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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Апошнія змены</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:NewPages"><span>Новыя старонкі</span></a></li><li id="n-Village-pump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC"><span>Форум</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Random" title="Паказаць выпадковую старонку [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Выпадковая старонка</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дзе можна атрымаць тлумачэнні."><span>Даведка</span></a></li><li id="n-bug_in_article" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96"><span>Паведаміць пра памылку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Вікіпедыя" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-be.svg" style="width: 7.625em; height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-be.svg" width="117" height="12" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Знайсці ў Вікіпедыі [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Пошук</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Шукаць у Вікіпедыі" aria-label="Шукаць у Вікіпедыі" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Знайсці ў Вікіпедыі [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Адмысловае:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Пошук</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Асабістыя інструменты"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Выгляд"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Выгляд" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Выгляд</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_be.wikipedia.org&uselang=be" class=""><span>Ахвяраваць</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CreateAccount&returnto=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7+%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85+%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Вам прапануецца стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта не абавязкова" class=""><span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UserLogin&returnto=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7+%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85+%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Вам прапануецца ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Увайсці</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Больш магчымасцей" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Асабістыя інструменты" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Асабістыя інструменты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Меню ўдзельніка" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_be.wikipedia.org&uselang=be"><span>Ахвяраваць</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CreateAccount&returnto=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7+%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85+%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Вам прапануецца стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта не абавязкова"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UserLogin&returnto=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7+%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85+%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Вам прапануецца ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Увайсці</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Старонкі для ананімных рэдактараў <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" aria-label="Даведацца больш пра праўку"><span>даведацца больш</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyContributions" title="Спіс правак, зробленых з гэтага IP-адраса [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Уклад</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyTalk" title="Размовы пра праўкі, зробленыя з гэтага IP-адраса [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Праект"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Змест" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Змест</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Пачатак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Гісторыя" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Гісторыя"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Гісторыя</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Гісторыя-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Змяніць стан падраздзелу Гісторыя</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Гісторыя-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Перадгісторыя" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Перадгісторыя"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Перадгісторыя</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Перадгісторыя-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Утварэнне_СССР" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Утварэнне_СССР"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Утварэнне СССР</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Утварэнне_СССР-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Даваенны_перыяд" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Даваенны_перыяд"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Даваенны перыяд</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Даваенны_перыяд-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-СССР_у_Другой_сусветнай_вайне" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#СССР_у_Другой_сусветнай_вайне"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>СССР у Другой сусветнай вайне</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-СССР_у_Другой_сусветнай_вайне-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Пасляваенны_перыяд" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Пасляваенны_перыяд"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Пасляваенны перыяд</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Пасляваенны_перыяд-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Распад_СССР" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Распад_СССР"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Распад СССР</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Распад_СССР-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Насельніцтва" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Насельніцтва"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Насельніцтва</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Насельніцтва-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Тэрытарыяльны_падзел_СССР" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Тэрытарыяльны_падзел_СССР"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Тэрытарыяльны падзел СССР</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Тэрытарыяльны_падзел_СССР-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Кіраўнікі_СССР" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Кіраўнікі_СССР"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Кіраўнікі СССР</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Кіраўнікі_СССР-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Гл._таксама" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Гл._таксама"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Гл. таксама</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Гл._таксама-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Зноскі" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Зноскі"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Зноскі</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Зноскі-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Літаратура" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Літаратура"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Літаратура</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Літаратура-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Змест" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Пераключыць змест" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Пераключыць змест</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Саюз Савецкіх Сацыялістычных Рэспублік</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перайсці да артыкула на іншай мове. Даступны на 214 мовах." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-214" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">214 моў</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%82%D3%99_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D3%99_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Асоветтә Социалисттә Республикақәа Реидгыла – абхазская" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Асоветтә Социалисттә Республикақәа Реидгыла" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="абхазская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni_Soviet" title="Uni Soviet – ачэх" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Uni Soviet" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="ачэх" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="выдатны артыкул"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sowjetunie" title="Sowjetunie – афрыкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sowjetunie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="афрыкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sowjetunion" title="Sowjetunion – швейцарская нямецкая" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Sowjetunion" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарская нямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B6%E1%89%AA%E1%8B%AC%E1%89%B5_%E1%88%95%E1%89%A5%E1%88%A8%E1%89%B5" title="ሶቪዬት ሕብረት – амхарская" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሶቪዬት ሕብረት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni%C3%B3n_de_Republicas_Socialistas_Sovieticas" title="Unión de Republicas Socialistas Sovieticas – арагонская" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Unión de Republicas Socialistas Sovieticas" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sofiet_Gesamnung" title="Sofiet Gesamnung – стараанглійская" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Sofiet Gesamnung" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="стараанглійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="الاتحاد السوفيتي – арабская" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الاتحاد السوفيتي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%A4%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="لإتحاد السوڤياتي – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لإتحاد السوڤياتي" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%89" title="الاتحاد السوفييتى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الاتحاد السوفييتى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9B%27%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%98" title="ছ'ভিয়েট সংঘ – асамская" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ছ'ভিয়েট সংঘ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="асамская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xuni%C3%B3n_Sovi%C3%A9tica" title="Xunión Soviética – астурыйская" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Xunión Soviética" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурыйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B1_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Советияб