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Available in 9 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-9" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">9 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_S%C3%A1nchez_de_Bustamante_y_Sirv%C3%A9n" title="Antonio Sánchez de Bustamante y Sirvén – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Antonio Sánchez de Bustamante y Sirvén" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_S%C3%A1nchez_de_Bustamante_y_Sirv%C3%A9n" title="Antonio Sánchez de Bustamante y Sirvén – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Antonio Sánchez de Bustamante y Sirvén" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94" title="ანტონიო ბუსტამანტე – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ანტონიო ბუსტამანტე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%89_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1%DA%A4%D9%8A%D9%86" title="انتونيو سانتشيز د بوستامانت واى سيرڤين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="انتونيو سانتشيز د بوستامانت واى سيرڤين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_S%C3%A1nchez_de_Bustamante_y_Sirv%C3%A9n" title="Antonio Sánchez de Bustamante y Sirvén – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Antonio Sánchez de Bustamante y Sirvén" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5,_%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE" title="Бустаманте, Антонио – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бустаманте, Антонио" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_S%C3%A1nchez_de_Bustamante_y_Sirv%C3%A9n" title="Antonio Sánchez de Bustamante y Sirvén – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Antonio Sánchez de Bustamante y Sirvén" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_S%C3%A1nchez_de_Bustamante_y_Sirv%C3%A9n" title="Antonio Sánchez de Bustamante y Sirvén – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Antonio Sánchez de Bustamante y Sirvén" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BE_%D0%91%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Антоніо Бустаманте – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Антоніо Бустаманте" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q436585#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Cuban judge (1865–1951)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Spanish_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish name">Spanish name</a>, the first or paternal <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">surname</a> is <i> Sánchez de Bustamante</i> and the second or maternal family name is <i> Sirven</i>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Antonio Sanchez de Bustamante Sirven</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Antonio_Sanchez_de_Bustamante_about_1922.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Antonio_Sanchez_de_Bustamante_about_1922.jpg/220px-Antonio_Sanchez_de_Bustamante_about_1922.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Antonio_Sanchez_de_Bustamante_about_1922.jpg/330px-Antonio_Sanchez_de_Bustamante_about_1922.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Antonio_Sanchez_de_Bustamante_about_1922.jpg 2x" data-file-width="393" data-file-height="589" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Taken about 1922 in his robes as justice of the Permanent Court of International Justice at The Hague.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1865-04-13</span>)</span>13 April 1865<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Cuba" title="Captaincy General of Cuba">Spanish Cuba</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">24 August 1951<span style="display:none">(1951-08-24)</span> (aged 86)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">Havana, <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Cubans" title="Cubans">Cuban</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belen_Jesuit_Preparatory_School" title="Belen Jesuit Preparatory School">Colegio de Belén</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Havana" title="University of Havana">University of Havana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Complutense_University_of_Madrid" title="Complutense University of Madrid">University of Madrid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Havana" title="University of Havana">University of Havana</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">DPhil</a>), 1884</small></li> <li>Instituto Cardenal Cisneros</li></ul> </div><hr /><b>Philosophy career</b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Era</th><td class="infobox-data category">?</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Region</th><td class="infobox-data category">?</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Thesis" title="Thesis">Thesis</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Hf1oSgAACAAJ"><i><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Derecho Internacional Público</i></span> (International Law)</i></a> (1937)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Doctoral_advisor" title="Doctoral advisor">Doctoral advisor</a></th><td class="infobox-data">?</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other academic advisors</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%3F" class="mw-redirect" title="?">?</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%3F" class="extiw" title="es:?">es</a>]</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Notable students</th><td class="infobox-data">?