13:02:49.429-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42252947/_Re_introducing_critical_realism_as_a_paradigm_to_inform_qualitative_content_analysis_in_causal_educational_research?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_42252947","summary":"This is article contributes to the debate on the empirical applications of critical realism (CR) in school effectiveness research. Researchers that endorse this research paradigm privilege intensive, over extensive, research designs, focussing, hence, in ethnographic methods and qualitative interviewing. However, and despite some recent academic proposals, there is little guidance in the literature on how to analyse qualitative data using the lenses of CR to produce causal knowledge about the operation of education policies in society. The current piece elaborates on the tenets of dialectical CR to develop some methodological arguments on how to engage in this type of empirical work. These reflections are then applied to analyse qualitative information retrieved in three ‘failing’ schools from Northern Colombia as an exemplar. More information: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09518398.2020.1735555","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62405054,"asset_id":42252947,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":307888,"first_name":"Elias","last_name":"Said-Hung","domain_name":"universidadinternacionaldelarioja","page_name":"EliasSaidHung","display_name":"Elias Said-Hung","profile_url":"https://universidadinternacionaldelarioja.academia.edu/EliasSaidHung?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/307888/7888023/14443879/s65_elias.said-hung.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3136,"name":"Qualitative methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qualitative_methodology?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":12135,"name":"Qualitative Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qualitative_Research?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":16206,"name":"Dialectic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialectic?f_ri=3261"},{"id":21383,"name":"School effectiveness and school improvement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/School_effectiveness_and_school_improvement?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27103542" data-work_id="27103542" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27103542/Ahcar_y_baeza_col_can_pdf">Ahcar y baeza col can.pdf</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">El presente trabajo analiza las relaciones comerciales, en el marco de las negociaciones para la firma del Tratado de Libre Comercio (TLC), entre Colombia y Canadá, considerando el retraso en la implementación del TLC con Estados Unidos.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27103542" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">El presente trabajo analiza las relaciones comerciales, en el marco de las negociaciones<br />para la firma del Tratado de Libre Comercio (TLC), entre Colombia y Canadá, considerando<br />el retraso en la implementación del TLC con Estados Unidos. Se pretende<br />mostrar la importancia del incremento de las relaciones económicas entre Colombia y<br />Canadá y su potencial para mejorar el bienestar económico. A lo largo del documento<br />se estudia la forma en que Colombia se inserta en los mercados internacionales, y se<br />encuentra que el TLC entre ambos países constituye un mecanismo útil para dinamizar<br />su inserción en los mercados internacionales. Colombia sostiene una base exportadora<br />todavía muy dependiente de las exportaciones tradicionales, la cual coexiste con una<br />plataforma exportadora de bienes industriales escasamente desarrollada y poco diversificada<br />en destinos. Para convertir el comercio en una importante fuerza dinamizadora<br />del desarrollo económico del país se deben buscar medios que permitan modernizar<br />la economía y convertir a Colombia en un país más competitivo. El TLC con Canadá<br />es una buena herramienta para mantener el buen comportamiento que ha mostrado<br />nuestro comercio internacional en los últimos años, y demostrar las intenciones de<br />Colombia de participar en el proceso de globalización en forma activa.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27103542" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1183cb9448d76f5e2960fb786cc0348d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47354833,"asset_id":27103542,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47354833/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="50668911" href="https://javerianacali.academia.edu/JaimeAhcar">Jaime Rafael Ahcar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="50668911" type="text/json">{"id":50668911,"first_name":"Jaime Rafael","last_name":"Ahcar","domain_name":"javerianacali","page_name":"JaimeAhcar","display_name":"Jaime Rafael Ahcar","profile_url":"https://javerianacali.academia.edu/JaimeAhcar?f_ri=3261","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27103542 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27103542"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27103542, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27103542", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_27103542 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27103542; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_27103542"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_27103542 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27103542"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27103542; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27103542]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27103542").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27103542").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27103542"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28046" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regional_Integration">Regional Integration</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28046" type="text/json">{"id":28046,"name":"Regional Integration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regional_Integration?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="54114" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canada">Canada</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="54114" type="text/json">{"id":54114,"name":"Canada","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canada?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="97103" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Free_trade_agreements">Free trade agreements</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="97103" type="text/json">{"id":97103,"name":"Free trade agreements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Free_trade_agreements?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27103542]'), work: {"id":27103542,"title":"Ahcar y baeza col can.pdf","created_at":"2016-07-19T09:06:47.300-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27103542/Ahcar_y_baeza_col_can_pdf?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_27103542","summary":"El presente trabajo analiza las relaciones comerciales, en el marco de las negociaciones\npara la firma del Tratado de Libre Comercio (TLC), entre Colombia y Canadá, considerando\nel retraso en la implementación del TLC con Estados Unidos. Se pretende\nmostrar la importancia del incremento de las relaciones económicas entre Colombia y\nCanadá y su potencial para mejorar el bienestar económico. A lo largo del documento\nse estudia la forma en que Colombia se inserta en los mercados internacionales, y se\nencuentra que el TLC entre ambos países constituye un mecanismo útil para dinamizar\nsu inserción en los mercados internacionales. Colombia sostiene una base exportadora\ntodavía muy dependiente de las exportaciones tradicionales, la cual coexiste con una\nplataforma exportadora de bienes industriales escasamente desarrollada y poco diversificada\nen destinos. Para convertir el comercio en una importante fuerza dinamizadora\ndel desarrollo económico del país se deben buscar medios que permitan modernizar\nla economía y convertir a Colombia en un país más competitivo. El TLC con Canadá\nes una buena herramienta para mantener el buen comportamiento que ha mostrado\nnuestro comercio internacional en los últimos años, y demostrar las intenciones de\nColombia de participar en el proceso de globalización en forma activa.