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searchaux" style="display:none">American historian (1888–1965)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Arthur M. Schlesinger" redirects here. For his son, see <a href="/wiki/Arthur_M._Schlesinger_Jr." title="Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.">Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Arthur M. Schlesinger</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Arthur_M._Schlesinger_(Sr.),_Ohio_State_University_Monthly.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Arthur_M._Schlesinger_%28Sr.%29%2C_Ohio_State_University_Monthly.jpg/220px-Arthur_M._Schlesinger_%28Sr.%29%2C_Ohio_State_University_Monthly.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="327" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Arthur_M._Schlesinger_%28Sr.%29%2C_Ohio_State_University_Monthly.jpg/330px-Arthur_M._Schlesinger_%28Sr.%29%2C_Ohio_State_University_Monthly.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Arthur_M._Schlesinger_%28Sr.%29%2C_Ohio_State_University_Monthly.jpg 2x" data-file-width="414" data-file-height="616" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Photograph of Schlesinger, 1919</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Arthur Meier Schlesinger</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1888-02-27</span>)</span>February 27, 1888<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Xenia,_Ohio" title="Xenia, Ohio">Xenia, Ohio</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">October 30, 1965<span style="display:none">(1965-10-30)</span> (aged 77)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, Massachusetts, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_University" title="Ohio State University">Ohio State University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">PhD</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Historian</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_M._Schlesinger_Jr." title="Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.">Arthur Jr.</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Arthur Meier Schlesinger</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ʃ/: 'sh' in 'shy'">ʃ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/dʒ/: 'j' in 'jam'">dʒ</span><span title="/ər/: 'er' in 'letter'">ər</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">SHLESS</span>-in-jər</i></a>; February 27, 1888 – October 30, 1965) was an American <a href="/wiki/Historian" title="Historian">historian</a> who taught at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>, pioneering <a href="/wiki/Social_history" title="Social history">social history</a> and <a href="/wiki/Urban_history" title="Urban history">urban history</a>. He was a <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Era" title="Progressive Era">Progressive Era</a> intellectual who stressed material causes (such as economic profit and conflict between businessmen and farmers) and downplayed ideology and values as motivations for historical actors. He was highly influential as a director of PhD dissertations at Harvard for three decades, especially in the fields of social, <a href="/wiki/History_of_women_in_the_United_States" title="History of women in the United States">women's</a>, and <a href="/wiki/History_of_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="History of immigration to the United States">immigration history</a>. His son, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_M._Schlesinger_Jr." title="Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.">Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.</a> (1917–2007), also taught at Harvard and was a noted historian. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_and_career">Life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_M._Schlesinger_Sr.&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Schlesinger's father, Bernhard Schlesinger, was a <a href="/wiki/German_Jew" class="mw-redirect" title="German Jew">Prussian Jew</a>, and his mother, Kate (<span title="Name at birth"><a href="/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names" title="Birth name">née</a></span> Feurle), was an <a href="/wiki/Austrians" title="Austrians">Austrian</a> Catholic. The two converted to Protestantism together and emigrated to <a href="/wiki/Xenia,_Ohio" title="Xenia, Ohio">Xenia, Ohio</a>, in 1872.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He was born in Xenia, Ohio, and graduated from <a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_University" title="Ohio State University">Ohio State University</a> in 1910. While a student at Ohio State, he was initiated into the Ohio Zeta chapter of the <a href="/wiki/Phi_Delta_Theta" title="Phi Delta Theta">Phi Delta Theta</a> fraternity.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He got his <a href="/wiki/PhD" class="mw-redirect" title="PhD">PhD</a> in history at <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>, where he was influenced by both <a href="/wiki/Herbert_L._Osgood" title="Herbert L. Osgood">Herbert L. Osgood</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Beard" title="Charles A. Beard">Charles A. Beard</a>. He taught at Ohio State and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Iowa" title="University of Iowa">University of Iowa</a> before he joined the faculty of <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> as a professor of history in 1924, succeeded <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Jackson_Turner" title="Frederick Jackson Turner">Frederick Jackson Turner</a> and taught at Harvard until 1954. Harvard's <a href="/wiki/Schlesinger_Library" title="Schlesinger Library">Schlesinger Library</a> in women's history is named after him and his wife, <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Bancroft_Schlesinger" title="Elizabeth Bancroft Schlesinger">Elizabeth</a>, a noted feminist. He became an editor of the <i><a href="/wiki/New_England_Quarterly" class="mw-redirect" title="New England Quarterly">New England Quarterly</a></i> in 1928. That same year, he was elected to the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was elected to the <a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a> in 1941.