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class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_modern_age" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_modern_age"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Early modern age</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_modern_age-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nazi_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nazi_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Nazi period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nazi_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Main_sights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_sights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Main sights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Main_sights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transportation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Railways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Railways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Railways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Railways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Public Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports_clubs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports_clubs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sports clubs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports_clubs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Famous_citizens" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Famous_citizens"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Famous citizens</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Famous_citizens-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Related_pages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_pages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Related pages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Related_pages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_websites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_websites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Other websites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_websites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Nuremberg</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 126 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-126" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">126 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurenberg" title="Neurenberg – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Neurenberg" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%91%E1%88%A8%E1%88%9D%E1%89%A0%E1%88%AD%E1%8C%8D" title="ኑረምበርግ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኑረምበርግ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%BA" title="نورنبرغ – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نورنبرغ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Nuremberg" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%AB%D6%82%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%BA%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AF" title="Նիւրնպերկ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Նիւրնպերկ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BAremberg" title="Núremberg – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Núremberg" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberq" title="Nürnberq – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Nürnberq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%82" title="نورنبرق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="نورنبرق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97" title="নুরেমবার্গ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নুরেমবার্গ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Нюрнберг – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нюрнберг" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Нюрнбэрг – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нюрнбэрг" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Нюрнберг – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нюрнберг" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niamberg" title="Niamberg – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Niamberg" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nuremberg" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Нюрнберг – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Нюрнберг" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg_(munisipyo)" title="Nürnberg (munisipyo) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Nürnberg (munisipyo)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norimberk" title="Norimberk – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Norimberk" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Nuremberg" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B2%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B7" title="Νυρεμβέργη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νυρεμβέργη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Nuremberg" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BAremberg" title="Núremberg – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Núremberg" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nurenbergo" title="Nurenbergo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nurenbergo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Nuremberg" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nurenberg" title="Nurenberg – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Nurenberg" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF" title="نورنبرگ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نورنبرگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nuremberg" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurenberch" title="Neurenberch – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Neurenberch" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%89%98%EB%A5%B8%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC" title="뉘른베르크 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="뉘른베르크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Nuremberg" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A3" title="Նյուրնբերգ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նյուրնբերգ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97" title="न्यूरेम्बर्ग – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="न्यूरेम्बर्ग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Nuremberg" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Нюрнберг – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Нюрнберг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norimberga" title="Norimberga – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Norimberga" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%92" title="נירנברג – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נירנברג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D" title="ನ್ಯುರೆಂಬರ್ಗ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ನ್ಯುರೆಂಬರ್ಗ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Nuremberg" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%98" title="ნიურნბერგი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნიურნბერგი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Нюрнберг – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Нюрнберг" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Нюрнберг – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Нюрнберг" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norimberga" title="Norimberga – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Norimberga" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirnberga" title="Nirnberga – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Nirnberga" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niurnbergas" title="Niurnbergas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Niurnbergas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norimb%C3%A8rga" title="Norimbèrga – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Norimbèrga" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Нирнберг – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Нирнберг" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D" title="ന്യൂറംബർഗ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ന്യൂറംബർഗ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97" title="न्युर्नबर्ग – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="न्युर्नबर्ग" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AC" title="نورنبرج – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نورنبرج" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Nuremberg" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Нюрнберг – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Нюрнберг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurenberg" title="Neurenberg – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Neurenberg" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%AB%E3%83%B3%E3%83%99%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AF" title="ニュルンベルク – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ニュルンベルク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Нуьрнберг – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Нуьрнберг" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremb%C3%A8rg" title="Nurembèrg – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Nurembèrg" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyurnberg" title="Nyurnberg – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Nyurnberg" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF" title="نیورمبرگ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نیورمبرگ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norimberga" title="Norimberga – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Norimberga" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnbarg" title="Nürnbarg – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Nürnbarg" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norymberga" title="Norymberga – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Norymberga" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberga" title="Nuremberga – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nuremberga" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyurnberg" title="Nyurnberg – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Nyurnberg" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Нюрнберг – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нюрнберг" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norimberga" title="Norimberga – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Norimberga" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Nuremberg" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyr%C3%ABmberg" title="Nyrëmberg – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Nyrëmberg" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF" title="نورمبرگ – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="نورمبرگ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norimberg" title="Norimberg – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Norimberg" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8E%D8%B1%DA%AF" title="نۆریمبێرگ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="نۆریمبێرگ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Нирнберг – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Нирнберг" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Nuremberg" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D" title="நியூரம்பெர்க் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நியூரம்பெர்க்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%84" title="เนือร์นแบร์ค – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เนือร์นแบร์ค" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Нюрнберг – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Нюрнберг" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Нюрнберг – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нюрнберг" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF" title="نورنبرگ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نورنبرگ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyurnb%C3%A9rg" title="Nyurnbérg – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="Nyurnbérg" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Nuremberg" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%BD%E4%BC%A6%E5%A0%A1" title="纽伦堡 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="纽伦堡" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%92" title="נירנבערג – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="נירנבערג" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%90%E5%80%AB%E5%A0%A1" title="紐倫堡 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="紐倫堡" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Nürnberg – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Nürnberg" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%BD%E4%BC%A6%E5%A0%A1" title="纽伦堡 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="纽伦堡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2090#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Change links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9430902">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Nuremberg&params=49_27_N_11_5_E_type:city(523026)_region:DE-BY"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">49°27′N</span> <span class="longitude">11°5′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">49.450°N 11.083°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">49.450; 11.083</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10098372">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8087930">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org"><span class="wrap">Nuremberg </span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Germany_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Germany by population">City</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9530278">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_N%C3%BCrnberg.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Nuremberg"><img alt="Flag of Nuremberg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flagge_N%C3%BCrnberg.svg/100px-Flagge_N%C3%BCrnberg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flagge_N%C3%BCrnberg.svg/150px-Flagge_N%C3%BCrnberg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flagge_N%C3%BCrnberg.svg/200px-Flagge_N%C3%BCrnberg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="488" data-file-height="289" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DEU_N%C3%BCrnberg_COA_(klein).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Nuremberg"><img alt="Coat of arms of Nuremberg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/DEU_N%C3%BCrnberg_COA_%28klein%29.svg/71px-DEU_N%C3%BCrnberg_COA_%28klein%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="71" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/DEU_N%C3%BCrnberg_COA_%28klein%29.svg/107px-DEU_N%C3%BCrnberg_COA_%28klein%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/DEU_N%C3%BCrnberg_COA_%28klein%29.svg/142px-DEU_N%C3%BCrnberg_COA_%28klein%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="618" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8662963">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border:none;"><div class="hidden-title" style="text-align:center; height:5px;">Location of Nuremberg</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="center" style="margin-top:1em"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="200" data-zoom="9" data-overlays="["_5e45fc56d2b0b483fc448f13a43297be6a3efa55"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,a,a,270x200.png?lang=en&domain=simple.wikipedia.org&title=Nuremberg&revid=9272916&groups=_5e45fc56d2b0b483fc448f13a43297be6a3efa55" width="270" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,a,a,270x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=simple.wikipedia.org&title=Nuremberg&revid=9272916&groups=_5e45fc56d2b0b483fc448f13a43297be6a3efa55 2x" alt="Map" /></a></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9530296">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Germany_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nuremberg is located in Germany"><img alt="Nuremberg is located in Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Germany_adm_location_map.svg/250px-Germany_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Germany_adm_location_map.svg/375px-Germany_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Germany_adm_location_map.svg/500px-Germany_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1073" data-file-height="1272" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:71.519%;left:55.83%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Nuremberg"><img alt="Nuremberg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div><span class="wrap">Nuremberg </span></div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Germany</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9530296" /><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bavaria_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nuremberg is located in Bavaria"><img alt="Nuremberg is located in Bavaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Bavaria_location_map.svg/250px-Bavaria_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Bavaria_location_map.svg/375px-Bavaria_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Bavaria_location_map.svg/500px-Bavaria_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="867" data-file-height="855" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:35.119%;left:42.306%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Nuremberg"><img alt="Nuremberg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div><span class="wrap">Nuremberg </span></div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Bavaria</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9430902">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Nuremberg&params=49_27_N_11_5_E_type:city(523026)_region:DE-BY"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">49°27′N</span> <span class="longitude">11°5′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">49.450°N 11.083°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">49.450; 11.083</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regierungsbezirk" title="Regierungsbezirk">Admin. region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Franconia" title="Middle Franconia">Middle Franconia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Germany" title="Districts of Germany">District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kreisfreie_stadt" title="Kreisfreie stadt">Kreisfreie stadt</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Subdivisions</th><td class="infobox-data">7 Stadtbezirke</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Lord_mayor" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord mayor">Lord mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrich_Maly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrich Maly (not yet started)">Ulrich Maly</a> (<a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">SPD</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data">186.38 km<sup>2</sup> (71.96 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">309 m (1,014 