CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: Alemayehu Worku</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Alemayehu Worku"> <meta name="keywords" content="Alemayehu Worku"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="Alemayehu Worku" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Alemayehu Worku"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 51</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Alemayehu Worku</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> Influence of Engaging Female Caregivers in Households with Adolescent Girls on Adopting Equitable Family Eating Practices: A Quasi-Experimental Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanna%20Gulema">Hanna Gulema</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meaza%20Demissie"> Meaza Demissie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alemayehu%20Worku"> Alemayehu Worku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Assebe%20Yadeta"> Tesfaye Assebe Yadeta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yemane%20Berhane"> Yemane Berhane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: In patriarchal societies, female caregivers decide on food allocation within a family based on prevailing gender and age norms, which may lead to inequality that does not favor young adolescent girls. This study evaluated the effect of a community-based social norm intervention involving female caregivers in West Hararghe, Ethiopia. The intervention was engaging female caregivers along with other adult influential community members to deliberate and act on food allocation social norms in a process referred to as Social Analysis and Action (SAA). Method: We used data from a large quasi-experimental study to compare family eating practices between those who participated in the Social Analyses and Action intervention and those who did not. The respondents were female caregivers in households with young adolescent girls (ages 13 and 14 years). The study’s outcome was the practice of family eating together from the same dish. The difference in difference (DID) analysis with the Mixed effect logistic regression model was used to examine the effect of the intervention. Result: The results showed improved family eating practices in both groups, but the improvement was greater in the intervention group. The DID analysis showed an 11.99 percentage points greater improvement in the intervention arm than in the control arm. The mixed-effect regression produced an adjusted odds ratio of 2.08 (95% CI [1.06–4.09]) after controlling selected covariates, p-value 0.033. Conclusions: The involvement of influential adult community members significantly improves the family practice of eating together in households where adolescent girls are present in our study. The intervention has great potential to minimize household food allocation inequalities and thus improve the nutritional status of young adolescents. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention in different social norm contexts to formulate policy and guidelines for scale-up. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20eating%20practice" title="family eating practice">family eating practice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20norm%20intervention" title=" social norm intervention"> social norm intervention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescence%20girls" title=" adolescence girls"> adolescence girls</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caregiver" title=" caregiver"> caregiver</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172656/influence-of-engaging-female-caregivers-in-households-with-adolescent-girls-on-adopting-equitable-family-eating-practices-a-quasi-experimental-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172656.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Determinants of Repeated Abortion among Women of Reproductive Age Attending Health Facilities in Northern Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henok%20Yebyo%20Henok">Henok Yebyo Henok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Araya%20Abrha%20Araya"> Araya Abrha Araya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alemayehu%20Bayray%20Alemayehu"> Alemayehu Bayray Alemayehu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gelila%20Goba%20Gelila"> Gelila Goba Gelila</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Every year, an estimated 19–20 million unsafe abortions take place, almost all in developing countries, leading to 68,000 deaths and millions more injured many permanently. Many women throughout the world, experience more than one abortion in their lifetimes. Repeat abortion is an indicator of the larger problem of unintended pregnancy. This study aimed to identify determinants of repeat abortion in Tigray Region, Ethiopia. Methods: Unmatched case-control study was conducted in hospitals in Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia, from November 2014 to June 2015. The sample included 105 cases and 204 controls, recruited from among women seeking abortion care at public hospitals. Clients having two or more abortions (“repeat abortion”) were taken as cases, and those who had a total of one abortion were taken as controls (“single abortion”). Cases were selected consecutive based on proportional to size allocation while systematic sampling was employed for controls. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Binary and multiple variable logistic regression analyses were calculated with 95% CI. Results: Mean age of cases was 24 years (±6.85) and 22 years (±6.25) for controls. 79.0% of cases had their sexual debut in less than 18 years of age compared to 57% of controls. 42.2% of controls and 23.8% of cases cited rape as the reason for having an abortion. Study participants who did not understand their fertility cycle and when they were most likely to conceive after menstruation (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=2.0, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1-3.7), having a previous abortion using medication(AOR=3.3, CI: 1.83, 6.11), having multiple sexual partners in the preceding 12 months (AOR=4.4, CI: 2.39,8.45), perceiving that the abortion procedure is not painful (AOR=2.3, CI: 1.31,4.26), initiating sexual intercourse before the age of 18 years (AOR=2.7, CI: 1.49, 5.23) and disclosure to a third-party about terminating the pregnancy (AOR=2.1, CI: 1.2,3.83) were independent predictors of repeat abortion. Conclusion: This study identified several factors correlated with women having repeat abortions. It may be helpful for the Government of Ethiopia to encourage women to delay sexual debut and decrease their number of sexual partners, including by promoting discussion within families about sexuality, to decrease the occurrence of repeated abortion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abortion" title="abortion">abortion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title=" Ethiopia"> Ethiopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=repeated%20abortion" title=" repeated abortion"> repeated abortion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20abortion" title=" single abortion"> single abortion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62830/determinants-of-repeated-abortion-among-women-of-reproductive-age-attending-health-facilities-in-northern-ethiopia-a-case-control-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62830.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Magnitude and Determinants of Overweight and Obesity among High School Adolescents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mulugeta%20Shegaze">Mulugeta Shegaze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mekitie%20Wondafrash"> Mekitie Wondafrash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alemayehu%20A.%20Alemayehu"> Alemayehu A. Alemayehu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shikur%20Mohammed"> Shikur Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zewdu%20Shewangezaw"> Zewdu Shewangezaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukerem%20Abdo"> Mukerem Abdo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gebresilasea%20Gendisha"> Gebresilasea Gendisha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The 2004 World Health Assembly called for specific actions to halt the overweight and obesity epidemic that is currently penetrating urban populations in the developing world. Adolescents require particular attention due to their vulnerability to develop obesity and the fact that adolescent weight tracks strongly into adulthood. However, there is scarcity of information on the modifiable risk factors to be targeted for primary intervention among urban adolescents in Ethiopia. This study was aimed at determining the magnitude and risk factors of overweight and obesity among high school adolescents in Addis Ababa. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in February and March 2014 on 456 randomly selected adolescents from 20 high schools in Addis Ababa city.  