</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Lawyer</li><li>jurist</li><li>politician</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1885–1951</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employer</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Court_of_Arbitration" title="Permanent Court of Arbitration">Permanent Court of Arbitration</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bustamante_Code" title="Bustamante Code">Bustamante Code</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Title</th><td class="infobox-data title"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>President of the Central Board of Charities<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWood190370_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWood190370-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Professor of Public and Private Law in the University of Havana, 1908<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeltie19091326_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeltie19091326-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Founder of the Cuban Association of International Law</li> <li>Founder- and vice-president of the International Academy of International and Comparative Law, 1923</li> <li>First president of the National Academy of Arts and Letters, 1942-1951</li> <li>President of the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Academies_of_the_Spanish_Language" title="Association of Academies of the Spanish Language">Cuban Academy of the Spanish Language</a>, 1942-1951</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Isabel Pulido Pages</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1885; died 1951)<wbr /></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Juan Manuel Sánchez de Bustamante y García del Barrio</li> <li>Dolores Sirvén y Borras</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_Carlos_Manuel_de_C%C3%A9spedes_-_Grand_Cross_(Cuba)_-_ribbon_bar_v._1926.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Grand Cross of the Order of Carlos Manuel de Céspedes (Cuba)"><img alt="Grand Cross of the Order of Carlos Manuel de Céspedes (Cuba)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Order_of_Carlos_Manuel_de_C%C3%A9spedes_-_Grand_Cross_%28Cuba%29_-_ribbon_bar_v._1926.png/40px-Order_of_Carlos_Manuel_de_C%C3%A9spedes_-_Grand_Cross_%28Cuba%29_-_ribbon_bar_v._1926.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Order_of_Carlos_Manuel_de_C%C3%A9spedes_-_Grand_Cross_%28Cuba%29_-_ribbon_bar_v._1926.png/60px-Order_of_Carlos_Manuel_de_C%C3%A9spedes_-_Grand_Cross_%28Cuba%29_-_ribbon_bar_v._1926.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Order_of_Carlos_Manuel_de_C%C3%A9spedes_-_Grand_Cross_%28Cuba%29_-_ribbon_bar_v._1926.png/80px-Order_of_Carlos_Manuel_de_C%C3%A9spedes_-_Grand_Cross_%28Cuba%29_-_ribbon_bar_v._1926.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Antonio Sánchez de Bustamante y Sirven</b> (13 April 1865 – 24 August 1951) was a <a href="/wiki/Cubans" title="Cubans">Cuban</a> lawyer, educator, politician and international jurist. He promoted the existence of a common <a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">American</a> regulation for <a href="/wiki/Conflict_of_laws" title="Conflict of laws">private international law</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For this reason, the sixth <a href="/wiki/Pan-American_Conference" title="Pan-American Conference">Pan-American Congress</a> took place in Cuba in 1928, in the final document, the <a href="/wiki/Bustamante_Code" title="Bustamante Code">Treaty of Havana</a> is attached in the annex of the Code of Private International Law. </p><p>He was appointed in 1908 member of the <a href="/wiki/Permanent_Court_of_Arbitration" title="Permanent Court of Arbitration">Permanent Court of Arbitration</a> of <a href="/wiki/The_Hague" title="The Hague">The Hague</a> and in 1921 he was appointed judge of the <a href="/wiki/Permanent_Court_of_International_Justice" title="Permanent Court of International Justice">Permanent Court of International Justice</a> established by the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations" title="League of Nations">League of Nations</a>. He was also the first president of the National Academy of Arts and Letters of Cuba. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_and_career">Life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_S%C3%A1nchez_de_Bustamante_y_Sirven&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_S%C3%A1nchez_de_Bustamante_y_Sirven&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Antonio Sanchez de Bustamante was born in <a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> on 13 April 1865. Bustamante married Isabel Pulido Pages, the daughter of a prominent Havana physician, in 1885. They had three sons, Gustavo and Antonio Arturo Sánchez de Bustamante Pulido, both prominent attorneys, and a third son, Dario, who died while still a law student. One of Bustamante's grandsons, Antonio Sanchez de Bustamante Montoro, was also a lawyer and a professor of Philosophy of Law at the University of Havana. Bustamante's law firm was located at Calle Aguacate #502 in Old Havana since 1884. For almost a century represented powerful business interests in Cuba. He completed his elementary and secondary studies in <a href="/wiki/Belen_Jesuit_Preparatory_School" title="Belen Jesuit Preparatory School">Colegio de Belén</a> of the Society of Jesus in Havana, and in the Instituto Cardenal Cisneros in Madrid. His father, Juan Manuel Sánchez de Bustamante y García del Barrio, was a physician in Havana and professor of descriptive anatomy at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Havana" title="University of Havana">University of Havana</a>. Bustamante started his studies of law at the <a href="/wiki/Complutense_University_of_Madrid" title="Complutense University of Madrid">Central University of Madrid</a> while his father served as <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Spain" title="Senate of Spain">senator</a> in the Spanish <a href="/wiki/Cortes_Generales" title="Cortes Generales">Cortes</a>. Bustamante returned to Cuba and completed his degree of licentiate of civil and canon law at the University of Havana in 1884. A year later he completed a doctoral dissertation about the historical evolution of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Council_of_State" title="Spanish Council of State">Council of State</a> at the University of Havana. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Law_professor">Law professor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_S%C3%A1nchez_de_Bustamante_y_Sirven&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Law professor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bustamante competed for and obtained the chair of Public and Private International Law of the University of Havana in 1891. He held that chair until his June 1951, confirmed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Military_Government_in_Cuba" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Military Government in Cuba">U.S. Governor</a> in 1899 and by the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Cuba_(1902%E2%80%931959)" title="Republic of Cuba (1902–1959)">Cuban Republic</a> after 1902. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politician">Politician</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_S%C3%A1nchez_de_Bustamante_y_Sirven&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Politician"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He served in the Cuban Senate representing in different terms the provinces of <a href="/wiki/Pinar_del_R%C3%ADo_Province" title="Pinar del Río Province">Pinar del Río</a> and <a href="/wiki/La_Habana_Province" title="La Habana Province">Havana</a> from 1902 to 1916.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShabas2017189_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShabas2017189-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From that position, Bustamante chaired in several congressional periods the Senate Committee on Justice and Codes, and was a member of the Committee of Foreign Relations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShabas2017189_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShabas2017189-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the author of the first Cuban law regulating the procedures of constitutional judicial review passed by Congress in 1903 and in force until 1949, with amendments in 1922 and 1935. Bustamante supported progressive bills of the time like the divorce bill of 1914. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leader_of_the_Havana_lawyers">Leader of the Havana lawyers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_S%C3%A1nchez_de_Bustamante_y_Sirven&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Leader of the Havana lawyers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 1913 through 1923, Bustamante was the dean of the <a href="/wiki/Havana_Bar_Association" title="Havana Bar Association">Havana Bar Association</a>. From that position he organized the first National Legal Conference in December 1916. The conference was designed to promote the revision and update of the entire legal system, replacing the Spanish laws by modern legislation that responded to Cuban realities.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKadner199932_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKadner199932-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="National_and_international_academies">National and international academies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_S%C3%A1nchez_de_Bustamante_y_Sirven&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: National and international academies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bustamante was the first president of the National Academy of Arts and Letters established by the Cuban republic in 1910. He was also one of the founding members of the Cuban Academy of the Spanish Language. From 1942 until his death in 1951 he was the President of it. Bustamante was also the founder and president of the Cuban Association of International Law, and founder, vice-president and President of the International Academy of International and Comparative Law of The Hague. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Constitutional_Convention_of_1928">Constitutional Convention of 1928</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_S%C3%A1nchez_de_Bustamante_y_Sirven&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Constitutional Convention of 1928"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1928, he presided over the Constitutional Convention that amended the Constitution of 1901 and permitted President Gerardo Machado to serve a second term in office without elections. Although the political opposition to Machado and to the constitutional reform of 1928 was limited before 1930, after Machado was overthrown in August 1933, Bustamante was subject to a political trial by revolutionary <a href="/wiki/Tribunal" title="Tribunal">tribunal</a> organized by university students and stripped of his chair in the Havana Law School. In 1936, he was reinstated to it. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_work">International work</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_S%C3%A1nchez_de_Bustamante_y_Sirven&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: International work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was the foremost Cuban authority on <a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">international law</a> through his death.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBernard1931339–340_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBernard1931339–340-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bustamante participated as Cuban delegated in the II Peace Conference of The Hague in 1907, and a year later was appointed judge of the Arbitration Court of The Hague. In 1919, he was the Cuban diplomatic representative to the Peace Conference in Paris. In 1921, he was elected by the League of Nations as judge to the Permanent Court of International Justice, and reelected in 1930 for a second term that must have expired in 1942. Bustamante was one of the founders, vice-president, and later president of the Academy of International and Comparative Law of The Hague in 1923. He authored of the Code of Private International Law, <a href="/wiki/Bustamante_Code" title="Bustamante Code">Bustamante Code</a>, approved by most Latin American states in the VI International Conference of Havana (1928), which he presided. </p><p>For his code, President Gerardo Machado granted him the Cross of the National Order of Carlos Manuel de Cespedes, the highest decoration of the Cuban republic. Bustamante was awarded honorary doctorates in La Sorbonne, Columbia University, and the Universidad de San Marcos de Lima among others. Bustamante presided over and participated in the II and III International Congress of Comparative Law held in 1935 and 1937. He was nominated in 1949 by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nefali_Ponce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nefali Ponce (page does not exist)">Nefali Ponce</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign Minister">Foreign Minister</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_S%C3%A1nchez_de_Bustamante_y_Sirven&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWood190370-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWood190370_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWood1903">Wood 1903</a>, p. 70.