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class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="丕賱賯丕卅賲丞丕賱乇卅賷爻賷丞" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">丕賱賯丕卅賲丞丕賱乇卅賷爻賷丞</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">丕賱賯丕卅賲丞丕賱乇卅賷爻賷丞</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">丕賳賯賱賱賱卮乇賷胤丕賱噩丕賳亘賷</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">兀禺賮</button> </div> <div id="p-encyclopedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-encyclopedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 丕賱賲賵爻賵毓丞 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A9" title="夭乇丕賱氐賮丨丞丕賱乇卅賷爻賷丞 [z]" accesskey="z"><span>丕賱氐賮丨丞丕賱乇卅賷爻丞</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9:%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AB_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="賲胤丕賱毓丞爻乇賷毓丞賱兀賴賲丕賱兀丨丿丕孬丕賱噩丕乇賷丞"><span>丕賱兀丨丿丕孬丕賱噩丕乇賷丞</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="賯丕卅賲丞兀丨丿孬丕賱鬲睾賷賷乇丕鬲賮賷丕賱賵賷賰賷. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>兀丨丿孬丕賱鬲睾賷賷乇丕鬲</span></a></li><li id="n-wrecentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A9"><span>兀丨丿孬丕賱鬲睾賷賷乇丕鬲丕賱兀爻丕爻賷丞</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 鬲氐賮丨 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-subjects" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD"><span>丕賱賲賵丕囟賷毓</span></a></li><li id="n-index" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9"><span>兀亘噩丿賷</span></a></li><li id="n-portals" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9:%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD"><span>亘賵丕亘丕鬲</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%B9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A" title="丨賲賱氐賮丨丞毓卮賵丕卅賷丞 [x]" accesskey="x"><span>賲賯丕賱丞毓卮賵丕卅賷丞</span></a></li><li id="n-Kiwix" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B3"><span>鬲氐賮丨賲賳睾賷乇廿賳鬲乇賳鬲</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-contributing" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-contributing" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 賲卮丕乇賰丞 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%84_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7"><span>鬲賵丕氐賱賲毓賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A9:%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="丨賷孬鬲噩丿丕賱賲爻丕毓丿丞"><span>賲爻丕毓丿丞</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86"><span>丕賱賲賷丿丕賳</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A9" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ar.svg" style="width: 7em; 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href=\"/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81:%D9%85%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AD_%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_2023\" title=\"鬲氐賳賷賮:賲匕丕亘丨禺賱丕賱丕賱丨乇亘丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷丞丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞 