What is Optics?

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class=""> <head> <title>What is Optics? | Optica</title> <meta name="description" content="Optica is the leading society in optics and photonics. Quality information and inspiring interactions through publications, meetings, and membership." /> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,shrink-to-fit=no"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="O8GQM5c8kWiX8AlBF0x___NvqBslQHkS5fU89l7_lFE" /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="7O342y8sdwfisgna77OFVUnjk_I7b_7TPJSF6cY8O5w" /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="lFCb00qSSgOFRJPRNVs7uUFxoUJzHBMnDOxBPnuA4qA" /> <meta name="facebook-domain-verification" content="mfx4ntf75cih86ugui5adb5sb913if" /> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "name":"Optica", "url": "https://www.optica.org", "logo": "https://www.optica.org/osaorg/media/optica/about/newsroom/logos/Optica_transition_logo_black@2x.png", "founder":"Perley G. Nutting", "sameAs": [ "https://www.facebook.com/opticaworldwide", "https://www.twitter.com/opticaworldwide/", "https://www.linkedin.com/company/optica-worldwide", "https://www.youtube.com/OpticaWorldwide", "https://www.instagram.com/optica.worldwide/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optica_(society)" ] } </script> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org/", "@type": "WebSite", "name": "Optica", "url": "https://optica.org/", "potentialAction": { "@type": "SearchAction", "target": "https://www.optica.org/search/?searchtext={search_term_string}", "query-input": "required name=search_term_string" } } </script> <script type="importmap"> { "imports": { "jquery": "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/combine/npm/jquery@3.5.1/dist/jquery.slim.min.js,npm/popper.js@1.16.1,npm/bootstrap@4.5.0,npm/masonry-layout@4.2.2/dist/masonry.pkgd.min.js,npm/packery@2.1.2/dist/packery.pkgd.min.js,npm/imagesloaded@5.0.0/imagesloaded.pkgd.min.js" } } </script> <link href="/_content/Kentico.Content.Web.Rcl/Content/Bundles/Public/systemPageComponents.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />  <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-M2ZC33M');</script>  <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/jpg" href="/img/template-images/favicon.ico" /> <link type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon" href="/img/template-images/favicon.ico" /> <link type="image/x-icon" rel="icon" href="/img/template-images/favicon.ico" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/img/template-images/apple-touch-icon.png" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/img/template-images/favicon-32x32.png" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/img/template-images/favicon-16x16.png" /> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/img/template-images/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#603cba" /> <meta name="theme-color" content="#771bc9" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Material+Icons|Material+Icons+Outlined"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.materialdesignicons.com/5.3.45/css/materialdesignicons.min.css"> <script src="https://kit.fontawesome.com/1eaee2a481.js" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/style.css?v=43eDWTBiB21PUEdhs3y_7oBhcJ2P5kcZw3A5K7eueSw"> </head> <body class="LTR Chrome ENUS ContentBody">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-M2ZC33M" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>  <div class="page"> <a class="sr-only sr-only-focusable" href="#content" aria-label="Skip To Content">Skip To Content</a> <header> <div class="secondary-header bg-lightblue"> <div class="secondary-header__wrapper container"> <div class="d-flex mr-auto"> <button aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" class="btn align-self-center" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#otherSitesModal" id="sitesMenuButton"> <i class="fa-solid fa-grid-round mr-1"></i>Other Sites </button> <div id="otherSitesModal" aria-labelledby="sitesMenuButton" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true" class="modal fade border-gray-200 p-0"> <div class="modal-dialog m-0 w-100 modal-dialog-othersites bg-lightblue"> <div class="modal-content container px-0 bg-transparent border-0"> <div class="modal-header border-0 px-0 py-2"> <h5 class="modal-title"> <span class="fa-solid fa-grid-round mr-1"></span> Other sites </h5> <button class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="close" type="button"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button> </div> <div class="modal-body px-0 py-2"> <ul class="app-menu"> <li class="app-menu__item"> <h5> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://awards.optica.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> BEAM </a> </h5> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <h5> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://www.cleoconference.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> CLEO </a> </h5> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <h5> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://www.frontiersinoptics.com"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> FIO+LS </a> </h5> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <h5> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://www.gemminitiative.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> GEMM Initiative </a> </h5> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <h5> <a class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://www.optica.org/history"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> Living History </a> </h5> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <h5> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://www.lightourfuture.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> NPI </a> </h5> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <h5> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://www.ofcconference.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> OFC </a> </h5> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <h5> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://www.optica-opn.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> OPN </a> </h5> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <h5> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://opg.optica.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> Optica Publishing Group </a> </h5> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <h5> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://www.opticastore.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> Optica Store </a> </h5> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <h5> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://www.optics4kids.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> Optics 4 Kids </a> </h5> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <h5> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://prism.optica.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> Prism </a> </h5> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="secondary-nav"> <ul class="secondary-nav__list d-flex"> <li class="secondary-nav__item "> <a class="secondary-nav__link" href="/foundation/"> Foundation </a> </li> <li class="secondary-nav__item dropdown"> <a class="secondary-nav__link dropdown-toggle" href="#" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false"> Careers <span class="fas fa-chevron-down ml-1"></span> </a> <div class="nav-menu nav-menu--secondary dropdown-menu "> <ul class="col list-unstyled mx-1 d-flex flex-row"> <div> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/careers/"> Explore Careers </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/careers/for_employers/"> For Employers </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/careers/professional_development/"> Professional Development </a> </li> </div> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="secondary-nav__item dropdown"> <a class="secondary-nav__link dropdown-toggle" href="#" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false"> About <span class="fas fa-chevron-down ml-1"></span> </a> <div class="nav-menu nav-menu--secondary dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right"> <ul class="col list-unstyled mx-1 d-flex flex-row"> <div> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/about/"> About Optica </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/about/leadership_and_volunteers/"> Leadership & Volunteers </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/about/optica_community/"> Optica Community </a> </li> </div> <div> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/about/newsroom/"> Newsroom </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/about/what_is_optics/"> What is Optics </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/history/"> Living History </a> </li> </div> <div> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/history/milestones/"> Milestone Events & Celebrations </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/history/optica_timeline/"> Optica Timeline </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/history/biographies/"> Biographies & Memoirs </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/history/multimedia/"> Multimedia </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/history/optica_nobel_laureates/"> Optica Nobel Laureates </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/history/amplify_black_voices_in_optics/"> Amplify Black Voices in Optics </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/history/faces_of_optica/"> Faces of Optica </a> </li> </div> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="secondary-nav"> <ul class="secondary-nav__list"> <li class="secondary-nav__item"> <a class="p-1 secondary-nav__link" href="/account/login/?returnUrl=%2Fabout%2Fwhat_is_optics%2F">Log In</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <a class="btn text-black align-self-center d-none d-xl-block" href="/search"> <span class="sr-only">Search</span> <span class="fa-regular fa-magnifying-glass h5" aria-hidden="true"></span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="main-header"> <div class="main-header__wrapper pl-2"> <a class="main-header__logo" href="http://www.optica.org"> <span class="sr-only">Optica</span> <svg viewBox="0 0 1000 150" fill="currentColor" width="100%" height="100%"> <path d="M134.07,67.55c.03,37.24-30.14,67.45-67.38,67.48-33.29.02-61.61-24.24-66.69-57.14h20c5.71,25.73,31.21,41.96,56.94,36.25s41.96-31.21,36.25-56.94S81.98,15.24,56.25,20.95c-17.7,3.93-31.64,17.54-35.99,35.14H.16C6.49,19.39,41.37-5.23,78.06,1.1c32.35,5.58,55.98,33.63,55.98,66.46h.03ZM442.64,132.79h20.58V2.31h-20.58v130.48ZM229.54,2.31h-65.94v130.48h20.58V21.47h41.68c18.58,0,28,6.19,28,18.89,0,14.71-15.22,18.36-28,18.36h-19.92v19.17h24.09c12.65,0,23.55-3.25,31.53-9.39,8.62-6.63,13.18-16.74,13.18-28.14.04-22.91-18.14-38.05-45.2-38.05ZM342.35,132.79h20.59V38.12h-20.59v94.67ZM295.14,2.31h115v19.16h-115V2.31ZM715.49,2.31h-18.93l-63.12,130.47h22.21l50.38-104.12,23.91,49.23h-26l-9.24,19.17h44.46l17.23,35.72h22.21L715.49,2.31ZM608.49,82.45c-8.23,25.05-35.21,38.68-60.26,30.44s-38.68-35.21-30.44-60.26c8.23-25.05,35.21-38.68,60.26-30.44,13.82,4.54,24.81,15.14,29.86,28.78h20.59c-9.14-36.15-45.86-58.04-82-48.9-36.15,9.14-58.04,45.86-48.9,82,9.14,36.15,45.86,58.04,82,48.9,24.62-6.23,43.67-25.75,49.29-50.52h-20.4Z"/> </svg> </a> <nav class="main-nav"> <ul class="main-nav__list"> <li class="main-nav__item dropdown"> <a class="main-nav__link dropdown-toggle" href="#" role="button" data-display="static" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false"> Events <span class="fas fa-chevron-down ml-1"></span> </a> <div class="dropdown-menu nav-menu dropdown-menu-lg-right"> <div class="d-flex flex-row"> <ul class="list-unstyled px-1"> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/events/"> Overview </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/events/meeting_opportunities/"> Services </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/events/meeting_archives/"> Archives </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="list-unstyled px-1"> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/events/"> Event Calendar </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/events/speakers/"> Speaker Resources </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="list-unstyled px-1"> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-nav__item dropdown"> <a class="main-nav__link dropdown-toggle" href="#" role="button" data-display="static" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false"> Membership <span class="fas fa-chevron-down ml-1"></span> </a> <div class="dropdown-menu nav-menu dropdown-menu-lg-right"> <div class="d-flex flex-row"> <ul class="list-unstyled px-1"> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/membership/"> Overview </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/membership/join/individual/"> Individual </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/membership/join/corporate/"> Corporate </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="list-unstyled px-1"> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/membership/distinguished_honorary/"> Distinguished & Honorary </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/membership/member_programs/"> Member Programs </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/membership/member_resources/"> Member Resources </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="list-unstyled px-1"> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/membership/join/"> Join Optica </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/membership/benefits_services/"> Benefits & Services </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-nav__item "> <a class="main-nav__link" href="/publications/"> Publications </a> </li> <li class="main-nav__item dropdown"> <a class="main-nav__link dropdown-toggle" href="#" role="button" data-display="static" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false"> Industry Resources <span class="fas fa-chevron-down ml-1"></span> </a> <div class="dropdown-menu nav-menu dropdown-menu-lg-right"> <div class="d-flex flex-row"> <ul class="list-unstyled px-1"> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/industry/"> Overview </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/industry/corporate_membership/"> Corporate Membership </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/industry/industry_events/"> Industry Events </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="list-unstyled px-1"> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/industry/online_industry_library/"> Market Intelligence </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/industry/exhibitions/"> Marketing </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/about/newsroom/corporate_member_news/"> Corporate Member News </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-nav__item dropdown"> <a class="main-nav__link dropdown-toggle" href="#" role="button" data-display="static" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false"> Community <span class="fas fa-chevron-down ml-1"></span> </a> <div class="dropdown-menu nav-menu dropdown-menu-lg-right"> <div class="d-flex flex-row"> <ul class="list-unstyled px-1"> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/get_involved/"> Overview </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/get_involved/awards_and_honors/"> Awards & Honors </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/get_involved/global_inclusivity/"> Global Inclusivity </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/get_involved/earlycareer/"> Early Career </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/get_involved/education_outreach/"> Education Outreach </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/get_involved/public_policy/"> Global Policy & Affairs </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="list-unstyled px-1"> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/get_involved/local_section/"> Local Sections </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/get_involved/students/"> Students </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/get_involved/technical_groups/"> Technical Groups </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/get_involved/volunteer/"> Volunteer </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> <button aria-controls="mobileNavMenu" aria-expanded="false" class="btn p-1 text-white align-self-center d-block d-xl-none" id="mobileMainNavToggle" type="button" data-target="#mobileNavMenu"> <span class="sr-only">Menu</span> <span class="fa-solid fa-bars h5" aria-hidden="true"></span> </button> </nav> </div> </div> </header> <main id="content"> <section class="page-title "> <div class="page-title__breadcrumb mb-0"> <div class="container"> <a class="text-capitalize" href="/home/">Home</a> <span class="divider">></span> <a class="text-capitalize" href="/about/">About</a> </div> </div> <div class="container py-1"> <h1 class="pt-2 pb-1">What is Optics?