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeltie19091326-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeltie19091326_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKeltie1909">Keltie 1909</a>, p. 1326.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSchoenrich1951" class="citation journal cs1">Schoenrich, Otto (1951). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-journal-of-international-law/article/abs/dr-antonio-sanchez-de-bustamante/C3E9EA04944157C402DD15335FDDEE18">"Dr. Antonio Sánchez de Bustamante"</a>. <i>American Journal of International Law</i>. <b>45</b> (4): 746–749. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0002930000090187">10.1017/S0002930000090187</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0002-9300">0002-9300</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+International+Law&rft.atitle=Dr.+Antonio+S%C3%A1nchez+de+Bustamante&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=746-749&rft.date=1951&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0002930000090187&rft.issn=0002-9300&rft.aulast=Schoenrich&rft.aufirst=Otto&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fjournals%2Famerican-journal-of-international-law%2Farticle%2Fabs%2Fdr-antonio-sanchez-de-bustamante%2FC3E9EA04944157C402DD15335FDDEE18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntonio+S%C3%A1nchez+de+Bustamante+y+Sirven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShabas2017189-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShabas2017189_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShabas2017189_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShabas2017">Shabas 2017</a>, p. 189.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKadner199932-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKadner199932_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKadner1999">Kadner 1999</a>, p. 32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBernard1931339–340-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBernard1931339–340_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBernard1931">Bernard 1931</a>, pp. 339–340.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_S%C3%A1nchez_de_Bustamante_y_Sirven&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBernard1931" class="citation journal cs1">Bernard, L. L. (1 January 1931). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_lawreview/vol16/iss4/18/">"St. Louis Law Review"</a>. <i>Washington University Law Review</i>. <b>16</b> (4): 339–340. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2166-7993">2166-7993</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+University+Law+Review&rft.atitle=St.+Louis+Law+Review&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=339-340&rft.date=1931-01-01&rft.issn=2166-7993&rft.aulast=Bernard&rft.aufirst=L.+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenscholarship.wustl.edu%2Flaw_lawreview%2Fvol16%2Fiss4%2F18%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntonio+S%C3%A1nchez+de+Bustamante+y+Sirven" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKadner1999" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kadner, Daniel (1999). <i>Das internationale Privatrecht von Ecuador</i> [<i>The international private law of Ecuador</i>] (in German). Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-16-147229-2" title="Special:BookSources/3-16-147229-2"><bdi>3-16-147229-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Das+internationale+Privatrecht+von+Ecuador&rft.place=T%C3%BCbingen&rft.pub=Mohr+Siebeck&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=3-16-147229-2&rft.aulast=Kadner&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntonio+S%C3%A1nchez+de+Bustamante+y+Sirven" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeltie1909" class="citation book cs1">Keltie, John Scott (1909). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mkfODQAAQBAJ"><i>The Statesman's Year-Book</i></a> (46 ed.). London: Macmillan & Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-230-27038-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-230-27038-1"><bdi>978-0-230-27038-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Statesman%27s+Year-Book&rft.place=London&rft.edition=46&rft.pub=Macmillan+%26+Co.&rft.date=1909&rft.isbn=978-0-230-27038-1&rft.aulast=Keltie&rft.aufirst=John+Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmkfODQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntonio+S%C3%A1nchez+de+Bustamante+y+Sirven" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShabas2017" class="citation book cs1">Shabas, William A. (2017). <i>Research Handbook on International Courts and Tribunals</i>. Cheltenham, UK. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78100-501-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78100-501-9"><bdi>978-1-78100-501-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Research+Handbook+on+International+Courts+and+Tribunals&rft.place=Cheltenham%2C+UK&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-78100-501-9&rft.aulast=Shabas&rft.aufirst=William+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntonio+S%C3%A1nchez+de+Bustamante+y+Sirven" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li> <li><i>Anuario Social de La Habana 1939</i>, (Luz-Hilo, S.A.) <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></li> <li><i>New York Times</i>; Dr. de Bustamante, Noted Jurist, Dead; 26 August 1951, Page 77.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>; Milestones; 3 September 1951.</li> <li><i>Time</i>; The League of Nations: Mutt & Jeff, Queen Bee; 29 September 1930.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWood1903" class="citation book cs1">Wood, Leonard (1903). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jAcDAAAAYAAJ"><i>Civil Report of the Military Governor of Cuba</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Civil+Report+of+the+Military+Governor+of+Cuba&rft.date=1903&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Leonard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjAcDAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntonio+S%C3%A1nchez+de+Bustamante+y+Sirven" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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