2023\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"color:red\"\u003E賱賯鬲賱丕賱賲丿賳賷賷賳\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E \n\u003Cb\u003E賱丕 \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%81%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A\" title=\"賲噩夭乇丞賲爻鬲卮賮賶丕賱賲毓賲丿丕賳賷\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"color:red\"\u003E賱丕爻鬲賴丿丕賮丕賱賲爻鬲卮賮賷丕鬲賵丕賱賲丿丕乇爻\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E .... \u003Cb\u003E賱丕 \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%82%D8%B5%D9%89#丕賱丿毓丕賷丞_丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞\" title=\"毓賲賱賷丞胤賵賮丕賳丕賱兀賯氐賶\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"color:red\"\u003E賱賱鬲囟賱賷賱賵丕賱賰賷賱亘賲賰賷丕賱賷賳\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\n\u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D9%88%D9%82%D9%81_%D8%A5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9_2023\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"賵賯賮廿胤賱丕賯丕賱賳丕乇賮賷睾夭丞 2023\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"color:white\"\u003E兀賵賯賮賵丕丕賱丨乇亘\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/a\u003E .... 賵丕賳卮乇賵丕丕賱爻賱丕賲丕賱毓丕丿賱賵丕賱卮丕賲賱\u003C/b\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\n\n\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="丕賱賲賵賯毓"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="丕賱賲丨鬲賵賷丕鬲" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">丕賱賲丨鬲賵賷丕鬲</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">丕賳賯賱賱賱卮乇賷胤丕賱噩丕賳亘賷</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">兀禺賮</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">丕賱賲賯丿賲丞</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-鬲丕乇賷禺_亘賳丕亍_丕賱賯氐乇" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#鬲丕乇賷禺_亘賳丕亍_丕賱賯氐乇"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>鬲丕乇賷禺亘賳丕亍丕賱賯氐乇</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-鬲丕乇賷禺_亘賳丕亍_丕賱賯氐乇-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-丕賱賲賵賯毓" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#丕賱賲賵賯毓"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>丕賱賲賵賯毓</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-丕賱賲賵賯毓-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-丕賱丨丿賵丿" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#丕賱丨丿賵丿"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>丕賱丨丿賵丿</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-丕賱丨丿賵丿-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-賴賳丿爻丞_丕賱賯氐乇_丕賱禺丕乇噩賷丞" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#賴賳丿爻丞_丕賱賯氐乇_丕賱禺丕乇噩賷丞"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>