CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Minocycline - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"72401dd2-21ee-40a5-9515-8b5433db9445","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Minocycline","wgTitle":"Minocycline","wgCurRevisionId":1256727461,"wgRevisionId":1256727461,"wgArticleId":249270,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 German-language sources (de)","CS1 maint: overridden setting","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use dmy dates from August 2021","Articles with changed DrugBank identifier","Articles with changed EBI identifier","ECHA InfoCard ID from Wikidata","Drugboxes which contain changes to verified fields","Drugboxes which contain changes to watched fields","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from May 2021", "Wikipedia medicine articles ready to translate","Anti-acne preparations","Anti-inflammatory agents","Hepatotoxins","Neuroprotective agents","NMDA receptor antagonists","PARP inhibitors","Drugs developed by Pfizer","Tetracycline antibiotics","Triketones","Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs","Drugs developed by Wyeth"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Minocycline","wgRelevantArticleId":249270,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true}, "wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":50000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q415336","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.math.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready", "ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.math.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Minocycline.svg/1200px-Minocycline.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="633"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Minocycline.svg/800px-Minocycline.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="422"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Minocycline.svg/640px-Minocycline.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="338"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Minocycline - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minocycline"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minocycline"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Minocycline rootpage-Minocycline skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Minocycline" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Minocycline" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Minocycline" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Minocycline" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Medical_uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medical_uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Medical uses</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Medical_uses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Medical uses subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Medical_uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Acne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Acne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Infections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Other</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contraindications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contraindications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Contraindications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contraindications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Side_effects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Side_effects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Side effects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Side_effects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interactions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interactions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Interactions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interactions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pharmacology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pharmacology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Pharmacology</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Pharmacology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Pharmacology subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Pharmacology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mechanism_of_action" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mechanism_of_action"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Mechanism of action</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mechanism_of_action-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pharmacokinetics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pharmacokinetics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Pharmacokinetics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pharmacokinetics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chemistry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chemistry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Chemistry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chemistry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Society_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Society_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Society and culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Society_and_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Society and culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Society_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Brand_names" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brand_names"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Brand names</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brand_names-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Research</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Research-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Research subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Data_from_cellular_and_animal_models" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Data_from_cellular_and_animal_models"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Data from cellular and animal models</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Data_from_cellular_and_animal_models-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Minocycline</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86" title="مينوسيكلين – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مينوسيكلين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86" title="مینوسایکلین – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مینوسایکلین" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minociclina" title="Minociclina – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Minociclina" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minocyclin" title="Minocyclin – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Minocyclin" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minocyclin" title="Minocyclin – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Minocyclin" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minociclina" title="Minociclina – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Minociclina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86" title="مینوسایکلین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مینوسایکلین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minocycline" title="Minocycline – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Minocycline" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minociclina" title="Minociclina – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Minociclina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%83%8E%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3" title="ミノサイクリン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ミノサイクリン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B2%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A8" title="ମିନୋସାଇକ୍ଲିନ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ମିନୋସାଇକ୍ଲିନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minocyklina" title="Minocyklina – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Minocyklina" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minociclina" title="Minociclina – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Minociclina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minociclin%C4%83" title="Minociclină – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Minociclină" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Миноциклин – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Миноциклин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minociklin" title="Minociklin – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Minociklin" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minociklin" title="Minociklin – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Minociklin" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minosykliini" title="Minosykliini – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Minosykliini" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99" title="มิโนไซคลีน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มิโนไซคลีน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minosiklin" title="Minosiklin – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Minosiklin" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minocycline" title="Minocycline – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Minocycline" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E8%AF%BA%E7%8E%AF%E7%B4%A0" title="米诺环素 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="米诺环素" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q415336#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Minocycline" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Minocycline" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Minocycline"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Minocycline"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Minocycline" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Minocycline" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&oldid=1256727461" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Minocycline&id=1256727461&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMinocycline"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMinocycline"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Minocycline&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Minocycline" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q415336" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Antibiotic medication</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-spacing:2px;"><caption class="infobox-title"><span title="International nonproprietary name (INN): Minocycline">Minocycline</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image notheme" style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Minocycline.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Minocycline.svg/220px-Minocycline.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Minocycline.svg/330px-Minocycline.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Minocycline.svg/440px-Minocycline.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="270" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image notheme" style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Minocycline_(model).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Minocycline_%28model%29.png/220px-Minocycline_%28model%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Minocycline_%28model%29.png/330px-Minocycline_%28model%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Minocycline_%28model%29.png/440px-Minocycline_%28model%29.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="320" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd">Clinical data</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Drug_nomenclature#Trade_names" title="Drug nomenclature">Trade names</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Minocin, Amzeeq, others</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/American_Society_of_Health-System_Pharmacists" title="American Society of Health-System Pharmacists">AHFS</a>/<a href="/wiki/Drugs.com" title="Drugs.com">Drugs.com</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="www.drugs.com"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugs.com/monograph/minocycline-hydrochloride.html">Monograph</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/MedlinePlus" title="MedlinePlus">MedlinePlus</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="medlineplus.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682101.html">a682101</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Regulation_of_therapeutic_goods" title="Regulation of therapeutic goods">License data</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="United States">US</abbr></small> <a href="/wiki/DailyMed" title="DailyMed">DailyMed</a>: <span title="dailymed.nlm.nih.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/search.cfm?labeltype=all&query=Minocycline">Minocycline</a></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Pregnancy_category" title="Pregnancy category">Pregnancy<br />category</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="Australia">AU</abbr>:</small> D<sup id="cite_ref-Drugs.com_pregnancy_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Drugs.com_pregnancy-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Route_of_administration" title="Route of administration">Routes of<br />administration</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Oral_administration" title="Oral administration">By mouth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intravenous_therapy" title="Intravenous therapy">intravenous</a>, <a href="/wiki/Topical_medication" title="Topical medication">topical</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_Therapeutic_Chemical_Classification_System" title="Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System">ATC code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATC_code_J01" title="ATC code J01">J01AA08</a> (<span title="www.whocc.no"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA08">WHO</a></span>) <a href="/wiki/ATC_code_A01" title="ATC code A01">A01AB23</a> (<span title="www.whocc.no"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=A01AB23">WHO</a></span>), <a href="/wiki/ATC_code_D10" title="ATC code D10">D10AF07</a> (<span title="www.whocc.no"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=D10AF07">WHO</a></span>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd">Legal status</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Regulation_of_therapeutic_goods" title="Regulation of therapeutic goods">Legal status</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="Australia">AU</abbr>:</small> <a href="/wiki/Standard_for_the_Uniform_Scheduling_of_Medicines_and_Poisons#Schedule_4" title="Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Medicines and Poisons">S4</a> (Prescription only)</li> <li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="United States">US</abbr>:</small> <a href="/wiki/Prescription_drug" title="Prescription drug">℞-only</a><sup id="cite_ref-Minocin_FDA_label_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Minocin_FDA_label-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Amzeeq_FDA_label_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amzeeq_FDA_label-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd"><a href="/wiki/Pharmacokinetics" title="Pharmacokinetics">Pharmacokinetic</a> data</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Bioavailability" title="Bioavailability">Bioavailability</a></th><td class="infobox-data">90–100%<sup id="cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AHFS2019-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Plasma_protein_binding" title="Plasma protein binding">Protein binding</a></th><td class="infobox-data">70–75%<sup id="cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arzneistoff-Profile-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Drug_metabolism" title="Drug metabolism">Metabolism</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Liver" title="Liver">Liver</a><sup id="cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arzneistoff-Profile-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Biological_half-life" title="Biological half-life">Elimination <span class="nowrap">half-life</span></a></th><td class="infobox-data">14–22<sup id="cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arzneistoff-Profile-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (11–26<sup id="cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AHFS2019-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) hours</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Excretion" title="Excretion">Excretion</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Mostly <a href="/wiki/Fecal" class="mw-redirect" title="Fecal">fecal</a>, 10–15% <a href="/wiki/Renal" class="mw-redirect" title="Renal">renal</a><sup id="cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arzneistoff-Profile-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd">Identifiers</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/IUPAC_nomenclature_of_chemistry" title="IUPAC nomenclature of chemistry">IUPAC name</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; text-indent:-1.5em;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="font-size: 97%;">(2<i>E</i>,4<i>S</i>,4a<i>R</i>,5aS,12a<i>R</i>)-2-(Amino-hydroxy-methylidene)-4,7-bis(dimethylamino)-10,11,12a-trihydroxy-4a,5,5a,6- tetrahydro-4<i>H</i>-tetracene-1,3,12-trione<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/CAS_Registry_Number" title="CAS Registry Number">CAS Number</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="commonchemistry.cas.org"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=10118-90-8">10118-90-8</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/PubChem#CID" title="PubChem">PubChem</a> <span style="font-weight:normal"><abbr title="Compound ID">CID</abbr></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/54675783">54675783</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank">DrugBank</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.drugbank.ca"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01017">DB01017</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.chemspider.com"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.16735907.html">16735907</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Unique_Ingredient_Identifier" title="Unique Ingredient Identifier">UNII</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="precision.fda.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://precision.fda.gov/uniisearch/srs/unii/FYY3R43WGO">FYY3R43WGO</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/KEGG" title="KEGG">KEGG</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.kegg.jp"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kegg.jp/entry/D05045">D05045</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/ChEBI" title="ChEBI">ChEBI</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:50694">CHEBI:50694</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/ChEMBL" title="ChEMBL">ChEMBL</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/ChEMBL1434">ChEMBL1434</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/CompTox_Chemicals_Dashboard" title="CompTox Chemicals Dashboard">CompTox Dashboard</a> <span style="font-weight:normal">(<abbr title="U.S. Environmental Protection Agency">EPA</abbr>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="comptox.epa.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID1045033">DTXSID1045033</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415336#P3117" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/ECHA_InfoCard" class="mw-redirect" title="ECHA InfoCard"><span title="echa.europa.eu">ECHA InfoCard</span></a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://echa.europa.eu/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.226.626">100.226.626</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415336#P2566" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd">Chemical and physical data</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Chemical_formula" title="Chemical formula">Formula</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Carbon">C</span><sub>23</sub><span title="Hydrogen">H</span><sub>27</sub><span title="Nitrogen">N</span><sub>3</sub><span title="Oxygen">O</span><sub>7</sub></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Molar_mass" title="Molar mass">Molar mass</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002457483000000000♠"></span>457.483</span> g·mol<sup>−1</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;">3D model (<a href="/wiki/JSmol" class="mw-redirect" title="JSmol">JSmol</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="chemapps.stolaf.edu (3D interactive model)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chemapps.stolaf.edu/jmol/jmol.php?model=CN%28C%29c1ccc%28c2c1C%5BC%40H%5D3C%5BC%40H%5D4%5BC%40%40H%5D%28C%28%3DC%28C%28%3DO%29%5BC%40%5D4%28C%28%3DC3C2%3DO%29O%29O%29C%28%3DO%29N%29O%29N%28C%29C%29O">Interactive image</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Specific_rotation" title="Specific rotation">Specific rotation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle [\alpha ]_{D}^{25}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi>α</mi> <msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>D</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>25</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle [\alpha ]_{D}^{25}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/fc055b4d62c591651f8a4adbc6f6b2e9e71ce021" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:4.658ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle [\alpha ]_{D}^{25}}"></span> = −166°<sup id="cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arzneistoff-Profile-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Aqueous_solution" title="Aqueous solution">Solubility in water</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Low</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Simplified molecular-input line-entry system">SMILES</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">CN(C)c1ccc(c2c1C[C@H]3C[C@H]4[C@@H](C(=C(C(=O)[C@]4(C(=C3C2=O)O)O)C(=O)N)O)N(C)C)O</div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/International_Chemical_Identifier" title="International Chemical Identifier">InChI</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">InChI=1S/C23H27N3O7/c1-25(2)12-5-6-13(27)15-10(12)7-9-8-11-17(26(3)4)19(29)16(22(24)32)21(31)23(11,33)20(30)14(9)18(15)28/h5-6,9,11,17,27,29-30,33H,7-8H2,1-4H3,(H2,24,32)/t9-,11-,17-,23-/m0/s1<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></div></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">Key:DYKFCLLONBREIL-KVUCHLLUSA-N<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"> <sup><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Chemicals/Chembox_validation" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Chemicals/Chembox validation">(what is this?)</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">  <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ComparePages&rev1=413871574&page2=Minocycline">(verify)</a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Minocycline</b>, sold under the brand name <b>Minocin</b> among others, is a <a href="/wiki/Tetracycline_antibiotic" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetracycline antibiotic">tetracycline antibiotic</a> medication used to treat a number of bacterial infections such as some occurring in certain forms of <a href="/wiki/Pneumonia" title="Pneumonia">pneumonia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Minocin_FDA_label_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Minocin_FDA_label-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AHFS2019-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BNF76_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BNF76-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is generally (but not always) less preferred than the tetracycline <a href="/wiki/Doxycycline" title="Doxycycline">doxycycline</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AHFS2019-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BNF76_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BNF76-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Minocycline is also used for the treatment of <a href="/wiki/Acne" title="Acne">acne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis" title="Rheumatoid arthritis">rheumatoid arthritis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BNF76_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BNF76-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Amzeeq_FDA_label_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amzeeq_FDA_label-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is taken <a href="/wiki/Oral_administration" title="Oral administration">by mouth</a> or applied to the <a href="/wiki/Skin" title="Skin">skin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AHFS2019-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Amzeeq_FDA_label_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amzeeq_FDA_label-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, dizziness, allergic reactions, and kidney problems.<sup id="cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AHFS2019-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Serious side effects may include <a href="/wiki/Anaphylaxis" title="Anaphylaxis">anaphylaxis</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Lupus" title="Lupus">lupus</a>-like syndrome, and <a href="/wiki/Photosensitivity" title="Photosensitivity">easy sunburning</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AHFS2019-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Use in the later part of <a href="/wiki/Pregnancy" title="Pregnancy">pregnancy</a> may harm the baby and safety during <a href="/wiki/Breastfeeding" title="Breastfeeding">breastfeeding</a> is unclear.<sup id="cite_ref-Preg2019_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Preg2019-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It works by decreasing a bacterium's ability to make protein thus stopping its <a href="/wiki/Bacteriostatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Bacteriostatic">growth</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AHFS2019-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Minocycline was patented in 1961 and came into commercial use in 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-FischerGanellin2006_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FischerGanellin2006-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is available as a <a href="/wiki/Generic_medication" class="mw-redirect" title="Generic medication">generic medication</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BNF76_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BNF76-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2022, it was the 269th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 900,000 prescriptions.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medical_uses">Medical uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Medical uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Minocycline-150.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Minocycline-150.jpg/100px-Minocycline-150.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Minocycline-150.jpg/150px-Minocycline-150.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Minocycline-150.jpg/200px-Minocycline-150.jpg 2x" data-file-width="762" data-file-height="762" /></a><figcaption>Minocycline 100-mg capsules manufactured by Ranbaxy Pharmaceuticals</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Acne">Acne</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Acne"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Minocycline is <a href="/wiki/Indicated" class="mw-redirect" title="Indicated">indicated</a> to treat inflammatory lesions of non-nodular moderate to severe acne vulgaris in people nine years of age and older.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid38300170_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid38300170-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Amzeeq_FDA_label_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amzeeq_FDA_label-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Minocycline and <a href="/wiki/Doxycycline" title="Doxycycline">doxycycline</a> are frequently used for the treatment of <a href="/wiki/Acne_vulgaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Acne vulgaris">acne vulgaris</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both of these closely related antibiotics have similar levels of efficacy, although doxycycline has a slightly lower risk of adverse side effects.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid21061764_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid21061764-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historically, minocycline has been an effective treatment for acne vulgaris.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, acne that is caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a growing problem in many countries.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Europe and North America, a number of people with acne no longer respond well to treatment with <a href="/wiki/Tetracycline" title="Tetracycline">tetracycline</a> family antibiotics because their acne symptoms are caused by bacteria (primarily <i><a href="/wiki/Cutibacterium_acnes" title="Cutibacterium acnes">Cutibacterium acnes</a></i>) that are resistant to these antibiotics. In order to reduce resistance rates as well as increase the effectiveness of treatment, oral antibiotics should be generally combined with topical acne creams such as benzoyl peroxide or a retinoid (<a href="/wiki/Tretinoin" title="Tretinoin">tretinoin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adapalene" title="Adapalene">adapalene</a>, etc.).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Infections">Infections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Infections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Minocycline is also used for other skin infections such as <a href="/wiki/Methicillin-resistant_Staphylococcus_aureus" title="Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus">methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid17088156_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid17088156-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although minocycline's broader spectrum of activity, compared with other members of the group, includes activity against <i><a href="/wiki/Neisseria_meningitidis" title="Neisseria meningitidis">Neisseria meningitidis</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid15782277_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid15782277-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> its use for <a href="/wiki/Prophylaxis" class="mw-redirect" title="Prophylaxis">prophylaxis</a> is no longer recommended because of side effects (dizziness and vertigo). </p><p>It may be used to treat certain strains of methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> infection and a disease caused by drug-resistant <i><a href="/wiki/Acinetobacter" title="Acinetobacter">Acinetobacter</a></i> spp.