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id="toc-信號處理內容" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#信號處理內容"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>信號處理內容</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-信號處理內容-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-信號處理的相關名詞" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#信號處理的相關名詞"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>信號處理的相關名詞</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-信號處理的相關名詞-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-信號處理應用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#信號處理應用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>信號處理應用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-信號處理應用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关参考文献子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-引用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#引用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>引用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-引用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">信号处理</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。48种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seinverwerking" title="Seinverwerking – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Seinverwerking" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="معالجة الإشارة – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="معالجة الإشارة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procesamientu_de_se%C3%B1ales" title="Procesamientu de señales – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Procesamientu de señales" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Обработка на сигнали – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Обработка на сигнали" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3" title="সংকেত প্রক্রিয়াজাতকরণ – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সংকেত প্রক্রিয়াজাতকরণ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Processament_de_senyals" title="Processament de senyals – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Processament de senyals" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zpracov%C3%A1n%C3%AD_sign%C3%A1lu" title="Zpracování signálu – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zpracování signálu" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Сигналсене тирпейлени – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сигналсене тирпейлени" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signalbehandling" title="Signalbehandling – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Signalbehandling" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signalverarbeitung" title="Signalverarbeitung – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Signalverarbeitung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%83%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Επεξεργασία σήματος – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Επεξεργασία σήματος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_processing" title="Signal processing – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Signal processing" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal-prilaborado" title="Signal-prilaborado – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Signal-prilaborado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procesado_de_se%C3%B1al" title="Procesado de señal – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Procesado de señal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signaalit%C3%B6%C3%B6tlus" title="Signaalitöötlus – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Signaalitöötlus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seinale_prozesamendu" title="Seinale prozesamendu – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Seinale prozesamendu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%B4_%D8%B3%DB%8C%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84" title="پردازش سیگنال – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پردازش سیگنال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traitement_du_signal" title="Traitement du signal – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Traitement du signal" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%91%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%AA" title="עיבוד אותות – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עיבוד אותות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3" title="संकेत प्रसंस्करण – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="संकेत प्रसंस्करण" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pengolahan_sinyal" title="Pengolahan sinyal – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pengolahan