Союзалъул Социялизмаялъул Республикаби – аварская" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Советияб Союзалъул Социялизмаялъул Республикаби" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="аварская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/TSSS" title="TSSS – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="TSSS" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSR%C4%B0" title="SSRİ – азербайджанская" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="SSRİ" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C" title="شوروی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شوروی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D1%8B" title="Совет Социалистик Республикалар Союзы – башкірская" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Совет Социалистик Республикалар Союзы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкірская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni_Soviet" title="Uni Soviet – балійская" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Uni Soviet" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="балійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sowjetunion" title="Sowjetunion – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Sowjetunion" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tar%C4%ABbu_S%C4%81jonga" title="Tarību Sājonga – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Tarību Sājonga" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Саюз Савецкіх Сацыялістычных Рэспублік – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Саюз Савецкіх Сацыялістычных Рэспублік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8A%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Съюз на съветските социалистически републики – балгарская" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Съюз на съветските социалистически републики" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="балгарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8" title="सोवियत यूनियन – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="सोवियत यूनियन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8" title="সোভিয়েত ইউনিয়ন – бенгальская" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সোভিয়েত ইউনিয়ন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B" title="སུའུ་ལེན་ – тыбецкая" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སུའུ་ལེན་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="тыбецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8" title="সোভিয়েত ইউনিয়ন – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="সোভিয়েত ইউনিয়ন" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unaniezh_ar_Republiko%C3%B9_Sokialour_Soviedel" title="Unaniezh ar Republikoù Sokialour Soviedel – брэтонская" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Unaniezh ar Republikoù Sokialour Soviedel" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="брэтонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjetski_Savez" title="Sovjetski Savez – баснійская" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sovjetski Savez" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="баснійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D2%AF%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8D_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Зүблэлтэ холбоото улас – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Зүблэлтэ холбоото улас" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni%C3%B3_de_Rep%C3%BAbliques_Socialistes_Sovi%C3%A8tiques" title="Unió de Repúbliques Socialistes Soviètiques – каталанская" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Unió de Repúbliques Socialistes Soviètiques" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C5%AD-li%C3%A8ng" title="Sŭ-lièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Sŭ-lièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7" title="Советийн Социалистийн Республикийн Союз – чачэнская" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Советийн Социалистийн Республикийн Союз" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="чачэнская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unyong_Sobyet" title="Unyong Sobyet – себуана" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Unyong Sobyet" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуана" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%DB%8E%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%86%DA%A4%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA" title="یەکێتیی سۆڤیەت – цэнтральнакурдская" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="یەکێتیی سۆڤیەت" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="цэнтральнакурдская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Euralar_Sotsialistik_Cumhuriyetleri_Birligi" title="Şuralar Sotsialistik Cumhuriyetleri Birligi – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Şuralar Sotsialistik Cumhuriyetleri Birligi" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sov%C4%9Btsk%C3%BD_svaz" title="Sovětský svaz – чэшская" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sovětský svaz" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чэшская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B2%D1%A3%D1%82%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8A_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8A_%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%97%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B2%D1%AB%EA%99%81%D1%8A" title="Съвѣтьскъ Социалистичьскъ Димократїи Съвѫꙁъ – царкоўнаславянская" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Съвѣтьскъ Социалистичьскъ Димократїи Съвѫꙁъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="царкоўнаславянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9F%C4%95%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%88%C4%95%D0%B2%C4%95" title="Совет Социализм Республикисен Пĕрлешĕвĕ – чувашская" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Совет Социализм Республикисен Пĕрлешĕвĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yr_Undeb_Sofietaidd" title="Yr Undeb Sofietaidd – валійская" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Yr Undeb Sofietaidd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="якасны артыкул"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjetunionen" title="Sovjetunionen – дацкая" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sovjetunionen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sowjetunion" title="Sowjetunion – нямецкая" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sowjetunion" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="нямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yewiya_Sovyetan" title="Yewiya Sovyetan – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Yewiya Sovyetan" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sowjetski_zw%C4%9Bzk" title="Sowjetski zwězk – ніжнялужыцкая" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Sowjetski zwězk" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="ніжнялужыцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koisaan_Soviet" title="Koisaan Soviet – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Koisaan Soviet" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%90%DE%AF%DE%88%DE%A8%DE%87%DE%AC%DE%93%DE%B0_%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%87%DE%B0%DE%8C%DE%A8%DE%80%DE%A7%DE%8B%DE%AA" title="ސޯވިއެޓް އިއްތިހާދު – мальдыўская" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ސޯވިއެޓް އިއްތިހާދު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="мальдыўская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%88%CE%BD%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%A3%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Ένωση Σοβιετικών Σοσιαλιστικών Δημοκρατιών – грэчаская" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ένωση Σοβιετικών Σοσιαλιστικών Δημοκρατιών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грэчаская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union – англійская" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Soviet Union" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovetunio" title="Sovetunio – эсперанта" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sovetunio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанта" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni%C3%B3n_Sovi%C3%A9tica" title="Unión Soviética – іспанская" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Unión Soviética" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="іспанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B5ukogude_Liit" title="Nõukogude Liit – эстонская" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nõukogude Liit" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sobietar_Errepublika_Sozialisten_Batasuna" title="Sobietar Errepublika Sozialisten Batasuna – баскская" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sobietar Errepublika Sozialisten Batasuna" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni%C3%B3n_Sovi%C3%A9tica" title="Unión Soviética – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Unión Soviética" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C" title="اتحاد جماهیر شوروی – фарсі" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اتحاد جماهیر شوروی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="фарсі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuvostoliitto" title="Neuvostoliitto – фінская" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Neuvostoliitto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B5vvokogoliit" title="Nõvvokogoliit – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Nõvvokogoliit" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjetsamveldi%C3%B0" title="Sovjetsamveldið – фарэрская" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Sovjetsamveldið" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="фарэрская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_des_r%C3%A9publiques_socialistes_sovi%C3%A9tiques" title="Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques – французская" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sowjetunioon" title="Sowjetunioon – паўночнафрызская" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Sowjetunioon" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="паўночнафрызская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_Sovietiche" title="Union Sovietiche – фрыульская" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Union Sovietiche" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="фрыульская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjet-Uny" title="Sovjet-Uny – заходняя фрызская" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sovjet-Uny" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="заходняя фрызская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_tAontas_S%C3%B3iv%C3%A9adach" title="An tAontas Sóivéadach – ірландская" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An tAontas Sóivéadach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ірландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF" title="蘇聯 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="蘇聯" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inyon_di_s%C3%A9_r%C3%A9piblik_sosyalis_sovy%C3%A9tik" title="Inyon di sé répiblik sosyalis sovyétik – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Inyon di sé répiblik sosyalis sovyétik" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_t-Aonadh_Sobhiatach" title="An t-Aonadh Sobhiatach – шатландская гэльская" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="An t-Aonadh Sobhiatach" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="шатландская гэльская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni%C3%B3n_Sovi%C3%A9tica" title="Unión Soviética – галісійская" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Unión Soviética" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галісійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A4%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%8A" title="شؤروي – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="شؤروي" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joaty_Sovi%C3%A9tiko" title="Joaty Soviétiko – гуарані" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Joaty Soviétiko" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуарані" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B2%F0%90%8C%B2%F0%90%8C%B2%F0%90%8C%B8" title="𐌲𐌲𐌲𐌸 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌲𐌲𐌲𐌸" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A4_%E0%AA%AF%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%A8" title="સોવિયેત યુનિયન – гуджараці" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સોવિયેત યુનિયન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="гуджараці" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unnaneys_ny_Pobblaghtyn_Soveidjagh_Soshiallagh" title="Unnaneys ny Pobblaghtyn Soveidjagh Soshiallagh – мэнская" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Unnaneys ny Pobblaghtyn Soveidjagh Soshiallagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="мэнская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarayyar_Sobiyet" title="Tarayyar Sobiyet – хауса" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Tarayyar Sobiyet" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="хауса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BB-li%C3%A8n" title="Sû-lièn – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sû-lièn" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA" title="ברית המועצות – іўрыт" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ברית המועצות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="іўрыт" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%98" title="सोवियत संघ – хіндзі" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सोवियत संघ" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хіндзі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Soviet Union" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjetski_Savez" title="Sovjetski Savez – харвацкая" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sovjetski Savez" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="харвацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sowjetski_zwjazk" title="Sowjetski zwjazk – верхнялужыцкая" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Sowjetski zwjazk" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="верхнялужыцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inyon_repiblik_sosyalis_sovyetik" title="Inyon repiblik sosyalis sovyetik – гаіцянская крэольская" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Inyon repiblik sosyalis sovyetik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="гаіцянская крэольская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szovjetuni%C3%B3" title="Szovjetunió – венгерская" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szovjetunió" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BD%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B0%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Խորհրդային Սոցիալիստական Հանրապետությունների Միություն – армянская" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Խորհրդային Սոցիալիստական Հանրապետությունների Միություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BD%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B0%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Խորհրդային Միութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Խորհրդային Միութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_Sovietic" title="Union Sovietic – інтэрлінгва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Union Sovietic" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="інтэрлінгва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni_Soviet" title="Uni Soviet – інданезійская" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Uni Soviet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="інданезійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet-Union" title="Soviet-Union – інтэрлінгвэ" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Soviet-Union" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="інтэрлінгвэ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suviatam_Nunaa" title="Suviatam Nunaa – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Suviatam Nunaa" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kappon_ti_Sobiet" title="Kappon ti Sobiet – ілакана" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kappon ti Sobiet" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ілакана" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7" title="Советий Социализма Республикай Союз – інгушская" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Советий Социализма Республикай Союз" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="інгушская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet-Uniono" title="Soviet-Uniono – іда" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Soviet-Uniono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="іда" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sov%C3%A9tr%C3%ADkin" title="Sovétríkin – ісландская" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sovétríkin" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ісландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unione_Sovietica" title="Unione Sovietica – італьянская" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Unione Sovietica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="італьянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BD%E3%83%93%E3%82%A8%E3%83%88%E9%80%A3%E9%82%A6" title="ソビエト連邦 – японская" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ソビエト連邦" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suoviet_Yuunian" title="Suoviet Yuunian – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Suoviet Yuunian" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/sofygu%27e" title="sofygu'e – ложбан" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="sofygu'e" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="ложбан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni_Sovy%C3%A8t" title="Uni Sovyèt – яванская" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Uni Sovyèt" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="яванская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="საბჭოთა სოციალისტური რესპუბლიკების კავშირი – грузінская" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="საბჭოთა სოციალისტური რესპუბლიკების კავშირი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadukli_n_Tegdudiwin_Tinemlayin_Tisuvyitiyin" title="Tadukli n Tegdudiwin Tinemlayin Tisuvyitiyin – кабільская" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tadukli n Tegdudiwin Tinemlayin Tisuvyitiyin" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабільская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%8D_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%97%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%85%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Республикэ Совет Социал Зэгуэтхэр – кабардзінская" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Республикэ Совет Социал Зэгуэтхэр" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="кабардзінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muna%CC%B1pyia%CC%B1_Soviyet" title="Muna̱pyia̱ Soviyet – т’яп" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Muna̱pyia̱ Soviyet" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="т’яп" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D2%A3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B" title="Кеңестік Социалистік Республикалар Одағы – казахская" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кеңестік Социалистік Республикалар Одағы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%A0%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%9C%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%8F" title="សហភាពសូវៀត – кхмерская" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សហភាពសូវៀត" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="кхмерская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%92%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%9F" title="ಸೊವಿಯೆಟ್ ಒಕ್ಕೂಟ – канада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸೊವಿಯೆಟ್ ಒಕ್ಕೂಟ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="канада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EB%A0%A8" title="소련 – карэйская" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="소련" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="карэйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D1%83" title="Совет Социалист Республикаланы Союзу – карачай-балкарская" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Совет Социалист Республикаланы Союзу" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="карачай-балкарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%A4%D9%88%D9%90%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%90%D8%AA%D9%90%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%82" title="صؤوِت اِتِفاق – кашмірская" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="صؤوِت اِتِفاق" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="кашмірская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yek%C3%AEtiya_Komar%C3%AAn_Sovyet_%C3%AAn_Sosyal%C3%AEst" title="Yekîtiya Komarên Sovyet ên Sosyalîst – курдская" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Yekîtiya Komarên Sovyet ên Sosyalîst" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D3%A7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D3%A7%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D3%A7%D0%B9_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%BB%D3%A7%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7" title="Сӧветскӧй Социалистическӧй Республикаяслӧн Союз – комі" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Сӧветскӧй Социалистическӧй Республикаяслӧн Союз" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="комі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/URSS" title="URSS – корнская" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="URSS" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="корнская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D2%A3%D0%B5%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Кеңештер Бирлиги – кіргізская" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кеңештер Бирлиги" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="кіргізская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unio_Rerum_Publicarum_Sovieticarum_Socialisticarum" title="Unio Rerum Publicarum Sovieticarum Socialisticarum – лацінская" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Unio Rerum Publicarum Sovieticarum Socialisticarum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="лацінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_Sovyetika" title="Union Sovyetika – ладына" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Union Sovyetika" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ладына" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sowjetunioun" title="Sowjetunioun – люксембургская" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Sowjetunioun" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D3%80" title="Советрин Социализмдин Республикайрин ГалкӀ – лезгінская" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Советрин Социализмдин Республикайрин ГалкӀ" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="лезгінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni_de_Republicas_Sosialiste_Soviet" title="Uni de Republicas Sosialiste Soviet – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Uni de Republicas Sosialiste Soviet" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjet-Unie" title="Sovjet-Unie – лімбургская" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Sovjet-Unie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лімбургская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_Sovietica" title="Union Sovietica – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Union Sovietica" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_Sovietica" title="Union Sovietica – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Union Sovietica" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="выдатны артыкул"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_di_Republegh_Socialista_Sovietegh" title="Union di Republegh Socialista Sovietegh – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Union di Republegh Socialista Sovietegh" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%9A%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%BD%E0%BA%94" title="ສະຫະພາບໂຊວຽດ – лаоская" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ສະຫະພາບໂຊວຽດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="лаоская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet%C5%B3_S%C4%85junga" title="Sovietų Sąjunga – літоўская" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sovietų Sąjunga" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="літоўская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padomju_Savien%C4%ABba" title="Padomju Savienība – латышская" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Padomju Savienība" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%98" title="सोभियत सङ्घ – майтхілі" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="सोभियत सङ्घ" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="майтхілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Советонь Соткс – макшанская" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Советонь Соткс" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="макшанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firaisan%27_ny_Repoblika_S%C3%B4sialista_S%C3%B4vietika" title="Firaisan' ny Repoblika Sôsialista Sôvietika – малагасійская" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Firaisan' ny Repoblika Sôsialista Sôvietika" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагасійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA-%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%A3%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Совет Социализм Республик-влак Ушем – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Совет Социализм Республик-влак Ушем" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hononga_Howete" title="Hononga Howete – маары" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Hononga Howete" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="маары" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni_Soviet" title="Uni Soviet – мінангкабау" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Uni Soviet" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="мінангкабау" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%98%D1%83%D0%B7" title="Советски Сојуз – македонская" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Советски Сојуз" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BB" title="സോവിയറ്റ് യൂണിയൻ – малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സോവിയറ്റ് യൂണിയൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="выдатны артыкул"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D3%A9%D0%B2%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%BB%D1%82_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Зөвлөлт Холбоот Улс – мангольская" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Зөвлөлт Холбоот Улс" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="мангольская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%98" title="सोव्हिएत संघ – маратхі" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सोव्हिएत संघ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратхі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesatuan_Soviet" title="Kesatuan Soviet – малайская" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kesatuan Soviet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unjoni_Sovjetika" title="Unjoni Sovjetika – мальтыйская" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Unjoni Sovjetika" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="мальтыйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ounion_Sobi%C3%A9tica" title="Ounion Sobiética – мірандыйская" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ounion Sobiética" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="мірандыйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%97%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%91%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%AF_%E1%80%9E%E1%80%99%E1%80%B9%E1%80%99%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ဆိုဗီယက်ပြည်ထောင်စု သမ္မတနိုင်ငံ – бірманская" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆိုဗီယက်ပြည်ထောင်စု သမ္မတနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бірманская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C" title="شوروی – мазандэранская" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="شوروی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандэранская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aunione_Sovieteca" title="Aunione Sovieteca – неапалітанская" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Aunione Sovieteca" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="неапалітанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sowjetunion" title="Sowjetunion – ніжненямецкая" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Sowjetunion" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="ніжненямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjetuny" title="Sovjetuny – ніжнесаксонская" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Sovjetuny" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="ніжнесаксонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%98" title="सोभियत सङ्घ – непальская" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="सोभियत सङ्घ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjet-Unie" title="Sovjet-Unie – нідэрландская" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sovjet-Unie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нідэрландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjetunionen" title="Sovjetunionen – нарвежская (нюношк)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sovjetunionen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нарвежская (нюношк)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="выдатны артыкул"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjetunionen" title="Sovjetunionen – нарвежская (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sovjetunionen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="нарвежская (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unnion_Sovi%C3%A9tique" title="Unnion Soviétique – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Unnion Soviétique" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_de_las_Republicas_Socialistas_Sovieticas" title="Union de las Republicas Socialistas Sovieticas – аксітанская" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Union de las Republicas Socialistas Sovieticas" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="аксітанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nevvostoliitto" title="Nevvostoliitto – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Nevvostoliitto" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A6%C3%A6%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Советон Цæдис – асецінская" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Советон Цæдис" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="асецінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A4_%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A8" title="ਸੋਵੀਅਤ ਯੂਨੀਅਨ – панджабі" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੋਵੀਅਤ ਯੂਨੀਅਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панджабі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_Sovietiko" title="Union Sovietiko – пап’яменту" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Union Sovietiko" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="пап’яменту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/URSS" title="URSS – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="URSS" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Soviet Union" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwi%C4%85zek_Socjalistycznych_Republik_Radzieckich" title="Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich – польская" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_Sovi%C3%A9tica" title="Union Soviética – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Union Soviética" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86" title="سویت یونین – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سویت یونین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="شوروي اتحاد – пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="شوروي اتحاد" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni%C3%A3o_Sovi%C3%A9tica" title="União Soviética – партугальская" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="União Soviética" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="партугальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susyalista_Suwit_Ripuwlikakunap_Hu%C3%B1un" title="Susyalista Suwit Ripuwlikakunap Huñun – кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Susyalista Suwit Ripuwlikakunap Huñun" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniun_sovietica" title="Uniun sovietica – рэтараманская" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Uniun sovietica" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="рэтараманская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniunea_Republicilor_Sovietice_Socialiste" title="Uniunea Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste – румынская" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Uniunea Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Союз Советских Социалистических Республик – руская" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Союз