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Boston in 1929, city officials, under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/James_Michael_Curley" title="James Michael Curley">James Curley</a>, threatened to arrest <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Sanger" title="Margaret Sanger">Margaret Sanger</a> if she spoke on birth control. In response, she stood on stage, silent with a gag over her mouth, while her speech was read by Schlesinger.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He enjoyed strong family ties and commitment. His two sisters, Olga and Marion Etna, became schoolteachers and made it possible for their three younger brothers (George, Arthur, and Hugo) to attend college graduating in engineering, history and law. One of his sons was born <a href="/wiki/Arthur_M._Schlesinger_Jr." title="Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.">Arthur Bancroft Schlesinger</a> and replaced his middle name with "Meier," adding Jr., later in life. </p><p>Schlesinger died at <a href="/wiki/Peter_Bent_Brigham_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter Bent Brigham Hospital">Peter Bent Brigham Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/Boston,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston, Massachusetts">Boston, Massachusetts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ideas">Ideas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_M._Schlesinger_Sr.&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ideas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He pioneered social history and urban history. He was a <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Era" title="Progressive Era">Progressive Era</a> intellectual who stressed material causes (like <a href="/wiki/Economic_profit" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic profit">economic profit</a>) and downplayed <a href="/wiki/Ideology" title="Ideology">ideology</a> and values as motivations for historical actors. He was highly influential as a director of PhD dissertations at Harvard for three decades, especially in the fields of social, women's, and immigration history.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He commented in 1922, "From reading history in textbooks one would think half of our population made only a negligible contribution to history."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He promoted social history by co-editing the 13-volume <i>History of American Life</i> (1928–1943) series with Dixon Ryan Fox. These thick volumes, written by leading young scholars, mostly avoid politics, individuals, and constitutional issues. They instead focus on such topics as society, demographics, economic, housing, fashion, sports, education, and cultural life.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In "Tides of American Politics," a provocative essay in the <i>Yale Review</i> in 1939, he presented his <a href="/wiki/Cyclical_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyclical theory">cyclical view of history</a> which identified irregular oscillations between liberal and conservative national moods, but it attracted few historians apart from his son. Schlesinger introduced the idea of polling historians to <a href="/wiki/Historical_rankings_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Historical rankings of presidents of the United States">rank presidential greatness</a>, which attracted much attention. </p><p>In an essay on "The Significance of Jacksonian Democracy" (in <i>New Viewpoints in American History</i> (1922)), Schlesinger drew attention to the fact that "while democracy was working out its destiny in the forests of the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Mississippi Valley">Mississippi Valley</a>, the men left behind in the eastern cities were engaging in a struggle to establish conditions of equality and social well-being adapted to their special circumstances." </p><p>As a historian of the rise of the city in American life, he argued that for a full understanding of the Jacksonian democratic movement: "It is necessary to consider the changed circumstances of life of the common man in the new industrial centers of the East since the opening years of the nineteenth century." That was a challenge to the frontier thesis of his Harvard colleague <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Jackson_Turner" title="Frederick Jackson Turner">Frederick Jackson Turner</a>. In Schlesinger's essay, the common man of the Mississippi Valley and the common man of eastern industrialism stood uneasily side by side. Schlesinger characterized prejudice against Catholics as "the deepest bias in the history of the American people".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Schlesinger and his students took a group approach to history, sharply downplaying the role of individuals. Groups were defined by ethnicity (Germans, Irish, Jews, Italians, Hispanics, etc.) or by class (working class, middle class). Their model was that the urban environment, including the interaction with other groups, shaped their history and group outlook in deterministic fashion.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_M._Schlesinger_Sr.