</h1> </div> </section> <div class="bg-white position-relative"> <img class="hero-img-cover" src="https://optica-org-web-afd-f9abf4byhbacgfgk.z02.azurefd.net/optica/media/optica/about/high-harmonic_generation_final.png?ext=.png" alt=""> <div class="container-lg"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-6 col-xl-5 col-xxl-4 p-0 pt-lg-3 pb-lg-3"> <div class="bg-black flex-grow-0 position-static p-2 m-lg-2"> <h6 class="text-secondary font-weight-bold">Optics: : [op-tiks] - noun </h6> <h1 class="card-title h4">What is Optics?</h1> <p>The science of light. The study of the eye and vision. Lasers. Telescopes. Microscopes. What makes the sky blue, how rainbows form, and why stars twinkle. Manufacturing computer chips. Environmental monitoring and more every day. <br /> <br /> Syn.: Photonics (in the context of engineering)</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="row py-2 py-md-3"> <div class="col-lg-3"> <div class="d-none d-lg-block"> <h6 class="font-weight-bold mb-2">About Optica</h6> <ul class="nav nav-pills flex-column"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 " href="/about/optica_community/"> Optica Community </a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 " href="/about/about_our_brand/"> About Our Brand </a> <button type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#item-1" class="d-none d-sm-inline-block btn btn-link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="item-1"> <i class="fal fa-chevron-down" aria-hidden="true"></i> </button> <div id="item-1" class="collapse "> <ul class="nav nav-pills flex-column ml-3"> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/about_our_brand/guiding_principles/"> Guiding Principles </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/about_our_brand/frequently_asked_questions/"> Frequently Asked Questions </a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 " href="/about/strategy/"> Strategy </a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 " href="/about/leadership_and_volunteers/"> Leadership & Volunteers </a> <button type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#item-3" class="d-none d-sm-inline-block btn btn-link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="item-3"> <i class="fal fa-chevron-down" aria-hidden="true"></i> </button> <div id="item-3" class="collapse "> <ul class="nav nav-pills flex-column ml-3"> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/leadership_and_volunteers/board/"> Board of Directors </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/leadership_and_volunteers/volunteer_opportunities/"> Volunteer Opportunities </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/leadership_and_volunteers/past_officers/"> Past Officers </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/leadership_and_volunteers/councils/"> Councils and Committees </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/leadership_and_volunteers/executive_staff/"> Executive Staff </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/leadership_and_volunteers/optica-election-2025/"> Election for 2025 Offices </a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 " href="/about/newsroom/"> Newsroom </a> <button type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#item-4" class="d-none d-sm-inline-block btn btn-link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="item-4"> <i class="fal fa-chevron-down" aria-hidden="true"></i> </button> <div id="item-4" class="collapse "> <ul class="nav nav-pills flex-column ml-3"> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/news_releases/"> News Releases </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/optica_in_the_news/"> Optica in the News </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/corporate_member_news/"> Corporate Member News </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/member_news/"> Member News </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/the_optical_society_blog/"> Discover Optica Blog </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/obituaries/"> Obituaries </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/optica_press_kit/"> Optica Press Kit </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/optica_logos_guidelines/"> Logos and Use Guidelines </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/media_relations/"> Media Relations </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/socialmediahub/"> Social Media Hub </a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 font-weight-bold" href="/about/what_is_optics/"> What is Optics? </a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 " href="/about/history/"> Living History </a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 " href="/about/work_at_optica/"> Work at Optica </a> <button type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#item-7" class="d-none d-sm-inline-block btn btn-link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="item-7"> <i class="fal fa-chevron-down" aria-hidden="true"></i> </button> <div id="item-7" class="collapse "> <ul class="nav nav-pills flex-column ml-3"> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/work_at_optica/controller/"> Controller </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/work_at_optica/publisher_optica_publishing_group/"> Publisher, Optica Publishing Group </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/work_at_optica/corporate_events_marketing_manager/"> Corporate Events & Marketing Manager </a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 " href="/about/contact/"> Contact Us </a> <button type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#item-8" class="d-none d-sm-inline-block btn btn-link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="item-8"> <i class="fal fa-chevron-down" aria-hidden="true"></i> </button> <div id="item-8" class="collapse "> <ul class="nav nav-pills flex-column ml-3"> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/contact/global_headquarters/"> Global Headquarters </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/contact/visit/"> Visit Optica </a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 " href="/about/policies/"> Policies </a> <button type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#item-9" class="d-none d-sm-inline-block btn btn-link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="item-9"> <i class="fal fa-chevron-down" aria-hidden="true"></i> </button> <div id="item-9" class="collapse "> <ul class="nav nav-pills flex-column ml-3"> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/policies/code_of_conduct/"> Code of Conduct </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/policies/event_policies_and_terms/"> Event Policies and Terms </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/policies/privacy_policy/"> Privacy Policy </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/policies/terms_of_use/"> Terms of Use </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/policies/cookie_notice/"> Cookie Notice </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/policies/funding_support_for_optica_events/"> Funding Support for Optica Events </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/policies/registration_waivers_for_emerging_economies/"> Registration Waivers for Emerging Economies </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/policies/payments/"> Recurring Payments </a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="dropdown d-lg-none"> <button class="btn btn-outline-primary dropdown-toggle px-1 mb-2 w-100" type="button" id="subNavButton" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> > Menu </button> <div class="dropdown-menu px-0 py-1 w-100" aria-labelledby="subNavButton"> <ul class="nav nav-pills flex-column"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 " href="/about/optica_community/"> Optica Community </a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 " href="/about/about_our_brand/"> About Our Brand </a> <ul class="nav nav-pills flex-column ml-2"> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/about_our_brand/guiding_principles/"> Guiding Principles </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/about_our_brand/frequently_asked_questions/"> Frequently Asked Questions </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 " href="/about/strategy/"> Strategy </a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 " href="/about/leadership_and_volunteers/"> Leadership & Volunteers </a> <ul class="nav nav-pills flex-column ml-2"> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/leadership_and_volunteers/board/"> Board of Directors </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/leadership_and_volunteers/volunteer_opportunities/"> Volunteer Opportunities </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/leadership_and_volunteers/past_officers/"> Past Officers </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/leadership_and_volunteers/councils/"> Councils and Committees </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/leadership_and_volunteers/executive_staff/"> Executive Staff </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/leadership_and_volunteers/optica-election-2025/"> Election for 2025 Offices </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 " href="/about/newsroom/"> Newsroom </a> <ul class="nav nav-pills flex-column ml-2"> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/news_releases/"> News Releases </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/optica_in_the_news/"> Optica in the News </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/corporate_member_news/"> Corporate Member News </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/member_news/"> Member News </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/the_optical_society_blog/"> Discover Optica Blog </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/obituaries/"> Obituaries </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/optica_press_kit/"> Optica Press Kit </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/optica_logos_guidelines/"> Logos and Use Guidelines </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/media_relations/"> Media Relations </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/newsroom/socialmediahub/"> Social Media Hub </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 font-weight-bold" href="/about/what_is_optics/"> What is Optics? </a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 " href="/about/history/"> Living History </a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 " href="/about/work_at_optica/"> Work at Optica </a> <ul class="nav nav-pills flex-column ml-2"> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/work_at_optica/controller/"> Controller </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/work_at_optica/publisher_optica_publishing_group/"> Publisher, Optica Publishing Group </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/work_at_optica/corporate_events_marketing_manager/"> Corporate Events & Marketing Manager </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 " href="/about/contact/"> Contact Us </a> <ul class="nav nav-pills flex-column ml-2"> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/contact/global_headquarters/"> Global Headquarters </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/contact/visit/"> Visit Optica </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link d-inline-flex mr-0 pr-0 " href="/about/policies/"> Policies </a> <ul class="nav nav-pills flex-column ml-2"> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/policies/code_of_conduct/"> Code of Conduct </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/policies/event_policies_and_terms/"> Event Policies and Terms </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/policies/privacy_policy/"> Privacy Policy </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/policies/terms_of_use/"> Terms of Use </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/policies/cookie_notice/"> Cookie Notice </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/policies/funding_support_for_optica_events/"> Funding Support for Optica Events </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/policies/registration_waivers_for_emerging_economies/"> Registration Waivers for Emerging Economies </a> </li> <li> <a class="nav-item nav-link " href="/about/policies/payments/"> Recurring Payments </a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-lg-8" id="BodyContent"> <body> <div class="d-xl-none"> <p class="lead">Optics includes the study of electromagnetic radiation (for example, light and infrared radiation), its interactions with matter and instruments used to gather information due to these interactions. It also includes the study of sight.</p> </div> <div class="d-none d-xl-block"> <div class="card-group bg-black"> <div class="card bg-black"> <div class="card-body"> <div class="hover-content position-absolute bg-white d-flex-column align-items-center" id="ChormaicContent" style="display: none; color:#771bc9; height: 80%; width: 92%; opacity:0.9;"> <p class="hover-content m-0 p-1"><strong>I look at the interaction of light with very small particles, even down to the size of atoms.</strong></p> </div> <p style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Sile Nic Chormaic" class="card-img-top" src="https://optica-org-web-afd-f9abf4byhbacgfgk.z02.azurefd.net/optica/media/optica/headshots/chormaic-sile-nic672x672.jpg" /> <a class="btn btn-outline-primary w-100" href="#Chormaic" onmouseout="document.getElementById('ChormaicContent').style.display = 'none';" onmouseover="document.getElementById('ChormaicContent').style.display = 'flex';">ATOMIC PHYSICS</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="card bg-black d-flex"> <div class="card-body align-items-center d-flex justify-content-middle"> <div class="card-text"> <p class="lead" style="text-align: center;"> </p> <p class="lead" style="text-align: center;"><meta charset="utf-8" /></p> <p dir="ltr" style="text-align: center;"><b id="docs-internal-guid-8a476044-7fff-dd73-bc2c-6ee7d5610dc1">Optics and photonics are what our members do. </b></p> <p dir="ltr" style="text-align: center;"><b>They're making life better every day through the science of light.</b></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card bg-black"> <div class="card-body"> <div class="hover-content position-absolute bg-white d-flex-column align-items-center" id="BowdenContent" style="display: none; color:#771bc9; height: 80%; width: 92%; opacity:0.9;"> <p class="hover-content m-0 p-1"><strong>In short, we study how to use light to improve life.</strong></p> </div> <img alt="Audrey Bowden" class="card-img-top" src="https://optica-org-web-afd-f9abf4byhbacgfgk.z02.azurefd.net/optica/media/optica/headshots/bowden-audrey-1461x1416.jpg" /> <a class="btn btn-outline-primary w-100" href="#Bowden" onmouseout="document.getElementById('BowdenContent').style.display = 'none';" onmouseover="document.getElementById('BowdenContent').style.display = 'flex';">BIOPHOTONICS</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="card-group bg-black mb-1"> <div class="card bg-black"> <div class="card-body"> <div class="hover-content position-absolute bg-white d-flex-column align-items-center" id="WinfulContent" style="display: none; color:#771bc9; height: 80%; width: 92%; opacity:0.9;"> <p class="hover-content m-0 p-1"><strong>I do research in nonlinear optics, which deals with how intense laser light modifies the properties of materials and is in turn affected by those changes.