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td-social-twitter" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA++%D7%94%22%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A7+%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%96%22+%D7%91%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yekum.org%2F2024%2F10%2F%25d7%25a2%25d7%259c-%25d7%25a9%25d7%2597%25d7%25a8-%25d7%2594%25d7%25a4%25d7%2599%25d7%2599%25d7%25a7-%25d7%25a0%25d7%2599%25d7%2595%25d7%2596-%25d7%2591%25d7%25aa%25d7%25a4%25d7%2595%25d7%2597-%25d7%2594%25d7%2592%25d7%2593%25d7%2595%25d7%259c%2F&via=%D7%99%D6%B0%D7%A7%D7%95%D6%BC%D7%9D+%D7%AA%D6%B7%D6%BC%D7%A8%D6%B0%D7%91%D6%BC%D7%95%D6%BC%D7%AA" title="Twitter" ><div class="td-social-but-icon"><i class="td-icon-twitter"></i></div><div class="td-social-but-text">Twitter</div></a><a class="td-social-sharing-button td-social-sharing-button-js td-social-network td-social-pinterest" href="https://pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https://www.yekum.org/2024/10/%d7%a2%d7%9c-%d7%a9%d7%97%d7%a8-%d7%94%d7%a4%d7%99%d7%99%d7%a7-%d7%a0%d7%99%d7%95%d7%96-%d7%91%d7%aa%d7%a4%d7%95%d7%97-%d7%94%d7%92%d7%93%d7%95%d7%9c/&media=https://www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/כריכת-history-of-new-york-כביכול-מאת-ניקרבוקר.jpg&description=אבי גולדברג על שלושה אמנים יוצרים מפורסמים ונחשבים שהשתמשו ב״פייק ניוז״ כדי לפרסם את עצמם ולזכות בחשיפה ליצירותיהם." title="Pinterest" ><div class="td-social-but-icon"><i class="td-icon-pinterest"></i></div><div class="td-social-but-text">Pinterest</div></a><a class="td-social-sharing-button td-social-sharing-button-js td-social-network td-social-whatsapp" href="https://api.whatsapp.com/send?text=%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA++%D7%94%22%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A7+%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%96%22+%D7%91%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA %0A%0A https://www.yekum.org/2024/10/%d7%a2%d7%9c-%d7%a9%d7%97%d7%a8-%d7%94%d7%a4%d7%99%d7%99%d7%a7-%d7%a0%d7%99%d7%95%d7%96-%d7%91%d7%aa%d7%a4%d7%95%d7%97-%d7%94%d7%92%d7%93%d7%95%d7%9c/" title="WhatsApp" ><div class="td-social-but-icon"><i class="td-icon-whatsapp"></i></div><div class="td-social-but-text">WhatsApp</div></a><a class="td-social-sharing-button td-social-sharing-button-js td-social-network td-social-linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://www.yekum.org/2024/10/%d7%a2%d7%9c-%d7%a9%d7%97%d7%a8-%d7%94%d7%a4%d7%99%d7%99%d7%a7-%d7%a0%d7%99%d7%95%d7%96-%d7%91%d7%aa%d7%a4%d7%95%d7%97-%d7%94%d7%92%d7%93%d7%95%d7%9c/&title=%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA++%D7%94%22%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A7+%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%96%22+%D7%91%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="Linkedin" ><div class="td-social-but-icon"><i class="td-icon-linkedin"></i></div><div class="td-social-but-text">Linkedin</div></a><a class="td-social-sharing-button td-social-sharing-button-js td-social-network td-social-mail" href="mailto:?subject=ראשית ה"פייק ניוז" בתרבות האמריקנית&body=https://www.yekum.org/2024/10/%d7%a2%d7%9c-%d7%a9%d7%97%d7%a8-%d7%94%d7%a4%d7%99%d7%99%d7%a7-%d7%a0%d7%99%d7%95%d7%96-%d7%91%d7%aa%d7%a4%d7%95%d7%97-%d7%94%d7%92%d7%93%d7%95%d7%9c/" title="Email" ><div class="td-social-but-icon"><i class="td-icon-mail"></i></div><div class="td-social-but-text">Email</div></a><a class="td-social-sharing-button td-social-sharing-button-js td-social-network td-social-print" href="#" title="Print" ><div class="td-social-but-icon"><i class="td-icon-print"></i></div><div