&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1917 <i>The Colonial Merchants and the American Revolution, 1763–1776</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/colonialmerchan02schlgoog">online</a></li> <li>1919 "The American Revolution Reconsidered," <i>Political Science Quarterly</i>, Vol. 34, No. 1 (Mar., 1919), pp. 61-78</li></ul> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2141520">online</a> </p> <ul><li>1922 <i>New Viewpoints in American History</i>, historiographical essays <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newviewpointsina00sch">online</a></li> <li>1925 <i>Political and Social Growth of the American People, 1865–1940</i>, with Homer C. Hockett; college textbook in numerous editions</li> <li>1926 Political and Social History of the United States, 1829–1925; The Macmillan Company, New York</li> <li>1930 "A Critical Period in American Religion, 1875–1900," <i>Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society</i> 64 (1930–32) pp: 523–47.</li> <li>1933 <i>The Rise of the City, 1878–1898</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/riseofcity1878180000schl">online</a></li> <li>1935 <i>The Colonial Newspapers and the Stamp Act</i> <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/359430">359430</a></li> <li>1940. "The City in American History: <i> Mississippi Valley Historical Review,</i> Vol. 27, No. 1 (Jun., 1940), pp. 43–66 <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1896571">1896571</a>, highly influential article</li> <li>1941 "Patriotism Names the Baby," <i>New England Quarterly</i>, Vol. 14, No. 4 (Dec., 1941), pp. 611–618 <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/360597">360597</a></li> <li>1944 "Biography of a Nation of Joiners," <i>American Historical Review</i>, Vol. 50, No. 1 (Oct., 1944), pp. 1–25 <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1843565">1843565</a></li> <li>1946 <i>Learning How to Behave: A Historical Study of American Etiquette Books</i></li> <li>1949 <i>Paths to the Present</i></li> <li>1951 <i>The rise of modern America, 1865-1951</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/riseofmodernamer0000unse">online</a></li> <li>1958 <i>Prelude to Independence: The Newspaper War on Britain, 1764–1776</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/preludetoindepen00schl">online</a></li> <li>1950 <i>The American As Reformer.</i></li> <li>1954 "A Note on Songs as Patriot Propaganda 1765–1776," <i>William and Mary Quarterly</i> Vol. 11, No. 1 (Jan., 1954), pp. 78–88 <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1923150">1923150</a></li> <li>1955 "Political Mobs and the American Revolution, 1765–1776," <i>Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society'</i> Vol. 99, No. 4 (Aug. 30, 1955), pp. 244–250 <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3143703">3143703</a></li> <li>1963 <i>In Retrospect: The History of a Historian</i>, autobiography <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/inretrospecthist00schl">online</a></li> <li>1968 <i>Birth of the Nation: A Portrait of the American People on the Eve of Independence</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/birthofnationpor0000schl">online</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_M._Schlesinger_Sr.&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonial America">Colonial America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_history" title="Social history">Social history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Harvey_Robinson" title="James Harvey Robinson">James H. Robinson</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_M._Schlesinger_Sr.&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHarper2007" class="citation book cs1">Harper, Steven J. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=09Em7RocAgQC&q=arthur+schlesinger+jewish&pg=PP1"><i>Straddling Worlds: The Jewish-American Journey of Professor Richard W. Leopold</i></a>. Northwestern University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8101-2444-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8101-2444-8"><bdi>978-0-8101-2444-8</bdi></a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Straddling+Worlds%3A+The+Jewish-American+Journey+of+Professor+Richard+W.+Leopold&rft.pub=Northwestern+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-8101-2444-8&rft.aulast=Harper&rft.aufirst=Steven+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D09Em7RocAgQC%26q%3Darthur%2Bschlesinger%2Bjewish%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArthur+M.+Schlesinger+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChace2000" class="citation magazine cs1">Chace, James (December 21, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2000/dec/21/the-age-of-schlesinger/">"The Age of Schlesinger"</a>. <i>The New York Review of Books</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=The+Age+of+Schlesinger&rft.date=2000-12-21&rft.aulast=Chace&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Farticles%2Farchives%2F2000%2Fdec%2F21%2Fthe-age-of-schlesinger%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArthur+M.+Schlesinger+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Makio</i>. Columbus: The Ohio State University. 1910. p. 113.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Makio&rft.place=Columbus&rft.pages=113&rft.pub=The+Ohio+State+University&rft.date=1910&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArthur+M.+Schlesinger+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amacad.org/person/arthur-meier-schlesinger">"Arthur Meier Schlesinger"</a>. <i>American Academy of Arts & Sciences</i>. 10 February 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-04-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Academy+of+Arts+%26+Sciences&rft.atitle=Arthur+Meier+Schlesinger&rft.date=2023-02-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amacad.org%2Fperson%2Farthur-meier-schlesinger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArthur+M.+Schlesinger+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Arthur+M.