</strong></p> </div> <img alt="Herbert Winful" class="card-img-top" src="https://optica-org-web-afd-f9abf4byhbacgfgk.z02.azurefd.net/optica/media/optica/headshots/winful-herbert-672x672.jpg" /> <a class="btn btn-outline-primary w-100" href="#Winful" onmouseout="document.getElementById('WinfulContent').style.display = 'none';" onmouseover="document.getElementById('WinfulContent').style.display = 'flex';">LASERS</a></div> </div> <div class="card bg-black"> <div class="card-body"> <div class="hover-content position-absolute bg-white d-flex-column align-items-center" id="EichenholzContent" style="display: none; color:#771bc9; height: 80%; width: 92%; opacity:0.9;"> <p class="hover-content m-0 p-1"><strong>I focus on the commercialization of optics and photonics technologies to solve challenging problems to change the world.</strong></p> </div> <img alt="Jason Eichenholz" class="card-img-top" src="https://optica-org-web-afd-f9abf4byhbacgfgk.z02.azurefd.net/optica/media/optica/headshots/eichenholz-jason-1416x1416.jpg" /> <a class="btn btn-outline-primary w-100" href="#Eichenholz" onmouseout="document.getElementById('EichenholzContent').style.display = 'none';" onmouseover="document.getElementById('EichenholzContent').style.display = 'flex';">PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT</a></div> </div> <div class="card bg-black"> <div class="card-body"> <div class="hover-content position-absolute bg-white d-flex-column align-items-center" id="FuchsContent" style="display: none; color:#771bc9; height: 80%; width: 92%; opacity:0.9;"> <p class="hover-content m-0 p-1"><strong>I am involved in many research and development projects for customers, from optical and mechanical design, to manufacturing of optical components, to integration and subsequent testing.</strong></p> </div> <img alt="Ulrike Fuchs" class="card-img-top" src="https://optica-org-web-afd-f9abf4byhbacgfgk.z02.azurefd.net/optica/media/optica/headshots/fuchs-ulrike-672x672.jpg" /> <a class="btn btn-outline-primary w-100" href="#Fuchs" onmouseout="document.getElementById('FuchsContent').style.display = 'none';" onmouseover="document.getElementById('FuchsContent').style.display = 'flex';">OPTICAL SYSTEMS</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card card-wide bg-black p-2"> <div class="card-tile-item"> <div class="row no-gutters h-100"> <div class="col-md-5 h-100 px-1"><img alt="Audrey Bowden" class="card-img" src="https://optica-org-web-afd-f9abf4byhbacgfgk.z02.azurefd.net/optica/media/optica/headshots/bowden-audrey-1461x1416.jpg" /></div> <div class="card-body col-md-7 p-1"> <h3 class="card-title mb-0"><a id="Bowden" name="Bowden"></a>Audrey Bowden</h3> <h5 class="mb-0 text-secondary font-weight-bold">Biophotonics</h5> <h6 class="text-secondary mb-2">Vanderbilt University</h6> <div class="card-text flex-grow-1"> <p class="font-weight-normal">My research in the area of biomedical optics aims to develop technologies that leverage the power of light to assess health, detect disease, and monitor or deliver treatment. In short, we study how to use light to improve life.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card card-wide bg-black p-2"> <div class="card-tile-item"> <div class="row no-gutters h-100"> <p class="col-md-5 order-md-2 h-100 px-1"><img alt="Jason Eichenholz" class="card-img" src="https://optica-org-web-afd-f9abf4byhbacgfgk.z02.azurefd.net/optica/media/optica/headshots/eichenholz-jason-1416x1416.jpg" /></p> <div class="col-md-7 order-md-1"> <div class="card-bodyp-1"> <h3 class="card-title mb-0"><a id="Eichenholz" name="Eichenholz"></a>Jason Eichenholz</h3> <h5 class="mb-0 text-secondary font-weight-bold">Product Development</h5> <h6 class="text-secondary mb-2">Luminar Technologies</h6> <div class="card-text flex-grow-1"> <p class="font-weight-normal">As a serial entrepreneur, I focus on the commercialization of optics and photonics technologies to solve challenging problems to change the world. I have leveraged my technical and business acumen to find new market opportunities that have enabled a variety of applications from autonomous vehicles, battlefield explosives sensors, early cancer detection, new drug delivery systems, and environmental studies from the depths of the oceans to the top of Mt. Everest and even on the Moon and Mars.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card card-wide bg-black p-2"> <div class="card-tile-item"> <div class="row no-gutters h-100"> <p class="col-md-5 h-100 px-1"><img alt="Ulrike Fuchs" class="card-img" src="https://optica-org-web-afd-f9abf4byhbacgfgk.z02.azurefd.net/optica/media/optica/headshots/fuchs-ulrike-672x672.jpg" /></p> <div class="card-body col-md-7 p-1"> <h3 class="card-title mb-0"><a id="Fuchs" name="Fuchs"></a>Ulrike Fuchs</h3> <h5 class="mb-0 text-secondary font-weight-bold">Optical Systems</h5> <h6 class="text-secondary mb-2">Asphericon</h6> <div class="card-text flex-grow-1"> <p class="font-weight-normal">At asphericon, I am involved in many research and development projects for customers, from optical and mechanical design, to manufacturing of optical components, to integration and subsequent testing. Again and again, this is an exciting and thrilling process, which fascinates me by its elegant solutions utilizing light.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card card-wide bg-black p-2"> <div class="card-tile-item"> <div class="row no-gutters h-100"> <p class="col-md-5 order-md-2 h-100 px-1"><img alt="Sile Nic Chormaic" class="card-img" src="https://optica-org-web-afd-f9abf4byhbacgfgk.z02.azurefd.net/optica/media/optica/headshots/chormaic-sile-nic672x672.jpg" /></p> <div class="col-md-7 order-md-1"> <div class="card-body p-1"> <h3 class="card-title mb-0"><a id="Chormaic" name="Chormaic"></a>Sile Nic Chormaic</h3> <h5 class="mb-0 text-secondary font-weight-bold">Atomic physics & more</h5> <h6 class="text-secondary mb-2">Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology</h6> <div class="card-text flex-grow-1"> <p>I look at the interaction of light with very small particles, even down to the size of atoms. My fascination with optics is that light itself has so many wonderful hidden secrets waiting to be discovered, but it also allows us to understand what is around us by using it as a tool to study systems in chemistry, biology, and neuroscience, to name just a few areas. Light is life!</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card card-wide bg-black p-2"> <div class="card-tile-item"> <div class="row no-gutters h-100"> <div class="col-md-5 h-100 px-1"><img alt="Herbert Winful" class="card-img" src="https://optica-org-web-afd-f9abf4byhbacgfgk.z02.azurefd.net/optica/media/optica/headshots/winful-herbert-672x672.jpg" /></div> <div class="card-body col-md-7 pr-1"> <h3 class="card-title mb-0"><a id="Winful" name="Winful"></a>Herbert Winful</h3> <h5 class="mb-0 text-secondary font-weight-bold">Lasers</h5> <h6 class="text-secondary mb-2">University of Michigan</h6> <div class="card-text flex-grow-1"> <p>I do research in nonlinear optics, which deals with how intense laser light modifies the properties of materials and is in turn affected by those changes. It makes it possible for light to generate harmonics or overtones of itself and is also the basis for generating intense ultrashort pulses in a process called mode locking.