sinyal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%87%A6%E7%90%86" title="信号処理 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="信号処理" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%ED%98%B8_%EC%B2%98%EB%A6%AC" title="신호 처리 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="신호 처리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Обработка на сигнал – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Обработка на сигнал" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemprosesan_isyarat" title="Pemprosesan isyarat – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pemprosesan isyarat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%82%E1%80%94%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%81%E1%80%BC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ဆစ်ဂနယ်သခြင်း – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆစ်ဂနယ်သခြင်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signaalverwerking" title="Signaalverwerking – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Signaalverwerking" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signalhandsaming" title="Signalhandsaming – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Signalhandsaming" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signalbehandling" title="Signalbehandling – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Signalbehandling" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Przetwarzanie_sygna%C5%82%C3%B3w" title="Przetwarzanie sygnałów – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Przetwarzanie sygnałów" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Processamento_de_sinal" title="Processamento de sinal – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Processamento de sinal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procesarea_semnalelor" title="Procesarea semnalelor – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Procesarea semnalelor" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Обработка сигналов – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Обработка сигналов" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%A5%E0%B7%8F_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8" title="සංඥා සැකසුම – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සංඥා සැකසුම" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_processing" title="Signal processing – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Signal processing" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obdelava_signalov" title="Obdelava signalov – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Obdelava signalov" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Обрада сигнала – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Обрада сигнала" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamros%C3%A9san_sinyal" title="Pamrosésan sinyal – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Pamrosésan sinyal" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signalbehandling" title="Signalbehandling – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Signalbehandling" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="குறிகைச் செயலாக்கம் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="குறிகைச் செயலாக்கம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93" title="การประมวลผลสัญญาณ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การประมวลผลสัญญาณ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinyal_i%C5%9Fleme" title="Sinyal işleme – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sinyal işleme" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B2" title="Обробка сигналів – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Обробка сигналів" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%81" title="عملیت اشارہ – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عملیت اشارہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/X%E1%BB%AD_l%C3%BD_t%C3%ADn_hi%E1%BB%87u" title="Xử lý tín hiệu – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Xử lý tín hiệu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86" title="信号处理 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="信号处理" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A8%8A%E8%99%9F%E8%99%95%E7%90%86" title="訊號處理 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="訊號處理" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukudludlungwa_kwesiyabizo" title="Ukudludlungwa kwesiyabizo – 祖鲁语" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Ukudludlungwa kwesiyabizo" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="祖鲁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q208163#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" 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href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E5%AD%A6" title="电子学">电子学</a>等学科中，<b>信号处理</b>（英語：<span lang="en">signal processing</span>）是指对<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7" class="mw-disambig" title="信号">信号</a>表示、变换、运算等进行处理的过程，就是要把记录在某种媒体上的信号进行处理，以便抽取出有用信息的过程，它是对信号进行提取、变换、分析、综合等处理过程的统称。