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid19665876_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid19665876-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A list of uses includes: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amoebic_dysentery" class="mw-redirect" title="Amoebic dysentery">Amoebic dysentery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthrax" title="Anthrax">Anthrax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bubonic_plague" title="Bubonic plague">Bubonic plague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cholera" title="Cholera">Cholera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ehrlichiosis" title="Ehrlichiosis">Ehrlichiosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonorrhea" title="Gonorrhea">Gonorrhea</a> (when <a href="/wiki/Penicillin" title="Penicillin">penicillin</a> cannot be given)</li> <li>Gougerot-Carteaud syndrome (<a href="/wiki/Confluent_and_reticulated_papillomatosis" title="Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis">confluent and reticulated papillomatosis</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidradenitis_suppurativa" title="Hidradenitis suppurativa">Hidradenitis suppurativa</a></li> <li>For use as an adjuvant to <a href="/wiki/HAART" class="mw-redirect" title="HAART">HAART</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leprosy" title="Leprosy">Leprosy</a><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periodontal_disease" title="Periodontal disease">Periodontal disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perioral_dermatitis" title="Perioral dermatitis">Perioral dermatitis</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Respiratory infections such as <a href="/wiki/Pneumonia" title="Pneumonia">pneumonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_spotted_fever" title="Rocky Mountain spotted fever">Rocky Mountain spotted fever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosacea" title="Rosacea">Rosacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syphilis" title="Syphilis">Syphilis</a> (when penicillin cannot be given)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urinary_tract_infection" title="Urinary tract infection">Urinary tract infections</a>, rectal infections, and infections of the <a href="/wiki/Cervix" title="Cervix">cervix</a> caused by certain microbes</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Other"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Both minocycline and doxycycline have shown effectiveness in asthma due to immune-suppressing effects.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid21501686_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid21501686-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Minocycline and doxycycline have modest effectiveness in treating rheumatoid arthritis.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid21723947_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid21723947-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the 2015 <a href="/wiki/American_College_of_Rheumatology" title="American College of Rheumatology">American College of Rheumatology</a> guideline for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis does not include minocycline.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recent research indicate that centrally infused minocycline attenuates brain microglial activation, neuroinflammation and sympathetic activation during pulmonary hypertension.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contraindications">Contraindications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Contraindications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The drug is contraindicated in people with known <a href="/wiki/Hypersensitivity" title="Hypersensitivity">hypersensitivity</a> to tetracycline antibiotics, as there is complete cross sensitivity in this group. It is also contraindicated in people with severe <a href="/wiki/Liver_impairment" class="mw-redirect" title="Liver impairment">liver impairment</a> and after the 16th week of pregnancy.<sup id="cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arzneistoff-Profile-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Side_effects">Side effects</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Side effects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_dental_abnormalities_associated_with_cutaneous_conditions" title="List of dental abnormalities associated with cutaneous conditions">List of dental abnormalities associated with cutaneous conditions</a></div> <p>Minocycline may cause <a href="/wiki/Abdominal_pain" title="Abdominal pain">upset stomach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diarrhea" title="Diarrhea">diarrhea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dizziness" title="Dizziness">dizziness</a>, unsteadiness, <a href="/wiki/Somnolence" title="Somnolence">drowsiness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mouth_sores" class="mw-redirect" title="Mouth sores">mouth sores</a>, <a href="/wiki/Migraines" class="mw-redirect" title="Migraines">migraines</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vomiting" title="Vomiting">vomiting</a>. It increases <a href="/wiki/Photophobia" title="Photophobia">sensitivity to sunlight</a>, and may affect the quality of sleep and rarely causes sleep disorders.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid6661620_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid6661620-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has also been linked to cases of lupus.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prolonged use of minocycline can lead to blue-gray staining of skin, fingernails, and scar tissue. This staining is not permanent, but can take a very long time for the skin color to return to normal; however, a muddy brown skin color in sun-exposed areas is usually permanent.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid19595269_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid19595269-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Permanent blue discoloration of gums or teeth discoloration may also occur. Rare but serious side effects include <a href="/wiki/Fever" title="Fever">fever</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jaundice" title="Jaundice">yellowing of the eyes or skin</a>, stomach pain, sore throat, vision changes, and mental changes, including <a href="/wiki/Depersonalization" title="Depersonalization">depersonalization</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MedNet_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MedNet-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid14746427_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid14746427-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Occasionally, minocycline therapy may result in autoimmune disorders such as drug-related <a href="/wiki/Lupus" title="Lupus">lupus</a> and autoimmune hepatitis, which usually occurs in men who also developed minocycline-induced lupus; however, women are more likely to develop minocycline-induced lupus. Significant or complete recovery occurs in most people who develop minocycline-induced autoimmune problems within a period of a few weeks to a year of cessation of minocycline therapy. Autoimmune problems emerge during chronic therapy, but can sometimes occur after only short courses of a couple of weeks of therapy.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid18200008_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid18200008-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid20642295_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid20642295-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Drug_reaction_with_eosinophilia_and_systemic_symptoms" class="mw-redirect" title="Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms">Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms</a> syndrome can occur during the first few weeks of therapy with minocycline.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid20642295_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid20642295-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Minocycline, but not other tetracyclines, can cause vestibular disturbances with dizziness, <a href="/wiki/Ataxia" title="Ataxia">ataxia</a>, vertigo, and <a href="/wiki/Tinnitus" title="Tinnitus">tinnitus</a>. These effects are thought to be related to minocycline's greater penetration into the central nervous system. Vestibular side effects are much more common in women than in men, occurring in 50 to 70% of women receiving minocycline. As a result of the frequency of this bothersome side effect, minocycline is rarely used in female patients.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Minocycline's vestibular side effects typically resolve after discontinuation of the drug.<sup id="cite_ref-Bauman_2010_pp.435–436_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bauman_2010_pp.435–436-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Drugs.com_2023_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Drugs.com_2023-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid4143012_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid4143012-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid1081373_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid1081373-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Symptoms of an allergic reaction include <a href="/wiki/Rash" title="Rash">rash</a>, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, and trouble breathing.<sup id="cite_ref-MedNet_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MedNet-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Minocycline has also been reported to very rarely cause <a href="/wiki/Idiopathic_intracranial_hypertension" title="Idiopathic intracranial hypertension">idiopathic intracranial hypertension</a> (pseudotumor cerebri),<sup id="cite_ref-pmid15675888_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid15675888-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a side effect also more common in female patients, potentially leading to permanent vision damage if not recognized early and treated.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Contrary to most other tetracycline antibiotics (<a href="/wiki/Doxycycline" title="Doxycycline">doxycycline</a> excluded), minocycline may be used in those with kidney disease, but may aggravate <a href="/wiki/Systemic_lupus_erythematosus" class="mw-redirect" title="Systemic lupus erythematosus">systemic lupus erythematosus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Note1_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Note1-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It may also trigger or unmask <a href="/wiki/Autoimmune_hepatitis" title="Autoimmune hepatitis">autoimmune hepatitis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid16394302_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid16394302-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Minocycline can cause the rare condition of <a href="/wiki/Idiopathic_intra-cranial_hypertension" class="mw-redirect" title="Idiopathic intra-cranial hypertension">secondary intracranial hypertension</a>, which has initial symptoms of headache, visual disturbances, dizziness, vomiting, and confusion.<sup id="cite_ref-Friedman_2005_pp._29–37_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Friedman_2005_pp._29–37-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Cerebral_edema" title="Cerebral edema">Brain swelling</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis" title="Rheumatoid arthritis">rheumatoid arthritis</a> are rare side effects of minocycline in some people.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Minocycline, like most tetracyclines, becomes dangerous past its expiration date.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While most prescription drugs lose potency after their expiration dates, tetracyclines are known to become toxic over time. Expired tetracyclines can cause serious damage to the kidney due to the formation of a degradation product, anhydro-4-epitetracycline.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Minocycline's absorption is impaired if taken at the same time of day as calcium or iron supplements. Unlike some of the other tetracycline group antibiotics, it can be taken with calcium-rich foods such as milk, although this does reduce the absorption slightly.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Minocycline, like other tetracyclines, is associated with esophageal irritation and ulceration if insufficient fluids are taken with the drug before sleep.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 2007 study suggested that minocycline harms <a href="/wiki/Amyotrophic_lateral_sclerosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis">amyotrophic lateral sclerosis</a> patients. Patients on minocycline declined more rapidly than those on placebo. The mechanism of this side effect is unknown, although a hypothesis is that the drug exacerbated an autoimmune component of the primary disease. The effect does not seem to be dose-dependent because the patients on high doses did not do worse than those on the low doses.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The use of minocycline in <a href="/wiki/Acne" title="Acne">acne vulgaris</a> has been associated with skin and gut <a href="/wiki/Dysbiosis" title="Dysbiosis">dysbiosis</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Antibiotic_misuse" title="Antibiotic misuse">antibiotic misuse</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Interactions">Interactions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Interactions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The combination of minocycline with dairy, antacids, calcium and magnesium supplements, iron products, laxatives containing magnesium, or <a href="/wiki/Bile_acid_sequestrant" title="Bile acid sequestrant">bile acid sequestrants</a> may decrease minocycline's effectiveness by forming <a href="/wiki/Chelate" class="mw-redirect" title="Chelate">chelates</a>. Combining it with <a href="/wiki/Isotretinoin" title="Isotretinoin">isotretinoin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acitretin" title="Acitretin">acitretin</a> or other <a href="/wiki/Retinoid" title="Retinoid">retinoids</a> can increase the risk for intracranial hypertension. Minocycline significantly reduces concentrations of the anti-HIV drug <a href="/wiki/Atazanavir" title="Atazanavir">atazanavir</a> in the body.<sup id="cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arzneistoff-Profile-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mediQ_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mediQ-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pharmacology">Pharmacology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Pharmacology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mechanism_of_action">Mechanism of action</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Mechanism of action"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tetracycline_antibiotics#Mechanism_of_action" title="Tetracycline antibiotics">Tetracycline antibiotics § Mechanism of action</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pharmacokinetics">Pharmacokinetics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Pharmacokinetics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Minocycline is quickly and nearly completely absorbed from the upper part of the <a href="/wiki/Small_intestine" title="Small intestine">small intestine</a>. Taking it together with food, including milk, has no relevant influence on resorption. It reaches highest <a href="/wiki/Blood_plasma" title="Blood plasma">blood plasma</a> concentrations after one to two hours and has a <a href="/wiki/Plasma_protein" title="Plasma protein">plasma protein</a> binding of 70–75%. The substance penetrates into almost all tissues; very high concentrations are found in the <a href="/wiki/Gallbladder" title="Gallbladder">gallbladder</a> and liver. It crosses the <a href="/wiki/Blood%E2%80%93brain_barrier" title="Blood–brain barrier">blood–brain barrier</a> better than <a href="/wiki/Doxycycline" title="Doxycycline">doxycycline</a> and other tetracyclines, reaching therapeutically relevant concentrations in the <a href="/wiki/Cerebrospinal_fluid" title="Cerebrospinal fluid">cerebrospinal fluid</a> and also in inflamed <a href="/wiki/Meninges" title="Meninges">meninges</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arzneistoff-Profile-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AC_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Minocycline is inactivated by <a href="/wiki/Metabolization" class="mw-redirect" title="Metabolization">metabolization</a> in the liver to about 50%. The rest is predominantly excreted into the gut (in part via the gallbladder, in part directly from blood vessels) and eliminated via the feces. About 10–15% are eliminated via the kidneys. The <a href="/wiki/Biological_half-life" title="Biological half-life">biological half-life</a> is 14–22 (11–26<sup id="cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AHFS2019-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) hours in healthy people, up to 30 hours in those with <a href="/wiki/Kidney_failure" title="Kidney failure">kidney failure</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AHFS2019-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and significantly longer in those with <a href="/wiki/Liver_disease" title="Liver disease">liver disease</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arzneistoff-Profile-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AC_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chemistry">Chemistry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Chemistry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The drug is used in form of minocycline <a href="/wiki/Hydrochloride" title="Hydrochloride">hydrochloride</a> <a href="/wiki/Water_of_crystallization" title="Water of crystallization">dihydrate</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-AC_54-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is sparingly <a href="/wiki/Solubility" title="Solubility">soluble</a> in water and slightly soluble in <a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol">ethanol</a>. Minocycline reacts acidic in aqueous solution.<sup id="cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arzneistoff-Profile-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Minocycline was patented in 1961 and came into commercial use in 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-FischerGanellin2006_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FischerGanellin2006-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Topical_medication" title="Topical medication">topical</a> <a href="/wiki/Foam" title="Foam">foam</a> for treatment of <a href="/wiki/Acne" title="Acne">acne</a> was approved in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-Amzeeq_FDA_label_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amzeeq_FDA_label-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Society_and_culture">Society and culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Society and culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brand_names">Brand names</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Brand names"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Minomycin</li> <li>Minostad (in Europe, for the treatment of <a href="/wiki/Acne_vulgaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Acne vulgaris">acne</a>)</li> <li>Akamin</li> <li>Minocin</li> <li>Minoderm</li> <li>Cyclimycin</li> <li>Arestin (1-mg doses administered locally into <a href="/wiki/Periodontal_pocket" class="mw-redirect" title="Periodontal pocket">periodontal pockets</a>, after <a href="/wiki/Scaling_and_root_planing" title="Scaling and root planing">scaling and root planing</a>, for treatment of periodontal disease.)<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Aknemin</li> <li>Solodyn (extended-release, for the treatment of acne)</li> <li>Dynacin</li> <li>Sebomin</li> <li>Mino-Tabs</li> <li>Acnamino</li> <li>Minopen (in Japan)</li> <li>Maracyn 2 (for treatment of bacterial infections in aquarium fish and amphibians)</li> <li>Quatrocin (in Syria)</li> <li>Minox (in Ireland)</li> <li>Minoz (in India and Romania)</li> <li>Divaine (in India)</li> <li>Vinocyclin 100 (100-mg dose approved for treatment of acne in Vietnam)</li> <li>Dentomycin (2% minocylcine gel for use in periodontal pockets)</li> <li>Amzeeq (4% foam, approved for treatment of acne United States)</li> <li>Zilxi (1.5% foam, approved for treatment of rosacea in the United States)</li> <li>Cleeravue-M</li></ul> <p>It is available as a <a href="/wiki/Generic_medication" class="mw-redirect" title="Generic medication">generic medication</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BNF76_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BNF76-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research">Research</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Early research has found a tentative benefit from minocycline in schizophrenia,<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with several trials underway.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2014 meta-analysis found minocycline may reduce negative and total symptom scores and was well tolerated.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Research is examining the possible <a href="/wiki/Neuroprotection" title="Neuroprotection">neuroprotective</a> and anti-inflammatory effects of minocycline against the progression of a group of <a href="/wiki/Neurodegenerative_disorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Neurodegenerative disorder">neurodegenerative disorders</a> including <a href="/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis" title="Multiple sclerosis">multiple sclerosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis" title="Rheumatoid arthritis">rheumatoid arthritis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Huntington%27s_disease" title="Huntington's disease">Huntington's disease</a>, and Parkinson's disease.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Note2_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Note2-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Note3_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Note3-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As mentioned above, minocycline harms ALS patients.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Minocycline is also known to indirectly inhibit inducible <a href="/wiki/Nitric_oxide_synthase" title="Nitric oxide synthase">nitric oxide synthase</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A trial found no difference between minocycline and placebo in people with Alzheimers' disease.<sup id="cite_ref-Howard_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howard-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Minocycline also has been used as a "last-ditch" treatment for <a href="/wiki/Toxoplasmosis" title="Toxoplasmosis">toxoplasmosis</a> in AIDS patients.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Minocycline is somewhat neuroprotective in mouse models of Huntington's disease.<sup id="cite_ref-Beal_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Beal-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 2007 study reported the impact of the antibiotic minocycline on clinical and <a href="/wiki/Magnetic_resonance_imaging" title="Magnetic resonance imaging">magnetic resonance imaging</a> (MRI) outcomes and serum immune molecules in 40 MS patients over 24 months of open-label minocycline treatment. Despite a moderately high pretreatment relapse rate in the patient group prior to treatment (1.3/year pre-enrollment; 1.2/year during a three-month baseline period), no relapses occurred between months 6 and 24 on minocycline. Also, despite significant MRI disease-activity pretreatment (19/40 scans had gadolinium-enhancing activity during a three-month run-in), the only patient with <a href="/wiki/MRI_contrast_agent" title="MRI contrast agent">gadolinium-enhancing</a> lesions on MRI at 12 and 24 months was on half-dose minocycline. Levels of <a href="/wiki/Interleukin-12" class="mw-redirect" title="Interleukin-12">interleukin-12</a> (IL-12), which at high levels might antagonize the proinflammatory IL-12 receptor, were elevated over 18 months of treatment, as were levels of soluble <a href="/wiki/Blood_vessel" title="Blood vessel">vascular</a> <a href="/wiki/Cell_adhesion_molecule" title="Cell adhesion molecule">cell adhesion molecule-1</a> (<a href="/wiki/VCAM-1" title="VCAM-1">VCAM-1</a>). The activity of <a href="/wiki/Matrix_metalloproteinase" title="Matrix metalloproteinase">matrix metalloproteinase-9</a> was decreased by treatment. Clinical and MRI outcomes in this study were supported by systemic immunological changes and call for further investigation of minocycline in MS.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Maier_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maier-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Minocycline has been studied for <a href="/wiki/Treatment-resistant_depression" title="Treatment-resistant depression">treatment-resistant depression</a>. According to a systematic review based on four clinical trials, "There is no significant difference with minocycline compared to placebo for depression not responding to first-line antidepressant therapy."<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In ongoing research and trial, minocycline demonstrated efficacy and seems a promising <a href="/wiki/Neuroprotection" title="Neuroprotection">neuroprotective</a> agent in acute stroke patients, especially in AIS subgroup. Further RCTs are needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of minocycline among ICH patients.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Several preclinical studies (in vitro cell cultures and animal models) suggest that minocycline may have otoprotective benefits. Animal models indicate it could potentially reduce noise-induced and blast-induced hearing loss, possibly by protecting <a href="/wiki/Hair_cell" title="Hair cell">hair cells</a> and mitigating inflammation.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid28007648_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid28007648-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid36820161_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid36820161-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In vitro and animal studies also show minocycline may help decrease ototoxicity from certain drugs like <a href="/wiki/Gentamicin" title="Gentamicin">gentamicin</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid15708492_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid15708492-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Neomycin" title="Neomycin">neomycin</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid25950003_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid25950003-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Cisplatin" title="Cisplatin">cisplatin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid21716954_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid21716954-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid21493367_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid21493367-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some early studies suggest that minocycline may be beneficial as an add-on treatment for moderate-to-severe <a href="/wiki/Obsessive-compulsive_disorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Obsessive-compulsive disorder">obsessive-compulsive disorder</a> (OCD) when used with an <a href="/wiki/SSRI" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRI">SSRI</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid36368186_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid36368186-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid36982324_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid36982324-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Data_from_cellular_and_animal_models">Data from cellular and animal models</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Data from cellular and animal models"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PARP1" title="PARP1">PARP1</a> <a href="/wiki/PARP_inhibitor" title="PARP inhibitor">inhibition</a> <a href="/wiki/Ligand_binding" class="mw-redirect" title="Ligand binding"><i>K</i><sub>i</sub></a> = 13.8 <a href="/wiki/Molar_concentration" title="Molar concentration">nM</a><sup id="cite_ref-pmid16769901_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid16769901-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuroprotection" title="Neuroprotection">Neuroprotection</a> <a href="/wiki/IC50" title="IC50">IC<sub>50</sub></a> = 10 nM<sup id="cite_ref-pmid11306611_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid11306611-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microglia" title="Microglia">Microglia</a> full inhibition = 20 nM<sup id="cite_ref-pmid11306611_81-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid11306611-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Suppression of the <a href="/wiki/Laboratory_mouse" title="Laboratory mouse">mouse</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Locomotor_activity" class="mw-redirect" title="Locomotor activity">locomotor activity</a> = 0.5 mg/kg<sup id="cite_ref-minomycin-if_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-minomycin-if-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Drugs.com_pregnancy-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Drugs.com_pregnancy_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/minocycline.html">"Minocycline Use During Pregnancy"</a>. <i>Drugs.com</i>. 4 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Drugs.com&rft.atitle=Minocycline+Use+During+Pregnancy&rft.date=2018-12-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.drugs.com%2Fpregnancy%2Fminocycline.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Minocin_FDA_label-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Minocin_FDA_label_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Minocin_FDA_label_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=e415c323-8219-464b-9e3e-72c5a796cdaa">"Minocin- minocycline hydrochloride injection"</a>. <i>DailyMed</i>. 28 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DailyMed&rft.atitle=Minocin-+minocycline+hydrochloride+injection&rft.date=2021-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdailymed.nlm.nih.gov%2Fdailymed%2FdrugInfo.cfm%3Fsetid%3De415c323-8219-464b-9e3e-72c5a796cdaa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Amzeeq_FDA_label-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Amzeeq_FDA_label_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Amzeeq_FDA_label_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Amzeeq_FDA_label_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Amzeeq_FDA_label_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Amzeeq_FDA_label_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=cc251492-977b-4eb1-a088-a90831324bad">"Amzeeq- minocycline aerosol, foam"</a>. <i>DailyMed</i>. 25 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DailyMed&rft.atitle=Amzeeq-+minocycline+aerosol%2C+foam&rft.date=2023-01-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdailymed.nlm.nih.gov%2Fdailymed%2FdrugInfo.cfm%3Fsetid%3Dcc251492-977b-4eb1-a088-a90831324bad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AHFS2019-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AHFS2019_4-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugs.com/monograph/minocycline-hydrochloride.html">"Minocycline Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals"</a>. <i>Drugs.com</i>. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Drugs.com&rft.atitle=Minocycline+Hydrochloride+Monograph+for+Professionals&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.drugs.com%2Fmonograph%2Fminocycline-hydrochloride.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Arzneistoff-Profile-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arzneistoff-Profile_5-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDinnendahlFricke2010" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dinnendahl V, Fricke U, eds. (2010). "Minocyclin". <i>Arzneistoff-Profile</i> (in German). Vol. 7 (24 ed.). Eschborn, Germany: Govi Pharmazeutischer Verlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-7741-9846-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-7741-9846-3"><bdi>978-3-7741-9846-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Minocyclin&rft.btitle=Arzneistoff-Profile&rft.place=Eschborn%2C+Germany&rft.edition=24&rft.pub=Govi+Pharmazeutischer+Verlag&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-3-7741-9846-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB01017">"Minocycline"</a>. <i>go.drugbank.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=go.drugbank.com&rft.atitle=Minocycline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgo.drugbank.com%2Fdrugs%2FDB01017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BNF76-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BNF76_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BNF76_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BNF76_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BNF76_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BNF76_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>British national formulary : BNF 76</i> (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 556. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780857113382" title="Special:BookSources/9780857113382"><bdi>9780857113382</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+national+formulary+%3A+BNF+76&rft.pages=556&rft.edition=76&rft.pub=Pharmaceutical+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9780857113382&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Preg2019-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Preg2019_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/minocycline.html">"Minocycline Use During Pregnancy"</a>. <i>Drugs.