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer class="footer bg-black pb-3"> <div class="container py-2"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 py-1 py-lg-2"> <svg class="my-2" viewBox="0 0 778.66 208.72" fill="currentColor" style="max-width: 255px;"> <path d="M6.94,192.36l-2.84,8H0l9.83-27.82h5.11l10.24,27.82h-4.38l-2.94-8H6.94ZM16.85,188.86c-2.52-7-3.94-10.9-4.56-13.09h0c-.68,2.43-2.26,7.07-4.3,13.09h8.86Z" /> <path d="M46.09,170.97v29.37h-3.78c-.11-.91-.17-1.82-.19-2.74-1,2-3,3.22-6.3,3.22-5.22,0-8.45-4.23-8.45-10.47s3.47-10.88,9.14-10.88c3.48,0,5.08,1.37,5.61,2.47v-11l3.97.03ZM31.48,190.23c0,4.74,2.19,7.31,5.3,7.31,4.6,0,5.53-3.47,5.53-7.64s-.86-7.15-5.28-7.15c-3.47,0-5.55,2.75-5.55,7.48Z" /> <path d="M53.8,179.95c2.59,8.06,4.52,14.26,5.1,16.78h0c.51-2.48,2.65-8.59,5.46-16.78h4l-7.42,20.39h-4.27l-7.08-20.39h4.21Z" /> <path d="M86.73,195.73c-.01,1.54.08,3.08.28,4.61h-3.76c-.21-.83-.32-1.68-.32-2.54-.72,1.32-2.3,3-6.19,3-4.83,0-6.89-3.15-6.89-6.26,0-4.57,3.61-6.67,9.65-6.67h3.37v-1.64c0-1.73-.56-3.77-4.15-3.77-3.2,0-3.77,1.55-4.12,3.12h-3.79c.28-3,2.12-6.15,8-6.13,5.08,0,7.88,2.07,7.88,6.75l.04,9.53ZM82.94,190.53h-3.1c-3.94,0-5.94,1.1-5.94,3.8,0,2,1.35,3.48,3.77,3.48,4.65,0,5.27-3.15,5.27-6.65v-.63Z" /> <path d="M92.62,185.09c0-1.77,0-3.58-.05-5.14h3.82c.1.58.16,2.59.16,3.2.79-1.66,2.45-3.68,6.32-3.68s6.8,2.42,6.8,7.78v13.09h-3.93v-12.6c0-2.93-1.12-4.93-4.11-4.93-3.57,0-5.08,2.62-5.08,6.62v10.91h-3.93v-15.25Z" /> <path d="M131.87,194.03c-.84,3.49-3.22,6.79-8.58,6.79-5.75,0-9.19-4.11-9.19-10.56,0-5.81,3.35-10.79,9.45-10.79s8.08,4.33,8.32,6.9h-3.93c-.31-2.21-2.27-3.81-4.5-3.67-3.41,0-5.34,2.93-5.34,7.43s1.9,7.48,5.23,7.48c2.43,0,3.83-1.32,4.6-3.58h3.94Z" /> <path d="M136.26,170.97h3.93v4.52h-3.93v-4.52ZM136.26,179.97h3.93v20.39h-3.93v-20.39Z" /> <path d="M146.05,185.09v-5.14h3.82c.1.58.15,2.59.15,3.2.79-1.66,2.45-3.68,6.32-3.68s6.8,2.42,6.8,7.78v13.09h-3.93v-12.6c0-2.93-1.12-4.93-4.11-4.93-3.57,0-5.08,2.62-5.08,6.62v10.91h-3.93l-.04-15.25Z" /> <path d="M186.04,198.38c0,6.53-2.64,10.34-9.51,10.34-6.42,0-8.24-3.6-8.58-6.28h4c.56,2.07,2.21,3.21,4.74,3.21,4.45,0,5.51-2.8,5.51-7.36v-1.52c-1.08,2.19-2.92,3.44-6.26,3.44-5.08,0-8.43-4.15-8.43-10,0-6.6,3.86-10.71,8.82-10.71,3.82,0,5.43,1.79,5.87,3.07,0-.85.13-2.18.17-2.59h3.72c0,1.3-.06,3.92-.06,5.88v12.52ZM171.59,190.01c0,4.15,2.14,6.9,5.31,6.9,4.21,0,5.42-2.83,5.42-7.15s-1.09-7-5.3-7c-3.51-.01-5.43,2.9-5.43,7.25Z" /> <path d="M227.1,186.29c0,7.66-4.36,14.45-13.17,14.45-8.3,0-12.87-6.33-12.87-14.31s4.74-14.31,13.2-14.31c7.89,0,12.84,5.85,12.84,14.17ZM205.37,186.29c0,5.9,2.95,10.95,8.73,10.95,6.25,0,8.69-5.16,8.69-10.92s-2.77-10.74-8.7-10.74-8.72,4.89-8.72,10.73v-.02Z" /> <path d="M235.94,197.96v10.36h-3.91v-28.41h3.82c.1,1.02.14,2.05.13,3.08,1.3-2.35,3.84-3.74,6.52-3.56,4.69,0,8.14,3.93,8.14,10.15,0,7.27-3.93,11.2-8.87,11.2-3.3.04-4.98-1.28-5.83-2.82ZM246.57,189.78c0-4.21-1.88-7-5.21-7-4,0-5.59,2.56-5.59,7.35s1.3,7.44,5.33,7.44c3.54-.01,5.43-2.94,5.43-7.79h.04Z" /> <path d="M252.49,179.95h3.45v-5.92h3.93v5.92h4.4v3.14h-4.4v11.58c0,1.9.48,2.83,2.29,2.83.57.01,1.13-.04,1.69-.15v2.88c-1.04.3-2.12.43-3.2.38-3.33,0-4.71-1.74-4.71-5.16v-12.36h-3.45v-3.14Z" /> <path d="M267.88,170.97h3.93v4.52h-3.93v-4.52ZM267.88,179.97h3.93v20.39h-3.93v-20.39Z" /> <path d="M294.05,194.03c-.84,3.49-3.21,6.79-8.57,6.79-5.76,0-9.2-4.11-9.2-10.56,0-5.81,3.35-10.79,9.45-10.79s8.08,4.33,8.32,6.9h-3.88c-.32-2.21-2.28-3.81-4.51-3.67-3.41,0-5.34,2.93-5.34,7.43s1.9,7.48,5.23,7.48c2.43,0,3.83-1.32,4.6-3.58h3.9Z" /> <path d="M300.66,194.45c.56,2.11,2.14,3.35,4.78,3.35,2.82,0,3.92-1.19,3.92-2.92s-.93-2.61-4.63-3.51c-6-1.46-7.18-3.29-7.18-6.08s2.12-5.82,7.54-5.82,7.58,3.11,7.83,5.93h-3.79c-.27-1.21-1.17-3-4.21-3-2.67,0-3.47,1.27-3.47,2.52,0,1.43.8,2.13,4.45,3,6.31,1.49,7.49,3.61,7.49,6.63,0,3.53-2.78,6.23-8.08,6.23s-8-2.73-8.55-6.37l3.9.04Z" /> <path d="M343.32,195.73c-.01,1.54.08,3.08.28,4.61h-3.76c-.21-.83-.32-1.68-.32-2.54-.72,1.32-2.3,3-6.19,3-4.83,0-6.89-3.15-6.89-6.26,0-4.57,3.61-6.67,9.65-6.67h3.37v-1.64c0-1.73-.56-3.77-4.15-3.77-3.2,0-3.77,1.55-4.12,3.12h-3.79c.28-3,2.12-6.15,8-6.13,5.08,0,7.88,2.07,7.88,6.75l.04,9.53ZM339.48,190.53h-3.1c-3.94,0-5.94,1.1-5.94,3.8,0,2,1.35,3.48,3.77,3.48,4.65,0,5.27-3.15,5.27-6.65v-.63Z" /> <path d="M349.21,185.09v-5.14h3.82c.09.58.15,2.59.15,3.2.79-1.66,2.45-3.68,6.32-3.68s6.8,2.42,6.8,7.78v13.09h-3.93v-12.6c0-2.93-1.12-4.93-4.11-4.93-3.57,0-5.08,2.62-5.08,6.62v10.91h-3.93l-.04-15.25Z" /> <path d="M389.36,170.97v29.37h-3.78c-.11-.91-.18-1.82-.19-2.74-1,2-3,3.22-6.3,3.22-5.22,0-8.46-4.23-8.46-10.47s3.48-10.88,9.15-10.88c3.48,0,5.08,1.37,5.61,2.47v-11l3.97.03ZM374.75,190.23c0,4.74,2.18,7.31,5.3,7.31,4.6,0,5.53-3.47,5.53-7.64s-.86-7.15-5.28-7.15c-3.47,0-5.55,2.75-5.55,7.48Z" /> <path d="M405.94,172.52h10.7c5.51,0,9.27,3.08,9.27,8.19,0,5.54-4,8.4-9.47,8.4h-6.39v11.23h-4.11v-27.82ZM410.09,185.68h6.09c3.62,0,5.54-1.71,5.54-4.87s-2.27-4.87-5.39-4.87h-6.24v9.74Z" /> <path d="M434.03,170.97v11.87c1.28-2.22,3.7-3.52,6.26-3.37,3.38,0,6.86,1.88,6.86,7.84v13h-3.91v-12.36c0-3.31-1.37-5.14-4.22-5.14-3.56,0-5,2.41-5,6.45v11.08h-3.93v-29.37h3.94Z" /> <path d="M470.82,190.11c0,5.93-3.44,10.71-9.71,10.71-5.94,0-9.5-4.52-9.5-10.64s3.53-10.71,9.73-10.71c5.73,0,9.48,4.24,9.48,10.64ZM455.64,190.11c0,4.36,2.13,7.44,5.61,7.44s5.53-2.94,5.53-7.43-2-7.46-5.61-7.46-5.53,2.9-5.53,7.49v-.04Z" /> <path d="M472.7,179.95h3.46v-5.92h3.93v5.92h4.4v3.14h-4.4v11.58c0,1.9.48,2.83,2.29,2.83.57.01,1.13-.04,1.69-.15v2.88c-1.04.3-2.12.43-3.2.38-3.33,0-4.71-1.74-4.71-5.16v-12.36h-3.46v-3.14Z" /> <path d="M505.78,190.11c0,5.93-3.43,10.71-9.71,10.71-5.93,0-9.5-4.52-9.5-10.64s3.53-10.71,9.74-10.71c5.73,0,9.47,4.24,9.47,10.64ZM490.61,190.11c0,4.36,2.13,7.44,5.61,7.44s5.53-2.94,5.53-7.43-2-7.46-5.61-7.46-5.53,2.9-5.53,7.49v-.04Z" /> <path d="M510.23,185.09v-5.14h3.82c.1.58.16,2.59.16,3.2.79-1.66,2.45-3.68,6.32-3.68s6.8,2.42,6.8,7.78v13.09h-3.93v-12.6c0-2.93-1.12-4.93-4.11-4.93-3.57,0-5.08,2.62-5.08,6.62v10.91h-3.93l-.05-15.25Z" /> <path d="M533.08,170.97h3.93v4.52h-3.93v-4.52ZM533.08,179.97h3.93v20.39h-3.93v-20.39Z" /> <path d="M559.25,194.03c-.84,3.49-3.21,6.79-8.57,6.79-5.76,0-9.19-4.11-9.19-10.56,0-5.81,3.34-10.79,9.45-10.79s8.08,4.33,8.31,6.9h-3.88c-.32-2.21-2.28-3.81-4.51-3.67-3.41,0-5.34,2.93-5.34,7.43s1.9,7.48,5.23,7.48c2.43,0,3.83-1.32,4.6-3.58h3.9Z" /> <path d="M565.86,194.45c.56,2.11,2.15,3.35,4.78,3.35,2.82,0,3.92-1.19,3.92-2.92s-.93-2.61-4.63-3.51c-6-1.46-7.18-3.29-7.18-6.08s2.12-5.82,7.54-5.82,7.58,3.11,7.83,5.93h-3.79c-.27-1.21-1.17-3-4.21-3-2.67,0-3.47,1.27-3.47,2.52,0,1.43.8,2.13,4.45,3,6.31,1.49,7.49,3.61,7.49,6.63,0,3.53-2.78,6.23-8.08,6.23s-8-2.73-8.55-6.37l3.9.04Z" /> <path d="M598.33,200.34l-7.39-27.82h4.37c2.25,9.81,4.91,20.21,5.39,23.37h0c.79-3.88,4.4-16.34,6.18-23.37h3.93c1.62,6,5.24,19.54,5.91,23.2h0c.9-5.06,4.57-17.75,6-23.2h4.06l-8,27.82h-4.39c-1.64-6.35-5-18.81-5.74-22.41h0c-.87,4.3-4.25,16.17-6,22.41h-4.32Z" /> <path d="M646.65,190.11c0,5.93-3.43,10.71-9.7,10.71-5.94,0-9.5-4.52-9.5-10.64s3.52-10.71,9.73-10.71c5.76,0,9.47,4.24,9.47,10.64ZM631.48,190.11c0,4.36,2.13,7.44,5.61,7.44s5.53-2.94,5.53-7.43-2-7.46-5.61-7.46-5.53,2.9-5.53,7.49v-.04Z" /> <path d="M651.08,185.49v-5.54h3.86c.06.55.12,2.23.12,4,1.08-2.8,3.81-4.62,6.81-4.53v3.87c-4.17.08-6.81,2.06-6.81,7.3v9.7h-3.93l-.05-14.8Z" /> <path d="M665.42,200.34v-29.37h3.93v29.37h-3.93Z" /> <path d="M692.49,170.97v29.37h-3.78c-.11-.91-.17-1.82-.19-2.74-1,2-3,3.22-6.29,3.22-5.23,0-8.46-4.23-8.46-10.47s3.47-10.88,9.14-10.88c3.48,0,5.08,1.37,5.61,2.47v-11l3.97.03ZM677.88,190.23c0,4.74,2.19,7.31,5.3,7.31,4.6,0,5.53-3.47,5.53-7.64s-.86-7.15-5.27-7.15c-3.5,0-5.56,2.75-5.56,7.48Z" /> <path d="M700.19,179.95c2.4,9.3,3.76,14.61,4.12,16.79h.06c.37-2,1.65-6.69,4.46-16.79h3.8c3,11.25,3.92,14.52,4.24,16.43h0c.49-2.17,1.27-5.23,4.3-16.43h4l-6.23,20.39h-4.24c-1.93-7.49-3.69-13.83-4.13-16.13h0c-.36,2.29-2.05,8.19-4.25,16.13h-4.38l-5.89-20.39h4.14Z" /> <path d="M728.94,170.97h3.94v4.52h-3.94v-4.52ZM728.94,179.97h3.94v20.39h-3.94v-20.39Z" /> <path d="M755.94,170.97v29.37h-3.7c-.11-.91-.18-1.82-.2-2.74-1,2-3,3.22-6.29,3.22-5.22,0-8.46-4.23-8.46-10.47s3.48-10.88,9.15-10.88c3.48,0,5.08,1.37,5.6,2.47v-11l3.9.03ZM741.36,190.23c0,4.74,2.19,7.31,5.31,7.31,4.6,0,5.53-3.47,5.53-7.64s-.86-7.15-5.28-7.15c-3.47,0-5.56,2.75-5.56,7.48Z" /> <path d="M764.36,190.9c0,3.83,2,6.69,5.29,6.69,3,0,4-1.52,4.66-3h4c-.79,2.59-3,6.19-8.73,6.19-6.47,0-9.14-5.17-9.14-10.44,0-6.13,3.1-10.91,9.36-10.91,6.66,0,8.86,5.24,8.86,9.73.01.57,0,1.13-.06,1.7l-14.24.04ZM774.64,188.23c0-3.16-1.59-5.72-4.93-5.72s-4.9,2.37-5.23,5.72h10.16Z" /> <path d="M134.07,67.55c.03,37.24-30.14,67.45-67.38,67.48-33.29.02-61.61-24.24-66.69-57.14h20c5.71,25.73,31.21,41.96,56.94,36.25s41.96-31.21,36.25-56.94S81.98,15.24,56.25,20.95c-17.7,3.93-31.64,17.54-35.99,35.14H.16C6.49,19.39,41.37-5.23,78.06,1.1c32.35,5.58,55.98,33.63,55.98,66.46h.03ZM442.64,132.79h20.58V2.31h-20.58v130.48ZM229.54,2.31h-65.94v130.48h20.58V21.47h41.68c18.58,0,28,6.19,28,18.89,0,14.71-15.22,18.36-28,18.36h-19.92v19.17h24.09c12.65,0,23.55-3.25,31.53-9.39,8.62-6.63,13.18-16.74,13.18-28.14.04-22.91-18.14-38.05-45.2-38.05ZM342.35,132.79h20.59V38.12h-20.59v94.67ZM295.14,2.31h115v19.16h-115V2.31ZM715.49,2.31h-18.93l-63.12,130.47h22.21l50.38-104.12,23.91,49.23h-26l-9.24,19.17h44.46l17.23,35.72h22.21L715.49,2.31ZM608.49,82.45c-8.23,25.05-35.21,38.68-60.26,30.44s-38.68-35.21-30.44-60.26c8.23-25.05,35.21-38.68,60.26-30.44,13.82,4.54,24.81,15.14,29.86,28.78h20.59c-9.14-36.15-45.86-58.04-82-48.9-36.15,9.14-58.04,45.86-48.9,82,9.14,36.15,45.86,58.04,82,48.9,24.62-6.23,43.67-25.75,49.29-50.52h-20.4Z" /> </svg> <p