Papacy - Popes, Antipopes, Succession

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border-right-sm border-left-sm open"> <div class="drawer d-flex flex-column open"> <div class="left-rail-section-content"> <div class="topic-left-rail-header text-truncate bg-gray-50 position-relative text-right d-flex align-items-center"> <div class="tlr-title px-20 py-15 text-left"> <em class="material-icons text-gray-400 d-lg-none" data-icon="toc"></em> <a class="font-serif font-weight-bold text-black link-blue" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/papacy">papacy</a> </div> <button aria-label="Close" class="js-sections-close-button btn-link btn-sm btn d-lg-none position-absolute top-0 p-10 right-0" > <em class="material-icons font-26" data-icon="close"></em> </button> </div> <div class="section-content pl-10 pr-20 pl-sm-50 pr-sm-60 pl-lg-5 pr-lg-10 pt-10 pt-lg-0 bg-gray-50 clear-catfish-ad"> <div class="toc mb-20"> <div class="font-serif font-14 font-weight-bold mx-15 mb-15 mt-20"> Table of Contents </div> <ul class="list-unstyled my-0" data-level="h1"><li data-target="#ref1"><div class="pl-25"><a class="link-gray-900 w-100" href="/topic/papacy">Introduction</a></div><div class="ml-40 toc-drawer sub-toc-drawer"></div></li><li data-target="#ref214716"><div class="d-flex align-items-center"><div class="ml-25"></div><a class="w-100 link-gray-900" href="/topic/papacy#ref214716">The early papacy</a></div><div class="ml-40 toc-drawer sub-toc-drawer"></div></li><li data-target="#ref214717"><div class="d-flex align-items-center"><div class="ml-25"></div><a class="w-100 link-gray-900" href="/topic/papacy/The-medieval-papacy">The medieval papacy</a></div><div class="ml-40 toc-drawer sub-toc-drawer"></div></li><li data-target="#ref214718"><div class="d-flex align-items-center"><div class="ml-25"></div><a class="w-100 link-gray-900" href="/topic/papacy/The-Renaissance-and-Reformation-papacy">The Renaissance and Reformation papacy</a></div><div class="ml-40 toc-drawer sub-toc-drawer"></div></li><li data-target="#ref214719"><div class="d-flex align-items-center"><div class="ml-25"></div><a class="w-100 link-gray-900" href="/topic/papacy/The-Renaissance-and-Reformation-papacy#ref214719">The early modern papacy</a></div><div class="ml-40 toc-drawer sub-toc-drawer"></div></li><li data-target="#ref214720"><div class="d-flex align-items-center"><div class="ml-25"></div><a class="w-100 link-gray-900" href="/topic/papacy/The-modern-papacy">The modern papacy</a></div><div class="ml-40 toc-drawer sub-toc-drawer"></div></li><li data-target="#ref275551"><div class="d-flex align-items-center"><div class="ml-25"></div><a class="w-100 link-gray-900" href="/topic/papacy/List-of-popes-and-antipopes">List of popes and antipopes</a></div><div class="ml-40 toc-drawer sub-toc-drawer"></div></li></ul> <a class="toc-extra-link link-gray-900" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/papacy/additional-info">References & Edit History</a> <a class="toc-extra-link link-gray-900" href="/facts/papacy">Quick Facts & Related Topics</a> </div> <div class="tlr-media-slider pb-10 mb-30"> <a class="section-header link-gray-900 font-serif font-14 font-weight-bold mb-10 mx-10" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/papacy/images-videos">Images, Videos & Interactives</a> <div class="slider js-slider position-relative d-inline-flex align-items-center mw-100 "> <div class="slider-container js-slider-container overflow-hidden d-flex overflow-hidden text-nowrap ml-15"> <a href="https://cdn.britannica.com/96/175196-050-EA0EF9D1/St-Peters-Basilica-Vatican-City.jpg" data-href="/media/1/441722/201314" class="media-overlay-link d-inline-block mr-5"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/96/175196-004-6ED27F79/St-Peters-Basilica-Vatican-City.jpg" alt="Vatican City: St. Peter's Basilica" height="50" /> </a> <a href="" data-href="/media/1/441722/301830" class="media-overlay-link d-inline-block mr-5"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/02/256102-049-C6B86C5F/pope-francis-i-life-in-pictures.jpg" alt="Pope Francis: A Life in Pictures" height="50" /> </a> <a href="/video/Questions-answers-St-Peter-Apostle/244434" data-href="/media/1/441722/244434" class="media-overlay-link d-inline-block mr-5"> <div class="position-relative --aspect-ratio: 16/9"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/37/213437-138-6803E4EA/Questions-answers-St-Peter-Apostle.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="Who was St. Peter the Apostle?" class="col-100" /> <div class="btn btn-sm btn-white btn-circle position-absolute shadow" style="top: 50%; left:50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%)"> <em class="material-icons font-14" data-icon="play_arrow" > </em> </div> </div> </a> <a href="https://cdn.britannica.com/69/211769-050-62D1A5DF/Pope-Gregory-I-St-Gregory-the-Great.jpg" data-href="/media/1/441722/301831" class="media-overlay-link d-inline-block mr-5"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/69/211769-004-77850C80/Pope-Gregory-I-St-Gregory-the-Great.jpg" alt="St. Gregory the Great" height="50" /> </a> <a href="/video/Overview-Avignon-papacy/192029" data-href="/media/1/441722/192029" class="media-overlay-link d-inline-block mr-5"> <div class="position-relative --aspect-ratio: 16/9"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/37/180037-138-FF516C84/Overview-Avignon-papacy.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="History of the Avignon papacy" class="col-100" /> <div class="btn btn-sm btn-white btn-circle position-absolute shadow" style="top: 50%; left:50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%)"> <em class="material-icons font-14" data-icon="play_arrow" > </em> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/video/Overview-discussion-Great-Schism-Council-of-Constance/192031" data-href="/media/1/441722/192031" class="media-overlay-link d-inline-block mr-5"> <div class="position-relative --aspect-ratio: 16/9"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/38/180038-138-B814B8F9/Overview-discussion-Great-Schism-Council-of-Constance.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="The Western Schism and the Roman Catholic Church" class="col-100" /> <div class="btn btn-sm btn-white btn-circle position-absolute shadow" style="top: 50%; left:50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%)"> <em class="material-icons font-14" data-icon="play_arrow" > </em> </div> </div> </a> <a href="https://cdn.britannica.com/78/231478-050-5B811278/Pope-John-Paul-II-visiting-Coventry-England-1982.jpg" data-href="/media/1/441722/263366" class="media-overlay-link d-inline-block mr-5"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/78/231478-004-EA7245AF/Pope-John-Paul-II-visiting-Coventry-England-1982.jpg" alt="Pope John Paul II" height="50" /> </a> <a href="/video/did-you-know-Pope-Francis/279257" data-href="/media/1/441722/279257" class="media-overlay-link d-inline-block mr-5"> <div class="position-relative --aspect-ratio: 16/9"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/17/242017-138-6E77601C/did-you-know-Pope-Francis.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="How has Pope Francis guided the Roman Catholic Church?" class="col-100" /> <div class="btn btn-sm btn-white btn-circle position-absolute shadow" style="top: 50%; left:50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%)"> <em class="material-icons font-14" data-icon="play_arrow" > </em> </div> </div> </a> <a href="https://cdn.britannica.com/61/214961-050-A6B00CB6/Pope-Francis-Muslim-Christian-Hindu-refugees-Castelnuovo-di-Porto-Rome-Italy-Maudy-Thursday-2016.jpg" data-href="/media/1/441722/244332" class="media-overlay-link d-inline-block mr-5"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/61/214961-004-A6548E83/Pope-Francis-Muslim-Christian-Hindu-refugees-Castelnuovo-di-Porto-Rome-Italy-Maudy-Thursday-2016.jpg" alt="Serving all God's people on Maundy Thursday" height="50" /> </a> <a href="https://cdn.britannica.com/74/130674-004-33FD3433/cardinal-illustration-death-London-Magazine-June-1903.jpg" data-href="/media/1/441722/127252" class="media-overlay-link d-inline-block mr-5"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/74/130674-004-33FD3433/cardinal-illustration-death-London-Magazine-June-1903.jpg" alt="Certifying the pope's death" height="50" /> </a> </div> <button disabled class="prev-button js-prev-button position-absolute btn btn-circle shadow btn-blue " aria-label="Previous"> <span class="material-icons md-24" data-icon="keyboard_arrow_left"></span> </button> <button disabled class="next-button js-next-button position-absolute btn btn-circle shadow btn-blue " aria-label="Next"> <span class="material-icons md-24" data-icon="keyboard_arrow_right"></span> </button> </div> </div> <div class="mb-30 tlr-student-links"> <div class="text-gray-900 p-5 font-serif font-14 font-weight-bold mx-10 mb-10"> For Students </div> <div class="imagelink-with-image-on-the-side card card-horizontal tlr-img-with-side-link ml-15 link-gray-900 mb-10" > <div class="position-relative card-media" style="flex: 0;"> <a class="ilf-image position-relative" href="/summary/papacy"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/39/179039-050-FB2072F1/obelisk-St-Peters-Basilica-Vatican-City-Square.jpg?w=200&h=200&c=crop" alt="St. Peter's Basilica" width="200" height="200" /> </a> </div> <div class="card-body ilf-content"> <a class="font-weight-semi-bold d-block mb-5 font-16 ilf-title" href="/summary/papacy" >papacy summary</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mb-30 tlr-related-quizzes"> <div class="text-gray-900 p-5 font-serif font-14 font-weight-bold mx-10 mb-10"> Quizzes </div> <div class="imagelink-with-image-on-the-side card card-horizontal tlr-img-with-side-link ml-15 link-gray-900 mb-10" > <div class="position-relative card-media" style="flex: 0;"> <a class="ilf-image position-relative" href="/quiz/christianity-quiz"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/67/160167-131-98582C51/Easter-Valladolid-Procession-cross-Nazarenos-Spain-Semana.jpg?w=200&h=200&c=crop" alt="Holy week. 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Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). </div> <div class="type-menu"> <label for="feedback-type" class="label mb-10">Feedback Type</label> <select id="feedback-type" class="form-select mb-30" name="feedbackTypeId" required> <option value="" selected="selected">Select a type (Required)</option> <option value="1">Factual Correction</option> <option value="2">Spelling/Grammar Correction</option> <option value="3">Link Correction</option> <option value="4">Additional Information</option> <option value="5">Other</option> </select> </div> <label for="feedback" class="label mb-10">Your Feedback</label> <textarea id="feedback" class="form-control mb-30" name="feedback" maxlength="3000" rows="7" required></textarea> <button class="btn btn-blue" type="submit">Submit Feedback</button> </form> <div class="success-messaging d-none mt-30"> <div class="title">Thank you for your feedback</div> <p>Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="md-websites-modal size-lg d-none"> <div class="md-modal-body"> <div class="h2 font-serif pb-15 border-bottom font-weight-bold"> External Websites </div> <div class="pb-20"> <ul class="list-unstyled mt-20 lh-lg"> <li><a class="external" href="https://www.biblicalcyclopedia.com/P/papacy.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener ">Biblical Cyclopedia - Papacy</a></li> <li><a class="external" href="http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac65" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">History World - History of the Papacy</a></li> <li><a class="external" href="https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/History/World_History/Western_Civilization_-_A_Concise_History_I_(Brooks)/15%3A_Early_Medieval_Europe/15.02%3A_The_Papacy" target="_blank" rel="noopener ">Humanities Libretexts - The Papacy</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="md-websites-ebk-title">Britannica Websites</div> <div class="md-websites-ebk-subtitle">Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students.</div> <ul class="list-unstyled bps-topic-web-sites lh-lg"> <li><a class="external" href="https://kids.britannica.com/kids/article/pope/353598" target="_blank" rel="noopener">pope - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11)</a></li> <li><a class="external" href="https://kids.britannica.com/students/article/papacy/276271" target="_blank" rel="noopener">papacy - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up)</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="toc-header-marker"></div> <button class="ai-ask-button btn border-2 js-header-ai-ask-button d-none btn-sm btn-outline-red-400 border-red-400 mr-0 mr-lg-10 ml-5 ml-sm-10 ml-lg-0 p-10"> Ask the Chatbot a Question </button> <div class="caption alternate-titles">Also known as: bishop of Rome</div> <div class="md-byline module-spacing "> <div class="font-serif font-12"> <span class="written-by text-gray-700"> Written by </span> <div class="editor-popover popover p-0"> <a class="d-block p-20 gtm-byline font-12 byline-contributor" href="/contributor/Frank-J-Coppa/4868" > <div class="editor-title font-16 font-weight-bold">Frank J. Coppa</div> <div class="editor-description font-12 font-serif mt-5 clamp-description text-black">Professor of History, St. Johns University, New York, New York. Author of <i>The Origins of the Italian Wars of Independence</i>. Editor of <i>Encyclopedia of the Vatican and Papacy</i>.</div> </a> <div data-popper-arrow></div> </div> <span class="btn btn-link editor-link p-0 qa-byline-link gtm-byline font-12 byline-contributor text-decoration-underline"> Frank J. Coppa</span></div> <div class="font-serif font-12 text-gray-700"> <span class="qa-fact-checked-by">Fact-checked by</span> <div class="editor-popover popover p-0"> <a class="d-block p-20 font-12" href="/editor/The-Editors-of-Encyclopaedia-Britannica/4419" > <div class="editor-title font-16 font-weight-bold">The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica</div> <div class="editor-description font-12 font-serif mt-5 text-black">Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.</div> </a> <div data-popper-arrow></div> </div> <span class="btn btn-link editor-link p-0 qa-byline-link font-12 "> The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica</span></div> <div class="last-updated font-12 font-serif"> <a class="byline-edit-history" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/papacy/additional-info#history" rel="nofollow">Article History</a> </div></div> </div> <button class="d-flex d-lg-none btn btn-outline-blue border rounded-sm shadow-sm mobile-toc-button gtm-mobile-toc-inline-button d-none d-sm-block js-sections-inline-button module-spacing btn d-lg-none"> <em class="material-icons mr-5 ml-n10 my-n5 md-icon" data-icon="toc"></em> Table of Contents </button> <div class="d-flex d-sm-none flex-row"> <button class="d-flex d-lg-none btn btn-outline-blue border rounded-sm shadow-sm mobile-toc-button gtm-mobile-toc-inline-button js-sections-inline-button module-spacing"> <em class="material-icons mr-5 ml-n10 my-n5 md-icon" data-icon="toc"></em> Table of Contents </button> <button class="ai-ask-button btn border-2 ai-ask-button btn border-2 module-spacing btn-sm js-inline-ai-ask-button btn-outline-red-400 border-red-400 p-10 ml-5"> Ask the Chatbot a Question </button> </div> <div class="js-qf-module qf-module px-40 px-sm-20 py-15 mx-auto module-spacing font-14 bg-gray-50 rounded"> <div class="facts-list mt-10"> <div class=""> <div class="js-fact mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"> <dl> <dt>Key People: </dt> <dd><a href="/biography/St-Gregory-the-Great" topicid="245549">St. Gregory the Great</a></dd> <dd><a href="/biography/Cesare-Borgia" topicid="74127">Cesare Borgia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/biography/Alexander-III-pope" topicid="14085">Alexander III</a></dd> <dd><a href="/biography/Etienne-Francois-de-Choiseul-duc-de-Choiseul" topicid="114006">Étienne-François de Choiseul, duke de Choiseul</a></dd> <dd><a href="/biography/Pelagius-I" topicid="449078">Pelagius I</a></dd> </dl> <button class="js-more-btn d-none btn btn-unstyled font-12 bg-gray-50" aria-label="Toggle more/less fact data"> <em class="js-content link-blue">(Show more)</em> </button> </div> </div> <div class=""> <div class="js-fact mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"> <dl> <dt>Related Topics: </dt> <dd><a href="/topic/antipope" topicid="28501">antipope</a></dd> <dd><a href="/topic/pope" topicid="469994">pope</a></dd> <dd><a href="/topic/papal-infallibility" topicid="441822">papal infallibility</a></dd> <dd><a href="/topic/allocution-papacy" topicid="2078797">allocution</a></dd> <dd><a href="/topic/Josephinism" topicid="306433">Josephinism</a></dd> </dl> <button class="js-more-btn d-none btn btn-unstyled font-12 bg-gray-50" aria-label="Toggle more/less fact data"> <em class="js-content link-blue">(Show more)</em> </button> </div> <div class="text-center"> <a class="btn btn-sm btn-link p-0" href="/facts/papacy"> See all related content </a> </div> </div> </div> </div><span class="marker before-article"></span><span class="marker h7"></span><section data-level="1" id="ref275551">  <span class="marker PREMOD1 mod-inline"></span><p class="topic-paragraph"><span id="ref3791"></span>A list of <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/popes-and-antipopes" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">popes and antipopes</a> is provided in the table.