Demographic data and other risk factors of overweight and obesity were collected using self-administered structured questionnaire, whereas anthropometric measurements of weight and height were taken using calibrated equipment and standardized techniques. The WHO STEPS instrument for chronic disease risk was applied to assess dietary habit and physical activity. Overweight and obesity status was determined based on BMI-for-age percentiles of WHO 2007 reference population. Results: The prevalence rates of overweight, obesity, and overall overweight/ obesity among high school adolescents in Addis Ababa were 9.7% (95%CI = 6.9-12.4%), 4.2% (95%CI = 2.3-6.0%), and 13.9% (95%CI = 10.6-17.1%), respectively. Overweight/obesity prevalence was highest among female adolescents, in private schools, and in the higher wealth category. In multivariable regression model, being female [AOR(95%CI) = 5.4(2.5,12.1)], being from private school [AOR(95%CI) = 3.0(1.4,6.2)], having >3 regular meals [AOR(95%CI) = 4.0(1.3,13.0)], consumption of sweet foods [AOR(95%CI) = 5.0(2.4,10.3)] and spending <u>></u>3 hours/day sitting [AOR(95%CI) = 3.5(1.7,7.2)] were found to increase overweight/ obesity risk, whereas high Total Physical Activity level [AOR(95%CI) = 0.21(0.08,0.57)] and better nutrition knowledge [AOR(95%CI) = 0.160.07,0.37)] were found protective. Conclusions: More than one in ten of the high school adolescents were affected by overweight/obesity with dietary habit and physical activity are important modifiable risk factors. Well-tailored nutrition education program targeting lifestyle change should be initiated with more emphasis to female adolescents and students in private schools. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescents" title="adolescents">adolescents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NCDs" title=" NCDs"> NCDs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overweight" title=" overweight"> overweight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41752/magnitude-and-determinants-of-overweight-and-obesity-among-high-school-adolescents-in-addis-ababa-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> Effect of Viscosity on Propagation of MHD Waves in Astrophysical Plasma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alemayehu%20Mengesha">Alemayehu Mengesha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Solomon%20Belay"> Solomon Belay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We determine the general dispersion relation for the propagation of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves in an astrophysical plasma by considering the effect of viscosity with an anisotropic pressure tensor. Basic MHD equations have been derived and linearized by the method of perturbation to develop the general form of the dispersion relation equation. Our result indicates that an astrophysical plasma with an anisotropic pressure tensor is stable in the presence of viscosity and a strong magnetic field at considerable wavelength. Currently, we are doing the numerical analysis of this work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=astrophysical" title="astrophysical">astrophysical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20field" title=" magnetic field"> magnetic field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=instability" title=" instability"> instability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MHD" title=" MHD"> MHD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wavelength" title=" wavelength"> wavelength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscosity" title=" viscosity"> viscosity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47904/effect-of-viscosity-on-propagation-of-mhd-waves-in-astrophysical-plasma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47904.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Weak Convergence of Mann Iteration for a Hybrid Pair of Mappings in a Banach Space</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alemayehu%20Geremew%20Geremew">Alemayehu Geremew Geremew</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We prove the weak convergence of Mann iteration for a hybrid pair of maps to a common fixed point of a selfmap f and a multivalued f nonexpansive mapping T in Banach space E. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=common%20fixed%20point" title="common fixed point">common fixed point</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mann%20iteration" title=" Mann iteration"> Mann iteration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multivalued%20mapping" title=" multivalued mapping"> multivalued mapping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weak%20convergence" title=" weak convergence"> weak convergence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5913/weak-convergence-of-mann-iteration-for-a-hybrid-pair-of-mappings-in-a-banach-space" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5913.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">335</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Demand for Index Based Micro-Insurance (IBMI) in Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashenafi%20Sileshi%20Etefa">Ashenafi Sileshi Etefa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bezawit%20Worku%20Yenealem"> Bezawit Worku Yenealem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Micro-insurance is a relatively new concept that is just being introduced in Ethiopia. For an agrarian economy dominated by small holder farming and vulnerable to natural disasters, mainly drought, the need for an Index-Based Micro Insurance (IBMI) is crucial. Since IBMI solves moral hazard, adverse selection, and access issues to poor clients, it is preferable over traditional insurance products. IBMI is being piloted in drought prone areas of Ethiopia with the aim of learning and expanding the service across the country. This article analyses the demand of IBMI and the barriers to demand and finds that the demand for IBMI has so far been constrained by lack of awareness, trust issues, costliness, and the level of basis risk; and recommends reducing the basis risk and increasing the role of government and farmer cooperatives. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture" title="agriculture">agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=index%20based%20micro-insurance%20%28IBMI%29" title=" index based micro-insurance (IBMI)"> index based micro-insurance (IBMI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drought" title=" drought"> drought</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-finance%20institution%20%28MFI%29" title=" micro-finance institution (MFI)"> micro-finance institution (MFI)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43559/demand-for-index-based-micro-insurance-ibmi-in-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43559.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Development and Analysis of Waste Human Hair Fiber Reinforced Composite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Worku">Tesfaye Worku</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human hair, chicken feathers, and hairs of other birds and animals are commonly described as waste products, and the currently available disposal methods, such as burying and burning these waste products, are contributing to environmental pollution. However, those waste products are used to develop fiber-reinforced textile composite material. In this research work, the composite was developed using human hair fiber and analysis of the mechanical and physical properties of the developed composite sample. A composite sample was made with different ratios of human hair and unsaturated polyester resin, and an analysis of the mechanical and physical properties of the developed composite sample was tested according to standards. The fabricated human hair fibers reinforced polymer matrix composite sample has given encouraging results in terms of high strength and rigidity for lightweight house ceiling board material. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite" title="composite">composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20hair%20fiber" title=" human hair fiber"> human hair fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matrix" title=" matrix"> matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsaturated%20polyester" title=" unsaturated polyester"> unsaturated polyester</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183413/development-and-analysis-of-waste-human-hair-fiber-reinforced-composite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183413.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Optimizing Design Parameters for Efficient Saturated Steam Production in Fire Tube Boilers: A Cost-Effective Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoftahe%20Nigussie%20Worku">Yoftahe Nigussie Worku</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research focuses on advancing fire tube boiler technology by systematically optimizing design parameters to achieve efficient saturated steam production. The main objective is to design a high-performance boiler with a production capacity of 2000kg/h at a 12-bar design pressure while minimizing costs. The methodology employs iterative analysis, utilizing relevant formulas, and considers material selection and production methods. The study successfully results in a boiler operating at 85.25% efficiency, with a fuel consumption rate of 140.37kg/hr and a heat output of 1610kW. Theoretical importance lies in balancing efficiency, safety considerations, and cost minimization. The research addresses key questions on parameter optimization, material choices, and safety-efficiency balance, contributing valuable insights to fire tube boiler design. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20consideration" title="safety consideration">safety consideration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20methods" title=" production methods"> production methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=material%20selection" title=" material selection"> material selection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181914/optimizing-design-parameters-for-efficient-saturated-steam-production-in-fire-tube-boilers-a-cost-effective-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181914.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Graphen-Based Nanocomposites for Glucose and Ethanol Enzymatic Biosensor Fabrication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Alamirew">Tesfaye Alamirew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Delele%20Worku"> Delele Worku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Solomon%20W.%20Fanta"> Solomon W. Fanta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigus%20Gabbiye"> Nigus Gabbiye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently graphen based nanocomposites are become an emerging research areas for fabrication of enzymatic biosensors due to their property of large surface area, conductivity and biocompatibility. This review summarizes recent research reports of graphen based nanocomposites for the fabrication of glucose and ethanol enzymatic biosensors. The newly fabricated enzyme free microwave treated nitrogen doped graphen (MN-d-GR) had provided highest sensitivity towards glucose and GCE/rGO/AuNPs/ADH composite had provided far highest sensitivity towards ethanol compared to other reported graphen based nanocomposites. The MWCNT/GO/GOx and GCE/ErGO/PTH/ADH nanocomposites had also enhanced wide linear range for glucose and ethanol detection respectively. Generally, graphen based nanocomposite enzymatic biosensors had fast direct electron transfer rate, highest sensitivity and wide linear detection ranges during glucose and ethanol sensing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose" title="glucose">glucose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethanol" title=" ethanol"> ethanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enzymatic%20biosensor" title=" enzymatic biosensor"> enzymatic biosensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphen" title=" graphen"> graphen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocomposite" title=" nanocomposite"> nanocomposite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154291/graphen-based-nanocomposites-for-glucose-and-ethanol-enzymatic-biosensor-fabrication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154291.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Determinants of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Patients Who Underwent First-Line Treatment in Addis Ababa: A Case Control Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selamawit%20Hirpa">Selamawit Hirpa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Girmay%20Medhin"> Girmay Medhin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belaineh%20Girma"> Belaineh Girma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muluken%20Melese"> Muluken Melese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alemayehu%20Mekonen"> Alemayehu Mekonen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Suarez"> Pedro Suarez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gobena%20Ameni"> Gobena Ameni </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Worldwide, there were 650,000 multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases in 2010. Ethiopia is 15th among the 27 MDR-TB high-burden countries. A case control study was conducted at St. Peter Hospital and five health centers in Addis Ababa. Cases were MDR-TB patients who were in treatment at St. Peter Hospital during the study period. Controls were patients who were on first-line anti-TB treatment and were registered as cured or having completed treatment in the period 9 April 2009– 28 February 2010, in five health centers. A structured interview questionnaire was used to assess factors that could potentially be associated with the occurrence of MDR-TB. Factors that were significantly associated with MDR-TB: drug side effects during first-line treatment (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 4.5, 95% CI; 1.9 - 10.5); treatment not directly observed by a health worker (AOR = 11.7, 95% CI; 4–34.3); and retreatment with the Category II regimen (P = 0.000). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adherence%20to%20TB%20treatment" title="adherence to TB treatment">adherence to TB treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MDR-TB" title=" MDR-TB"> MDR-TB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TB%20treatment" title=" TB treatment"> TB treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TB%20treatment%20regimens" title=" TB treatment regimens "> TB treatment regimens </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2872/determinants-of-multidrug-resistant-tuberculosis-in-patients-who-underwent-first-line-treatment-in-addis-ababa-a-case-control-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2872.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">501</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Controlled Synthesis of CdSe Quantum Dots via Microwave-Enhanced Process: A Green Approach for Mass Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Delele%20Worku%20Ayele">Delele Worku Ayele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bing-Joe%20Hwang"> Bing-Joe Hwang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A method that does not employ hot injection techniques has been developed for the size-tunable synthesis of high-quality CdSe quantum dots (QDs) with a zinc blende structure. In this environmentally benign synthetic route, which uses relatively less toxic precursors, solvents, and capping ligands, CdSe QDs that absorb visible light are obtained. The size of the as-prepared CdSe QDs and, thus, their optical properties can be manipulated by changing the microwave reaction conditions. The QDs are characterized by XRD, TEM, UV-vis, FTIR, time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectrophotometry. In this approach, the reaction is conducted in open air and at a much lower temperature than in hot injection techniques. The use of microwaves in this process allows for a highly reproducible and effective synthesis protocol that is fully adaptable for mass production and can be easily employed to synthesize a variety of semiconductor QDs with the desired properties. The possible application of the as-prepared CdSe QDs has been also assessed using deposition on TiO2 films. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=average%20life%20time" title="average life time">average life time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CdSe%20QDs" title=" CdSe QDs"> CdSe QDs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20%28MW%29" title=" microwave (MW)"> microwave (MW)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20production%20oleic%20acid" title=" mass production oleic acid"> mass production oleic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Na2SeSO3" title=" Na2SeSO3"> Na2SeSO3</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24759/controlled-synthesis-of-cdse-quantum-dots-via-microwave-enhanced-process-a-green-approach-for-mass-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24759.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Rapid Microwave-Enhanced Process for Synthesis of CdSe Quantum Dots for Large Scale Production and Manipulation of Optical Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Delele%20Worku%20Ayele">Delele Worku Ayele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bing-Joe%20Hwang"> Bing-Joe Hwang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A method that does not employ hot injection techniques has been developed for the size-tunable synthesis of high-quality CdSe quantum dots (QDs) with a zinc blende structure. In this environmentally benign synthetic route, which uses relatively less toxic precursors, solvents, and capping ligands, CdSe QDs that absorb visible light are obtained. The size of the as-prepared CdSe QDs and, thus, their optical properties can be manipulated by changing the microwave reaction conditions. The QDs are characterized by XRD, TEM, UV-vis, FTIR, time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectrophotometry. In this approach, the reaction is conducted in open air and at a much lower temperature than in hot injection techniques. The use of microwaves in this process allows for a highly reproducible and effective synthesis protocol that is fully adaptable for mass production and can be easily employed to synthesize a variety of semiconductor QDs with the desired properties. The possible application of the as-prepared CdSe QDs has been also assessed using deposition on TiO2 films. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CdSe%20QDs" title="CdSe QDs">CdSe QDs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Na2SeSO3" title=" Na2SeSO3"> Na2SeSO3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20%28MW%29" title=" microwave (MW)"> microwave (MW)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oleic%20acid" title=" oleic acid"> oleic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20production" title=" mass production"> mass production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=average%20life%20time" title=" average life time"> average life time</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28552/rapid-microwave-enhanced-process-for-synthesis-of-cdse-quantum-dots-for-large-scale-production-and-manipulation-of-optical-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28552.