賴賳丿爻丞丕賱賯氐乇丕賱禺丕乇噩賷丞</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-賴賳丿爻丞_丕賱賯氐乇_丕賱禺丕乇噩賷丞-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-賴賳丿爻丞_丕賱賯氐乇_丕賱丿丕禺賱賷丞" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#賴賳丿爻丞_丕賱賯氐乇_丕賱丿丕禺賱賷丞"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>賴賳丿爻丞丕賱賯氐乇丕賱丿丕禺賱賷丞</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-賴賳丿爻丞_丕賱賯氐乇_丕賱丿丕禺賱賷丞-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-丕賱鬲賰賵賷賳_丕賱噩賲丕賱賷_賱賱賯氐乇" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#丕賱鬲賰賵賷賳_丕賱噩賲丕賱賷_賱賱賯氐乇"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>丕賱鬲賰賵賷賳丕賱噩賲丕賱賷賱賱賯氐乇</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-丕賱鬲賰賵賷賳_丕賱噩賲丕賱賷_賱賱賯氐乇-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-賲賵丕丿_丕賱亘賳丕亍" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#賲賵丕丿_丕賱亘賳丕亍"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>賲賵丕丿丕賱亘賳丕亍</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-賲賵丕丿_丕賱亘賳丕亍-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-丕賳馗乇_丕賷囟丕賸" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#丕賳馗乇_丕賷囟丕賸"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>丕賳馗乇丕賷囟丕賸</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-丕賳馗乇_丕賷囟丕賸-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-賵氐賱丕鬲_禺丕乇噩賷丞" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#賵氐賱丕鬲_禺丕乇噩賷丞"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>賵氐賱丕鬲禺丕乇噩賷丞</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-賵氐賱丕鬲_禺丕乇噩賷丞-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-賲氐丕丿乇" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#賲氐丕丿乇"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>賲氐丕丿乇</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-賲氐丕丿乇-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-丕賱賲乇丕噩毓" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#丕賱賲乇丕噩毓"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>丕賱賲乇丕噩毓</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-丕賱賲乇丕噩毓-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="丕賱賲丨鬲賵賷丕鬲" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="鬲亘丿賷賱毓乇囟噩丿賵賱丕賱賲丨鬲賵賷丕鬲" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">鬲亘丿賷賱毓乇囟噩丿賵賱丕賱賲丨鬲賵賷丕鬲</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">賯氐乇丕賱氐賷乇賮賷</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="賴匕賴丕賱賲賯丕賱丞鬲鬲賵丕噩丿賮賯胤賮賷賴匕賴丕賱賱睾丞. 兀囟賮賴丕廿賱賶丕賱賱睾丕鬲丕賱兀禺乇賶." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">兀囟賮賱睾丕鬲</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span><span class="wb-langlinks-add wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q64729473#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="廿囟丕賮丞賵氐賱丕鬲亘賷賳丕賱賱睾丕鬲" class="wbc-editpage">兀囟賮賵氐賱丕鬲</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="賳胤丕賯丕鬲"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A" title="丕毓乇囟氐賮丨丞丕賱賲丨鬲賵賶 [c]" accesskey="c"><span>賲賯丕賱丞</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4:%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A" rel="discussion" title="賳賯丕卮氐賮丨丞丕賱賲丨鬲賵賶 [t]" accesskey="t"><span>賳賯丕卮</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="睾賷賾乇賱賴噩丞丕賱賱睾丞" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">丕賱毓乇亘賷丞</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="賲毓丕賷賳丞"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > 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.entete.water-polo{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Water_polo_pictogram.svg/40px-Water_polo_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}</style><div class="infobox_v3 infobox"><div class="entete" style="background-color:#E1E1E1;color:#000000"><div>賯氐乇丕賱氐賷乇賮賷</div></div><table><caption style="display:table-caption;background-color:#E1E1E1;text-align:center;color:#000000">賲毓賱賵賲丕鬲毓丕賲丞</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">丕賱賲丿賷賳丞</th><td class=""><div> <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81" title="丕賱胤丕卅賮">丕賱胤丕卅賮</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="display:table-caption;background-color:#E1E1E1;text-align:center;color:#000000">兀亘乇夭丕賱兀丨丿丕孬</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">亘丿丕賷丞丕賱鬲卮賷賷丿</th><td class=""><div> <a href="/wiki/1358" title="1358">1358</a> 賴賭</div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="display:table-caption;background-color:#E1E1E1;text-align:center;color:#000000">丕賱鬲賮丕氐賷賱丕賱鬲賯賳賷丞</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">丕賱胤賵丕亘賯</th><td class=""><div> 丕孬賳丕賳</div></td></tr></tbody></table><p class="navbar noprint bordered" style="display:block;flex:auto;border-top:2px dotted #E1E1E1;width:100%"><span class="plainlinks" style="background:inherit;text-align:right;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A&veaction=edit&section=0">鬲毓丿賷賱</a> - <a class="external text" href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A&action=edit&section=0">鬲毓丿賷賱賲氐丿乇賷</a> - <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64729473" class="extiw" title="d:Q64729473">鬲毓丿賷賱賵賷賰賷亘賷丕賳丕鬲</a></span><span style="text-align:left;float:left"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8:%D8%A8%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%89" title="丨賵賱丕賱賯丕賱亘"><img alt="丨賵賱丕賱賯丕賱亘" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/30px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/45px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/60px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1792" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span></p></div> <p><b>賯氐乇丕賱氐賷乇賮賷</b>貙兀丨丿丕賱賯氐賵乇丕賱賯丿賷賲丞 <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81" title="丕賱胤丕卅賮">亘丕賱胤丕卅賮</a> 賵鬲毓賵丿賲賱賰賷鬲賴賱賱兀爻乇丞丌賱丕賱氐賷乇賮賷. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="鬲丕乇賷禺_亘賳丕亍_丕賱賯氐乇"><span id=".D8.AA.D8.A7.D8.B1.D9.8A.D8.AE_.D8.A8.D9.86.D8.A7.D8.A1_.D8.A7.D9.84.D9.82.D8.B5.D8.B1"></span>鬲丕乇賷禺亘賳丕亍丕賱賯氐乇</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A&action=edit&section=1" title="毓丿賱丕賱賯爻賲: 鬲丕乇賷禺亘賳丕亍丕賱賯氐乇"><span>毓丿賱</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>亘賳賷丕賱賯氐乇毓丕賲 <a href="/wiki/1358" title="1358">1358賴賭</a> 毓賱賶賷丿兀丨丿兀毓賲丿丞兀爻乇丞丌賱丕賱氐賷乇賮賷賵賲賳賴賲: 毓亘丕爻氐賷乇賮賷賵亘賰乇氐賷乇賮賷賵丨爻賳氐賷乇賮賷貙賵鬲毓丿兀爻乇丞丕賱氐賷乇賮賷賲賳丕賱兀爻乇丕賱毓乇賷賯丞亘丕賱胤丕卅賮賵賰丕賳鬲鬲夭丕賵賱賲賴賳丞丕賱氐乇丕賮丞賲賳匕賯丿賷賲丕賱夭賲丕賳. 賵賯丿丕爻鬲毓丕賳丌賱丕賱氐賷乇賮賷亘賲賯丕賵賱賷賳賲丨賱賷賷賳賮賷亘賳丕亍丕賱賯氐乇毓賱賶賳賲胤丕賱毓賲丕乇丞丕賱丨噩丕夭賷丞匕賷丕賱胤丕亘毓丕賱毓賲乇丕賳賷丕賱賲賲賷夭賵丕賱賮乇賷丿. 賵賱丕賷爻鬲亘毓丿兀賳賷賰賵賳丕賱兀鬲乇丕賰賯丿爻丕賴賲賵丕賮賷亘賳丕卅賴兀賵鬲賯丿賷賲丕爻鬲卮丕乇丞賮賷匕賱賰貨賮丕賱賱賵賳 <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="丕賱丿賵賱丞丕賱毓孬賲丕賳賷丞">丕賱毓孬賲丕賳賷</a> 亘賮賳賴賵乇爻賲賴丕賱廿爻賱丕賲賷丕賱賲賲賷夭亘丿賶馗丕賴乇賸丕賮賷亘賳丕亍賴匕丕賱賯氐乇<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="丕賱賲賵賯毓"><span id=".D8.A7.D9.84.D9.85.D9.88.D9.82.D8.B9"></span>丕賱賲賵賯毓</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A&action=edit&section=2" title="毓丿賱丕賱賯爻賲: 丕賱賲賵賯毓"><span>毓丿賱</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>丨賷丕賱爻賱丕賲丞亘丕賱胤丕卅賮.<sup id="cite_ref-賲賵賱丿_鬲賱賯丕卅賷丕1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-賲賵賱丿_鬲賱賯丕卅賷丕1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="丕賱丨丿賵丿"><span id=".D8.A7.D9.84.D8.AD.D8.AF.D9.88.D8.AF"></span>丕賱丨丿賵丿</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A&action=edit&section=3" title="毓丿賱丕賱賯爻賲: 丕賱丨丿賵丿"><span>毓丿賱</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>賲賳丕賱卮賲丕賱/ 卮丕乇毓丕賱賮丕乇丕亘賷.</li> <li>賲賳丕賱卮乇賯/ 丕賲鬲丿丕丿卮丕乇毓丕賱噩賷卮亘丕賱賯乇亘賲賳賲禺丕乇噩丕賱賳賮賯.</li> <li>賲賳丕賱睾乇亘 / 亘賳丕亍賲賱丕氐賯賲賱賰賱賱睾賷乇.</li> <li>賲賳丕賱噩賳賵亘/ 丌孬丕乇亘爻鬲丕賳亘賳爻賱賷賲丕賳丕賱賯丿賷賲丞賵兀亘賳賷鬲賴.<sup id="cite_ref-賲賵賱丿_鬲賱賯丕卅賷丕1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-賲賵賱丿_鬲賱賯丕卅賷丕1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="賴賳丿爻丞_丕賱賯氐乇_丕賱禺丕乇噩賷丞"><span id=".D9.87.D9.86.D8.AF.D8.B3.D8.A9_.D8.A7.D9.84.D9.82.D8.B5.D8.B1_.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.AE.D8.A7.D8.B1.D8.AC.D9.8A.D8.A9"></span>賴賳丿爻丞丕賱賯氐乇丕賱禺丕乇噩賷丞</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A&action=edit&section=4" title="毓丿賱丕賱賯爻賲: 賴賳丿爻丞丕賱賯氐乇丕賱禺丕乇噩賷丞"><span>毓丿賱</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>亘賳賷毓賱賶賳賴噩丕賱賮賳丕賱賴賳丿爻賷丕賱賲毓賲丕乇賷丕賱賲丨賱賷爻賵丕亍亘丕賱胤丕卅賮兀賵賲賳胤賯丞丕賱丨噩丕夭貙賵賷鬲賰賵賳丕賱賯氐乇賲賳丿賵乇賷賳 ( 胤丕亘賯賷賳)貙貙賵乇睾賲賲丨丿賵丿賷丞賲爻丕丨丞丕賱賯氐乇廿賱丕兀賳賴亘丿丕賮賷鬲卮賰賷賱丕鬲賴賳丿爻賷丞亘胤丕亘毓丨噩乇賷禺丕賱氐貙賵毓賲丿賲賳賮匕賵賲孬賱賴匕賴丕賱賯氐賵乇廿賱賶鬲賳丕賵賱兀亘毓丕丿丕賱賳賯卮丕賱丨噩乇賷賲賯鬲亘爻賸丕賲賳賳賯賵卮丕賱賯氐賵乇丕賱乇禺丕賲賷丞丕賱丨噩乇賷丞匕丕鬲丕賱兀爻丕賱賷亘丕賱賲禺鬲賱賮丞賮賷丕賱廿賳卮丕亍丿賵賳鬲乇賰賷夭賵鬲兀賰賷丿賴匕賴丕賱兀賱賵丕賳賮賷兀賵賯丕鬲賰丕賳鬲卮禺氐賷丞丕賱亘賳丕亍賮賷賴丕鬲毓鬲賲丿毓賱賶丕賱鬲賯賱賷丿賵丕賱賲丨丕賰丕丞賵丕賱鬲賮丕禺乇.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="賴賳丿爻丞_丕賱賯氐乇_丕賱丿丕禺賱賷丞"><span id=".D9.87.D9.86.D8.AF.D8.B3.D8.A9_.D8.A7.D9.84.D9.82.D8.B5.D8.B1_.