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skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Vida rootpage-Vida skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Saltar ao contido</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sitio"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menú principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">agochar</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navegación </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portada" title="Visitar a páxina principal [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Portada</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal_da_comunidade" title="Información acerca do proxecto, do que pode facer e dos lugares onde atopar as cousas"><span>Portal da comunidade</span></a></li><li id="n-A-Taberna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:A_Taberna"><span>A Taberna</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Actualidade" title="Información acerca de acontecementos de actualidade"><span>Actualidade</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Cambios_recentes" title="A lista de modificacións recentes no wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Cambios recentes</span></a></li><li id="n-Artigos-de-calidade" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artigos_de_calidade"><span>Artigos de calidade</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Ao_chou" title="Cargar unha páxina ao chou [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Páxina ao chou</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Axuda" title="O lugar para informarse"><span>Axuda</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Portada" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img 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<div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Procurar en Wikipedia" aria-label="Procurar en Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Procurar neste wiki [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Procurar"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Procurar</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Ferramentas persoais"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparencia"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Cambia a aparencia do tamaño da fonte, o ancho e a cor da páxina" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparencia" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparencia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_gl.wikipedia.org&uselang=gl" class=""><span>Doazóns</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_unha_conta&returnto=Vida" title="É recomendable que cree unha conta e acceda ao sistema, se ben non é obrigatorio" class=""><span>Crear unha conta</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Iniciar_sesi%C3%B3n&returnto=Vida" title="É recomendable que se rexistre, se ben non é obrigatorio [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Acceder ao sistema</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Máis opcións" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ferramentas persoais" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ferramentas persoais</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú de usuario" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_gl.wikipedia.org&uselang=gl"><span>Doazóns</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_unha_conta&returnto=Vida" title="É recomendable que cree unha conta e acceda ao sistema, se ben non é obrigatorio"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crear unha conta</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Iniciar_sesi%C3%B3n&returnto=Vida" title="É recomendable que se rexistre, se ben non é obrigatorio [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Acceder ao sistema</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Páxinas para os editores sen a sesión iniciada <a href="/wiki/Axuda:Introduci%C3%B3n" aria-label="Máis información sobre a edición"><span>máis información</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:As_mi%C3%B1as_contribuci%C3%B3ns" title="Unha lista das modificacións feitas desde este enderezo IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucións</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:A_mi%C3%B1a_conversa" title="Conversa acerca de edicións feitas desde este enderezo IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Conversa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sitio"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contidos" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contidos</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">agochar</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inicio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Definiçións" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definiçións"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Definiçións</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Definiçións-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "Definiçións"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Definiçións-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bioloxía" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bioloxía"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Bioloxía</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bioloxía-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Definicións_alternativas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definicións_alternativas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Definicións alternativas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definicións_alternativas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Xeneralidades" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Xeneralidades"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Xeneralidades</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Xeneralidades-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "Xeneralidades"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Xeneralidades-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Na_ciencia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Na_ciencia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Na ciencia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Na_ciencia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Na_química" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Na_química"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Na química</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Na_química-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Na_filosofía" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Na_filosofía"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Na filosofía</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Na_filosofía-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Na_relixión" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Na_relixión"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Na relixión</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Na_relixión-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Visión_retrospectiva_do_concepto_de_vida" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Visión_retrospectiva_do_concepto_de_vida"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Visión retrospectiva do concepto de vida</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Visión_retrospectiva_do_concepto_de_vida-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-O_vivo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#O_vivo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>O vivo</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-O_vivo-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "O vivo"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-O_vivo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-As_tres_funcións_básicas_de_todos_os_seres_vivos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#As_tres_funcións_básicas_de_todos_os_seres_vivos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>As tres funcións básicas de todos os seres vivos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-As_tres_funcións_básicas_de_todos_os_seres_vivos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Que_non_é_vida" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Que_non_é_vida"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Que non é vida</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Que_non_é_vida-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vida_na_Terra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vida_na_Terra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Vida na Terra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vida_na_Terra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Orixe_da_vida" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Orixe_da_vida"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Orixe da vida</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Orixe_da_vida-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-A_posibilidade_de_vida_extraterrestre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#A_posibilidade_de_vida_extraterrestre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>A posibilidade de vida extraterrestre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-A_posibilidade_de_vida_extraterrestre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Véxase_tamén" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Véxase_tamén"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Véxase tamén</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "Véxase tamén"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Outros_artigos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outros_artigos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Outros artigos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outros_artigos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ligazóns_externas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ligazóns_externas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Ligazóns externas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ligazóns_externas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contidos" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Vida</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir a un artigo noutra lingua. Dispoñible en 167 linguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-167" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">167 linguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewe" title="Lewe – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Lewe" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leben" title="Leben – alemán suízo" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Leben" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alemán suízo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%85%E1%8B%AD%E1%8B%88%E1%89%B5" title="ህይወት – amhárico" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ህይወት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amhárico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vida" title="Vida – aragonés" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Vida" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C4%ABf" title="Līf – inglês antigo" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Līf" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="inglês antigo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A9" title="حياة – árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حياة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A9" title="حياة – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="حياة" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%A8" title="জীৱন – assamés" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="জীৱন" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vida" title="Vida – asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Vida" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaka%C3%B1a" title="Jakaña – aimará" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Jakaña" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aimará" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C9%99yat" title="Həyat – acerbaixano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Həyat" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="acerbaixano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%B4" title="یاشاییش – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یاشاییش" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Тормош – baxkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Тормош" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baxkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C4%ABv%C4%ABb%C4%97" title="Gīvībė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Gīvībė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buhay" title="Buhay – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Buhay" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%8B%D1%86%D1%86%D1%91" title="Жыццё – belaruso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Жыццё" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belaruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%8B%D1%86%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%91" title="Жыцьцё – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Жыцьцё" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Живот – búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Живот" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80" title="जिनगी – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="जिनगी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8" title="জীবন – bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জীবন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%9A%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8D" title="འཚོ་བ། – tibetano" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="འཚོ་བ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buhez" title="Buhez – bretón" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Buhez" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDivot" title="Život – bosníaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Život" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosníaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngolu" title="Ngolu – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Ngolu" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Амидарал – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Амидарал" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vida" title="Vida – catalán" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Vida" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%95ng-m%C3%AAng" title="Sĕng-mêng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Sĕng-mêng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Дахар – checheno" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Дахар" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="checheno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinabuhi" title="Kinabuhi – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kinabuhi" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%DB%8C%D9%86" title="ژین – kurdo central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ژین" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdo central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDivot" title="Život – checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Život" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bywyd" title="Bywyd – galés" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Bywyd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liv" title="Liv – dinamarqués" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Liv" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarqués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ny%C9%9Bvili" title="Nyɛvili – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Nyɛvili" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leben" title="Leben – alemán" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Leben" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%96%CF%89%CE%AE" title="Ζωή – grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ζωή" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo bo"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life" title="Life – inglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Life" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vivo" title="Vivo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vivo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vida" title="Vida – español" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vida" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="español" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elu" title="Elu – estoniano" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Elu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizi" title="Bizi – éuscaro" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bizi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="éuscaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADa" title="Vía – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Vía" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="زندگی – persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زندگی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/El%C3%A4m%C3%A4" title="Elämä – finés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Elämä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bula_(kilanibula)" title="Bula (kilanibula) – fixiano" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Bula (kilanibula)" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fixiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vie" title="Vie – francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leewent" title="Leewent – frisón setentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Leewent" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisón setentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libben" title="Libben – frisón occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Libben" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisón occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beatha" title="Beatha – irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Beatha" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavi" title="Lavi – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lavi" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beatha" title="Beatha – gaélico escocés" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Beatha" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaélico escocés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tekove" title="Tekove – guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tekove" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A2ng-miang" title="Sâng-miang – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sâng-miang" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="חיים – hebreo" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חיים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8" title="जीवन – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जीवन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zindagi" title="Zindagi – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Zindagi" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDivot" title="Život – croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Život" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavi" title="Lavi – crioulo haitiano" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Lavi" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="crioulo haitiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89let" title="Élet – húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Élet" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%84" title="Կյանք – armenio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կյանք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vita" title="Vita – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Vita" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pengidup" title="Pengidup – iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Pengidup" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kehidupan" title="Kehidupan – indonesio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kehidupan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vive" title="Vive – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Vive" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biag" title="Biag – ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Biag" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Вахар – inguxo" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Вахар" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="inguxo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADf" title="Líf – islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Líf" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vita" title="Vita – italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vita" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo bo"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD" title="生命 – xaponés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="生命" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="xaponés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laif" title="Laif – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Laif" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/lo_kamji%27e" title="lo kamji'e – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="lo kamji'e" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urip" title="Urip – xavanés" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Urip" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="xavanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94" title="სიცოცხლე – xeorxiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სიცოცხლე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="xeorxiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%89%D3%80%D1%8D" title="ГъащӀэ – cabardiano" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="ГъащӀэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="cabardiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%96%D1%80%D1%88%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Тіршілік – kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тіршілік" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%A8" title="ಜೀವನ – kannará" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜೀವನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannará" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%9D%EB%AA%85" title="생명 – coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="생명" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Джашау – carachaio-bálcara" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Джашау" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="carachaio-bálcara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%90%D9%86%D9%9B%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="زِنٛدگی – caxemirés" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="زِنٛدگی" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="caxemirés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiyan" title="Jiyan – kurdo" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Jiyan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bewnans" title="Bewnans – córnico" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Bewnans" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="córnico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Тиричилик – kirguiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Тиричилик" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vita" title="Vita – latín" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Vita" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vive" title="Vive – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Vive" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leve" title="Leve – limburgués" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Leve" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitta" title="Vitta – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Vitta" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vita" title="Vita – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Vita" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bom%C9%94i" title="Bomɔi – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Bomɔi" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%94" title="ຊີວິດ – laosiano" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຊີວິດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyvyb%C4%97" title="Gyvybė – lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gyvybė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dz%C4%ABv%C4%ABba" title="Dzīvība – letón" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dzīvība" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiainana" title="Fiainana – malgaxe" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiainana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiduik" title="Hiduik – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Hiduik" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Живот – macedonio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Живот" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BB" title="ജീവൻ – malabar" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജീവൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malabar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%8C%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Амьдрал – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Амьдрал" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8" title="जीवन – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="जीवन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidupan" title="Hidupan – malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hidupan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bida" title="Bida – mirandés" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Bida" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AD" title="သက်ရှိ – birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သက်ရှိ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leven" title="Leven – baixo alemán" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Leven" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baixo alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8" title="जीवन – nepalí" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="जीवन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D_(%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%AC%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE)" title="उयिर् (सन् २००६या संकिपा) – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="उयिर् (सन् २००६या संकिपा)" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leven" title="Leven – neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Leven" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livet" title="Livet – noruegués nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Livet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruegués nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liv" title="Liv – noruegués bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Liv" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruegués bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vida" title="Vida – occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Vida" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%A8" title="ਜੀਵਨ – panxabí" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜੀਵਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panxabí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bida" title="Bida – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Bida" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laaef" title="Laaef – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Laaef" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BBycie" title="Życie – polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Życie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86" title="جیون – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جیون" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF" title="ژوند – paxto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ژوند" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paxto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vida" title="Vida – portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vida" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawsay" title="Kawsay – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kawsay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Viață – romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Viață" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Жизнь – ruso" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Жизнь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Жывот – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Жывот" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuzima" title="Ubuzima – kiñaruanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ubuzima" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kiñaruanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%85" title="Олох – iacuto" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Олох" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iacuto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B1" title="ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vita" title="Vita – siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Vita" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life" title="Life – escocés" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Life" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="escocés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%D9%8A" title="زندگي – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="زندگي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDivot" title="Život – serbocroata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Život" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%93%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BA" title="ජීවය – cingalés" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජීවය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life" title="Life – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Life" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDivot" title="Život – eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Život" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="زندگی – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="زندگی" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDivljenje" title="Življenje – esloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Življenje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hupenyu" title="Hupenyu – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Hupenyu" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolosha" title="Nolosha – somalí" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Nolosha" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeta" title="Jeta – albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Jeta" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Живот – serbio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Живот" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hirup" title="Hirup – sundanés" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Hirup" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liv" title="Liv – sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Liv" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uhai" title="Uhai – suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uhai" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BBycie" title="Życie – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Życie" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/uzip" title="uzip – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="uzip" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="உயிர் – támil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உயிர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="támil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%82" title="జీవం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జీవం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%A3" title="Зиндагӣ – taxico" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Зиндагӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="taxico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95" title="ชีวิต – tailandés" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ชีวิต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Da%C5%9Fa%C3%BDy%C5%9F" title="Ýaşaýyş – turkmeno" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Ýaşaýyş" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buhay" title="Buhay – tagalo" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Buhay" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo%27ui" title="Mo'ui – tongano" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Mo'ui" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="tongano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ya%C5%9Fam" title="Yaşam – turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yaşam" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vutomi" title="Vutomi – tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Vutomi" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Тереклек – tártaro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Тереклек" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tártaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8F" title="Життя – ucraíno" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Життя" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraíno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="حیات – urdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="حیات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayot" title="Hayot – uzbeko" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Hayot" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vita" title="Vita – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Vita" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elo" title="Elo – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Elo" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%E1%BB%B1_s%E1%BB%91ng" title="Sự sống – vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sự sống" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lif" title="Lif – volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Lif" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veye_(biyolodjeye)" title="Veye (biyolodjeye) – valón" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Veye (biyolodjeye)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinabuhi" title="Kinabuhi – waray-waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kinabuhi" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray-waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD" title="生命 – chinés wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="生命" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chinés wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life" title="Life – xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Life" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="თელარა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="თელარა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%9F" title="לעבן – yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="לעבן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sengmingh" title="Sengmingh – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Sengmingh" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD" title="生命 – chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="生命" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A8%E2%81%BF-mi%C4%81" title="Sèⁿ-miā – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sèⁿ-miā" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD" title="生命 – cantonés" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="生命" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impilo" title="Impilo – zulú" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Impilo" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar as ligazóns interlingüísticas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar as ligazóns</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espazos de nomes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vida" title="Ver o contido da páxina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artigo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Conversa:Vida" rel="discussion" title="Conversa acerca do contido desta páxina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Conversa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambiar a variante de lingua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">galego</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistas"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vida"><span>Ler</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit" title="Editar esta páxina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit" title="Editar o código fonte desta páxina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar a fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=history" title="Versións anteriores desta páxina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ver o historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas das páxinas"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ferramentas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ferramentas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ferramentas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">agochar</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Máis opcións" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accións </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vida"><span>Ler</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit" title="Editar esta páxina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit" title="Editar o código fonte desta páxina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar a fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=history"><span>Ver o historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Xeral </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1xinas_que_ligan_con_esta/Vida" title="Lista de todas as páxinas do wiki que ligan cara a aquí [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Páxinas que ligan con esta</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Cambios_relacionados/Vida" rel="nofollow" title="Cambios recentes nas páxinas ligadas desde esta [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Cambios relacionados</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1xinas_especiais" title="Lista de todas as páxinas especiais [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Páxinas especiais</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&oldid=6700401" title="Ligazón permanente a esta versión desta páxina"><span>Ligazón permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=info" title="Máis información sobre esta páxina"><span>Información da páxina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Cita&page=Vida&id=6700401&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Información sobre como citar esta páxina"><span>Citar esta páxina</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FVida"><span>Xerar URL acurtado</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FVida"><span>Descargar o código QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimir/exportar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Vida"><span>Crear un libro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Vida&action=show-download-screen"><span>Descargar como PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&printable=yes" title="Versión para imprimir da páxina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versión para imprimir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Noutros proxectos </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Life" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikiquote.org/wiki/Vida" hreflang="gl"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3" title="Ligazón ao elemento conectado no repositorio de datos [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento de Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas das páxinas"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparencia"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparencia</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">agochar</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-03-1000" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lista_de_artigos_que_toda_Wikipedia_deber%C3%ADa_ter" title="Este é un dos 1000 artigos que toda Wikipedia debería ter"><img alt="Este é un dos 1000 artigos que toda Wikipedia debería ter" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/AD_%2B30.svg/22px-AD_%2B30.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/AD_%2B30.svg/33px-AD_%2B30.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/AD_%2B30.svg/44px-AD_%2B30.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="10" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Na Galipedia, a Wikipedia en galego.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="gl" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div> <table class="toccolours" style="width:225px; margin: 0 0 0.5em 1em; float:right; clear:right; border-collapse: collapse" cellspacing="3" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <th style="background:#FDDBAF;" colspan="2"><span style="font-size:125%; font-weight: bold;">Vida</span> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Different_kinds_of_life_on_Earth.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Different_kinds_of_life_on_Earth.png/250px-Different_kinds_of_life_on_Earth.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="454" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Different_kinds_of_life_on_Earth.png/375px-Different_kinds_of_life_on_Earth.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Different_kinds_of_life_on_Earth.png/500px-Different_kinds_of_life_on_Earth.png 2x" data-file-width="598" data-file-height="1087" /></a></span><br /><small>Colaxe de imaxes dos <a href="/wiki/Reino_(biolox%C3%ADa)" title="Reino (bioloxía)">seis tipos de vida</a> que existen (<a href="/wiki/Planta" title="Planta">plantas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Animais" title="Animais">animais</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arqueas" title="Arqueas">arqueas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monera" title="Monera">bacterias</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fungo_(biolox%C3%ADa)" title="Fungo (bioloxía)">fungos</a> e <a href="/wiki/Protistas" title="Protistas">protistas</a>).