</p><span class="marker MOD1 mod-inline"></span><span class="md-raw-html"><div class="md-drag md-table-wrapper"><table> <thead> <tr> <th colspan="2" scope="col"> Popes and antipopes<sup>1</sup> </th> </tr> </thead> <tfoot> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <sup>1</sup>Antipopes are in italics. Until the 4th century the popes were usually known only as bishops of Rome. </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <sup>2</sup>The higher number is used if Felix (II), who reigned from 355 to 358 and is ordinarily classed as an antipope, is counted as a pope. </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <sup>3</sup>Though elected on March 23, 752, Stephen (II) died two days later, before he could be consecrated, and thus is ordinarily not counted. The issue has made the numbering of subsequent Stephens somewhat irregular. </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <sup>4</sup>Either Leo VIII or Benedict V may be considered an antipope. </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <sup>5</sup>A confusion in the numbering of popes named John after John XIV (reigned 983–984) resulted because some 11th-century historians mistakenly believed that there had been a pope named John between antipope Boniface VII and the true John XV (reigned 985–996). Therefore they mistakenly numbered the real popes John XV to XIX as John XVI to XX. These popes have since customarily been renumbered XV to XIX, but John XXI and John XXII continue to bear numbers that they themselves formally adopted on the assumption that there had indeed been 20 Johns before them. In current numbering there thus exists no pope by the name of John XX. </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <sup>6</sup>Sylvester III is considered an antipope by those who believe that Benedict IX's forcible removal in 1044 was illegitimate. </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <sup>7</sup>In the 13th century the papal chancery misread the names of the two popes Marinus as Martin, and, as a result of this error, Simon de Brie in 1281 assumed the name of Pope Martin IV instead of Martin II. The enumeration has not been corrected, and thus there exist no Martin II and Martin III. </td> </tr> </tfoot> <tbody> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Peter-the-Apostle" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Peter</a> </td> <td> ?-c. 64 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/St-Linus" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Linus</a> </td> <td> c. 67–76/79 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Anacletus" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Anacletus</a> </td> <td> 76–88 or 79–91 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Clement-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Clement I</a> </td> <td> 88–97 or 92–101 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/St-Evaristus" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Evaristus</a> </td> <td> c. 97–c. 107 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Alexander-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Alexander I</a> </td> <td> 105–115 or 109–119 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Sixtus-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Sixtus I</a> </td> <td> c. 115–c. 125 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/St-Telesphorus" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Telesphorus</a> </td> <td> c. 125–c. 136 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Hyginus" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Hyginus</a> </td> <td> c. 136–c. 140 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Pius-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Pius I</a> </td> <td> c. 142–c. 155 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Anicetus" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Anicetus</a> </td> <td> c. 155–c. 166 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/St-Soter" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Soter</a> </td> <td> c. 166–c. 175 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Eleutherius" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Eleutherius</a> </td> <td> c. 175–189 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/St-Victor-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Victor I</a> </td> <td> c. 189–198/199 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Zephyrinus" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Zephyrinus</a> </td> <td> c. 199–217 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Callixtus-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Calixtus I</a> (Callistus) </td> <td> 217?–222 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Hippolytus-of-Rome" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Hippolytus</em></a> </td> <td> <em>217/218–235</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Urban-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Urban I</a> </td> <td> 222–230 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Pontian" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Pontian</a> </td> <td> 230–235 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Anterus" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Anterus</a> </td> <td> 235–236 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/St-Fabian" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Fabian</a> </td> <td> 236–250 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Cornelius" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Cornelius</a> </td> <td> 251–253 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Novatian" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Novatian</em></a> </td> <td> <em>251</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/St-Lucius-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Lucius I</a> </td> <td> 253–254 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/St-Stephen-I-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Stephen I</a> </td> <td> 254–257 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Sixtus-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Sixtus II</a> </td> <td> 257–258 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Dionysius" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Dionysius</a> </td> <td> 259/260–268 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Felix-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Felix I</a> </td> <td> 269–274 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Eutychian" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Eutychian</a> </td> <td> 275–283 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Gaius" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Gaius</a> </td> <td> 283–296 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Marcellinus" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Marcellinus</a> </td> <td> 291/296–304 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Marcellus-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Marcellus I</a> </td> <td> 306–308 or 308–309 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Eusebius" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Eusebius</a> </td> <td> 309/310 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Miltiades" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Miltiades</a> (Melchiades) </td> <td> 311–314 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Sylvester-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Sylvester I</a> </td> <td> 314–335 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Mark-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Mark</a> </td> <td> 336 