+Schlesinger&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced">"APS Member History"</a>. <i>search.amphilsoc.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-04-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=search.amphilsoc.org&rft.atitle=APS+Member+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsearch.amphilsoc.org%2Fmemhist%2Fsearch%3Fcreator%3DArthur%2BM.%2BSchlesinger%26title%3D%26subject%3D%26subdiv%3D%26mem%3D%26year%3D%26year-max%3D%26dead%3D%26keyword%3D%26smode%3Dadvanced&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArthur+M.+Schlesinger+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchlesinger1963" class="citation book cs1">Schlesinger, Arthur M. (1963). <i>In Retrospect: The History of a Historian</i>. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World. p. 128.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+Retrospect%3A+The+History+of+a+Historian&rft.pages=128&rft.pub=New+York%3A+Harcourt%2C+Brace+%26+World&rft.date=1963&rft.aulast=Schlesinger&rft.aufirst=Arthur+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArthur+M.+Schlesinger+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLader1973" class="citation book cs1">Lader, Lawrence (1973). <i>The Margaret Sanger Story and the Fight for Birth Control</i>. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press. p. 227.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Margaret+Sanger+Story+and+the+Fight+for+Birth+Control&rft.pages=227&rft.pub=Westport%2C+Conn.%3A+Greenwood+Press&rft.date=1973&rft.aulast=Lader&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArthur+M.+Schlesinger+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/books/00/11/26/specials/schlesinger-senior.html">"Arthur M. Schlesinger Sr., Historian, Dies at 77"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. October 31, 1965.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Arthur+M.+Schlesinger+Sr.%2C+Historian%2C+Dies+at+77&rft.date=1965-10-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fbooks%2F00%2F11%2F26%2Fspecials%2Fschlesinger-senior.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArthur+M.+Schlesinger+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarion_Casey2006" class="citation book cs1">Marion Casey (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=c5TPHakJ98cC&pg=PA7"><i>Making the Irish American: History and Heritage of the Irish in the United States</i></a>. NYU Press. p. 7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-5208-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-5208-1"><bdi>978-0-8147-5208-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Making+the+Irish+American%3A+History+and+Heritage+of+the+Irish+in+the+United+States&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=NYU+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-8147-5208-1&rft.au=Marion+Casey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dc5TPHakJ98cC%26pg%3DPA7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArthur+M.+Schlesinger+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeonard_DinnersteinKenneth_T._Jackson1979" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Dinnerstein" title="Leonard Dinnerstein">Leonard Dinnerstein</a>; Kenneth T. Jackson, eds. (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vqktAQAAIAAJ"><i>American Vistas: 1607–1877</i></a>. Oxford U.P. p. 64. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-502468-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-502468-5"><bdi>978-0-19-502468-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Vistas%3A+1607%E2%80%931877&rft.pages=64&rft.pub=Oxford+U.P.&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-0-19-502468-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvqktAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArthur+M.+Schlesinger+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMark_C._Carnes2004" class="citation book cs1">Mark C. Carnes (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kDeRQaHcZvwC&pg=PA265"><i>Novel History: Historians and Novelists Confront America's Past (and Each Other)</i></a>. Simon and Schuster. p. 265. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-684-85766-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-684-85766-4"><bdi>978-0-684-85766-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Novel+History%3A+Historians+and+Novelists+Confront+America%27s+Past+%28and+Each+Other%29&rft.pages=265&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-684-85766-4&rft.au=Mark+C.+Carnes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkDeRQaHcZvwC%26pg%3DPA265&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArthur+M.+Schlesinger+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrad_Roberts1990" class="citation book cs1">Brad Roberts (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JF3tkUYGbk8C&pg=PA35"><i>The New Democracies: Global Change and U.S. Policy</i></a>. MIT Press. p. 35. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-262-68062-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-262-68062-2"><bdi>978-0-262-68062-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Democracies%3A+Global+Change+and+U.S.+Policy&rft.pages=35&rft.pub=MIT+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0-262-68062-2&rft.au=Brad+Roberts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJF3tkUYGbk8C%26pg%3DPA35&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArthur+M.+Schlesinger+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller1996" class="citation journal cs1">Miller, Zane L. (1996). "The Crisis of Civic and Political Virtue: Urban History, Urban Life and the New Understanding of the City". <i>Reviews in American History</i>. <b>24</b> (3): 361–368. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Frah.1996.0065">10.1353/rah.1996.0065</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144048419">144048419</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+American+History&rft.atitle=The+Crisis+of+Civic+and+Political+Virtue%3A+Urban+History%2C+Urban+Life+and+the+New+Understanding+of+the+City&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=361-368&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Frah.1996.0065&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144048419%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Zane+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArthur+M.+Schlesinger+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_M._Schlesinger_Sr.&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDonald1992" class="citation journal cs1">McDonald, Terrence J. (1992). "Theory and Practice in the 'New' History: Rereading Arthur Meier Schlesinger's <i>The Rise of the City, 1878–1898</i>". <i>Reviews in American History</i>. <b>20</b> (3): 432–445. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2703171">10.2307/2703171</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2703171">2703171</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+American+History&rft.atitle=Theory+and+Practice+in+the+%27New%27+History%3A+Rereading+Arthur+Meier+Schlesinger%27s+The+Rise+of+the+City%2C+1878%E2%80%931898&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=432-445&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2703171&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2703171%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=Terrence+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArthur+M.+Schlesinger+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Bruce M. Stave, ed. (1977), <i>The Making of Urban History: Historiography through Oral History</i>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0803908687">at Google Books</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_sources">Primary sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_M._Schlesinger_Sr.&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Primary sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchlesinger1963" class="citation book cs1">Schlesinger, Arthur M. Sr. (1963). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/inretrospecthist00schl"><i>In Retrospect: The History of a Historian</i></a></span>. Harcourt, Brace & World.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+Retrospect%3A+The+History+of+a+Historian&rft.pub=Harcourt%2C+Brace+%26+World&rft.date=1963&rft.aulast=Schlesinger&rft.aufirst=Arthur+M.+Sr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Finretrospecthist00schl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArthur+M.+Schlesinger+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchlesinger2000" class="citation book cs1">Schlesinger, Arthur M. Jr. (2000). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifeintwentiethc00schl_0"><i>A Life in the Twentieth Century</i></a></span>. Houghton Mifflin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-395-70752-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-395-70752-4"><bdi>978-0-395-70752-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Life+in+the+Twentieth+Century&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-395-70752-4&rft.aulast=Schlesinger&rft.aufirst=Arthur+M.+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flifeintwentiethc00schl_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArthur+M.+Schlesinger+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_M._Schlesinger_Sr.&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Schlesinger%2C%20Arthur%20M.%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Schlesinger%2C%20Arthur%20M%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Schlesinger%2C%20A%2E%20M%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Arthur%20M.%20Schlesinger%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Arthur%20M%2E%20Schlesinger%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22A%2E%20M%2E%20Schlesinger%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Schlesinger%2C%20Arthur%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Arthur%20Schlesinger%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Arthur%20M.%20Schlesinger%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Arthur%20M%2E%20Schlesinger%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22A%2E%20M%2E%20Schlesinger%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22A%2E%20M.%20Schlesinger%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Schlesinger%2C%20Arthur%20M.%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Schlesinger%2C%20Arthur%20M%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Schlesinger%2C%20A%2E%20M%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Schlesinger%2C%20A%2E%20M.%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Arthur%20Schlesinger%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Schlesinger%2C%20Arthur%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Arthur%20M.%20Schlesinger%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Arthur%20M%2E%20Schlesinger%22%20OR%20title%3A%22A%2E%20M%2E%20Schlesinger%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Arthur%20Schlesinger%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Arthur%20M.%20Schlesinger%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Arthur%20M%2E%20Schlesinger%22%20OR%20description%3A%22A%2E%20M%2E%20Schlesinger%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Schlesinger%2C%20Arthur%20M.%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Schlesinger%2C%20Arthur%20M%2E%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Arthur%20Schlesinger%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Schlesinger%2C%20Arthur%22%29%20OR%20%28%221888-1965%22%20AND%20Schlesinger%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about Arthur M. Schlesinger Sr.