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Drugs.com&rft.atitle=Minocycline+Use+During+Pregnancy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.drugs.com%2Fpregnancy%2Fminocycline.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FischerGanellin2006-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FischerGanellin2006_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FischerGanellin2006_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFischerGanellin2006" class="citation book cs1">Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA489"><i>Analogue-based Drug Discovery</i></a>. John Wiley & Sons. p. 489. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783527607495" title="Special:BookSources/9783527607495"><bdi>9783527607495</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Analogue-based+Drug+Discovery&rft.pages=489&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9783527607495&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.au=Ganellin%2C+CR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFjKfqkaKkAAC%26pg%3DPA489&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-and-biologic-approval-and-ind-activity-reports/first-generic-drug-approvals">"First Generic Drug Approvals"</a>. <i>U.S. Food and Drug Administration</i>. 17 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Food+and+Drug+Administration&rft.atitle=First+Generic+Drug+Approvals&rft.date=2022-10-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fda.gov%2Fdrugs%2Fdrug-and-biologic-approval-and-ind-activity-reports%2Ffirst-generic-drug-approvals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx">"The Top 300 of 2022"</a>. <i>ClinCalc</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240830202410/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 30 August 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ClinCalc&rft.atitle=The+Top+300+of+2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fclincalc.com%2FDrugStats%2FTop300Drugs.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Minocycline">"Minocycline Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2022"</a>. <i>ClinCalc</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ClinCalc&rft.atitle=Minocycline+Drug+Usage+Statistics%2C+United+States%2C+2013+-+2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fclincalc.com%2FDrugStats%2FDrugs%2FMinocycline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid38300170-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid38300170_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReynoldsYeungChengCook-Bolden2024" class="citation journal cs1">Reynolds RV, Yeung H, Cheng CE, Cook-Bolden F, Desai SR, Druby KM, et al. (May 2024). "Guidelines of care for the management of acne vulgaris". <i>J Am Acad Dermatol</i>. <b>90</b> (5): 1006.e1–1006.e30. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaad.2023.12.017">10.1016/j.jaad.2023.12.017</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38300170">38300170</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J+Am+Acad+Dermatol&rft.atitle=Guidelines+of+care+for+the+management+of+acne+vulgaris&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=1006.e1-1006.e30&rft.date=2024-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jaad.2023.12.017&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F38300170&rft.aulast=Reynolds&rft.aufirst=RV&rft.au=Yeung%2C+H&rft.au=Cheng%2C+CE&rft.au=Cook-Bolden%2C+F&rft.au=Desai%2C+SR&rft.au=Druby%2C+KM&rft.au=Freeman%2C+EE&rft.au=Keri%2C+JE&rft.au=Stein+Gold%2C+LF&rft.au=Tan%2C+JK&rft.au=Tollefson%2C+MM&rft.au=Weiss%2C+JS&rft.au=Wu%2C+PA&rft.au=Zaenglein%2C+AL&rft.au=Han%2C+JM&rft.au=Barbieri%2C+JS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStraussKrowchukLeydenLucky2007" class="citation journal cs1">Strauss JS, Krowchuk DP, Leyden JJ, Lucky AW, Shalita AR, Siegfried EC, et al. (April 2007). "Guidelines of care for acne vulgaris management". <i>Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology</i>. <b>56</b> (4): 651–663. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaad.2006.08.048">10.1016/j.jaad.2006.08.048</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17276540">17276540</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Academy+of+Dermatology&rft.atitle=Guidelines+of+care+for+acne+vulgaris+management&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=651-663&rft.date=2007-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jaad.2006.08.048&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17276540&rft.aulast=Strauss&rft.aufirst=JS&rft.au=Krowchuk%2C+DP&rft.au=Leyden%2C+JJ&rft.au=Lucky%2C+AW&rft.au=Shalita%2C+AR&rft.au=Siegfried%2C+EC&rft.au=Thiboutot%2C+DM&rft.au=Van+Voorhees%2C+AS&rft.au=Beutner%2C+KA&rft.au=Sieck%2C+CK&rft.au=Bhushan%2C+R&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: overridden setting (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_overridden_setting" title="Category:CS1 maint: overridden setting">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120807133359/http://scienceofacne.com:80/doxycycline-and-minocycline">"Minocycline, Doxycycline and Acne Vulgaris"</a>. ScienceOfAcne.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scienceofacne.com/doxycycline-and-minocycline/">the original</a> on 7 August 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Minocycline%2C+Doxycycline+and+Acne+Vulgaris&rft.pub=ScienceOfAcne.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscienceofacne.com%2Fdoxycycline-and-minocycline%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid21061764-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid21061764_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKircik2010" class="citation journal cs1">Kircik LH (November 2010). "Doxycycline and minocycline for the management of acne: a review of efficacy and safety with emphasis on clinical implications". <i>Journal of Drugs in Dermatology</i>. <b>9</b> (11): 1407–1411. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21061764">21061764</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Drugs+in+Dermatology&rft.atitle=Doxycycline+and+minocycline+for+the+management+of+acne%3A+a+review+of+efficacy+and+safety+with+emphasis+on+clinical+implications&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=1407-1411&rft.date=2010-11&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21061764&rft.aulast=Kircik&rft.aufirst=LH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHubbellHobbsRistWhite1982" class="citation journal cs1">Hubbell CG, Hobbs ER, Rist T, White JW (December 1982). "Efficacy of minocycline compared with tetracycline in treatment of acne vulgaris". <i>Archives of Dermatology</i>. <b>118</b> (12): 989–992. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1001%2Farchderm.1982.01650240033017">10.1001/archderm.1982.01650240033017</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6216858">6216858</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Dermatology&rft.atitle=Efficacy+of+minocycline+compared+with+tetracycline+in+treatment+of+acne+vulgaris&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=989-992&rft.date=1982-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1001%2Farchderm.1982.01650240033017&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F6216858&rft.aulast=Hubbell&rft.aufirst=CG&rft.au=Hobbs%2C+ER&rft.au=Rist%2C+T&rft.au=White%2C+JW&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEadyGloorLeyden2003" class="citation journal cs1">Eady EA, Gloor M, Leyden JJ (2003). "Propionibacterium acnes resistance: a worldwide problem". <i>Dermatology</i>. <b>206</b> (1): 54–56. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1159%2F000067822">10.1159/000067822</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12566805">12566805</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:6111436">6111436</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dermatology&rft.atitle=Propionibacterium+acnes+resistance%3A+a+worldwide+problem&rft.volume=206&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=54-56&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A6111436%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12566805&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1159%2F000067822&rft.aulast=Eady&rft.aufirst=EA&rft.au=Gloor%2C+M&rft.au=Leyden%2C+JJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRossSnellingCarnegieCoates2003" class="citation journal cs1">Ross JI, Snelling AM, Carnegie E, Coates P, Cunliffe WJ, Bettoli V, et al. (March 2003). "Antibiotic-resistant acne: lessons from Europe". <i>The British Journal of Dermatology</i>. <b>148</b> (3): 467–478. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/0706.4406">0706.4406</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2133.2003.05067.x">10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05067.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10454%2F3069">10454/3069</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12653738">12653738</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:20838517">20838517</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+British+Journal+of+Dermatology&rft.atitle=Antibiotic-resistant+acne%3A+lessons+from+Europe&rft.volume=148&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=467-478&rft.date=2003-03&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10454%2F3069&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A20838517%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1046%2Fj.1365-2133.2003.05067.x&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F0706.4406&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12653738&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=JI&rft.au=Snelling%2C+AM&rft.au=Carnegie%2C+E&rft.au=Coates%2C+P&rft.au=Cunliffe%2C+WJ&rft.au=Bettoli%2C+V&rft.au=Tosti%2C+G&rft.au=Katsambas%2C+A&rft.au=Galvan+Per%C3%A9z+Del+Pulgar%2C+JI&rft.au=Rollman%2C+O&rft.au=T%C3%B6r%C3%B6k%2C+L&rft.au=Eady%2C+EA&rft.au=Cove%2C+JH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: overridden setting (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_overridden_setting" title="Category:CS1 maint: overridden setting">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid17088156-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid17088156_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRogersPerkins2006" class="citation journal cs1">Rogers RL, Perkins J (September 2006). "Skin and soft tissue infections". <i>Primary Care</i>. <b>33</b> (3): 697–710. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.pop.2006.06.005">10.1016/j.pop.2006.06.005</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17088156">17088156</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Primary+Care&rft.atitle=Skin+and+soft+tissue+infections&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=697-710&rft.date=2006-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.pop.2006.06.005&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17088156&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=RL&rft.au=Perkins%2C+J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid15782277-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid15782277_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFraserGafter-GviliPaulLeibovici2005" class="citation journal cs1">Fraser A, Gafter-Gvili A, Paul M, Leibovici L (March 2005). "Prophylactic use of antibiotics for prevention of meningococcal infections: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials". <i>European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases</i>. <b>24</b> (3): 172–181. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10096-005-1297-7">10.1007/s10096-005-1297-7</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15782277">15782277</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:1259483">1259483</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology+%26+Infectious+Diseases&rft.atitle=Prophylactic+use+of+antibiotics+for+prevention+of+meningococcal+infections%3A+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis+of+randomised+trials&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=172-181&rft.date=2005-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A1259483%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15782277&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs10096-005-1297-7&rft.aulast=Fraser&rft.aufirst=A&rft.au=Gafter-Gvili%2C+A&rft.au=Paul%2C+M&rft.au=Leibovici%2C+L&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid19665876-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid19665876_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBishburgBishburg2009" class="citation journal cs1">Bishburg E, Bishburg K (November 2009). "Minocycline--an old drug for a new century: emphasis on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Acinetobacter baumannii". <i>International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents</i>. <b>34</b> (5): 395–401. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ijantimicag.2009.06.021">10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2009.06.021</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19665876">19665876</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Antimicrobial+Agents&rft.atitle=Minocycline--an+old+drug+for+a+new+century%3A+emphasis+on+methicillin-resistant+Staphylococcus+aureus+%28MRSA%29+and+Acinetobacter+baumannii&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=395-401&rft.date=2009-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.ijantimicag.2009.06.021&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19665876&rft.aulast=Bishburg&rft.aufirst=E&rft.au=Bishburg%2C+K&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCopelandBrooks2010" class="citation journal cs1">Copeland KF, Brooks JI (April 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F651278">"A novel use for an old drug: the potential for minocycline as anti-HIV adjuvant therapy"</a>. <i>The Journal of Infectious Diseases</i>. <b>201</b> (8): 1115–1117. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F651278">10.1086/651278</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20205572">20205572</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Infectious+Diseases&rft.atitle=A+novel+use+for+an+old+drug%3A+the+potential+for+minocycline+as+anti-HIV+adjuvant+therapy&rft.volume=201&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=1115-1117&rft.date=2010-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F651278&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20205572&rft.aulast=Copeland&rft.aufirst=KF&rft.au=Brooks%2C+JI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1086%252F651278&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMungrooKhanSiddiqui2020" class="citation journal cs1">Mungroo MR, Khan NA, Siddiqui R (December 2020). "Mycobacterium leprae: Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment options". <i>Microbial Pathogenesis</i>. <b>149</b>: 104475. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.micpath.2020.104475">10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104475</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32931893">32931893</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:221748544">221748544</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Pathogenesis&rft.atitle=Mycobacterium+leprae%3A+Pathogenesis%2C+diagnosis%2C+and+treatment+options&rft.volume=149&rft.pages=104475&rft.date=2020-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A221748544%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F32931893&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.micpath.2020.104475&rft.aulast=Mungroo&rft.aufirst=MR&rft.au=Khan%2C+NA&rft.au=Siddiqui%2C+R&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">U.S. National Library of Medicine (11 December 2009) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001455.htm">'Perioral dermatitis'</a>. Retrieved 7 August 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid21501686-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid21501686_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoksDurkin2011" class="citation journal cs1">Joks R, Durkin HG (December 2011). "Non-antibiotic properties of tetracyclines as anti-allergy and asthma drugs". <i>Pharmacological Research</i>. <b>64</b> (6): 602–609. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.phrs.2011.04.001">10.1016/j.phrs.2011.04.001</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21501686">21501686</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacological+Research&rft.atitle=Non-antibiotic+properties+of+tetracyclines+as+anti-allergy+and+asthma+drugs&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=602-609&rft.date=2011-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.phrs.2011.04.001&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21501686&rft.aulast=Joks&rft.aufirst=R&rft.au=Durkin%2C+HG&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid21723947-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid21723947_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreenwald2011" class="citation journal cs1">Greenwald RA (December 2011). "The road forward: the scientific basis for tetracycline treatment of arthritic disorders". <i>Pharmacological Research</i>. <b>64</b> (6): 610–613. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.phrs.2011.06.010">10.1016/j.phrs.2011.06.010</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21723947">21723947</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacological+Research&rft.atitle=The+road+forward%3A+the+scientific+basis+for+tetracycline+treatment+of+arthritic+disorders&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=610-613&rft.date=2011-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.phrs.2011.06.010&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21723947&rft.aulast=Greenwald&rft.aufirst=RA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rheumatology.org/Practice-Quality/Clinical-Support/Clinical-Practice-Guidelines/Rheumatoid-Arthritis">"Clinical Practice Guidelines: Rheumatoid Arthritis"</a>. American College of Rheumatology<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Clinical+Practice+Guidelines%3A+Rheumatoid+Arthritis&rft.pub=American+College+of+Rheumatology&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rheumatology.org%2FPractice-Quality%2FClinical-Support%2FClinical-Practice-Guidelines%2FRheumatoid-Arthritis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharmaOliveiraKimRigatto2018" class="citation journal cs1">Sharma RK, Oliveira AC, Kim S, Rigatto K, Zubcevic J, Rathinasabapathy A, et al. (June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5945302">"Involvement of Neuroinflammation in the Pathogenesis of Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension"</a>. <i>Hypertension</i>. <b>71</b> (6): 1156–1163. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1161%2FHYPERTENSIONAHA.118.10934">10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.10934</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5945302">5945302</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29712738">29712738</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hypertension&rft.atitle=Involvement+of+Neuroinflammation+in+the+Pathogenesis+of+Monocrotaline-Induced+Pulmonary+Hypertension&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=1156-1163&rft.date=2018-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5945302%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29712738&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1161%2FHYPERTENSIONAHA.118.10934&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=RK&rft.au=Oliveira%2C+AC&rft.au=Kim%2C+S&rft.au=Rigatto%2C+K&rft.au=Zubcevic%2C+J&rft.au=Rathinasabapathy%2C+A&rft.au=Kumar%2C+A&rft.au=Lebowitz%2C+JJ&rft.au=Khoshbouei%2C+H&rft.au=Lobaton%2C+G&rft.au=Aquino%2C+V&rft.au=Richards%2C+EM&rft.au=Katovich%2C+MJ&rft.au=Shenoy%2C+V&rft.au=Raizada%2C+MK&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5945302&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: overridden setting (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_overridden_setting" title="Category:CS1 maint: overridden setting">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid6661620-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid6661620_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNonakaNakazawaKotorii1983" class="citation journal cs1">Nonaka K, Nakazawa Y, Kotorii T (December 1983). "Effects of antibiotics, minocycline and ampicillin, on human sleep". <i>Brain Research</i>. <b>288</b> (1–2): 253–259. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0006-8993%2883%2990101-4">10.1016/0006-8993(83)90101-4</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6661620">6661620</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:22726747">22726747</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+Research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+antibiotics%2C+minocycline+and+ampicillin%2C+on+human+sleep&rft.volume=288&rft.issue=1%E2%80%932&rft.pages=253-259&rft.date=1983-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A22726747%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F6661620&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0006-8993%2883%2990101-4&rft.aulast=Nonaka&rft.aufirst=K&rft.au=Nakazawa%2C+Y&rft.au=Kotorii%2C+T&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a682101.html">"MedlinePlus Drug Information: Minocycline Oral"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=MedlinePlus+Drug+Information%3A+Minocycline+Oral&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nlm.nih.gov%2Fmedlineplus%2Fdruginfo%2Fmeds%2Fa682101.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid19595269-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid19595269_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeriaTajirianKihiczakSchwartz2009" class="citation journal cs1">Geria AN, Tajirian AL, Kihiczak G, Schwartz RA (2009). "Minocycline-induced skin pigmentation: an update". <i>Acta Dermatovenerologica Croatica</i>. <b>17</b> (2): 123–126. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19595269">19595269</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Dermatovenerologica+Croatica&rft.atitle=Minocycline-induced+skin+pigmentation%3A+an+update&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=123-126&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19595269&rft.aulast=Geria&rft.aufirst=AN&rft.au=Tajirian%2C+AL&rft.au=Kihiczak%2C+G&rft.au=Schwartz%2C+RA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MedNet-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MedNet_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MedNet_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.medicinenet.com/minocycline-oral/article.htm">"minocycline (Dynacin): Antibiotic Side Effects & Dosage"</a>. <i>MedicineNet</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MedicineNet&rft.atitle=minocycline+%28Dynacin%29%3A+Antibiotic+Side+Effects+%26+Dosage&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicinenet.com%2Fminocycline-oral%2Farticle.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid14746427-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid14746427_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCohen2004" class="citation journal cs1">Cohen PR (January 2004). "Medication-associated depersonalization symptoms: report of transient depersonalization symptoms induced by minocycline". <i>Southern Medical Journal</i>. <b>97</b> (1): 70–73. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1097%2F01.SMJ.0000083857.98870.98">10.1097/01.SMJ.0000083857.98870.98</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14746427">14746427</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:27125601">27125601</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southern+Medical+Journal&rft.atitle=Medication-associated+depersonalization+symptoms%3A+report+of+transient+depersonalization+symptoms+induced+by+minocycline&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=70-73&rft.date=2004-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A27125601%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F14746427&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1097%2F01.SMJ.0000083857.98870.98&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=PR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid18200008-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid18200008_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMongeyHess2008" class="citation journal cs1">Mongey AB, Hess EV (March 2008). "Drug insight: autoimmune effects of medications-what's new?". <i>Nature Clinical Practice. Rheumatology</i>. <b>4</b> (3): 136–144. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fncprheum0708">10.1038/ncprheum0708</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18200008">18200008</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:205340777">205340777</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Clinical+Practice.+Rheumatology&rft.atitle=Drug+insight%3A+autoimmune+effects+of+medications-what%27s+new%3F&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=136-144&rft.date=2008-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A205340777%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18200008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fncprheum0708&rft.aulast=Mongey&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.au=Hess%2C+EV&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid20642295-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pmid20642295_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid20642295_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOchsendorf2010" class="citation journal cs1">Ochsendorf F (2010). "Minocycline in acne vulgaris: benefits and risks". <i>American Journal of Clinical Dermatology</i>. <b>11</b> (5): 327–341. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2165%2F11319280-000000000-00000">10.2165/11319280-000000000-00000</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20642295">20642295</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:24501240">24501240</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Clinical+Dermatology&rft.atitle=Minocycline+in+acne+vulgaris%3A+benefits+and+risks&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=327-341&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A24501240%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20642295&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2165%2F11319280-000000000-00000&rft.aulast=Ochsendorf&rft.aufirst=F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSweetGibbs2001" class="citation book cs1">Sweet RL, Gibbs RS (2001). <i>Infectious Diseases of the Female Genital Tract</i> (4th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 635.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Infectious+Diseases+of+the+Female+Genital+Tract&rft.pages=635&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=Lippincott+Williams+%26+Wilkins&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Sweet&rft.aufirst=RL&rft.au=Gibbs%2C+RS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bauman_2010_pp.435–436-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bauman_2010_pp.435–436_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBauman2010" class="citation book cs1">Bauman N (2010). <i>Ototoxic Drugs Exposed</i> (3 ed.). Integrity First Publications. pp. 435–436. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-935939-00-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-935939-00-9"><bdi>978-1-935939-00-9</bdi></a>. <q>You can develop symptoms of ototoxicity after only one or two doses. These symptoms normally disappear a day or two after you stop taking this drug.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ototoxic+Drugs+Exposed&rft.pages=435-436&rft.edition=3&rft.pub=Integrity+First+Publications&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-935939-00-9&rft.aulast=Bauman&rft.aufirst=Neil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Drugs.com_2023-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Drugs.com_2023_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240116091026/https://www.drugs.com/sfx/minocycline-side-effects.html">"Minocycline Side Effects: Common, Severe, Long Term"</a>. <i>Drugs.com</i>. 27 December 2023. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugs.com/sfx/minocycline-side-effects.html">the original</a> on 16 January 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2024</span>. <q>Headache, dizziness, vertigo, and ataxia have been reported. These side effects were reversible within 3 to 48 hours of stopping therapy and occurred less often with low doses.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Drugs.com&rft.atitle=Minocycline+Side+Effects%3A+Common%2C+Severe%2C+Long+Term&rft.date=2023-12-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.drugs.com%2Fsfx%2Fminocycline-side-effects.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid4143012-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid4143012_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliamsLaughlinLee1974" class="citation journal cs1">Williams DN, Laughlin LW, Lee YH (September 1974). "Minocycline: Possible vestibular side-effects". <i>Lancet</i>. <b>2</b> (7883): 744–6. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fs0140-6736%2874%2990941-6">10.1016/s0140-6736(74)90941-6</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4143012">4143012</a>. <q>17 (89%) of 19 persons taking minocycline for the treatment of bacteriuria or for prophylaxis of meningococcal disease developed nausea, vomiting, weakness, ataxia, vertigo, or dizziness, 24-48 hours after the initiation of therapy. These symptoms usually occurred in combination, were often acute and severe, and disappeared shortly after therapy was discontinued.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lancet&rft.atitle=Minocycline%3A+Possible+vestibular+side-effects&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=7883&rft.pages=744-6&rft.date=1974-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fs0140-6736%2874%2990941-6&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F4143012&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=DN&rft.au=Laughlin%2C+LW&rft.au=Lee%2C+YH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid1081373-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid1081373_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJacobsonDaniel1975" class="citation journal cs1">Jacobson JA, Daniel B (October 1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC429369">"Vestibular reactions associated with minocycline"</a>. <i>Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy</i>. <b>8</b> (4): 453–6. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1128%2FAAC.8.4.453">10.1128/AAC.8.4.453</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC429369">429369</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1081373">1081373</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antimicrobial+Agents+and+Chemotherapy&rft.atitle=Vestibular+reactions+associated+with+minocycline&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=453-6&rft.date=1975-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC429369%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F1081373&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1128%2FAAC.8.4.453&rft.aulast=Jacobson&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.au=Daniel%2C+B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC429369&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid15675888-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid15675888_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriedman2005" class="citation journal cs1">Friedman DI (2005). "Medication-induced intracranial hypertension in dermatology". <i>American Journal of Clinical Dermatology</i>. <b>6</b> (1): 29–37. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2165%2F00128071-200506010-00004">10.2165/00128071-200506010-00004</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15675888">15675888</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:28395784">28395784</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Clinical+Dermatology&rft.atitle=Medication-induced+intracranial+hypertension+in+dermatology&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=29-37&rft.date=2005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A28395784%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15675888&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2165%2F00128071-200506010-00004&rft.aulast=Friedman&rft.aufirst=DI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMechrguiKanani2022" class="citation journal cs1">Mechrgui M, Kanani S (August 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9420653">"The Ophthalmic Side Effects of Topiramate: A Review"</a>. <i>Cureus</i>. <b>14</b> (8): e28513. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7759%2Fcureus.28513">10.7759/cureus.28513</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9420653">9420653</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36059357">36059357</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cureus&rft.atitle=The+Ophthalmic+Side+Effects+of+Topiramate%3A+A+Review&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=e28513&rft.date=2022-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9420653%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F36059357&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7759%2Fcureus.28513&rft.aulast=Mechrgui&rft.aufirst=M&rft.au=Kanani%2C+S&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9420653&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Note1-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Note1_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoughChapmanWagstaffEmery1996" class="citation journal cs1">Gough A, Chapman S, Wagstaff K, Emery P, Elias E (January 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2349841">"Minocycline induced autoimmune hepatitis and systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndrome"</a>. <i>BMJ</i>. <b>312</b> (7024): 169–172. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.312.7024.169">10.1136/bmj.312.7024.169</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2349841">2349841</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8563540">8563540</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMJ&rft.atitle=Minocycline+induced+autoimmune+hepatitis+and+systemic+lupus+erythematosus-like+syndrome&rft.volume=312&rft.issue=7024&rft.pages=169-172&rft.date=1996-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2349841%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F8563540&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1136%2Fbmj.312.7024.169&rft.aulast=Gough&rft.aufirst=A&rft.au=Chapman%2C+S&rft.au=Wagstaff%2C+K&rft.au=Emery%2C+P&rft.au=Elias%2C+E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2349841&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid16394302-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid16394302_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrawitt2006" class="citation journal cs1">Krawitt EL (January 2006). "Autoimmune hepatitis". <i>The New England Journal of Medicine</i>. <b>354</b> (1): 54–66. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1056%2FNEJMra050408">10.1056/NEJMra050408</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16394302">16394302</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:5361674">5361674</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+England+Journal+of+Medicine&rft.atitle=Autoimmune+hepatitis&rft.volume=354&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=54-66&rft.date=2006-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A5361674%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16394302&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1056%2FNEJMra050408&rft.aulast=Krawitt&rft.aufirst=EL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Friedman_2005_pp._29–37-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Friedman_2005_pp._29–37_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriedman2005" class="citation journal cs1">Friedman DI (2005). "Medication-induced intracranial hypertension in dermatology". <i>American Journal of Clinical Dermatology</i>. <b>6</b> (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 29–37. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2165%2F00128071-200506010-00004">10.2165/00128071-200506010-00004</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15675888">15675888</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:28395784">28395784</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Clinical+Dermatology&rft.atitle=Medication-induced+intracranial+hypertension+in+dermatology&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=29-37&rft.date=2005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A28395784%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15675888&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2165%2F00128071-200506010-00004&rft.aulast=Friedman&rft.aufirst=DI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLefebvreForestierFarhiMahsa2007" class="citation journal cs1">Lefebvre N, Forestier E, Farhi D, Mahsa MZ, Remy V, Lesens O, et al. (May 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1884162">"Minocycline-induced hypersensitivity syndrome presenting with meningitis and brain edema: a case report"</a>. <i>Journal of Medical Case Reports</i>. <b>1</b>: 22. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186%2F1752-1947-1-22">10.1186/1752-1947-1-22</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1884162">1884162</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17511865">17511865</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Medical+Case+Reports&rft.atitle=Minocycline-induced+hypersensitivity+syndrome+presenting+with+meningitis+and+brain+edema%3A+a+case+report&rft.volume=1&rft.pages=22&rft.date=2007-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1884162%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17511865&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2F1752-1947-1-22&rft.aulast=Lefebvre&rft.aufirst=N&rft.au=Forestier%2C+E&rft.au=Farhi%2C+D&rft.au=Mahsa%2C+MZ&rft.au=Remy%2C+V&rft.au=Lesens%2C+O&rft.au=Christmann%2C+D&rft.au=Hansmann%2C+Y&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1884162&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: overridden setting (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_overridden_setting" title="Category:CS1 maint: overridden setting">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Principles and methods for the assessment of nephrotoxicity associated with exposure to chemicals". Environmental health criteria: 119. World Health Organization (WHO). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/92-4-157119-5" title="Special:BookSources/92-4-157119-5">92-4-157119-5</a>. ISSN 0250-863X. 1991</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPiscitelliRodvold2005" class="citation book cs1">Piscitelli SC, Rodvold K (2005). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/druginteractions0000unse_u2m5"><i>Drug Interactions in Infectious Diseases</i></a></span>. Humana Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58829-455-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58829-455-5"><bdi>978-1-58829-455-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Drug+Interactions+in+Infectious+Diseases&rft.pub=Humana+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-58829-455-5&rft.aulast=Piscitelli&rft.aufirst=SC&rft.au=Rodvold%2C+K&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdruginteractions0000unse_u2m5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Drugs.com <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugs.com/disease-interactions/minocycline.html#Esophageal_Irritation">'Minocycline Disease Interactions'</a>. Retrieved 12 February 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCouzin2007" class="citation journal cs1">Couzin J (November 2007). "Clinical research. ALS trial raises questions about promising drug". <i>Science</i>. <b>318</b> (5854): 1227. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.318.5854.1227a">10.1126/science.318.5854.1227a</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18033854">18033854</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:72187805">72187805</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Clinical+research.+ALS+trial+raises+questions+about+promising+drug&rft.volume=318&rft.issue=5854&rft.pages=1227&rft.date=2007-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A72187805%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18033854&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.318.5854.1227a&rft.aulast=Couzin&rft.aufirst=J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThompsonRainerAntonescuFlorea2020" class="citation journal cs1">Thompson KG, Rainer BM, Antonescu C, Florea L, Mongodin EF, Kang S, et al. (February 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7992645">"Minocycline and Its Impact on Microbial Dysbiosis in the Skin and Gastrointestinal Tract of Acne Patients"</a>. <i>Annals of Dermatology</i>. <b>32</b> (1): 21–30. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5021%2Fad.2020.32.1.21">10.5021/ad.2020.32.1.21</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7992645">7992645</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33911705">33911705</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Dermatology&rft.atitle=Minocycline+and+Its+Impact+on+Microbial+Dysbiosis+in+the+Skin+and+Gastrointestinal+Tract+of+Acne+Patients&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=21-30&rft.date=2020-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7992645%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F33911705&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5021%2Fad.2020.32.1.21&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=KG&rft.au=Rainer%2C+BM&rft.au=Antonescu%2C+C&rft.au=Florea%2C+L&rft.au=Mongodin%2C+EF&rft.au=Kang%2C+S&rft.au=Chien%2C+AL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7992645&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mediQ-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mediQ_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mediq.ch/">"Minocycline"</a>. mediQ<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Minocycline&rft.pub=mediQ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediq.ch%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AC-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AC_54-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AC_54-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AC_54-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaberfeld2020" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Haberfeld H, ed. (2020). <i>Austria-Codex</i> (in German). Vienna: Österreichischer Apothekerverlag. Minostad 50 mg-Kapseln.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Austria-Codex&rft.place=Vienna&rft.pages=Minostad+50+mg-Kapseln&rft.pub=%C3%96sterreichischer+Apothekerverlag&rft.date=2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100109103746/http://www.arestin.com/for-professionals-easy-administer.jsp">"How ARESTIN is supplied and dosed"</a>. <a href="/wiki/OraPharma" class="mw-redirect" title="OraPharma">OraPharma, Inc.</a> Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arestin.com/for-professionals-easy-administer.jsp">the original</a> on 9 January 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+ARESTIN+is+supplied+and+dosed&rft.pub=OraPharma%2C+Inc.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arestin.com%2Ffor-professionals-easy-administer.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeanData-FrancoGiorlandoBerk2012" class="citation journal cs1">Dean OM, Data-Franco J, Giorlando F, Berk M (May 2012). "Minocycline: therapeutic potential in psychiatry". <i>CNS Drugs</i>. <b>26</b> (5): 391–401. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2165%2F11632000-000000000-00000">10.2165/11632000-000000000-00000</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22486246">22486246</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNS+Drugs&rft.atitle=Minocycline%3A+therapeutic+potential+in+psychiatry&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=391-401&rft.date=2012-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2165%2F11632000-000000000-00000&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22486246&rft.aulast=Dean&rft.aufirst=OM&rft.au=Data-Franco%2C+J&rft.au=Giorlando%2C+F&rft.au=Berk%2C+M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArehart-Treichel2012" class="citation journal cs1">Arehart-Treichel J (17 August 2012). "Will Antibiotic Fulfill Its Psychosis-Fighting Promise?". <i>Psychiatric News</i>. <b>47</b> (16): 10. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1176%2Fpn.47.16.psychnews_47_16_10-a">10.1176/pn.47.16.psychnews_47_16_10-a</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychiatric+News&rft.atitle=Will+Antibiotic+Fulfill+Its+Psychosis-Fighting+Promise%3F&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=16&rft.pages=10&rft.date=2012-08-17&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1176%2Fpn.47.16.psychnews_47_16_10-a&rft.aulast=Arehart-Treichel&rft.aufirst=J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOyaKishiIwata2014" class="citation journal cs1">Oya K, Kishi T, Iwata N (September 2014). "Efficacy and tolerability of minocycline augmentation therapy in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials". <i>Human Psychopharmacology</i>. <b>29</b> (5): 483–491. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fhup.2426">10.1002/hup.2426</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25087702">25087702</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:3564390">3564390</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Psychopharmacology&rft.atitle=Efficacy+and+tolerability+of+minocycline+augmentation+therapy+in+schizophrenia%3A+a+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis+of+randomized+controlled+trials&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=483-491&rft.date=2014-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A3564390%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F25087702&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fhup.2426&rft.aulast=Oya&rft.aufirst=K&rft.au=Kishi%2C+T&rft.au=Iwata%2C+N&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nih.gov/news/pr/feb2006/ninds-23.htm">"Preliminary Study Shows Creatine and Minocycline May Warrant Further Study In Parkinson's Disease"</a> (Press release). National Institute of Health. 23 February 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Preliminary+Study+Shows+Creatine+and+Minocycline+May+Warrant+Further+Study+In+Parkinson%27s+Disease&rft.pub=National+Institute+of+Health&rft.date=2006-02-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nih.gov%2Fnews%2Fpr%2Ffeb2006%2Fninds-23.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Note2-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Note2_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChenOnaLiFerrante2000" class="citation journal cs1">Chen M, Ona VO, Li M, Ferrante RJ, Fink KB, Zhu S, et al. (July 2000). "Minocycline inhibits caspase-1 and caspase-3 expression and delays mortality in a transgenic mouse model of Huntington disease". <i>Nature Medicine</i>. <b>6</b> (7): 797–801. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F77528">10.1038/77528</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10888929">10888929</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:22681391">22681391</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Medicine&rft.atitle=Minocycline+inhibits+caspase-1+and+caspase-3+expression+and+delays+mortality+in+a+transgenic+mouse+model+of+Huntington+disease&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=797-801&rft.date=2000-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A22681391%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10888929&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F77528&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=M&rft.au=Ona%2C+VO&rft.au=Li%2C+M&rft.au=Ferrante%2C+RJ&rft.au=Fink%2C+KB&rft.au=Zhu%2C+S&rft.au=Bian%2C+J&rft.au=Guo%2C+L&rft.au=Farrell%2C+LA&rft.au=Hersch%2C+SM&rft.au=Hobbs%2C+W&rft.au=Vonsattel%2C+JP&rft.au=Cha%2C+JH&rft.au=Friedlander%2C+RM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: overridden setting (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_overridden_setting" title="Category:CS1 maint: overridden setting">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Note3-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Note3_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTikkaKoistinaho2001" class="citation journal cs1">Tikka TM, Koistinaho JE (June 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4049%2Fjimmunol.166.12.7527">"Minocycline provides neuroprotection against N-methyl-D-aspartate neurotoxicity by inhibiting microglia"</a>. <i>Journal of Immunology</i>. <b>166</b> (12): 7527–7533. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4049%2Fjimmunol.166.12.7527">10.4049/jimmunol.166.12.7527</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11390507">11390507</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.atitle=Minocycline+provides+neuroprotection+against+N-methyl-D-aspartate+neurotoxicity+by+inhibiting+microglia&rft.volume=166&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=7527-7533&rft.date=2001-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4049%2Fjimmunol.166.12.7527&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11390507&rft.aulast=Tikka&rft.aufirst=TM&rft.au=Koistinaho%2C+JE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.4049%252Fjimmunol.166.12.7527&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNirmalananthanGreensmith2005" class="citation journal cs1">Nirmalananthan N, Greensmith L (December 2005). "Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: recent advances and future therapies". <i>Current Opinion in Neurology</i>. <b>18</b> (6): 712–719. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1097%2F01.wco.0000187248.21103.c5">10.1097/01.wco.0000187248.21103.c5</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16280684">16280684</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:3255995">3255995</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Neurology&rft.atitle=Amyotrophic+lateral+sclerosis%3A+recent+advances+and+future+therapies&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=712-719&rft.date=2005-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A3255995%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16280684&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1097%2F01.wco.0000187248.21103.c5&rft.aulast=Nirmalananthan&rft.aufirst=N&rft.au=Greensmith%2C+L&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAminAtturThakkerPatel1996" class="citation journal cs1">Amin AR, Attur MG, Thakker GD, Patel PD, Vyas PR, Patel RN, et al. (November 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC19486">"A novel mechanism of action of tetracyclines: effects on nitric oxide synthases"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i>. <b>93</b> (24): 14014–14019. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996PNAS...9314014A">1996PNAS...9314014A</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.93.24.14014">10.1073/pnas.93.24.14014</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC19486">19486</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8943052">8943052</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=A+novel+mechanism+of+action+of+tetracyclines%3A+effects+on+nitric+oxide+synthases&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=24&rft.pages=14014-14019&rft.date=1996-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC19486%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F8943052&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.93.24.14014&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1996PNAS...9314014A&rft.aulast=Amin&rft.aufirst=AR&rft.au=Attur%2C+MG&rft.au=Thakker%2C+GD&rft.au=Patel%2C+PD&rft.au=Vyas%2C+PR&rft.au=Patel%2C+RN&rft.au=Patel%2C+IR&rft.au=Abramson%2C+SB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC19486&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: overridden setting (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_overridden_setting" title="Category:CS1 maint: overridden setting">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Howard-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Howard_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHowardZubkoBradleyHarper2020" class="citation journal cs1">Howard R, Zubko O, Bradley R, Harper E, Pank L, O'Brien J, et al. (February 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6865324">"Minocycline at 2 Different Dosages vs Placebo for Patients With Mild Alzheimer Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial"</a>. <i>JAMA Neurology</i>. <b>77</b> (2): 164–174. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1001%2Fjamaneurol.2019.3762">10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.3762</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6865324">6865324</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31738372">31738372</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JAMA+Neurology&rft.atitle=Minocycline+at+2+Different+Dosages+vs+Placebo+for+Patients+With+Mild+Alzheimer+Disease%3A+A+Randomized+Clinical+Trial&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=164-174&rft.date=2020-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6865324%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F31738372&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1001%2Fjamaneurol.2019.3762&rft.aulast=Howard&rft.aufirst=R&rft.au=Zubko%2C+O&rft.au=Bradley%2C+R&rft.au=Harper%2C+E&rft.au=Pank%2C+L&rft.au=O%27Brien%2C+J&rft.au=Fox%2C+C&rft.au=Tabet%2C+N&rft.au=Livingston%2C+G&rft.au=Bentham%2C+P&rft.au=McShane%2C+R&rft.au=Burns%2C+A&rft.au=Ritchie%2C+C&rft.au=Reeves%2C+S&rft.au=Lovestone%2C+S&rft.au=Ballard%2C+C&rft.au=Noble%2C+W&rft.au=Nilforooshan%2C+R&rft.au=Wilcock%2C+G&rft.au=Gray%2C+R&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6865324&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: overridden setting (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_overridden_setting" title="Category:CS1 maint: overridden setting">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLacassinSchaffoPerronneLonguet1995" class="citation journal cs1">Lacassin F, Schaffo D, Perronne C, Longuet P, Leport C, Vilde JL (January 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC162527">"Clarithromycin-minocycline combination as salvage therapy for toxoplasmosis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus"</a>. <i>Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy</i>. <b>39</b> (1): 276–277. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1128%2FAAC.39.1.276">10.1128/AAC.39.1.276</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC162527">162527</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7695324">7695324</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antimicrobial+Agents+and+Chemotherapy&rft.atitle=Clarithromycin-minocycline+combination+as+salvage+therapy+for+toxoplasmosis+in+patients+infected+with+human+immunodeficiency+virus&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=276-277&rft.date=1995-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC162527%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F7695324&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1128%2FAAC.39.1.276&rft.aulast=Lacassin&rft.aufirst=F&rft.au=Schaffo%2C+D&rft.au=Perronne%2C+C&rft.au=Longuet%2C+P&rft.au=Leport%2C+C&rft.au=Vilde%2C+JL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC162527&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Beal-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Beal_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBealFerrante2004" class="citation journal cs1">Beal MF, Ferrante RJ (May 2004). "Experimental therapeutics in transgenic mouse models of Huntington's disease". <i>Nature Reviews. Neuroscience</i>. <b>5</b> (5): 373–384. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnrn1386">10.1038/nrn1386</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15100720">15100720</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:19496441">19496441</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Reviews.+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Experimental+therapeutics+in+transgenic+mouse+models+of+Huntington%27s+disease&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=373-384&rft.date=2004-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A19496441%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15100720&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnrn1386&rft.aulast=Beal&rft.aufirst=MF&rft.au=Ferrante%2C+RJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZemkeMajid2004" class="citation journal cs1">Zemke D, Majid A (2004). "The potential of minocycline for neuroprotection in human neurologic disease". <i>Clinical Neuropharmacology</i>. <b>27</b> (6): 293–298. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1097%2F01.wnf.0000150867.98887.3e">10.1097/01.wnf.0000150867.98887.3e</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15613934">15613934</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:30431947">30431947</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+Neuropharmacology&rft.atitle=The+potential+of+minocycline+for+neuroprotection+in+human+neurologic+disease&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=293-298&rft.date=2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A30431947%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15613934&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1097%2F01.wnf.0000150867.98887.3e&rft.aulast=Zemke&rft.aufirst=D&rft.au=Majid%2C+A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Maier-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Maier_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaierMerklerGerberTaheri2007" class="citation journal cs1">Maier K, Merkler D, Gerber J, Taheri N, Kuhnert AV, Williams SK, et al. (March 2007). "Multiple neuroprotective mechanisms of minocycline in autoimmune CNS inflammation". <i>Neurobiology of Disease</i>. <b>25</b> (3): 514–525. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.nbd.2006.10.022">10.1016/j.nbd.2006.10.022</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17239606">17239606</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:39628457">39628457</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurobiology+of+Disease&rft.atitle=Multiple+neuroprotective+mechanisms+of+minocycline+in+autoimmune+CNS+inflammation&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=514-525&rft.date=2007-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A39628457%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17239606&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.nbd.2006.10.022&rft.aulast=Maier&rft.aufirst=K&rft.au=Merkler%2C+D&rft.au=Gerber%2C+J&rft.au=Taheri%2C+N&rft.au=Kuhnert%2C+AV&rft.au=Williams%2C+SK&rft.au=Neusch%2C+C&rft.au=B%C3%A4hr%2C+M&rft.au=Diem%2C+R&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: overridden setting (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_overridden_setting" title="Category:CS1 maint: overridden setting">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPopovicSchubartGoetzZhang2002" class="citation journal cs1">Popovic N, Schubart A, Goetz BD, Zhang SC, Linington C, Duncan ID (February 2002). "Inhibition of autoimmune encephalomyelitis by a tetracycline". <i>Annals of Neurology</i>. <b>51</b> (2): 215–223. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fana.10092">10.1002/ana.10092</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11835378">11835378</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:21209994">21209994</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Neurology&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+autoimmune+encephalomyelitis+by+a+tetracycline&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=215-223&rft.date=2002-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A21209994%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11835378&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fana.10092&rft.aulast=Popovic&rft.aufirst=N&rft.au=Schubart%2C+A&rft.au=Goetz%2C+BD&rft.au=Zhang%2C+SC&rft.au=Linington%2C+C&rft.au=Duncan%2C+ID&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShamimMannaDwivediSwami2023" class="citation journal cs1">Shamim MA, Manna S, Dwivedi P, Swami MK, Sahoo S, Shukla R, et al. (November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10637431">"Minocycline in depression not responding to first-line therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis"</a>. <i>Medicine</i>. <b>102</b> (45): e35937. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1097%2FMD.0000000000035937">10.1097/MD.0000000000035937</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10637431">10637431</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37960804">37960804</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medicine&rft.atitle=Minocycline+in+depression+not+responding+to+first-line+therapy%3A+A+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=45&rft.pages=e35937&rft.date=2023-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC10637431%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F37960804&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1097%2FMD.0000000000035937&rft.aulast=Shamim&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.au=Manna%2C+S&rft.au=Dwivedi%2C+P&rft.au=Swami%2C+MK&rft.au=Sahoo%2C+S&rft.au=Shukla%2C+R&rft.au=Srivastav%2C+S&rft.au=Thaper%2C+K&rft.au=Saravanan%2C+A&rft.au=Anil%2C+A&rft.au=Varthya%2C+SB&rft.au=Singh%2C+S&rft.au=Shamim%2C+MA&rft.au=Satapathy%2C+P&rft.au=Chattu%2C+SK&rft.au=Chattu%2C+VK&rft.au=Padhi%2C+BK&rft.au=Sah%2C+R&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC10637431&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: overridden setting (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_overridden_setting" title="Category:CS1 maint: overridden setting">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalhotraChangKhungerBlacker2018" class="citation journal cs1">Malhotra K, Chang JJ, Khunger A, Blacker D, Switzer JA, Goyal N, et al. (August 2018). "Minocycline for acute stroke treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials". <i>Journal of Neurology</i>. <b>265</b> (8): 1871–1879. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00415-018-8935-3">10.1007/s00415-018-8935-3</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10757%2F624615">10757/624615</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29948247">29948247</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:49431206">49431206</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Neurology&rft.atitle=Minocycline+for+acute+stroke+treatment%3A+a+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis+of+randomized+clinical+trials&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=1871-1879&rft.date=2018-08&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10757%2F624615&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A49431206%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29948247&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs00415-018-8935-3&rft.aulast=Malhotra&rft.aufirst=K&rft.au=Chang%2C+JJ&rft.au=Khunger%2C+A&rft.au=Blacker%2C+D&rft.au=Switzer%2C+JA&rft.au=Goyal%2C+N&rft.au=Hernandez%2C+AV&rft.au=Pasupuleti%2C+V&rft.au=Alexandrov%2C+AV&rft.au=Tsivgoulis%2C+G&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: overridden setting (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_overridden_setting" title="Category:CS1 maint: overridden setting">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid28007648-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid28007648_72-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZhangSongTianQiu2017" class="citation journal cs1">Zhang J, Song YL, Tian KY, Qiu JH (February 2017). "Minocycline attenuates noise-induced hearing loss in rats". <i>Neuroscience Letters</i>. <b>639</b>: 31–35. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.neulet.2016.12.039">10.1016/j.neulet.2016.12.039</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28007648">28007648</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:38379616">38379616</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroscience+Letters&rft.atitle=Minocycline+attenuates+noise-induced+hearing+loss+in+rats&rft.volume=639&rft.pages=31-35&rft.date=2017-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A38379616%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28007648&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.neulet.2016.12.039&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=J&rft.au=Song%2C+YL&rft.au=Tian%2C+KY&rft.au=Qiu%2C+JH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid36820161-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid36820161_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerumalRavulaShaoChandra2023" class="citation journal cs1">Perumal V, Ravula AR, Shao N, Chandra N (January 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9937842">"Effect of minocycline and its nano-formulation on central auditory system in blast-induced hearing loss rat model"</a>. <i>Journal of Otology</i>. <b>18</b> (1): 38–48. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.joto.2022.09.002">10.1016/j.joto.2022.09.002</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9937842">9937842</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36820161">36820161</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Otology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+minocycline+and+its+nano-formulation+on+central+auditory+system+in+blast-induced+hearing+loss+rat+model&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=38-48&rft.date=2023-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9937842%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F36820161&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.joto.2022.09.002&rft.aulast=Perumal&rft.aufirst=V&rft.au=Ravula%2C+AR&rft.au=Shao%2C+N&rft.au=Chandra%2C+N&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9937842&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid15708492-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid15708492_74-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeiZhaoLiuDodel2005" class="citation journal cs1">Wei X, Zhao L, Liu J, Dodel RC, Farlow MR, Du Y (2005). "Minocycline prevents gentamicin-induced ototoxicity by inhibiting p38 MAP kinase phosphorylation and caspase 3 activation". <i><a href="/wiki/Neuroscience_(journal)" title="Neuroscience (journal)">Neuroscience</a></i>. <b>131</b> (2): 513–21. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.neuroscience.2004.11.014">10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.11.014</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15708492">15708492</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:3125930">3125930</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Minocycline+prevents+gentamicin-induced+ototoxicity+by+inhibiting+p38+MAP+kinase+phosphorylation+and+caspase+3+activation&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=513-21&rft.date=2005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A3125930%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15708492&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.neuroscience.2004.11.014&rft.aulast=Wei&rft.aufirst=X&rft.au=Zhao%2C+L&rft.au=Liu%2C+J&rft.au=Dodel%2C+RC&rft.au=Farlow%2C+MR&rft.au=Du%2C+Y&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid25950003-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid25950003_75-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobinsonVujanovicRichter2015" class="citation journal cs1">Robinson AM, Vujanovic I, Richter CP (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4407513">"Minocycline protection of neomycin induced hearing loss in gerbils"</a>. <i>BioMed Research International</i>. <b>2015</b>: 934158. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1155%2F2015%2F934158">10.1155/2015/934158</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4407513">4407513</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25950003">25950003</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioMed+Research+International&rft.atitle=Minocycline+protection+of+neomycin+induced+hearing+loss+in+gerbils&rft.volume=2015&rft.pages=934158&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4407513%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F25950003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1155%2F2015%2F934158&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=AM&rft.au=Vujanovic%2C+I&rft.au=Richter%2C+CP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4407513&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid21716954-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid21716954_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeeShinCho2011" class="citation journal cs1">Lee CK, Shin JI, Cho YS (June 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3109331">"Protective Effect of Minocycline Against Cisplatin-induced Ototoxicity"</a>. <i>Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology</i>. <b>4</b> (2): 77–82. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3342%2Fceo.2011.4.2.77">10.3342/ceo.2011.4.2.77</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3109331">3109331</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21716954">21716954</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+and+Experimental+Otorhinolaryngology&rft.atitle=Protective+Effect+of+Minocycline+Against+Cisplatin-induced+Ototoxicity&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=77-82&rft.date=2011-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3109331%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21716954&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3342%2Fceo.2011.4.2.77&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=CK&rft.au=Shin%2C+JI&rft.au=Cho%2C+YS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3109331&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid21493367-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid21493367_77-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuZhangTangWang2011" class="citation journal cs1">Du B, Zhang Y, Tang Y, Wang P (May 2011). "Minocycline attenuates ototoxicity and enhances antitumor activity of cisplatin treatment in vitro". <i>Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery</i>. <b>144</b> (5): 719–25. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0194599810395090">10.1177/0194599810395090</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21493367">21493367</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:25994657">25994657</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Otolaryngology%E2%80%93Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.atitle=Minocycline+attenuates+ototoxicity+and+enhances+antitumor+activity+of+cisplatin+treatment+in+vitro&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=719-25&rft.date=2011-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A25994657%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21493367&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0194599810395090&rft.aulast=Du&rft.aufirst=B&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Y&rft.au=Tang%2C+Y&rft.au=Wang%2C+P&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid36368186-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid36368186_78-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFvan_RoesselGrassiAboujaoudeMenchón2023" class="citation journal cs1">van Roessel PJ, Grassi G, Aboujaoude EN, Menchón JM, Van Ameringen M, Rodríguez CI (January 2023). "Treatment-resistant OCD: Pharmacotherapies in adults". <i>Comprehensive Psychiatry</i>. <b>120</b>: 152352. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.comppsych.2022.152352">10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152352</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2445%2F192315">2445/192315</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36368186">36368186</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comprehensive+Psychiatry&rft.atitle=Treatment-resistant+OCD%3A+Pharmacotherapies+in+adults&rft.volume=120&rft.pages=152352&rft.date=2023-01&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2445%2F192315&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F36368186&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.comppsych.2022.152352&rft.aulast=van+Roessel&rft.aufirst=PJ&rft.au=Grassi%2C+G&rft.au=Aboujaoude%2C+EN&rft.au=Mench%C3%B3n%2C+JM&rft.au=Van+Ameringen%2C+M&rft.au=Rodr%C3%ADguez%2C+CI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid36982324-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid36982324_79-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPanizzuttiSkvarcLinCroce2023" class="citation journal cs1">Panizzutti B, Skvarc D, Lin S, Croce S, Meehan A, Bortolasci CC, et al. (March 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10049047">"Minocycline as Treatment for Psychiatric and Neurological Conditions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"</a>. <i>International Journal of Molecular Sciences</i>. <b>24</b> (6): 5250. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fijms24065250">10.3390/ijms24065250</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10049047">10049047</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36982324">36982324</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Molecular+Sciences&rft.atitle=Minocycline+as+Treatment+for+Psychiatric+and+Neurological+Conditions%3A+A+Systematic+Review+and+Meta-Analysis&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=5250&rft.date=2023-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC10049047%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F36982324&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3390%2Fijms24065250&rft.aulast=Panizzutti&rft.aufirst=B&rft.au=Skvarc%2C+D&rft.au=Lin%2C+S&rft.au=Croce%2C+S&rft.au=Meehan%2C+A&rft.au=Bortolasci%2C+CC&rft.au=Marx%2C+W&rft.au=Walker%2C+AJ&rft.au=Hasebe%2C+K&rft.au=Kavanagh%2C+BE&rft.au=Morris%2C+MJ&rft.au=Mohebbi%2C+M&rft.au=Turner%2C+A&rft.au=Gray%2C+L&rft.au=Berk%2C+L&rft.au=Walder%2C+K&rft.au=Berk%2C+M&rft.au=Dean%2C+OM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC10049047&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid16769901-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid16769901_80-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlanoKauppinenVallsSwanson2006" class="citation journal cs1">Alano CC, Kauppinen TM, Valls AV, Swanson RA (June 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1480467">"Minocycline inhibits poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 at nanomolar concentrations"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i>. <b>103</b> (25): 9685–9690. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006PNAS..103.9685A">2006PNAS..103.9685A</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.0600554103">10.1073/pnas.0600554103</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1480467">1480467</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16769901">16769901</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Minocycline+inhibits+poly%28ADP-ribose%29+polymerase-1+at+nanomolar+concentrations&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=25&rft.pages=9685-9690&rft.date=2006-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1480467%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16769901&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.0600554103&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2006PNAS..103.9685A&rft.aulast=Alano&rft.aufirst=CC&rft.au=Kauppinen%2C+TM&rft.au=Valls%2C+AV&rft.au=Swanson%2C+RA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1480467&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid11306611-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pmid11306611_81-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid11306611_81-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTikkaFiebichGoldsteinsKeinanen2001" class="citation journal cs1">Tikka T, Fiebich BL, Goldsteins G, Keinanen R, Koistinaho J (April 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6762519">"Minocycline, a tetracycline derivative, is neuroprotective against excitotoxicity by inhibiting activation and proliferation of microglia"</a>. <i>The Journal of Neuroscience</i>. <b>21</b> (8): 2580–2588. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1523%2FJNEUROSCI.21-08-02580.2001">10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-08-02580.2001</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6762519">6762519</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11306611">11306611</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Minocycline%2C+a+tetracycline+derivative%2C+is+neuroprotective+against+excitotoxicity+by+inhibiting+activation+and+proliferation+of+microglia&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=2580-2588&rft.date=2001-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6762519%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11306611&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1523%2FJNEUROSCI.21-08-02580.2001&rft.aulast=Tikka&rft.aufirst=T&rft.au=Fiebich%2C+BL&rft.au=Goldsteins%2C+G&rft.au=Keinanen%2C+R&rft.au=Koistinaho%2C+J&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6762519&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-minomycin-if-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-minomycin-if_82-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170908112018/http://www.info.pmda.go.jp/go/interview/2/671450_6152005F1052_2_1F.pdf">"minomycin-if"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.info.pmda.go.jp/go/interview/2/671450_6152005F1052_2_1F.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 8 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=minomycin-if&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.info.pmda.go.jp%2Fgo%2Finterview%2F2%2F671450_6152005F1052_2_1F.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinocycline" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Stomatological_preparations_(A01)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Stomatological_preparations" title="Template:Stomatological preparations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Stomatological_preparations" title="Template talk:Stomatological preparations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Stomatological_preparations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Stomatological preparations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Stomatological_preparations_(A01)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Stomatological" class="mw-redirect" title="Stomatological">Stomatological</a> preparations (<a href="/wiki/ATC_code_A01" title="ATC code A01">A01</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Caries" class="mw-redirect" title="Caries">Caries</a> <a href="/wiki/Prophylaxis" class="mw-redirect" title="Prophylaxis">prophylaxis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dectaflur" title="Dectaflur">Dectaflur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaflur" title="Olaflur">Olaflur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sodium_fluoride" title="Sodium fluoride">Sodium fluoride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sodium_monofluorophosphate" title="Sodium monofluorophosphate">Sodium monofluorophosphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tin(II)_fluoride" title="Tin(II) fluoride">Stannous fluoride</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Infection" title="Infection">Infection</a> and <a href="/wiki/Antiseptic" title="Antiseptic">antiseptics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphotericin_B" title="Amphotericin B">Amphotericin B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzoxonium_chloride" title="Benzoxonium chloride">Benzoxonium chloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorhexidine_gluconate" class="mw-redirect" title="Chlorhexidine gluconate">Chlorhexidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlortetracycline" title="Chlortetracycline">Chlortetracycline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clotrimazole" title="Clotrimazole">Clotrimazole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cetylpyridinium_chloride" title="Cetylpyridinium chloride">Cetylpyridinium chloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domiphen_bromide" title="Domiphen bromide">Domiphen bromide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doxycycline" title="Doxycycline">Doxycycline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenol" title="Eugenol">Eugenol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexetidine" title="Hexetidine">Hexetidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_peroxide" title="Hydrogen peroxide">Hydrogen peroxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mepartricin" title="Mepartricin">Mepartricin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metronidazole" title="Metronidazole">Metronidazole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miconazole" title="Miconazole">Miconazole</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Minocycline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natamycin" title="Natamycin">Natamycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neomycin" title="Neomycin">Neomycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxyquinoline" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxyquinoline">Oxyquinoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynoxylin" title="Polynoxylin">Polynoxylin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sodium_perborate" title="Sodium perborate">Sodium perborate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetracycline" title="Tetracycline">Tetracycline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibezonium_iodide" title="Tibezonium iodide">Tibezonium iodide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Corticosteroid" title="Corticosteroid">Corticosteroids</a><br /> (<a href="/wiki/Glucocorticoid" title="Glucocorticoid">Glucocorticoids</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dexamethasone" title="Dexamethasone">Dexamethasone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortisol" title="Cortisol">Hydrocortisone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triamcinolone" title="Triamcinolone">Triamcinolone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amlexanox" title="Amlexanox">Amlexanox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspirin" title="Aspirin">Acetylsalicylic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Becaplermin" title="Becaplermin">Becaplermin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzydamine" title="Benzydamine">Benzydamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epinephrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Epinephrine">Epinephrine</a>/<a href="/wiki/Adrenalone" title="Adrenalone">Adrenalone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Acne-treating_agents_(D10)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Acne-treating_agents" title="Template:Acne-treating agents"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Acne-treating_agents" title="Template talk:Acne-treating agents"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Acne-treating_agents" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Acne-treating agents"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Acne-treating_agents_(D10)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Acne_vulgaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Acne vulgaris">Acne</a>-treating agents (<a href="/wiki/ATC_code_D10" title="ATC code D10">D10</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Antiseptic" title="Antiseptic">Antibacterial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azelaic_acid" title="Azelaic acid">Azelaic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzoyl_peroxide" title="Benzoyl peroxide">Benzoyl peroxide</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8-Hydroxyquinoline" title="8-Hydroxyquinoline">8-Hydroxyquinoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_therapy" title="Light therapy">Blue light therapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_tree_oil" title="Tea tree oil">Tea tree oil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Keratolytic" title="Keratolytic">Keratolytic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glycolic_acid" title="Glycolic acid">Glycolic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salicylic_acid" title="Salicylic acid">Salicylic acid</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulfur_(pharmacy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulfur (pharmacy)">Sulfur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzoyl_peroxide" title="Benzoyl peroxide">Benzoyl peroxide</a><sup>#</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anti-inflammatory" title="Anti-inflammatory">Anti-inflammatory</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Niacinamide" class="mw-redirect" title="Niacinamide">Niacinamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibuprofen" title="Ibuprofen">Ibuprofen</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspirin" title="Aspirin">Aspirin</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_therapy" title="Light therapy">Red light therapy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Antibiotics" class="mw-redirect" title="Antibiotics">Antibiotics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clindamycin" title="Clindamycin">Clindamycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dapsone" title="Dapsone">Dapsone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythromycin" title="Erythromycin">Erythromycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulfacetamide" title="Sulfacetamide">Sulfacetamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetracycline_antibiotics" title="Tetracycline antibiotics">Tetracyclines</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lymecycline" title="Lymecycline">Lymecycline</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Minocycline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doxycycline" title="Doxycycline">Doxycycline</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hormone" title="Hormone">Hormonal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antiandrogen" title="Antiandrogen">Antiandrogens</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bicalutamide" title="Bicalutamide">Bicalutamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyproterone_acetate" title="Cyproterone acetate">Cyproterone acetate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drospirenone" title="Drospirenone">Drospirenone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flutamide" title="Flutamide">Flutamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spironolactone" title="Spironolactone">Spironolactone</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estrogen" title="Estrogen">Estrogens</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Estradiol" title="Estradiol">Estradiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethinylestradiol" title="Ethinylestradiol">Ethinylestradiol</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Retinoid" title="Retinoid">Retinoids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adapalene" title="Adapalene">Adapalene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isotretinoin" title="Isotretinoin">Isotretinoin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motretinide" title="Motretinide">Motretinide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tazarotene" title="Tazarotene">Tazarotene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tretinoin" title="Tretinoin">Tretinoin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trifarotene" title="Trifarotene">Trifarotene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epristeride" title="Epristeride">Epristeride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesulfen" title="Mesulfen">Mesulfen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelretin" title="Pelretin">Pelretin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stridex" title="Stridex">Stridex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tioxolone" title="Tioxolone">Tioxolone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Combinations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adapalene/benzoyl_peroxide" title="Adapalene/benzoyl peroxide">Adapalene/benzoyl peroxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clindamycin/adapalene/benzoyl_peroxide" title="Clindamycin/adapalene/benzoyl peroxide">Clindamycin/adapalene/benzoyl peroxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clindamycin/benzoyl_peroxide" title="Clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide">Clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clindamycin/tretinoin" title="Clindamycin/tretinoin">Clindamycin/tretinoin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythromycin/benzoyl_peroxide" title="Erythromycin/benzoyl peroxide">Erythromycin/benzoyl peroxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythromycin/isotretinoin" title="Erythromycin/isotretinoin">Erythromycin/isotretinoin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulfacetamide/sulfur" title="Sulfacetamide/sulfur">Sulfacetamide/sulfur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tretinoin/benzoyl_peroxide" title="Tretinoin/benzoyl peroxide">Tretinoin/benzoyl peroxide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><sup>#</sup><a href="/wiki/WHO_Model_List_of_Essential_Medicines" title="WHO Model List of Essential Medicines">WHO-EM</a></li> <li><sup>‡</sup><a href="/wiki/List_of_withdrawn_drugs" title="List of withdrawn drugs">Withdrawn</a> from market</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinical_trial" title="Clinical trial">Clinical trials</a>: <ul><li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Phases_of_clinical_research#Phase_III" title="Phases of clinical research">Phase III</a></li> <li><sup>§</sup>Never to phase III</li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Antibacterials_that_inhibit_protein_synthesis_(J01A,_J01B,_J01F,_J01G,_QJ01XQ)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Protein_synthesis_inhibitor_antibiotics" title="Template:Protein synthesis inhibitor antibiotics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Protein_synthesis_inhibitor_antibiotics" title="Template talk:Protein synthesis inhibitor antibiotics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Protein_synthesis_inhibitor_antibiotics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Protein synthesis inhibitor antibiotics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Antibacterials_that_inhibit_protein_synthesis_(J01A,_J01B,_J01F,_J01G,_QJ01XQ)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Antibiotic" title="Antibiotic">Antibacterials</a> that <a href="/wiki/Protein_synthesis_inhibitor" title="Protein synthesis inhibitor">inhibit protein synthesis</a> (<a href="/wiki/ATC_code_J01#J01A" title="ATC code J01">J01A</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATC_code_J01#J01B" title="ATC code J01">J01B</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATC_code_J01#J01F" title="ATC code J01">J01F</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATC_code_J01#J01G" title="ATC code J01">J01G</a>, <a href="/wiki/ATC_code_J01#QJ01XQ" title="ATC code J01">QJ01XQ</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/30S" class="mw-redirect" title="30S">30S</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aminoglycoside" title="Aminoglycoside">Aminoglycosides</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Bacterial_translation#Initiation" title="Bacterial translation">initiation</a> inhibitors)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">-mycin (<i><a href="/wiki/Streptomyces" title="Streptomyces">Streptomyces</a></i>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Streptomycin" title="Streptomycin">Streptomycin</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihydrostreptomycin" title="Dihydrostreptomycin">Dihydrostreptomycin</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neomycin" title="Neomycin">Neomycin</a><sup>#</sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Framycetin" class="mw-redirect" title="Framycetin">Framycetin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paromomycin" title="Paromomycin">Paromomycin</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ribostamycin" title="Ribostamycin">Ribostamycin</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kanamycin" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanamycin">Kanamycin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amikacin" title="Amikacin">Amikacin</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arbekacin" title="Arbekacin">Arbekacin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bekanamycin" title="Bekanamycin">Bekanamycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dibekacin" title="Dibekacin">Dibekacin</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tobramycin" title="Tobramycin">Tobramycin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Loteprednol/tobramycin" title="Loteprednol/tobramycin">+loteprednol</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectinomycin" title="Spectinomycin">Spectinomycin</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hygromycin_B" title="Hygromycin B">Hygromycin B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totomycin" title="Totomycin">Totomycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apramycin" title="Apramycin">Apramycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nourseothricin" title="Nourseothricin">Nourseothricin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">-micin (<i><a href="/wiki/Micromonospora" title="Micromonospora">Micromonospora</a></i>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gentamicin" title="Gentamicin">Gentamicin</a><sup>#</sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Netilmicin" title="Netilmicin">Netilmicin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisomicin" title="Sisomicin">Sisomicin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronomicin" title="Micronomicin">Micronomicin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plazomicin" title="Plazomicin">Plazomicin</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isepamicin" title="Isepamicin">Isepamicin</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Verdamicin" title="Verdamicin">Verdamicin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astromicin" title="Astromicin">Astromicin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Butirosin" title="Butirosin">Butirosin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tetracycline_antibiotics" title="Tetracycline antibiotics">Tetracycline antibiotics</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Transfer_RNA" title="Transfer RNA">tRNA</a> binding)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tetracyclines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doxycycline" title="Doxycycline">Doxycycline</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlortetracycline" title="Chlortetracycline">Chlortetracycline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clomocycline" title="Clomocycline">Clomocycline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeclocycline" title="Demeclocycline">Demeclocycline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eravacycline" title="Eravacycline">Eravacycline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lymecycline" title="Lymecycline">Lymecycline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meclocycline" title="Meclocycline">Meclocycline</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metacycline" title="Metacycline">Metacycline</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Minocycline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omadacycline" title="Omadacycline">Omadacycline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxytetracycline" title="Oxytetracycline">Oxytetracycline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penimepicycline" title="Penimepicycline">Penimepicycline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolitetracycline" title="Rolitetracycline">Rolitetracycline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarecycline" title="Sarecycline">Sarecycline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetracycline" title="Tetracycline">Tetracycline</a><sup>#</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Glycylcycline" title="Glycylcycline">Glycylcyclines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tigecycline" title="Tigecycline">Tigecycline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/50S" class="mw-redirect" title="50S">50S</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2-Oxazolidone" title="2-Oxazolidone">Oxazolidinone</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Bacterial_translation#Initiation" title="Bacterial translation">initiation</a> inhibitors)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eperezolid" title="Eperezolid">Eperezolid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linezolid" title="Linezolid">Linezolid</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posizolid" title="Posizolid">Posizolid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radezolid" title="Radezolid">Radezolid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranbezolid" title="Ranbezolid">Ranbezolid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutezolid" title="Sutezolid">Sutezolid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tedizolid" title="Tedizolid">Tedizolid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Peptidyl_transferase" class="mw-redirect" title="Peptidyl transferase">Peptidyl