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">709</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Productivity Improvement of Faffa Food Share Company Using a Computerized Maintenance Management System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gadisa%20Alemayehu">Gadisa Alemayehu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muralidhar%20Avvari"> Muralidhar Avvari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atkilt%20Mulu%20G."> Atkilt Mulu G.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since 1962 EC, the Faffa Food Share Company has been producing and supplying flour (famix) and value-added flour (baby food) in Ethiopia. It meets nearly all of the country's total flour demand, both for relief and commercial markets. However, it is incompetent in the international market due to a poor maintenance management system. The results of recorded documents and stopwatches revealed that frequent failure machines, as well as a poor maintenance management system, cause increased production downtimes, resulting in a 29.19 percent decrease in production from the planned production. As a result, the current study's goal is to recommend newly developed software for use in and as a Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS). As a result, the system increases machine reliability and decreases the frequency of equipment failure, reducing breakdown time and maintenance costs. The company's overall manufacturing performance improved by 4.45 percent, particularly after the implementation of the CMMS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CMMS" title="CMMS">CMMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manufacturing%20performance" title=" manufacturing performance"> manufacturing performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delivery" title=" delivery"> delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=availability" title=" availability"> availability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexibility" title=" flexibility"> flexibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faffa%20Food%20Share%20Company" title=" Faffa Food Share Company"> Faffa Food Share Company</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151418/productivity-improvement-of-faffa-food-share-company-using-a-computerized-maintenance-management-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Assessment of Sustainability in the Wulo Abiye Watershed, Central Highlands of Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Getabalew%20Derib">Getabalew Derib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arragaw%20Alemayehu"> Arragaw Alemayehu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Assessing the sustainability of watersheds holds significant importance for regional natural resource management and to achieve sustainable development. This study investigated the sustainability of the Wulo Abiye watershed, central highlands of Ethiopia. The sustainability status of the watershed was evaluated by using 17 indicators representing the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of sustainable development goals (SDGs) based on the local and existing conditions of the watershed. The results indicated that environmental sustainability was at a ’ high’ level, while social and economic sustainability and the aggregate index were at ‘moderate’ levels. The overall level of community participation in the planning and evaluation phases of watershed management was at ’low’ levels. The implementation phase was at ’high’ level. Overall , the sustainability status of watershed management and level of community participation were at ‘moderate’ levels. The study concluded that integrated support is needed to overcome the identified challenges to achieve sustainable development in watersheds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wulo%20Abiye%20watershed" title="Wulo Abiye watershed">Wulo Abiye watershed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20participation" title=" community participation"> community participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watershed%20management" title=" watershed management"> watershed management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186988/assessment-of-sustainability-in-the-wulo-abiye-watershed-central-highlands-of-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186988.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">46</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Impact of Mass Rape on HIV Incidence and Prevalence in Conflict Situations: Mathematical Analysis of the War in Tigray, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelkadir%20Muzey%20Mohammed">Abdelkadir Muzey Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habtu%20Alemayehu%20Atsbaha"> Habtu Alemayehu Atsbaha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yohannes%20Yirga%20Kefela"> Yohannes Yirga Kefela</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Woldegebriel%20Assefa%20Woldegerima"> Woldegebriel Assefa Woldegerima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kiros%20Tedla%20Gebrehiwot"> Kiros Tedla Gebrehiwot</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The circumstances of war and conflict have long been associated with concerns about heightening HIV infection due to the use of sexual violence and rape as a weapon of war and lack of health services access to the patients with HIV as well as sexual violence and rape victims. This paper examines the impact of war related mass rape on HIV incidence and prevalence in the war ravaged Tigray, Ethiopia. Risk equation model and uncertainty analyses with sampled ranges of parameters were employed using data from WHO, Ethiopian Public Health Institute and Ethiopian Central Statistical Agency was used. Our analysis indicated that the mass rape committed in Tigray could cause an increase of incidence and prevalence by a median of 63.01% and 1.14% respectively. The significant increase in HIV incidence and prevalence due to mass rape demands a special attention including region wide improved surveillance and tracing of rape survivors. Furthermore, HIV prevention and treatment strategies such as delivery of emergency health service, providing pre and post exposure treatments on the basis of human rights should priority of governmental and nongovernmental organizations in a conflict situation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflict%20situation" title="conflict situation">conflict situation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20rape" title=" mass rape"> mass rape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HIV" title=" HIV"> HIV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title=" mathematical model"> mathematical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertainty%20analysis" title=" uncertainty analysis"> uncertainty analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194154/impact-of-mass-rape-on-hiv-incidence-and-prevalence-in-conflict-situations-mathematical-analysis-of-the-war-in-tigray-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194154.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">10</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> The Impacts of Civil War on Import and Export in Ethiopia: A Case Study of the Tigray Region Conflict</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simegn%20Alemayehu%20Ayele">Simegn Alemayehu Ayele</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Abstract: On November 4, 2020, the Ethiopian government launched a military operation against the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) in Ethiopia's Tigray Province, sparking the beginning of the Tigray War. This study focuses on the most recent Tigray War as it explores the effects of the civil war on Ethiopia's import and export activity. This study examines the consequences of violence on Ethiopia's trade relations, including its trading partners, export volume, and import requirements, using a combination of qualitative and quantitative data. The research outcome showed that Ethiopia's trade activities have suffered significantly as a result of the Tigray conflict, with both imports and exports declining. Particularly, the violence has hampered logistics and transportation networks, which has reduced the number of products exported and imported. Furthermore, the conflict has weakened Ethiopia's trading relationships and reduced demand for Ethiopian commodities. The survey also reveals that some of Ethiopia's major trade routes have been closed as a result of the conflict, severely restricting trade activities. These findings underline the necessity for political stability and conflict resolution procedures to support the nation's import and export activity by indicating that civil war has substantial repercussions for Ethiopia's economic development and trade activities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=import%20demands" title="import demands">import demands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=logistic%20networks" title=" logistic networks"> logistic networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trade%20partiners" title=" trade partiners"> trade partiners</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trade%20relatinships" title=" trade relatinships"> trade relatinships</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165577/the-impacts-of-civil-war-on-import-and-export-in-ethiopia-a-case-study-of-the-tigray-region-conflict" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165577.