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="信號處理過程"><span id=".E4.BF.A1.E8.99.9F.E8.99.95.E7.90.86.E9.81.8E.E7.A8.8B"></span>信號處理過程</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：信號處理過程"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>人们为了利用信号，就要对它进行处理。例如，电信号弱小时，需要对它进行放大；混有噪声时，需要对它进行滤波；当<a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%BB%E7%8E%87_(%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8)" title="頻率 (物理學)">频率</a>不适应于传输时，需要进行<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%83%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="调制">调制</a>以及解调；信号遇到<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%B1%E7%9C%9F" title="失真">失真</a>畸变时，需要对它均衡；当信号类型很多时，需要进行识别等等。信号处理可以用于沟通<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="人类">人类</a>之间，或人与<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E5%99%A8" title="机器">机器</a>之间的联系；用以探测我们周围的环境，并揭示出那些不易观察到的状态和构造细节，以及用来控制和利用<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90" title="能源">能源</a>与信息。例如，我们可能希望分开两个或多个多少有些混在一起的信号，或者想增强<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="信号模型（页面不存在）">信号模型</a>中的某些成分或参数。 </p><p>与信号有关的理化或数学过程有：信号的发生、信号的传送、信号的接收、信号的分析（即了解某种信号的特征）、信号的处理（即把某一个信号变为与其相关的另一个信号，例如滤除噪声或干扰，把信号变换成容易分析与识别的形式）、信号的存储、信号的检测与控制等。也可以把这些与信号有关的过程统称为信号处理。 </p><p>在事件变化过程中抽取特征信号，经去干扰、分析、综合、变换和运算等处理，从而得到反映事件变化本质或处理者感兴趣的信息的过程。分<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%A1%E6%93%AC%E4%BF%A1%E8%99%9F" title="模擬信號">模拟信号</a>处理和<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7" title="数字信号">数字信号</a>处理。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="信號處理目的"><span id=".E4.BF.A1.E8.99.9F.E8.99.95.E7.90.86.E7.9B.AE.E7.9A.84"></span>信號處理目的</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：信號處理目的"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>削弱信号中的多余内容；滤出混杂的噪声和干扰；或者将信号变换成容易处理、传输、分析与识别的形式，以便后续的其它处理。 </p><p>人们最早处理的信号局限于模拟信号，所使用的处理方法也是模拟信号处理方法。在用模拟加工方法进行处理时，对"信号处理"技术没有太深刻的认识。这是因为在过去，信号处理和信息抽取是一个整体，所以从物理制约角度看，满足信息抽取的模拟处理受到了很大的限制。 </p><p>随着数字<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA" title="电子计算机">计算机</a>的飞速发展，信号处理的理论和方法也得以发展。在我们的面前出现了不受物理制约的纯数学的加工，即<a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%97%E6%B3%95" title="算法">算法</a>，并确立了信号处理的领域。现在，对于信号的处理，人们通常是先把模拟信号变成数字信号，然后利用高效的<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="数字信号处理器">数字信号处理器</a>（DSP: Digital Signal Processor）或计算机对其进行数字信号处理。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="信號處理內容"><span id=".E4.BF.A1.E8.99.9F.E8.99.95.E7.90.86.E5.85.A7.E5.AE.B9"></span>信號處理內容</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：信號處理內容"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>信号处理最基本的内容有变换、滤波、调制、解调、检测以及谱分析和估计等。变换诸如类型的<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%85%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%B6%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2" title="傅里叶变换">傅里叶变换</a>、正弦变换、余弦变换、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E5%B0%94%E4%BB%80%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="沃尔什变换">沃尔什变换</a>等；滤波包括髙通<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A4%E6%B3%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="滤波">滤波</a>、低通滤波、带通滤波、维纳滤波、卡尔曼滤波、线性滤波、非线性滤波以及自适应滤波等；谱分析方面包括确知信号的分析和随机信号的分析，通常研究最普遍的是随机信号的分析，也称统计信号分析或估计，它通常又分线性谱估计与非线性谱估计；谱估计有周期图估计、最大<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B5" title="熵">熵</a>谱估计等；随着信号类型的复杂化，在要求分析的信号不能满足<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%96%AF%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83" class="mw-redirect" title="高斯分布">高斯分布</a>、非最小相位等条件时，又有髙阶谱分析的方法。 </p><p>高阶谱分析可以提供信号的相位信息、非高斯类信息以及非线性信息；自适应滤波与均衡也是应用研究的一大领域。自适应滤波包括横向LMS自适应滤波、格型自适应滤波，自适应对消滤波，以及自适应均衡等。此外，对于阵列信号还有阵列信号处理等等。 </p><p>信号处理是<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" title="电信">电信</a>的基础理论与技术。它的数学理论有方程论、函数论、<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E8%AE%BA" title="数论">数论</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="随机过程">随机过程</a>论、最小二乘方法以及<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%96" title="最优化">最优化</a>理论等，它的技术支柱是电路分析、合成以及电子计算机技术。信号处理与当代模式识别、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD" title="人工智能">人工智能</a>、神经网计算以及多媒体信息处理等有着密切的关系，它把基础理论与工程应用紧密联系起来。因此信号处理是一门既有复杂数理分析背景，又有广阔实用工程前景的学科。 </p><p>信号处理是以数字信号处理为中心而发展的。这是因为信号普遍可以用数字化形式来表示，而数字化的信号可以在<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA" title="电子计算机">电子计算机</a>上通过<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6" title="软件">软件</a>来实现计算或处理，这样，无论多么复杂的运算，只要数学上能够分析、可以得到最优的求解，就都可以在电子计算机上模拟完成。