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Julius-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Julius I</a> </td> <td> 337–352 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Liberius" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Liberius</a> </td> <td> 352–366 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Felix-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Felix (II)</em></a> </td> <td> <em>355</em><em>–365</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Damasus-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Damasus I</a> </td> <td> 366–384 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ursinus" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Ursinus</em></a> </td> <td> <em>366</em><em>–367</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Siricius" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Siricius</a> </td> <td> 384–399 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Anastasius-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Anastasius I</a> </td> <td> 399–401 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Innocent-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Innocent I</a> </td> <td> 401–417 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Zosimus" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Zosimus</a> </td> <td> 417–418 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Boniface-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Boniface I</a> </td> <td> 418–422 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Eulalius" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Eulalius</em></a> </td> <td> <em>418</em><em>–419</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Celestine-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Celestine I</a> </td> <td> 422–432 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Sixtus-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Sixtus III</a> </td> <td> 432–440 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Leo-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Leo I</a> </td> <td> 440–461 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Hilary" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Hilary</a> </td> <td> 461–468 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Simplicius" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Simplicius</a> </td> <td> 468–483 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Felix-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Felix III (or II)</a><sup>2</sup> </td> <td> 483–492 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Gelasius-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Gelasius I</a> </td> <td> 492–496 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Anastasius-II-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Anastasius II</a> </td> <td> 496–498 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Symmachus" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Symmachus</a> </td> <td> 498–514 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Laurentius" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Laurentius</em></a> </td> <td> <em>498, 501– c. 505/507</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Hormisdas" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Hormisdas</a> </td> <td> 514–523 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-John-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John I</a> </td> <td> 523–526 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Felix-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Felix IV (or III)</a><sup>2</sup> </td> <td> 526–530 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Dioscorus-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Dioscorus</em></a> </td> <td> <em>530</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boniface-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Boniface II</a> </td> <td> 530–532 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-II-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John II</a> </td> <td> 533–535 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Agapetus-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Agapetus I</a> </td> <td> 535–536 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Silverius" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Silverius</a> </td> <td> 536–537 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Vigilius" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Vigilius</a> </td> <td> 537–555 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pelagius-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Pelagius I</a> </td> <td> 556–561 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-III-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John III</a> </td> <td> 561–574 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Benedict I</a> </td> <td> 575–579 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pelagius-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Pelagius II</a> </td> <td> 579–590 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/St-Gregory-the-Great" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Gregory I</a> </td> <td> 590–604 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sabinian" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Sabinian</a> </td> <td> 604–606 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boniface-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Boniface III</a> </td> <td> 607 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Boniface-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Boniface IV</a> </td> <td> 608–615 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Deusdedit" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Deusdedit</a> (also called Adeodatus I) </td> <td> 615–618 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boniface-V" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Boniface V</a> </td> <td> 619–625 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Honorius-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Honorius I</a> </td> <td> 625–638 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Severinus" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Severinus</a> </td> <td> 640 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-IV-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John IV</a> </td> <td> 640–642 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Theodore-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Theodore I</a> </td> <td> 642–649 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Martin-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Martin I</a> </td> <td> 649–653 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Eugenius-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Eugenius I</a> </td> <td> 654–657 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Vitalian" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Vitalian</a> </td> <td> 657–672 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Adeodatus-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Adeodatus II</a> </td> <td> 672–676 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Donus" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Donus</a> </td> <td> 676–678 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Agatho" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Agatho</a> </td> <td> 678–681 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Leo-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Leo II</a> </td> <td> 682–683 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Benedict-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Benedict II</a> </td> <td> 684–685 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-V-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John V</a> </td> <td> 685–686 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Conon-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Conon</a> </td> <td> 686–687 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Sergius-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Sergius I</a> </td> <td> 687–701 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Theodore-antipope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Theodore</em></a> </td> <td> <em>687</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Paschal-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Paschal</em></a> </td> <td> <em>687</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-VI-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John