</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:American_Historical_Association_presidents" title="Template:American Historical Association presidents"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:American_Historical_Association_presidents" title="Template talk:American Historical Association presidents"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:American_Historical_Association_presidents" title="Special:EditPage/Template:American Historical Association presidents"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_of_the_American_Historical_Association" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Presidents of the <a href="/wiki/American_Historical_Association" title="American Historical Association">American Historical Association</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1884–1900</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Dickson_White" title="Andrew Dickson White">Andrew Dickson White</a> (1884–1885)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Bancroft" title="George Bancroft">George Bancroft</a> (1886)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Justin_Winsor" title="Justin Winsor">Justin Winsor</a> (1887)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Frederick_Poole" title="William Frederick Poole">William Frederick Poole</a> (1888)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Kendall_Adams" title="Charles Kendall Adams">Charles Kendall Adams</a> (1889)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Jay_(lawyer)" title="John Jay (lawyer)">John Jay</a> (1890)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Wirt_Henry" title="William Wirt Henry">William Wirt Henry</a> (1891)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Burrill_Angell" title="James Burrill Angell">James Burrill Angell</a> (1892–1893)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Adams" title="Henry Adams">Henry Adams</a> (1893–1894)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_F._Hoar" title="George F. Hoar">George F. Hoar</a> (1895)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Salter_Storrs" title="Richard Salter Storrs">Richard Salter Storrs</a> (1896)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Schouler" title="James Schouler">James Schouler</a> (1897)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Park_Fisher" title="George Park Fisher">George Park Fisher</a> (1898)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Ford_Rhodes" title="James Ford Rhodes">James Ford Rhodes</a> (1899)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Eggleston" title="Edward Eggleston">Edward Eggleston</a> (1900)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1901–1925</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Francis_Adams_Jr." title="Charles Francis Adams Jr.">Charles Francis Adams Jr.</a> (1901)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Thayer_Mahan" title="Alfred Thayer Mahan">Alfred Thayer Mahan</a> (1902)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Charles_Lea" title="Henry Charles Lea">Henry Charles Lea</a> (1903)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Goldwin_Smith" title="Goldwin Smith">Goldwin Smith</a> (1904)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Bach_McMaster" title="John Bach McMaster">John Bach McMaster</a> (1905)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Simeon_E._Baldwin" title="Simeon E. Baldwin">Simeon E. Baldwin</a> (1906)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/J._Franklin_Jameson" title="J. Franklin Jameson">J. Franklin Jameson</a> (1907)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Burton_Adams" title="George Burton Adams">George Burton Adams</a> (1908)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Bushnell_Hart" title="Albert Bushnell Hart">Albert Bushnell Hart</a> (1909)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Jackson_Turner" title="Frederick Jackson Turner">Frederick Jackson Turner</a> (1910)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Milligan_Sloane" title="William Milligan Sloane">William Milligan Sloane</a> (1911)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a> (1912)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Archibald_Dunning" title="William Archibald Dunning">William Archibald Dunning</a> (1913)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_C._McLaughlin" title="Andrew C. McLaughlin">Andrew C. McLaughlin</a> (1914)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/H._Morse_Stephens" title="H. Morse Stephens">H. Morse Stephens</a> (1915)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Lincoln_Burr" title="George Lincoln Burr">George Lincoln Burr</a> (1916)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Worthington_C._Ford" title="Worthington C. Ford">Worthington C. Ford</a> (1917)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Roscoe_Thayer" title="William Roscoe Thayer">William Roscoe Thayer</a> (1918–1919)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Channing" title="Edward Channing">Edward Channing</a> (1920)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Jules_Jusserand" title="Jean Jules Jusserand">Jean Jules Jusserand</a> (1921)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Homer_Haskins" title="Charles Homer Haskins">Charles Homer Haskins</a> (1922)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Potts_Cheyney" title="Edward Potts Cheyney">Edward Potts Cheyney</a> (1923)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a> (1924)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_McLean_Andrews" title="Charles McLean Andrews">Charles McLean Andrews</a> (1924–1925)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1926–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dana_Carleton_Munro" title="Dana Carleton Munro">Dana Carleton Munro</a> (1926)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Osborn_Taylor" title="Henry Osborn