如果计算速度适当快，还可以用超大规模的专用数字信号处理<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%AF%E7%89%87" class="mw-redirect" title="芯片">芯片</a>来实时完成。因此，数字信号处理技术成为<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="信息技术">信息技术</a>发展中最富有活力的学科之一。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="信號處理的相關名詞"><span id=".E4.BF.A1.E8.99.9F.E8.99.95.E7.90.86.E7.9A.84.E7.9B.B8.E9.97.9C.E5.90.8D.E8.A9.9E"></span>信號處理的相關名詞</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：信號處理的相關名詞"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>信号(signal)是信息的物理体现形式，或是传递信息的函数，而信息则是信号的具体内容。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%A1%E6%93%AC%E4%BF%A1%E8%99%9F" title="模擬信號">模拟信号</a>(analog signal)：指时间连续、幅度连续的信号。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7" title="数字信号">数字信号</a>(digital signal)：时间和幅度上都是离散(量化)的信号。 </p><p>数字信号可用一序列的数表示，而每个数又可表示为二制码的形式，适合<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA" title="电子计算机">计算机</a>处理。 </p><p>一维(1-D)信号: 一个<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E5%8F%98%E9%87%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="自变量">自变量</a>的函数。 </p><p>二维(2-D)信号: 两个自变量的函数。 </p><p>多维(M-D)信号: 多个自变量的函数。 </p><p>系统：处理信号的物理设备。或者说，凡是能将信号加以变换以达到人们要求的各种设备。模拟系统与数字系统。 </p><p>信号处理的内容：<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A4%E6%B3%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="滤波">滤波</a>、变换、检测、谱分析、估计、压缩、识别等一系列的加工处理。 </p><p>多数科学和工程中遇到的是模拟信号。以前都是研究模拟信号处理的理论和实现。 </p><p>模拟信号处理缺点：难以做到高精度，受环境影响较大，可靠性差，且不灵活等。 </p><p>数字系统的优点：体积小、功耗低、精度高、可靠性高、灵活性大、易于大规模集成、可进行二维与多维处理 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="信號處理應用"><span id=".E4.BF.A1.E8.99.9F.E8.99.95.E7.90.86.E6.87.89.E7.94.A8"></span>信號處理應用</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：信號處理應用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>信号处理以强大的渗透力，被许多重要的应用领域所采用。工程建筑部门用来仿真大型建筑结构的抗震防震性能；机械制造业用以分析机械结构振动的模型，从而改进振动性能及结构；飞机制造业中用于检查发动机的传动特性及磨损情况；航天遥感用以地面植被情况的分类以及气象云层的分布，医学领域用于B超、<a href="/wiki/X%E5%85%89" class="mw-redirect" title="X光">X光</a>片以及生理电信号的分析诊断；电信与电子学领域，数字信号处理更是最直接的应用。 </p><p>①语音编码与压缩。 </p><p>语音数字化后占有很宽的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%91%E5%B8%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="频带">频带</a>，为进行窄带传输与高效存储，需要进行压缩。通常一个语音需要64kbit/s码率。中速<a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81" title="编码">编码</a>要求将此<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%81%E7%8E%87" class="mw-redirect" title="码率">码率</a>压缩到32kbit/s、16kbit/s以至8kbit/s，仍然保持良好的语音音质。通过数字信号处理技术，已有许多自适应编码方案达到了国际电报电话咨询委员会(CCITT)建议的规定。低速<a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81" title="编码">编码</a>要求<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%81%E7%8E%87" class="mw-redirect" title="码率">码率</a>降低到4．8kbit/s、2．4kbit/s以至800bit/s速率，已有很好的<a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%97%E6%B3%95" title="算法">算法</a>及硬件予以实现。 </p><p>②图像编码压缩。 </p><p>无论静止图像或活动图像，乃至电视图像，数字编码后的数据量都非常大。对它们进行高质量传输，一般需要压缩到1/10~1/100。各种编码方法，以至所谓<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E6%B3%A2%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="小波变换">小波变换</a>方法、分维信号分析方法都为高压缩比电视编码提出了可行的方案。 </p><p>③分路与合路滤波器组的设计。 </p><p>时分/频分复接设备的技术实现，其核心是分路滤波器组。而分路滤波器组的设计与实现完全靠数字信号处理中的数字滤波器组，这种数字滤波器组不但性能统一化、稳定可靠，而且性能价格比很高。 </p><p>④自适应均衡及回波抵消。 </p><p>在远距离数据通信中，均衡和回波抵消是必不可少的。采用<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%A1%E6%8B%9F%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="模拟器">模拟器</a>件已无法实现适应于各种信道要求的均衡，只有数字方法才能保证其性能的实现。 </p><p>信号处理技术的应用已发展到不次于电子计算机应用的广泛程度。随着算法的不断发现和器件的不断诞生，信号处理将成为所有电信工程师都需要熟悉的一门基础性学科。<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="引用"><span id=".E5.BC.95.E7.94.A8"></span>引用</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：引用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">巢峰主编. 学生辞海[M]. 上海：上海辞书出版社, 1997.12.第153页.</cite><span 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86&rft.btitle=%E6%A0%BE%E6%AD%A3%E7%A6%A7%E4%B8%BB%E7%BC%96.+%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%82%AE%E7%94%B5%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%85%A8%E4%B9%A6+%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E5%8D%B7%5BM%5D.+%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%EF%BC%9A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%82%AE%E7%94%B5%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE%2C+1993.09.p607&rft.genre=book&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007543871605171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85122397">美国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="zpracování signálů"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph135694&CON_LNG=ENG">捷克</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027253287">IdRef</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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