</small> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th style="background: #FDDBAF;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Clasificaci%C3%B3n_cient%C3%ADfica" title="Clasificación científica">Clasificación científica</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <table style="margin:0 auto; text-align:left; background:none; color:inherit" cellpadding="2"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Divisi%C3%B3n_(biolox%C3%ADa)" class="mw-redirect" title="División (bioloxía)">División</a>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Clasificaci%C3%B3n_cient%C3%ADfica" title="Clasificación científica">Domínios</a> e <a href="/wiki/Reino_(biolox%C3%ADa)" title="Reino (bioloxía)">reinos</a> <p>Vida na Terra: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acelular" title="Acelular">vida non celular</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>n. 1<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>n. 2<span>]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Virus">Virus</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>n. 3<span>]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viroide" title="Viroide">Viroides</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vida_celular" title="Vida celular">Vida celular</a> <ul><li>Domínio <a href="/wiki/Bacteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Bacteria">Bacteria</a></li> <li>Domínio <a href="/wiki/Archaea" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaea">Archaea</a></li> <li>Domínio <a href="/wiki/Eukarya" class="mw-redirect" title="Eukarya">Eukarya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeplastida" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeplastida">Archaeplastida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supergrupo_SAR" title="Supergrupo SAR">Harosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excavata" class="mw-redirect" title="Excavata">Excavata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amoebozoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Amoebozoa">Amoebozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opisthokonta" class="mw-redirect" title="Opisthokonta">Opisthokonta</a><br /><small></small></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <p>O termo <b>vida</b><sup id="cite_ref-rag_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rag-4"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> (en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_latina" title="Lingua latina">latín</a>: <i>vita</i>) é unha característica que distingue <a href="/w/index.php?title=Corpo_(f%C3%ADsica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Corpo (física) (a páxina aínda non existe)">entidades físicas</a> que teñen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proceso_biol%C3%B3xico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proceso biolóxico (a páxina aínda non existe)">procesos biolóxicos</a>, como <a href="/wiki/Sinalizaci%C3%B3n_celular" title="Sinalización celular">procesos de sinalización celular</a> e <a href="/wiki/Autosuficiencia" title="Autosuficiencia">autosuficiencia</a>, das que non a teñen, xa sexa porque tales funcións cesaron (<a href="/wiki/Morte" title="Morte">morto</a>), ou porque nunca tiveron tales funcións e clasifícanse como inanimadas. Existen diversas formas de vida, como <a href="/wiki/Planta" title="Planta">plantas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Animais" title="Animais">animais</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fungo_(biolox%C3%ADa)" title="Fungo (bioloxía)">fungos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Protistas" title="Protistas">protistas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arqueas" title="Arqueas">arqueas</a> e <a href="/wiki/Bacterias" title="Bacterias">bacterias</a>. Actualmente non hai consenso sobre a definición de vida. Unha definición popular é que os <a href="/wiki/Ser_vivo" title="Ser vivo">organismos</a> son <a href="/wiki/Sistema_termodin%C3%A1mico" title="Sistema termodinámico">sistemas abertos</a> que manteñen a <a href="/wiki/Homeostase" title="Homeostase">homeostase</a>, están compostos por <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9lula" title="Célula">células</a>, teñen un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ciclo_biol%C3%B3xico_de_vida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciclo biolóxico de vida (a páxina aínda non existe)">ciclo vital</a>, experimentan <a href="/wiki/Metabolismo" title="Metabolismo">metabolismo</a>, poden crecer, <a href="/wiki/Adaptaci%C3%B3n_biol%C3%B3xica" title="Adaptación biolóxica">adaptarse</a> á contorna, responder a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Est%C3%ADmulo_(fisiolox%C3%ADa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estímulo (fisioloxía) (a páxina aínda non existe)">estímulos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reproduci%C3%B3n" title="Reprodución">reproducirse</a> e <a href="/wiki/Evoluci%C3%B3n" title="Evolución">evolucionar</a>. Outras definicións inclúen ás veces formas de vida non celular, como <a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Virus">virus</a> e <a href="/wiki/Viroide" title="Viroide">viroides</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Biolox%C3%ADa" title="Bioloxía">bioloxía</a> é a <a href="/wiki/Ciencia" title="Ciencia">ciencia</a> que estuda a vida. </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Abiox%C3%A9nese" title="Abioxénese">abioxénese</a> é o proceso natural polo que a vida xorde a partir de materia non viva, como os <a href="/wiki/Materia_org%C3%A1nica" title="Materia orgánica">compostos orgánicos</a> simples. A hipótese científica predominante é que a transición de entidades non vivas a entidades vivas non foi un acontecemento único, senón un proceso gradual de complexidade crecente. A vida na Terra <a href="/w/index.php?title=Primeiras_formas_de_vida_co%C3%B1ecidas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Primeiras formas de vida coñecidas (a páxina aínda non existe)">apareceu por primeira vez</a> fai 4280 millóns de anos, pouco despois da <a href="/wiki/Orixe_da_auga_na_Terra" title="Orixe da auga na Terra">formación dos océanos</a>, fai 4410 millóns de anos, e non moito despois da <a href="/wiki/Terra" title="Terra">formación da Terra</a>, fai 4540 millóns de anos.<sup id="cite_ref-NAT-20170301_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NAT-20170301-5"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT-20170301_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20170301-6"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBC-20170301_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-20170301-7"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4.3b_oldest_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4.3b_oldest-8"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> As primeiras formas de vida coñecidas son <a href="/wiki/Microf%C3%B3sil" class="mw-redirect" title="Microfósil">microfósiles</a> de bacterias.<sup id="cite_ref-WU-20171218_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WU-20171218-9"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PNAS-2017_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PNAS-2017-10"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> A vida na Terra descende probablemente dun <a href="/wiki/Hip%C3%B3tese_do_mundo_de_ARN" title="Hipótese do mundo de ARN">mundo de ARN</a>, aínda que a vida baseada no <a href="/wiki/%C3%81cido_ribonucleico" title="Ácido ribonucleico">ARN</a> pode que non fora a primeira en existir.<sup id="cite_ref-Robertson2012_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Robertson2012-11"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cech2012_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cech2012-12"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup> O clásico <a href="/wiki/Experimento_de_Miller_e_Urey" title="Experimento de Miller e Urey">Experimento de Miller e Urey</a> de 1952 e investigacións similares demostraron que a maioría dos <a href="/wiki/Amino%C3%A1cido" title="Aminoácido">aminoácidos</a>, os constituíntes químicos das <a href="/wiki/Prote%C3%ADna" title="Proteína">proteínas</a> utilizadas en todos os organismos vivos, poden sintetizarse a partir de <a href="/wiki/Composto_inorg%C3%A1nico" title="Composto inorgánico">compostos inorgánicos</a> en condicións similares ás atopadas na <a href="/wiki/Historia_da_Terra" title="Historia da Terra">Terra primitiva</a>. As moléculas orgánicas complexas atópanse no <a href="/wiki/Sistema_solar" title="Sistema solar">sistema solar</a> e no <a href="/wiki/Espazo_exterior" title="Espazo exterior">espazo interestelar</a> e poden proporcionar <a href="/wiki/Precursor_qu%C3%ADmico" title="Precursor químico">materia prima</a> para o desenvolvemento da vida na Terra.<sup id="cite_ref-Ehrenfreund2010_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ehrenfreund2010-13"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Science_2015_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Science_2015-14"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Desde os seus inicios, a vida na Terra cambiou a súa contorna nunha <a href="/wiki/Escala_de_tempo_xeol%C3%B3xico" class="mw-redirect" title="Escala de tempo xeolóxico">escala de tempo xeolóxico</a>, pero tamén se adaptou para sobrevivir na maioría de <a href="/wiki/Ecosistema" title="Ecosistema">ecosistemas</a> e condicións. Algúns microorganismos, denominados <a href="/wiki/Extrem%C3%B3filo" title="Extremófilo">extremófilos</a>, prosperan en contornas física ou xeoquimicamente extremos que son prexudiciais para a maioría das demais formas de vida da Terra. A <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9lula" title="Célula">célula</a> considérase a unidade estrutural e funcional da vida.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span>[</span>15<span>]</span></a></sup> Existen dous tipos de células, <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9lula_procariota" title="Célula procariota">procariota</a> e <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9lula_eucariota" title="Célula eucariota">eucariota</a>, ambas as dúas formadas por <a href="/wiki/Citoplasma" title="Citoplasma">citoplasma</a> encerrado por unha <a href="/wiki/Membrana_celular" title="Membrana celular">membrana</a> e que conteñen moitas <a href="/wiki/Biomol%C3%A9cula" title="Biomolécula">biomoléculas</a>, como <a href="/wiki/Prote%C3%ADna" title="Proteína">proteínas</a> e <a href="/wiki/%C3%81cido_nucleico" title="Ácido nucleico">ácidos nucleicos</a>. As células reprodúcense mediante un proceso de <a href="/wiki/Divisi%C3%B3n_celular" title="División celular">división celular</a>, no que a célula nai divídese en dúas ou máis células fillas. </p><p>No pasado houbo moitos intentos de definir o que se entende por "vida" mediante conceptos obsoletos como <a href="/w/index.php?title=Forza_%C3%B3dica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forza ódica (a páxina aínda non existe)">forza ódica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hilemorfismo" title="Hilemorfismo">hilomorfismo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teor%C3%ADa_da_xeraci%C3%B3n_espont%C3%A1nea" title="Teoría da xeración espontánea">xeración espontánea</a> e <a href="/wiki/Vitalismo" title="Vitalismo">vitalismo</a>, hoxe refutados pola <a href="/wiki/Biolox%C3%ADa" title="Bioloxía">descubrimentos biolóxicos</a>. <a href="/wiki/Arist%C3%B3teles" title="Aristóteles">Aristóteles</a> é considerado a primeira persoa que <a href="/wiki/Taxonom%C3%ADa" title="Taxonomía">clasificou</a> os organismos. Máis tarde, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lineu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lineu (a páxina aínda non existe)">Carl Linnaeus</a> introduciu o seu sistema de <a href="/wiki/Nomenclatura_binomial" title="Nomenclatura binomial">nomenclatura binomial</a> para a clasificación de <a href="/wiki/Especies" class="mw-redirect" title="Especies">especies</a>. Co tempo, descubríronse novos grupos e categorías de vida, como as células e os microorganismos, o que obrigou a revisar drasticamente a estrutura das relacións entre os organismos vivos. Aínda que actualmente só se coñece na <a href="/wiki/Terra" title="Terra">Terra</a>, a vida non ten por que limitarse a ela, e moitos científicos especulan coa existencia de <a href="/wiki/Vida_extraterrestre" title="Vida extraterrestre">vida extraterrestre</a>. O concepto de <a href="/wiki/Vida_artificial" title="Vida artificial">vida artificial</a> defínese por unha <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simulaci%C3%B3n_por_computador&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simulación por computador (a páxina aínda non existe)">simulación por computador</a> ou unha reconstrución feita polo home de calquera aspecto da vida, que a miúdo se utiliza para examinar sistemas relacionados coa vida natural. Morte]] é a terminación permanente de todos os procesos biolóxicos que sustentan un organismo e, como tal, é o final da súa vida. O termo <a href="/wiki/Extinci%C3%B3n" title="Extinción">extinción</a> describe a morte dun grupo ou <a href="/wiki/Tax%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxón">taxón</a>, normalmente unha <a href="/wiki/Especie" title="Especie">especie</a>. Os fósiles son os restos conservados ou <a href="/w/index.php?title=Icnof%C3%B3sil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Icnofósil (a páxina aínda non existe)">vestixios</a> de organismos. </p><p>A pesar de que non pode indicarse con precisión, a evidencia suxire que existiu vida na <a href="/wiki/Terra" title="Terra">Terra</a> durante 3700 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mill%C3%B3n_(n%C3%BAmero)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Millón (número) (a páxina aínda non existe)">millóns</a> de anos polo menos,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span>[</span>16<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span>[</span>17<span>]</span></a></sup> aínda que algúns estudos dátana dende hai 4250 millóns de anos,<sup id="cite_ref-NS-20080702_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NS-20080702-21"><span>[</span>18<span>]</span></a></sup> ou mesmo 4400 millóns de anos, segundo un estudo publicado en <i><a href="/wiki/Nature" title="Nature">Nature</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-RN-20090520_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RN-20090520-22"><span>[</span>19<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cientificamente, pode definirse como a capacidade de administrar os recursos internos dun <a href="/wiki/Ser_vivo" title="Ser vivo">ser</a> <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsica" title="Física">físico</a> de forma <a href="/wiki/Adaptaci%C3%B3n_biol%C3%B3xica" title="Adaptación biolóxica">adaptada</a> aos cambios producidos no seu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ambiente_biof%C3%ADsico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ambiente biofísico (a páxina aínda non existe)">medio</a>, sen que exista unha <a href="/w/index.php?title=Correspondencia_matem%C3%A1tica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Correspondencia matemática (a páxina aínda non existe)">correspondencia</a> directa de <a href="/wiki/Causa" class="mw-redirect" title="Causa">causa</a> e <a href="/wiki/Consecuencia_l%C3%B3xica" title="Consecuencia lóxica">efecto</a> entre o ser que administra os recursos e o cambio introducido no medio por ese ser, senón unha <a href="/wiki/As%C3%ADntota" title="Asíntota">asíntota</a> de aproximación ó ideal establecido por dito ser, ideal que nunca chega á súa consecución completa pola dinámica do medio.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span>[</span>20<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/300px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/450px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/600px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3002" /></a><figcaption> A <a href="/wiki/Terra" title="Terra">Terra</a> é o único lugar do <a href="/wiki/Universo" title="Universo">Universo</a> do que se sabe que hai vida.</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definiçións"><span id="Defini.C3.A7i.C3.B3ns"></span>Definiçións</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar a sección: «Definiçións»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Definiçións"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A definición de vida foi un reto para científicos e filósofos, que propuxeron definicións moi variadas..<sup id="cite_ref-Definitions_2009_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Definitions_2009-24"><span>[</span>21<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Emmeche1997_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Emmeche1997-25"><span>[</span>22<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-McKay_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McKay-26"><span>[</span>23<span>]</span></a></sup> En parte, isto débese a que a vida é un proceso, non unha substancia.<sup id="cite_ref-DefinitionMotivation_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DefinitionMotivation-27"><span>[</span>24<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SeedingBook_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SeedingBook-28"><span>[</span>25<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span>[</span>26<span>]</span></a></sup> Isto complícase polo descoñecemento das características das entidades vivas, se as hai, que poidan desenvolverse fóra da Terra.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span>[</span>27<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bioethics_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bioethics-31"><span>[</span>28<span>]</span></a></sup> Tamén se presentaron definicións filosóficas da vida, con dificultades similares sobre como distinguir o vivo do inerte.<sup id="cite_ref-Jeuken1975_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jeuken1975-32"><span>[</span>29<span>]</span></a></sup> Tamén se describiron e debatido definicións xurídicas da vida, aínda que xeralmente céntranse na decisión de declarar morto a un ser humano e as ramificacións xurídicas desa decisión.<sup id="cite_ref-Capron1978_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Capron1978-33"><span>[</span>30<span>]</span></a></sup> Recompiláronse ata 123 definicións da vida.<sup id="cite_ref-JBSD-20110317_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JBSD-20110317-34"><span>[</span>31<span>]</span></a></sup> Unha definición parece ser favorecida pola <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>: "un sistema químico autosustentable capaz de evolución darwiniana."<sup id="cite_ref-NASA-20210306_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA-20210306-35"><span>[</span>32<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NG-20201214_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NG-20201214-36"><span>[</span>33<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SPC-20130801_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPC-20130801-37"><span>[</span>34<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT-20210226_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20210226-38"><span>[</span>35<span>]</span></a></sup> Máis sinxelamente, a vida é "materia que pode reproducirse e evolucionar segundo díteo a supervivencia".<sup id="cite_ref-ETSU-2012a_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ETSU-2012a-39"><span>[</span>36<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ETSU-2012b_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ETSU-2012b-40"><span>[</span>37<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ETSU-2012c_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ETSU-2012c-41"><span>[</span>38<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bioloxía"><span id="Biolox.C3.ADa"></span>Bioloxía</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar a sección: «Bioloxía»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Bioloxía"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="detail principal"> <dl><dd><span><span><i>Artigo principal</i><i>:</i> <a href="/wiki/Biolox%C3%ADa" title="Bioloxía">Bioloxía</a>.</span></span></dd></dl></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Characteristics_of_life.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Characteristics_of_life.svg/170px-Characteristics_of_life.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Characteristics_of_life.svg/255px-Characteristics_of_life.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Characteristics_of_life.svg/340px-Characteristics_of_life.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /></a><figcaption> As características da vida</figcaption></figure> <p>Dado que non existe unha definición inequívoca de vida, a maioría das definicións actuais en bioloxía son descritivas. Considérase a vida como unha característica de algo que conserva, favorece ou reforza a súa existencia nun ambiente determinado. Este trazo mostra todos ou a maioría dos seguintes trazos:<sup id="cite_ref-McKay_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McKay-26"><span>[</span>23<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Koshland_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Koshland-42"><span>[</span>39<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span>[</span>40<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span>[</span>41<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span>[</span>42<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JBS-2012Feb_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JBS-2012Feb-46"><span>[</span>43<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span>[</span>44<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li><b><a href="/wiki/Homeostase" title="Homeostase">Homeostase</a></b>: regulación do medio interno para manter un estado constante e estable; por exemplo, suar para reducir a temperatura;</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organizaci%C3%B3n_biol%C3%B3xica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organización biolóxica (a páxina aínda non existe)">Organización</a></b>: estar estruturalmente composto por unha ou máis <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9lula" title="Célula">células</a>, que son as unidades básicas da vida;</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Metabolismo" title="Metabolismo">Metabolismo</a></b>: transformación da enerxía mediante a conversión de produtos químicos e enerxía en compoñentes celulares (<a href="/wiki/Anabolismo" title="Anabolismo">anabolismo</a>) e descomposición da materia orgánica (<a href="/wiki/Catabolismo" title="Catabolismo">catabolismo</a>). Os seres vivos necesitan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bioenerx%C3%A9tica_(biolox%C3%ADa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bioenerxética (bioloxía) (a páxina aínda non existe)">enerxía</a> para manter a organización interna (homeostase) e para producir outros fenómenos asociados á vida;</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Crecemento_celular" title="Crecemento celular">Crecemento</a></b>: mantemento dunha taxa de anabolismo máis alta que a do catabolismo. Un organismo en crecemento aumenta de tamaño en todas as súas partes, no canto de simplemente acumular materia;</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Adaptaci%C3%B3n_biol%C3%B3xica" title="Adaptación biolóxica">Adaptation</a></b>: a capacidade de cambiar co tempo en resposta ao medio. Esta habilidade é fundamental para o proceso de <a href="/wiki/Evoluci%C3%B3n" title="Evolución">evolución</a> e está determinada pola <a href="/wiki/Herdanza_xen%C3%A9tica" title="Herdanza xenética">herdanza</a> do organismo, a dieta e os factores externos;</li> <li><b>Resposta a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Est%C3%ADmulo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estímulo (a páxina aínda non existe)">estímulos</a></b>: unha resposta pode adoptar moitas formas, desde a contracción dun <a href="/wiki/Organismo_unicelular" title="Organismo unicelular">organismo unicelular</a> a substancias químicas externas, ata reaccións complexas que implican todos os sentidos dos <a href="/wiki/Organismo_pluricelular" title="Organismo pluricelular">organismos pluricelulares</a>. Unha resposta adoita expresarse mediante o movemento; por exemplo, as follas dunha planta mirando cara ao sol (<a href="/wiki/Fototropismo" title="Fototropismo">fototropismo</a>) e <a href="/wiki/Quimiotaxe" title="Quimiotaxe">quimiotaxe</a>;</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Reproduci%C3%B3n" title="Reprodución">Reprodución</a></b>: a capacidade de producir novos organismos individuais, xa sexa <a href="/wiki/Reproduci%C3%B3n_asexual" title="Reprodución asexual">asexualmente</a> a partir dun só organismo pai ou <a href="/wiki/Reproduci%C3%B3n_sexual" title="Reprodución sexual">sexualmente</a> a partir de dous organismos pais.</li></ol> <p>Estes procesos complexos, chamados <a href="/wiki/Fisiolox%C3%ADa" title="Fisioloxía">funcións fisiolóxicas</a>, teñen bases físicas e químicas subxacentes, así como <a href="/wiki/Sinalizaci%C3%B3n_celular" title="Sinalización celular">mecanismos de sinalización</a> e control esencial para o mantemento da vida. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Definicións_alternativas"><span id="Definici.C3.B3ns_alternativas"></span>Definicións alternativas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar a sección: «Definicións alternativas»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Definicións alternativas"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Desde o <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsica" title="Física">punto de vista da física</a>, os seres vivos son <a href="/wiki/Sistema_termodin%C3%A1mico" title="Sistema termodinámico">sistemas termodinámicos</a> cunha estrutura molecular organizada que pode reproducirse e evolucionar segundo o indica a supervivencia.<sup id="cite_ref-Luttermoser-1_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Luttermoser-1-48"><span>[</span>45<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Luttermoser-2_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Luttermoser-2-49"><span>[</span>46<span>]</span></a></sup> Termodinámicamente, a vida foi descrita como un sistema aberto que fai uso de gradientes no seu contorno para crear copias imperfectas de si mesma.<sup id="cite_ref-Review_2009_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Review_2009-50"><span>[</span>47<span>]</span></a></sup> Outra forma de expresar isto é definir a vida como "un sistema químico autosustentable capaz de sufrir o <a href="/wiki/Darwinismo" title="Darwinismo">evolución darwiniana</a>", unha definición adoptada por un comité da <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> que intenta definir a vida para os propósitos de <a href="/wiki/Astrobiolox%C3%ADa" title="Astrobioloxía">exobioloxía </a>, baseada nunha suxestión de <a href="/wiki/Carl_Sagan" title="Carl Sagan">Carl Sagan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span>[</span>48<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span>[</span>49<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT-20151028_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20151028-53"><span>[</span>50<span>]</span></a></sup> Un dos principais puntos fortes desta definición é que distingue a vida polo proceso evolutivo e non pola súa composición química.<sup id="cite_ref-Domagal_2016_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Domagal_2016-54"><span>[</span>51<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Outros teñen un punto de vista sistémico que non depende necesariamente da química molecular. Unha definición sistémica da vida é que os seres vivos son <a href="/wiki/Autoorganizaci%C3%B3n" title="Autoorganización">autoorganizados</a> e <a href="/wiki/Autopoiese" title="Autopoiese">autopoiéticos</a> (autoproductores). Variacións desta definición inclúen a definición de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stuart_Kauffman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stuart Kauffman (a páxina aínda non existe)">Stuart Kauffman</a> dun axente autónomo ou un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistema_multiaxente&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistema multiaxente (a páxina aínda non existe)">sistema multiaxente</a> capaz de reproducirse a si mesmo ou de completar polo menos un <a href="/wiki/Ciclo_termodin%C3%A1mico" title="Ciclo termodinámico">ciclo de traballo termodinámico</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span>[</span>52<span>]</span></a></sup> Esta definición amplíase coa aparición de novas funcións ao longo do tempo.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span>[</span>53<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Xeneralidades">Xeneralidades</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar a sección: «Xeneralidades»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Xeneralidades"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Na_ciencia">Na ciencia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editar a sección: «Na ciencia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Na ciencia"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En termos <a href="/wiki/Ciencia" title="Ciencia">científicos</a>, e para a <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsica" title="Física">física</a> e outras ciencias afíns, a vida fai referencia á duración das cousas ou ó seu proceso de evolución (vida media, <i>ciclo vital das estrelas</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span>[</span>54<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/Biolox%C3%ADa" title="Bioloxía">bioloxía</a>, considérase a <a href="/wiki/Teor%C3%ADa_de_sistemas" title="Teoría de sistemas">condición interna esencial que categoriza</a>, tanto polas súas semellanzas como diferenzas, aos <a href="/wiki/Ser_vivo" title="Ser vivo">seres vivos</a>. En xeral, é o estado intermedio entre o <a href="/wiki/Parto" title="Parto">nacemento</a> e a <a href="/wiki/Morte" title="Morte">morte</a>. Desde un punto de vista <a href="/wiki/Bioqu%C3%ADmica" title="Bioquímica">bioquímico</a>, a vida pode definirse como un estado ou carácter especial da materia alcanzado por estruturas moleculares específicas, con capacidade para desenvolverse, manterse nun ambiente, recoñecer e responder a estímulos e reproducirse permitindo a continuidade. </p><p>As estruturas de vida biomoleculares establecen un rango de estabilidade que permite que a vida sexa continuada, dinámica e finalmente evolutiva. Así pois, os seres vivos distínguense dos seres inertes por un conxunto de características, sendo as máis importantes a organización molecular, a reprodución, a evolución e o manexo non espontáneo da súa enerxía interna. </p><p>Na <a href="/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina">medicina</a>, existen distintas interpretacións científicas sobre o momento determinado no que comeza a existir a <i>vida humana</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span>[</span>55<span>]</span></a></sup> segundo as diferentes perspectivas filosóficas, relixiosas, culturais, e segundo os imperativos legais. Para algúns, a vida existe desde que se fecunda o <a href="/wiki/%C3%93vulo" title="Óvulo">óvulo</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span>[</span>56<span>]</span></a></sup> para outros, desde que xa non é posible legalmente o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aborto_inducido&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aborto inducido (a páxina aínda non existe)">aborto</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span>[</span>57<span>]</span></a></sup> até o cesamento irreversible da actividade cerebral ou <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Morte_cerebral&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Morte cerebral (a páxina aínda non existe)">morte cerebral</a></i>. Defínese tamén a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida_vexetativa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vida vexetativa (a páxina aínda non existe)">vida vexetativa</a> como un conxunto de funcións involuntarias nerviosas e hormonais que adecúan o medio interno para que o organismo responda nas mellores circunstancias ás condicións do medio externo, funcións que parecen estar rexidas polo <a href="/wiki/Hipot%C3%A1lamo" title="Hipotálamo">hipotálamo</a> e o eixo hipotálamo-<a href="/wiki/Hip%C3%B3fise" class="mw-redirect" title="Hipófise">hipofisario</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span>[</span>58<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/Cosmolox%C3%ADa" title="Cosmoloxía">cosmoloxía</a>, aínda non se coñece nin se sabe se será posible coñecer a existencia de vida noutros lugares do Universo distintos da Terra, pero científicos como o divulgador <a href="/wiki/Carl_Sagan" title="Carl Sagan">Carl Sagan</a> (1934-1996), pensan que, <a href="/wiki/Probabilidade" title="Probabilidade">probabilísticamente</a> falando, e tendo en conta as condicións necesarias para a vida tal como a coñecemos, o cosmos é tan inmenso que se fai <i>necesaria</i> a existencia de, mesmo, civilizacións avanzadas noutros planetas.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span>[</span>59<span>]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ecuaci%C3%B3n_de_Drake&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ecuación de Drake (a páxina aínda non existe)">ecuación de Drake</a> é un intento de estimación inicial do número de civilizacións existentes fóra da Terra.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span>[</span>60<span>]</span></a></sup> Unha serie de proxectos científicos, os proxectos <a href="/wiki/SETI" title="SETI">SETI</a>, están dedicados á procura de vida intelixente extraterrestre. Por outra banda, a recente <a href="/wiki/Teor%C3%ADa_de_supercordas" class="mw-redirect" title="Teoría de supercordas">teoría de supercordas</a> leva, entre outras conclusións, á posible existencia de <i>infinitos</i> <a href="/wiki/Universos_paralelos" class="mw-redirect" title="Universos paralelos">universos paralelos</a> en parte dos cales existirían mundos con vida idénticos ó que coñecemos, así como tamén, noutros universos, mundos con variacións respecto ó noso desde sutís até totais, dentro dun enorme -aínda que finito- abano de posibilidades. </p><p>Desde a perspectiva da <a href="/wiki/Psicolox%C3%ADa" title="Psicoloxía">psicoloxía</a>, a vida é un sentimento apreciativo polas interaccións do <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eu (a páxina aínda non existe)">ego</a> co <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ambiente_biof%C3%ADsico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ambiente biofísico (a páxina aínda non existe)">medio</a>, e, por reacción ó devandito sentimento, a loita por soster a súa <a href="/wiki/Homeostase" title="Homeostase">homeostase</a> en estado preferente. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Na_química"><span id="Na_qu.C3.ADmica"></span>Na química</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editar a sección: «Na química»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Na química"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Segundo o <a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel_de_Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Premio Nobel de Química">Premio Nobel de Química</a> <a href="/wiki/Ilya_Prigogine" title="Ilya Prigogine">Ilya Prigogine</a> a vida é o reino do non lineal, da autonomía do <a href="/wiki/Tempo" title="Tempo">tempo</a>, da multiplicidade das estruturas, algo que non se ve no universo non vivente. A vida caracterízase pola inestabilidade pola cal nacen e desaparecen estruturas en tempos <a href="/wiki/Xeolox%C3%ADa" title="Xeoloxía">xeolóxicos</a>. </p><p>Para <a href="/wiki/Ilya_Prigogine" title="Ilya Prigogine">Ilya Prigogine</a> a vida é o <a href="/wiki/Tempo" title="Tempo">tempo</a> que se inscribe na materia e os fenómenos irreversibles son a orixe da organización <a href="/wiki/Biolox%C3%ADa" title="Bioloxía">biolóxica</a>. Todos os fenómenos biolóxicos son irreversibles. Esta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Irreversibilidade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irreversibilidade (a páxina aínda non existe)">irreversibilidade</a> é unha propiedade común a todo o <a href="/wiki/Universo" title="Universo">Universo</a>, todos envellecemos na mesma dirección porque existe unha <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frecha_do_tempo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frecha do tempo (a páxina aínda non existe)">frecha do tempo</a>. </p><p>Para Prigogine é a función a que crea a estrutura e os fenómenos irreversibles son a orixe da organización biolóxica, é dicir, da vida. </p><p>A vida non se corresponde a un fenómeno único; a vida fórmase cada vez que as circunstancias planetarias son favorables. A partir dos principios da <a href="/wiki/Termodin%C3%A1mica" title="Termodinámica">termodinámica</a> sabemos que o porvir da vida é incerto e descoñecemos até onde pode chegar. Os sistemas dinámicos da bioloxía son inestables, polo tanto diríxense cara a un porvir que é imposible de determinar a priori. O futuro está aberto a procesos sempre novos de transformación e de aumento da complexidade dos sistemas vivos, da <a href="/wiki/Complexidade_biol%C3%B3xica" title="Complexidade biolóxica">complexidade biolóxica</a>, nunha creación continua.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span>[</span>61<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Na_filosofía"><span id="Na_filosof.C3.ADa"></span>Na filosofía</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editar a sección: «Na filosofía»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit&section=7" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Na filosofía"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Desde unha perspectiva <a href="/wiki/Filosof%C3%ADa" title="Filosofía">filosófica</a>, pode abordarse desde diferentes modos de conceptualización: objectivismo (<a href="/wiki/Edmund_Husserl" title="Edmund Husserl">Edmund Husserl</a>), dualidade alma-corpo (<a href="/wiki/Plat%C3%B3n" title="Platón">Platón</a>, <a href="/wiki/Descartes" class="mw-redirect" title="Descartes">Descartes</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Scheller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Max Scheller (a páxina aínda non existe)">Max Scheller</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Klages&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludwig Klages (a páxina aínda non existe)">Ludwig Klages</a>), mente e cerebro (<a href="/wiki/Henri_Bergson" title="Henri Bergson">Henri Bergson</a>), vida e ser (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Vilanova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albert Vilanova (a páxina aínda non existe)">Albert Vilanova</a>), e a fenomenoloxía do coñecemento e a aprehensión (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolai_Hartmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolai Hartmann (a páxina aínda non existe)">Nicolai Hartmann</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span>[</span>62<span>]</span></a></sup> O concepto de <i>vida</i> ou <a href="/wiki/Existencia" title="Existencia">existencia</a>, inseparable do de <i>morte</i> ou <i>inexistencia</i>, e a súa transcendencia, foron e son diferentes nos distintos lugares e épocas da <a href="/wiki/Historia_da_humanidade" class="mw-redirect" title="Historia da humanidade">historia da humanidade</a>. A importancia primordial da vida para o ser humano inflúe na linguaxe, de forma que son numerosos os diferentes usos e expresións que conteñen este termo.<sup id="cite_ref-rag_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rag-4"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Na_relixión"><span id="Na_relixi.C3.B3n"></span>Na relixión</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editar a sección: «Na relixión»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit&section=8" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Na relixión"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Para a maioría das <a href="/wiki/Relixi%C3%B3n" title="Relixión">relixións</a>, a vida presenta connotacións espirituais e transcendentais. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Visión_retrospectiva_do_concepto_de_vida"><span id="Visi.C3.B3n_retrospectiva_do_concepto_de_vida"></span>Visión retrospectiva do concepto de vida</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Editar a sección: «Visión retrospectiva do concepto de vida»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit&section=9" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Visión retrospectiva do concepto de vida"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tradicionalmente a vida foi un concepto abstracto e, polo tanto, difuso e de difícil definición. Por isto adoitábase definir en contraposición á <i>non vida</i> ou o <a href="/wiki/Morte" title="Morte">inerte</a>, especialmente aludindo ás propiedades diferenciadoras. O que máis confundía eran as estruturas <a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Virus">víricas</a>, que non comparten todas as propiedades máis comúns do resto das estruturas vivas. Así mesmo tampouco estaba clara a fronteira entre a vida e a <a href="/wiki/Morte" title="Morte">morte</a>, facendo difícil determinar cando acontecía exactamente esta última. </p><p>Dada a confusión á hora de definir a vida, optouse por facelo en función dos resultados obtidos tras o desenvolvemento completo do ADN, e non respecto ao potencial mesmo desa molécula, de tal modo que se estableceron algunhas características comúns: </p> <ol><li>Os seres vivos requiren enerxía. É dicir, nútrense.</li> <li>Os seres vivos crecen e desenvólvense.</li> <li>Os seres vivos responden ó seu medio ambiente.</li> <li>Os seres vivos reprodúcense por si mesmos, sen necesitar axuda externa; sendo este un feito clave.</li></ol> <p>Estas características apuntaban a unha definición de vida tan simple que permitía incluír como seres vivos, por exemplo, aos cristais minerais, os cales crecen, responden ao medio, reprodúcense e por suposto consomen enerxía ao crecer e propagarse. Facíase necesario, pois, buscar outras características propias da vida máis aló das puramente intuitivas. </p><p>A definición universal de vida expúñase como algo bastante máis complexo e difícil. Ofrecíanse diferentes definicións, e era cuestión de gusto dar por boa unha ou outra. En calquera caso, o concepto de vida seguiu unha evolución paralela á da ciencia que se dedica ao seu estudo, a <a href="/wiki/Biolox%C3%ADa" title="Bioloxía">bioloxía</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="O_vivo">O vivo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Editar a sección: «O vivo»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit&section=10" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: O vivo"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>O vivo</b> é o estado característico da <a href="/wiki/Biomasa" title="Biomasa">biomasa</a>, manifestándose en forma de <a href="/wiki/Ser_vivo" title="Ser vivo">organismos</a> unicelulares ou pluricelulares. As propiedades comúns aos organismos coñecidos que se atopan na <a href="/wiki/Terra" title="Terra">Terra</a> (<a href="/wiki/Planta" title="Planta">plantas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal">animais</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fungo_(biolox%C3%ADa)" title="Fungo (bioloxía)">fungos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Protista" class="mw-redirect" title="Protista">protistas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archaea" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaea">archaea</a> e <a href="/wiki/Bacteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Bacteria">bacteria</a>), son que eles están baseados no <a href="/wiki/Carbono" title="Carbono">carbono</a> e a <a href="/wiki/Auga" title="Auga">auga</a>, son conxuntos celulares con organizacións complexas, capaces de manter e soster xunto co medio que lles rodea, o proceso homeostático que lles permite responder a estímulos, reproducirse e, a través de procesos de selección natural, adaptarse en xeracións sucesivas. </p><p>Na <a href="/wiki/Biolox%C3%ADa" title="Bioloxía">bioloxía</a>, considérase vivo o que teña as características: </p> <ul><li><b>Organización</b>: Formado por <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9lula" title="Célula">células</a>.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Reproduci%C3%B3n" title="Reprodución">Reprodución</a></b>: Capaz de xerar ou crear copias de si mesmo.</li> <li><b>Crecemento</b>: Capaz de aumentar no <a href="/wiki/N%C3%BAmero" title="Número">número</a> de <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9lula" title="Célula">células</a> que o compoñen ou no tamaño das mesmas.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Evoluci%C3%B3n_biol%C3%B3xica" class="mw-redirect" title="Evolución biolóxica">Evolución</a></b>: Capaz de modificar a súa estrutura e conduta co fin de adaptarse mellor ao medio no que se desenvolve.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Homeostase" title="Homeostase">Homeostase</a></b>: Utiliza <a href="/wiki/Enerx%C3%ADa" title="Enerxía">enerxía</a> para manter o equilibrio e a harmonía do medio interno constante.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Movemento" title="Movemento">Movemento</a></b>: Desprazamento <a href="/wiki/Mec%C3%A1nica" title="Mecánica">mecánico</a> dalgunha ou todas as súas partes compoñentes, Enténdese como movemento os <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropismo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tropismo (a páxina aínda non existe)">tropismos</a> das plantas, e mesmo ao desprazamento de distintas estruturas ao longo do <a href="/wiki/Citoplasma" title="Citoplasma">citoplasma</a>.</li></ul> <p>Unha entidade coas propiedades indicadas previamente é considerado un <a href="/wiki/Ser_vivo" title="Ser vivo">organismo</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_tres_funcións_básicas_de_todos_os_seres_vivos"><span id="As_tres_funci.C3.B3ns_b.C3.A1sicas_de_todos_os_seres_vivos"></span>As tres funcións básicas de todos os seres vivos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Editar a sección: «As tres funcións básicas de todos os seres vivos»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit&section=11" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: As tres funcións básicas de todos os seres vivos"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Todos os seres vivos sobre a face da Terra realizan tres funcións básicas, <a href="/wiki/Interacci%C3%B3n_biol%C3%B3xica" title="Interacción biolóxica">relación</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nutrici%C3%B3n" title="Nutrición">nutrición</a> e <a href="/wiki/Reproduci%C3%B3n" title="Reprodución">reprodución</a>. Exclúese desta definición aos <a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Virus">virus</a> pois non son capaces de realizar as tres, unicamente relaciónanse, no entanto, realizan todas unha vez que infectan á célula obxectivo e son capaces de manipular a súa maquinaria celular. Outros procesos chave que deben realizar todos os organismos vivos son: O metabolismo, ter unha membrana celular e realizar a duplicación xenética, para poder sobrevivir no ambiente que os rodea. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Que_non_é_vida"><span id="Que_non_.C3.A9_vida"></span>Que non é vida</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Editar a sección: «Que non é vida»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit&section=12" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Que non é vida"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Non é vida calquera estrutura do tipo que sexa (aínda que conteña <a href="/wiki/%C3%81cido_desoxirribonucleico" title="Ácido desoxirribonucleico">ADN</a> ou <a href="/wiki/%C3%81cido_ribonucleico" title="Ácido ribonucleico">ARN</a>) incapaz de establecer un equilibrio homeostático (<a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Virus">virus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Viri%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Virión">virións</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pri%C3%B3n" title="Prión">prións</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cancro" title="Cancro">células canceríxenas</a> ou calquera outra forma de reprodución) e incapaz de manifestar unha forma estable retroalimentaria sustentable co medio, e provoque o colapso termodinámico. </p><p>Pódese concluír que unha célula está viva, cando posúe un <a href="/wiki/Homeostase" title="Homeostase">sistema de regulación homeostática</a> relativa a ela mesma, pero se non conta co devandito sistema, a célula é un parasito incapaz de sustentar e ostentar vida por si mesma, polo tanto non forma parte dun organismo vivo, consome recursos e pon en perigo a sostibilidade do medio no cal se manifesta. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vida_na_Terra">Vida na Terra</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Editar a sección: «Vida na Terra»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit&section=13" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Vida na Terra"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A existencia de vida, e concretamente a vida terrestre, pode definirse con máis especificidade indicando, entre outras cousas, que os seres vivos son sistemas químicos cuxo fundamento son cadeas de átomos de <a href="/wiki/Carbono" title="Carbono">carbono</a> ricas en <a href="/wiki/Hidr%C3%B3xeno" title="Hidróxeno">hidróxeno</a> que se distribúen en compartimentos cheos de disolucións <a href="/wiki/Auga" title="Auga">acuosas</a> e separados por membranas funcionalmente asimétricas cuxa zona interior é hidrófoba; eses compartimentos constitúen <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9lulas" class="mw-redirect" title="Células">células</a> ou forman parte delas, as cales se orixinan por división de células anteriores, e permítese así o <a href="/wiki/Ontoxenia" title="Ontoxenia">crecemento</a> e tamén a <a href="/wiki/Reproduci%C3%B3n" title="Reprodución">reprodución</a> dos <a href="/wiki/Individuo" title="Individuo">individuos</a>. Os sistemas vivos non forman un sistema continuo, pechado e hermético, senón unha multitude de sistemas discretos, que chamamos <a href="/wiki/Ser_vivo" title="Ser vivo">organismos</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Orixe_da_vida">Orixe da vida</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Editar a sección: «Orixe da vida»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit&section=14" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Orixe da vida"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="detail principal"> <dl><dd><span><span><i>Artigo principal</i><i>:</i> <a href="/wiki/Orixe_da_vida" class="mw-redirect" title="Orixe da vida">Orixe da vida</a>.</span></span></dd></dl></div> <div id="Container" class="toccolours" style="text-align: left; padding:0.5em 0 0 0; border-style:solid; float:right;clear:right; padding:0 0.5em; margin:0.3em 0 0.8em 1.4em; overflow: hidden;"><div id="Title" style="background-color:#77bb77; font-weight:bold; padding:0.2em; text-align:center; margin:0.6em 0 1.2em 0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li%C3%B1a_do_tempo_da_vida_na_Terra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liña do tempo da vida na Terra (a páxina aínda non existe)">Liña do tempo da vida na Terra</a></div><div id="Contains-Timeline-Scale-Notes"><div style="text-align:right; position:relative; top:-1em;"><small><a href="/wiki/Modelo:Li%C3%B1a_de_tempo_gr%C3%A1fica_da_vida" title="Modelo:Liña de tempo gráfica da vida"><span style="color:#002bb8;" title="Ver esta liña do tempo na páxina de seu">ver</span></a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Conversa_modelo:Li%C3%B1a_de_tempo_gr%C3%A1fica_da_vida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conversa modelo:Liña de tempo gráfica da vida (a páxina aínda non existe)"><span style="color:#002bb8;" title="Conversa sobre este modelo">conversa</span></a> • <span class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="color:#002bb8;" title="Podes editar esta liña do tempo. Por favor, usa a vista previa antes de gardar."><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Modelo:Li%C3%B1a_de_tempo_gr%C3%A1fica_da_vida&action=edit">editar</a></span></span></small></div><div id="Scale" style="width:3.1em; position:relative; top:-0.82em; float:left; height:36em; padding:0px"><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:35.217391304348em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-4500 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:33.260869565217em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:31.304347826087em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-4000 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:29.347826086957em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:27.391304347826em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-3500 —</span></div><div style="float:right; 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position:absolute; right:-1px; top:11.739130434783em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-1500 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:9.7826086956522em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:7.8260869565217em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-1000 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:5.8695652173913em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:3.9130434782609em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-500 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:1.9565217391304em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:0em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">0 —</span></div></div><div id="ScaleBar" style="width:1px; float:left; height:36em; padding:0; background-color:#242020"></div><div id="Timeline" class="toccolours" style="font-size:100%; width:100%; height:36em; padding:0px; float:left; width:10em; border:none; background-color:#e5cc7f;"><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#99ccff; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:34.434782608696em; margin-left:0.1em; width:9.9em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:12.64em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-17.217391304348em;"></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#b3d9ff; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:32.086956521739em; margin-left:0.1em; width:9.9em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:12.64em; left:0.4em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-16.04347826087em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Organismo_unicelular" title="Organismo unicelular">Vida simple</a></b></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; 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background-color:#d9ffb3; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:15.652173913043em; margin-left:1.4em; width:8.6em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:0.24em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-7.8260869565217em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Organismo_multicelular" class="mw-redirect" title="Organismo multicelular">Vida multicelular<br />complexa</a></b></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#cc9900; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:4.695652173913em; margin-left:2em; width:8em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-2.3478260869565em;"></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:4.304347826087em; margin-left:1.5em; width:8.5em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:0.99em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-2.1521739130435em;"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Animais_terrestres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Animais terrestres (a páxina aínda non existe)"><span style="color:white;">Animais terr.</span></a></b></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:3.7173913043478em; margin-left:2em; width:8em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:0.34em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-1.8586956521739em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Plantas_terrestres" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantas terrestres"><span style="color:white;">Plantas e</span></a></b></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#e6b800; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0.51260869565217em; height:1.8352173913043em; margin-left:2.5em; width:7.5em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.36em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-0.91760869565217em;"><small>"<b><a href="/wiki/Dinosauro" title="Dinosauro">Dinosauros</a></b>"</small></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#ffcc00; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:1.5652173913043em; margin-left:3em; width:7em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.46em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-0.78260869565217em;"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Mam%C3%ADferos" title="Mamíferos">Mamíferos</a></b></small></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#ffff00; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:1.0173913043478em; margin-left:3.67em; width:6.33em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-0.50869565217391em;"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Anxiospermas" title="Anxiospermas">Flores</a></b></small></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:blue; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:0.015652173913043em; margin-left:4.5em; width:5.5em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-0.0078260869565217em;"> </span></div></div></div><div id="Annotations" style="float:left; position:relative; width:8.25em"><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:35.749565217391em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><span style="color:black;">←</span></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="line-height:9pt"><a href="/wiki/Idade_da_Terra" title="Idade da Terra">Primeira Terra (-4540)</a></div></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:34.434782608696em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><span style="color:black;">←</span></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="line-height:9pt"><a href="/wiki/Orixe_da_auga_na_Terra" title="Orixe da auga na Terra">Primeira auga</a></div></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:32.086956521739em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><span style="color:black;">←</span></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="line-height:9pt"><a href="/wiki/Abiox%C3%A9nese" title="Abioxénese">Primeira vida (-4100)</a></div></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:29.739130434783em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><span style="color:black;">←</span></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="line-height:9pt"><small><a href="/wiki/Bombardeo_intenso_tard%C3%ADo" title="Bombardeo intenso tardío">Bombardeo meteorítico</a></small></div></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:27.391304347826em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><span style="color:black;">←</span></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="line-height:9pt"><a href="/wiki/Ox%C3%ADxeno_(elemento)" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxíxeno (elemento)">Primeiro oxíxeno</a></div></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:19.565217391304em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><span style="color:black;">←</span></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="line-height:9pt"><small><a href="/wiki/Historia_xeol%C3%B3xica_do_ox%C3%ADxeno" title="Historia xeolóxica do oxíxeno">Oxíxeno atmosférico</a></small></div></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><span style="color:black;">←</span></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="line-height:9pt"><small><a href="/wiki/Evento_da_grande_oxixenaci%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Evento da grande oxixenación">Gran evento de O<sub>2</sub></a></small></div></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:9.3913043478261em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><span style="color:black;">←</span></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="line-height:9pt"><a href="/wiki/Evoluci%C3%B3n_da_reproduci%C3%B3n_sexual" title="Evolución da reprodución sexual">Primeiras reproducións sexuais</a></div></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:4.9304347826087em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><span style="color:black;">←</span></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="line-height:9pt"><small><a href="/wiki/Biota_de_Ediacara" class="mw-redirect" title="Biota de Ediacara">Biota de Ediacara</a></small></div></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:4.1478260869565em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><span style="color:black;">←</span></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="line-height:9pt"><small><a href="/wiki/Explosi%C3%B3n_c%C3%A1mbrica" title="Explosión cámbrica">Explos. cámbrica</a></small></div></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0.0078260869565217em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><span style="color:black;">←</span></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="line-height:9pt"><a href="/wiki/Humano" class="mw-redirect" title="Humano">Primeiros humanos</a></div></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0.70434782608696em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-13em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:80%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><span style="display:block; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Fanerozoico" title="Fanerozoico">F<br />a<br />n<br />e<br />r<br />z<br />c</a></span></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:4.9382608695652em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-13em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:80%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><span style="display:block; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Proterozoico" title="Proterozoico"><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />P<br />r<br />o<br />t<br />e<br />r<br />o<br />z<br />o<br />i<br />c<br />o</a></span></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:20.269565217391em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-13em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:80%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><span style="display:block; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Arcaico" title="Arcaico"><br /><br /><br />A<br />r<br />c<br />a<br />i<br />c<br />o</a></span></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:32.008695652174em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-13em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:80%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><span style="display:block; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A1dico" class="mw-redirect" title="Hádico">H<br />á<br />d<br />i<br />c<br />o</a></span></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; 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text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div></div></div><div id="Legend" class="toccolours" style="margin-left:3.1em; border-style:none; float:left; clear:both;"></div><div id="Caption" class="toccolours" style="margin:0 0.5em; float:left; padding:0 auto; border-style:none; clear:both; text-align:center; width:20.5em">Escala do eixe: millóns de anos.</div></div> <p>Non existe aínda ningún modelo consensual para a orixe da vida, mais a maioría dos modelos actualmente aceptados baséanse dunha forma ou doutra nas seguintes descubertas: </p> <ol><li>Condicións prebióticas plausíbeis resultan na creación das moléculas orgánicas máis simple, como o demostrado pola <a href="/w/index.php?title=Experiencia_de_Urey-Miller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Experiencia de Urey-Miller (a páxina aínda non existe)">experiencia de Urey-Miller</a>.</li> <li>Os <a href="/wiki/Fosfol%C3%ADpido" title="Fosfolípido">fosfolípidos</a> fórmanse espontaneamente <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dupla_capa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dupla capa (a páxina aínda non existe)">duplas capas</a> <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADpido" title="Lípido">lípidas</a>, a estrutura básica da <a href="/wiki/Parede_celular" title="Parede celular">membrana celular</a>.</li> <li>Procesos para a produción aleatoria de moléculas de <a href="/wiki/%C3%81cido_desoxirribonucleico" title="Ácido desoxirribonucleico">ARN</a> poden producir <a href="/wiki/Ribozima" title="Ribozima">ribozimas</a> capaces de se replicaren baixo determinadas condicións.</li></ol> <p>Existen moitas hipóteses diferentes no que respecta ao camiño percorrido das moléculas orgánicas simple ás <a href="/wiki/Protoc%C3%A9lula" title="Protocélula">protocélulas</a> e ao <a href="/wiki/Metabolismo" title="Metabolismo">metabolismo</a>. A maioría das posibilidades tenden quer para a <i>primacía dos xenes</i> quer para a <i>primacía do metabolismo</i>; unha tendencia recente avanza modelos híbridos que combinan aspectos de ambas as abordaxes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="A_posibilidade_de_vida_extraterrestre">A posibilidade de vida extraterrestre</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Editar a sección: «A posibilidade de vida extraterrestre»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit&section=15" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: A posibilidade de vida extraterrestre"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="detail principal"> <dl><dd><span><span><i>Artigo principal</i><i>:</i> <a href="/wiki/Vida_extraterrestre" title="Vida extraterrestre">Vida extraterrestre</a>.</span></span></dd></dl></div> <div class="detail principal"> <dl><dd><span><span><i>Artigo principal</i><i>:</i> <a href="/wiki/Astrobiolox%C3%ADa" title="Astrobioloxía">Astrobioloxía</a>.</span></span></dd></dl></div> <p>Ata á data, a <a href="/wiki/Terra" title="Terra">Terra</a> é o único <a href="/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta">planeta</a> do <a href="/wiki/Universo" title="Universo">universo</a> coñecido que sustenta vida. A cuestión da existencia da vida noutros lugares do universo permanece aberta, pero análises como a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ecuaci%C3%B3n_de_Drake&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ecuación de Drake (a páxina aínda non existe)">ecuación de Drake</a> foron usadas para estimar a probabilidade dela para existir. Das innumerabéiss reivindicacións de descuberta de vida noutros lugares do universo, ningunha sobreviviu ao escrutinio científico. </p><p>O máis próximo que a ciencia moderna chegou a descubrir de vida extraterrestre é a proba fósil de posíbel vida <a href="/wiki/Bacteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Bacteria">bacteriana</a> en <a href="/wiki/Marte" title="Marte">Marte</a> (por vía do <a href="/wiki/Meteorito" title="Meteorito">meteorito</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=ALL84001&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ALL84001 (a páxina aínda non existe)">ALL84001</a>). A procura de vida extraterrestre céntrase hoxe en día en planetas e <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BAa" title="Lúa">lúas</a> que se cre posúen ou posuíron auga no estado líquido. Datos recentes dos vehículos da NASA <i><a href="/wiki/Spirit" class="mw-disambig" title="Spirit">Spirit</a></i> e <i><a href="/wiki/Opportunity" title="Opportunity">Opportunity</a></i> parecen apoiar a teoría de que Marte tivo no pasado auga na superficie (ver <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida_en_Marte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vida en Marte (a páxina aínda non existe)">Vida en Marte</a></i> para máis detalles). As lúas de <a href="/wiki/X%C3%BApiter" title="Xúpiter">Xúpiter</a> son tamén consideradas boas candidatas para albergaren vida extraterrestre, especialmente <a href="/wiki/Europa_(sat%C3%A9lite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Europa (satélite)">Europa</a>, que parece ter <a href="/wiki/Oc%C3%A9ano" title="Océano">océanos</a> de auga líquida. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notas">Notas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Editar a sección: «Notas»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit&section=16" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Notas"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> A "evolución" e clasificación dos virus e outras formas similares son aínda incertas. Por tanto, esta lista pode ser <a href="/wiki/Parafil%C3%A9tico" title="Parafilético">parafilética</a> se a vida celular evolucionou a partir de vida non celular ou <a href="/wiki/Polifil%C3%A9tico" title="Polifilético">polifilética</a> se non se incluíu o devanceiro común máis recente.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Os <a href="/wiki/Pri%C3%B3n" title="Prión">prións</a>, moléculas proteínicas infecciosas, non se consideran organismos vivos, pero poden describirse como "estruturas orgánicas comparables a organismos".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Certas estruturas orgánicas comparables a organismos específicos poden considerarse <a href="/wiki/Clasificaci%C3%B3n_dos_virus#Axentes_subvirais" title="Clasificación dos virus">axentes subvirais</a>, incluídas entidades dependentes de virus: <a href="/wiki/Sat%C3%A9lite_(virolox%C3%ADa)" title="Satélite (viroloxía)">satélites</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Part%C3%ADcula_defectiva_interferente&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Partícula defectiva interferente (a páxina aínda non existe)">partícula interferente defectuosa</a>, ambas as das cales requiren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus_auxiliar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virus auxiliar (a páxina aínda non existe)">outro virus</a> para replicarse .