Taylor">Henry Osborn Taylor</a> (1927)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Henry_Breasted" title="James Henry Breasted">James Henry Breasted</a> (1928)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Harvey_Robinson" title="James Harvey Robinson">James Harvey Robinson</a> (1929)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Evarts_Boutell_Greene" title="Evarts Boutell Greene">Evarts Boutell Greene</a> (1930)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carl_L._Becker" title="Carl L. Becker">Carl L. Becker</a> (1931)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Eugene_Bolton" title="Herbert Eugene Bolton">Herbert Eugene Bolton</a> (1932)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Beard" title="Charles A. Beard">Charles A. Beard</a> (1933)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Dodd_(ambassador)" title="William Dodd (ambassador)">William Dodd</a> (1934)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Rostovtzeff" title="Michael Rostovtzeff">Michael Rostovtzeff</a> (1935)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Howard_McIlwain" title="Charles Howard McIlwain">Charles Howard McIlwain</a> (1936)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Guy_Stanton_Ford" title="Guy Stanton Ford">Guy Stanton Ford</a> (1937)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Laurence_M._Larson" title="Laurence M. Larson">Laurence M. Larson</a> (1938)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Scott_Ferguson" title="William Scott Ferguson">William Scott Ferguson</a> (1939)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Max_Farrand" title="Max Farrand">Max Farrand</a> (1940)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Westfall_Thompson" title="James Westfall Thompson">James Westfall Thompson</a> (1941)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Arthur M. Schlesinger Sr.</a> (1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nellie_Neilson" title="Nellie Neilson">Nellie Neilson</a> (1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Linn_Westermann" title="William Linn Westermann">William Linn Westermann</a> (1944)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlton_J._H._Hayes" title="Carlton J. H. Hayes">Carlton J. H. Hayes</a> (1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Bradshaw_Fay" title="Sidney Bradshaw Fay">Sidney Bradshaw Fay</a> (1946)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Wertenbaker" title="Thomas J. Wertenbaker">Thomas J. Wertenbaker</a> (1947)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Scott_Latourette" title="Kenneth Scott Latourette">Kenneth Scott Latourette</a> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Conyers_Read" title="Conyers Read">Conyers Read</a> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Eliot_Morison" title="Samuel Eliot Morison">Samuel Eliot Morison</a> (1950)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Livingston_Schuyler" title="Robert Livingston Schuyler">Robert Livingston Schuyler</a> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_G._Randall" title="James G. Randall">James G. Randall</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_R._Gottschalk" title="Louis R. Gottschalk">Louis R. Gottschalk</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Merle_Curti" title="Merle Curti">Merle Curti</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Thorndike" title="Lynn Thorndike">Lynn Thorndike</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dexter_Perkins" title="Dexter Perkins">Dexter Perkins</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_L._Langer" title="William L. Langer">William L. Langer</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Prescott_Webb" title="Walter Prescott Webb">Walter Prescott Webb</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Allan_Nevins" title="Allan Nevins">Allan Nevins</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bernadotte_Everly_Schmitt" title="Bernadotte Everly Schmitt">Bernadotte Everly Schmitt</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Flagg_Bemis" title="Samuel Flagg Bemis">Samuel Flagg Bemis</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Bridenbaugh" title="Carl Bridenbaugh">Carl Bridenbaugh</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Crane_Brinton" title="Crane Brinton">Crane Brinton</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julian_P._Boyd" title="Julian P. Boyd">Julian P. Boyd</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frederic_C._Lane" title="Frederic C. Lane">Frederic C. Lane</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roy_Franklin_Nichols" title="Roy Franklin Nichols">Roy Franklin Nichols</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hajo_Holborn" title="Hajo Holborn">Hajo Holborn</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_King_Fairbank" title="John King Fairbank">John King Fairbank</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/C._Vann_Woodward" title="C. Vann Woodward">C. Vann Woodward</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Roswell_Palmer" title="Robert Roswell Palmer">Robert Roswell Palmer</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_M._Potter" title="David M. Potter">David M. Potter</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Strayer" title="Joseph Strayer">Joseph Strayer</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._Cochran_(historian)" title="Thomas C. Cochran (historian)">Thomas C. Cochran</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Townsend_White_Jr." title="Lynn Townsend White Jr.">Lynn Townsend White Jr.