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href="#The_Other_White_House_(the_U.S._President's_House)_in_Washington,_D.C."> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>The Other White House (the U.S. President's House) in Washington, D.C.</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Other_White_House_(the_U.S._President's_House)_in_Washington,_D.C.-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Location_of_the_White_House_Mansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Location_of_the_White_House_Mansion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Location of the White House Mansion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Location_of_the_White_House_Mansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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class="mw-redirect" title="White House Plantation">White House Plantation</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Private residence in Virginia, United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">White House Plantation</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:White_House,_formerly_residence_of_Mrs._Custis_Washington,_now_the_residence_of_Col._Lee,_17th_May,_1862_LCCN2014646904_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/White_House%2C_formerly_residence_of_Mrs._Custis_Washington%2C_now_the_residence_of_Col._Lee%2C_17th_May%2C_1862_LCCN2014646904_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-White_House%2C_formerly_residence_of_Mrs._Custis_Washington%2C_now_the_residence_of_Col._Lee%2C_17th_May%2C_1862_LCCN2014646904_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/White_House%2C_formerly_residence_of_Mrs._Custis_Washington%2C_now_the_residence_of_Col._Lee%2C_17th_May%2C_1862_LCCN2014646904_%28cropped%29.jpg/375px-White_House%2C_formerly_residence_of_Mrs._Custis_Washington%2C_now_the_residence_of_Col._Lee%2C_17th_May%2C_1862_LCCN2014646904_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/White_House%2C_formerly_residence_of_Mrs._Custis_Washington%2C_now_the_residence_of_Col._Lee%2C_17th_May%2C_1862_LCCN2014646904_%28cropped%29.jpg/500px-White_House%2C_formerly_residence_of_Mrs._Custis_Washington%2C_now_the_residence_of_Col._Lee%2C_17th_May%2C_1862_LCCN2014646904_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3757" data-file-height="2610" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="text-align: center">White House plantation, 1862</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="13" data-overlays="["_f716422cba5ec74fbc4df70f22c6636e8643ea0a"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=White_House_%28plantation%29&revid=1236628118&groups=_f716422cba5ec74fbc4df70f22c6636e8643ea0a" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=White_House_%28plantation%29&revid=1236628118&groups=_f716422cba5ec74fbc4df70f22c6636e8643ea0a 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/House" title="House">Private residence</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architectural style</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Georgian_architecture" title="Georgian architecture">Georgian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/New_Kent_County" class="mw-redirect" title="New Kent County">New Kent County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=White_House_(plantation)&params=37_34_31.142_N_77_1_43.477_W_type:landmark_region:US"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°34′31.142″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°1′43.477″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.57531722°N 77.02874361°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">37.57531722; -77.02874361</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Construction started</th><td class="infobox-data">Late 17th Century</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Destroyed</th><td class="infobox-data">1862; 1875</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Col._John_Lightfoot_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Col. John Lightfoot III (page does not exist)">Col. John Lightfoot III</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Goodrich_Lightfoot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Goodrich Lightfoot (page does not exist)">Goodrich Lightfoot</a><br /><a href="/wiki/John_Custis" title="John Custis">John Custis</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Parke_Custis" title="Daniel Parke Custis">Daniel Parke Custis</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Martha_Washington" title="Martha Washington">Martha Washington</a><br /><a href="/wiki/John_Parke_Custis" title="John Parke Custis">John Parke Custis</a><br /><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Parke_Custis" title="George Washington Parke Custis">George Washington Parke Custis</a><br /><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Fitzhugh_Lee" class="mw-redirect" title="William Henry Fitzhugh Lee">William Henry Fitzhugh Lee</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>White House</b> was a late 17th-century <a href="/wiki/Plantation_complexes_in_the_Southern_United_States" title="Plantation complexes in the Southern United States">plantation</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Pamunkey_River" title="Pamunkey River">Pamunkey River</a> near <a href="/wiki/White_House,_Virginia" title="White House, Virginia">White House</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_Kent_County,_Virginia" title="New Kent County, Virginia">New Kent County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>. There were a total of three White Houses all built on the original pre-1700 foundation. The original White House Mansion was built by Colonel John Lightfoot III just before 1700 and while he was Counselor of State. </p><p>The White House Plantation was part of a large land holding that <a href="/wiki/John_Custis" title="John Custis">John Custis</a>, father of <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Parke_Custis" title="Daniel Parke Custis">Daniel Parke Custis</a>, purchased from the family of John Lightfoot III.