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2022-12-31)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data">523,026</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">2,800/km<sup>2</sup> (7,300/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_in_Germany" title="Time in Germany">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B01:00" title="UTC+01:00">UTC+01:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B02:00" title="UTC+02:00">UTC+02:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_postal_codes_in_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="List of postal codes in Germany">Postal codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">90001 – 90491</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_dialling_codes_in_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="List of dialling codes in Germany">Dialling codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0911, 09122, 09129</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plate" title="Vehicle registration plate">Vehicle registration</a></th><td class="infobox-data">N</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nuernberg.de">www<wbr />.nuernberg<wbr />.de</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Nuremberg</b> (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈnjʊərəmbɜːrɡ/</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">NEWR-əm-burg</a></i>; <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Nürnberg</i> <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈnʏʁnbɛʁk]</a>; <a href="/wiki/East_Franconian_German" title="East Franconian German">East Franconian</a>: <i>Närmberch</i> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">[ˈnɛrmbɛrç]</a>) is a <a href="/wiki/City" title="City">city</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">German</a> <i><a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany">state</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Middle_Franconia" title="Middle Franconia">Middle Franconia</a>. It is on the river <a href="/wiki/Pegnitz_River" title="Pegnitz River">Pegnitz</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Rhine-Main-Danube_Canal" title="Rhine-Main-Danube Canal">Rhine-Main-Danube Canal</a> and is <a href="/wiki/Franconia" title="Franconia">Franconia</a>'s largest city. It is about 170 kilometres (110 miles) north of <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>. As of June 2017, 530,771 people lived there.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: History" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: History"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_Ages">Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Middle Ages" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Middle Ages"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 1050 to 1571, the city became very important because it was on key trade routes. Many of the parliaments of the Holy Roman Empire (called the <i><a href="/wiki/Reichstag_(institution)" title="Reichstag (institution)">Reichstage</a></i>) met at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg_Castle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuremberg Castle (not yet started)">Nuremberg Castle</a>. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diet_of_Nuremberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diet of Nuremberg (not yet started)">Diets of Nuremberg</a> were an important part of the administrative structure of the empire. In 1219, Nuremberg became an <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imperial_Free_City&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imperial Free City (not yet started)">Imperial Free City</a> under <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor">Emperor Frederick II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This meant it was ruled by the Emperor, not one of the local lords or princes. It also meant that Nuremberg had a seat in the Imperial Parliament. </p><p>In 1298 there was a big <i><a href="https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/pogrom" class="extiw" title="wikt:pogrom">pogrom</a></i>. Nearly 700 Jews were killed. The Jews lived near the river, and by getting rid of the Jews the northern and southern parts of the city could be linked together. This area is now the place of the City Market, Frauenkirche and Rathaus (City Hall). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_modern_age">Early modern age</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: Early modern age" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Early modern age"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuremberg_hl_geist_pegnitz_f_w.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nuremberg_hl_geist_pegnitz_f_w.jpg/220px-Nuremberg_hl_geist_pegnitz_f_w.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nuremberg_hl_geist_pegnitz_f_w.jpg/330px-Nuremberg_hl_geist_pegnitz_f_w.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nuremberg_hl_geist_pegnitz_f_w.jpg/440px-Nuremberg_hl_geist_pegnitz_f_w.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Hl. Geistspital, Holy Spirit Hospital</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1532, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peace_of_Nuremberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peace of Nuremberg (not yet started)">Peace of Nuremberg</a>, gave <a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutherans</a> important concessions. In 1632 during the <a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a>, the Imperial general <a href="/w/index.php?title=Albrecht_von_Wallenstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albrecht von Wallenstein (not yet started)">Albrecht von Wallenstein</a> besieged King <a href="/wiki/Gustavus_Adolphus_of_Sweden" title="Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden">Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden</a> in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Nuremberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Nuremberg (not yet started)">Siege of Nuremberg</a>. The city became less important after this war, and only recovered in the nineteenth century, when it grew as an industrial centre. </p><p>At the beginning of the nineteenth century Nuremberg was practically bankrupt. In 1806 the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> was dissolved, and Nuremberg became part of the Kingdom of Bavaria, and Bavaria took over the city's debts. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bayerische_Ludwigsbahn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bayerische Ludwigsbahn (not yet started)">first German railway</a>, from Nuremberg to nearby <a href="/wiki/F%C3%BCrth" title="Fürth">Fürth</a>, was opened in 1835. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nazi_period">Nazi period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: Nazi period" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Nazi period"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Reichsparteitag_1935.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Reichsparteitag_1935.jpg/220px-Reichsparteitag_1935.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="326" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Reichsparteitag_1935.jpg/330px-Reichsparteitag_1935.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Reichsparteitag_1935.jpg/440px-Reichsparteitag_1935.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="3038" /></a><figcaption>Nuremberg party rally 1935</figcaption></figure> <p>Nuremberg was very important during the <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> period. The <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Party" title="Nazi Party">Nazi Party</a> held huge Nazi Party conventions – the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg_rallies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuremberg rallies (not yet started)">Nuremberg rallies</a> in the city. </p><p>The rallies were held every year from 1927 to 1938 in Nuremberg. After <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hitler%27s_rise_to_power&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hitler's rise to power (not yet started)">Hitler's rise to power</a> in 1933 the Nuremberg rallies became huge state <a href="/wiki/Propaganda" title="Propaganda">propaganda</a> events, and a centre of <a href="/wiki/Anti-Semitism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Semitism">anti-Semitism</a> and other Nazi ideas. At one rally, Hitler passed the anti-Semitic (anti Jewish) <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_Laws" title="Nuremberg Laws">Nuremberg Laws</a> which took German citizenship away from all <a href="/wiki/Jew" title="Jew">Jews</a>. A number of buildings were built for the rallies, some of which were not finished. </p><p>Today many examples of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nazi_architecture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nazi architecture (not yet started)">Nazi architecture</a> can still be seen in the city. The city was also the home of the Nazi propagandist <a href="/wiki/Julius_Streicher" title="Julius Streicher">Julius Streicher</a>, the publisher of <i><a href="/wiki/Der_St%C3%BCrmer" title="Der Stürmer">Der Stürmer</a></i>. </p><p>During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Nuremberg was the headquarters of <i>Wehrkreis</i> (military district) XIII, and an important site for military production, including airplanes, submarines, and tank engines. A subcamp of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flossenb%C3%BCrg_concentration_camp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flossenbürg concentration camp (not yet started)">Flossenbürg concentration camp</a> was here. A lot of the factories used <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slave_labour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slave labour (not yet started)">slave labour</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city was badly damaged in bombing <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, especially between 1943 and 1945. On January 2, 1945, the medieval city centre was bombed by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a> and about ninety percent of it was destroyed in only one hour, with 1800 residents killed and roughly 100,000 left homeless. In February 1945, more attacks followed. In total, about 6000 Nuremberg residents are estimated to have been killed in air raids. Despite this, the city was rebuilt after the war and was to some extent, restored to its pre-war appearance including the reconstruction of some of its medieval buildings. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Defendants_in_the_dock_at_nuremberg_trials.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Defendants_in_the_dock_at_nuremberg_trials.jpg/220px-Defendants_in_the_dock_at_nuremberg_trials.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Defendants_in_the_dock_at_nuremberg_trials.jpg/330px-Defendants_in_the_dock_at_nuremberg_trials.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Defendants_in_the_dock_at_nuremberg_trials.jpg/440px-Defendants_in_the_dock_at_nuremberg_trials.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1523" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Defendants in the dock at Nuremberg Trials</figcaption></figure> <p>Between 1945 and 1946, German officials involved in the <a href="/wiki/Holocaust" class="mw-redirect" title="Holocaust">Holocaust</a> and other war crimes were taken in front of the International Military Tribunal in the <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_Trials" title="Nuremberg Trials">Nuremberg Trials</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> had wanted the trials to take place in Berlin, but Nuremberg was chosen as the site for the trials for specific reasons: </p> <ul><li>It was in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">American</a> <a href="/wiki/Allied_Occupation_Zones_in_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Allied Occupation Zones in Germany">occupation zone</a></li> <li>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg_Palace_of_Justice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuremberg Palace of Justice (not yet started)">Nuremberg Palace of Justice</a> was big and only damaged a little by the Allied bombing of Germany. A large <a href="/wiki/Prison" title="Prison">prison</a> was also part of the complex.</li> <li>The city had been the location of the Nazi party's Nuremberg rallies, so there was symbolic value in having the trials to prosecute Nazism there.</li> <li>As a compromise, Berlin was the permanent seat of the International Military Tribunal and that the first trial (several were planned) would take place in Nuremberg. Because of the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>, there were no subsequent trials.</li></ul> <p>The same courtroom in Nuremberg was the venue of the <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_Military_Tribunals" title="Nuremberg Military Tribunals">Nuremberg Military Tribunals</a>, organised by the United States as occupying power in the area. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Change section: Economy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Economy"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nuremberg city has 501,000 people. As of 2005, the urban area had 763,000 people (about 822,000 people as of 2008). Nuremberg metropolitan area has 1,205,000 people. Nuremberg is still associated with gingerbread (<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lebkuchen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lebkuchen (not yet started)">Lebkuchen</a></i>) products, sausages, and handmade toys. The first <a href="/wiki/Pocket_watch" title="Pocket watch">pocket watches</a>, called <i>Nuremberg eggs</i>, were made there in the sixteenth century. In the nineteenth century Nuremberg became the "industrial heart" of <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a> with companies such as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siemens_AG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siemens AG (not yet started)">Siemens</a> and <a href="/wiki/MAN_AG" class="mw-redirect" title="MAN AG">MAN</a>. </p><p>Things made in the area include electrical equipment, mechanical and optical products, motor vehicles, and printed materials. </p><p>Siemens is still the largest industrial employer in the Nuremberg region but a third of German market research agencies is also in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg_International_Toy_Fair&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuremberg International Toy Fair (not yet started)">Nuremberg International Toy Fair</a> is the largest of its kind in the world. The city also hosts several specialist hi-tech fairs every year, attracting experts from every corner of the glob </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Change section: Culture" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Culture"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuremberg_sebald_castle_f_lorenz_f_s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Nuremberg_sebald_castle_f_lorenz_f_s.jpg/220px-Nuremberg_sebald_castle_f_lorenz_f_s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Nuremberg_sebald_castle_f_lorenz_f_s.jpg/330px-Nuremberg_sebald_castle_f_lorenz_f_s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Nuremberg_sebald_castle_f_lorenz_f_s.jpg/440px-Nuremberg_sebald_castle_f_lorenz_f_s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Towers of Saint Sebald and the Castle as seen from Saint Lorenz</figcaption></figure> <p>Nuremberg was an early center of humanism, science, printing, and mechanical invention. </p><p>The city contributed much to the science of <a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">astronomy</a>. In 1471 Johannes Mueller of <a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%B6nigsberg_(Bavaria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Königsberg (Bavaria) (not yet started)">Königsberg</a> (Bavaria), later called <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regiomontanus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regiomontanus (not yet started)">Regiomontanus</a>, built an astronomical observatory in Nuremberg and published many important astronomical charts. In 1515, <a href="/wiki/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer" title="Albrecht Dürer">Albrecht Dürer</a>, a native of Nuremberg, mapped the stars of the northern and southern hemispheres, producing the first printed star charts, which had been ordered by Johann Stabius. Around 1515 Dürer also published the "Stabiussche Weltkarte", the first perspective drawing of the terrestrial globe. Perhaps most famously, the main part of <a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_Copernicus" title="Nicolaus Copernicus">Nicolaus Copernicus</a>' work was published in Nuremberg in 1543. </p><p>Printers and publishers have a long history in Nuremberg. Many of these publishers worked with well-known artists of the day to produce books that could also be considered works of art. In 1470 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton_Koberger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anton Koberger (not yet started)">Anton Koberger</a> opened Europe's first print shop in Nuremberg. In 1493, he published the <i>Nuremberg Chronicles</i>, also known as the <i>World Chronicles</i> (<i>Schedelsche Weltchronik</i>), an illustrated history of the world from the creation to the present day. It was written in the local Franconian dialect by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hartmann_Schedel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hartmann Schedel (not yet started)">Hartmann Schedel</a> and had illustrations by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Wohlgemuth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Wohlgemuth (not yet started)">Michael Wohlgemuth</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Pleydenwurff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Pleydenwurff (not yet started)">Wilhelm Pleydenwurff</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer" title="Albrecht Dürer">Albrecht Dürer</a>. Others furthered geographical knowledge and travel by map making. Notable among these was navigator and geographer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Behaim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Behaim (not yet started)">Martin Behaim</a>, who made the first world globe. </p><p>Sculptors such as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Veit_Stoss&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veit Stoss (not yet started)">Veit Stoss</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Vischer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Vischer (not yet started)">Peter Vischer</a> are also associated with Nuremberg. </p><p>Composed of prosperous artisans, the guilds of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meistersingers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meistersingers (not yet started)">Meistersingers</a> flourished here. <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a> made their most famous member, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Sachs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Sachs (not yet started)">Hans Sachs</a>, the hero of his opera <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Meistersinger_von_N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg">Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg</a></i>. Baroque composer <a href="/wiki/Johann_Pachelbel" title="Johann Pachelbel">Johann Pachelbel</a> was born here and was organist of Saint Sebald church. </p><p>Nuremberg is also famous for its Christmas market, which draws well over a million shoppers each year. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Main_sights">Main sights</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Change section: Main sights" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Main sights"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuremberg_Frauen_Lorenz_Rathaus_v_Burg_f_n.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Nuremberg_Frauen_Lorenz_Rathaus_v_Burg_f_n.jpg/220px-Nuremberg_Frauen_Lorenz_Rathaus_v_Burg_f_n.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Nuremberg_Frauen_Lorenz_Rathaus_v_Burg_f_n.jpg/330px-Nuremberg_Frauen_Lorenz_Rathaus_v_Burg_f_n.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Nuremberg_Frauen_Lorenz_Rathaus_v_Burg_f_n.jpg/440px-Nuremberg_Frauen_Lorenz_Rathaus_v_Burg_f_n.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Nuremberg in winter</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dutzendteich.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Dutzendteich.JPG/220px-Dutzendteich.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Dutzendteich.JPG/330px-Dutzendteich.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Dutzendteich.JPG/440px-Dutzendteich.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Dutzendteich and Kongresshalle in the background</figcaption></figure> <p>The southern part of the old town, known as Lorenzer Seite, is separated from the north by the river Pegnitz and surrounded by the city walls on the south. </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg_Castle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuremberg Castle (not yet started)">Nuremberg Castle</a>: the three castles that tower over the city including central burgraves' castle, with Free Reich's buildings to the east, the Imperial castle to the west.</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heilig-Geist-Spital&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heilig-Geist-Spital (not yet started)">Heilig-Geist-Spital</a></i>. The Hospital of the Holy Spirit in the centre of the city was founded in 1332. It was one of the largest hospitals of the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>. Now it houses an old-folks' home and restaurant.</li> <li><i>Hauptmarkt</i>, which provides a picturesque setting and famous market for gingerbread. Nuremberg's star attraction is the Gothic <i>Schöner Brunnen</i> (Beautiful Fountain) which was built around 1385. Now it is a copy, the original fountain is kept in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Germanisches_Nationalmuseum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Germanisches Nationalmuseum (not yet started)">Germanisches Nationalmuseum</a>, the German National Museum.</li> <li>The <i>Johannisfriedhof</i> is a medieval cemetery, containing many old graves (<a href="/wiki/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer" title="Albrecht Dürer">Albrecht Dürer</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Willibald_Pirckheimer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Willibald Pirckheimer (not yet started)">Willibald Pirckheimer</a>, and others). The <i>Rochusfriedhof</i> or the Wöhrder Kirchhof are near the Old Town.</li> <li>There is also a medieval market just inside the city walls, selling handcrafted goods.</li> <li>The <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.db.de/site/bahn/de/unternehmen/bahnwelt/dbmuseum/dbmuseum.html">German National Railways Museum</a> <span class="languageicon">(in German)</span> is also in Nuremberg.</li> <li>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=File:Nuremberg_Ring.jpg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="File:Nuremberg Ring.jpg (not yet started)">Nuremberg Ring</a> (now welded within an iron fence) is said to bring good luck to those that touch it.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Change section: Transportation" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Transportation"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Railways">Railways</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Change section: Railways" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Railways"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:101_043-8_in_N%C3%BCrnberg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/101_043-8_in_N%C3%BCrnberg.jpg/220px-101_043-8_in_N%C3%BCrnberg.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/101_043-8_in_N%C3%BCrnberg.jpg/330px-101_043-8_in_N%C3%BCrnberg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/101_043-8_in_N%C3%BCrnberg.jpg/440px-101_043-8_in_N%C3%BCrnberg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Class 101 locomotive at Nuremberg Main Station</figcaption></figure> <p>Nuremberg was the first city in Germany to have a railway, and today <a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%BCrnberg_Hauptbahnhof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nürnberg Hauptbahnhof (not yet started)">Nuremberg Central Station</a> is a stop for <a href="/wiki/InterCity" title="InterCity">IC</a> and <a href="/wiki/InterCityExpress" class="mw-redirect" title="InterCityExpress">ICE</a> trains on the German long-distance railway network. Trains on the Nuremberg – <a href="/wiki/Ingolstadt" title="Ingolstadt">Ingolstadt</a> – <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a> High-Speed line travel at up to 300-km/h. The line opened on May 28, 2006. It meant travel times to Munich were reduced to as little as one hour. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_Transportation">Public Transportation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Change section: Public Transportation" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Public Transportation"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Nuremberg there are <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg_U-Bahn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuremberg U-Bahn (not yet started)">subways</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suburban_trains&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suburban trains (not yet started)">suburban trains</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tram" title="Tram">trams</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bus" title="Bus">buses</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuremberg_network_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Nuremberg_network_map.png/400px-Nuremberg_network_map.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Nuremberg_network_map.png/600px-Nuremberg_network_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Nuremberg_network_map.png/800px-Nuremberg_network_map.png 2x" data-file-width="4964" data-file-height="3358" /></a><figcaption>S-, U-Bahn and Tramway network</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports_clubs">Sports clubs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Change section: Sports clubs" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Sports clubs"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1._F.C._Nuremberg" class="mw-redirect" title="1. F.C. Nuremberg">1. F.C. Nuremberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpVgg_Greuther_F%C3%BCrth" title="SpVgg Greuther Fürth">SpVgg Greuther Fürth</a> (not really a club from Nuremberg as <a href="/wiki/F%C3%BCrth" title="Fürth">Fürth</a> is a rural town of its own)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Sabo_Ice_Tigers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Sabo Ice Tigers (not yet started)">Thomas Sabo Ice Tigers</a> - Local professional hockey club.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Change section: Sister cities" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Sister cities"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Worldwide, Nuremberg is <a href="/wiki/Town_twinning" class="mw-redirect" title="Town twinning">twinned</a> with the following cities: </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> <a href="/wiki/Nice" title="Nice">Nice</a>, since 1954</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a>, since 1979</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Macedonia">Macedonia</a> <a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a>, since 1982</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>, since 1985</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Carlos,_Nicaragua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Carlos, Nicaragua (not yet started)">San Carlos</a>, since 1985</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> <a href="/wiki/Gera" title="Gera">Gera</a>, since 1988, renewed 1997</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>, since 1990</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> <a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a>, since 1990</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hadera (not yet started)">Hadera</a>, since 1995</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> <a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a>, since 1997 (This is why Shenzhen set up its European Contact Agency in Nuremberg)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> <a href="/wiki/Antalya" title="Antalya">Antalya</a>, since 1997</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> <a href="/wiki/Kavala" title="Kavala">Kavala</a>, since 1998</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> <a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a>, since 1998</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a>, since 1999</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> <a href="/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam">Rotterdam</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Famous_citizens">Famous citizens</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Change section: Famous citizens" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Famous citizens"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_Schreiner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexander Schreiner (not yet started)">Alexander Schreiner</a> organist, <a href="/wiki/Mormon" class="mw-redirect" title="Mormon">Mormon</a> Tabernacle.