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Carmaioga – Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre

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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Carmaioga</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 23 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karma_yoga" title="Karma yoga — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Karma yoga" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Карма йога — búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Карма йога" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97" title="কর্মযোগ — bengalês" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কর্মযোগ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karma_Yoga" title="Karma Yoga — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Karma Yoga" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karma_yoga" title="Karma yoga — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Karma yoga" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karma_yoga" title="Karma yoga — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Karma yoga" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7_%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%A7" title="کارما یوگا — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کارما یوگا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karma_yoga" title="Karma yoga — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Karma yoga" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="कर्म योग — hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कर्म योग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karma-j%C3%B3ga" title="Karma-jóga — húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Karma-jóga" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karma_Yoga" title="Karma Yoga — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Karma Yoga" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karma_Yoga" title="Karma Yoga — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Karma Yoga" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%97" title="ಕರ್ಮಯೋಗ — canarim" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕರ್ಮಯೋಗ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="canarim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%EB%A7%88_%EC%9A%94%EA%B0%80" title="카르마 요가 — coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="카르마 요가" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karma_joga" title="Karma joga — lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Karma joga" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karma-yoga" title="Karma-yoga — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Karma-yoga" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmajoga" title="Karmajoga — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Karmajoga" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Карма-йога — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Карма-йога" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%83_(%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE)" title="कर्मयोगः (गीता) — sânscrito" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="कर्मयोगः (गीता)" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sânscrito" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmayoga" title="Karmayoga — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Karmayoga" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE_%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="கர்ம யோகம் — tâmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கர்ம யோகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tâmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karma_yoga" title="Karma yoga — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Karma yoga" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%B9%D0%BE%D2%91%D0%B0" title="Карма-йоґа — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Карма-йоґа" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1054016#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar hiperligações interlínguas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar hiperligações</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaços nominais"> 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.tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.tmbox img{max-width:none!important}</style><table class="box-Mais_notas plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Esta página cita fontes, mas não cobrem todo o conteúdo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, 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rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&amp;as_epq=Carmaioga">Google</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?hl=pt&amp;tbm=nws&amp;q=Carmaioga&amp;oq=Carmaioga">N</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?&amp;as_brr=0&amp;as_epq=Carmaioga">L</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=pt&amp;q=Carmaioga">A</a>)</span></small>).</span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">Agosto de 2020</span>)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Carmaioga</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> (कर्म योग, <a href="/wiki/Translitera%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Transliteração">transliteração</a>: <i>karma yoga</i><span style="color:gray"><sup>&#91;</sup></span><sup><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Livro_de_estilo/Cite_as_fontes" title="Wikipédia:Livro de estilo/Cite as fontes"><span title="Esta afirmação precisa de uma referência para confirmá-la." style="color:gray"><i>carece&#160;de fontes</i></span></a><span class="printfooter">?