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After John Custis died, he left the White House Plantation to his son Daniel Parke Custis, the first husband of <a href="/wiki/Martha_Washington" title="Martha Washington">Martha Dandridge Custis</a>. The two would marry on May 15, 1750. Daniel Parke Custis would unexpectedly die in 1757, leaving the White House Plantation to his wife.<sup id="cite_ref-CW_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CW-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Yates_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yates-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the death of her first husband, Martha Dandridge Custis would later meet <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a> and on January 6, 1759 would hold their wedding ceremony in one of the rooms of the White House Mansion.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Union troops stationed at the White House Plantation (of the <a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Potomac" title="Army of the Potomac">Army of the Potomac</a>) under the command of <a href="/wiki/George_B._McClellan" title="George B. McClellan">George B. McClellan</a>, would burn the second White House to the ground on June 28, 1862, as they retreated during the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Days_Battles" title="Seven Days Battles">Seven Days Battles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The third and final White House burned in 1880. The three White Houses collectively spanned over 180 years. The 2nd and 3rd iterations were smaller than the original White House Mansion.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_House_(plantation)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prior_to_the_Custis_Family">Prior to the Custis Family</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_House_(plantation)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Prior to the Custis Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Powhatan_Wars" title="Anglo-Powhatan Wars">Third Anglo-Powhatan War</a>, the General Assembly began setting up Forts along York River and its tributaries (which are known now as the Pamunkey and Mattaponi Rivers).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Captain Roger Marshall was to manage Fort Royal (also known as Rickahock), for three years.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After fulfilling the requirements he was granted a patent for the 600 acres of Rickahock (including Fort Royal and any buildings within), on March 14, 1649.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same day he sold these 600 acres of Rickahock to General Manwarring Hammond.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These 600 acres brought Gen. Hammond's total landholding patents to 3760 acres on the south side of York River.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the same day as Gen. Hammond received the 600 acres of Rickahock from Capt. Marshall, Colonel Philip Honeywood was granted a patent of 3050 acres.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This included 1550 acres above Warrannucock Island (now known as the Pamunkey Indian Reservation) and 1500 acres south side of the York River near the Island.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Together the tracts of land owned by Gen. Hammond and Col. Honeywood spanned six square miles.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both men were Royalist Officers who had originally fled England to escape <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Once the <a href="/wiki/Restoration_(England)" class="mw-redirect" title="Restoration (England)">Restoration</a> came, they left Virginia for home. </p><p>After leaving for England, the two tracts of land were later conveyed to Captain William Bassett on January 23, 1670 through his correspondence with Colonel Henry Norwood.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the deeds had been lost due to a fire that destroyed New Kent County records, it is thought that Colonel John Lightfoot III purchased the lands from the William Bassett Estate around 1686, after he arrived from England with his wife Anne (Goodrich) Lightfoot.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Col. John Lightfoot III constructed the White House Mansion prior to 1700.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "The house was a commodious one, with adequate room for entertainment of a large gathering and guests such as could be provided for by a large Colonial Plantation which had servants aplenty and provisions of all kinds".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following Col. John Lightfoot III's death in 1709, his landholdings were divided amongst his sons: Sherwood Lightfoot, Goodrich Lightfoot, and Thomas Lightfoot.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the diary of <a href="/wiki/William_Byrd_II" title="William Byrd II">Col. William Byrd</a>, there he mentioned Sherwood Lightfoot resided at Rickahock (the southern portion and originally part of Fort Royal) and his younger brother, Goodrich Lightfoot, at the White House Plantation (the northern portion) where the White House Mansion was located.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is unknown what portions of John Lightfoot III's estate went to his youngest son Thomas Lightfoot, and whether any property was given to Col. John Lightfoot's daughter Alice Lightfoot.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_New_Kent,_Charles_City,_James_City_and_York_Counties_Close-Up.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Map_of_New_Kent%2C_Charles_City%2C_James_City_and_York_Counties_Close-Up.jpg/220px-Map_of_New_Kent%2C_Charles_City%2C_James_City_and_York_Counties_Close-Up.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Map_of_New_Kent%2C_Charles_City%2C_James_City_and_York_Counties_Close-Up.jpg/330px-Map_of_New_Kent%2C_Charles_City%2C_James_City_and_York_Counties_Close-Up.