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chaya_Arbel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chaya Arbel (not yet started)">Chaya Arbel</a> (Israeli composer)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaspar_Hauser" title="Kaspar Hauser">Kaspar Hauser</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Behaim_the_Elder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Behaim the Elder (not yet started)">Hans Behaim the Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Bucher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Bucher (not yet started)">Peter Bucher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer" title="Albrecht Dürer">Albrecht Dürer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Andreas_Feuerbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludwig Andreas Feuerbach (not yet started)">Ludwig Andreas Feuerbach</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermann_Kesten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermann Kesten (not yet started)">Hermann Kesten</a> (writer)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Kraft&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adam Kraft (not yet started)">Adam Kraft</a> (sculptor and architect)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton_Koberger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anton Koberger (not yet started)">Anton Koberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Morlock" title="Max Morlock">Max Morlock</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conrad_Paumann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conrad Paumann (not yet started)">Conrad Paumann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Sachs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Sachs (not yet started)">Hans Sachs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hartmann_Schedel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hartmann Schedel (not yet started)">Hartmann Schedel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ve%C3%ADt_Sto%C3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veít Stoß (not yet started)">Veít Stoß</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Vischer_the_Elder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Vischer the Elder (not yet started)">Peter Vischer the Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johann_Philipp_von_Wurzelbauer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johann Philipp von Wurzelbauer (not yet started)">Johann Philipp von Wurzelbauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Pachelbel" title="Johann Pachelbel">Johann Pachelbel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kunz_Lochner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kunz Lochner (not yet started)">Kunz Lochner</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_pages">Related pages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Change section: Related pages" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Related pages"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_Trials" title="Nuremberg Trials">Nuremberg Trials</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg_Rally&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuremberg Rally (not yet started)">Nuremberg Rally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bratwurst" title="Bratwurst">Nürnberger Bratwürste</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lebkuchen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lebkuchen (not yet started)">Lebkuchen</a> (gingerbread, specialty of Nuremberg)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leni_Riefenstahl" title="Leni Riefenstahl">Leni Riefenstahl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_mayors_of_Nuremberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of mayors of Nuremberg (not yet started)">List of mayors of Nuremberg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg_U-Bahn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuremberg U-Bahn (not yet started)">Nuremberg Underground</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statistikdaten.bayern.de/genesis/online?operation=result&code=12411-003r&leerzeilen=false&language=de">Genesis Online-Datenbank des Bayerischen Landesamtes für Statistik Tabelle 12411-003r Fortschreibung des Bevölkerungsstandes: Gemeinden, Stichtag</a> (Einwohnerzahlen auf Grundlage des Zensus 2011) . </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nuernberg.de/imperia/md/wirtschaft/dokumente/englische_versionen/key_data_for_investors_nuremberg.pdf">"Key Data for Investors – City of Nuremberg", Nuernberg.de, 2017"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. www.nuernberg.de. p. 3. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210120142726/https://www.nuernberg.de/imperia/md/wirtschaft/dokumente/englische_versionen/key_data_for_investors_nuremberg.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2021-01-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-09-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Key+Data+for+Investors+%E2%80%93+City+of+Nuremberg%22%2C+Nuernberg.de%2C+2017&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=www.nuernberg.de&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nuernberg.de%2Fimperia%2Fmd%2Fwirtschaft%2Fdokumente%2Fenglische_versionen%2Fkey_data_for_investors_nuremberg.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ANuremberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11168a.htm">"Nuremberg"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071011132305/http://newadvent.org/cathen/11168a.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2007-10-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-10-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nuremberg&rft.pub=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F11168a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ANuremberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Christine O'Keefe.<i>Concentration Camps.</i>www.tartanplace.com/tartanhistory/concentrationcamps.html</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://visionone.co.uk/customer-satisfaction-social-housing-research-case-study/">"Customer Satisfaction & Social Housing Research Case Study"</a>. www.visionone.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150928183540/http://visionone.co.uk/customer-satisfaction-social-housing-research-case-study/">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-09-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-10-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Customer+Satisfaction+%26+Social+Housing+Research+Case+Study&rft.pub=www.visionone.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvisionone.co.uk%2Fcustomer-satisfaction-social-housing-research-case-study%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ANuremberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_websites">Other websites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Change section: Other websites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuremberg&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Other websites"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberg" class="extiw" title="commons:Nürnberg">Nürnberg</a> at Wikimedia Commons </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9671870">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8662964">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide about: <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Nuremberg" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Nuremberg">Nuremberg</a></b></i></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nuernberg.de/english/index.html">English website of the city</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stadtpanoramen.de/en/nuremberg/nuremberg.html">Nuremberg City Panoramas</a> - Panoramic Views and virtual Tours</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.german-embassy.org.uk/Carnival_nuremberg.html">Carnival's Schembart run turns Nuremberg into a medieval city again</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060928160101/http://www.german-embassy.org.uk/Carnival_nuremberg.html">Archived</a> 2006-09-28 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bartleby.com/102/64.html"><i>Nuremberg</i> by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oopper.de/tn/panorama-nuernberg.htm">more Nuremberg Panoramas</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://germany.archiseek.com/bavaria/nuremberg/index.html">Architecture of Nuremberg</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070411235528/http://germany.archiseek.com/bavaria/nuremberg/index.html">Archived</a> 2007-04-11 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldfacts.us/Germany-Nuremberg.htm">Nuremberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://public-transport.net/bim/Nuernberg.htm">Tramway in Nuremberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=379&letter=N&search=Nuremberg">Article at jewishencyclopedia.