class="small">Copyright 漏 2025 Optica</p> <p class="small">www.optica.org</p> <ul class="list-unstyled list-inline"> </ul> </div> <nav class="col-md-3 py-1 py-lg-2"> <h6 class="small text-uppercase font-weight-bold mb-2">Optica.org</h6> <ul class="small list-unstyled"> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/publications/" > Publications </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/events/" > Events </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/membership/" > Membership </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/industry/" > Industry Resources </a> </li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="col-md-3 py-1 py-lg-2"> <h6 class="small text-uppercase font-weight-bold mb-2">Information</h6> <ul class="small list-unstyled"> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/help/" > Help </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/about/contact/" > Contact Us </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/about/policies/" > Policies & Legal </a> </li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="col-md-2 py-1 py-lg-2"> <h6 class="small text-uppercase font-weight-bold mb-2">Helpful Links</h6> <ul class="small list-unstyled"> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="https://account.osa.org/eweb/dynamicpage.aspx?webcode=member&mbr_src_code=OSAWEBS&utm_source=osaHome&utm_campaign=StudentMembership_SignUpLink&utm_medium=footer&utm_content=footerLink" target='_blank' > Join Optica or Renew </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="https://opticastore.org/" target='_blank' > Store </a> </li> <li> <a class="d-inline-block pb-1" href="/events/" > Find an Event </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </footer> <div class="mobile-nav" id="mobileNavMenu" data-keyboard="false" data-backdrop="false" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="mobileNavMenuLabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="container p-0"> <div id="mobileSearchWrapper" class="p-1 w-100"> <div class="mobile-nav__search" id="mobileSearchForm"> <input type="text" id="siteSearchMobile" placeholder="SEARCH HERE" class="mobile-nav__search-input"/> <button type="submit" id="siteSearchMobileButton" class="mobile-nav__search-submit"> <span class="sr-only">Search</span> <span class="fa-regular fa-magnifying-glass h5" aria-hidden="true"></span> </button> </div> </div> <ul class="mobile-nav__list"> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="mobile-nav__link js-mobile-shelf w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" type="button" href="#" data-target="#mobileNavMenu242" aria-controls="#mobileNavMenu242"> <span>Events</span> <span class="fa fa-chevron-right"></span> </a> <div id=mobileNavMenu242 class="mobile-nav__sub-menu p-1" tabindex="-1" role="dialog"> <a href="#" class="mobile-nav__sub-menu-back" aria-label="Back"> <span class="fa fa-chevron-left mr-1"></span>Back </a> <h5 class="text-uppercase text-white"> Events </h5> <ul class="mobile-nav__list pl-1"> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/events/"> Overview </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/events/meeting_opportunities/"> Services </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/events/meeting_archives/"> Archives </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/events/"> Event Calendar </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/events/speakers/"> Speaker Resources </a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="mobile-nav__link js-mobile-shelf w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" type="button" href="#" data-target="#mobileNavMenu241" aria-controls="#mobileNavMenu241"> <span>Membership</span> <span class="fa fa-chevron-right"></span> </a> <div id=mobileNavMenu241 class="mobile-nav__sub-menu p-1" tabindex="-1" role="dialog"> <a href="#" class="mobile-nav__sub-menu-back" aria-label="Back"> <span class="fa fa-chevron-left mr-1"></span>Back </a> <h5 class="text-uppercase text-white"> Membership </h5> <ul class="mobile-nav__list pl-1"> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/membership/"> Overview </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/membership/join/individual/"> Individual </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/membership/join/corporate/"> Corporate </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/membership/distinguished_honorary/"> Distinguished & Honorary </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/membership/member_programs/"> Member Programs </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/membership/member_resources/"> Member Resources </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/membership/join/"> Join Optica </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/membership/benefits_services/"> Benefits & Services </a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="mobile-nav__link w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/publications/"> Publications </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="mobile-nav__link js-mobile-shelf w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" type="button" href="#" data-target="#mobileNavMenu243" aria-controls="#mobileNavMenu243"> <span>Industry Resources</span> <span class="fa fa-chevron-right"></span> </a> <div id=mobileNavMenu243 class="mobile-nav__sub-menu p-1" tabindex="-1" role="dialog"> <a href="#" class="mobile-nav__sub-menu-back" aria-label="Back"> <span class="fa fa-chevron-left mr-1"></span>Back </a> <h5 class="text-uppercase text-white"> Industry Resources </h5> <ul class="mobile-nav__list pl-1"> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/industry/"> Overview </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/industry/corporate_membership/"> Corporate Membership </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/industry/industry_events/"> Industry Events </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/industry/online_industry_library/"> Market Intelligence </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/industry/exhibitions/"> Marketing </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/about/newsroom/corporate_member_news/"> Corporate Member News </a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="mobile-nav__link js-mobile-shelf w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" type="button" href="#" data-target="#mobileNavMenu246" aria-controls="#mobileNavMenu246"> <span>Community</span> <span class="fa fa-chevron-right"></span> </a> <div id=mobileNavMenu246 class="mobile-nav__sub-menu p-1" tabindex="-1" role="dialog"> <a href="#" class="mobile-nav__sub-menu-back" aria-label="Back"> <span class="fa fa-chevron-left mr-1"></span>Back </a> <h5 class="text-uppercase text-white"> Community </h5> <ul class="mobile-nav__list pl-1"> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/get_involved/"> Overview </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/get_involved/awards_and_honors/"> Awards & Honors </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/get_involved/global_inclusivity/"> Global Inclusivity </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/get_involved/earlycareer/"> Early Career </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/get_involved/education_outreach/"> Education Outreach </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/get_involved/public_policy/"> Global Policy & Affairs </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/get_involved/local_section/"> Local Sections </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/get_involved/students/"> Students </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/get_involved/technical_groups/"> Technical Groups </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/get_involved/volunteer/"> Volunteer </a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class="mobile-nav__list"> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="mobile-nav__link mobile-nav__link--secondary w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/foundation/"> Foundation </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="mobile-nav__link mobile-nav__link--secondary js-mobile-shelf