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Map_of_New_Kent%2C_Charles_City%2C_James_City_and_York_Counties_Close-Up.jpg/440px-Map_of_New_Kent%2C_Charles_City%2C_James_City_and_York_Counties_Close-Up.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2681" data-file-height="1933" /></a><figcaption>Location of the White House can be seen on this map along the Pamunkey River. This map from 1863 includes the area in which the White House Plantation is located as well as the 6 square miles of land that the Lightfoots conveyed to the Custis family in the 1700s.</figcaption></figure> <p>John Lightfoot III's total landholdings included acreage he had acquired from William Bassett’s estate. Specifically Anthony Langston’s plantation, Gen. Hammond’s Fort Royal tract, and land to the east of Manquin Creek.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sherwood Lightfoot would die April 20, 1730.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1727 Goodrich Lightfoot moved from the White House Plantation to Spotsylvania County and later died in 1738 while living in Orange County.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the records had been lost both Goodrich Lightfoot and Sherwood Lightfoot would convey the entire property of John Lightfoot III to <a href="/wiki/John_Custis" title="John Custis">Colonel John Custis</a> (father to <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Parke_Custis" title="Daniel Parke Custis">Daniel Parke Custis</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 1735 there are records showing Col. John Custis owned the Old Quarter and the land upon the river.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Antebellum_years">Antebellum years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_House_(plantation)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Antebellum years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A wealthy widow, Martha Custis was courted by <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a>, whom she married in 1759.<sup id="cite_ref-CW_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CW-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly thereafter, he resigned his Virginia military commission and they moved to his farm at <a href="/wiki/Mount_Vernon" title="Mount Vernon">Mount Vernon</a> in <a href="/wiki/Fairfax_County,_Virginia" title="Fairfax County, Virginia">Fairfax County</a> overlooking the <a href="/wiki/Potomac_River" title="Potomac River">Potomac River</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CW_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CW-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-online,_PDF_format_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-online,_PDF_format-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>George Washington had no children, but his wife, the widowed Martha Dandridge Custis Washington had children from her first marriage to Daniel Parke Custis.<sup id="cite_ref-CW_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CW-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-online,_PDF_format_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-online,_PDF_format-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her son, <a href="/wiki/John_Parke_Custis" title="John Parke Custis">John Parke "Jacky" Custis</a> (1754–1781) married <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Calvert" title="Eleanor Calvert">Eleanor Calvert</a> on February 3, 1774. The couple then moved to the White House plantation in New Kent County, Virginia.<sup id="cite_ref-Yates_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yates-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> John Parke Custis soon purchased the <a href="/wiki/Abingdon_(plantation)" title="Abingdon (plantation)">Abingdon plantation</a>, where they moved in 1778.<sup id="cite_ref-Yates_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yates-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>John Parke Custis died in 1781 after contracting "camp fever" at the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Yorktown" title="Siege of Yorktown">Siege of Yorktown</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Yates_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yates-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His two youngest children became wards of his mother, Martha Dandridge Custis Washington and her husband George Washington. <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Parke_Custis_Lewis" title="Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis">Eleanor Parke Custis</a> (later Lewis) and six-month old <a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Parke_Custis" title="George Washington Parke Custis">George Washington Parke Custis</a> (1781–1857) were never adopted by them.<sup id="cite_ref-GW_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GW-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Martha's grandchildren lived with their guardians at Mount Vernon. </p><p>George Washington was the first <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a>. His wife Martha was known as "Lady Washington." The honorary title of First Lady was invented years later. </p><p>The ward of George and Martha Washington, George Washington Parke Custis began construction on <a href="/wiki/Arlington_House,_The_Robert_E._Lee_Memorial" title="Arlington House, The Robert E. Lee Memorial">Arlington House</a>, then in the <a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a> in 1802. He intending it to become a memorial to George Washington, who had died in 1799. Arlington House later became the home of his daughter, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Anna_Custis_Lee" title="Mary Anna Custis Lee">Mary Anna Randolph Custis</a>, born in 1807, who in 1831 married <a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Lee" title="Robert E. Lee">Robert E. Lee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Perry,_John_2003_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perry,_John_2003-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1846, most of the area of the District of Columbia south of the Potomac River was <a href="/wiki/Retrocession" class="mw-redirect" title="Retrocession">retroceded</a> to <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>, including the land occupied by Arlington House and the surrounding plantation.