VI</a> </td> <td> 701–705 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-VII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John VII</a> </td> <td> 705–707 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sisinnius" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Sisinnius</a> </td> <td> 708 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Constantine-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Constantine</a> </td> <td> 708–715 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Gregory-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Gregory II</a> </td> <td> 715–731 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Gregory-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Gregory III</a> </td> <td> 731–741 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Zacharias" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Zacharias</a> (Zachary) </td> <td> 741–752 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Stephen-II-unconsecrated-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Stephen (II)</a><sup>3</sup> </td> <td> 752 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Stephen-II-or-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Stephen II (or III)</a><sup>3</sup> </td> <td> 752–757 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Paul-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Paul I</a> </td> <td> 757–767 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Constantine-II-antipope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Constantine(II)</em></a> </td> <td> <em>767</em><em>–768</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Philip-antipope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Philip</em></a> </td> <td> <em>768</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Stephen-III-or-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Stephen III (or IV)</a><sup>3</sup> </td> <td> 768–772 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Adrian-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Adrian I</a> </td> <td> 772–795 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Leo-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Leo III</a> </td> <td> 795–816 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Stephen-IV-or-V" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Stephen IV (or V)</a><sup>3</sup> </td> <td> 816–817 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Paschal-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Paschal I</a> </td> <td> 817–824 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Eugenius-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Eugenius II</a> </td> <td> 824–827 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Valentine-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Valentine</a> </td> <td> 827 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gregory-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Gregory IV</a> </td> <td> 827–844 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-antipope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>John</em></a> </td> <td> <em>844</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sergius-II-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Sergius II</a> </td> <td> 844–847 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Leo-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Leo IV</a> </td> <td> 847–855 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Benedict III</a> </td> <td> 855–858 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Anastasius-the-Librarian" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Anastasius</em></a> <em>(Anastasius the Librarian)</em> </td> <td> <em>855</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Nicholas-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Nicholas I</a> </td> <td> 858–867 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Adrian-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Adrian II</a> </td> <td> 867–872 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-VIII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John VIII</a> </td> <td> 872–882 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Marinus-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Marinus I</a> </td> <td> 882–884 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Adrian-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Adrian III</a> </td> <td> 884–885 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Stephen-V-or-VI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Stephen V (or VI)</a><sup>3</sup> </td> <td> 885–891 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Formosus" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Formosus</a> </td> <td> 891–896 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boniface-VI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Boniface VI</a> </td> <td> 896 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Stephen-VI-or-VII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Stephen VI (or VII)</a><sup>3</sup> </td> <td> 896–897 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Romanus-pope-897" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Romanus</a> </td> <td> 897 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Theodore-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Theodore II</a> </td> <td> 897 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-IX" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John IX</a> </td> <td> 898–900 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Benedict IV</a> </td> <td> 900–903 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leo-V-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Leo V</a> </td> <td> 903 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Christopher-antipope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Christopher</em></a> </td> <td> <em>903</em><em>–904</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sergius-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Sergius III</a> </td> <td> 904–911 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Anastasius-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Anastasius III</a> </td> <td> 911–913 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lando" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Lando</a> </td> <td> 913–914 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-X" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John X</a> </td> <td> 914–928 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leo-VI-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Leo VI</a> </td> <td> 928 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Stephen-VII-or-VIII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Stephen VII (or VIII)</a><sup>3</sup> </td> <td> 928–931 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-XI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John XI</a> </td> <td> 931–935 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leo-VII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Leo VII</a> </td> <td> 936–939 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Stephen-VIII-or-IX" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Stephen VIII (or IX)</a><sup>3</sup> </td> <td> 939–942 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Marinus-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Marinus II</a> </td> <td> 942–946 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Agapitus-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Agapetus II</a> </td> <td> 946–955 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-XII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John XII</a> </td> <td> 955–964 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leo-VIII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Leo VIII</a><sup>4</sup> </td> <td> 963–965 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-V" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Benedict V</a><sup>4</sup> </td> <td> 964 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-XIII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John XIII</a> </td> <td> 965–972 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-VI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Benedict VI</a> </td> <td> 973–974 