Советских Социалистических Республик" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Союз Совітскых Соціалістічных Републик – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Союз Совітскых Соціалістічных Републик" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8D%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8D%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8B_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%83%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Сэбиэскэй Социалистыы Республикалар Сойуустара – якуцкая" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сэбиэскэй Социалистыы Республикалар Сойуустара" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="якуцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B4_%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B6%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ – санталі" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="санталі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unione_Sovietica" title="Unione Sovietica – сардзінская" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Unione Sovietica" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="сардзінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unioni_Suvi%C3%A8tica" title="Unioni Suviètica – сіцылійская" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Unioni Suviètica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сіцылійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union – шатландская" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Soviet Union" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шатландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AA_%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86" title="سوويت يونين – сіндхі" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سوويت يونين" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="сіндхі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjetlihttu" title="Sovjetlihttu – паўночнасаамская" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Sovjetlihttu" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="паўночнасаамская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjetski_Savez" title="Sovjetski Savez – сербскахарвацкая" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sovjetski Savez" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскахарвацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%9D%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BA" title="සෝවියට් සංගමය – сінгальская" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සෝවියට් සංගමය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сінгальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Soviet Union" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovietsky_zv%C3%A4z" title="Sovietsky zväz – славацкая" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sovietsky zväz" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="славацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86" title="سوویت یونین – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="سوویت یونین" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjetska_zveza" title="Sovjetska zveza – славенская" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sovjetska zveza" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="славенская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjetlitto" title="Sovjetlitto – інары-саамская" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Sovjetlitto" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="інары-саамская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midowga_Sofiyet" title="Midowga Sofiyet – самалі" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Midowga Sofiyet" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="самалі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bashkimi_Sovjetik" title="Bashkimi Sovjetik – албанская" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Bashkimi Sovjetik" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Совјетски Савез – сербская" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Совјетски Савез" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sowjetunion" title="Sowjetunion – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Sowjetunion" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni_Sovi%C3%A9t" title="Uni Soviét – сунда" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Uni Soviét" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сунда" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjetunionen" title="Sovjetunionen – шведская" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sovjetunionen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umoja_wa_Kisovyeti" title="Umoja wa Kisovyeti – суахілі" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Umoja wa Kisovyeti" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sojusz_Socjalistycznych_Sowjeckich_Republik" title="Sojusz Socjalistycznych Sowjeckich Republik – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Sojusz Socjalistycznych Sowjeckich Republik" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="சோவியத் ஒன்றியம் – тамільская" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சோவியத் ஒன்றியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамільская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="సోవియట్ యూనియన్ – тэлугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సోవియట్ యూనియన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="тэлугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%A8%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D3%A3" title="Иттиҳоди Шуравӣ – таджыкская" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Иттиҳоди Шуравӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджыкская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%95" title="สหภาพโซเวียต – тайская" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สหภาพโซเวียต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unyong_Sobyetiko" title="Unyong Sobyetiko – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Unyong Sobyetiko" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovet_Sosialist_Respublikon_Ibemon" title="Sovet Sosialist Respublikon Ibemon – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Sovet Sosialist Respublikon Ibemon" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovyetler_Birli%C4%9Fi" title="Sovyetler Birliği – турэцкая" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sovyetler Birliği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турэцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="Совет Социалистик Республикалар Берлеге – татарская" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Совет Социалистик Республикалар Берлеге" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0%D0%AD" title="ССРЭ – тувінская" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="ССРЭ" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="тувінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%B7%D1%8B" title="Советской Социалистической Республикаослэн Союззы – удмурцкая" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Советской Социалистической Республикаослэн Союззы" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="удмурцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DB%8B%DB%90%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%89%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%83_%D8%AC%DB%87%D9%85%DA%BE%DB%87%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95%D8%AA%D9%84%DB%95%D8%B1_%D8%A6%D9%89%D8%AA%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%89" title="سوۋېت سوتسىيالىستىك جۇمھۇرىيەتلەر ئىتتىپاقى – уйгурская" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="سوۋېت سوتسىيالىستىك جۇمھۇرىيەتلەر ئىتتىپاقى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="уйгурская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Союз Радянських Соціалістичних Республік – украінская" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Союз Радянських Соціалістичних Республік" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="سوویت اتحاد – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سوویت اتحاد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovet_Sotsialistik_Respublikalari_Ittifoqi" title="Sovet Sotsialistik Respublikalari Ittifoqi – узбекская" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sovet Sotsialistik Respublikalari Ittifoqi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_Sovi%C3%A8tega" title="Union Soviètega – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Union Soviètega" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nevondkundali%C5%BEiden_Socialisti%C5%BEiden_Tazovaldkundoiden_%C3%9Chti%C5%A1tuz" title="Nevondkundaližiden Socialistižiden Tazovaldkundoiden Ühtištuz – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Nevondkundaližiden Socialistižiden Tazovaldkundoiden Ühtištuz" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%AAn_X%C3%B4" title="Liên Xô – в’етнамская" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Liên Xô" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="в’етнамская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjet-Unie" title="Sovjet-Unie – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Sovjet-Unie" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovy%C3%A4tabalatam" title="Sovyätabalatam – валапюк" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Sovyätabalatam" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="валапюк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.R.S.S." title="U.R.S.S. – валонская" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="U.R.S.S." data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="валонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unyon_Sovyetika" title="Unyon Sovyetika – варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Unyon Sovyetika" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Yi_Benno" title="Soviet Yi Benno – валоф" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Soviet Yi Benno" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="валоф" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联 – ву" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="苏联" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoviet_Union" title="Isoviet Union – коса" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Isoviet Union" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="коса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A3" title="სხუნუეფიშ სოციალისტური რესპუბლიკეფიშ რსხუ – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სხუნუეფიშ სოციალისტური რესპუბლიკეფიშ რსხუ" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%98%D7%9F_%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%93" title="סאוועטן פארבאנד – ідыш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סאוועטן פארבאנד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="ідыш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Cs%E1%BB%8D%CC%80kan_S%C3%B3f%C3%AC%E1%BA%B9%CC%80t%C3%AC" title="Ìsọ̀kan Sófìẹ̀tì – ёруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìsọ̀kan Sófìẹ̀tì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="ёруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suhlienz" title="Suhlienz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Suhlienz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联 – кітайская" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="苏联" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кітайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF" title="蘇聯 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="蘇聯" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/So%CD%98-li%C3%A2n" title="So͘-liân – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="So͘-liân" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF" title="蘇聯 – кантонскі дыялект кітайскай" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="蘇聯" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонскі дыялект кітайскай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q15180#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Правіць міжмоўныя спасылкі" class="wbc-editpage">Правіць спасылкі</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Прасторы назваў"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Паказаць уласна змест старонкі [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Старонка</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" rel="discussion" title="Размовы пра змест гэтай старонкі [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Змяніць моўны варыянт" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">беларуская</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Віды"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA"><span>Чытаць</span></a></li><li id="ca-viewsource" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA&action=edit" title="Гэтая старонка ахоўваецца, але можна паглядзець яе зыходны тэкст. [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Паказаць зыходны тэкст</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA&action=history" title="Ранейшыя версіі гэтай старонкі. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Паказаць гісторыю</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Інструменты" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Інструменты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header 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vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA"><span>Чытаць</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-viewsource" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA&action=edit"><span>Паказаць зыходны тэкст</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA&action=history"><span>Паказаць гісторыю</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Агульныя </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:WhatLinksHere/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Спіс вікістаронак, якія спасылаюцца сюды [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Сюды спасылаюцца</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B0%25D1%258E%25D0%25B7_%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2586%25D0%25BA%25D1%2596%25D1%2585_%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D1%258B%25D1%258F%25D0%25BB%25D1%2596%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D1%258B%25D1%2587%25D0%25BD%25D1%258B%25D1%2585_%25D0%25A0%25D1%258D%25D1%2581%25D0%25BF%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25BB%25D1%2596%25D0%25BA"><span>Спампаваць QR-код</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Друк/экспарт </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7+%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85+%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA"><span>Стварыць кнігу</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA&action=show-download-screen"><span>Спампаваць як PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA&printable=yes" title="Друкавальная версія гэтай старонкі [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Для друку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> У іншых праектах </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA" hreflang="en"><span>Вікісховішча</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" hreflang="be"><span>Вікіцытатнік</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q15180" title="Спасылка на звязаны элемент рэпазітара даных [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Элемент Вікіданых</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Выгляд"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Выгляд</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">З Вікіпедыі, свабоднай энцыклапедыі</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Пасля перасылкі з <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="СССР">СССР</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="be" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox infobox-0e4fa2f10d51b234 vcard" style="min-width: 27em;" data-name="Гістарычная дзяржава"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;">Гістарычная дзяржава</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-above" style="background:#eaecf0;">Саюз Савецкіх Сацыялістычных Рэспублік</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><span data-wikidata-property-id="P1705" class="no-wikidata"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Руская мова">руск.</a>: <span style="font-style: italic;" lang="ru">Союз Советских Социалистических Республик</span></span></td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="text-align:center;"> <table style="background:inherit; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%; display:table; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle"><span data-wikidata-property-id="P94" class="no-wikidata"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1956%E2%80%931991).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Герб СССР" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281956%E2%80%931991%29.svg/90px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281956%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281956%E2%80%931991%29.svg/135px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281956%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281956%E2%80%931991%29.svg/180px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281956%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="587" data-file-height="605" /></a></span></span></td> <td style="vertical-align: middle"><span data-wikidata-property-id="P41" class="no-wikidata"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Сцяг СССР" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/160px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/240px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/320px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Герб СССР">Герб СССР</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%86%D1%8F%D0%B3_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Сцяг СССР">Сцяг СССР</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="text-align:center;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B7" title="Дэвіз">Дэвіз</a>: <i>«<b>«Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь!»</b> <br /> («<a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96_%D1%9E%D1%81%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD,_%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8F!" title="Пралетарыі ўсіх краін, яднайцеся!">Пралетарыі ўсіх краін, яднайцеся!</a>»)»</i></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="text-align:center;"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P85" class="no-wikidata"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BD" title="Дзяржаўны гімн">Гімн</a>: <i><span data-wikidata-property-id="P85" class="no-wikidata"><a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BD)" title="Інтэрнацыянал (гімн)">Інтэрнацыянал</a> (<a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a> – <a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Гімн СССР">Дзяржаўны гімн СССР</a> (<a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a> – <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a>)</span></i></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="text-align:center;"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P242" class="no-wikidata"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/380px-Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="380" height="380" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/570px-Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/760px-Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span><span data-wikidata-qualifier-id="P2096" class="media-caption" style="display:block">Карта СССР з <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#eaecf0;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:0.5em; text-align:left; width:4em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%A1%D0%A4%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="РСФСР"><</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%A1%D0%A4%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="РСФСР"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281918%E2%80%931925%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281918%E2%80%931925%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281918%E2%80%931925%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281918%E2%80%931925%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281918%E2%80%931925%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281918%E2%80%931925%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></span><br /><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="УССР"><</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="УССР"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919-1929%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919-1929%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919-1929%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919-1929%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919-1929%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919-1929%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></span><br /><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="БССР"><</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="БССР"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919%E2%80%931927%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919%E2%80%931927%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919%E2%80%931927%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919%E2%80%931927%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919%E2%80%931927%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919%E2%80%931927%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="150" /></a></span></span><br /><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%A1%D0%A4%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="ЗСФСР"><</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%A1%D0%A4%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="ЗСФСР"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div> <div style="float:right; margin-left:0.5em; text-align:right; width:4em;"><a href="#before-after">v</a></div> <div style="margin:0 4em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span data-wikidata-property-id="P571" class="no-wikidata"><a href="/wiki/30_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="30 снежня">30 снежня</a> <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a></span> —</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span