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47354833,"asset_id":27103542,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":50668911,"first_name":"Jaime Rafael","last_name":"Ahcar","domain_name":"javerianacali","page_name":"JaimeAhcar","display_name":"Jaime Rafael Ahcar","profile_url":"https://javerianacali.academia.edu/JaimeAhcar?f_ri=3261","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":28046,"name":"Regional Integration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regional_Integration?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":54114,"name":"Canada","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canada?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":97103,"name":"Free trade agreements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Free_trade_agreements?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_73040646 coauthored" data-work_id="73040646" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73040646/Can_Local_Human_Rights_Organizations_Raise_Funds_from_the_General_Public_in_Bogot_">Can Local Human Rights Organizations Raise Funds from the General Public in Bogot ?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This report presents findings from a representative survey of 1,000 adults living in Bogota, Colombia. Respondents were asked about a range of opinions towards human rights organizations, principles, and policies. The authors also... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_73040646" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This report presents findings from a representative survey of 1,000 adults living in Bogota, Colombia. Respondents were asked about a range of opinions towards human rights organizations, principles, and policies. The authors also conducted a "real cash" experiment in which respondents were given small sums of money, and then asked if they wanted to donate some, all, or none of the money, anonymously, to a fictitious local organization.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/73040646" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bba9f98d82d3636914208967487f3756" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81720764,"asset_id":73040646,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81720764/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2704638" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JamesRon5">James Ron</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2704638" type="text/json">{"id":2704638,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Ron","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JamesRon5","display_name":"James Ron","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JamesRon5?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2704638/2947139/53138303/s65_james.frohlich.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-73040646">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-73040646"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/ClaudiaUseche3">Claudia Useche</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-73040646'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-73040646').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_73040646 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="73040646"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 73040646, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_73040646", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_73040646 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 73040646; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_73040646"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_73040646 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="73040646"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 73040646; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=73040646]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_73040646").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_73040646").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="73040646"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1116" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Opinion">Public Opinion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1116" type="text/json">{"id":1116,"name":"Public Opinion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Opinion?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2592" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights">Human Rights</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2592" type="text/json">{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6656" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Non-Governmental_Organizations_NGOs_">Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6656" type="text/json">{"id":6656,"name":"Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Non-Governmental_Organizations_NGOs_?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=73040646]'), work: {"id":73040646,"title":"Can Local Human Rights Organizations Raise Funds from the General Public in Bogot ?","created_at":"2022-03-04T10:41:44.381-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/73040646/Can_Local_Human_Rights_Organizations_Raise_Funds_from_the_General_Public_in_Bogot_?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_73040646","summary":"This report presents findings from a representative survey of 1,000 adults living in Bogota, Colombia. Respondents were asked about a range of opinions towards human rights organizations, principles, and policies. The authors also conducted a \"real cash\" experiment in which respondents were given small sums of money, and then asked if they wanted to donate some, all, or none of the money, anonymously, to a fictitious local organization. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81720764,"asset_id":73040646,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2704638,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Ron","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JamesRon5","display_name":"James Ron","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JamesRon5?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2704638/2947139/53138303/s65_james.frohlich.jpg"},{"id":217674193,"first_name":"Claudia","last_name":"Useche","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ClaudiaUseche3","display_name":"Claudia Useche","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ClaudiaUseche3?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/217674193/75950208/64467884/s65_claudia.useche.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1116,"name":"Public Opinion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Opinion?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":6656,"name":"Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Non-Governmental_Organizations_NGOs_?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":595813,"name":"Fund Raising Strategy for Non Profits","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fund_Raising_Strategy_for_Non_Profits?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_72759748" data-work_id="72759748" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/72759748/Coca_and_poppy_eradication_in_Colombia_environmental_and_human_health_assessment_of_aerially_applied_glyphosate">Coca and poppy eradication in Colombia: environmental and human health assessment of aerially applied glyphosate</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The production of coca and poppy as well as the processing and production of cocaine and heroin involve significant environmental impacts. Both coca and poppy are grown intensively in a process that involves the clearing of land in remote... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_72759748" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The production of coca and poppy as well as the processing and production of cocaine and heroin involve significant environmental impacts. Both coca and poppy are grown intensively in a process that involves the clearing of land in remote areas, the planting of the crop, and protection against pests such as weeds, insects, and pathogens. The aerial spray program to control coca and poppy production in Colombia with the herbicide glyphosate is conducted with modern state-of-the-art aircraft and spray equipment. As a result of the use of best available spray and navigation technology, the likelihood of accidental off-target spraying is small and is estimated to be less than 1% of the total area sprayed. Estimated exposures in humans resulting from direct overspray, contact with treated foliage after reentry to fields, inhalation, diet, and drinking water were small and infrequent. Analyses of surface waters in five watersheds showed that, on most occasions, glyphosate was not present ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/72759748" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="97d3bba6bedc5433db7b27eea1fdaa5c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81559901,"asset_id":72759748,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81559901/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37351677" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ArturoAnad%C3%B3n">Arturo Anadón</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37351677" type="text/json">{"id":37351677,"first_name":"Arturo","last_name":"Anadón","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ArturoAnadón","display_name":"Arturo Anadón","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ArturoAnad%C3%B3n?f_ri=3261","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_72759748 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="72759748"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 72759748, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_72759748", }); 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type="text/json">{"id":9821,"name":"Brazil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brazil?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13530" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chile">Chile</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13530" type="text/json">{"id":13530,"name":"Chile","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chile?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38455" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling_and_Simulation_in_Economics">Modeling and Simulation in Economics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="38455" type="text/json">{"id":38455,"name":"Modeling and Simulation in Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling_and_Simulation_in_Economics?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=53104413]'), work: {"id":53104413,"title":"Information for a developmental approach to mitigation: linking sectoral and economy-wide models for Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru and South Africa","created_at":"2021-09-21T04:16:03.759-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/53104413/Information_for_a_developmental_approach_to_mitigation_linking_sectoral_and_economy_wide_models_for_Brazil_Chile_Colombia_Peru_and_South_Africa?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_53104413","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":70048102,"asset_id":53104413,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":63094724,"first_name":"Tessy","last_name":"Vasquez Baos","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TessyVasquezBaos","display_name":"Tessy Vasquez Baos","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TessyVasquezBaos?f_ri=3261","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":9821,"name":"Brazil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brazil?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":13530,"name":"Chile","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chile?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":38455,"name":"Modeling and Simulation in Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling_and_Simulation_in_Economics?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=3261"},{"id":61866,"name":"South Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Africa?f_ri=3261"},{"id":66862,"name":"Climate Change Mitigation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Change_Mitigation?f_ri=3261"},{"id":650257,"name":"Energy Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Modeling?f_ri=3261"},{"id":992589,"name":"Building Energy Modelling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Building_Energy_Modelling?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_51116311" data-work_id="51116311" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51116311/How_universal_is_coverage_and_access_to_diagnosis_and_treatment_for_Chagas_disease_in_Colombia_A_health_systems_analysis">How universal is coverage and access to diagnosis and treatment for Chagas disease in Colombia? A health systems analysis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Limited access to Chagas disease diagnosis and treatment is a major obstacle to reaching the 2020 World Health Organization milestones of delivering care to all infected and ill patients. Colombia has been identified as a health system in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_51116311" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Limited access to Chagas disease diagnosis and treatment is a major obstacle to reaching the 2020 World Health Organization milestones of delivering care to all infected and ill patients. Colombia has been identified as a health system in transition, reporting one of the highest levels of health insurance coverage in Latin America. We explore if and how this high level of coverage extends to those with Chagas disease, a traditionally marginalised population. Using a mixed methods approach, we calculate coverage for screening, diagnosis and treatment of Chagas. We then identify supply-side constraints both quantitatively and qualitatively. A review of official registries of tests and treatments for Chagas disease delivered between 2008 and 2014 is compared to estimates of infected people. Using the Flagship Framework, we explore barriers limiting access to care. Screening coverage is estimated at 1.2% of the population at risk. Aetiological treatment with either benznidazol or nifurt...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/51116311" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="463cf0910f16b3012d8caa90eafbea27" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68961511,"asset_id":51116311,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68961511/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27980435" href="https://uniandes.academia.edu/oscarbernal">oscar bernal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27980435" type="text/json">{"id":27980435,"first_name":"oscar","last_name":"bernal","domain_name":"uniandes","page_name":"oscarbernal","display_name":"oscar bernal","profile_url":"https://uniandes.academia.edu/oscarbernal?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27980435/7932139/8886116/s65_oscar.bernal.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_51116311 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="51116311"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51116311, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_51116311", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51116311]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_51116311").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_51116311").