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.AF.D8.A7.D8.AE.D9.84.D9.8A.D8.A9"></span>賴賳丿爻丞丕賱賯氐乇丕賱丿丕禺賱賷丞</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A&action=edit&section=5" title="毓丿賱丕賱賯爻賲: 賴賳丿爻丞丕賱賯氐乇丕賱丿丕禺賱賷丞"><span>毓丿賱</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>丕賱賯氐乇賲賳丕賱丿丕禺賱毓亘丕乇丞毓賳賲噩賲賵毓丞睾乇賮賲鬲乇丕氐丞賷賵噩丿賮賷兀賵爻胤賴丕丿賷賵丕賳賮賷亘賴賵亘賲爻丕丨丞睾賷乇賵丕爻毓丞賵賱賰賳賴丕賲鬲賳丕爻賯丞賲毓丨噩賲丕賱亘賳丕亍亘賵噩賴毓丕賲貙賵賷賵噩丿爻賱賲賵爻胤賷賲夭丿賵噩賲鬲賵丕夭賷賯賵丿廿賱賶丕賱丿賵乇丕賱孬丕賳賷貙賵賱賱賯氐乇亘丕亘賵爻胤毓賱賶賴賷卅丞賯賵爻賷賳賲鬲賱丕氐賯賷賳亘乇毓賮賷乇氐賵鬲卮賰賷賱丨噩丕乇鬲賴賵兀毓賲丿鬲賴亘賲賴丕乇丞. </p><p>兀賲丕噩丿乇丕賳丕賱賯氐乇賮賲賰爻賵丞賲賳丕賱丿丕禺賱亘丕賱賳賵乇賴賵胤賱丕亍丕鬲賲鬲賳賵毓丞賳丕氐毓丞丕賱亘賷丕囟賲賳丕賱乇禺丕賲賵丕賱噩亘爻. 賰賲丕鬲賲鬲卮賰賷賱丕賱兀爻賯賮亘兀卮賰丕賱賴賳丿爻賷丞 . </p><p>賷賵噩丿賮賷丕賱賯氐乇賯乇丕亘丞 18 睾乇賮丞賵6 丨賲丕賲丕鬲賵賲胤亘禺丕賳貙賵賮賳丕亍丕賳賲爻鬲胤賷賱丕賳賮賷丕賱噩賴鬲賷賳丕賱睾乇亘賷丞賵丕賱噩賳賵亘賷丞貙賵賰丕賳鬲賲爻丕丨鬲賷丕賱賮賳丕卅賷賳賲夭乇賵毓鬲賷賳亘丕賱夭賴賵乇賵丕賱賵乇賵丿賱鬲噩賲賷賱丕賱賲亘賳賶賵賳卮乇毓亘賯丕賱賳爻賷賲賮賷丕賱賯氐乇. 賵賱賱賯氐乇爻胤丨賵丕丨丿鬲丨賷胤亘賴丕賱丨噩丕乇丞賲賳賰丕賮丞噩賵丕賳亘賴亘胤乇賷賯丞賲鬲賳丕爻賯丞賵毓賱賷賴亘乇丕賵賷夭毓賱賷賴丕乇爻賵賲丕鬲賲賳丕賱丿丕禺賱賵丕賱禺丕乇噩.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="丕賱鬲賰賵賷賳_丕賱噩賲丕賱賷_賱賱賯氐乇"><span id=".D8.A7.D9.84.D8.AA.D9.83.D9.88.D9.8A.D9.86_.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.AC.D9.85.D8.A7.D9.84.D9.8A_.D9.84.D9.84.D9.82.D8.B5.D8.B1"></span>丕賱鬲賰賵賷賳丕賱噩賲丕賱賷賱賱賯氐乇</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A&action=edit&section=6" title="毓丿賱丕賱賯爻賲: 丕賱鬲賰賵賷賳丕賱噩賲丕賱賷賱賱賯氐乇"><span>毓丿賱</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>" <b>乇睾賲兀賳賴禺賱丕賲賳丕賱乇賵丕卮賷賳賵丕賱乇禺丕賲賵丕賱丕賯賵丕爻賮賷賴賷賰賱賴丕賱毓丕賲丕賱丕丕賳賴鬲賲賷夭:</b> </p> <ul><li>亘夭禺丕乇賮賴賳丿爻賷丞賲賳丕賱丨噩乇賮賷亘賵丕亘鬲賴丕賱賵丨賷丿丞賵賰丕賲賱丕胤丕乇賴丕賱毓丕賲</li> <li>賵鬲賲丕賷夭賱賵賳賷賮賷丕禺鬲賷丕乇兀賱賵丕賳丕賱兀丨噩丕乇丕賱鬲賷鬲亘丿賵亘購賳賷賾丞賵兀乇噩賵丕賳賷丞賵兀賯丨賵丕賳賷丞賲鬲賳丕爻賯丞廿賱賶丨丿賰亘賷乇乇睾賲兀賳賴丕兀禺鬲賷乇鬲賰賲賵丕丿禺丕賲賱丕丿禺賱賱賲毓丕賱噩丞丕賱兀賱賵丕賳賮賷賴丕賱賰賳賴丕乇氐鬲賲賵丕賰亘丞賱賱亘賷卅丞丕賱胤丕卅賮賷丞賵噩亘丕賱賴丕賵兀丨噩丕乇賴丕</li></ul> <p>兀賲丕卮亘丕亘賷賰丕賱賯氐乇丕賱鬲賷賱賲鬲鬲噩丕賵夭丕賱毓卮乇丞賮賯丿亘購賳賷鬲丕胤丕乇丕鬲賴丕賵亘乇丕賵賷夭賴賴丕賵兀賯賵丕爻賴丕賲賳丕賱丨噩丕乇丞亘亘乇丕毓丞賴賳丿爻賷丞賲賱丨賵馗丞賵賰丕賳鬲丕賱兀禺卮丕亘賯丿丨賮乇鬲亘賲賴丕乇丞賵丕禺賱丕氐賵鬲賮丕賳賺賱噩毓賱丕賱亘賷卅丞賵賲賳丕夭賱賴丕鬲亘丿賵賮賷氐賵乇丞乇丕卅毓丞賰乇賵毓丞賴賵丕亍丕賱胤丕卅賮賵賳爻賷賲賴賵亘賴噩鬲賴賵氐賮丕卅賴".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="賲賵丕丿_丕賱亘賳丕亍"><span id=".D9.85.D9.88.D8.A7.D8.AF_.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.A8.D9.86.D8.A7.D8.A1"></span>賲賵丕丿丕賱亘賳丕亍</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A&action=edit&section=7" title="毓丿賱丕賱賯爻賲: 賲賵丕丿丕賱亘賳丕亍"><span>毓丿賱</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>丕賱賳賵乇賴.</li> <li>丕賱丨噩乇.</li> <li>丕賱亘胤丨丕亍.</li> <li>禺卮亘丕賱夭丕賳.</li> <li>禺卮亘丕賱毓乇毓乇.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="丕賳馗乇_丕賷囟丕賸"><span id=".D8.A7.D9.86.D8.B8.D8.B1_.D8.A7.D9.8A.D8.B6.D8.A7.D9.8B"></span>丕賳馗乇丕賷囟丕賸</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A&action=edit&section=8" title="毓丿賱丕賱賯爻賲: 丕賳馗乇丕賷囟丕賸"><span>毓丿賱</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%B4%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7_(%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81)" title="賯氐乇卮亘乇丕 (丕賱胤丕卅賮)">賯氐乇卮亘乇丕 (丕賱胤丕卅賮)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="亘賷鬲丕賱賰丕鬲亘">亘賷鬲丕賱賰丕鬲亘</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="賵氐賱丕鬲_禺丕乇噩賷丞"><span id=".D9.88.D8.B5.D9.84.D8.A7.D8.AA_.D8.AE.D8.A7.D8.B1.D8.AC.D9.8A.D8.A9"></span>賵氐賱丕鬲禺丕乇噩賷丞</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A&action=edit&section=9" title="毓丿賱丕賱賯爻賲: 賵氐賱丕鬲禺丕乇噩賷丞"><span>毓丿賱</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.al-madina.com/article/345888">賯氐賵乇丕賱胤丕卅賮.. 爻賰賳丕賱賲賱賵賰賵卮賵丕賴丿丕賱毓賲丕乇丞賵丕賱鬲丕乇賷禺</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alriyadh.com/1033120">芦賯氐賵乇丕賱胤丕卅賮丕賱兀孬乇賷丞禄卮賵丕賴丿鬲丕乇賷禺賷丞賱丕鬲賳爻賶</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="賲氐丕丿乇"><span id=".D9.85.D8.B5.D8.A7.D8.AF.D8.B1"></span>賲氐丕丿乇</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A&action=edit&section=10" title="毓丿賱丕賱賯爻賲: 賲氐丕丿乇"><span>毓丿賱</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>丕賱胤丕卅賮賵亘賯丕賷丕丕賱兀賲爻丿乇丕爻丞丨囟丕乇賷丞- 毓賲乇丕賳賷丞- 鬲賵孬賷賯賷丞賱賯氐賵乇賵丿賵乇丕賱胤丕卅賮丕賱賯丿賷賲丞貙毓丿賳丕賳丕賱賲賴賳丕貙廿卮乇丕賮: 丨賲丕丿丕賱爻丕賱賲賷貙廿氐丿丕乇賱噩賳丞丕賱賲胤亘賵毓丕鬲賮賷丕賱鬲賳卮賷胤丕賱爻賷丕丨賷貙丕賱胤丕卅賮貙丕賱胤亘毓丞丕賱兀賵賱賶貙 1416賴賭/1995賲. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="丕賱賲乇丕噩毓"><span id=".D8.A7.D9.84.D9.85.D8.B1.D8.A7.D8.AC.D8.B9"></span>丕賱賲乇丕噩毓</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A&action=edit&section=11" title="毓丿賱丕賱賯爻賲: 丕賱賲乇丕噩毓"><span>毓丿賱</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r64185426">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal;overflow-y:auto;max-height:300px}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}@media print{.mw-parser-output .reflist{overflow-y:visible!important;max-height:none!important}}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">丕賱胤丕卅賮賵亘賯丕賷丕丕賱兀賲爻丿乇丕爻丞丨囟丕乇賷丞- 毓賲乇丕賳賷丞- 鬲賵孬賷賯賷丞賱賯氐賵乇賵丿賵乇丕賱胤丕卅賮丕賱賯丿賷賲丞貙毓丿賳丕賳丕賱賲賴賳丕貙廿卮乇丕賮: 丨賲丕丿丕賱爻丕賱賲賷貙廿氐丿丕乇賱噩賳丞丕賱賲胤亘賵毓丕鬲賮賷丕賱鬲賳卮賷胤丕賱爻賷丕丨賷貙丕賱胤丕卅賮貙丕賱胤亘毓丞丕賱兀賵賱賶貙 1416賴賭/1995賲貙氐38-39.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-賲賵賱丿_鬲賱賯丕卅賷丕1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-賲賵賱丿_鬲賱賯丕卅賷丕1_2-0"><sup><i><b>丕</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-賲賵賱丿_鬲賱賯丕卅賷丕1_2-1"><sup><i><b>亘</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">丕賱胤丕卅賮賵亘賯丕賷丕丕賱兀賲爻: 賲乇噩毓爻丕亘賯貙氐 37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">丕賱胤丕卅賮賵亘賯丕賷丕丕賱兀賲爻: 賲乇噩毓爻丕亘賯貙氐 37</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">丕賱胤丕卅賮賵亘賯丕賷丕丕賱兀賲爻: 賲乇噩毓爻丕亘賯貙氐 37-38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">丕賱胤丕卅賮賵亘賯丕賷丕丕賱兀賲爻: 賲乇噩毓爻丕亘賯貙氐 38</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">丕賱胤丕卅賮賵亘賯丕賷丕丕賱兀賲爻: 賲乇噩毓爻丕亘賯貙氐 39</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r68268331">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:20ch;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:solid #aaa 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