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boniface-VII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Boniface VII</em></a> <em>(1st time)</em> </td> <td> <em>974</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-VII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Benedict VII</a> </td> <td> 974–983 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-XIV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John XIV</a> </td> <td> 983–984 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boniface-VII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Boniface VII</em></a> <em>(2nd time)</em> </td> <td> <em>984</em><em>–985</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-XV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John XV (or XVI)</a><sup>5</sup> </td> <td> 985–996 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gregory-V" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Gregory V</a> </td> <td> 996–999 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-XVI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>John XVI (or XVII)</em></a><sup>5</sup> </td> <td> <em>997</em><em>–998</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sylvester-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Sylvester II</a> </td> <td> 999–1003 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-XVII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John XVII (or XVIII)</a><sup>5</sup> </td> <td> 1003 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-XVIII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John XVIII (or XIX)</a><sup>5</sup> </td> <td> 1003–09 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sergius-IV-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Sergius IV</a> </td> <td> 1009–12 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gregory-VI-antipope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Gregory (VI)</em></a> </td> <td> <em>1012</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-VIII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Benedict VIII</a> </td> <td> 1012–24 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-XIX" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John XIX (or XX)</a><sup>5</sup> </td> <td> 1024–32 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-IX" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Benedict IX</a> (1st time) </td> <td> 1032–44 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sylvester-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Sylvester III</a><sup>6</sup> </td> <td> 1045 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-IX" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Benedict IX</a> (2nd time) </td> <td> 1045 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gregory-VI-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Gregory VI</a> </td> <td> 1045–46 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clement-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Clement II</a> </td> <td> 1046–47 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-IX" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Benedict IX (3rd time)</a> </td> <td> 1047–48 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Damasus-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Damasus II</a> </td> <td> 1048 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Leo-IX" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Leo IX</a> </td> <td> 1049–54 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Victor-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Victor II</a> </td> <td> 1055–57 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Stephen-IX-or-X" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Stephen IX (or X)</a><sup>3</sup> </td> <td> 1057–58 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-X" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Benedict X</em></a> </td> <td> <em>1058</em><em>–59</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nicholas-II-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Nicholas II</a> </td> <td> 1059–61 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alexander-II-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Alexander II</a> </td> <td> 1061–73 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Honorius-II-antipope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Honorius (II)</em></a> </td> <td> <em>1061</em><em>–64</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Gregory-VII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Gregory VII</a> </td> <td> 1073–85 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clement-III-antipope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Clement (III)</em></a> </td> <td> <em>1080</em><em>–1100</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Blessed-Victor-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Victor III</a> </td> <td> 1086–87 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Urban-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Urban II</a> </td> <td> 1088–99 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Paschal-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Paschal II</a> </td> <td> 1099–1118 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Theodoric-antipope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Theodoric</em></a> </td> <td> <em>1100</em><em>–01</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Albert-antipope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Albert</em></a> <em>(also called Aleric)</em> </td> <td> <em>1101</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sylvester-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Sylvester (IV)</em></a> </td> <td> <em>1105</em><em>–11</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gelasius-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Gelasius II</a> </td> <td> 1118–19 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gregory-VIII-antipope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Gregory (VIII)</em></a> </td> <td> <em>1118–21</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Callixtus-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Calixtus II</a> (Callistus) </td> <td> 1119–24 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Honorius-II-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Honorius II</a> </td> <td> 1124–30 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Celestine-II-papal-candidate" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Celestine (II)</em></a> </td> <td> <em>1124</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Innocent-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Innocent II</a> </td> <td> 1130–43 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Anacletus-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Anacletus (II)</em></a> </td> <td> <em>1130</em><em>–38</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Victor-IV-antipope-1138" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Victor (IV)</em></a> </td> <td> <em>1138</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Celestine-II-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Celestine II</a> </td> <td> 1143–44 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lucius-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Lucius II</a> </td> <td> 1144–45 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Blessed-Eugenius-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Eugenius III</a> </td> <td> 1145–53 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Anastasius-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Anastasius IV</a> </td> <td> 1153–54 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Adrian-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Adrian IV</a> </td> <td> 1154–59 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alexander-III-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Alexander III</a> </td> <td> 1159–81 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Victor-IV-antipope-1159-1164" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Victor (IV)</em></a> </td> <td> <em>1159</em><em>–64</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Paschal-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Paschal (III)</em></a> </td> <td> <em>1164</em><em>–68</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Callixtus-III-antipope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Calixtus (III)</em></a> </td> <td> <em>1168</em><em>–78</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Innocent-III-antipope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Innocent (III)</em></a> </td> <td> <em>1179</em><em>–80</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lucius-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Lucius III</a> </td> <td> 1181–85 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Urban-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Urban III</a> </td> <td> 1185–87 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gregory-VIII-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Gregory VIII</a> </td> <td> 1187 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clement-III-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Clement III</a> </td> <td> 1187–91 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Celestine-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Celestine III</a> </td> <td> 1191–98 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Innocent-III-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Innocent III</a> </td> <td> 1198–1216 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Honorius-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Honorius III</a> </td> <td> 1216–27 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gregory-IX" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Gregory IX</a> </td> <td> 1227–41 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Celestine-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Celestine IV</a> </td> <td> 1241 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Innocent-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Innocent IV</a> </td> <td> 1243–54 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alexander-IV-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Alexander IV</a> </td> <td> 1254–61 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Urban-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Urban IV</a> </td> <td> 1261–64 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clement-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Clement IV</a> </td> <td> 1265–68 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Blessed-Gregory-X" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Gregory X</a> </td> <td> 1271–76 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Blessed-Innocent-V" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Innocent V</a> </td> <td> 1276 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Adrian-V" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Adrian V</a> </td> <td> 1276 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-XXI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John XXI</a><sup>5</sup> </td> <td> 1276–77 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nicholas-III-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Nicholas III</a> </td> <td> 1277–80 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Martin-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Martin IV</a><sup>7</sup> </td> <td> 1281–85 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Honorius-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Honorius IV</a> </td> <td> 1285–87 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nicholas-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Nicholas IV</a> </td> <td> 1288–92 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Celestine-V" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Celestine V</a> </td> <td> 1294 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boniface-VIII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Boniface VIII</a> </td> <td> 1294–1303 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Blessed-Benedict-XI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Benedict XI</a> </td> <td> 1303–04 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clement-V" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Clement V</a> (at Avignon from 1309) </td> <td> 1305–14 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-XXII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John XXII</a><sup>5</sup> (at Avignon) </td> <td> 1316–34 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nicholas-V-antipope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Nicholas (V)</em></a> <em>at Rome)</em> </td> <td> <em>1328–30</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-XII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Benedict XII</a> (at Avignon) </td> <td> 1334–42 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clement-VI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Clement VI</a> (at Avignon) </td> <td> 1342–52 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Innocent-VI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Innocent VI</a> (at Avignon) </td> <td> 1352–62 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Blessed-Urban-V" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Urban V</a> (at Avignon) </td> <td> 1362–70 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gregory-XI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Gregory XI</a> (at Avignon, then Rome from 1377) </td> <td> 1370–78 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Urban-VI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Urban VI</a> </td> <td> 1378–89 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clement-VII-antipope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Clement (VII)</em></a> <em>(at Avignon)</em> </td> <td> <em>1378</em><em>–94</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boniface-IX" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Boniface IX</a> </td> <td> 1389–1404 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-XIII-antipope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Benedict (XIII)</em></a> <em>(at Avignon)</em> </td> <td> <em>1394</em><em>–1423</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Innocent-VII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Innocent VII</a> </td> <td> 1404–06 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gregory-XII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Gregory XII</a> </td> <td> 1406–15 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alexander-V" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Alexander (V)</em></a> <em>(at Bologna)</em> </td> <td> <em>1409–10</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-XXIII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>John (XXIII)</em></a> <em>(at Bologna)</em> </td> <td> <em>1410</em><em>–15</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Martin-V" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Martin V</a><sup>7</sup> </td> <td> 1417–31 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clement-VIII-antipope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Clement (VIII)</em></a> </td> <td> <em>1423</em><em>–29</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Eugenius-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Eugenius IV</a> </td> <td> 1431–47 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Amadeus-VIII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Felix (V)</em></a> <em>(also called Amadeus VIII of Savoy)</em> </td> <td> <em>1439–49</em> </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nicholas-V-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Nicholas V</a> </td> <td> 1447–55 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Callixtus-III-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Calixtus III</a> (Callistus) </td> <td> 1455–58 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pius-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Pius II</a> </td> <td> 1458–64 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Paul-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Paul II</a> </td> <td> 1464–71 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sixtus-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Sixtus IV</a> </td> <td> 1471–84 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Innocent-VIII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Innocent VIII</a> </td> <td> 1484–92 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alexander-VI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Alexander VI</a> </td> <td> 1492–1503 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pius-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Pius