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="51116311"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology">Sociology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="767" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology">Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="767" type="text/json">{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1085" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology">Epidemiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1085" type="text/json">{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=51116311]'), work: {"id":51116311,"title":"How universal is coverage and access to diagnosis and treatment for Chagas disease in Colombia? A health systems analysis","created_at":"2021-08-31T02:49:50.847-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/51116311/How_universal_is_coverage_and_access_to_diagnosis_and_treatment_for_Chagas_disease_in_Colombia_A_health_systems_analysis?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_51116311","summary":"Limited access to Chagas disease diagnosis and treatment is a major obstacle to reaching the 2020 World Health Organization milestones of delivering care to all infected and ill patients. Colombia has been identified as a health system in transition, reporting one of the highest levels of health insurance coverage in Latin America. We explore if and how this high level of coverage extends to those with Chagas disease, a traditionally marginalised population. Using a mixed methods approach, we calculate coverage for screening, diagnosis and treatment of Chagas. We then identify supply-side constraints both quantitatively and qualitatively. A review of official registries of tests and treatments for Chagas disease delivered between 2008 and 2014 is compared to estimates of infected people. Using the Flagship Framework, we explore barriers limiting access to care. Screening coverage is estimated at 1.2% of the population at risk. Aetiological treatment with either benznidazol or nifurt...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68961511,"asset_id":51116311,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":27980435,"first_name":"oscar","last_name":"bernal","domain_name":"uniandes","page_name":"oscarbernal","display_name":"oscar bernal","profile_url":"https://uniandes.academia.edu/oscarbernal?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27980435/7932139/8886116/s65_oscar.bernal.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":11758,"name":"Health insurance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_insurance?f_ri=3261"},{"id":16288,"name":"Public Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health?f_ri=3261"},{"id":48423,"name":"Social Science \u0026 Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_and_Medicine?f_ri=3261"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=3261"},{"id":124064,"name":"Universal Coverage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Universal_Coverage?f_ri=3261"},{"id":225340,"name":"Chagas disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chagas_disease?f_ri=3261"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=3261"},{"id":621181,"name":"Government Programs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Government_Programs?f_ri=3261"},{"id":2549475,"name":"Health Services Accessibility","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Services_Accessibility?f_ri=3261"},{"id":2749012,"name":"Delivery of Health Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Delivery_of_Health_Care?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49531621" data-work_id="49531621" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49531621/Factores_de_riesgo_cardiovascular_en_estudiantes_de_medicina_que_ingresan_a_una_Universidad_Colombiana_Cardiovascular_risk_factores_in_medical_students_entering_a_Colombian_universityCardiovascular_risk_factores_in_medical_students_entering_a_Colombian_university_">Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en estudiantes de medicina que ingresan a una Universidad Colombiana*/ Cardiovascular risk factores in medical students entering a Colombian universityCardiovascular risk factores in medical students entering a Colombian university*</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Introducción: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la primera causa de muerte en muchos países. Empero, en poblaciones seleccionadas, existen escasos estudios, tal como son los estudiantes de medicina. Objetivo: Evaluar variables... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49531621" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Introducción: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la primera causa de muerte en muchos países. Empero, en poblaciones seleccionadas, existen escasos estudios, tal como son los estudiantes de medicina. Objetivo: Evaluar variables físicas, fisiológicas, comportamentales y bioquímicas en estudiantes medicina de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira (UTP), Risaralda, Colombia, 2012-2013. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo con una población de 91 estudiantes pertenecientes al primer semestre, con la presentación de los análisis basales (transversales), donde se miden: índice de masa corporal (IMC), circunferencia abdominal (CA), Presión arterial (PAS/PAD), VO2 Indirecto (test de Leger); actividad física (IPAQ corto), glicemia y perfil lipídico (ATPIII). Resultados: Se analizaron basalmente 91 estudiantes. Edad promedio 18,86 años (±3,13); 52,7% masculino. Actividad vigorosa: 30,8% (58,2% <1 día/semana; 58,2% <10 minutos/vez). Tiempo sentado: mediana 600 minutos (10 horas)/día, (RIQ 480-900). IMC promedio 22,65±3,6 Kg/m2 (20,9% sobrepeso/obesidad). CA promedio 77,22±9,42 cm (81,3±9,3 hombres, 17,10% >90 cm; 73,1±7,6 mujeres, 15%>80 cm). LDL promedio 109,4±28,1 mg/dl (60,9% con valores no óptimos >/=100). Colesterol-total promedio 174,1±33,5 mg/dl (25,8% con >/=200). VO2 promedio 41,31±6,3 (37,8% de mujeres en sedentarismo/borderline/intolerancia; 12,8% en hombres). PAS promedio 115,4±10,9 mmHg (59,3% en rango Pre-HTA/HTA; ≥120); PAD promedio 75,7±9,8mmHg (40,7% en rango de Pre-HTA/HTA;≥80) y 13,6% en rango de HTA E1. Conclusiones: Se observa preocupantes frecuencias basales de factores de riesgo cardiovascular al ingreso de la carrera sobre las cuales debe intervenirse y valorarse en el tiempo, durante los planteados 6 años de seguimiento.<br /><br />* Trabajo previamente presentado en parte en el XXVIII Congreso Científico Internacional de la Federación Latinoamericana de Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina (XXVIII CCI FELSOCEM), Tegucigalpa, Honduras 2013.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49531621" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="374dc9026a665b3b1c6894291fc2cc9b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67862975,"asset_id":49531621,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67862975/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16511823" href="https://unprg.academia.edu/RevCuerpoMedHNAAA">Rev. Cuerpo Med. HNAAA</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16511823" type="text/json">{"id":16511823,"first_name":"Rev. Cuerpo Med.","last_name":"HNAAA","domain_name":"unprg","page_name":"RevCuerpoMedHNAAA","display_name":"Rev. Cuerpo Med. HNAAA","profile_url":"https://unprg.academia.edu/RevCuerpoMedHNAAA?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16511823/4936960/46949755/s65_rev._cuerpo_med..hnaaa.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49531621 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49531621"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49531621, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49531621", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_49531621 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49531621; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_49531621"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_49531621 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="49531621"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49531621; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=49531621]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_49531621").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_49531621").