</span> </li> </ol></div> <dl><dt>Referencias</dt></dl> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-rag-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-rag_4-0">1,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-rag_4-1">1,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Definicións no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://academia.gal/dicionario/-/termo/vida"><i>Dicionario da Real Academia Galega</i></a> e no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://portaldaspalabras.gal/dicionario/procura/vida">Portal das Palabras</a> para <i>vida</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NAT-20170301-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-NAT-20170301_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Dodd, Matthew S.; Papineau, Dominic; Grenne, Tor; Slack, John F.; Rittner, Martin; Pirajno, Franco; O'Neil, Jonathan; Little, Crispin T.S. (1 de março de 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170908201821/http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/112179/">"Evidence for early life in Earth's oldest hydrothermal vent precipitates"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Nature" title="Nature">Nature</a></i> <b>543</b>. pp. 60–64. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017Natur.543...60D">2017Natur.543...60D</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28252057">28252057</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature21377">10.1038/nature21377</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/112179/">o orixinal</a> o 8 de setembro de 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 23 de abril do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+early+life+in+Earth%27s+oldest+hydrothermal+vent+precipitates&rft.au=Grenne%2C+Tor&rft.au=Little%2C+Crispin+T.S.&rft.au=O%27Neil%2C+Jonathan&rft.au=Papineau%2C+Dominic&rft.au=Pirajno%2C+Franco&rft.au=Rittner%2C+Martin&rft.au=Slack%2C+John+F.&rft.aufirst=Matthew+S.&rft.aulast=Dodd&rft.chron=1+de+mar%C3%A7o+de+2017&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.pages=60-64&rft.volume=543&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feprints.whiterose.ac.uk%2F112179%2F&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2017Natur.543...60D&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnature21377&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28252057&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-20170301-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-20170301_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carl_Zimmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carl Zimmer (a páxina aínda non existe)">Zimmer, Carl</a> (1 de março de 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170302042424/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/01/science/earths-oldest-bacteria-fossils.html">"Scientists Say Canadian Bacteria Fossils May Be Earth's Oldest"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/01/science/earths-oldest-bacteria-fossils.html">o orixinal</a> o 2 de março de 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 23 de abril do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Scientists+Say+Canadian+Bacteria+Fossils+May+Be+Earth%27s+Oldest&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.aulast=Zimmer&rft.chron=1+de+mar%C3%A7o+de+2017&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F03%2F01%2Fscience%2Fearths-oldest-bacteria-fossils.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC-20170301-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-BBC-20170301_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Ghosh, Pallab (1 de março de 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170302002134/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-39117523">"Earliest evidence of life on Earth 'found"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=BBC_News&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BBC News (a páxina aínda non existe)">BBC News</a></i>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-39117523">o orixinal</a> o 2 de março de 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 23 de abril do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Earliest+evidence+of+life+on+Earth+%27found&rft.aufirst=Pallab&rft.aulast=Ghosh&rft.chron=1+de+mar%C3%A7o+de+2017&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fscience-environment-39117523&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4.3b_oldest-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4.3b_oldest_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Dunham, Will (1 de março de 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170302114728/http://ca.reuters.com/article/topNews/idCAKBN16858B?sp=true">"Canadian bacteria-like fossils called oldest evidence of life"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ca.reuters.com/article/topNews/idCAKBN16858B?sp=true">o orixinal</a> o 2 de março de 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 23 de abril do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Canadian+bacteria-like+fossils+called+oldest+evidence+of+life&rft.aufirst=Will&rft.aulast=Dunham&rft.chron=1+de+mar%C3%A7o+de+2017&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fca.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FtopNews%2FidCAKBN16858B%3Fsp%3Dtrue&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WU-20171218-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-WU-20171218_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Tyrell, Kelly April (18 de dezembro de 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210331100351/https://news.wisc.edu/oldest-fossils-found-show-life-began-before-3-5-billion-years-ago/">"Oldest fossils ever found show life on Earth began before 3.5 billion years ago"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison (a páxina aínda non existe)">University of Wisconsin–Madison</a></i>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.wisc.edu/oldest-fossils-ever-found-show-life-on-earth-began-before-3-5-billion-years-ago/">o orixinal</a> o 31 de março de 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 23 de abril do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Oldest+fossils+ever+found+show+life+on+Earth+began+before+3.5+billion+years+ago&rft.aufirst=Kelly+April&rft.aulast=Tyrell&rft.chron=18+de+dezembro+de+2017&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+Wisconsin%93Madison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.wisc.edu%2Foldest-fossils-ever-found-show-life-on-earth-began-before-3-5-billion-years-ago%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PNAS-2017-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PNAS-2017_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Schopf, J. William; Kitajima, Kouki; Spicuzza, Michael J.; Kudryavtsev, Anatolly B.; Valley, John W. (2018). "SIMS analyses of the oldest known assemblage of microfossils document their taxon-correlated carbon isotope compositions". <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proceedings_of_the_National_Academy_of_Sciences_of_the_United_States_of_America&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (a páxina aínda non existe)">PNAS</a></i> <b>115</b>. pp. 53–58. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018PNAS..115...53S">2018PNAS..115...53S</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5776830">5776830</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29255053">29255053</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.1718063115">10.1073/pnas.1718063115</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=SIMS+analyses+of+the+oldest+known+assemblage+of+microfossils+document+their+taxon-correlated+carbon+isotope+compositions&rft.au=Kitajima%2C+Kouki&rft.au=Kudryavtsev%2C+Anatolly+B.&rft.au=Spicuzza%2C+Michael+J.&rft.au=Valley%2C+John+W.&rft.aufirst=J.+William&rft.aulast=Schopf&rft.date=2018&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PNAS&rft.pages=53-58&rft.volume=115&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5776830&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2018PNAS..115...53S&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.1718063115&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29255053&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Robertson2012-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Robertson2012_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Robertson, Michael P.; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerald_Joyce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerald Joyce (a páxina aínda non existe)">Joyce, Gerald F.</a> (Maio de 2012). "The origins of the RNA world". <i>Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology</i> <b>4</b>. p. a003608. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3331698">3331698</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20739415">20739415</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1101%2Fcshperspect.a003608">10.1101/cshperspect.a003608</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=The+origins+of+the+RNA+world&rft.au=Joyce%2C+Gerald+F.&rft.aufirst=Michael+P.&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.chron=Maio+de+2012&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cold+Spring+Harbor+Perspectives+in+Biology&rft.pages=a003608&rft.volume=4&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3331698&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1101%2Fcshperspect.a003608&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20739415&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cech2012-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Cech2012_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech">Cech, Thomas R.</a> (Julho de 2012). "The RNA Worlds in Context". <i>Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology</i> <b>4</b>. p. a006742. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3385955">3385955</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21441585">21441585</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1101%2Fcshperspect.a006742">10.1101/cshperspect.a006742</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=The+RNA+Worlds+in+Context&rft.aufirst=Thomas+R.&rft.aulast=Cech&rft.chron=Julho+de+2012&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cold+Spring+Harbor+Perspectives+in+Biology&rft.pages=a006742&rft.volume=4&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3385955&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1101%2Fcshperspect.a006742&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21441585&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ehrenfreund2010-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Ehrenfreund2010_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Ehrenfreund, Pascale; Cami, Jan (Dezembro de 2010). "Cosmic carbon chemistry: from the interstellar medium to the early Earth.". <i>Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology</i> <b>2</b>. p. a002097. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2982172">2982172</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20554702">20554702</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1101%2Fcshperspect.a002097">10.1101/cshperspect.a002097</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Cosmic+carbon+chemistry%3A+from+the+interstellar+medium+to+the+early+Earth.&rft.au=Cami%2C+Jan&rft.aufirst=Pascale&rft.aulast=Ehrenfreund&rft.chron=Dezembro+de+2010&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cold+Spring+Harbor+Perspectives+in+Biology&rft.pages=a002097&rft.volume=2&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2982172&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1101%2Fcshperspect.a002097&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20554702&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Science_2015-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Science_2015_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Perkins, Sid (8 de abril de 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.sciencemag.org/chemistry/2015/04/organic-molecules-found-circling-nearby-star?rss=1">"Organic molecules found circling nearby star"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Science" title="Science">Science</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.aab2455">10.1126/science.aab2455</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 23 de abril do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Organic+molecules+found+circling+nearby+star&rft.aufirst=Sid&rft.aulast=Perkins&rft.chron=8+de+abril+de+2015&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.sciencemag.org%2Fchemistry%2F2015%2F04%2Forganic-molecules-found-circling-nearby-star%3Frss%3D1&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.aab2455&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">King, Anthony (14 de abril de 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150417142723/http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/2015/04/meteorites-may-have-delivered-chemicals-started-life-earth">"Chemicals formed on meteorites may have started life on Earth"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Society_of_Chemistry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Royal Society of Chemistry (a páxina aínda non existe)">Royal Society of Chemistry</a></i> (News) (Londres). Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/2015/04/meteorites-may-have-delivered-chemicals-started-life-earth">o orixinal</a> o 17 de abril de 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 23 de abril do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Chemicals+formed+on+meteorites+may+have+started+life+on+Earth&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.aulast=King&rft.chron=14+de+abril+de+2015&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Royal+Society+of+Chemistry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rsc.org%2Fchemistryworld%2F2015%2F04%2Fmeteorites-may-have-delivered-chemicals-started-life-earth&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|páxina-web=</code> e <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|xornal=</code> redundantes (<a href="/wiki/Axuda:Erros_nas_referencias#redundant_parameters" title="Axuda:Erros nas referencias">Axuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Saladino, Raffaele; Carota, Eleonora; Botta, Giorgia; et al. (13 de abril de 2015). "Meteorite-catalyzed syntheses of nucleosides and of other prebiotic compounds from formamide under proton irradiation". <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proceedings_of_the_National_Academy_of_Sciences_of_the_United_States_of_America&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (a páxina aínda non existe)">Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.</a></i> <b>112</b>. pp. E2746–E2755. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015PNAS..112E2746S">2015PNAS..112E2746S</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4450408">4450408</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25870268">25870268</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.1422225112">10.1073/pnas.1422225112</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Meteorite-catalyzed+syntheses+of+nucleosides+and+of+other+prebiotic+compounds+from+formamide+under+proton+irradiation&rft.au=Botta%2C+Giorgia&rft.au=Carota%2C+Eleonora&rft.au=Di+Mauro%2C+Ernesto&rft.au=Kapralov%2C+Mikhail&rft.au=Krasavin%2C+Eugene&rft.au=Rozanov%2C+Alexei+Y.&rft.au=Timoshenko%2C+Gennady+N.&rft.aufirst=Raffaele&rft.aulast=Saladino&rft.chron=13+de+abril+de+2015&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proc.+Natl.+Acad.+Sci.+U.S.A.&rft.pages=E2746-E2755&rft.volume=112&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4450408&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2015PNAS..112E2746S&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.1422225112&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F25870268&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">LibreTexts, ed. (2 de xuño de 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200329060227/https://med.libretexts.org/Courses/American_Public_University/APUS:_An_Introduction_to_Nutrition_(Byerley)/Text/03:_Nutrition_and_the_Human_Body/2.2:_The_Basic_Structural_and_Functional_Unit_of_Life:_The_Cell">"2.2: The Basic Structural and Functional Unit of Life: The Cell"</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://med.libretexts.org/Courses/American_Public_University/APUS%3A_An_Introduction_to_Nutrition_(Byerley)/Text/03%3A_Nutrition_and_the_Human_Body/2.2%3A_The_Basic_Structural_and_Functional_Unit_of_Life%3A_The_Cell">o orixinal</a> o 29 de marzo de 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 2 de xuño do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.btitle=2.2%3A+The+Basic+Structural+and+Functional+Unit+of+Life%3A+The+Cell&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmed.libretexts.org%2FCourses%2FAmerican_Public_University%2FAPUS%253A_An_Introduction_to_Nutrition_%28Byerley%29%2FText%2F03%253A_Nutrition_and_the_Human_Body%2F2.2%253A_The_Basic_Structural_and_Functional_Unit_of_Life%253A_The_Cell&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Bose, Debopriya (14 de maio de 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200329060221/https://sciencing.com/six-main-cell-functions-6891800.html">"Six Main Cell Functions"</a>. <i>Leaf Group Ltd./Leaf Group Media</i>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sciencing.com/six-main-cell-functions-6891800.html">o orixinal</a> o 2 de xuño do 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 2 de xuño do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Six+Main+Cell+Functions&rft.aufirst=Debopriya&rft.aulast=Bose&rft.chron=14+de+maio+de+2019&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Leaf+Group+Ltd.%2FLeaf+Group+Media&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsciencing.com%2Fsix-main-cell-functions-6891800.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Milsom, Clare; Rigby, Sue (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=OdrCdxr7QdgC&pg=PA134"><i>Fossils at a Glance</i></a> (2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. p. 134. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/1405193360" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/1405193360">1405193360</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.au=Rigby%2C+Sue&rft.aufirst=Clare&rft.aulast=Milsom&rft.btitle=Fossils+at+a+Glance&rft.date=2009&rft.edition=2nd&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1405193360&rft.pages=134&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOdrCdxr7QdgC%26pg%3DPA134&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/exhibits/historyoflife.php">History of Life</a>. Universidade de Berkeley.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NS-20080702-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-NS-20080702_21-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">(en inglés) <cite class="citation web">Courtland, Rachel (2 de xullo de 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn14245-did-newborn-earth-harbour-life.html">"Did newborn Earth harbour life?"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Scientist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New Scientist (a páxina aínda non existe)">New Scientist</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 27 de setembro de 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Did+newborn+Earth+harbour+life%3F&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft.aulast=Courtland&rft.chron=2+de+xullo+de+2008&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Scientist&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newscientist.com%2Farticle%2Fdn14245-did-newborn-earth-harbour-life.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RN-20090520-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-RN-20090520_22-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">(en inglés) <cite class="citation web">Steenhuysen, Julie (20 de maio de 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151016005046/http://www.reuters.com/article/2009/05/20/us-asteroids-idUSTRE54J5PX20090520">"Study turns back clock on origins of life on Earth"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2009/05/20/us-asteroids-idUSTRE54J5PX20090520">o orixinal</a> o 16 de outubro de 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 27 de setembro de 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Study+turns+back+clock+on+origins+of+life+on+Earth&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft.aulast=Steenhuysen&rft.chron=20+de+maio+de+2009&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2009%2F05%2F20%2Fus-asteroids-idUSTRE54J5PX20090520&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Margulis" title="Lynn Margulis">Lynn Margulis</a>, <i>Captando genomas. Una teoría sobre el origen de las especies</i>. Editorial Kairós.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Definitions_2009-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Definitions_2009_24-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Tsokolov, Serhiy A. (maio de 2009). "Why Is the Definition of Life So Elusive? Epistemological Considerations". <i>Astrobiology</i> <b>9</b>. pp. 401–12. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009AsBio...9..401T">2009AsBio...9..401T</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19519215">19519215</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1089%2Fast.2007.0201">10.1089/ast.2007.0201</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Why+Is+the+Definition+of+Life+So+Elusive%3F+Epistemological+Considerations&rft.aufirst=Serhiy+A.&rft.aulast=Tsokolov&rft.chron=maio+de+2009&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astrobiology&rft.pages=401-12&rft.volume=9&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2009AsBio...9..401T&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1089%2Fast.2007.0201&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19519215&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Emmeche1997-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Emmeche1997_25-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Emmeche, Claus (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120314095044/http://www.nbi.dk/~emmeche/cePubl/97e.defLife.v3f.html">"Defining Life, Explaining Emergence"</a>. <i>Niels Bohr Institute</i>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nbi.dk/~emmeche/cePubl/97e.defLife.v3f.html">o orixinal</a> o 14 de marzo de 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 13 de xuño do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Defining+Life%2C+Explaining+Emergence&rft.aufirst=Claus&rft.aulast=Emmeche&rft.date=1997&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Niels+Bohr+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbi.dk%2F~emmeche%2FcePubl%2F97e.defLife.v3f.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McKay-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-McKay_26-0">23,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-McKay_26-1">23,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">McKay, Chris P. (14 de setembro de 2004). "What Is Life—and How Do We Search for It in Other Worlds?". <i>PLOS Biology</i> <b>2</b>. p. 302. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC516796">516796</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15367939">15367939</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0020302">10.1371/journal.pbio.0020302</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=What+Is+Life%94and+How+Do+We+Search+for+It+in+Other+Worlds%3F&rft.aufirst=Chris+P.&rft.aulast=McKay&rft.chron=14+de+setembro+de+2004&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+Biology&rft.pages=302&rft.volume=2&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC516796&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0020302&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15367939&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="gl" dir="ltr">Erro no código da cita: Etiqueta <code><ref></code> non válida; o nome "McKay" está definido varias veces con contidos diferentes</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DefinitionMotivation-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-DefinitionMotivation_27-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Mautner, Michael N. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121102064738/http://www.astro-ecology.com/PDFDirectedPanspermia3JBIS1997Paper.pdf">"Directed panspermia. 3. Strategies and motivation for seeding star-forming clouds"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of the British Interplanetary Society</i> <b>50</b>. pp. 93–102. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997JBIS...50...93M">1997JBIS...50...93M</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astro-ecology.com/PDFDirectedPanspermia3JBIS1997Paper.pdf">o orixinal</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> o 2 de novembro de 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Directed+panspermia.+3.+Strategies+and+motivation+for+seeding+star-forming+clouds&rft.aufirst=Michael+N.&rft.aulast=Mautner&rft.date=1997&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+British+Interplanetary+Society&rft.pages=93-102&rft.volume=50&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.astro-ecology.com%2FPDFDirectedPanspermia3JBIS1997Paper.pdf&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1997JBIS...50...93M&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SeedingBook-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-SeedingBook_28-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Mautner, Michael N. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121102064713/http://www.astro-ecology.com/PDFSeedingtheUniverse2005Book.pdf"><i>Seeding the Universe with Life: Securing Our Cosmological Future</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Washington D.C. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/978-0-476-00330-9" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/978-0-476-00330-9">978-0-476-00330-9</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astro-ecology.com/PDFSeedingtheUniverse2005Book.pdf">o orixinal</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> o 2 de novembro de 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.aufirst=Michael+N.&rft.aulast=Mautner&rft.btitle=Seeding+the+Universe+with+Life%3A+Securing+Our+Cosmological+Future&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-476-00330-9&rft.place=Washington+D.C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.astro-ecology.com%2FPDFSeedingtheUniverse2005Book.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">McKay, Chris (18 de setembro de 2014). "What is life? It's a Tricky, Often Confusing Question". <i>Astrobiology Magazine</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=What+is+life%3F+It%27s+a+Tricky%2C+Often+Confusing+Question&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.aulast=McKay&rft.chron=18+de+setembro+de+2014&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astrobiology+Magazine&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Nealson, K.H.; Conrad, P.G. (decembro de 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20160103000925/https://royalsociety.org/journals/">"Life: past, present and future"</a>. <i>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B</i> <b>354</b>. pp. 1923–39. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1692713">1692713</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10670014">10670014</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1098%2Frstb.1999.0532">10.1098/rstb.1999.0532</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1692713/">o orixinal</a> o 3 de xaneiro de 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Life%3A+past%2C+present+and+future&rft.au=Conrad%2C+P.G.&rft.aufirst=K.H.&rft.aulast=Nealson&rft.chron=decembro+de+1999&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philosophical+Transactions+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London+B&rft.pages=1923-39&rft.volume=354&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1692713&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1692713%2F&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frstb.1999.0532&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10670014&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bioethics-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Bioethics_31-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Mautner, Michael N. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121102064743/http://www.astro-ecology.com/PDFLifeCenteredBioethics2009Paper.pdf">"Life-centered ethics, and the human future in space"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Bioethics</i> <b>23</b>. pp. 433–40. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19077128">19077128</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-8519.2008.00688.x">10.1111/j.1467-8519.2008.00688.x</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astro-ecology.com/PDFLifeCenteredBioethics2009Paper.pdf">o orixinal</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> o 2 de novembro de 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Life-centered+ethics%2C+and+the+human+future+in+space&rft.aufirst=Michael+N.&rft.aulast=Mautner&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioethics&rft.pages=433-40&rft.volume=23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.astro-ecology.com%2FPDFLifeCenteredBioethics2009Paper.pdf&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1467-8519.2008.00688.x&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19077128&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jeuken1975-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Jeuken1975_32-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Jeuken M (1975). "The biological and philosophical defitions of life". <i>Acta Biotheoretica</i> <b>24</b>. pp. 14–21. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/811024">811024</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2FBF01556737">10.1007/BF01556737</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=The+biological+and+philosophical+defitions+of+life&rft.au=Jeuken+M&rft.date=1975&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Biotheoretica&rft.pages=14-21&rft.volume=24&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF01556737&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F811024&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Capron1978-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Capron1978_33-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Capron AM (1978). "Legal definition of death". <i>Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences</i> <b>315</b>. pp. 349–62. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1978NYASA.315..349C">1978NYASA.315..349C</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/284746">284746</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1749-6632.1978.tb50352.x">10.1111/j.1749-6632.1978.tb50352.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Legal+definition+of+death&rft.au=Capron+AM&rft.date=1978&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.pages=349-62&rft.volume=315&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1978NYASA.315..349C&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1749-6632.1978.tb50352.x&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F284746&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JBSD-20110317-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-JBSD-20110317_34-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Trifonov, Edward N. (17 de marzo de 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210203060945/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/073911011010524992">"Vocabulary of Definitions of Life Suggests a Definition"</a>. <i>Journal of Biomolecuoar Structure and Dynamics</i> <b>29</b>. pp. 259–266. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21875147">21875147</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080%2F073911011010524992">10.1080/073911011010524992</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/073911011010524992">o orixinal</a> o 3 de febreiro de 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 13 de xuño do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Vocabulary+of+Definitions+of+Life+Suggests+a+Definition&rft.aufirst=Edward+N.&rft.aulast=Trifonov&rft.chron=17+de+marzo+de+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biomolecuoar+Structure+and+Dynamics&rft.pages=259-266&rft.volume=29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1080%2F073911011010524992&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F073911011010524992&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21875147&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NASA-20210306-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-NASA-20210306_35-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Voytek, Mary a. (6 de marzo de 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210318042627/https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/research/life-detection/about/">"About Life Detection"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a></i>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/research/life-detection/about/">o orixinal</a> o 18 de marzo de 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 13 de xuño do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=About+Life+Detection&rft.aufirst=Mary+a.&rft.aulast=Voytek&rft.chron=6+de+marzo+de+2021&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NASA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fastrobiology.nasa.gov%2Fresearch%2Flife-detection%2Fabout%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NG-20201214-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-NG-20201214_36-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Marshall, Michael (14 de decembro de 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210216051222/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/12/he-may-have-found-the-key-to-origins-of-life-tibor-ganti-chemoton/">"He may have found the key to the origins of life. So why have so few heard of him? - Hungarian biologist Tibor Gánti is an obscure figure. Now, more than a decade after his death, his ideas about how life began are finally coming to fruition."</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_Society" title="National Geographic Society">National Geographic Society</a></i>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/12/he-may-have-found-the-key-to-origins-of-life-tibor-ganti-chemoton/">o orixinal</a> o 16 de febreiro de 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 13 de xuño do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=He+may+have+found+the+key+to+the+origins+of+life.+So+why+have+so+few+heard+of+him%3F+-+Hungarian+biologist+Tibor+G%C3%A1nti+is+an+obscure+figure.+Now%2C+more+than+a+decade+after+his+death%2C+his+ideas+about+how+life+began+are+finally+coming+to+fruition.&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.chron=14+de+decembro+de+2020&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Geographic+Society&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalgeographic.com%2Fscience%2F2020%2F12%2Fhe-may-have-found-the-key-to-origins-of-life-tibor-ganti-chemoton%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SPC-20130801-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-SPC-20130801_37-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Mullen, Lesle (1 de agosto de 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210119140243/https://www.space.com/22210-life-definition-gerald-joyce-interview.html">"Defining Life: Q&A with Scientist Gerald Joyce"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Space.com&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Space.com (a páxina aínda non existe)">Space.com</a></i>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.space.com/22210-life-definition-gerald-joyce-interview.html">o orixinal</a> o 19 de xaneiro de 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 13 de xuño do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Defining+Life%3A+Q%26A+with+Scientist+Gerald+Joyce&rft.aufirst=Lesle&rft.aulast=Mullen&rft.chron=1+de+agosto+de+2013&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Space.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2F22210-life-definition-gerald-joyce-interview.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-20210226-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-20210226_38-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carl_Zimmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carl Zimmer (a páxina aínda non existe)">Zimmer, Carl</a> (26 de febreiro de 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210308235338/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/26/opinion/sunday/coronavirus-alive-dead.html">"The Secret Life of a Coronavirus - An oily, 100-nanometer-wide bubble of genes has killed more than two million people and reshaped the world. Scientists don't quite know what to make of it."</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/26/opinion/sunday/coronavirus-alive-dead.html">o orixinal</a> o 8 de marzo de 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 13 de xuño do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=The+Secret+Life+of+a+Coronavirus+-+An+oily%2C+100-nanometer-wide+bubble+of+genes+has+killed+more+than+two+million+people+and+reshaped+the+world.+Scientists+don%27t+quite+know+what+to+make+of+it.&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.aulast=Zimmer&rft.chron=26+de+febreiro+de+2021&rft.genre=article&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F02%2F26%2Fopinion%2Fsunday%2Fcoronavirus-alive-dead.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ETSU-2012a-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ETSU-2012a_39-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Luttermoser, Donald G. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707114650/http://faculty.etsu.edu/lutter/courses/astr1020/a1020chap12.pdf">"ASTR-1020: Astronomy II Course Lecture Notes Section XII"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>East Tennessee State University</i>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://faculty.etsu.edu/lutter/courses/astr1020/a1020chap12.pdf">o orixinal</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> o 7 de xullo de 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 13 de xuño do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=ASTR-1020%3A+Astronomy+II+Course+Lecture+Notes+Section+XII&rft.aufirst=Donald+G.&rft.aulast=Luttermoser&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=East+Tennessee+State+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffaculty.etsu.edu%2Flutter%2Fcourses%2Fastr1020%2Fa1020chap12.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ETSU-2012b-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ETSU-2012b_40-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Luttermoser, Donald G. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160412201815/http://faculty.etsu.edu/lutter/courses/phys2028/p2028exobnotes.pdf">"Physics 2028: Great Ideas in Science: The Exobiology Module"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>East Tennessee State University</i>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://faculty.etsu.edu/lutter/courses/phys2028/p2028exobnotes.pdf">o orixinal</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> o 12 de abril de 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 13 de xuño do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Physics+2028%3A+Great+Ideas+in+Science%3A+The+Exobiology+Module&rft.aufirst=Donald+G.&rft.aulast=Luttermoser&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=East+Tennessee+State+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffaculty.etsu.edu%2Flutter%2Fcourses%2Fphys2028%2Fp2028exobnotes.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ETSU-2012c-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ETSU-2012c_41-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Luttermoser, Donald G. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120502172318/http://www.koofers.com/files/notes-gyw4cx4ar4/">"Lecture Notes for ASTR 1020 - Astronomy II with Luttermoser at East Tennessee (ETSU)"</a>. <i>East Tennessee State University</i>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.koofers.com/files/notes-gyw4cx4ar4/">o orixinal</a> o 2 de maio de 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 13 de xuño do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Lecture+Notes+for+ASTR+1020+-+Astronomy+II+with+Luttermoser+at+East+Tennessee+%28ETSU%29&rft.aufirst=Donald+G.&rft.aulast=Luttermoser&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=East+Tennessee+State+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.koofers.com%2Ffiles%2Fnotes-gyw4cx4ar4%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Koshland-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Koshland_42-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Koshland, Jr., Daniel E. (22 de março de 2002). "The Seven Pillars of Life". <i>Science</i> <b>295</b>. p. 2215–16. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11910092">11910092</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1068489">10.1126/science.1068489</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=The+Seven+Pillars+of+Life&rft.aufirst=Daniel+E.&rft.aulast=Koshland%2C+Jr.&rft.chron=22+de+mar%C3%A7o+de+2002&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.pages=2215-16&rft.volume=295&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.1068489&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11910092&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">"life". <i>The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language</i> (4th ed.). Houghton Mifflin. 2006. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/978-0-618-70173-5" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/978-0-618-70173-5">978-0-618-70173-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=life&rft.btitle=The+American+Heritage+Dictionary+of+the+English+Language&rft.date=2006&rft.edition=4th&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-0-618-70173-5&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161110042620/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/life">"Life"</a>. <i>Merriam-Webster Dictionary</i>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/life">o orixinal</a> o 10 de novembro de 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 31 de outubro do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Life&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Merriam-Webster+Dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Flife&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">The University of Arizona. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140416114923/http://phoenix.lpl.arizona.edu/mars141.php">"Habitability and Biology: What are the Properties of Life?"</a>. <i>Phoenix Mars Mission</i>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phoenix.lpl.arizona.edu/mars141.php">o orixinal</a> o 16 de abril de 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 31 de outubro do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Habitability+and+Biology%3A+What+are+the+Properties+of+Life%3F&rft.au=The+University+of+Arizona&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Phoenix+Mars+Mission&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphoenix.lpl.arizona.edu%2Fmars141.php&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JBS-2012Feb-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-JBS-2012Feb_46-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Trifonov, Edward N. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120127142426/http://www.jbsdonline.com/mc_images/category/4317/21-trifonov-jbsd_29_4_2012.pdf">"Definition of Life: Navigation through Uncertainties"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics</i> <b>29</b>. p. 647–50. <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0739-1102">0739-1102</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22208269">22208269</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080%2F073911012010525017">10.1080/073911012010525017</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jbsdonline.com/mc_images/category/4317/21-trifonov-jbsd_29_4_2012.pdf">o orixinal</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> o 27 de xaneiro de 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 31 de outubro do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Definition+of+Life%3A+Navigation+through+Uncertainties&rft.aufirst=Edward+N.&rft.aulast=Trifonov&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0739-1102&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biomolecular+Structure+%26+Dynamics&rft.pages=647-50&rft.volume=29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jbsdonline.com%2Fmc_images%2Fcategory%2F4317%2F21-trifonov-jbsd_29_4_2012.pdf&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F073911012010525017&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22208269&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Zimmer, Carl (11 de janeiro de 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160414085107/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/45963181/ns/technology_and_science#.WCcX-snQf0w">"Can scientists define 'life' ... using just three words?"</a>. <i>NBC News</i>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/id/45963181/ns/technology_and_science/#.WCcX-snQf0w">o orixinal</a> o 14 de abril de 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 31 de outubro do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Can+scientists+define+%27life%27+...