class="td-social-but-text">Print</div></a></div><div class="td-social-sharing-hidden"><ul class="td-pulldown-filter-list"></ul><a class="td-social-sharing-button td-social-handler td-social-expand-tabs" href="#" data-block-uid="td_social_sharing_article_top" title="More"> <div class="td-social-but-icon"><i class="td-icon-plus td-social-expand-tabs-icon"></i></div> </a></div></div></div> <div class="td-post-content tagdiv-type"> <p>אם נגדיר את המונח שפרץ לחיינו בשנים האחרונות ה-"<a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A7_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%96" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">פייק ניוז</a>" כהונאת הציבור כדי שיאמין בבדיות המועברות באמצעות כלי התקשורת, נוכל לכלול בין ראשוני הפועלים בטכניקה זו, של ניצול כלי התקשורת – עיתונים או רדיו – לצורך הטעיית הקוראים או המאזינים, גם שלושה אמנים אמריקאים מהשורה הראשונה. הסופרים <a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">וושינגטון אירווינג</a>, <a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%93%D7%92%D7%A8_%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%9F_%D7%A4%D7%95" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">אדגר אלן פו</a>, והקולנוען ואיש הרדיו <a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A1" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">אורסון וולס</a>.</p> <p>לא היו להם שאיפות פוליטיות או רצון להטות דעת קהל בעניינים פוליטיים או פיננסיים, וכל "חטאם" נדמה לתעלול אמנותי כדי למשוך תשומת לב ליצירתם. כל התרמיות או המתיחות המתוארות מתרחשות ב"תפוח הגדול", הלא היא העיר ניו-יורק.</p> <p></p> <p><strong>ההיסטוריון הבדוי </strong></p> <p>וושינגטון אירווינג היה כוכב עולה בשמי הספרות האמריקאית מתחילת המאה התשע עשרה. מיטב סיפוריו הקצרים מוכרים, וגם תורגמו לעברית, והם <a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%92%D7%93%D7%94_%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">האגדה על סליפי הולו</a> (The Legend of Sleepy Hollow) ו-<a href="https://www.no-666.com/2021/09/30/%d7%97%d7%95%d7%a0%d7%99-%d7%94%d7%9e%d7%a2%d7%92%d7%9c-%d7%94%d7%90%d7%9e%d7%a8%d7%99%d7%a7%d7%a0%d7%99-%d7%90%d7%95-%d7%9e%d7%a1%d7%a2-%d7%91%d7%96%d7%9e%d7%9f-%d7%93%d7%a8%d7%9a-%d7%a9%d7%99%d7%a0/">ריפ ואן וינקל </a>(Rip Van Winkle).</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA-history-of-new-york-%D7%9B%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9C-%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%AA-%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8.jpg?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="348" height="520" data-attachment-id="132723" data-permalink="https://www.yekum.org/2024/10/%d7%a2%d7%9c-%d7%a9%d7%97%d7%a8-%d7%94%d7%a4%d7%99%d7%99%d7%a7-%d7%a0%d7%99%d7%95%d7%96-%d7%91%d7%aa%d7%a4%d7%95%d7%97-%d7%94%d7%92%d7%93%d7%95%d7%9c/%d7%9b%d7%a8%d7%99%d7%9b%d7%aa-history-of-new-york-%d7%9b%d7%91%d7%99%d7%9b%d7%95%d7%9c-%d7%9e%d7%90%d7%aa-%d7%a0%d7%99%d7%a7%d7%a8%d7%91%d7%95%d7%a7%d7%a8/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA-history-of-new-york-%D7%9B%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9C-%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%AA-%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8.jpg?fit=348%2C520&ssl=1" data-orig-size="348,520" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="כריכת history of new york כביכול מאת ניקרבוקר" data-image-description="<p>כריכת history of new york כביכול מאת ניקרבוקר</p> " data-image-caption="<p>כריכת history of new york כביכול מאת