w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" type="button" href="#" data-target="#mobileNavMenu244" aria-controls="#mobileNavMenu244"> <span>Careers</span> <span class="fa fa-chevron-right"></span> </a> <div id=mobileNavMenu244 class="mobile-nav__sub-menu p-1" tabindex="-1" role="dialog"> <a href="#" class="mobile-nav__sub-menu-back" aria-label="Back"> <span class="fa fa-chevron-left mr-1"></span>Back </a> <h5 class="text-uppercase text-white"> Careers </h5> <ul class="mobile-nav__list pl-1"> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/careers/"> Explore Careers </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/careers/for_employers/"> For Employers </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/careers/professional_development/"> Professional Development </a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="mobile-nav__link mobile-nav__link--secondary js-mobile-shelf w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" type="button" href="#" data-target="#mobileNavMenu247" aria-controls="#mobileNavMenu247"> <span>About</span> <span class="fa fa-chevron-right"></span> </a> <div id=mobileNavMenu247 class="mobile-nav__sub-menu p-1" tabindex="-1" role="dialog"> <a href="#" class="mobile-nav__sub-menu-back" aria-label="Back"> <span class="fa fa-chevron-left mr-1"></span>Back </a> <h5 class="text-uppercase text-white"> About </h5> <ul class="mobile-nav__list pl-1"> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/about/"> About Optica </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/about/leadership_and_volunteers/"> Leadership & Volunteers </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/about/optica_community/"> Optica Community </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/about/newsroom/"> Newsroom </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/about/what_is_optics/"> What is Optics </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/history/"> Living History </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/history/milestones/"> Milestone Events & Celebrations </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/history/optica_timeline/"> Optica Timeline </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/history/biographies/"> Biographies & Memoirs </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/history/multimedia/"> Multimedia </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/history/optica_nobel_laureates/"> Optica Nobel Laureates </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/history/amplify_black_voices_in_optics/"> Amplify Black Voices in Optics </a> </li> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="js-mobile-submenu-link mb-2 w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/history/faces_of_optica/"> Faces of Optica </a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class="mobile-nav__list"> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> <a class="mobile-nav__link mobile-nav__link--secondary w-100 d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center" href="/account/login/?returnUrl=%2Fabout%2Fwhat_is_optics%2F"> Log In </a> <li class="mobile-nav__item"> </ul> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center bg-lighterblue w-100 mt-auto p-1"> <button aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" class="btn align-self-center" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#otherSitesModalMobile" id="sitesMenuButtonMobile"> <i class="fa-solid fa-grid-round mr-1"></i>Other Sites </button> <div id="otherSitesModalMobile" aria-labelledby="sitesMenuButtonMobile" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true" class="modal fade border-gray-200 p-0"> <div class="modal-dialog m-0 w-100 modal-dialog-othersites bg-lightblue"> <div class="modal-content container px-0 bg-transparent border-0"> <div class="modal-header border-0 px-lg-0 py-lg-2"> <h5 class="modal-title"> <span class="fa-solid fa-grid-round mr-1"></span> Other sites </h5> <button class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="close" type="button"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button> </div> <div class="modal-body px-lg-0 py-lg-2"> <ul class="app-menu"> <li class="app-menu__item"> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://awards.optica.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> BEAM </a> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://www.cleoconference.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> CLEO </a> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://www.frontiersinoptics.com"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> FIO+LS </a> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://www.gemminitiative.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> GEMM Initiative </a> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <a class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://www.optica.org/history"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> Living History </a> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://www.lightourfuture.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> NPI </a> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://www.ofcconference.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> OFC </a> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://www.optica-opn.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> OPN </a> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://opg.optica.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> Optica Publishing Group </a> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://www.opticastore.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> Optica Store </a> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://www.optics4kids.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> Optics 4 Kids </a> </li> <li class="app-menu__item"> <a target='_blank' class="app-menu__link card--rounded" href="https://prism.optica.org"> <span class="fa-regular fa-circle-right"></span> Prism </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <script type="text/javascript"> WebFontConfig = { google: { families: ['Archivo:400,400italic,700,700italic:latin', 'Karla:400,400italic,700,700italic:latin'] } }; (function () { var wf = document.createElement('script'); wf.src = 'https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/webfont/1/webfont.js'; wf.type = 'text/javascript'; wf.async = 'true'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(wf, s); })(); </script> <script type="text/javascript">(function (w, d, u) { w.readyQ = []; w.bindReadyQ = []; function p(x, y) { if (x == "ready") { w.bindReadyQ.push(y); } else { w.readyQ.push(x); } }; var a = { ready: p, bind: p }; w.$ = w.jQuery = function (f) { if (f === d || f === u) { return a } else { p(f) } } })(window, document);</script> <script src="/osaorg/js/vendor/modernizr-2.6.1-respond-1.1.0.min.js?v=HOB5DSNVlN38S9Fr-eXwyC7AvZgERpLFIHJao5rdGYg"></script> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/combine/npm/jquery@3.5.1/dist/jquery.slim.min.js,npm/popper.js@1.16.1,npm/bootstrap@4.5.0,npm/masonry-layout@4.2.2/dist/masonry.pkgd.min.js"></script> <script> var gaAcct = 'UA-1200622-1'; function downloadJSAtOnload() { var element = document.createElement("script"); element.src = "/osaorg/js/loadJS.js?v=1"; document.body.appendChild(element); } if (window.addEventListener) window.addEventListener("load", downloadJSAtOnload, false); else if (window.attachEvent) window.attachEvent("onload", downloadJSAtOnload); else window.onload = downloadJSAtOnload; </script> <script src="/_content/Kentico.Content.Web.Rcl/Scripts/jquery-3.5.1.js"></script> <script src="/_content/Kentico.Content.Web.Rcl/Scripts/jquery.unobtrusive-ajax.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.kentico = window.kentico || {}; window.kentico.builder = {}; window.kentico.builder.useJQuery = true;</script><script src="/_content/Kentico.Content.Web.Rcl/Content/Bundles/Public/systemFormComponents.min.js"></script> <script type="module" src="/assets/js/main-ae073987.js?v=-PMcRq9VoaTvaJufF8ja_azii8eTF0b4dI0bhCdq-CI"></script> <img src="https://account.optica.org/eWeb/images/img_transparent.gif" style="display:none;" alt="Image for keeping the session alive"/> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

What is Optics? | Optica