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theeuropeanlibrary.org/portal/?lang=en&coll=collections:a0000&q=(">"nuremberg") 49 digitized objects on Nuremberg</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_European_Library&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The European Library (not yet started)">The European Library</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122542">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cities_in_Germany" title="Template:Cities in Germany"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Cities_in_Germany&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Cities in Germany (not yet started)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cities_in_Germany&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cities_in_Germany_by_population322" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cities in Germany by population</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1,000,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">500,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bremen" title="Bremen">Bremen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dortmund" title="Dortmund">Dortmund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dresden" title="Dresden">Dresden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf" title="Düsseldorf">Düsseldorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essen" title="Essen">Essen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanover" title="Hanover">Hanover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leipzig" title="Leipzig">Leipzig</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nuremberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuttgart" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">200,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aachen" title="Aachen">Aachen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augsburg" title="Augsburg">Augsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bielefeld" title="Bielefeld">Bielefeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bochum" title="Bochum">Bochum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonn" title="Bonn">Bonn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braunschweig" title="Braunschweig">Braunschweig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemnitz" title="Chemnitz">Chemnitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duisburg" title="Duisburg">Duisburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erfurt" title="Erfurt">Erfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freiburg_im_Breisgau" title="Freiburg im Breisgau">Freiburg im Breisgau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gelsenkirchen" title="Gelsenkirchen">Gelsenkirchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halle,_Saxony-Anhalt" title="Halle, Saxony-Anhalt">Halle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlsruhe" title="Karlsruhe">Karlsruhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiel" title="Kiel">Kiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krefeld" title="Krefeld">Krefeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck" title="Lübeck">Lübeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdeburg" title="Magdeburg">Magdeburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannheim" title="Mannheim">Mannheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCnster" title="Münster">Münster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B6nchengladbach" title="Mönchengladbach">Mönchengladbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oberhausen" title="Oberhausen">Oberhausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rostock" title="Rostock">Rostock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden">Wiesbaden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuppertal" title="Wuppertal">Wuppertal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">100,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bergisch_Gladbach" title="Bergisch Gladbach">Bergisch Gladbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bottrop" title="Bottrop">Bottrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bremerhaven" title="Bremerhaven">Bremerhaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cottbus" title="Cottbus">Cottbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darmstadt" title="Darmstadt">Darmstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erlangen" title="Erlangen">Erlangen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%BCrth" title="Fürth">Fürth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ttingen" title="Göttingen">Göttingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagen" title="Hagen">Hagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamm" title="Hamm">Hamm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidelberg" title="Heidelberg">Heidelberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heilbronn" title="Heilbronn">Heilbronn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herne,_North_Rhine-Westphalia" title="Herne, North Rhine-Westphalia">Herne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildesheim" title="Hildesheim">Hildesheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingolstadt" title="Ingolstadt">Ingolstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jena" title="Jena">Jena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kassel" title="Kassel">Kassel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koblenz" title="Koblenz">Koblenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leverkusen" title="Leverkusen">Leverkusen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwigshafen" title="Ludwigshafen">Ludwigshafen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moers" title="Moers">Moers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BClheim" title="Mülheim">Mülheim an der Ruhr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuss" title="Neuss">Neuss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offenbach_am_Main" title="Offenbach am Main">Offenbach am Main</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldenburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldenburg">Oldenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osnabr%C3%BCck" title="Osnabrück">Osnabrück</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paderborn" title="Paderborn">Paderborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pforzheim" title="Pforzheim">Pforzheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potsdam" title="Potsdam">Potsdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recklinghausen" title="Recklinghausen">Recklinghausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regensburg" title="Regensburg">Regensburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remscheid" title="Remscheid">Remscheid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reutlingen" title="Reutlingen">Reutlingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saarbr%C3%BCcken" title="Saarbrücken">Saarbrücken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salzgitter" title="Salzgitter">Salzgitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siegen" title="Siegen">Siegen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solingen" title="Solingen">Solingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trier" title="Trier">Trier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulm" title="Ulm">Ulm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfsburg" title="Wolfsburg">Wolfsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C3%BCrzburg" title="Würzburg">Würzburg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Germany" title="List of cities and towns in Germany">complete list</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_municipalities_in_Germany&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of municipalities in Germany (not yet started)">municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_regions_in_Germany&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metropolitan regions in Germany (not yet started)">metropolitan regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Germany_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Germany by population">cities with more than 100,000 inhabitants</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9122542" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10098651" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9122542" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="border&#124;30px&#124;Flag_of_Bavaria_Urban_and_rural_districts_in_the_Free_State_of_Bavaria_in_Germany_border&#124;30px&#124;Flag_of_Germany893" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10098456" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Bavaria" title="Template:Germany districts Bavaria"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Germany_districts_Bavaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Germany districts Bavaria (not yet started)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Germany_districts_Bavaria&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="border&#124;30px&#124;Flag_of_Bavaria_Urban_and_rural_districts_in_the_Free_State_of_Bavaria_in_Germany_border&#124;30px&#124;Flag_of_Germany893" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Bavaria_(lozengy).