ניקרבוקר</p> " data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA-history-of-new-york-%D7%9B%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9C-%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%AA-%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8.jpg?fit=201%2C300&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA-history-of-new-york-%D7%9B%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9C-%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%AA-%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8.jpg?fit=348%2C520&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA-history-of-new-york-%D7%9B%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9C-%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%AA-%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8.jpg?resize=348%2C520&ssl=1" alt="כריכת history of new york כביכול מאת ניקרבוקר" class="wp-image-132723" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA-history-of-new-york-%D7%9B%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9C-%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%AA-%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8.jpg?w=348&ssl=1 348w, https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA-history-of-new-york-%D7%9B%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9C-%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%AA-%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8.jpg?resize=201%2C300&ssl=1 201w, https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA-history-of-new-york-%D7%9B%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9C-%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%AA-%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8.jpg?resize=281%2C420&ssl=1 281w" sizes="(max-width: 348px) 100vw, 348px" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">כריכת history of new york כביכול מאת ניקרבוקר</figcaption></figure></div> <p>אך מירב פרסומו ויכולתו הספרותית באו לידי ביטוי בספרו הראשון, ששמו המלא "היסטוריה של ניו יורק החל מתחילת העולם ועד לסוף ההתיישבות  ההולנדית", מאת דידריך ניקרבוקר KNICKERBOCKER. מדובר בעבודה היסטורית כביכול, רחבת היקף, הסוקרת את תחילת ההתיישבות של האדם הלבן במנהטן על ידי קבוצת מתיישבים הולנדים במאה השבע עשרה, שנתנו לה גם את שמה האירופאי הראשון "ניו אמסטרדם", לפני ששונה ל"ניו יורק". בחיבור פארודי זה, שחשף כביכול רובד היסטורי נשכח של ראשית ההתיישבות האירופית במנהטן שבה חיו הילידים האינדיאנים, הוא מעלה סיפורים, דמויות, ומנהגים, כפי שהיו בעת שאכן ההולנדים התיישבו על אדמת אמריקה. </p> <p>הספר נכתב כביכול בידי היסטוריון ממוצא הולנדי בשם דידריך ניקרבוקר. זה היה שם העט שבחר לעצמו אירווינג, לחיבור סאטירי על ההיסטוריה המקומית הקדומה, המשקפת לא במעט את הפוליטיקה בת זמנו.</p> <p>כדי לגרות את סקרנות קהל הקוראים, ולגרום להם להאמין בקיומו של הסופר היסטוריון ניקרבוקר, אירווינג פירסם סדרת מודעות בעיתוני ניו יורק במטרה לאתר נעדר, אדם בשם דידריך ניקרבוקר, היסטוריון הולנדי. הוא צרף את תיאורו הפיזי, וכן את העובדה שלאחרונה יצא מאכסניה ומאז נעלמו עקבותיו. כן פרסם את גרסת בעל האכסניה שממנה יצא האורח, שהשאיר אחריו חובות שלא פרע וצרור ובו ספר שכתב, ושאם לא ישוב אותו תמהוני בהקדם לפרוע חובותיו, הוא, בעל המלון, יפרע ממנו על ידי פרסום הספר שכתב ויגרוף את הרווחים מהפצתו, לכיסוי המגיע ממנו.  </p> <p>די היה בפרסומי השווא הללו כדי לגרום להתרגשות עם יציאת הספר למכירה, והתפוצה של הספר גברה עוד יותר כשתכנו המשעשע כבש ליבות הקוראים, בסגנון, בהומור, בסאטירה, בהם שולבו האירועים ההיסטוריים המתוארים בו, או ליתר דיוק המומצאים. דרכו של וושינגטון אירווינג נסללה, והסיפורים והספרים שכתב לאחר מכן הפכו אותו לאחת הדמויות הנערצות בספרות האמריקאית הצעירה. גם השימוש בשם ניקרבוקר הורחב לשם עט ביצירות נוספות שכתב, והפך למקובל מאוד בניו יורק. השם ניקרבוקר משמש עדיין כשמו של בית חולים בהארלם ניו יורק, של קבוצת הכדורסל המקצועית של מנהטן, הניו יורק ניקס, של בית מלון בכיכר טיימס במנהטן, וכינוי למשפחות ששורשיהן בעיר ניו יורק.  </p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9C-new-york-knicks.jpg?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" width="250" height="202" data-attachment-id="132725" data-permalink="https://www.yekum.org/2024/10/%d7%a2%d7%9c-%d7%a9%d7%97%d7%a8-%d7%94%d7%a4%d7%99%d7%99%d7%a7-%d7%a0%d7%99%d7%95%d7%96-%d7%91%d7%aa%d7%a4%d7%95%d7%97-%d7%94%d7%92%d7%93%d7%95%d7%9c/%d7%a1%d7%9e%d7%9c%d7%99%d7%9c-new-york-knicks/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9C-new-york-knicks.jpg?fit=250%2C202&ssl=1" data-orig-size="250,202" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="סמליל new york knicks" data-image-description="<p>סמליל new york knicks</p> " data-image-caption="<p>סמליל new york knicks</p> " data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9C-new-york-knicks.jpg?fit=250%2C202&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9C-new-york-knicks.jpg?fit=250%2C202&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9C-new-york-knicks.jpg?resize=250%2C202&ssl=1" alt="סמליל new york knicks" class="wp-image-132725"/></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">סמליל new york knicks</figcaption></figure></div> <p><strong>כדור פורח חוצה את האוקינוס האטלנטי </strong></p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/poe-1.jpg?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" width="692" height="774" data-attachment-id="114100" data-permalink="https://www.yekum.org/2023/01/%d7%90%d7%a0%d7%90%d7%91%d7%9c-%d7%9c%d7%99-%d7%a9%d7%9c-%d7%90%d7%93%d7%92%d7%a8-%d7%90%d7%9c%d7%9f-%d7%a4%d7%95/poe-1-4/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/poe-1.jpg?fit=692%2C774&ssl=1" data-orig-size="692,774" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="poe-1" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/poe-1.jpg?fit=268%2C300&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/poe-1.jpg?fit=692%2C774&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/poe-1.jpg?resize=692%2C774&ssl=1" alt="" class="wp-image-114100" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/poe-1.jpg?w=692&ssl=1 692w, https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/poe-1.jpg?resize=268%2C300&ssl=1 268w, https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/poe-1.jpg?resize=376%2C420&ssl=1 376w" sizes="(max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px" /></a></figure> <p>אדגר אלן פו .ציור מאנציקלופדיה "עולם התרבות ".</p> <p></p> <p>אדגר אלן פו, הסופר שנאבק על דרכו הספרותית ועל ההכרה ביכולותיו הספרותיות, נקט בתעלול דומה.</p> <p>א.א.פו פרסם בעיתון סאן הניו יורקי בשנת 1844 כתבת-מתיחה, Hoax, אודות מסע דמיוני של כדור פורח, העושה את דרכו במהירות בין אנגליה לארצות הברית וחוצה את האוקיאנוס האטלנטי בשלושה ימים! </p> <p>התיאור היה מדויק כל כך, כולל שם האיש שהפליג בכדור הפורח, ומבנה כלי הטיס, עד כי קוראי העיתון הולכו שולל לחלוטין והאמינו כי אירוע כזה אכן התרחש. למרות שהכתבה נראתה כמו סיפור אמיתי, הוא היה פיקטיבי לחלוטין, פרי דמיונו של פו. חציית האוקיינוס התרחשה רק שבעים וחמש שנים לאחר מכן בצפלין הגרמני.</p> <p>למזלו הרע של א.א.פו העיתון לא שילם לו כלל עבור הסיפור שהביא בפייק שלו לתפוצה גדולה. הסיפור גרם להתרגשות כה רבה, עד, כפי שהוא עצמו כתב במכתב, כי "המון עצום נקהל מול משרדי הניו יורק סאן, כולם ניסו לקנות עותקים של העיתון". צריך לזכור שאף אחד לא הטיס שום דבר מעל האוקיינוס האטלנטי באותן שנים ושנים רבות לאחר מכן.</p> <p>הנה ההודעה הפיקטיבית בעיתון:</p> <p class="has-text-align-center" dir="ltr">SUN OFFICE<br>April 13, 10 o'clock A.M.<br>==================================<br>ASTOUNDING<br>NEWS!<br>BY EXPRESS VIA NORFOLK:<br>—————<br>THE<br>ATLANTIC CROSSED<br>IN<br>THREE DAYS!