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="49531621"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="489057" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enfermedades_Cardiovasculares">Enfermedades Cardiovasculares</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="489057" type="text/json">{"id":489057,"name":"Enfermedades Cardiovasculares","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enfermedades_Cardiovasculares?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1726254" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Estudiantes_de_Medicina">Estudiantes de Medicina</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1726254" type="text/json">{"id":1726254,"name":"Estudiantes de Medicina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Estudiantes_de_Medicina?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2326046" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%C3%8Dndice_de_Masa_Corporal">Índice de Masa Corporal</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2326046" type="text/json">{"id":2326046,"name":"Índice de Masa Corporal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%C3%8Dndice_de_Masa_Corporal?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=49531621]'), work: {"id":49531621,"title":"Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en estudiantes de medicina que ingresan a una Universidad Colombiana*/ Cardiovascular risk factores in medical students entering a Colombian universityCardiovascular risk factores in medical students entering a Colombian university*","created_at":"2021-07-03T19:01:57.882-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/49531621/Factores_de_riesgo_cardiovascular_en_estudiantes_de_medicina_que_ingresan_a_una_Universidad_Colombiana_Cardiovascular_risk_factores_in_medical_students_entering_a_Colombian_universityCardiovascular_risk_factores_in_medical_students_entering_a_Colombian_university_?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_49531621","summary":"Introducción: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la primera causa de muerte en muchos países. Empero, en poblaciones seleccionadas, existen escasos estudios, tal como son los estudiantes de medicina. Objetivo: Evaluar variables físicas, fisiológicas, comportamentales y bioquímicas en estudiantes medicina de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira (UTP), Risaralda, Colombia, 2012-2013. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo con una población de 91 estudiantes pertenecientes al primer semestre, con la presentación de los análisis basales (transversales), donde se miden: índice de masa corporal (IMC), circunferencia abdominal (CA), Presión arterial (PAS/PAD), VO2 Indirecto (test de Leger); actividad física (IPAQ corto), glicemia y perfil lipídico (ATPIII). Resultados: Se analizaron basalmente 91 estudiantes. Edad promedio 18,86 años (±3,13); 52,7% masculino. Actividad vigorosa: 30,8% (58,2% \u003c1 día/semana; 58,2% \u003c10 minutos/vez). Tiempo sentado: mediana 600 minutos (10 horas)/día, (RIQ 480-900). IMC promedio 22,65±3,6 Kg/m2 (20,9% sobrepeso/obesidad). CA promedio 77,22±9,42 cm (81,3±9,3 hombres, 17,10% \u003e90 cm; 73,1±7,6 mujeres, 15%\u003e80 cm). LDL promedio 109,4±28,1 mg/dl (60,9% con valores no óptimos \u003e/=100). Colesterol-total promedio 174,1±33,5 mg/dl (25,8% con \u003e/=200). VO2 promedio 41,31±6,3 (37,8% de mujeres en sedentarismo/borderline/intolerancia; 12,8% en hombres). PAS promedio 115,4±10,9 mmHg (59,3% en rango Pre-HTA/HTA; ≥120); PAD promedio 75,7±9,8mmHg (40,7% en rango de Pre-HTA/HTA;≥80) y 13,6% en rango de HTA E1. Conclusiones: Se observa preocupantes frecuencias basales de factores de riesgo cardiovascular al ingreso de la carrera sobre las cuales debe intervenirse y valorarse en el tiempo, durante los planteados 6 años de seguimiento.\n\n* Trabajo previamente presentado en parte en el XXVIII Congreso Científico Internacional de la Federación Latinoamericana de Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina (XXVIII CCI FELSOCEM), Tegucigalpa, Honduras 2013.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67862975,"asset_id":49531621,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16511823,"first_name":"Rev. Cuerpo Med.","last_name":"HNAAA","domain_name":"unprg","page_name":"RevCuerpoMedHNAAA","display_name":"Rev. Cuerpo Med. HNAAA","profile_url":"https://unprg.academia.edu/RevCuerpoMedHNAAA?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16511823/4936960/46949755/s65_rev._cuerpo_med..hnaaa.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":489057,"name":"Enfermedades Cardiovasculares","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enfermedades_Cardiovasculares?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":1726254,"name":"Estudiantes de Medicina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Estudiantes_de_Medicina?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":2326046,"name":"Índice de Masa Corporal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%C3%8Dndice_de_Masa_Corporal?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3257813,"name":"Actividad Motora","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Actividad_Motora?f_ri=3261"},{"id":3685551,"name":"Consumo De Oxígeno","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consumo_De_Ox%C3%ADgeno?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48902851 coauthored" data-work_id="48902851" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48902851/Validity_of_Maternal_Birthweight_Recall_Among_Colombian_Children">Validity of Maternal Birthweight Recall Among Colombian Children</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48902851" data-share-source="work_strip" 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itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="158212810" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MercedesMoraPlazas">Mercedes Mora Plazas</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="158212810" type="text/json">{"id":158212810,"first_name":"Mercedes","last_name":"Mora Plazas","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MercedesMoraPlazas","display_name":"Mercedes Mora Plazas","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MercedesMoraPlazas?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/158212810/48970073/37006509/s65_mercedes.mora_plazas.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-48902851">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-48902851"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a 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}); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48902851").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48902851"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15108" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Childhood_Obesity">Childhood Obesity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15108" type="text/json">{"id":15108,"name":"Childhood Obesity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Childhood_Obesity?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47155" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Birth_Weight">Birth Weight</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47155" type="text/json">{"id":47155,"name":"Birth Weight","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Birth_Weight?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56989" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_America">Latin America</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="56989" type="text/json">{"id":56989,"name":"Latin America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_America?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48902851]'), work: {"id":48902851,"title":"Validity of Maternal Birthweight Recall Among Colombian Children","created_at":"2021-05-12T14:25:27.073-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48902851/Validity_of_Maternal_Birthweight_Recall_Among_Colombian_Children?