III</a> </td> <td> 1503 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Julius-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Julius II</a> </td> <td> 1503–13 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leo-X" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Leo X</a> </td> <td> 1513–21 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Adrian-VI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Adrian VI</a> </td> <td> 1522–23 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clement-VII-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Clement VII</a> </td> <td> 1523–34 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Paul-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Paul III</a> </td> <td> 1534–49 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Julius-III" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Julius III</a> </td> <td> 1550–55 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Marcellus-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Marcellus II</a> </td> <td> 1555 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Paul-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Paul IV</a> </td> <td> 1555–59 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pius-IV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Pius IV</a> </td> <td> 1559–65 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Pius-V" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Pius V</a> </td> <td> 1566–72 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gregory-XIII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Gregory XIII</a> </td> <td> 1572–85 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sixtus-V" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Sixtus V</a> </td> <td> 1585–90 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Urban-VII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Urban VII</a> </td> <td> 1590 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gregory-XIV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Gregory XIV</a> </td> <td> 1590–91 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Innocent-IX" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Innocent IX</a> </td> <td> 1591 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clement-VIII-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Clement VIII</a> </td> <td> 1592–1605 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leo-XI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Leo XI</a> </td> <td> 1605 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Paul-V" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Paul V</a> </td> <td> 1605–21 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gregory-XV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Gregory XV</a> </td> <td> 1621–23 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Urban-VIII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Urban VIII</a> </td> <td> 1623–44 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Innocent-X" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Innocent X</a> </td> <td> 1644–55 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alexander-VII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Alexander VII</a> </td> <td> 1655–67 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clement-IX" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Clement IX</a> </td> <td> 1667–69 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clement-X" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Clement X</a> </td> <td> 1670–76 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Blessed-Innocent-XI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Innocent XI</a> </td> <td> 1676–89 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alexander-VIII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Alexander VIII</a> </td> <td> 1689–91 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Innocent-XII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Innocent XII</a> </td> <td> 1691–1700 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clement-XI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Clement XI</a> </td> <td> 1700–21 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Innocent-XIII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Innocent XIII</a> </td> <td> 1721–24 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-XIII-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Benedict XIII</a> </td> <td> 1724–30 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clement-XII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Clement XII</a> </td> <td> 1730–40 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-XIV-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Benedict XIV</a> </td> <td> 1740–58 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clement-XIII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Clement XIII</a> </td> <td> 1758–69 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clement-XIV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Clement XIV</a> </td> <td> 1769–74 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pius-VI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Pius VI</a> </td> <td> 1775–99 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pius-VII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Pius VII</a> </td> <td> 1800–23 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leo-XII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Leo XII</a> </td> <td> 1823–29 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pius-VIII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Pius VIII</a> </td> <td> 1829–30 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gregory-XVI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Gregory XVI</a> </td> <td> 1831–46 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pius-IX" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Pius IX</a> </td> <td> 1846–78 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leo-XIII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Leo XIII</a> </td> <td> 1878–1903 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Pius-X" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Pius X</a> </td> <td> 1903–14 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-XV" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Benedict XV</a> </td> <td> 1914–22 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pius-XI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Pius XI</a> </td> <td> 1922–39 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pius-XII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Pius XII</a> </td> <td> 1939–58 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-John-XXIII" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John XXIII</a> </td> <td> 1958–63 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Blessed-Paul-VI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Paul VI</a> </td> <td> 1963–78 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Paul-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John Paul I</a> </td> <td> 1978 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-John-Paul-II" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John Paul II</a> </td> <td> 1978–2005 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-XVI" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Benedict XVI</a> </td> <td> 2005–13 </td> </tr> <tr> <td scope="row"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Francis-I-pope" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Francis I</a> </td> <td> 2013– </td> </tr> </tbody> </table></div> </span> </section><span class="marker end-of-content"></span><span class="marker after-article"></span></div> <div id="chatbot-root"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ai-dialog-placeholder"></div> </div> </div> <aside class="col-md-da-320"></aside> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article></div> </div></div> </div> </main> <div id="md-footer"></div> <noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5W6NC8" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <script type="text/javascript" id="_informizely_script_tag"> var IzWidget = IzWidget || {}; (function (d) { var scriptElement = d.createElement('script'); scriptElement.type = 'text/javascript'; 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