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Inclusive Business and Its Contribution to Farmers Wellbeing in Arsi Ethiopia: Empirical Evidence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Senait%20G.%20Worku">Senait G. Worku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ellen%20Mangnus"> Ellen Mangnus </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Inclusive business models which integrates low-income people with companies value chain in a commercially viable way has gained momentum for the perceived potential to contribute to poverty alleviation and food security in developing countries. This article investigates the impact of Community Revenue Enhancement through Technology Extension (CREATE) project of Heineken brewery on smallholder farmers’ wellbeing in Arsi zone Oromia regional state of Ethiopia. CREATE is a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) between Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands and Heineken N.V. which source malt barely from smallholder farmers in three zones of Oromia. The study assessed the impact of CREATE on malt barley productivity, food security and new asset purchase in Arsi zone by comparing households that participate in the project with non-participating households using propensity score matching method. The finding indicated that households that participated in the CREATE project had higher malt barley productivity and purchased more new assets than non-participating households. However, there is no significant difference on food security status of participating and non-participating households indicating that the project has a profound impact on asset accumulation than on food security improvement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusive%20business" title="inclusive business">inclusive business</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malt%20barley" title=" malt barley"> malt barley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propensity%20score%20matching" title=" propensity score matching"> propensity score matching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wellbeing" title=" wellbeing"> wellbeing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89780/inclusive-business-and-its-contribution-to-farmers-wellbeing-in-arsi-ethiopia-empirical-evidence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89780.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Review of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amare%20Worku">Amare Worku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harikrishnan%20Muralidharan"> Harikrishnan Muralidharan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research for more environmentally friendly sources of energy is a result of growing environmental awareness. In this aspect, wind energy is a very good option and there are two different wind turbines, horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) and vertical axis turbine (VAWT). For locations outside of integrated grid networks, vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT) present a feasible solution. However, those turbines have several drawbacks related to various setups, VAWT has a very low efficiency when compared with HAWT, but they work under different conditions and installation areas. This paper reviewed numerous measurements taken to improve the efficiency of VAWT configurations, either directly or indirectly related to the performance efficiency of the turbine. Additionally, the comparison and advantages of HAWT and VAWT turbines and also the findings of the design methodologies used for the VAWT design have been reviewed together with efficiency enhancement revision. Most of the newly modified designs are based on the turbine blade structure modification but need other studies on behalf other than electromechanical modification. Some of the techniques, like continuous variation of pitch angle control and swept area control, are not the most effective since VAWT is Omni-directional, and so wind direction is not a problem like HAWT. Hybrid system technology has become one of the most important and efficient methods to enhance the efficiency of VAWT. Besides hybridization, the contra-rotating method is also good if the installation area is big enough in an urban area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20turbine" title="wind turbine">wind turbine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horizontal%20axis%20wind%20turbine" title=" horizontal axis wind turbine"> horizontal axis wind turbine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vertical%20axis%20wind%20turbine" title=" vertical axis wind turbine"> vertical axis wind turbine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybridization" title=" hybridization"> hybridization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163049/review-of-vertical-axis-wind-turbine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163049.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Optimizing Fire Tube Boiler Design for Efficient Saturated Steam Production at 2000kg/h</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoftahe%20Nigussie%20Worku">Yoftahe Nigussie Worku</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study focused on designing a Fire tube boiler to generate saturated steam with a 2000kg/h capacity at a 12bar design pressure. The primary project goal is to achieve efficient steam production while minimizing costs. This involves selecting suitable materials for component parts, employing cost-effective construction methods, and optimizing various parameters. The analysis phase employs iterative processes and relevant formulas to determine key design parameters. This includes optimizing the diameter of tubes for overall heat transfer coefficient, considering a two-pass configuration due to tube and shell size, and using heavy oil fuel no.6 with specific heating values. The designed boiler consumes 140.37kg/hr of fuel, producing 1610kw of heat at an efficiency of 85.25%. The fluid flow is configured as cross flow, leveraging its inherent advantages. The tube arrangement involves welding the tubes inside the shell, which is connected to the tube sheet using a combination of gaskets and welding. The design of the shell adheres to the European Standard code for pressure vessels, accounting for weight and supplementary accessories and providing detailed drawings for components like lifting lugs, openings, ends, manholes, and supports. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title="efficiency">efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coefficient" title=" coefficient"> coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saturated%20steam" title=" saturated steam"> saturated steam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20tube" title=" fire tube"> fire tube</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181247/optimizing-fire-tube-boiler-design-for-efficient-saturated-steam-production-at-2000kgh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181247.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">59</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Mother and Father Involvement and Students’ School Performance: A Study on Private Primary Schools in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alemayehu%20Belay%20Emagnaw">Alemayehu Belay Emagnaw</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was conducted to investigate the relationship of mother and father involvement with students’ school performance and the effect of selected family demographic variables (mother and father education, family structure and sex of students) to the involvement of mothers and fathers in their children’s school performance. In addition, this study attempted to differentiate the level of involvement of mothers’ and fathers’ in their children’s school performance. The research was conducted in Bahirdar City, Ethiopia. A total of 175 students (boys were 85 and girls were 90) of grade 7th and 8th private primary schools were selected as respondents using stratified random sampling technique. The data were collected using a questionnaire. Analysis of the data showed that fathers and mothers have significant involvement in their children’s school performance. A significant difference was also found between mothers and fathers involvement in their children’s school performance. Mothers were better involved in their children school performance than fathers. The analysis of inter-correlation between variables showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between mother and father education, mother and father involvement, and school performance whereas, family structure and sex of the child had no significant relationship with school performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20structure" title="family structure">family structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parental%20education" title=" parental education"> parental education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parental%20involvement" title=" parental involvement"> parental involvement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20performance" title=" school performance"> school performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110102/mother-and-father-involvement-and-students-school-performance-a-study-on-private-primary-schools-in-bahir-dar-city-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110102.