data-wikidata-property-id="P576" class="no-wikidata"><a href="/wiki/25_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="25 снежня">25 снежня</a> <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a></span></span></div> <br style="clear: both" /></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Сталіца">Сталіца</a></th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P36" class="no-wikidata"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Масква">Масква</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Найбуйнейшыя гарады</th> <td class="plainlist"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Масква">Масква</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Санкт-Пецярбург">Ленінград</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%B5%D1%9E" title="Кіеў">Кіеў</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Ташкент">Ташкент</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83" title="Баку">Баку</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Харкаў">Харкаў</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Мінск">Мінск</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Ніжні Ноўгарад">Горкі</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Новасібірск">Новасібірск</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Свярдлоўск">Свярдлоўск</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Мова(ы)</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P2936" class="no-wikidata"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Руская мова">Руская</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D-%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Дэ-факта">дэ-факта</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Афіцыйная мова</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q15180$0451767a-4eee-8d06-d59d-e1f6ab2808fe" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P37"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Руская мова">руская</a></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Рэлігія">Рэлігія</a></th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q15180$cd3ab303-46db-d2ec-14c4-e4d6ca8bd8ab" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P3075"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">атэістычная дзяржава</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864936" class="extiw" title="d:Q864936">[d]</a></sup></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q15180$006e4079-4203-322e-967b-6387cb38dccc" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P3075"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Атэізм">атэізм</a></span></span> і <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q15180$5df1ecf0-4d0f-ca34-6242-b76d4d0bf1e3" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P3075"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Свецкая дзяржава">свецкая дзяржава</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-_19f03f402d47f294_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_19f03f402d47f294-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-_85d59702eecfc9b0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_85d59702eecfc9b0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15180#P3075" class="extiw" title="d:Q15180">[…]</a></sup></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Грашовая адзінка</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P38" class="no-wikidata"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Савецкі рубель">Савецкі рубель</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Плошча</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P2046" class="no-wikidata">22.402.200 км² (<a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a>)</span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Насельніцтва</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P1082" class="no-wikidata">293.047.571 чал. (<a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a>)</span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Форма кіравання</th> <td class="plainlist"> <div data-wikidata-property-id="P122" class="no-wikidata"> <p><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Аднапартыйная сістэма">Аднапартыйная</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Таталітарызм">таталітарная</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Дыктатура">дыктатура</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%9F%D0%A1%D0%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="КПСС">КПСС</a> </p> <hr /> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4310581">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Федэрацыя">Федэратыўная</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC-%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Марксізм-ленінізм">марксісцка-ленінісцкая</a> аднапартыйная парламенцкая сацыялістычная рэспубліка пад <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Сталінізм">сталінісцкай</a> таталітарнай дыктатурай<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />(1927–1953)</li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="Часавыя паясы">Часавыя паясы</a></th> <td class="plainlist"> +2…+12<sup id="cite_ref-time_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-time-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%9E%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8E" title="Дамен верхняга ўзроўню">Інтэрнэт-дамен</a></th> <td class="plainlist"> <a href="/wiki/.su" title=".su">.su</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#eaecf0;">Фактычны лідар краіны</th> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> • <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a> – <a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a></th> <td class="plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80_%D0%86%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Уладзімір Ільіч Ленін">Уладзімір Ільіч Ленін</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> • <a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a> – <a href="/wiki/1953" title="1953">1953</a></th> <td class="plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D1%84_%D0%92%D1%96%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Іосіф Вісарыёнавіч Сталін">Іосіф Вісарыёнавіч Сталін</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> • <a href="/wiki/1955" title="1955">1955</a> – <a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964</a></th> <td class="plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%A5%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%9E" title="Мікіта Сяргеевіч Хрушчоў">Мікіта Сяргеевіч Хрушчоў</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> • <a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964</a> – <a href="/wiki/1982" title="1982">1982</a></th> <td class="plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B4_%D0%86%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%91%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%9E" title="Леанід Ільіч Брэжнеў">Леанід Ільіч Брэжнеў</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> • <a href="/wiki/1982" title="1982">1982</a> – <a href="/wiki/1984" title="1984">1984</a></th> <td class="plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%AE%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Юрый Уладзіміравіч Андропаў">Юрый Уладзіміравіч Андропаў</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> • <a href="/wiki/1984" title="1984">1984</a> – <a href="/wiki/1985" title="1985">1985</a></th> <td class="plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Канстанцін Усцінавіч Чарненка">Канстанцін Усцінавіч Чарненка</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> • <a href="/wiki/1985" title="1985">1985</a> – <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a></th> <td class="plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%9E" title="Міхаіл Сяргеевіч Гарбачоў">Міхаіл Сяргеевіч Гарбачоў</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#eaecf0;">Гісторыя</th> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0;"> • <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/1917" title="1917">1917</a> - <a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a></span></th> <td class="plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%9E_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D1%96" title="Грамадзянская вайна ў Расіі">Грамадзянская вайна ў Расіі</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> • <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/30_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="30 снежня">30 снежня</a> <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a></span></th> <td class="plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дагавор аб стварэнні СССР (няма такой старонкі)">Стварэнне СССР</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> • <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/30_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="30 снежня">30 снежня</a> <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a> - <a href="/wiki/22_%D1%87%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="22 чэрвеня">22 чэрвеня</a> <a href="/wiki/1941" title="1941">1941</a></span></th> <td class="plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0_(1922_-_1953)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гісторыя СССР (1922 - 1953) (няма такой старонкі)">Даваенны перыяд</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> • <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/22_%D1%87%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="22 чэрвеня">22 чэрвеня</a> <a href="/wiki/1941" title="1941">1941</a> - <a href="/wiki/9_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="9 мая">9 мая</a> <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a></span></th> <td class="plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Вялікая Айчынная вайна">Вялікая Айчынная вайна</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> • <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/25_%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="25 лютага">25 лютага</a> <a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a></span></th> <td class="plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Хрушчоўская адліга">Хрушчоўская адліга</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> • <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/1970" title="1970">1970</a></span></th> <td class="plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Эпоха развітога сацыялізму (няма такой старонкі)">Эпоха развітога сацыялізму</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> • <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/23_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="23 красавіка">23 красавіка</a> <a href="/wiki/1985" title="1985">1985</a> - <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Снежань">снежань</a> <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a></span></th> <td class="plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0; border-bottom:0; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Перабудова">Перабудова</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> • <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/25_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="25 снежня">25 снежня</a> <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a></span></th> <td class="plainlist" style="padding-top:0; border-top:0;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Распад СССР">Распад СССР</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#eaecf0;"><cite id="before-after" style="font-style:normal">Папярэднікі і пераемнікі</cite></th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="text-align:center;text-align:left;"> <table style="display:table; margin:0; padding:0; table-layout:fixed; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding-left:0;"><b>Папярэднікі</b> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_(1918%E2%80%931925).