<sup id="cite_ref-debates_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-debates-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Robert Edward Lee and his wife Mary Anna Randolph Custis Lee had seven children, of whom three boys and three girls survived to adulthood.<sup id="cite_ref-Perry,_John_2003_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perry,_John_2003-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of these, the second son was <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Fitzhugh_Lee" class="mw-redirect" title="William Henry Fitzhugh Lee">William H.F. "Rooney" Lee</a> (1837–1891), who was born at Arlington House.<sup id="cite_ref-AH_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AH-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rooney Lee was educated at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>, and then followed his father's footsteps into service with the U.S. Army.<sup id="cite_ref-AH_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AH-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in 1859, he resigned his commission.<sup id="cite_ref-AH_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AH-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rooney Lee moved to White House Plantation, which he had inherited from his grandfather, who died in 1857.<sup id="cite_ref-AH_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AH-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He married Charlotte Wickham, a descendant of attorney <a href="/wiki/John_Wickham_(1763)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wickham (1763)">John Wickham</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AH_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AH-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had two children, a boy and a girl, who both died in infancy.<sup id="cite_ref-AH_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AH-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His wife, Charlotte, died in 1863.<sup id="cite_ref-AH_11-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AH-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Plantation_house_in_the_Southern_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantation house in the Southern United States">plantation house</a> at White House Plantation, which was burned in 1862, had been the second of three which occupied the site over the years, all destroyed by fires.<sup id="cite_ref-NKC_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NKC-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>White House was the site of the crossing of the Pamunkey River of the <a href="/wiki/Richmond_and_York_River_Railroad" title="Richmond and York River Railroad">Richmond and York River Railroad</a>, which was completed in 1861 between <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Point,_Virginia" title="West Point, Virginia">West Point</a>, where the Pamunkey and the <a href="/wiki/Mattaponi_River" title="Mattaponi River">Mattaponi Rivers</a> converge to form the <a href="/wiki/York_River_(Virginia)" title="York River (Virginia)">York River</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="American_Civil_War_years">American Civil War years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_House_(plantation)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: American Civil War years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When the U.S. Civil War broke out in 1861, <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> joined the newly formed <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States of America</a>. The historical home of Daniel Parke Custis and Martha Dandridge Custis (later Washington) was destroyed by Union troops in 1862. Martha's son, John Parke Custis had left the property to his son, George Washington Parke Custis who left it in his will to his grandson, William Henry Fitzhugh Lee through his daughter, Mary Ann Randolph Custis Lee who had married a career soldier, Robert Edward Lee. </p><p>The Lee couple never owned the White House plantation, and Robert E. Lee never owned her Custis family home, <a href="/wiki/Arlington_House,_The_Robert_E._Lee_Memorial" title="Arlington House, The Robert E. Lee Memorial">Arlington House</a> in northern Virginia. Just before the war, Robert E. Lee was the superintendent of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point. As a career U.S. Army officer, Lee was offered command of all Union forces by U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a>. After thinking about it overnight at his wife's family home at Arlington House near Washington City, Lee resigned his commission to fight for his home state of Virginia. All three of his sons joined him in military service for the Confederacy. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ruins_of_White_House_Plantation_,_New_Kent_County_Va.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Ruins_of_White_House_Plantation_%2C_New_Kent_County_Va.jpg/175px-Ruins_of_White_House_Plantation_%2C_New_Kent_County_Va.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Ruins_of_White_House_Plantation_%2C_New_Kent_County_Va.jpg/263px-Ruins_of_White_House_Plantation_%2C_New_Kent_County_Va.