+using+just+three+words%3F&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.aulast=Zimmer&rft.chron=11+de+janeiro+de+2012&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fid%2F45963181%2Fns%2Ftechnology_and_science%2F%23.WCcX-snQf0w&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Luttermoser-1-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Luttermoser-1_48-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Luttermoser, Donald G. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120322185054/http://www.etsu.edu/physics/lutter/courses/astr1020/a1020chap12.pdf">"ASTR-1020: Astronomy II Course Lecture Notes Section XII"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>East Tennessee State University</i>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etsu.edu/physics/lutter/courses/astr1020/a1020chap12.pdf">o orixinal</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> o 22 de marzo de 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 28 de decembro do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=ASTR-1020%3A+Astronomy+II+Course+Lecture+Notes+Section+XII&rft.aufirst=Donald+G.&rft.aulast=Luttermoser&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=East+Tennessee+State+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etsu.edu%2Fphysics%2Flutter%2Fcourses%2Fastr1020%2Fa1020chap12.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Luttermoser-2-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Luttermoser-2_49-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Luttermoser, Donald G. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120322185041/http://www.etsu.edu/physics/lutter/courses/phys2028/p2028exobnotes.pdf">"Physics 2028: Great Ideas in Science: The Exobiology Module"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>East Tennessee State University</i>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etsu.edu/physics/lutter/courses/phys2028/p2028exobnotes.pdf">o orixinal</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> o 22 de marzo de 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 28 de decembro do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Physics+2028%3A+Great+Ideas+in+Science%3A+The+Exobiology+Module&rft.aufirst=Donald+G.&rft.aulast=Luttermoser&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=East+Tennessee+State+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etsu.edu%2Fphysics%2Flutter%2Fcourses%2Fphys2028%2Fp2028exobnotes.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Review_2009-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Review_2009_50-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Lammer, H.; Bredehöft, J.H.; Coustenis, A.; Khodachenko, M.L.; et al. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160602235333/http://veilnebula.jorgejohnson.me/uploads/3/5/8/7/3587678/lammer_et_al_2009_astron_astro_rev-4.pdf">"What makes a planet habitable?"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review</i> <b>17</b>: 181–249. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009A&ARv..17..181L">2009A&ARv..17..181L</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00159-009-0019-z">10.1007/s00159-009-0019-z</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://veilnebula.jorgejohnson.me/uploads/3/5/8/7/3587678/lammer_et_al_2009_astron_astro_rev-4.pdf">o orixinal</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> o 2 de xuño de 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 28 de decembro do 2023</span>. <q>A vida tal e como a coñecemos describiuse como un sistema (termodinámicamente) aberto (Prigogine et ao. 1972), que aproveita os gradientes da súa contorna para crear copias imperfectas de si mesmo.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=What+makes+a+planet+habitable%3F&rft.au=Bredeh%C3%B6ft%2C+J.H.&rft.au=Coustenis%2C+A.&rft.au=Khodachenko%2C+M.L.&rft.aufirst=H.&rft.aulast=Lammer&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Astronomy+and+Astrophysics+Review&rft.pages=181-249&rft.volume=17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fveilnebula.jorgejohnson.me%2Fuploads%2F3%2F5%2F8%2F7%2F3587678%2Flammer_et_al_2009_astron_astro_rev-4.pdf&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2009A%26ARv..17..181L&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs00159-009-0019-z&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-51">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Benner, Steven A. (Dezembro de 2010). "Defining Life". <i>Astrobiology</i> <b>10</b>. pp. 1021–1030. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010AsBio..10.1021B">2010AsBio..10.1021B</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1531-1074">1531-1074</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3005285">3005285</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21162682">21162682</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1089%2Fast.2010.0524">10.1089/ast.2010.0524</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Defining+Life&rft.aufirst=Steven+A.&rft.aulast=Benner&rft.chron=Dezembro+de+2010&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1531-1074&rft.jtitle=Astrobiology&rft.pages=1021-1030&rft.volume=10&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3005285&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2010AsBio..10.1021B&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1089%2Fast.2010.0524&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21162682&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-52">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerald_Joyce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerald Joyce (a páxina aínda non existe)">Joyce, Gerald F.</a> (1995). "The RNA World: Life before DNA and Protein". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130527094434/http://ebooks.cambridge.org/chapter.jsf?bid=CBO9780511564970&cid=CBO9780511564970A022"><i>Extraterrestrials</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. pp. 139–51. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/978-0-511-56497-0" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/978-0-511-56497-0">978-0-511-56497-0</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1017%2FCBO9780511564970.017">10.1017/CBO9780511564970.017</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ebooks.cambridge.org/chapter.jsf?bid=CBO9780511564970&cid=CBO9780511564970A022">o orixinal</a> o 27 de maio de 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 28 de decembro do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=The+RNA+World%3A+Life+before+DNA+and+Protein&rft.aufirst=Gerald+F.&rft.aulast=Joyce&rft.btitle=Extraterrestrials&rft.date=1995&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-0-511-56497-0&rft.pages=139-51&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Febooks.cambridge.org%2Fchapter.jsf%3Fbid%3DCBO9780511564970%26cid%3DCBO9780511564970A022&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCBO9780511564970.017&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-20151028-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-20151028_53-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dennis_Overbye&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dennis Overbye (a páxina aínda non existe)">Overbye, Dennis</a> (28 de outubro de 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151028131302/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/29/science/space/in-icy-breath-of-saturns-moon-enceladus-cassini-hunts-for-life.html">"Cassini Seeks Insights to Life in Plumes of Enceladus, Saturn's Icy Moon"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/29/science/space/in-icy-breath-of-saturns-moon-enceladus-cassini-hunts-for-life.html">o orixinal</a> o 28 de outubro de 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 28 de decembro do 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Cassini+Seeks+Insights+to+Life+in+Plumes+of+Enceladus%2C+Saturn%27s+Icy+Moon&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.aulast=Overbye&rft.chron=28+de+outubro+de+2015&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F10%2F29%2Fscience%2Fspace%2Fin-icy-breath-of-saturns-moon-enceladus-cassini-hunts-for-life.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Domagal_2016-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Domagal_2016_54-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Domagal-Goldman, Shawn D.; Wright, Katherine E. (2016). "The Astrobiology Primer v2.0". <i>Astrobiology</i> <b>16</b>. pp. 561–53. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AsBio..16..561D">2016AsBio..16..561D</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5008114">5008114</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27532777">27532777</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1089%2Fast.2015.1460">10.1089/ast.2015.1460</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=The+Astrobiology+Primer+v2.0&rft.au=Wright%2C+Katherine+E.&rft.aufirst=Shawn+D.&rft.aulast=Domagal-Goldman&rft.date=2016&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astrobiology&rft.pages=561-53&rft.volume=16&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5008114&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2016AsBio..16..561D&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1089%2Fast.2015.1460&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27532777&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-55">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Kaufmann, Stuart (2004). "Autonomous agents". En Barrow; Davies; Harper, Jr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160903234154/https://books.google.com/books?id=K_OfC0Pte_8C&pg=PA654"><i>Science and Ultimate Reality</i></a>. pp. 654–66. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/978-0-521-83113-0" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/978-0-521-83113-0">978-0-521-83113-0</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1017%2FCBO9780511814990.032">10.1017/CBO9780511814990.032</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=K_OfC0Pte_8C&pg=PA654">o orixinal</a> o 3 de setembro de 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.atitle=Autonomous+agents&rft.aufirst=Stuart&rft.aulast=Kaufmann&rft.btitle=Science+and+Ultimate+Reality&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-0-521-83113-0&rft.pages=654-66&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DK_OfC0Pte_8C%26pg%3DPA654&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCBO9780511814990.032&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-56">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Longo, Maël; Montévil; Kauffman, Stuart (2012-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170511103757/http://www.academia.edu/11720588/No_entailing_laws_but_enablement_in_the_evolution_of_the_biosphere"><i>No Entailing Laws, but Enablement in the Evolution of the Biosphere</i></a>. GECCO '12. pp. 1379–92. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012arXiv1201.2069L">2012arXiv1201.2069L</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/978-1-4503-1178-6" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/978-1-4503-1178-6">978-1-4503-1178-6</a>. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/1201.2069">1201.2069</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1145%2F2330784.2330946">10.1145/2330784.2330946</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/11720588">o orixinal</a> o 11 de maio de 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.au=Kauffman%2C+Stuart&rft.au=Mont%C3%A9vil&rft.aufirst=Ma%C3%ABl&rft.aulast=Longo&rft.btitle=No+Entailing+Laws%2C+but+Enablement+in+the+Evolution+of+the+Biosphere&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-4503-1178-6&rft.pages=1379-92&rft.series=GECCO+%2712&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F11720588&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1201.2069&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2012arXiv1201.2069L&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1145%2F2330784.2330946&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-57">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">NASA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/teachers/lifecycles/stars.html"><i>Life Cycle of Stars</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141030023837/http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/teachers/lifecycles/stars.html">Arquivado</a> 30 de outubro de 2014 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>..</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-58">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6856698">.mw-parser-output .flexquote{display:flex;flex-direction:column;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border-left:3px solid var(--border-color-subtle,#c8ccd1);font-size:90%;margin:1em 4em;padding:.4em .8em}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex{display:flex;flex-direction:row}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex>.quote{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex>.separator{border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle,#c8ccd1);border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle,#c8ccd1);margin:.4em .8em}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.cite{text-align:right}@media all and (max-width:600px){.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex{flex-direction:column}}</style> <blockquote class="flexquote"> <div class="flex"> <div class="quote">"Un tema clave no debate [dos tempos] do aborto é o status moral do embrión e o feto", sinalaba un informe elaborado pola British Medical Association. "A cuestión de cando empeza a vida debateuse durante anos e continúa sendo un tema no cal os membros da sociedade teñen visións opostas (...). Probablemente nunca sexa posible alcanzar un acordo sobre esta cuestión"</div> </div><div class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.elmundo.es/elmundosalud/2008/01/19/mujer/1200773335.html">[1]</a></div> </blockquote></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-59">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081106060554/http://www.vidahumana.org/vidafam/anticon/bioetica.html">"Declaración sobre el comienzo de la vida humana de la Comisión Nacional de Ética Biomédica de Argentina."</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vidahumana.org/vidafam/anticon/bioetica.html">o orixinal</a> o 06 de novembro de 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 17 de novembro de 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.btitle=Declaraci%C3%B3n+sobre+el+comienzo+de+la+vida+humana+de+la+Comisi%C3%B3n+Nacional+de+%C3%89tica+Biom%C3%A9dica+de+Argentina.&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vidahumana.org%2Fvidafam%2Fanticon%2Fbioetica.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-60">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">En calquera outro caso incorreríase nun delito de <a href="/wiki/Homicidio" title="Homicidio">homicidio</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-61">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fundacionalzheimeresp.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=253&Itemid=145">www.fundacionalzheimeresp.org</a><sup>[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ligaz%C3%B3ns_mortas" title="Wikipedia:Ligazóns mortas">Ligazón morta</a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-62">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Carl Sagan. Serie de televisión <i>Cosmos</i>. 1980. Capítulo IX: <i>Enciclopedia Galáctica</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-63">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190909072912/http://www.biocab.org/Exobiologia_Probabilidades.html">"Biology Cabinet"</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://biocab.org/Exobiologia_Probabilidades.html">o orixinal</a> o 09 de setembro de 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 11 de marzo de 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.btitle=Biology+Cabinet&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbiocab.org%2FExobiologia_Probabilidades.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-64">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Ilya Prigogine (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com.ar/books?id=H2JitQAACAAJ&dq=El+nacimiento+del+tiempo&source=bl&ots=Q_MIaD_gON&sig=_ebTVy-DFJFLwe4GOwBIQylMb0E&hl=es&sa=X&ei=i80dUJ7hJ_K50AHm1YGIDQ&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA"><i>El nacimiento del tiempo</i></a>. Buenos Aires, Fábula Tusquets editores. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/978-987-670-087-0" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/978-987-670-087-0">978-987-670-087-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.au=Ilya+Prigogine&rft.btitle=El+nacimiento+del+tiempo&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-987-670-087-0&rft.pub=Buenos+Aires%2C+F%C3%A1bula+Tusquets+editores&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.ar%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH2JitQAACAAJ%26dq%3DEl%2Bnacimiento%2Bdel%2Btiempo%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3DQ_MIaD_gON%26sig%3D_ebTVy-DFJFLwe4GOwBIQylMb0E%26hl%3Des%26sa%3DX%26ei%3Di80dUJ7hJ_K50AHm1YGIDQ%26ved%3D0CC0Q6AEwAA&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-65">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081012221244/http://www.redcientifica.com/doc/doc200305259806.html">"www.redcientífica.com"</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.redcientifica.com/doc/doc200305259806.html">o orixinal</a> o 12 de outubro de 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 17 de novembro de 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AVida&rft.btitle=www.redcient%C3fica.com&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.redcientifica.com%2Fdoc%2Fdoc200305259806.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Véxase_tamén"><span id="V.C3.A9xase_tam.C3.A9n"></span>Véxase tamén</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Editar a sección: «Véxase tamén»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit&section=17" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Véxase tamén"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Portada_galega" class="extiw" title="commons:Portada galega">Wikimedia Commons</a> ten máis contidos multimedia na categoría:  <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Life" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Life">Vida</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3" title="Modificar a ligazón no Wikidata"><img alt="Modificar a ligazón no Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/18px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/24px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></b></i></td></tr> </tbody></table> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist">A <a href="https://gl.wikiquote.org/wiki/Portada" class="extiw" title="q:Portada">Galicitas</a> posúe citas sobre:  <i><b><a href="https://gl.wikiquote.org/wiki/Vida" class="extiw" title="q:Vida">Vida</a></b></i></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Outros_artigos">Outros artigos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Editar a sección: «Outros artigos»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit&section=18" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Outros artigos"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vida_artificial" title="Vida artificial">Vida artificial</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ciclo_de_vida_(biolox%C3%ADa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciclo de vida (bioloxía) (a páxina aínda non existe)">Ciclo de vida</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ligazóns_externas"><span id="Ligaz.C3.B3ns_externas"></span>Ligazóns externas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Editar a sección: «Ligazóns externas»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vida&action=edit&section=19" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Ligazóns externas"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edge.org/3rd_culture/kauffman03/kauffman_index.html"><i>The Adjacent Possible: A Talk with Stuart Kauffman</i></a> <i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</i>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.angelfire.com/linux/vjtorley/">Animals and other living things: their interests, mental capacities and moral entitlements</a> <i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</i>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tolweb.org/tree?group=life">Tree of Life Web Project - Life on Earth</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160307014945/http://tolweb.org/tree?group=Life">Arquivado</a> 07 de marzo de 2016 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</i>.</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Control_de_autoridades" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Control_de_autoridades" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Axuda:Control_de_autoridades" title="Axuda:Control de autoridades">Control de autoridades</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlinks" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span>: <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q3">Q3</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Art_%26_Architecture_Thesaurus" title="Art & Architecture Thesaurus">AAT</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=&logic=AND&note=&subjectid=300055134">300055134</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_Central_de_Florencia" title="Biblioteca Nacional Central de Florencia">BNCF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=12970">12970</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX530995">XX530995</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Francia" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Francia">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11933780m">11933780m</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Grande_Enciclopedia_Rusa" title="Grande Enciclopedia Rusa">BRE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/1982564">1982564</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">EBID</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/life">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Faceted_Application_of_Subject_Terminology" title="Faceted Application of Subject Terminology">FAST</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.worldcat.org/fast/998188">998188</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4034831-3">4034831-3</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85076810">sh85076810</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Dieta" title="Biblioteca Nacional da Dieta">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00570344">00570344</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Rep%C3%BAblica_Checa" title="Biblioteca Nacional da República Checa">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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