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_48902851","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67308207,"asset_id":48902851,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":158212810,"first_name":"Mercedes","last_name":"Mora Plazas","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MercedesMoraPlazas","display_name":"Mercedes Mora Plazas","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MercedesMoraPlazas?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/158212810/48970073/37006509/s65_mercedes.mora_plazas.jpg"},{"id":228388643,"first_name":"Constanza","last_name":"Marin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ConstanzaMarin14","display_name":"Constanza Marin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ConstanzaMarin14?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/228388643/85181223/73825329/s65_constanza.marin.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":15108,"name":"Childhood Obesity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Childhood_Obesity?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":47155,"name":"Birth Weight","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Birth_Weight?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":56989,"name":"Latin America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_America?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=3261"},{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child?f_ri=3261"},{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female?f_ri=3261"},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male?f_ri=3261"},{"id":162282,"name":"Mothers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mothers?f_ri=3261"},{"id":281975,"name":"Maternal child health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maternal_child_health?f_ri=3261"},{"id":382075,"name":"Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult?f_ri=3261"},{"id":402446,"name":"Maternal Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maternal_Age?f_ri=3261"},{"id":546421,"name":"Educational Status","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Status?f_ri=3261"},{"id":557260,"name":"Health surveys","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_surveys?f_ri=3261"},{"id":797418,"name":"Gestational Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gestational_Age?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1036777,"name":"Epidemiologic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiologic_Studies?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1294607,"name":"Logistic Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Logistic_Models?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1777333,"name":"Health Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Outcome?f_ri=3261"},{"id":2489700,"name":"Child preschool","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child_preschool?f_ri=3261"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42411902" data-work_id="42411902" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42411902/LA_DOCTRINA_DEL_SHOCK_ENTRE_EL_HOLOCAUSTO_DEL_PALACIO_DE_JUSTICIA_Y_EL_BAILE_ROJO_EL_CABALLO_DE_TROYA_DEL_NEOLIBERALISMO_EN_LA_CONSTITUCI%C3%93N_POL%C3%8DTICA_DE_COLOMBIA">LA DOCTRINA DEL SHOCK: ENTRE EL HOLOCAUSTO DEL PALACIO DE JUSTICIA Y EL BAILE ROJO, EL CABALLO DE TROYA DEL NEOLIBERALISMO EN LA CONSTITUCIÓN POLÍTICA DE COLOMBIA</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">La doctrina del Shock es el nombre que Naomi Klein (2007) le ha dado a una estrategia política cuyo propósito último es la instauración global de las reformas estructurales denominadas ""Consenso de Washington"" (o ""Neoliberalismo"").... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42411902" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">La doctrina del Shock es el nombre que Naomi Klein (2007) le ha dado a una estrategia política cuyo propósito último es la instauración global de las reformas estructurales denominadas ""Consenso de Washington"" (o ""Neoliberalismo""). Klein, en los diversos estudios de caso que utiliza para sustentar su tesis y que cubren alrededor de tres décadas (1973 a 2005), abarcan cuatro continentes, de Chile a EE.UU, pasando por Bolivia, Argentina, Brasil, Polonia, Rusia, China, Sudáfrica, Israel, no menciona a Colombia. Sin embargo, el caso colombiano (es decir, la historia de la instauración del modelo neoliberal en este país) bien podría constituirse en un ejemplo paradigmático de aplicación de la doctrina del shock pasado por alto en toda la literatura académica. Si se hace un corte histórico que inicia con la toma del Palacio de Justicia y el nacimiento de la Unión Patriótica (1985), y termina con el proceso constituyente de 1991, se configura un claro caso de aplicación del shock ya que el mismo Estado que facilita, por una lado, el genocidio de un grupo político específico, entre otros cientos casos de crímenes de lesa humanidad, por otro, y de manera acompasada, reforma su estructura básica (la Constitución) para hacerla compatible con el neoliberalismo. Con base en lo expuesto, el objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el Holocausto del Palacio de Justicia y el genocidio de la Unión Patriótica como ejemplos de la aplicación de la Doctrina del Shock en Colombia para la instauración del neoliberalismo en el país.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42411902" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="30b73578917f06662ad516671486df87" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62577917,"asset_id":42411902,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62577917/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="65038967" href="https://independent.academia.edu/VilmaSastoque">Vilma Sastoque Marin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="65038967" type="text/json">{"id":65038967,"first_name":"Vilma","last_name":"Sastoque Marin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VilmaSastoque","display_name":"Vilma Sastoque Marin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VilmaSastoque?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/65038967/93968703/140541290/s65_vilma.sastoque.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42411902 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42411902"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42411902, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42411902", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42411902]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42411902").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42411902").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42411902"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="802" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Economy">Political Economy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="802" type="text/json">{"id":802,"name":"Political Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Economy?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1697" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Violence">Violence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1697" type="text/json">{"id":1697,"name":"Violence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Violence?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42411902]'), work: {"id":42411902,"title":"LA DOCTRINA DEL SHOCK: ENTRE EL HOLOCAUSTO DEL PALACIO DE JUSTICIA Y EL BAILE ROJO, EL CABALLO DE TROYA DEL NEOLIBERALISMO EN LA CONSTITUCIÓN POLÍTICA DE COLOMBIA","created_at":"2020-03-30T17:20:03.189-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42411902/LA_DOCTRINA_DEL_SHOCK_ENTRE_EL_HOLOCAUSTO_DEL_PALACIO_DE_JUSTICIA_Y_EL_BAILE_ROJO_EL_CABALLO_DE_TROYA_DEL_NEOLIBERALISMO_EN_LA_CONSTITUCI%C3%93N_POL%C3%8DTICA_DE_COLOMBIA?