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Ruins_of_White_House_Plantation_%2C_New_Kent_County_Va.jpg/350px-Ruins_of_White_House_Plantation_%2C_New_Kent_County_Va.jpg 2x" data-file-width="602" data-file-height="597" /></a><figcaption>Ruins of White House Plantation</figcaption></figure> <p>Unfortunately, Mary Ann Randolph Custis Lee suffered from <a href="/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis" title="Rheumatoid arthritis">rheumatoid arthritis</a> that became increasingly debilitating with advancing age. By 1861, she was using a wheelchair. Her son, William Henry Fitzhugh "Rooney" Lee had inherited the White House plantation from her father, George Washington Parke Custis. Mrs. Mary Ann Randolph Custis Lee and her daughters traveled from Arlington House to the White House when the war began. Union troops under the command of General <a href="/wiki/George_B._McClellan" title="George B. McClellan">George B. McClellan</a> took White House Landing to use as a supply base during the <a href="/wiki/Peninsula_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Peninsula Campaign">Peninsula Campaign</a> in 1862. <sup id="cite_ref-NKC_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NKC-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> General McClellan then made arrangements for Mrs. Robert Lee's safe passage through the Union lines to Richmond, where she lived at 707 E. Franklin Street (still-extant house) for the rest of the War. </p><p>During the Peninsula Campaign, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Law_Olmsted" title="Frederick Law Olmsted">Frederick Law Olmsted</a>, designer of <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Central_Park" title="Central Park">Central Park</a> among his many accomplishments, served as Executive Secretary of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Sanitary_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Sanitary Commission">U.S. Sanitary Commission</a>, a precursor to the <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Cross">Red Cross</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Washington D.C.">Washington D.C.</a> which tended to the Union wounded during the Civil War. Olmsted headed the medical effort for the sick and wounded at White House Landing until McClellan abandoned it as he retreated with his troops during the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Days_Battles" title="Seven Days Battles">Seven Days Battles</a> and shifted his base to <a href="/wiki/Harrison%27s_Landing" class="mw-redirect" title="Harrison's Landing">Harrison's Landing</a> on the <a href="/wiki/James_River_(Virginia)" class="mw-redirect" title="James River (Virginia)">James River</a>. The White House was burned by retreating Union troops.<sup id="cite_ref-NKC_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NKC-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was not the original White House Mansion. The original White House Mansion built by Col. John Lightfoot III had been removed to "make way for the structure which stood on the same site and burned on June 27, 1862".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Postbellum_years">Postbellum years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_House_(plantation)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Postbellum years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Benson_Lossing_-_White_House_Plantation.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Benson_Lossing_-_White_House_Plantation.jpg/220px-Benson_Lossing_-_White_House_Plantation.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Benson_Lossing_-_White_House_Plantation.jpg/330px-Benson_Lossing_-_White_House_Plantation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Benson_Lossing_-_White_House_Plantation.jpg/440px-Benson_Lossing_-_White_House_Plantation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1560" data-file-height="904" /></a><figcaption>White House as it appeared when rebuilt after the American Civil War</figcaption></figure> <p>William Henry Fitzhugh "Rooney" Lee lost his wife and children during the War. He was captured and held as a prisoner-of-war in New York after the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brandy_Station" title="Battle of Brandy Station">Battle of Brandy Station</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AH_11-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AH-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the War, Rooney Lee returned to White House Plantation.<sup id="cite_ref-AH_11-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AH-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1867, he married again.<sup id="cite_ref-AH_11-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AH-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With his second wife, Mary Tab Bolling Lee, he had several children.<sup id="cite_ref-AH_11-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AH-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nearby, his younger brother <a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Lee,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Robert E. Lee, Jr.">Rob</a> lived at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Romancoke_Plantation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Romancoke Plantation (page does not exist)">Romancoke Plantation</a> across the river in <a href="/wiki/King_William_County,_Virginia" title="King William County, Virginia">King William County</a>. </p><p>After his mother died in 1873, Rooney inherited the <a href="/wiki/Ravensworth_(plantation)" title="Ravensworth (plantation)">Ravensworth Estate</a>, the old Fitzhugh family property (near present-day <a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Virginia" title="Springfield, Virginia">Springfield</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Fairfax_County,_Virginia" title="Fairfax County, Virginia">Fairfax County</a> with 563 acres (2.28 km<sup>2</sup>) of land. In 1874, he moved there from White House Plantation. </p><p>Rooney Lee was elected to the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Senate" title="Virginia Senate">Virginia Senate</a> in 1875, serving until 1878. He was then elected as a <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrat</a> to the <a href="/wiki/US_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="US House of Representatives">US House of Representatives</a> in 1887. He served in the House until his death at Ravensworth in 1891.