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G.E.V. (board game) - Wikipedia

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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>G.E.V.</i> (board game)</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="This article exist only in this language. 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">G.E.V.</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Cover_of_GEV_boardgame.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/55/Cover_of_GEV_boardgame.png/220px-Cover_of_GEV_boardgame.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="376" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/55/Cover_of_GEV_boardgame.png 1.5x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="410" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Original "plastic bag" edition published by Metagaming Concepts, 1977</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publishers</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Metagaming_Concepts" title="Metagaming Concepts">Metagaming Concepts</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publication</th><td class="infobox-data">1978</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genres</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Board_wargame" title="Board wargame">Board wargame</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>G.E.V.</b></i> ("Ground Effect Vehicle") is a science fiction <a href="/wiki/Board_wargame" title="Board wargame">board wargame</a> that simulates combat in the near future between armored hovercraft, supertanks and other futuristic weaponry. </p><p>The game was designed by American game designer <a href="/wiki/Steve_Jackson_(US_game_designer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Steve Jackson (US game designer)">Steve Jackson</a> as a sequel to his <i><a href="/wiki/Ogre_(board_game)" title="Ogre (board game)">Ogre</a></i> board game when he was working for <a href="/wiki/Metagaming_Concepts" title="Metagaming Concepts">Metagaming Concepts</a>. When Jackson left Metagaming to form his own company, he took the rights to both <i>G.E.V.</i> and <i>Ogre</i> with him, and all subsequent editions have been produced by <a href="/wiki/Steve_Jackson_Games" title="Steve Jackson Games">Steve Jackson Games</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G.E.V._(board_game)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>G.E.V.</i> is a two-player wargame set in the late 21st century that features GEVs as well as Ogres (large <a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">intelligent</a> tanks), conventional tanks, infantry, and artillery. It developed as a sequel to <i>Ogre</i>, which had already featured GEVs as a secondary vehicle. GEVs were lightly-armed <a href="/wiki/Hovercraft" title="Hovercraft">hovercraft</a> that moved more quickly than the huge, lumbering Ogres. The new game expanded the GEV gameplay and gave scenarios fitted to a high-speed vehicle. A feature of the GEV gameplay was that the original move-fire turn sequence of typical combat games became a move-fire-move sequence, with GEVs allowed a second movement phase.<sup id="cite_ref-WD_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WD-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> This could be used for either hit-and-run attacks with a retreat phase out of range, or a charge emphasizing a high-speed advance, even without time to adequately defend. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Components">Components</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G.E.V._(board_game)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Components"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The game components of the original 1977 edition published by Metagames Concepts are:<sup id="cite_ref-phoenix30_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-phoenix30-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>a 12&#160;in ×&#160;14&#160;in (300&#160;mm ×&#160;360&#160;mm) map, printed on glossy paper</li> <li>135 counters representing military units and machines</li> <li>a 22-page rulebook</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scenarios">Scenarios</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G.E.V._(board_game)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Scenarios"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Four scenarios are included with the game. All have a basic version for beginning players, an advanced version, and a <i>Ogre</i> version:<sup id="cite_ref-phoenix30_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-phoenix30-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Breakthrough: GEVs must try to break through a strong defended point</li> <li>Raid: The sequel to "Breakthrough", as GEVs try to cause as much damage as possible before reinforcements can arrive.</li> <li>The Train: GEVs attack a supply train</li> <li>Ceasefire Collapse: Both sides races across a <a href="/wiki/DMZ" class="mw-redirect" title="DMZ">DMZ</a> to capture as much land as possible.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Movement">Movement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G.E.V._(board_game)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Movement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Each piece has a movement factor which indicates the number of hexes it can move each turn, although certain types of terrain can penalize this. Most units are restricted to "move &amp; shoot" phases each turn (move phase first, then combat phase). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Combat">Combat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G.E.V._(board_game)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Combat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Attacks are resolved by comparing the attacking unit's strength to the defending unit's defense strength. Rules are also provided for overrun combat, spillover fire, and cover.<sup id="cite_ref-gevreview_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gevreview-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Victory_conditions">Victory conditions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G.E.V._(board_game)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Victory conditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Each scenario uses a points-based victory condition system. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publication_history">Publication history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G.E.V._(board_game)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Publication history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1977, Metagaming Concepts published <i>Ogre</i> and pioneered the <a href="/wiki/Microgame_(board_games)" title="Microgame (board games)">microgame</a>, a small, cheap and simple solitaire or two-player game, often with a science fiction or fantasy theme. <i>Ogre</i> was created by Steve Jackson, who then designed a sequel, <i>G.E.V.</i>, which was published by Metagaming as their 6th <a href="/wiki/MicroGame" title="MicroGame">MicroGame</a> in 1977. </p><p>When Jackson left Metagaming in 1982 over a dispute about some of his other games to found <a href="/wiki/Steve_Jackson_Games" title="Steve Jackson Games">Steve Jackson Games</a> (SJG), he took the rights to <i>Ogre</i> and <i>G.E.V.</i> with him, and immediately published new editions of both games. He followed this with a number of popular sequels, including <i>Shockwave</i>, <i>Ogre Reinforcement Pack</i>, and <i>Ogre Battlefields</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-sim27_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sim27-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1990, <i>Ogre</i> was combined with <i>G.E.V.</i> as <i>Ogre/G.E.V.</i>, a single 5 3/8" x 8 1/2" box. The rules were combined into a single 4&#160;in ×&#160;7&#160;in (100&#160;mm ×&#160;180&#160;mm) two-way booklet, with the rules for one game printed in one direction; the booklet was flipped over to see the other rules. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G.E.V._(board_game)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the inaugural issue of <i><a href="/wiki/Ares_(magazine)" title="Ares (magazine)">Ares</a></i> (March 1980), <a href="/wiki/David_J._Ritchie" title="David J. Ritchie">David Ritchie</a> commented that "<i>GEV</i> is not as clean as <i>Ogre</i>, but probably has more replay value. There are some imaginative scenarios, including one involving an armored train." Ritchie concluded by giving the game a very good rating of 8 out of 9, saying, "Possibly the best single micro game."<sup id="cite_ref-Ares_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ares-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Issue 30 of <i><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(wargaming_magazine)" title="Phoenix (wargaming magazine)">Phoenix</a></i>, (March–April 1981), Michael Stoner thought it was a very quick-moving game, noting that in most scenarios, one player gains the upper hand within ten minutes of play. He concluded, "It is not as much of a 'fun' game as <i>Ogre</i> but is, rather, a realistic (and quite complex) game that tests your skill to the limit."<sup id="cite_ref-phoenix30_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-phoenix30-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1980 book <i><a href="/wiki/The_Complete_Book_of_Wargames" title="The Complete Book of Wargames">The Complete Book of Wargames</a></i>, game designer <a href="/wiki/Jon_Freeman_(game_designer)" title="Jon Freeman (game designer)">Jon Freeman</a> thought that "<i>GEV</i> suffers from the problem of all sequels: it's hard to live up to the reputation created by the original. Since <i>Ogre</i> is one of the most remarkably successful games ever, <i>GEV</i> has a hard act to follow. It can be perhaps forgiven its small failures. As a game in its own right, it’s somewhat dull. Though the situation is hypothetical, the feel is exceptionally conventional. The battles could be lifted whole from [ <a href="/wiki/Avalon_Hill" title="Avalon Hill">Avalon Hill</a>'s wargame] <i><a href="/wiki/PanzerBlitz" title="PanzerBlitz">PanzerBlitz</a></i>. Only when Ogres are added and the situation is reduced to the uncomplicated objectives of the earlier game does it come to life." Freeman concluded by give the game an Overall Evaluation of "Good", saying, "It's a good expansion kit, but only a fair game. If you have <i>Ogre</i> and like it, you'll want this. If not, get <i>Ogre</i> first."<sup id="cite_ref-cbw_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbw-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Issue 27 of <i>Simulacrum</i>, Brian Train noted, "Probably the high point of microgames. Small, fast and has a reasonable punch, just like the titular units."<sup id="cite_ref-sim27_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sim27-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reviews">Reviews</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G.E.V._(board_game)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Reviews"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Galileo_(magazine)" title="Galileo (magazine)">Galileo</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G.E.V._(board_game)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-WD-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WD_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEasterbrook1977" class="citation journal cs1">Easterbrook, Martin (August–September 1977). "Open Box: OGRE". <i><a href="/wiki/White_Dwarf_(magazine)" title="White Dwarf (magazine)">White Dwarf</a></i> (#2). <a href="/wiki/Games_Workshop" title="Games Workshop">Games Workshop</a>: 12.