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> The Effect of Leadership Style on Employee Engagement in Ethiopian Airlines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahlet%20Nigussie%20Worku">Mahlet Nigussie Worku</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main purpose of this study was to examine the effects of different leadership styles on employee engagement in Ethiopian Airlines headquarters located in Addis Ababa. Specific objectives of the study were stated to examine the effects of five leadership styles, namely transformational, transactional, democratic, lassies fair and autocratic leadership styles on employees’ engagement. The study was conducted on 288 sample sizes, and a simple random sampling technique was employed. The quantitative findings were presented and analyzed by table, ANOVA, bivariate correlation and regression model through SPSS software version 23. Out of 288 total distributed questionnaires, 280 were returned, and 8 of the returned were rejected due to missing data, while the remaining 280 responses were used for data analysis. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study employed both descriptive and explanatory research design. Correlation and regression were used to analyze the relationship and its effect between leadership Style and employee engagement. The regression results showed that transformational, transactional and democratic leadership Styles have significant contributions to employee engagement. Similarly, the transformational, transactional land democratic leadership style had a positive and strong correlation with employee engagement. However, lassies-fair and autocratic leadership styles showed a negative and insignificant effect on employee engagement. Finally, based on the findings, workable recommendations and implications for further studies were forwarded. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leadership" title="leadership">leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autocratic%20leadership%20style" title=" autocratic leadership style"> autocratic leadership style</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=democratic%20leadership%20style" title=" democratic leadership style"> democratic leadership style</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employee%20engagement" title=" employee engagement"> employee engagement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178821/the-effect-of-leadership-style-on-employee-engagement-in-ethiopian-airlines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178821.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">97</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> The Effect Of Leadership Style On Employee Engagment In Ethiopian Airlines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahlet%20Nigussie%20Worku">Mahlet Nigussie Worku</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main purpose of this study was to examine the effects of different leadership styles on employee engagement in Ethiopian Airlines head quarter located in Addis Ababa. Specific objectives of the study were stated to examine the effects of five leadership styles namely transformational, transactional, democratic, lassies fair and autocratic leadership styles on employees’ engagement. The study was conducted on 288 sample size and a simple random sampling technique was employed. The quantitative findings were presented and analyzed by table, ANOVA, bivariate correlation and regression model through SPSS software version 23. Out of 288 total distributed questionnaires 280 were returned and 8 of the returned were rejected due to missing data while the remaining 280 responses were used for data analysis. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study employed both descriptive and explanatory research design. Correlation and regression were used to analyze the relationship and its effect between leadership Style and employee’s engagement. The regression results showed that transformational, transactional and democratic leadership Styles have significant contribution for employee’s engagement. Similarly transformational, transactional land democratic leadership style had a positive and strong correlation with employee’s engagement. However lassies-fair and autocratic leadership style showed negative and insignificant effect on employee engagement. Finally, based on the findings, workable recommendations and implications for further studies were forwarded <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leadership" title="leadership">leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leadership%20style" title=" leadership style"> leadership style</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employee%20engagement" title=" employee engagement"> employee engagement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autocratic%20leadership%20styles" title=" autocratic leadership styles"> autocratic leadership styles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179013/the-effect-of-leadership-style-on-employee-engagment-in-ethiopian-airlines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179013.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">72</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Comparative Analysis of Residual Shear Depiction and Grain Distribution Characteristics of Slide Soil Profile Sections</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ephrem%20Getahun">Ephrem Getahun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shengwen%20Qi"> Shengwen Qi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Songfeng%20Guo"> Songfeng Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu%20Zou"> Yu Zou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melesse%20Alemayehu"> Melesse Alemayehu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Residual shear characteristics of slide soil profile sections (SSPS) were examined using ring shear tests to know the relative residual shear behaviors among the sections of slide soil. The multistage-multiphase shearing techniques were employed to perform the experiment for each soil specimen continuously towards large displacements. The grain distribution analysis of SSPS samples was characterized by coarsening upward from bottom slip to the top sections; however, the slip surface was considered as a sheared zone that endorses their low shear resistance for failure. There is an average range of 1-2.5 mm axial displacement on each stage of loadings and phases of shearing that depicts the significant effect of dilation and compression of soil specimen. The middle section has the largest consolidation percentage (10-29%), and vertical displacement compared to other sections and showed high shear strengthening behavior having maximum shear stress of 189kPa at 240kPa loading compared to basal and top sections. It is found that the middle section of SSPS has relatively high shear resistance behavior for large displacement shearing. The residual shear assessment indicates that there is a significant influence of large displacement and rate on the friction coefficient behaviors; it resulted in shear weakening effect to attain their residual condition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comparison" title="comparison">comparison</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=displacements" title=" displacements"> displacements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20shear%20stress" title=" residual shear stress"> residual shear stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20behavior" title=" shear behavior"> shear behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slide%20soils" title=" slide soils"> slide soils</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102831/comparative-analysis-of-residual-shear-depiction-and-grain-distribution-characteristics-of-slide-soil-profile-sections" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102831.