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Bavaria"><img alt="Flag of Bavaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_Bavaria_%28lozengy%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bavaria_%28lozengy%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_Bavaria_%28lozengy%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Bavaria_%28lozengy%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_Bavaria_%28lozengy%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Bavaria_%28lozengy%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> Urban and rural districts in the <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Free State of Bavaria</a> in Germany <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Germany"><img alt="Flag of Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/60px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Urban<br />districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amberg" title="Amberg">Amberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansbach" title="Ansbach">Ansbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aschaffenburg" title="Aschaffenburg">Aschaffenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augsburg" title="Augsburg">Augsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamberg" title="Bamberg">Bamberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayreuth" title="Bayreuth">Bayreuth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg">Coburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erlangen" title="Erlangen">Erlangen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%BCrth" title="Fürth">Fürth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hof,_Bavaria" title="Hof, Bavaria">Hof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingolstadt" title="Ingolstadt">Ingolstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaufbeuren" title="Kaufbeuren">Kaufbeuren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kempten" title="Kempten">Kempten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landshut" title="Landshut">Landshut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memmingen" title="Memmingen">Memmingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">München (<i>Munich</i>)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nürnberg (<i>Nuremberg</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passau" title="Passau">Passau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regensburg" title="Regensburg">Regensburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosenheim" title="Rosenheim">Rosenheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwabach" title="Schwabach">Schwabach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schweinfurt" title="Schweinfurt">Schweinfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straubing" title="Straubing">Straubing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weiden_in_der_Oberpfalz" title="Weiden in der Oberpfalz">Weiden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C3%BCrzburg" title="Würzburg">Würzburg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rural<br />districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aichach-Friedberg" title="Aichach-Friedberg">Aichach-Friedberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alt%C3%B6tting_(district)" title="Altötting (district)">Altötting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amberg-Sulzbach" title="Amberg-Sulzbach">Amberg-Sulzbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansbach_(district)" title="Ansbach (district)">Ansbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aschaffenburg_(district)" title="Aschaffenburg (district)">Aschaffenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augsburg_(district)" title="Augsburg (district)">Augsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bad_Kissingen_(district)" title="Bad Kissingen (district)">Bad Kissingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bad_T%C3%B6lz-Wolfratshausen" title="Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen">Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamberg_(district)" title="Bamberg (district)">Bamberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayreuth_(district)" title="Bayreuth (district)">Bayreuth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berchtesgadener_Land" title="Berchtesgadener Land">Berchtesgadener Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cham_(district)" title="Cham (district)">Cham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coburg_(district)" title="Coburg (district)">Coburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dachau_(district)" title="Dachau (district)">Dachau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deggendorf_(district)" title="Deggendorf (district)">Deggendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dillingen_(district)" title="Dillingen (district)">Dillingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dingolfing-Landau" title="Dingolfing-Landau">Dingolfing-Landau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donau-Ries" title="Donau-Ries">Donau-Ries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebersberg_(district)" title="Ebersberg (district)">Ebersberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eichst%C3%A4tt_(district)" title="Eichstätt (district)">Eichstätt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erding_(district)" title="Erding (district)">Erding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erlangen-H%C3%B6chstadt" title="Erlangen-Höchstadt">Erlangen-Höchstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forchheim_(district)" title="Forchheim (district)">Forchheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freising_(district)" title="Freising (district)">Freising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freyung-Grafenau" title="Freyung-Grafenau">Freyung-Grafenau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%BCrstenfeldbruck_(district)" title="Fürstenfeldbruck (district)">Fürstenfeldbruck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%BCrth_(district)" title="Fürth (district)">Fürth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garmisch-Partenkirchen_(district)" title="Garmisch-Partenkirchen (district)">Garmisch-Partenkirchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnzburg_(district)" title="Günzburg (district)">Günzburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ha%C3%9Fberge_(district)" title="Haßberge (district)">Haßberge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hof_(district)" title="Hof (district)">Hof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelheim_(district)" title="Kelheim (district)">Kelheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitzingen_(district)" title="Kitzingen (district)">Kitzingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kronach_(district)" title="Kronach (district)">Kronach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulmbach_(district)" title="Kulmbach (district)">Kulmbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landsberg_(district)" title="Landsberg (district)">Landsberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landshut_(district)" title="Landshut (district)">Landshut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichtenfels_(district)" title="Lichtenfels (district)">Lichtenfels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindau_(district)" title="Lindau (district)">Lindau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main-Spessart" title="Main-Spessart">Main-Spessart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miesbach_(district)" title="Miesbach (district)">Miesbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miltenberg_(district)" title="Miltenberg (district)">Miltenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BChldorf_(district)" title="Mühldorf (district)">Mühldorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munich_(district)" title="Munich (district)">München (<i>Munich</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuburg-Schrobenhausen" title="Neuburg-Schrobenhausen">Neuburg-Schrobenhausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neumarkt_(district)" title="Neumarkt (district)">Neumarkt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neustadt_(Aisch)-Bad_Windsheim" title="Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim">Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neustadt_an_der_Waldnaab_(district)" title="Neustadt an der Waldnaab (district)">Neustadt an der Waldnaab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neu-Ulm_(district)" title="Neu-Ulm (district)">Neu-Ulm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberger_Land" title="Nürnberger Land">Nürnberger Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oberallg%C3%A4u" title="Oberallgäu">Oberallgäu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostallg%C3%A4u" title="Ostallgäu">Ostallgäu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passau_(district)" title="Passau (district)">Passau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pfaffenhofen_(district)" title="Pfaffenhofen (district)">Pfaffenhofen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regen_(district)" title="Regen (district)">Regen</a></li> <li><a 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<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11865133c">France</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11865133c">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4042742-0">Germany</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007559637105171">Israel</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n80017681">United States</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span title="Norimberk (Německo)" class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge130187&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/9b9dd8cc-0ed0-4b29-8b50-90c1a61e16ae">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/006601">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10044898">NARA</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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