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_42411902","summary":"La doctrina del Shock es el nombre que Naomi Klein (2007) le ha dado a una estrategia política cuyo propósito último es la instauración global de las reformas estructurales denominadas \"\"Consenso de Washington\"\" (o \"\"Neoliberalismo\"\"). Klein, en los diversos estudios de caso que utiliza para sustentar su tesis y que cubren alrededor de tres décadas (1973 a 2005), abarcan cuatro continentes, de Chile a EE.UU, pasando por Bolivia, Argentina, Brasil, Polonia, Rusia, China, Sudáfrica, Israel, no menciona a Colombia. Sin embargo, el caso colombiano (es decir, la historia de la instauración del modelo neoliberal en este país) bien podría constituirse en un ejemplo paradigmático de aplicación de la doctrina del shock pasado por alto en toda la literatura académica. Si se hace un corte histórico que inicia con la toma del Palacio de Justicia y el nacimiento de la Unión Patriótica (1985), y termina con el proceso constituyente de 1991, se configura un claro caso de aplicación del shock ya que el mismo Estado que facilita, por una lado, el genocidio de un grupo político específico, entre otros cientos casos de crímenes de lesa humanidad, por otro, y de manera acompasada, reforma su estructura básica (la Constitución) para hacerla compatible con el neoliberalismo. Con base en lo expuesto, el objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el Holocausto del Palacio de Justicia y el genocidio de la Unión Patriótica como ejemplos de la aplicación de la Doctrina del Shock en Colombia para la instauración del neoliberalismo en el país.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62577917,"asset_id":42411902,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":65038967,"first_name":"Vilma","last_name":"Sastoque Marin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VilmaSastoque","display_name":"Vilma Sastoque Marin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VilmaSastoque?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/65038967/93968703/140541290/s65_vilma.sastoque.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":802,"name":"Political Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Economy?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":1697,"name":"Violence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Violence?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":508399,"name":"The Shock Doctrine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Shock_Doctrine?f_ri=3261"},{"id":1190930,"name":"La Doctrina Del Shock","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/La_Doctrina_Del_Shock?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36220103" data-work_id="36220103" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36220103/Shaping_Peace_Processes_A_Comparison_between_Turkey_and_Colombia_Turkish_Policy_Quarterly_2018_">Shaping Peace Processes: A Comparison between Turkey and Colombia [Turkish Policy Quarterly, 2018]</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Despite having different trajectories and internal dynamics, the Colombia/FARC and the Turkey/PKK cases offer an interesting comparative lens through which to analyze the critical factors of any successful peace process. While the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36220103" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Despite having different trajectories and internal dynamics, the Colombia/FARC and the Turkey/PKK cases offer an interesting comparative lens through which to analyze the critical factors of any successful peace process. While the Colombian government and the FARC reached a groundbreaking peace agreement in 2016, terminating the country's 52-year internal conflict, the peace process between the Turkish state and the PKK collapsed in 2015, initiating a new cycle in the long-running conflict. This article argues that there are three critical factors which have spelled success for Colombia: favorable regional dynamics, a weakened terrorist organization, and a well-structured agenda for negotiation. In contrast, complicated regional dynamics, a strengthened terrorist organization, and a lack of fixed agenda in negotiations have ultimately stymied Turkey/PKK peace efforts.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36220103" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2eed8395202a240f4d3f647f4211a423" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56122870,"asset_id":36220103,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56122870/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="233588" href="https://msu-tr.academia.edu/MehmetOZKAN">Mehmet OZKAN</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="233588" type="text/json">{"id":233588,"first_name":"Mehmet","last_name":"OZKAN","domain_name":"msu-tr","page_name":"MehmetOZKAN","display_name":"Mehmet OZKAN","profile_url":"https://msu-tr.academia.edu/MehmetOZKAN?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/233588/59843/4791338/s65_mehmet.ozkan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36220103 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36220103"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36220103, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36220103", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36220103]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36220103").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36220103").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36220103"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1198" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_and_Conflict_Studies">Peace and Conflict Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1198" type="text/json">{"id":1198,"name":"Peace and Conflict Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_and_Conflict_Studies?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10966" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkey">Turkey</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10966" type="text/json">{"id":10966,"name":"Turkey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkey?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24048" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_Studies">Peace Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="24048" type="text/json">{"id":24048,"name":"Peace Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_Studies?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36220103]'), work: {"id":36220103,"title":"Shaping Peace Processes: A Comparison between Turkey and Colombia [Turkish Policy Quarterly, 2018]","created_at":"2018-03-21T09:15:12.879-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36220103/Shaping_Peace_Processes_A_Comparison_between_Turkey_and_Colombia_Turkish_Policy_Quarterly_2018_?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_36220103","summary":"Despite having different trajectories and internal dynamics, the Colombia/FARC and the Turkey/PKK cases offer an interesting comparative lens through which to analyze the critical factors of any successful peace process. While the Colombian government and the FARC reached a groundbreaking peace agreement in 2016, terminating the country's 52-year internal conflict, the peace process between the Turkish state and the PKK collapsed in 2015, initiating a new cycle in the long-running conflict. This article argues that there are three critical factors which have spelled success for Colombia: favorable regional dynamics, a weakened terrorist organization, and a well-structured agenda for negotiation. In contrast, complicated regional dynamics, a strengthened terrorist organization, and a lack of fixed agenda in negotiations have ultimately stymied Turkey/PKK peace efforts.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56122870,"asset_id":36220103,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":233588,"first_name":"Mehmet","last_name":"OZKAN","domain_name":"msu-tr","page_name":"MehmetOZKAN","display_name":"Mehmet OZKAN","profile_url":"https://msu-tr.academia.edu/MehmetOZKAN?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/233588/59843/4791338/s65_mehmet.ozkan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1198,"name":"Peace and Conflict Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_and_Conflict_Studies?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":10966,"name":"Turkey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkey?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":24048,"name":"Peace Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_Studies?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false},{"id":45559,"name":"Peace","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace?f_ri=3261"},{"id":174959,"name":"FARC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FARC?f_ri=3261"},{"id":2222750,"name":"Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kurdistan_Workers_Party_PKK_?f_ri=3261"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34763521" data-work_id="34763521" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34763521/Estado_y_minor%C3%ADas_%C3%A9tnicas_en_Colombia_Cap%C3%ADtulo_2">Estado y minorías étnicas en Colombia - Capítulo 2</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34763521" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8eed00b99e8d60192e60105b9fb83514" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54622496,"asset_id":34763521,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54622496/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="49058987" href="https://unal.academia.edu/MyriamStherJimenoSantoyo">Myriam Sther Jimeno Santoyo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="49058987" type="text/json">{"id":49058987,"first_name":"Myriam Sther Jimeno","last_name":"Santoyo","domain_name":"unal","page_name":"MyriamStherJimenoSantoyo","display_name":"Myriam Sther Jimeno Santoyo","profile_url":"https://unal.academia.edu/MyriamStherJimenoSantoyo?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/49058987/17830116/17847718/s65_myriam_sther_jimeno.santoyo.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34763521 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34763521"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34763521, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34763521", }); 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Poorly known across its range, in Colombia the species is mostly known only from scarce... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_32054134" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Striped Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus semistriatus is widespread Neotropical carnivore species, with a disjunct distribution from Mexico to Brazil. Poorly known across its range, in Colombia the species is mostly known only from scarce and sporadic records, but with no information for most aspects of its ecology or conservation status. Here we present the first record of the species for a peri-urban area of Bogotá, capital city of Colombia. Our record is the first for a large city across its range, located outside previous range estimates and confirming its presence for the tutelar mountains of the city. Although this record does not expand significantly the range of the species, it represents an important addition to the fauna of Bogotá, highlighting the importance of improving conservation measures for this important forest patch, and thus ecological integrity, in one of the largest cities in the Neotropics.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32054134" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6b8554a7713a03168b3b1190e26189ed" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52314825,"asset_id":32054134,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52314825/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjQ4Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="180289" href="https://uam-lerma.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9FGonz%C3%A1lezMaya">José F. González-Maya</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="180289" type="text/json">{"id":180289,"first_name":"José F.","last_name":"González-Maya","domain_name":"uam-lerma","page_name":"JoséFGonzálezMaya","display_name":"José F. González-Maya","profile_url":"https://uam-lerma.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9FGonz%C3%A1lezMaya?f_ri=3261","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/180289/44588/2076096/s65_jos_f..gonz_lez-maya.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-32054134">+6</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-32054134"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://cordoba.academia.edu/IreneAconchaAbril">Irene Aconcha Abril</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://procat-conservation.academia.edu/JSebastianJim%C3%A9nezAlvarado">J. Sebastian Jiménez-Alvarado</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://wcs.academia.edu/MauricioVela">Mauricio Vela</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://colostate.academia.edu/AnthonyGiordano">Anthony J Giordano</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/HeRa">Hector E. Ramírez-Chaves</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/JSebasti%C3%A1nJim%C3%A9nezAlvarado">J. Sebastián Jiménez Alvarado</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-32054134'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-32054134').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32054134 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32054134"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32054134, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32054134", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_32054134 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32054134; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_32054134"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_32054134 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="32054134"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32054134; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32054134]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_32054134").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_32054134").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32054134"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2467" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation_Biology">Conservation Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2467" type="text/json">{"id":2467,"name":"Conservation Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation_Biology?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2809" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation">Conservation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2809" type="text/json">{"id":2809,"name":"Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia">Colombia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3261" type="text/json">{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9846" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9846" type="text/json">{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=3261","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32054134]'), work: {"id":32054134,"title":"First confirmed record of the Striped Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus semistriatus from peri-urban Bogotá, Colombia","created_at":"2017-03-26T11:23:42.128-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32054134/First_confirmed_record_of_the_Striped_Hog_nosed_Skunk_Conepatus_semistriatus_from_peri_urban_Bogot%C3%A1_Colombia?f_ri=3261","dom_id":"work_32054134","summary":"The Striped Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus semistriatus is widespread Neotropical carnivore species, with a disjunct distribution from Mexico to Brazil. 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Although this record does not expand significantly the range of the species, it represents an important addition to the fauna of Bogotá, highlighting the importance of improving conservation measures for this important forest patch, and thus ecological integrity, in one of the largest cities in the Neotropics.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52314825,"asset_id":32054134,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":180289,"first_name":"José F.","last_name":"González-Maya","domain_name":"uam-lerma","page_name":"JoséFGonzálezMaya","display_name":"José F. 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