transferase</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Amphenicols" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Amphenicol" title="Amphenicol">Amphenicols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chloramphenicol" title="Chloramphenicol">Chloramphenicol</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azidamfenicol" title="Azidamfenicol">Azidamfenicol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiamphenicol" title="Thiamphenicol">Thiamphenicol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florfenicol" title="Florfenicol">Florfenicol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">MLS (<a href="/wiki/Bacterial_translation#Elongation" title="Bacterial translation">transpeptidation/translocation</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Macrolide" title="Macrolide">Macrolides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azithromycin" title="Azithromycin">Azithromycin</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boromycin" title="Boromycin">Boromycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbomycin" title="Carbomycin">Carbomycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrimycin" title="Carrimycin">Carrimycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarithromycin" title="Clarithromycin">Clarithromycin</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirithromycin" title="Dirithromycin">Dirithromycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythromycin" title="Erythromycin">Erythromycin</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flurithromycin" title="Flurithromycin">Flurithromycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamithromycin" title="Gamithromycin">Gamithromycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josamycin" title="Josamycin">Josamycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitasamycin" title="Kitasamycin">Kitasamycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midecamycin" title="Midecamycin">Midecamycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miocamycin" title="Miocamycin">Miocamycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleandomycin" title="Oleandomycin">Oleandomycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rokitamycin" title="Rokitamycin">Rokitamycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxithromycin" title="Roxithromycin">Roxithromycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solithromycin" title="Solithromycin">Solithromycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiramycin" title="Spiramycin">Spiramycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telithromycin" title="Telithromycin">Telithromycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tildipirosin" title="Tildipirosin">Tildipirosin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilmicosin" title="Tilmicosin">Tilmicosin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troleandomycin" title="Troleandomycin">Troleandomycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulathromycin" title="Tulathromycin">Tulathromycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tylosin" title="Tylosin">Tylosin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tylvalosin" title="Tylvalosin">Tylvalosin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ketolide" title="Ketolide">Ketolides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Telithromycin" title="Telithromycin">Telithromycin</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cethromycin" title="Cethromycin">Cethromycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solithromycin" title="Solithromycin">Solithromycin</a><sup>†</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lincosamides" title="Lincosamides">Lincosamides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clindamycin" title="Clindamycin">Clindamycin</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincomycin" title="Lincomycin">Lincomycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirlimycin" title="Pirlimycin">Pirlimycin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Streptogramin" title="Streptogramin">Streptogramins</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pristinamycin" title="Pristinamycin">Pristinamycin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pristinamycin_IA" title="Pristinamycin IA">IA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pristinamycin_IIA" title="Pristinamycin IIA">IIA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pristinamycin_IIB" title="Pristinamycin IIB">IIB</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NXL103" class="mw-redirect" title="NXL103">NXL103</a> (<a href="/wiki/Flopristin" title="Flopristin">Flopristin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Linopristin" title="Linopristin">Linopristin</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quinupristin/dalfopristin" title="Quinupristin/dalfopristin">Quinupristin/dalfopristin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dalfopristin" title="Dalfopristin">Dalfopristin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quinupristin" title="Quinupristin">Quinupristin</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streptogramin_A" title="Streptogramin A">Streptogramin A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streptogramin_B" title="Streptogramin B">Streptogramin B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginiamycin" title="Virginiamycin">Virginiamycin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Virginiamycin_S1" title="Virginiamycin S1">S1</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: transparent; padding: 0px;"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><sup>#</sup><a href="/wiki/WHO_Model_List_of_Essential_Medicines" title="WHO Model List of Essential Medicines">WHO-EM</a></li> <li><sup>‡</sup><a href="/wiki/List_of_withdrawn_drugs" title="List of withdrawn drugs">Withdrawn</a> from market</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinical_trial" title="Clinical trial">Clinical trials</a>: <ul><li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Phases_of_clinical_research#Phase_III" title="Phases of clinical research">Phase III</a></li> <li><sup>§</sup>Never to phase III</li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leukotriene_signaling_modulators" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Leukotriene_signaling_modulators" title="Template:Leukotriene signaling modulators"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Leukotriene_signaling_modulators" title="Template talk:Leukotriene signaling modulators"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Leukotriene_signaling_modulators" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Leukotriene signaling modulators"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Leukotriene_signaling_modulators" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Leukotriene" title="Leukotriene">Leukotriene</a> <a href="/wiki/Cell_signaling" title="Cell signaling">signaling</a> <a href="/wiki/Receptor_modulator" title="Receptor modulator">modulators</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Receptor_(biochemistry)" title="Receptor (biochemistry)">Receptor</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Ligand_(biochemistry)" title="Ligand (biochemistry)">ligands</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Leukotriene_B4_receptor" title="Leukotriene B4 receptor"><abbr title="Leukotriene B4 receptor">BLT</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Leukotriene B4 receptor</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Leukotriene_B4_receptor_1" title="Leukotriene B4 receptor 1"><abbr title="Leukotriene B4 receptor 1">BLT<sub>1</sub></abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Leukotriene B4 receptor 1</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Agonists:</b> <a href="/wiki/12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic_acid" title="12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid">12-HETE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=20-Hydroxy-LTB4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="20-Hydroxy-LTB4 (page does not exist)">20-Hydroxy-LTB<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leukotriene_B4" title="Leukotriene B4">Leukotriene B<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-255283&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-255283 (page does not exist)">LY-255283</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Antagonists:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=20-Carboxy-LTB4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="20-Carboxy-LTB4 (page does not exist)">20-Carboxy-LTB<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amelubant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amelubant (page does not exist)">Amelubant</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CGS-23131&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CGS-23131 (page does not exist)">CGS-23131 (LY-223982)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CGS-25019C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CGS-25019C (page does not exist)">CGS-25019C</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CP-105696&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CP-105696 (page does not exist)">CP-105696</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CP-195543&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CP-195543 (page does not exist)">CP-195543</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etalocib" title="Etalocib">Etalocib</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-293111&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-293111 (page does not exist)">LY-293111</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moxilubant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moxilubant (page does not exist)">Moxilubant</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ONO-4057&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ONO-4057 (page does not exist)">ONO-4057</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RG-14893&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RG-14893 (page does not exist)">RG-14893</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RP-69698&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RP-69698 (page does not exist)">RP-69698</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SB-209247&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SB-209247 (page does not exist)">SB-209247</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SC-53228&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SC-53228 (page does not exist)">SC-53228</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ticolubant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ticolubant (page does not exist)">Ticolubant</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=U-75302&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="U-75302 (page does not exist)">U-75302</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ZK-158252&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ZK-158252 (page does not exist)">ZK-158252</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Leukotriene_B4_receptor_2" title="Leukotriene B4 receptor 2"><abbr title="Leukotriene B4 receptor 2">BLT<sub>2</sub></abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Leukotriene B4 receptor 2</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Agonists:</b> <a href="/wiki/12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic_acid" title="12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid">12-HETE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic_acid" title="12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid">12-HHT</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=12-Hydroperoxy-5Z,8Z,10E,14Z-eicosatetraenoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="12-Hydroperoxy-5Z,8Z,10E,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid (page does not exist)">12-HpETE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic_acid" title="15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid">15-HETE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=15-Hydroperoxy-5Z,8Z,11Z,13E-eicosatetraenoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="15-Hydroperoxy-5Z,8Z,11Z,13E-eicosatetraenoic acid (page does not exist)">15-HpETE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=20-Hydroxy-LTB4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="20-Hydroxy-LTB4 (page does not exist)">20-Hydroxy-LTB<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leukotriene_B4" title="Leukotriene B4">Leukotriene B<sub>4</sub></a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Antagonists:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=CP-195543&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CP-195543 (page does not exist)">CP-195543</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-255283&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-255283 (page does not exist)">LY-255283</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ZK-158252&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ZK-158252 (page does not exist)">ZK-158252</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Cysteinyl_leukotriene_receptor" title="Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor"><abbr title="Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor">CysLT</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Cysteinyl_leukotriene_receptor_1" title="Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1"><abbr title="Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1">CysLT<sub>1</sub></abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Agonists:</b> <a href="/wiki/Leukotriene_C4" title="Leukotriene C4">Leukotriene C<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leukotriene_D4" title="Leukotriene D4">Leukotriene D<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leukotriene_E4" title="Leukotriene E4">Leukotriene E<sub>4</sub></a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Antagonists:</b> <a href="/wiki/Ablukast" title="Ablukast">Ablukast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BAYu9773&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BAYu9773 (page does not exist)">BAYu9773</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BAYu9916&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BAYu9916 (page does not exist)">BAYu9916</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BAYx7195&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BAYx7195 (page does not exist)">BAYx7195</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cinalukast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cinalukast (page does not exist)">Cinalukast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=FPL-55712&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="FPL-55712 (page does not exist)">FPL-55712</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ICI-198615&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ICI-198615 (page does not exist)">ICI-198615</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iralukast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iralukast (page does not exist)">Iralukast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-170680&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-170680 (page does not exist)">LY-170680</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masilukast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masilukast (page does not exist)">Masilukast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MK-571&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MK-571 (page does not exist)">MK-571</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montelukast" title="Montelukast">Montelukast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ONO-1078&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ONO-1078 (page does not exist)">ONO-1078</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pobilukast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pobilukast (page does not exist)">Pobilukast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pranlukast" title="Pranlukast">Pranlukast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ritolukast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ritolukast (page does not exist)">Ritolukast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SKF-104353&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SKF-104353 (page does not exist)">SKF-104353</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR-2640&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SR-2640 (page does not exist)">SR-2640</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sulukast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sulukast (page does not exist)">Sulukast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipelukast" title="Tipelukast">Tipelukast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tomelukast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tomelukast (page does not exist)">Tomelukast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verlukast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Verlukast (page does not exist)">Verlukast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zafirlukast" title="Zafirlukast">Zafirlukast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ZD-3523&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ZD-3523 (page does not exist)">ZD-3523</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Cysteinyl_leukotriene_receptor_2" title="Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2"><abbr title="Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2">CysLT<sub>2</sub></abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Agonists:</b> <a href="/wiki/Leukotriene_C4" title="Leukotriene C4">Leukotriene C<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leukotriene_D4" title="Leukotriene D4">Leukotriene D<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leukotriene_E4" title="Leukotriene E4">Leukotriene E<sub>4</sub></a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Antagonists:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=BAYu9773&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BAYu9773 (page does not exist)">BAYu9773</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BAYu9916&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BAYu9916 (page does not exist)">BAYu9916</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Cysteinyl_leukotriene_receptor_E" class="mw-redirect" title="Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor E"><abbr title="Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor E">CysLT<sub>E</sub></abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor E</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Agonists:</b> <a href="/wiki/Leukotriene_E4" title="Leukotriene E4">Leukotriene E<sub>4</sub></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Enzyme" title="Enzyme">Enzyme</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Enzyme_inhibitor" title="Enzyme inhibitor">inhibitors</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Arachidonate_5-lipoxygenase" title="Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase"><abbr title="Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase">5-LOX</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2-TEDC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-TEDC (page does not exist)">2-TEDC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baicalein" title="Baicalein">Baicalein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BW-A4C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BW-A4C (page does not exist)">BW-A4C</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BW-B70C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BW-B70C (page does not exist)">BW-B70C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caffeic_acid" title="Caffeic acid">Caffeic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cinnamyl-3,4-dihydroxy-%CE%B1-cyanocinnamate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cinnamyl-3,4-dihydroxy-α-cyanocinnamate (page does not exist)">CDC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CJ-13610&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CJ-13610 (page does not exist)">CJ-13610</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curcumin" title="Curcumin">Curcumin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenleuton" title="Fenleuton">Fenleuton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperforin" title="Hyperforin">Hyperforin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypericum_perforatum" title="Hypericum perforatum"><i>Hypericum perforatum</i> (St. John's Wort)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meclofenamic_acid" title="Meclofenamic acid">Meclofenamic acid (meclofenamate)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Minocycline</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-Stearoyldopamine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-Stearoyldopamine (page does not exist)">N-Stearoyldopamine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timegadine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timegadine (page does not exist)">Timegadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zileuton" title="Zileuton">Zileuton</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Arachidonate_5-lipoxygenase-activating_protein" class="mw-redirect" title="Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein"><abbr title="Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein">FLAP</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein</span> inhibitors:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-103_(drug)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-103 (drug) (page does not exist)">AM-103</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-679_(FLAP_inhibitor)" title="AM-679 (FLAP inhibitor)">AM-679</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BAYx1005&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BAYx1005 (page does not exist)">BAYx1005</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MK-591&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MK-591 (page does not exist)">MK-591</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MK-886" title="MK-886">MK-886</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Arachidonate_12-lipoxygenase" class="mw-redirect" title="Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase"><abbr title="Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase">12-LOX</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2-TEDC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-TEDC (page does not exist)">2-TEDC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3-Methoxytropolone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3-Methoxytropolone (page does not exist)">3-Methoxytropolone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baicalein" title="Baicalein">Baicalein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cinnamyl-3,4-dihydroxy-%CE%B1-cyanocinnamate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cinnamyl-3,4-dihydroxy-α-cyanocinnamate (page does not exist)">CDC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Arachidonate_15-lipoxygenase" class="mw-redirect" title="Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase"><abbr title="Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase">15-LOX</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2-TEDC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-TEDC (page does not exist)">2-TEDC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cinnamyl-3,4-dihydroxy-%CE%B1-cyanocinnamate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cinnamyl-3,4-dihydroxy-α-cyanocinnamate (page does not exist)">CDC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luteolin" title="Luteolin">Luteolin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PD-146176&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PD-146176 (page does not exist)">PD-146176</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Leukotriene_A4_hydrolase" class="mw-redirect" title="Leukotriene A4 hydrolase"><abbr title="Leukotriene A4 hydrolase">LTA<sub>4</sub>H</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Leukotriene A4 hydrolase</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acebilustat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acebilustat (page does not exist)">Acebilustat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captopril" title="Captopril">Captopril</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DG-051&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DG-051 (page does not exist)">DG-051</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fosinoprilat" class="mw-redirect" title="Fosinoprilat">Fosinoprilat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JNJ-26993135&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JNJ-26993135 (page does not exist)">JNJ-26993135</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA-6541&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SA-6541 (page does not exist)">SA-6541</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SC-57461A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SC-57461A (page does not exist)">SC-57461A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubenimex" title="Ubenimex">Ubenimex (bestatin)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Leukotriene_B4_%CF%89-hydroxylase" class="mw-redirect" title="Leukotriene B4 ω-hydroxylase"><abbr title="Leukotriene B4 ω-hydroxylase">LTB<sub>4</sub>H</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Leukotriene B4 ω-hydroxylase</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=17-Octadecynoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="17-Octadecynoic acid (page does not exist)">17-Octadecynoic acid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Leukotriene_C4_synthase" title="Leukotriene C4 synthase"><abbr title="Leukotriene C4 synthase">LTC<sub>4</sub>S</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Leukotriene C4 synthase</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azelastine" title="Azelastine">Azelastine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MK-886" title="MK-886">MK-886</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Leukotriene_C4_hydrolase" title="Leukotriene C4 hydrolase"><abbr title="Leukotriene C4 hydrolase">LTC<sub>4</sub>H</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Leukotriene C4 hydrolase</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acivicin" title="Acivicin">Acivicin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serine-borate_complex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serine-borate complex (page does not exist)">Serine-borate complex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Leukotriene_D4_hydrolase" class="mw-redirect" title="Leukotriene D4 hydrolase"><abbr title="Leukotriene D4 hydrolase">LTD<sub>4</sub></abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Leukotriene D4 hydrolase</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cilastatin" title="Cilastatin">Cilastatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubenimex" title="Ubenimex">Ubenimex (bestatin)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Precursors:</b> <a href="/wiki/Linoleic_acid" title="Linoleic acid">Linoleic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%93-Linolenic_acid" title="Γ-Linolenic acid">γ-Linolenic acid (gamolenic acid)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihomo-%CE%B3-linolenic_acid" title="Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid">Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diglyceride" title="Diglyceride">Diacylglycerol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arachidonic_acid" title="Arachidonic acid">Arachidonic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arachidonic_acid_5-hydroperoxide" title="Arachidonic acid 5-hydroperoxide">5-HPETE (arachidonic acid 5-hydroperoxide)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leukotriene_A4" title="Leukotriene A4">Leukotriene A<sub>4</sub></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Template:Receptor_modulators" title="Template:Receptor modulators">Receptor/signaling modulators</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Template:Prostanoid_signaling_modulators" title="Template:Prostanoid signaling modulators">Prostanoid signaling modulators</a></i></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Glutamate_receptor_modulators" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;background:#ccccff"><div id="Glutamate_receptor_modulators" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Glutamate_receptor" title="Glutamate receptor">Glutamate receptor</a> <a href="/wiki/Receptor_modulator" title="Receptor modulator">modulators</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ionotropic_glutamate_receptor_modulators" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ionotropic_glutamate_receptor_modulators" title="Template:Ionotropic glutamate receptor modulators"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ionotropic_glutamate_receptor_modulators" title="Template talk:Ionotropic glutamate receptor modulators"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ionotropic_glutamate_receptor_modulators" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ionotropic glutamate receptor modulators"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ionotropic_glutamate_receptor_modulators" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ionotropic_glutamate_receptor" title="Ionotropic glutamate receptor">Ionotropic glutamate receptor</a> <a href="/wiki/Receptor_modulator" title="Receptor modulator">modulators</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%CE%91-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic_acid_receptor" class="mw-redirect" title="Α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor"><abbr title="α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor">AMPAR</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Agonists:</b> <i>Main site agonists:</i> <a href="/wiki/5-Fluorowillardiine" title="5-Fluorowillardiine">5-Fluorowillardiine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acromelic_acid_A" title="Acromelic acid A">Acromelic acid (acromelate)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMPA" title="AMPA">AMPA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%92-N-Oxalylamino-L-Alanine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Β-N-Oxalylamino-L-Alanine (page does not exist)">BOAA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domoic_acid" title="Domoic acid">Domoic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glutamate" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutamate">Glutamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibotenic_acid" title="Ibotenic acid">Ibotenic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proline" title="Proline">Proline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quisqualic_acid" title="Quisqualic acid">Quisqualic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willardiine" title="Willardiine">Willardiine</a>; <i>Positive allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/Aniracetam" title="Aniracetam">Aniracetam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclothiazide" title="Cyclothiazide">Cyclothiazide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CX-516" title="CX-516">CX-516</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CX-546" title="CX-546">CX-546</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CX614" title="CX614">CX-614</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farampator" title="Farampator">Farampator (CX-691, ORG-24448)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CX717" title="CX717">CX-717</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CX-1739" class="mw-redirect" title="CX-1739">CX-1739</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CX-1942&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CX-1942 (page does not exist)">CX-1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diazoxide" title="Diazoxide">Diazoxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrochlorothiazide" title="Hydrochlorothiazide">Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IDRA-21" title="IDRA-21">IDRA-21</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-392098&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-392098 (page does not exist)">LY-392098</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-395153&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-395153 (page does not exist)">LY-395153</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-404187" title="LY-404187">LY-404187</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-451646&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-451646 (page does not exist)">LY-451646</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-503430" title="LY-503430">LY-503430</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mibampator" title="Mibampator">Mibampator (LY-451395)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nooglutyl" title="Nooglutyl">Nooglutyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ORG-26576" title="ORG-26576">ORG-26576</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxiracetam" title="Oxiracetam">Oxiracetam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PEPA_(drug)" title="PEPA (drug)">PEPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesampator" title="Pesampator">Pesampator (BIIB-104, PF-04958242)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracetam" title="Piracetam">Piracetam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramiracetam" title="Pramiracetam">Pramiracetam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-18986" title="S-18986">S-18986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulrampator" title="Tulrampator">Tulrampator (S-47445, CX-1632)</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Antagonists:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=ACEA-1011&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ACEA-1011 (page does not exist)">ACEA-1011</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATPO&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATPO (page does not exist)">ATPO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Becampanel" title="Becampanel">Becampanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroverine" title="Caroverine">Caroverine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNQX" title="CNQX">CNQX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasolampanel" title="Dasolampanel">Dasolampanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DNQX" title="DNQX">DNQX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanapanel" title="Fanapanel">Fanapanel (MPQX)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamma-D-Glutamylaminomethylsulfonic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gamma-D-Glutamylaminomethylsulfonic acid (page does not exist)">GAMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaitocephalin" title="Kaitocephalin">Kaitocephalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kynurenic_acid" title="Kynurenic acid">Kynurenic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kynurenine" title="Kynurenine">Kynurenine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Licostinel" title="Licostinel">Licostinel (ACEA-1021)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NBQX" title="NBQX">NBQX</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PNQX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PNQX (page does not exist)">PNQX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selurampanel" title="Selurampanel">Selurampanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tezampanel" title="Tezampanel">Tezampanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theanine" title="Theanine">Theanine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topiramate" title="Topiramate">Topiramate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=YM90K&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="YM90K (page does not exist)">YM90K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zonampanel" title="Zonampanel">Zonampanel</a>; <i>Negative allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/Barbiturates" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbiturates">Barbiturates</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Pentobarbital" title="Pentobarbital">pentobarbital</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sodium_thiopental" title="Sodium thiopental">sodium thiopental</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclopropane" title="Cyclopropane">Cyclopropane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enflurane" title="Enflurane">Enflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_(drug)" title="Alcohol (drug)">Ethanol (alcohol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evans_blue_(dye)" title="Evans blue (dye)">Evans blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GYKI_52466" title="GYKI 52466">GYKI-52466</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=GYKI-53655&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GYKI-53655 (page does not exist)">GYKI-53655</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halothane" title="Halothane">Halothane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irampanel" title="Irampanel">Irampanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoflurane" title="Isoflurane">Isoflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perampanel" title="Perampanel">Perampanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pregnenolone_sulfate" title="Pregnenolone sulfate">Pregnenolone sulfate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevoflurane" title="Sevoflurane">Sevoflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talampanel" title="Talampanel">Talampanel</a>; <i>Unknown/unsorted antagonists:</i> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Minocycline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Kainate_receptor" title="Kainate receptor"><abbr title="Kainate receptor">KAR</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Kainate receptor</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Agonists:</b> <i>Main site agonists:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=5-Bromowillardiine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5-Bromowillardiine (page does not exist)">5-Bromowillardiine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-Iodowillardiine" title="5-Iodowillardiine">5-Iodowillardiine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acromelic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acromelic acid (page does not exist)">Acromelic acid (acromelate)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMPA" title="AMPA">AMPA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATPA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATPA (page does not exist)">ATPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domoic_acid" title="Domoic acid">Domoic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glutamate" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutamate">Glutamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibotenic_acid" title="Ibotenic acid">Ibotenic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kainic_acid" title="Kainic acid">Kainic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-339434&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-339434 (page does not exist)">LY-339434</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proline" title="Proline">Proline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quisqualic_acid" title="Quisqualic acid">Quisqualic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SYM-2081" title="SYM-2081">SYM-2081</a>; <i>Positive allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/Cyclothiazide" title="Cyclothiazide">Cyclothiazide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diazoxide" title="Diazoxide">Diazoxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enflurane" title="Enflurane">Enflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halothane" title="Halothane">Halothane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoflurane" title="Isoflurane">Isoflurane</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Antagonists:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=ACEA-1011&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ACEA-1011 (page does not exist)">ACEA-1011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNQX" title="CNQX">CNQX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasolampanel" title="Dasolampanel">Dasolampanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DNQX" title="DNQX">DNQX</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamma-D-Glutamylaminomethylsulfonic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gamma-D-Glutamylaminomethylsulfonic acid (page does not exist)">GAMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaitocephalin" title="Kaitocephalin">Kaitocephalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kynurenic_acid" title="Kynurenic acid">Kynurenic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Licostinel" title="Licostinel">Licostinel (ACEA-1021)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-382884&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-382884 (page does not exist)">LY-382884</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NBQX" title="NBQX">NBQX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NS102" title="NS102">NS102</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selurampanel" title="Selurampanel">Selurampanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tezampanel" title="Tezampanel">Tezampanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theanine" title="Theanine">Theanine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topiramate" title="Topiramate">Topiramate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UBP-302" title="UBP-302">UBP-302</a>; <i>Negative allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/Barbiturates" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbiturates">Barbiturates</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Pentobarbital" title="Pentobarbital">pentobarbital</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sodium_thiopental" title="Sodium thiopental">sodium thiopental</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enflurane" title="Enflurane">Enflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_(drug)" title="Alcohol (drug)">Ethanol (alcohol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evans_blue_(dye)" title="Evans blue (dye)">Evans blue</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NS-3763&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NS-3763 (page does not exist)">NS-3763</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pregnenolone_sulfate" title="Pregnenolone sulfate">Pregnenolone sulfate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/N-Methyl-D-aspartate_receptor" class="mw-redirect" title="N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor"><abbr title="N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor">NMDAR</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Agonists:</b> <i>Main site agonists:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=2-Amino-2-(3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl)acetic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-Amino-2-(3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl)acetic acid (page does not exist)">AMAA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspartate" class="mw-redirect" title="Aspartate">Aspartate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glutamate" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutamate">Glutamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homocysteic_acid" title="Homocysteic acid">Homocysteic acid (<small>L</small>-HCA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homoquinolinic_acid" title="Homoquinolinic acid">Homoquinolinic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibotenic_acid" title="Ibotenic acid">Ibotenic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Methyl-D-aspartic_acid" title="N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid">NMDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proline" title="Proline">Proline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quinolinic_acid" title="Quinolinic acid">Quinolinic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrazolylglycine" title="Tetrazolylglycine">Tetrazolylglycine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theanine" title="Theanine">Theanine</a>; <i>Glycine site agonists:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%92-Fluoro-D-alanine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Β-Fluoro-D-alanine (page does not exist)">β-Fluoro-<small>D</small>-alanine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ACBD_(drug)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ACBD (drug) (page does not exist)">ACBD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1-Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic_acid" class="mw-redirect" title="1-Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid">ACC (ACPC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACPD" title="ACPD">ACPD</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AK-51_(drug)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AK-51 (drug) (page does not exist)">AK-51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apimostinel" title="Apimostinel">Apimostinel (NRX-1074)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B6B21" class="mw-redirect" title="B6B21">B6B21</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carboxycyclopropylglycine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carboxycyclopropylglycine (page does not exist)">CCG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alanine" title="Alanine"><small>D</small>-Alanine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycloserine" title="Cycloserine"><small>D</small>-Cycloserine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serine" title="Serine"><small>D</small>-Serine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-(3,3-Diphenylpropyl)glycinamide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-(3,3-Diphenylpropyl)glycinamide (page does not exist)">DHPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethylglycine" title="Dimethylglycine">Dimethylglycine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glycine" title="Glycine">Glycine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HA-966" title="HA-966">HA-966</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=L-687414&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="L-687414 (page does not exist)">L-687414</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alanine" title="Alanine"><small>L</small>-Alanine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serine" title="Serine"><small>L</small>-Serine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milacemide" title="Milacemide">Milacemide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neboglamine" title="Neboglamine">Neboglamine (nebostinel)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapastinel" title="Rapastinel">Rapastinel (GLYX-13)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarcosine" title="Sarcosine">Sarcosine</a>; <i>Polyamine site agonists:</i> <a href="/wiki/Neomycin" title="Neomycin">Neomycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermidine" title="Spermidine">Spermidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermine" title="Spermine">Spermine</a>; <i>Other positive allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/24S-Hydroxycholesterol" title="24S-Hydroxycholesterol">24<i>S</i>-Hydroxycholesterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dehydroepiandrosterone" title="Dehydroepiandrosterone"><abbr title="Dehydroepiandrosterone">DHEA</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Dehydroepiandrosterone</span> (<a href="/wiki/Prasterone" title="Prasterone">prasterone</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dehydroepiandrosterone_sulfate" title="Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate"><abbr title="Dehydroepiandrosterone">DHEA</abbr> sulfate</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prasterone_sulfate" title="Prasterone sulfate">prasterone sulfate</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epipregnanolone_sulfate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epipregnanolone sulfate (page does not exist)">Epipregnanolone sulfate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plazinemdor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plazinemdor (page does not exist)">Plazinemdor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pregnenolone_sulfate" title="Pregnenolone sulfate">Pregnenolone sulfate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SAGE-201&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SAGE-201 (page does not exist)">SAGE-201</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SAGE-301&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SAGE-301 (page does not exist)">SAGE-301</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAGE-718" class="mw-redirect" title="SAGE-718">SAGE-718</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Antagonists:</b> <i>Competitive antagonists:</i> <a href="/wiki/AP5" title="AP5">AP5 (APV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AP-7_(drug)" title="AP-7 (drug)">AP7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CGP-37849" title="CGP-37849">CGP-37849</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CGP-39551" title="CGP-39551">CGP-39551</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CGP-39653&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CGP-39653 (page does not exist)">CGP-39653</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CGP-40116&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CGP-40116 (page does not exist)">CGP-40116</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CGS-19755" class="mw-redirect" title="CGS-19755">CGS-19755</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic acid (page does not exist)">CPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaitocephalin" title="Kaitocephalin">Kaitocephalin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-233053&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-233053 (page does not exist)">LY-233053</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-235959" title="LY-235959">LY-235959</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-274614&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-274614 (page does not exist)">LY-274614</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MDL-100453&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MDL-100453 (page does not exist)">MDL-100453</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midafotel" title="Midafotel">Midafotel (d-CPPene)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NPC-12626&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NPC-12626 (page does not exist)">NPC-12626</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NPC-17742&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NPC-17742 (page does not exist)">NPC-17742</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PBPD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PBPD (page does not exist)">PBPD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PEAQX" title="PEAQX">PEAQX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perzinfotel" title="Perzinfotel">Perzinfotel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cis-1-(phenanthrene-2-carbonyl)piperazine-2,3-dicarboxylic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cis-1-(phenanthrene-2-carbonyl)piperazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid (page does not exist)">PPDA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SDZ-220581&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SDZ-220581 (page does not exist)">SDZ-220581</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selfotel" title="Selfotel">Selfotel</a>; <i>Glycine site antagonists:</i> <a href="/wiki/4-Chlorokynurenine" title="4-Chlorokynurenine">4-Cl-KYN (AV-101)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5,7-Dichlorokynurenic_acid" title="5,7-Dichlorokynurenic acid">5,7-DCKA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7-Chlorokynurenic_acid" title="7-Chlorokynurenic acid">7-CKA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic_acid" title="1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid">ACC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ACEA-1011&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ACEA-1011 (page does not exist)">ACEA-1011</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ACEA-1328&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ACEA-1328 (page does not exist)">ACEA-1328</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apimostinel" title="Apimostinel">Apimostinel (NRX-1074)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AV-101" class="mw-redirect" title="AV-101">AV-101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carisoprodol" title="Carisoprodol">Carisoprodol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CGP-39653&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CGP-39653 (page does not exist)">CGP-39653</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNQX" title="CNQX">CNQX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycloserine" title="Cycloserine"><small>D</small>-Cycloserine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DNQX" title="DNQX">DNQX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felbamate" title="Felbamate">Felbamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gavestinel" title="Gavestinel">Gavestinel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=GV-196771&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GV-196771 (page does not exist)">GV-196771</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harkoseride&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harkoseride (page does not exist)">Harkoseride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kynurenic_acid" title="Kynurenic acid">Kynurenic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kynurenine" title="Kynurenine">Kynurenine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=L-689560&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="L-689560 (page does not exist)">L-689560</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L-701324" title="L-701324">L-701324</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Licostinel" title="Licostinel">Licostinel (ACEA-1021)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LU-73068&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LU-73068 (page does not exist)">LU-73068</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MDL-105519&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MDL-105519 (page does not exist)">MDL-105519</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meprobamate" title="Meprobamate">Meprobamate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MRZ_2/576&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MRZ 2/576 (page does not exist)">MRZ 2/576</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PNQX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PNQX (page does not exist)">PNQX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapastinel" title="Rapastinel">Rapastinel (GLYX-13)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZD-9379" title="ZD-9379">ZD-9379</a>; <i>Polyamine site antagonists:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arcaine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arcaine (page does not exist)">Arcaine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Co_101676&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Co 101676 (page does not exist)">Co 101676</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1,3-Diaminopropane" title="1,3-Diaminopropane">Diaminopropane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diethylenetriamine" title="Diethylenetriamine">Diethylenetriamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huperzine_A" title="Huperzine A">Huperzine A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putrescine" title="Putrescine">Putrescine</a>; <i>Uncompetitive pore blockers (mostly dizocilpine site):</i> <a href="/wiki/2-MDP" title="2-MDP">2-MDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3-HO-PCP" title="3-HO-PCP">3-HO-PCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3-MeO-PCE" title="3-MeO-PCE">3-MeO-PCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3-MeO-PCMo" title="3-MeO-PCMo">3-MeO-PCMo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3-MeO-PCP" title="3-MeO-PCP">3-MeO-PCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-MeO-PCP" title="4-MeO-PCP">4-MeO-PCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8a-Phenyldecahydroquinoline" class="mw-redirect" title="8a-Phenyldecahydroquinoline">8A-PDHQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18-Methoxycoronaridine" title="18-Methoxycoronaridine">18-MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha-Endopsychosin" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha-Endopsychosin">α-Endopsychosin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaproclate" title="Alaproclate">Alaproclate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alazocine" title="Alazocine">Alazocine (SKF-10047)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amantadine" title="Amantadine">Amantadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aptiganel" title="Aptiganel">Aptiganel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Argiotoxin-636&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Argiotoxin-636 (page does not exist)">Argiotoxin-636</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arketamine" title="Arketamine">Arketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ARL-12495&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ARL-12495 (page does not exist)">ARL-12495</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARL-15896-AR" class="mw-redirect" title="ARL-15896-AR">ARL-15896-AR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARL-16247" class="mw-redirect" title="ARL-16247">ARL-16247</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budipine" title="Budipine">Budipine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronaridine" title="Coronaridine">Coronaridine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delucemine" title="Delucemine">Delucemine (NPS-1506)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dexoxadrol" title="Dexoxadrol">Dexoxadrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextrallorphan" title="Dextrallorphan">Dextrallorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextromethadone" class="mw-redirect" title="Dextromethadone">Dextromethadone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextromethorphan" title="Dextromethorphan">Dextromethorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextrorphan" title="Dextrorphan">Dextrorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieticyclidine" title="Dieticyclidine">Dieticyclidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diphenidine" title="Diphenidine">Diphenidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dizocilpine" title="Dizocilpine">Dizocilpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephenidine" title="Ephenidine">Ephenidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esketamine" title="Esketamine">Esketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etoxadrol" title="Etoxadrol">Etoxadrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eticyclidine" title="Eticyclidine">Eticyclidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluorolintane" title="Fluorolintane">Fluorolintane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gacyclidine" title="Gacyclidine">Gacyclidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibogaine" title="Ibogaine">Ibogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibogamine" title="Ibogamine">Ibogamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indantadol" title="Indantadol">Indantadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketamine" title="Ketamine">Ketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketobemidone" title="Ketobemidone">Ketobemidone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanicemine" title="Lanicemine">Lanicemine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levomethadone" title="Levomethadone">Levomethadone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levomethorphan" title="Levomethorphan">Levomethorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levomilnacipran" title="Levomilnacipran">Levomilnacipran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levorphanol" title="Levorphanol">Levorphanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loperamide" title="Loperamide">Loperamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memantine" title="Memantine">Memantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methadone" title="Methadone">Methadone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methorphan" title="Methorphan">Methorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoxetamine" title="Methoxetamine">Methoxetamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoxphenidine" title="Methoxphenidine">Methoxphenidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milnacipran" title="Milnacipran">Milnacipran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morphanol" class="mw-redirect" title="Morphanol">Morphanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NEFA_(drug)" title="NEFA (drug)">NEFA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neramexane" title="Neramexane">Neramexane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitromemantine" title="Nitromemantine">Nitromemantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noribogaine" title="Noribogaine">Noribogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norketamine" title="Norketamine">Norketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphenadrine" title="Orphenadrine">Orphenadrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCPr" title="PCPr">PCPr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PD-137889" title="PD-137889">PD-137889</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pethidine" title="Pethidine">Pethidine (meperidine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phencyclamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Phencyclamine">Phencyclamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phencyclidine" title="Phencyclidine">Phencyclidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propoxyphene" class="mw-redirect" title="Propoxyphene">Propoxyphene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remacemide" title="Remacemide">Remacemide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhynchophylline" title="Rhynchophylline">Rhynchophylline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rimantadine" title="Rimantadine">Rimantadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolicyclidine" title="Rolicyclidine">Rolicyclidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabeluzole" title="Sabeluzole">Sabeluzole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabernanthine" title="Tabernanthine">Tabernanthine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenocyclidine" title="Tenocyclidine">Tenocyclidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiletamine" title="Tiletamine">Tiletamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tramadol" title="Tramadol">Tramadol</a>; <i>Ifenprodil (NR2B) site antagonists:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Besonprodil" title="Besonprodil">Besonprodil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buphenine" title="Buphenine">Buphenine (nylidrin)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CO-101244&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CO-101244 (page does not exist)">CO-101244 (PD-174494)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliprodil" title="Eliprodil">Eliprodil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haloperidol" title="Haloperidol">Haloperidol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoxsuprine" title="Isoxsuprine">Isoxsuprine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Radiprodil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radiprodil (page does not exist)">Radiprodil (RGH-896)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rislenemdaz" title="Rislenemdaz">Rislenemdaz (CERC-301, MK-0657)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ro_8-4304&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ro 8-4304 (page does not exist)">Ro 8-4304</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ro_25-6981&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ro 25-6981 (page does not exist)">Ro 25-6981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safaprodil" class="mw-redirect" title="Safaprodil">Safaprodil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traxoprodil" title="Traxoprodil">Traxoprodil (CP-101606)</a>; <i>NR2A-selective antagonists:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=MPX-004&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MPX-004 (page does not exist)">MPX-004</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPX-007&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MPX-007 (page does not exist)">MPX-007</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TCN-201&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TCN-201 (page does not exist)">TCN-201</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TCN-213&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TCN-213 (page does not