<br>—————<br>SIGNAL TRIUMPH<br>OF<br>MR. MONCK MASON'S<br><em>FLYING</em><br>MACHINE!!!<br>—————<br>Arrival at Sullivan's Island,<br>near Charlestown, S. C., of<br>Mr. Mason, Mr. Robert Hol-<br>land, Mr. Henson, Mr. Har-<br>rison Ainsworth, and four<br>others, in the       mm.<br><br>STEERING BALLOON<br>"VICTORIA,"<br>AFTER A PASSAGE OF<br>SEVENTY-FIVE HOURS<br>FROM LAND TO LAND.<br>—————<br>FULL PARTICULARS<br>OF THE<br>VOYAGE!!!<br><br></p> <p>קיראו עוד על כך במאמרו של אלי אשד </p> <p><a href="https://www.no-666.com/2024/10/11/%d7%94%d7%9e%d7%aa%d7%99%d7%97%d7%95%d7%aa-%d7%a9%d7%9c-%d7%90%d7%93%d7%92%d7%a8-%d7%90%d7%9c%d7%9f-%d7%a4%d7%95/">"המתיחות של אדגר אלן פו"</a></p> <p><strong>פלישת אנשי המאדים </strong></p> <p>השלישי שגרם למהומה רבתי בניו יורק היה אורסון וולס הצעיר. וולס שידר עיבוד לתסכית רדיו של הספר "מלחמת העולמות" מאת <a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%98_%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%92%27_%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A1" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">ה.ג'י.וולס</a>.  התסכית המעובד מהספר מעביר את מקום ההתרחשות לארה"ב, ומספר בשידור חי על פלשת חייזרים מהמאדים לארצות הברית.</p> <p>עלילת התסכית כללה דיווחים כביכול אודות נחיתת מטאוריט על חווה בניו ג'רזי, על יציאת יצורים עוינים מתוכו, על פלישה מאסיבית של צלחות מעופפות מאוישות, המתבררת כפלישה של אנשי מאדים. למאזינים רבים, שלא שמעו את התסכית מתחילתו, או לא שמעו את ההקדמה מאת הקריין על כך שמדובר בתסכית מד"ב, נשמעו הדיווחים שהיו חלק מההצגה, כאמיתיים. השמועה עשתה לה כנפיים, וגרמה לבהלה שלוותה במעשי הרס ופגיעות בנפש.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A1-%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%9C-%D7%A2%D7%9C-%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A1%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%AA.jpg?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="394" height="300" data-attachment-id="132728" data-permalink="https://www.yekum.org/2024/10/%d7%a2%d7%9c-%d7%a9%d7%97%d7%a8-%d7%94%d7%a4%d7%99%d7%99%d7%a7-%d7%a0%d7%99%d7%95%d7%96-%d7%91%d7%aa%d7%a4%d7%95%d7%97-%d7%94%d7%92%d7%93%d7%95%d7%9c/%d7%95%d7%95%d7%9c%d7%a1-%d7%9e%d7%aa%d7%a0%d7%a6%d7%9c-%d7%a2%d7%9c-%d7%94%d7%aa%d7%a1%d7%9b%d7%99%d7%aa/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A1-%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%9C-%D7%A2%D7%9C-%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A1%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%AA.jpg?fit=394%2C300&ssl=1" data-orig-size="394,300" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="וולס מתנצל על התסכית" data-image-description="<p>אורסון וולס מתנצל בפני עיתונאים על התבהלה שגרם שידור הרדיו אוקטובר 1938</p> " data-image-caption="<p>אורסון וולס מתנצל בפני עיתונאים על התבהלה שגרם שידור הרדיו אוקטובר 1938</p> " data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A1-%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%9C-%D7%A2%D7%9C-%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A1%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%AA.jpg?fit=300%2C228&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A1-%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%9C-%D7%A2%D7%9C-%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A1%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%AA.jpg?fit=394%2C300&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A1-%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%9C-%D7%A2%D7%9C-%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A1%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%AA.jpg?resize=394%2C300&ssl=1" alt="אורסון וולס מתנצל בפני עיתונאים על