</span><span style="color:gray">&#93;</span></sup>) é a integração (<a href="/wiki/Ioga" title="Ioga">ioga</a>) pela dedicação de todas as ações e seus frutos à divindade. É a execução da ação em união com a parte divina interior, ficando distanciado dos resultados, e mantendo o equilíbrio seja em face do sucesso ou do fracasso. </p><p>Segundo <a href="/wiki/Swami_Shivananda" class="mw-redirect" title="Swami Shivananda">Swami Shivananda</a>, a carmaioga é o serviço desinteressado para a humanidade. É a ioga da ação que prepara o <i>antahkarana</i>(coração e mente) para receber a Luz Divina, ou Conhecimento do <a href="/wiki/Psicologia_anal%C3%ADtica" title="Psicologia analítica">Si-Mesmo</a>. </p><p>A ação prende a pessoa ao mundo fenomênico (<i>samsara</i>) quando é ditada pelo ego, quando está inbuída do senso de fazer-e-receber. Então ela é <i>karma bindu</i>, a pessoa se liga à ação. Mas quando a ação é desinteressada, sem se esperar frutos, ela é libertadora. Então, o <a href="/wiki/Carma" title="Carma">carma</a> se torna carmaioga. </p><p>A prática da ação sem esperar por seus frutos liberta do medo e do pesar. O praticante de carmaioga deve se libertar da ambição, do desejo, da raiva e do <a href="/wiki/Ego%C3%ADsmo" title="Egoísmo">egoísmo</a>. Deve ter um grande coração, amar a sociedade com os homens de todos os tipos. Ao praticar a carmaioga, essas qualidades vão se tornando parte da pessoa. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Gandhi</a> (Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi - 1869/1948) utilizou e difundiu o yama <i>ahimsa</i>, ou de resistência pacífica (política de não violência) a partir da carmaioga citado no Bhagavad Gita, onde Sri Krishna ensina a Arjuna, príncipe-guerreiro <a href="/wiki/Pandava" title="Pandava">pandava</a>, sobre ioga e <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A2nquia" title="Sânquia">sânquia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bhagavad_Gita">Bhagavad Gita</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carmaioga&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Editar secção: Bhagavad Gita" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carmaioga&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Bhagavad Gita"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>No <a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a> diz a <a href="/wiki/Arjuna" title="Arjuna">Arjuna</a> que se ele praticar a ação desapegada (Seva ou carmaioga) se tornará livre do cativeiro cármico do qual surge os ciclos repetidos de nascimentos e mortes (2.39 e 2.40). </p><p>A carmaioga é um dos temas centrais do Bhagavad Gita e permeia toda a obra, nos verso 2.47 a 2.51 pode-se ler o básico do carmaioga: </p><p><i>Somente tens direito ao trabalho, não a seus frutos. Que esses frutos nunca sejam o motivo de seus atos, e nunca deverás ficar inativo.</i> </p><p><i>Faça as suas ações no melhor de suas habilidades, Ó Arjuna, com sua mente ligada ao Senhor, abandonando a preocupação e o apego egoísta para os resultados, permanecendo calmo tanto no sucesso como no fracasso. O serviço sem egoísmo traz paz e tranqüilidade da mente, que conduz a união com Deus.</i> </p><p><i>O trabalho feito com motivo egoísta é inferior e está longe do serviço desapegado. Portanto, seja um trabalhador desapegado, Ó Arjuna. Aqueles que trabalham apenas para o gozo dos frutos dos seus trabalhos são infelizes (porque não se tem controle sobre os resultados).</i> </p><p><i>Um carma-iogue, ou uma pessoa desapegada, torna-se livre tanto da virtude como do vício em sua vida. Portanto, esforce-se por serviço desapegado. Trabalhar o melhor das suas habilidades, sem apegar-se egoisticamente pelos frutos do trabalho, chama-se Karmayoga ou Seva.</i> </p><p><i>Os carma-iogues estão livres do cativeiro do renascimento, devido a renúncia do serviço desapegado aos frutos de todo trabalho, alcançando um divino estado de salvação ou Nirvana.</i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fontes">Fontes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carmaioga&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Editar secção: Fontes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carmaioga&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Fontes"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sivanandadlshq.org/teachings/karmayoga.htm">«Swami Shivananda»</a>. <i>Em inglês</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACarmaioga&amp;rft.btitle=Swami+Shivananda&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sivanandadlshq.org%2Fteachings%2Fkarmayoga.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hinduism.co.za/karma.htm">«Sri Ramana Maharshi»</a>. <i>Em inglês</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACarmaioga&amp;rft.btitle=Sri+Ramana+Maharshi&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hinduism.co.za%2Fkarma.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li>Bhagavad-Gita, tradução de Ramananda Prasad</li></ul> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">VOLP, verbete <i>carmaioga</i></span> </li> </ol></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐56dc5cf698‐r7kfz Cached time: 20241119214227 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.174 seconds Real time usage: 0.220 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 301/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 10906/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 168/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 9394/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.126/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1694559/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 201.141 1 -total 69.09% 138.974 1 Predefinição:Mais_fontes 57.48% 115.612 1 Predefinição:Ambox 26.34% 52.985 2 Predefinição:Link 24.59% 49.462 2 Predefinição:Citar_web 3.39% 6.812 1 Predefinição:Carece_de_fontes 2.88% 5.802 1 Predefinição:Encontre_fontes 2.68% 5.388 1 Predefinição:Argvar 1.46% 2.945 4 Predefinição:* 0.96% 1.923 1 Predefinição:Somente_imprimir --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key ptwiki:pcache:idhash:78616-0!canonical and timestamp 20241119214227 and revision id 68977431. 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