<sup id="cite_ref-AH_11-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AH-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is interred in the <a href="/wiki/Lee_Chapel" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee Chapel">Lee Chapel</a> at <a href="/wiki/Washington_and_Lee_University" title="Washington and Lee University">Washington and Lee University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Virginia" title="Lexington, Virginia">Lexington, Virginia</a> with his parents and siblings. </p><p>Following the Civil War and the burning of the White House Mansion, another similar house was built upon the same foundation. This would be the third and final White House built at the plantation. This house subsequently burned in 1880.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="US_Park_Service_Excavation_in_1935">US Park Service Excavation in 1935</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_House_(plantation)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: US Park Service Excavation in 1935"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A 1935 excavation by the United States Park Service discovered "traces of three different houses on the same foundations."<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These included the original White House Mansion, the second that burned down during the Civil War on 27 June 1862, and the third that burned in 1880. The oldest bricks were laid in <a href="/wiki/Brickwork#English_bond" title="Brickwork">English Bond</a> and were from before 1700.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Other_White_House_(the_U.S._President's_House)_in_Washington,_D.C."><span id="The_Other_White_House_.28the_U.S._President.27s_House.29_in_Washington.2C_D.C."></span>The Other White House (the U.S. President's House) in Washington, D.C.</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_House_(plantation)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: The Other White House (the U.S. President's House) in Washington, D.C."><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Located in the town named for the first U.S. president, Washington City, the governmental mansion of U.S. presidents is called the White House. Construction began during the first president's term in office, but President <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a> and his wife Lady (Martha) Washington never lived there. It is speculated by some people that the name may have derived from White House Plantation.<sup id="cite_ref-NKC_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NKC-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"It was called White House out of respect for Mrs. Washington's [and her first husband Daniel Parke Custis'] home in Virginia, in which her wedding[s] occurred... Washington had pleasant memories of that residence and suggested the building of a White House for Presidents."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "The truth of these statements can be substantiated, that it was called the White House before the War of 1812, but that it was so called as an honor to the White House on the Pamunkey is a very dubious statement. It was a White House and is to this day."<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Martha Dandridge Custis took care of George Washington at her house when he was suddenly ill before they began courting. He met her on his way to work at the House of Burgesses in Williamsburg, Virginia. He met her again on his return. George Washington did not live in Martha's house. She moved to Mount Vernon after they married. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Location_of_the_White_House_Mansion">Location of the White House Mansion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_House_(plantation)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Location of the White House Mansion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The location of the White House Mansion can be found on <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/37%C2%B034'30.2%22N+77%C2%B001'42.1%22W/@37.5750516,-77.0297422,438m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m6!3m5!1s0x89b0e7c1835472a7:0xc7aa21ee2f82ee54!7e2!8m2!3d37.5750516!4d-77.0283631">Google Maps</a>. Based on the aerial image of the area it would appear that an excavation site can be seen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_House_(plantation)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-26"><sup><i><b>aa</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-27"><sup><i><b>ab</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-28"><sup><i><b>ac</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-29"><sup><i><b>ad</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHarris2006" class="citation book cs1">Harris, Malcolm (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vRGlwBKE_RUC&pg=PP1"><i>Old New Kent County [Virginia]: Some Account of the Planters, Plantations, and Places</i></a>. 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Virginia Historical Society.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=THE+DRAFT+OF+YORK+RIVER+IN+VIRGINIA%3A+AN+ARTIFACT+OF+THE+SEVENTEENTH+CENTURY&rft.pub=Virginia+Historical+Society&rft.date=1984&rft.aulast=McCartney&rft.aufirst=Martha+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhite+House+%28plantation%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-online,_PDF_format-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-online,_PDF_format_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-online,_PDF_format_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">John K. Amory, M.D., "George Washington’s infertility: Why was the father of our country never a father?" <i>Fertility and Sterility</i>, Vol. 81, No. 3, March 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asrm.org/Professionals/Fertility&Sterility/georgewashington.pdf">(online, PDF format)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090304001647/http://www.asrm.org/Professionals/Fertility%26Sterility/georgewashington.pdf">Archived</a> 2009-03-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GW-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GW_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100602045030/http://gwpapers.virginia.edu/documents/marriage/custis.html">"The Papers of George Washington: Documents"</a>. 