התבהלה שגרם שידור הרדיו אוקטובר 1938" class="wp-image-132728" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A1-%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%9C-%D7%A2%D7%9C-%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A1%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%AA.jpg?w=394&ssl=1 394w, https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A1-%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%9C-%D7%A2%D7%9C-%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A1%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%AA.jpg?resize=300%2C228&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A1-%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%9C-%D7%A2%D7%9C-%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A1%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%AA.jpg?resize=80%2C60&ssl=1 80w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 394px) 100vw, 394px" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">אורסון וולס מתנצל בפני עיתונאים על התבהלה שגרם שידור הרדיו אוקטובר 1938</figcaption></figure></div> <p>להקשבה לתסכית ההיסטורי שגרם לתבהלה רבתי בארצות הברית כנסו לקישור הבא:</p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <div class="youtube-embed" data-video_id="Xs0K4ApWl4g"><iframe loading="lazy" title="Orson Welles - War Of The Worlds - Radio Broadcast 1938 - Complete Broadcast." 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src='https://i0.wp.com/www.yekum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/%D7%90%D7%91%D7%99-%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%93%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%92.jpg?fit=150%2C200&ssl=1' class='avatar pp-user-avatar avatar-200 photo ' height='200' width='200'/></a><div class="desc"><div class="td-author-name vcard author"><span class="fn"><a href="https://www.yekum.org/author/abraham">אבי גולדברג</a></span></div><div class="td-author-description">פרסם את הספרים "מסדר קוזימה" (ידיעות ספרים, 2007), "חוף בלי ים" (2012), ״רצח בטור דה פראנס״ (2013), ו-״אל תקרא לי סוחוי" (2017). תרגם את ״בצהרי היום וסיפורים אחרים״ מבחר סיפורים קצרים מספרות העולם (2019), ו-״מסע עם אתון בסוון״ של רוברט לואיס סטיבנסון (2019).</div><div class="td-author-social"></div></div><div class="clearfix"></div></div> <span class="td-page-meta" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="name" content="אבי גולדברג"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.yekum.org/author/abraham/"></span><meta itemprop="datePublished" 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.td-sp{background-position:-13px -65px}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.td_block_social_counter.td-social-style10 .td_social_tiktok .td-sp{background-position:-13px -732px}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.td_block_social_counter.td-social-style10 .td_social_twitch .td-sp{background-position:-12px -772px}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.td_block_social_counter.td-social-style10 .td_social_steam .td-sp{background-position:-13px -834px}}</style><div class="td-block-title-wrap"><h4 class="block-title td-block-title"><span class="td-pulldown-size">עקבו אחרינו</span></h4></div><div class="td-social-list"><div class="td_social_type td-pb-margin-side td_social_facebook"><div class="td-social-box"><div class="td-sp td-sp-facebook"></div><span class="td_social_info td_social_info_counter">3,150</span><span class="td_social_info td_social_info_name">אוהדים</span><span class="td_social_button"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/Yekum.Org" 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