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Poly(Amidoamine) Dendrimer-Cisplatin Nanocomplex Mixed with Multifunctional Ovalbumin Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Immuno-Chemotherapeutics with M1 Polarization of Macrophages</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tefera%20Worku%20Mekonnen">Tefera Worku Mekonnen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiseh%20Chih%20Tsai"> Hiseh Chih Tsai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Enhancement of drug efficacy is essential in cancer treatment. The immune stimulator ovalbumin (Ova)-coated citric acid (AC-)-stabilized iron oxide nanoparticles (AC-IO-Ova NPs) and enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) based tumor targeted 4.5 (4.5G) poly(amidoamine) dendrimer-cisplatin nanocomplex (4.5GDP-Cis-pt NC) were used for enhanced anticancer efficiency. The formations of 4.5GDP-Cis-pt NC, AC-IO, and AC-IO-Ova NPs have been examined by FTIR, X-ray diffraction, Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The conjugation of cisplatin (Cis-pt) with 4.5GDP was confirmed using carbon NMR. The tumor-specific 4.5GDP-Cis-pt NC provided ~45% and 28% cumulative cisplatin release in 72 h at pH 6.5 and 7.4, respectively. A significant immune response with high TNF-α and IL-6 cytokine secretion was confirmed when the co-incubation of AC-IO-Ova with RAW 264.7 or HaCaT cells. AC-IO-Ova NP was biocompatible in different cell lines, even at a high concentration (200 µg mL−1). In contrast, AC-IO-Ova NPs mixed with 4.5GDP-Cis-pt NC (Cis-pt at 15 µg mL−1) significantly increased the cytotoxicity against the cancer cells, which is dose-dependent on the concentration of AC-IO-Ova NPs. The increased anticancer effects may be attributed to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, the efficiency of anticancer cells may be further assisted by induction of an innate immune response via M1 macrophage polarization due to the presence of AC-IO-Ova NPs. We provide a better synergestic chemoimmunotherapeutic strategy to enhance the efficiency of anticancer of cisplatin via chemotherapeutic agent 4.5GDP-Cis-pt NC and induction of proinflammatory cytokines to stimulate innate immunity through AC-IO-Ova NPs against tumors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cisplatin-release" title="cisplatin-release">cisplatin-release</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron%20oxide" title=" iron oxide"> iron oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovalbumin" title=" ovalbumin"> ovalbumin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poly%28amidoamine%29%20dendrimer" title=" poly(amidoamine) dendrimer"> poly(amidoamine) dendrimer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151735/polyamidoamine-dendrimer-cisplatin-nanocomplex-mixed-with-multifunctional-ovalbumin-coated-iron-oxide-nanoparticles-for-immuno-chemotherapeutics-with-m1-polarization-of-macrophages" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151735.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Virtual Prototyping of Ventilated Corrugated Fibreboard Carton of Fresh Fruit for Improved Containerized Transportation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alemayehu%20Ambaw">Alemayehu Ambaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matia%20Mukama"> Matia Mukama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umezuruike%20Linus%20Opara"> Umezuruike Linus Opara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study introduces a comprehensive method for designing ventilated corrugated fiberboard carton for fresh fruit packaging utilising virtual prototyping. The technique efficiently assesses and analyses the mechanical and thermal capabilities of fresh fruit packing boxes prior to making production investments. Comprehensive structural, aerodynamic, and thermodynamic data from designs were collected and evaluated in comparison to real-world packaging needs. Physical prototypes of potential designs were created and evaluated afterward. The virtual prototype is created with computer-aided graphics, computational structural dynamics, and computational fluid dynamics technologies. The virtual prototyping quickly generated data on carton compression strength, airflow resistance, produce cooling rate, spatiotemporal temperature, and product quality map in the cold chain within a few hours. Six distinct designs were analysed. All the various carton designs showed similar effectiveness in preserving the quality of the goods. The innovative packaging box design is more compact, resulting in a higher freight density of 1720 kg more fruit per reefer compared to the commercial counterpart. The precooling process was improved, resulting in a 17% increase in throughput and a 30% reduction in power usage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postharvest" title="postharvest">postharvest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=container%20logistics" title=" container logistics"> container logistics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%2Fvolume%20usage" title=" space/volume usage"> space/volume usage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20method" title=" computational method"> computational method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=packaging%20technology" title=" packaging technology"> packaging technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183359/virtual-prototyping-of-ventilated-corrugated-fibreboard-carton-of-fresh-fruit-for-improved-containerized-transportation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183359.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">58</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Non-Adherence to Antidepressant Treatment and Its Predictors among Outpatients with Depressive Disorders</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selam%20Mulugeta">Selam Mulugeta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barkot%20Milkias"> Barkot Milkias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mesfin%20Araya"> Mesfin Araya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abel%20Worku"> Abel Worku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eyasu%20Mulugeta"> Eyasu Mulugeta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Ethiopia, there is inadequate information on non-adherence to antidepressant treatment in patients with depressive disorders. Having awareness of the pattern of adherence is important in future prognosis, quality of life, and functionality in these patients. This hospital-based cross-sectional quantitative study was done on a sample of 216 consecutive outpatients with depressive disorders. Data were collected using questionnaires through in-person and phone call interviews. The 8-item Morisky scale was used to assess the pattern of medication adherence. Other specially developed tools were used to obtain sociodemographic and clinical information from electronic medical records and patient interviews. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Version - 25. Univariate and multivariable analyses were carried out to assess factors associated with non-adherence. 90% of the participants had a primary diagnosis of major depressive disorder. Based on the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, the prevalence of non-adherence was found to be 84.7%. Living distance between 11 to 50 km from the hospital (AOR= 11, 95% CI (29,46.6)), post-secondary level of education (AOR= 8.3, 95% CI (1, 64.4)) and taking multiple medications (AOR= 6.1, 95% CI (1, 34.9)) were found to have significantly increased odds of non-adherence. Non-adherence was significantly associated with factors such as increased living distance from the hospital, relatively higher educational level, and polypharmacy. Proper and patient-centered psychoeducation, addressing the communication gap between patients and doctors, adherence to prescribing guidelines, avoiding polypharmacy unless indicated & working on accessibility of treatment is essential to decrease non-adherence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depressive%20disorders" title="depressive disorders">depressive disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title=" Ethiopia"> Ethiopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medication%20adherence" title=" medication adherence"> medication adherence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Addis%20Ababa" title=" Addis Ababa"> Addis Ababa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135239/non-adherence-to-antidepressant-treatment-and-its-predictors-among-outpatients-with-depressive-disorders" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Treatment of Healthcare Wastewater Using The Peroxi-Photoelectrocoagulation Process: Predictive Models for Chemical Oxygen Demand, Color Removal, and Electrical Energy Consumption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Fekadu%20A.">Samuel Fekadu A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esayas%20Alemayehu%20B."> Esayas Alemayehu B.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bultum%20Oljira%20D."> Bultum Oljira D.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seid%20Tiku%20D."> Seid Tiku D.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dessalegn%20Dadi%20D."> Dessalegn Dadi D.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bart%20Van%20Der%20Bruggen%20A."> Bart Van Der Bruggen A.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The peroxi-photoelectrocoagulation process was evaluated for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color from healthcare wastewater. A 2-level full factorial design with center points was created to investigate the effect of the process parameters, i.e., initial COD, H₂O₂, pH, reaction time and current density. Furthermore, the total energy consumption and average current efficiency in the system were evaluated. Predictive models for % COD, % color removal and energy consumption were obtained. The initial COD and pH were found to be the most significant variables in the reduction of COD and color in peroxi-photoelectrocoagulation process. Hydrogen peroxide only has a significant effect on the treated wastewater when combined with other input variables in the process like pH, reaction time and current density. In the peroxi-photoelectrocoagulation process, current density appears not as a single effect but rather as an interaction effect with H₂O₂ in reducing COD and color. Lower energy expenditure was observed at higher initial COD, shorter reaction time and lower current density. The average current efficiency was found as low as 13 % and as high as 777 %. Overall, the study showed that hybrid electrochemical oxidation can be applied effectively and efficiently for the removal of pollutants from healthcare wastewater. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20oxidation" title="electrochemical oxidation">electrochemical oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UV" title=" UV"> UV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20pollutants%20removals" title=" healthcare pollutants removals"> healthcare pollutants removals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factorial%20design" title=" factorial design"> factorial design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162986/treatment-of-healthcare-wastewater-using-the-peroxi-photoelectrocoagulation-process-predictive-models-for-chemical-oxygen-demand-color-removal-and-electrical-energy-consumption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162986.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Enhancing Vehicle Efficiency Through Vapor Absorption Refrigeration Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoftahe%20Nigussie%20Worku">Yoftahe Nigussie Worku</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores the utilization of vapor absorption refrigeration systems (VARS) as an alternative to the conventional vapor compression refrigerant systems (VCRS) in vehicle air conditioning (AC) systems. Currently, most vehicles employ VCRS, which relies on engine power to drive the compressor, leading to additional fuel consumption. In contrast, VARS harnesses low-grade heat, specifically from the exhaust of high-power internal combustion engines, reducing the burden on the vehicle's engine. The historical development of vapor absorption technology is outlined, dating back to Michael Faraday's discovery in 1824 and the subsequent creation of the first vapor absorption refrigeration machine by Ferdinand Carre in 1860. The paper delves into the fundamental principles of VARS, emphasizing the replacement of mechanical processes with physicochemical interactions, utilizing heat rather than mechanical work. The study compares the basic concepts of the current vapor compression systems with the proposed vapor absorption systems, highlighting the efficiency gains achieved by eliminating the need for engine-driven compressors. The vapor absorption refrigeration cycle (VARC) is detailed, focusing on the generator's role in separating and vaporizing ammonia, chosen for its low-temperature evaporation characteristics. The project's statement underscores the need for increased efficiency in vehicle AC systems beyond the limitations of VCRS. By introducing VARS, driven by low-grade heat, the paper advocates for a reduction in engine power consumption and, consequently, a decrease in fuel usage. This research contributes to the ongoing efforts to enhance sustainability and efficiency in automotive climate control systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VCRS" title="VCRS">VCRS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VARS" title=" VARS"> VARS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179158/enhancing-vehicle-efficiency-through-vapor-absorption-refrigeration-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179158.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> First Principle-Based Dft and Microkinetic Simulation of Co-Conversion of Carbon Dioxide and Methane on Single Iridium Atom Doped Hematite with Surface Oxygen Defect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kefale%20W.%20Yizengaw">Kefale W. Yizengaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Delele%20Worku%20Ayele"> Delele Worku Ayele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jyh-Chiang%20Jiang"> Jyh-Chiang Jiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The catalytic co-conversion of CO₂ and CH₄ to value-added compounds has become one of the promising approaches to addressing global climate change by having valuable fossil fuels. Thedirect co-conversion of CO₂ and CH₄ to value-added compounds is attractive but tremendously challenging because of both molecules' thermodynamic stability and kinetic inertness. In the present study, a single iridium atom doped and a single oxygen atom defect hematite (110)surface model catalyst, which can comprehend direct C–O coupling based on simultaneous activation of CO2 and CH4 was studied using density functional theory plus U (DFT + U)calculations. The presence of dual active sites on the Ir/Fe₂O₃(110)-OV surface catalyst enablesCO₂ activation on the Ir site and CH₄ activation at the defect site. The electron analysis for the theco-adsorption of CO₂ and CH₄ deals with the electron redistribution on the surface and clearly shows the synergistic effect for simultaneous CO₂ and CH₄ activation on Ir/α- Fe₂O₃(110)-OVsurface. The microkinetic analysis shows that the dissociation of CH4 to CH3 * and H* plays an excellent role in the C–O coupling. The coverage analysis for the intermediate products of the microkinetic simulation results indicates that C–O coupling is the reaction limiting step. Finally, after the CH₃O* intermediate product species is produced, the radical hydrogen species spontaneously diffuse to the CH3O* intermediate product to form methanol at around 490 [K]. The present work provides mechanistic and kinetic insights into the direct C–O coupling of CO₂and CH₄, which could help design more-efficient catalysts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-conversion" title="co-conversion">co-conversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C%E2%80%93O%20coupling" title=" C–O coupling"> C–O coupling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doping" title=" doping"> doping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxygen%20vacancy" title=" oxygen vacancy"> oxygen vacancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microkinetic" title=" microkinetic"> microkinetic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158456/first-principle-based-dft-and-microkinetic-simulation-of-co-conversion-of-carbon-dioxide-and-methane-on-single-iridium-atom-doped-hematite-with-surface-oxygen-defect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158456.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Silver Nanoparticle Application in Food Packaging and Impacts on Food Safety and Consumer’s Health</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Worku%20Dejene%20Bekele">Worku Dejene Bekele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20Marczika%20Csilla%20S%C3%B6r%C3%B6s"> András Marczika Csilla Sörös</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Silver nanoparticles are silver metal with a size of 1-100nm. The most common source of silver nanoparticles is inorganic salts. Nanoparticles can be ingested through our foods and constitute nanoparticles and silver ions, whether as an additive or by migrants and, in some cases, as a pollutant. Silver nanoparticles are the most widely applicable engineered nanomaterials, especially for antimicrobial function. Ag nanoparticles give different advantages in the case of food safety, quality, and overall acceptability; however, they affect the health of humans and animals, putting them at risk of health problems and environmental pollution. Silver nanoparticles have been used widely in food packaging technologies, especially in water treatments, meat and meat products, fruit, and many other food products. This is for bio-preservation from food products. The primary goal of this review is to determine the safety and health impact of Ag nanoparticles application in food packaging and analysis of the human organs more affected by this preservative technology, to assess the implications of a nanoparticle on food safety, to determine the effects of nanoparticles on consumers health and to determine the impact of nanotechnology on product acceptability. But currently, much research has demonstrated that there is cause to believe that silver nanoparticles may have toxicological effects on biological organs and systems. The silver nanoparticles affect DNA expression, gastrointestinal barriers, lungs, and other breathing organs illness. Silver particles and molecules are very toxic. During its application in food packaging, food industries used the thinnest particle. This particle can potentially affect the gastrointestinal tracts-it suffers from mucus production, DNA, lungs, and other breezing organs. This review is targeted to demonstrate the knowledge gap that industrials use in the application of silver nanoparticles in food packaging and preservation and its health effects on the consumer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20preservatives" title="food preservatives">food preservatives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20impact" title=" health impact"> health impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticle" title=" nanoparticle"> nanoparticle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silver%20nanoparticle" title=" silver nanoparticle"> silver nanoparticle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183084/silver-nanoparticle-application-in-food-packaging-and-impacts-on-food-safety-and-consumers-health" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183084.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alemayehu%20Worku&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alemayehu%20Worku&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>