exist)">TCN-213</a>; <i>Cations:</i> <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">Hydrogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Magnesium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">Zinc</a>; <i>Alcohols/volatile anesthetics/related:</i> <a href="/wiki/Benzene" title="Benzene">Benzene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butane" title="Butane">Butane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chloroform" title="Chloroform">Chloroform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclopropane" title="Cyclopropane">Cyclopropane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desflurane" title="Desflurane">Desflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diethyl_ether" title="Diethyl ether">Diethyl ether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enflurane" title="Enflurane">Enflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_(drug)" title="Alcohol (drug)">Ethanol (alcohol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halothane" title="Halothane">Halothane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexanol" title="Hexanol">Hexanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoflurane" title="Isoflurane">Isoflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoxyflurane" title="Methoxyflurane">Methoxyflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitrous_oxide" title="Nitrous oxide">Nitrous oxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octanol" title="Octanol">Octanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevoflurane" title="Sevoflurane">Sevoflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toluene" title="Toluene">Toluene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1,1,1-Trichloroethane" title="1,1,1-Trichloroethane">Trichloroethane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2,2,2-Trichloroethanol" title="2,2,2-Trichloroethanol">Trichloroethanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichloroethylene" title="Trichloroethylene">Trichloroethylene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethyl_carbamate" title="Ethyl carbamate">Urethane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xylene" title="Xylene">Xylene</a>; <i>Unknown/unsorted antagonists:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=ARR-15896&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ARR-15896 (page does not exist)">ARR-15896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bumetanide" title="Bumetanide">Bumetanide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroverine" title="Caroverine">Caroverine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conantokin" title="Conantokin">Conantokin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D-%CE%B1-Aminoadipate" class="mw-redirect" title="D-α-Aminoadipate"><small>D</small>-αAA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dexanabinol" title="Dexanabinol">Dexanabinol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flufenamic_acid" title="Flufenamic acid">Flufenamic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flupirtine" title="Flupirtine">Flupirtine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=FPL-12495&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="FPL-12495 (page does not exist)">FPL-12495</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=FR-115427&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="FR-115427 (page does not exist)">FR-115427</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furosemide" title="Furosemide">Furosemide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hodgkinsine" title="Hodgkinsine">Hodgkinsine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ipenoxazone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ipenoxazone (page does not exist)">Ipenoxazone (MLV-6976)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MDL-27266&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MDL-27266 (page does not exist)">MDL-27266</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metaphit" title="Metaphit">Metaphit</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Minocycline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2-Methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine" title="2-Methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine">MPEP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niflumic_acid" title="Niflumic acid">Niflumic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentamidine" title="Pentamidine">Pentamidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentamidine_isethionate" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentamidine isethionate">Pentamidine isethionate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piretanide" title="Piretanide">Piretanide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychotridine" title="Psychotridine">Psychotridine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcrocetin" class="mw-redirect" title="Transcrocetin">Transcrocetin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Saffron" title="Saffron">saffron</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Unsorted:</b> <i>Allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/AGN-241751" class="mw-redirect" title="AGN-241751">AGN-241751</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i><b>See also:</b> <a href="/wiki/Template:Receptor_modulators" title="Template:Receptor modulators">Receptor/signaling modulators</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Template:Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor_modulators" title="Template:Metabotropic glutamate receptor modulators">Metabotropic glutamate receptor modulators</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Template:Glutamate_metabolism_and_transport_modulators" title="Template:Glutamate metabolism and transport modulators">Glutamate metabolism/transport modulators</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor_modulators" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor_modulators" title="Template:Metabotropic glutamate receptor modulators"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor_modulators" title="Template talk:Metabotropic glutamate receptor modulators"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor_modulators" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Metabotropic glutamate receptor modulators"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor_modulators" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor" title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor">Metabotropic glutamate receptor</a> <a href="/wiki/Receptor_modulator" title="Receptor modulator">modulators</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor#Group_I" title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor">Group I</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor_1" title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1"><abbr title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1">mGluR<sub>1</sub></abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Agonists:</b> <a href="/wiki/ACPD" title="ACPD">ACPD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihydroxyphenylglycine" title="Dihydroxyphenylglycine">DHPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glutamate" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutamate">Glutamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibotenic_acid" title="Ibotenic acid">Ibotenic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quisqualic_acid" title="Quisqualic acid">Quisqualic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ro01-6128" title="Ro01-6128">Ro01-6128</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ro67-4853" title="Ro67-4853">Ro67-4853</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ro67-7476&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ro67-7476 (page does not exist)">Ro67-7476</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=VU-71&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="VU-71 (page does not exist)">VU-71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theanine" title="Theanine">Theanine</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Antagonists:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=BAY_36-7620&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BAY 36-7620 (page does not exist)">BAY 36-7620</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CPCCOEt" title="CPCCOEt">CPCCOEt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclothiazide" title="Cyclothiazide">Cyclothiazide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-367,385&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-367,385 (page does not exist)">LY-367,385</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-456,236&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-456,236 (page does not exist)">LY-456,236</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MCPG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MCPG (page does not exist)">MCPG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NPS-2390&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NPS-2390 (page does not exist)">NPS-2390</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor_5" title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5"><abbr title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5">mGluR<sub>5</sub></abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Agonists:</b> <a href="/wiki/ACPD" title="ACPD">ACPD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADX-47273" title="ADX-47273">ADX-47273</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CDPPB" title="CDPPB">CDPPB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorohydroxyphenylglycine" title="Chlorohydroxyphenylglycine">CHPG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1-(3-fluorophenyl)-N-((3-fluorophenyl)methylideneamino)methanimine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1-(3-fluorophenyl)-N-((3-fluorophenyl)methylideneamino)methanimine (page does not exist)">DFB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihydroxyphenylglycine" title="Dihydroxyphenylglycine">DHPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glutamate" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutamate">Glutamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibotenic_acid" title="Ibotenic acid">Ibotenic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quisqualic_acid" title="Quisqualic acid">Quisqualic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=VU-1545&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="VU-1545 (page does not exist)">VU-1545</a>; <i>Positive allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/LSN2463359" title="LSN2463359">LSN2463359</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Antagonists:</b> <a href="/wiki/CTEP" title="CTEP">CTEP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DMeOB" title="DMeOB">DMeOB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-344,545" class="mw-redirect" title="LY-344,545">LY-344,545</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mavoglurant" title="Mavoglurant">Mavoglurant</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MCPG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MCPG (page does not exist)">MCPG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NPS-2390&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NPS-2390 (page does not exist)">NPS-2390</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remeglurant" title="Remeglurant">Remeglurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIB-1757" title="SIB-1757">SIB-1757</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIB-1893" title="SIB-1893">SIB-1893</a>; <i>Negative allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/AZD9272" title="AZD9272">AZD9272</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basimglurant" title="Basimglurant">Basimglurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dipraglurant" title="Dipraglurant">Dipraglurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenobam" title="Fenobam">Fenobam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRN-529" title="GRN-529">GRN-529</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2-Methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine" title="2-Methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine">MPEP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTEP" title="MTEP">MTEP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raseglurant" title="Raseglurant">Raseglurant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor#Group_II_&_Group_III" title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor">Group II</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor_2" title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor 2"><abbr title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor 2">mGluR<sub>2</sub></abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Metabotropic glutamate receptor 2</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Agonists:</b> <a href="/wiki/Biphenylindanone_A" title="Biphenylindanone A">BINA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBiPES" title="CBiPES">CBiPES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DCG-IV" title="DCG-IV">DCG-IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eglumegad" class="mw-redirect" title="Eglumegad">Eglumegad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glutamate" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutamate">Glutamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibotenic_acid" title="Ibotenic acid">Ibotenic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-379,268" title="LY-379,268">LY-379,268</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-404,039" class="mw-redirect" title="LY-404,039">LY-404,039 (pomaglumetad)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-487,379" title="LY-487,379">LY-487,379</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-566,332&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-566,332 (page does not exist)">LY-566,332</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MGS-0028&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MGS-0028 (page does not exist)">MGS-0028</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pomaglumetad_methionil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pomaglumetad methionil (page does not exist)">Pomaglumetad methionil (LY-2140023)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talaglumetad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Talaglumetad (page does not exist)">Talaglumetad</a>; <i>Positive allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/JNJ-40411813" class="mw-redirect" title="JNJ-40411813">JNJ-40411813 (ADX-71149)</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Antagonists:</b> <a href="/wiki/1-Amino-5-phosphonoindan-1-carboxylic_acid" title="1-Amino-5-phosphonoindan-1-carboxylic acid">APICA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CECXG" title="CECXG">CECXG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EGLU" title="EGLU">EGLU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HYDIA" title="HYDIA">HYDIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-307,452" title="LY-307,452">LY-307,452</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-341,495" class="mw-redirect" title="LY-341,495">LY-341,495</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MCPG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MCPG (page does not exist)">MCPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MGS-0039" title="MGS-0039">MGS-0039</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCCG-4" title="PCCG-4">PCCG-4</a>; <i>Negative allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/Decoglurant" title="Decoglurant">Decoglurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RO4491533" title="RO4491533">RO4491533</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor_3" title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor 3"><abbr title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor 3">mGluR<sub>3</sub></abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Metabotropic glutamate receptor 3</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Agonists:</b> <a href="/wiki/CBiPES" title="CBiPES">CBiPES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DCG-IV" title="DCG-IV">DCG-IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eglumegad" class="mw-redirect" title="Eglumegad">Eglumegad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glutamate" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutamate">Glutamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibotenic_acid" title="Ibotenic acid">Ibotenic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-379,268" title="LY-379,268">LY-379,268</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-404,039" class="mw-redirect" title="LY-404,039">LY-404,039 (pomaglumetad)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-487,379" title="LY-487,379">LY-487,379</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MGS-0028&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MGS-0028 (page does not exist)">MGS-0028</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pomaglumetad_methionil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pomaglumetad methionil (page does not exist)">Pomaglumetad methionil (LY-2140023)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talaglumetad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Talaglumetad (page does not exist)">Talaglumetad</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Antagonists:</b> <a href="/wiki/1-Amino-5-phosphonoindan-1-carboxylic_acid" title="1-Amino-5-phosphonoindan-1-carboxylic acid">APICA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CECXG" title="CECXG">CECXG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EGLU" title="EGLU">EGLU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HYDIA" title="HYDIA">HYDIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-307,452" title="LY-307,452">LY-307,452</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-341,495" class="mw-redirect" title="LY-341,495">LY-341,495</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MCPG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MCPG (page does not exist)">MCPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MGS-0039" title="MGS-0039">MGS-0039</a>; <i>Negative allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/Decoglurant" title="Decoglurant">Decoglurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RO4491533" title="RO4491533">RO4491533</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor#Group_II_&_Group_III" title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor">Group III</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor_4" title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4"><abbr title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4">mGluR<sub>4</sub></abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Agonists:</b> <a href="/wiki/Glutamate" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutamate">Glutamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L-AP4" title="L-AP4"><small>L</small>-AP4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LSP2-9166" title="LSP2-9166">LSP2-9166</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PHCCC" title="PHCCC">PHCCC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=VU-001,171&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="VU-001,171 (page does not exist)">VU-001,171</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=VU-0155,041&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="VU-0155,041 (page does not exist)">VU-0155,041</a>; <i>Positive allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/Foliglurax" title="Foliglurax">Foliglurax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2-Methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine" title="2-Methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine">MPEP</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Antagonists:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=CPPG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CPPG (page does not exist)">CPPG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MAP4_(drug)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MAP4 (drug) (page does not exist)">MAP4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpha-methyl-4-phosphonophenylglycine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alpha-methyl-4-phosphonophenylglycine (page does not exist)">MPPG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MSOP_(drug)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MSOP (drug) (page does not exist)">MSOP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MTPG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MTPG (page does not exist)">MTPG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=UBP-1112&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UBP-1112 (page does not exist)">UBP-1112</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor_6" title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor 6"><abbr title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor 6">mGluR<sub>6</sub></abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Metabotropic glutamate receptor 6</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Agonists:</b> <a href="/wiki/Glutamate" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutamate">Glutamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L-AP4" title="L-AP4"><small>L</small>-AP4</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Antagonists:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=CPPG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CPPG (page does not exist)">CPPG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MAP4_(drug)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MAP4 (drug) (page does not exist)">MAP4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpha-methyl-4-phosphonophenylglycine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alpha-methyl-4-phosphonophenylglycine (page does not exist)">MPPG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MSOP_(drug)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MSOP (drug) (page does not exist)">MSOP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MTPG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MTPG (page does not exist)">MTPG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=UBP-1112&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UBP-1112 (page does not exist)">UBP-1112</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor_7" title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor 7"><abbr title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor 7">mGluR<sub>7</sub></abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Metabotropic glutamate receptor 7</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Agonists:</b> <a href="/wiki/AMN082" title="AMN082">AMN082</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glutamate" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutamate">Glutamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L-AP4" title="L-AP4"><small>L</small>-AP4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LSP2-9166" title="LSP2-9166">LSP2-9166</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Antagonists:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=CPPG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CPPG (page does not exist)">CPPG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MAP4_(drug)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MAP4 (drug) (page does not exist)">MAP4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MMPIP" title="MMPIP">MMPIP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpha-methyl-4-phosphonophenylglycine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alpha-methyl-4-phosphonophenylglycine (page does not exist)">MPPG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MSOP_(drug)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MSOP (drug) (page does not exist)">MSOP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MTPG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MTPG (page does not exist)">MTPG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=UBP-1112&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UBP-1112 (page does not exist)">UBP-1112</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XAP044" title="XAP044">XAP044</a>; <i>Negative allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/ADX71743" title="ADX71743">ADX71743</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor_8" title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8"><abbr title="Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8">mGluR<sub>8</sub></abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Agonists:</b> <a href="/wiki/DCPG" title="DCPG">DCPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glutamate" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutamate">Glutamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L-AP4" title="L-AP4"><small>L</small>-AP4</a>; <i>Positive allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/AZ12216052" title="AZ12216052">AZ12216052</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Antagonists:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=CPPG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CPPG (page does not exist)">CPPG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MAP4_(drug)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MAP4 (drug) (page does not exist)">MAP4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpha-methyl-4-phosphonophenylglycine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alpha-methyl-4-phosphonophenylglycine (page does not exist)">MPPG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MSOP_(drug)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MSOP (drug) (page does not exist)">MSOP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MTPG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MTPG (page does not exist)">MTPG</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=UBP-1112&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UBP-1112 (page does not exist)">UBP-1112</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i><b>See also:</b> <a href="/wiki/Template:Receptor_modulators" title="Template:Receptor modulators">Receptor/signaling modulators</a> • <a href="/wiki/Template:Ionotropic_glutamate_receptor_modulators" title="Template:Ionotropic glutamate receptor modulators">Ionotropic glutamate receptor modulators</a> • <a href="/wiki/Template:Glutamate_metabolism_and_transport_modulators" title="Template:Glutamate metabolism and transport modulators">Glutamate metabolism/transport modulators</a></i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portal</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/WHO_Rod.svg/8px-WHO_Rod.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/WHO_Rod.svg/12px-WHO_Rod.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/WHO_Rod.svg/16px-WHO_Rod.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="107" data-file-height="250" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Medicine" title="Portal:Medicine">Medicine</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415336#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415336#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415336#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Minocyclin"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4139971-7">Germany</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11932360n">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11932360n">BnF data</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Minocycline"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027237850">IdRef</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Minocycline"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/040741443">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&oldid=1256727461">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&oldid=1256727461</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Anti-acne_preparations" title="Category:Anti-acne preparations">Anti-acne preparations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Anti-inflammatory_agents" title="Category:Anti-inflammatory agents">Anti-inflammatory agents</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hepatotoxins" title="Category:Hepatotoxins">Hepatotoxins</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Neuroprotective_agents" title="Category:Neuroprotective agents">Neuroprotective agents</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:NMDA_receptor_antagonists" title="Category:NMDA receptor antagonists">NMDA receptor antagonists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:PARP_inhibitors" title="Category:PARP inhibitors">PARP inhibitors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Drugs_developed_by_Pfizer" title="Category:Drugs developed by Pfizer">Drugs developed by Pfizer</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tetracycline_antibiotics" title="Category:Tetracycline antibiotics">Tetracycline antibiotics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Triketones" title="Category:Triketones">Triketones</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Disease-modifying_antirheumatic_drugs" title="Category:Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs">Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Drugs_developed_by_Wyeth" title="Category:Drugs developed by Wyeth">Drugs developed by Wyeth</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_overridden_setting" title="Category:CS1 maint: overridden setting">CS1 maint: overridden setting</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_August_2021" title="Category:Use dmy dates from August 2021">Use dmy dates from August 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_changed_DrugBank_identifier" title="Category:Articles with changed DrugBank identifier">Articles with changed DrugBank identifier</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_changed_EBI_identifier" title="Category:Articles with changed EBI identifier">Articles with changed EBI identifier</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:ECHA_InfoCard_ID_from_Wikidata" title="Category:ECHA InfoCard ID from Wikidata">ECHA InfoCard ID from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Drugboxes_which_contain_changes_to_verified_fields" title="Category:Drugboxes which contain changes to verified fields">Drugboxes which contain changes to verified fields</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Drugboxes_which_contain_changes_to_watched_fields" title="Category:Drugboxes which contain changes to watched fields">Drugboxes which contain changes to watched fields</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_May_2021" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from May 2021">Articles with unsourced statements from May 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_medicine_articles_ready_to_translate" title="Category:Wikipedia medicine articles ready to translate">Wikipedia medicine articles ready to translate</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 11 November 2024, at 08:26<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Minocycline&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-78f4c97c5d-rpx9d","wgBackendResponseTime":170,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.202","walltime":"1.455","ppvisitednodes":{"value":11998,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":593609,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":62790,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":19,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":7,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":386380,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1152.424 1 -total"," 40.52% 467.016 1 Template:Reflist"," 28.42% 327.484 1 Template:Infobox_drug"," 23.78% 274.038 1 Template:Infobox"," 21.01% 242.106 54 Template:Cite_journal"," 16.57% 190.954 18 Template:Navbox"," 9.74% 112.269 16 Template:Cite_web"," 7.43% 85.637 17 Template:Unbulleted_list"," 5.59% 64.409 1 Template:Stomatological_preparations"," 4.58% 52.766 1 Template:Short_description"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.639","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":9936263,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-58cc965476-z9nwg","timestamp":"20241129034241","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Minocycline","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Minocycline","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q415336","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q415336","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-06-19T03:37:19Z","dateModified":"2024-11-11T08:26:51Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e9\/Minocycline.svg","headline":"chemical compound"}</script> </body> </html>