</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Hanke" title="Lewis Hanke">Lewis Hanke</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Wright_(historian)" title="Gordon Wright (historian)">Gordon Wright</a> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_B._Morris" title="Richard B. Morris">Richard B. Morris</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gibson_(historian)" title="Charles Gibson (historian)">Charles Gibson</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_J._Bouwsma" class="mw-redirect" title="William J. Bouwsma">William J. Bouwsma</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Hope_Franklin" title="John Hope Franklin">John Hope Franklin</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_H._Pinkney" title="David H. Pinkney">David H. Pinkney</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Bailyn" title="Bernard Bailyn">Bernard Bailyn</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gordon_A._Craig" title="Gordon A. Craig">Gordon A. Craig</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philip_D._Curtin" title="Philip D. Curtin">Philip D. Curtin</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_S._Link" title="Arthur S. Link">Arthur S. Link</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_H._McNeill" title="William H. McNeill">William H. McNeill</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carl_N._Degler" title="Carl N. Degler">Carl N. Degler</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Natalie_Zemon_Davis" title="Natalie Zemon Davis">Natalie Zemon Davis</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Akira_Iriye" title="Akira Iriye">Akira Iriye</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_R._Harlan" title="Louis R. Harlan">Louis R. Harlan</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Herlihy" title="David Herlihy">David Herlihy</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Leuchtenburg" title="William Leuchtenburg">William Leuchtenburg</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Wakeman" title="Frederic Wakeman">Frederic Wakeman</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louise_A._Tilly" title="Louise A. Tilly">Louise A. Tilly</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._Holt" title="Thomas C. Holt">Thomas C. Holt</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Coatsworth" title="John Henry Coatsworth">John Henry Coatsworth</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Walker_Bynum" title="Caroline Walker Bynum">Caroline Walker Bynum</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joyce_Appleby" title="Joyce Appleby">Joyce Appleby</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_C._Miller" title="Joseph C. Miller">Joseph C. Miller</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Darnton" title="Robert Darnton">Robert Darnton</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Foner" title="Eric Foner">Eric Foner</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wm._Roger_Louis" title="Wm. Roger Louis">Wm. Roger Louis</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Hunt" title="Lynn Hunt">Lynn Hunt</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_M._McPherson" title="James M. McPherson">James M. McPherson</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_D._Spence" title="Jonathan D. Spence">Jonathan D. Spence</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_J._Sheehan" title="James J. Sheehan">James J. Sheehan</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Linda_K._Kerber" title="Linda K. Kerber">Linda K. Kerber</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Weinstein_(historian)" title="Barbara Weinstein (historian)">Barbara Weinstein</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gabrielle_M._Spiegel" title="Gabrielle M. Spiegel">Gabrielle M. Spiegel</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Laurel_Thatcher_Ulrich" title="Laurel Thatcher Ulrich">Laurel Thatcher Ulrich</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_D._Metcalf" title="Barbara D. Metcalf">Barbara D. Metcalf</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Grafton" title="Anthony Grafton">Anthony Grafton</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Cronon" title="William Cronon">William Cronon</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Pomeranz" title="Kenneth Pomeranz">Kenneth Pomeranz</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jan_E._Goldstein" title="Jan E. Goldstein">Jan E. Goldstein</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vicki_L._Ruiz" title="Vicki L. Ruiz">Vicki L. Ruiz</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Manning_(historian)" title="Patrick Manning (historian)">Patrick Manning</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tyler_E._Stovall" title="Tyler E. Stovall">Tyler E. Stovall</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Beth_Norton" title="Mary Beth Norton">Mary Beth Norton</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/J._R._McNeill" title="J. R. McNeill">J. R. McNeill</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Lindemann" title="Mary Lindemann">Mary Lindemann</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Jones" title="Jacqueline Jones">Jacqueline Jones</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_H._Sweet" title="James H. Sweet">James H. Sweet</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Wallace_Muir_Jr." title="Edward Wallace Muir Jr.">Edward Muir</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Thavolia_Glymph" title="Thavolia Glymph">Thavolia Glymph</a></i> (2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4799614#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/122662334">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79007439">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11923994n">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11923994n">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00455586">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35480647">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" 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