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=White+Dwarf&amp;rft.atitle=Open+Box%3A+OGRE&amp;rft.issue=%232&amp;rft.pages=12&amp;rft.date=1977-08%2F1977-09&amp;rft.aulast=Easterbrook&amp;rft.aufirst=Martin&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.E.V.+%28board+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-phoenix30-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-phoenix30_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-phoenix30_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-phoenix30_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStoner1981" class="citation magazine cs1">Stoner, Michael (March–April 1981). "G.E.V.". <i><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(wargaming_magazine)" title="Phoenix (wargaming magazine)">Phoenix</a></i>. No.&#160;30. p.&#160;13.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Phoenix&amp;rft.atitle=G.E.V.&amp;rft.issue=30&amp;rft.pages=13&amp;rft.date=1981-03%2F1981-04&amp;rft.aulast=Stoner&amp;rft.aufirst=Michael&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.E.V.+%28board+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gevreview-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gevreview_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerke" class="citation journal cs1">Berke, Al. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071203235826/http://www.wargamer.com/reviews/gev_main.asp">"Deluxe G.E.V. (review)"</a>. <i>The Wargamer</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wargamer.com/reviews/gev_main.asp">the original</a> on December 3, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 24,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Wargamer&amp;rft.atitle=Deluxe+G.E.V.+%28review%29&amp;rft.aulast=Berke&amp;rft.aufirst=Al&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wargamer.com%2Freviews%2Fgev_main.asp&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.E.V.+%28board+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sim27-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sim27_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sim27_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrain2007" class="citation magazine cs1">Train, Brian (2007). "G.E.V.". <i>Simulacrum</i>. No.&#160;27. pp.&#160;43–44.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Simulacrum&amp;rft.atitle=G.E.V.&amp;rft.issue=27&amp;rft.pages=43-44&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.aulast=Train&amp;rft.aufirst=Brian&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.E.V.+%28board+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ares-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ares_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRitchie1980" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_J._Ritchie" title="David J. Ritchie">Ritchie, David</a> (March 1980). "A Galaxy of Games". <i><a href="/wiki/Ares_(magazine)" title="Ares (magazine)">Ares Magazine</a></i> (1): 28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Ares+Magazine&amp;rft.atitle=A+Galaxy+of+Games&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.pages=28&amp;rft.date=1980-03&amp;rft.aulast=Ritchie&amp;rft.aufirst=David&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.E.V.+%28board+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cbw-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cbw_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreeman1980" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jon_Freeman_(game_designer)" title="Jon Freeman (game designer)">Freeman, Jon</a> (1980). <i>The Complete Book of Wargames</i>. New York: Simon &amp; Schuster. pp.&#160;216–217.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Complete+Book+of+Wargames&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pages=216-217&amp;rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&amp;rft.date=1980&amp;rft.aulast=Freeman&amp;rft.aufirst=Jon&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.E.V.+%28board+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/Galileo_15_1979-11_dtsg0318/page/n89/mode/2up">"Galileo #15 (1979 11) (Dtsg0318)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Galileo+%2315+%281979+11%29+%28Dtsg0318%29&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FGalileo_15_1979-11_dtsg0318%2Fpage%2Fn89%2Fmode%2F2up&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.E.V.+%28board+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐6696b4cc84‐x4blm Cached time: 20241122160626 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.231 seconds Real time usage: 0.372 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1014/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 12605/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 903/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 24969/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.131/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6917800/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 285.973 1 -total 38.55% 110.245 1 Template:Reflist 27.08% 77.452 3 Template:Cite_journal 25.04% 71.606 1 Template:Short_description 13.22% 37.798 1 Template:Infobox_game 12.03% 34.411 1 Template:Infobox 10.67% 30.504 1 Template:Use_mdy_dates 10.19% 29.150 2 Template:Pagetype 8.42% 24.083 2 Template:Convert 7.59% 21.717 5 Template:Main_other --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:407545-0!canonical and timestamp 20241122160626 and revision id 1231819897. 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