2009. 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Custis_family" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Custis_family" title="Template:Custis family"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Custis_family" title="Template talk:Custis family"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Custis_family" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Custis family"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Custis_family" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">The Custis family</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">First generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Custis_(burgess)" title="John Custis (burgess)">John Custis (1654–1714)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Second generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Custis" title="John Custis">John Custis (1678–1749)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Third generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Parke_Custis" title="Daniel Parke Custis">Daniel Parke Custis (1711–1757)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fourth generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Parke_Custis" title="John Parke Custis">John Parke Custis (1754–1781)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fifth generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Parke_Custis_Law" title="Elizabeth Parke Custis Law">Elizabeth Parke Custis Law (1776–1831)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Parke_Custis_Peter" title="Martha Parke Custis Peter">Martha Parke Custis Peter (1777–1854)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Parke_Custis_Lewis" title="Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis">Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis (1779–1852)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Parke_Custis" title="George Washington Parke Custis">George Washington Parke Custis (1781–1857)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sixth generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Anna_Custis_Lee" title="Mary Anna Custis Lee">Mary Anna Custis Lee (1807–1873)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Seventh generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Custis_Lee" title="George Washington Custis Lee">George Washington Custis Lee (1832–1913)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Fitzhugh_Lee" class="mw-redirect" title="William Henry Fitzhugh Lee">William Henry Fitzhugh Lee (1837–1891)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Lee_Jr." title="Robert E. Lee Jr.">Robert E. Lee Jr. (1843–1914)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Custis family residences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abingdon_(plantation)" title="Abingdon (plantation)">Abingdon plantation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlington_Archeological_Site" title="Arlington Archeological Site">Arlington plantation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlington_House,_The_Robert_E._Lee_Memorial" title="Arlington House, The Robert E. Lee Memorial">Arlington House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hope_Park#Stuart_family" title="Hope Park">Hope Park plantation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_High_School_(Alexandria,_Virginia)#History" title="Episcopal High School (Alexandria, Virginia)">Hoxton House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossian_Hall" title="Ossian Hall">Ossian Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravensworth_(plantation)" title="Ravensworth (plantation)">Ravensworth plantation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Law_House" title="Thomas Law House">Thomas Law House (Honeymoon House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tudor_Place" title="Tudor Place">Tudor Place</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">White House plantation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodlawn_(Alexandria,_Virginia)" title="Woodlawn (Alexandria, Virginia)">Woodlawn plantation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=White_House_(plantation)&oldid=1236628118">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=White_House_(plantation)&oldid=1236628118</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lee_family_residences" title="Category:Lee family residences">Lee family residences</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Washington_family_residences" title="Category:Washington family residences">Washington family residences</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Custis_family_residences" title="Category:Custis family residences">Custis family residences</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Houses_in_New_Kent_County,_Virginia" title="Category:Houses in New Kent County, Virginia">Houses in New Kent County, Virginia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Plantation_houses_in_Virginia" title="Category:Plantation houses in Virginia">Plantation houses in Virginia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Burned_houses_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Burned houses in the United States">Burned houses in the United States</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Infobox_mapframe_without_OSM_relation_ID_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata">Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Kartographer_extension" title="Category:Pages using the Kartographer extension">Pages using the Kartographer extension</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 25 July 2024, at 18:28<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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