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281918%E2%80%931925%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281918%E2%80%931925%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281918%E2%80%931925%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281918%E2%80%931925%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281918%E2%80%931925%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281918%E2%80%931925%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%A1%D0%A4%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="РСФСР">РСФСР</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1919-1929).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919-1929%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919-1929%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919-1929%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919-1929%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919-1929%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919-1929%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="960" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="УССР">УССР</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1919%E2%80%931927).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919%E2%80%931927%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919%E2%80%931927%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919%E2%80%931927%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919%E2%80%931927%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919%E2%80%931927%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281919%E2%80%931927%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="БССР">БССР</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Transcaucasian_SFSR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%A1%D0%A4%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="ЗСФСР">ЗСФСР</a></li></ul></td> <td style="padding-right:0;"><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Постсавецкая прастора">Дзяржавы пасля<br /> распаду СССР</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></b> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Азербайджан">Азербайджан</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Armenia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Арменія">Арменія</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Belarus_(1918,_1991%E2%80%931995).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Belarus_%281918%2C_1991%E2%80%931995%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belarus_%281918%2C_1991%E2%80%931995%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Belarus_%281918%2C_1991%E2%80%931995%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Belarus_%281918%2C_1991%E2%80%931995%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Belarus_%281918%2C_1991%E2%80%931995%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belarus_%281918%2C_1991%E2%80%931995%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Беларусь">Беларусь</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Georgia_(1990%E2%80%932004).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Georgia_%281990%E2%80%932004%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Georgia_%281990%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Georgia_%281990%E2%80%932004%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Georgia_%281990%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Georgia_%281990%E2%80%932004%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Georgia_%281990%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Грузія">Грузія</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан">Казахстан</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Кыргызстан">Кыргызстан</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Latvia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Латвія">Латвія</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Lithuania_(1988%E2%80%932004).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Flag_of_Lithuania_%281988%E2%80%932004%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Lithuania_%281988%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Flag_of_Lithuania_%281988%E2%80%932004%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Lithuania_%281988%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Flag_of_Lithuania_%281988%E2%80%932004%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Lithuania_%281988%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Літва">Літва</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Moldova.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/20px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/30px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/40px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Малдова">Малдова</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Russia_(1991%E2%80%931993).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Russia_%281991%E2%80%931993%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia_%281991%E2%80%931993%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Russia_%281991%E2%80%931993%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia_%281991%E2%80%931993%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Russia_%281991%E2%80%931993%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia_%281991%E2%80%931993%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Расія">Расія</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Таджыкістан">Таджыкістан</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Turkmenistan_1992.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Turkmenistan_1992.png/20px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan_1992.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Turkmenistan_1992.png/30px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan_1992.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Turkmenistan_1992.png/40px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan_1992.png 2x" data-file-width="572" data-file-height="286" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Туркменістан">Туркменістан</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Узбекістан">Узбекістан</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украіна">Украіна</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Estonia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Эстонія">Эстонія</a></li></ul></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;background:#eaecf0;"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="q15180$19DDE1D1-C918-4E12-81BB-82DC7381AF2C" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P373"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Soviet_Union" title="commons:Category:Soviet Union"><img alt="Лагатып Вікісховішча" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Soviet_Union" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Soviet Union">Медыяфайлы на Вікісховішчы</a></span></span></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Саюз Савецкіх Сацыялістычных Рэспублік</b> (<b>Савецкі Саюз</b>, <b>СССР</b>, <b>Саюз ССР</b>) — шматнацыянальная <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Сацыялізм">сацыялістычная</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Дзяржава">дзяржава</a>, якая існавала ў <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a>—<a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a> гадах на тэрыторыі паўночнай і цэнтральнай <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Еўразія">Еўразіі</a> (у <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Еўропа">еўрапейскай</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Азія">азіяцкай</a> частках) плошчай (пад канец свайго існавання) 22,4 млн км². Складаўся з саюзных рэспублік, якія паводле канстытуцыі з’яўляліся суверэннымі дзяржавамі. У склад асобных рэспублік уваходзілі аўтаномныя рэспублікі, краі, вобласці, аўтаномныя вобласці і аўтаномныя акругі. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Гісторыя"><span id=".D0.93.D1.96.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D1.8B.D1.8F"></span>Гісторыя</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Перадгісторыя"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B4.D0.B3.D1.96.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D1.8B.D1.8F"></span>Перадгісторыя</h3></div> <p>Яшчэ да звяржэння царызму ў палітычным спектры <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Расійская імперыя">Расіі</a> вызначылася некалькі кірункаў наконт будучага дзяржаўнага будаўніцтва. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Манархія">Манархісты</a> выступалі за непахіснасць асноў самадзяржаўя, захаванне адзінай і непадзельнай Расіі. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Лібералізм">Лібералы</a> абаранялі дзяржаўнае адзінства з магчымым культурна-нацыянальным самавызначэннем народаў. Сацыял-дэмакраты, найперш <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Бальшавікі">бальшавікі</a>, патрабавалі права нацый і народнасцей на самавызначэнне аж да аддзялення і ўтварэння нацыянальных дзяржаў. Аднак ажыццяўленне гэтага права бальшавікі разглядалі з пункту погляду класавай барацьбы <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D1%82" title="Пралетарыят">пралетарыяту</a>, паколькі лічылі, што буйныя цэнтралізаваныя дзяржавы забяспечваюць прастору для больш хуткага развіцця <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Капіталізм">капіталізму</a>, што набліжае сацыялістычную рэвалюцыю. Нацыям, якія пажадалі застацца ў цэнтралізаванай дзяржаве, бальшавікі абяцалі <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%9E%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Аўтаномія">аўтаномію</a>, хоць такія паўнамоцтвы ўяўляліся імі невыразна. Напачатку бальшавікі адмоўна ставіліся да ідэй федэралізму ў дзяржаўным будаўніцтве, хоць і дапускалі такую магчымасць. Неанародніцкія партыі (расійскія, украінскія эсэры, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_(1902)" class="mw-redirect" title="Беларуская сацыялістычная грамада (1902)">Беларуская сацыялістычная грамада</a> і інш.) выступалі за безумоўнае права на самавызначэнне, аднак спачатку бачылі Расійскую дзяржаву федэратыўнай <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Дэмакратыя">дэмакратычнай</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Рэспубліка">рэспублікай</a> з абласнымі (тэрытарыяльнымі) і нацыянальна-асобнымі (экстэрытарыяльнымі) аўтаноміямі. Нацыянальныя <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Сацыялізм">сацыялістычныя</a> партыі меркавалі аднесці да кампетэнцыі федэральнага цэнтра толькі знешнепалітычную дзейнасць, забеспячэнне функцыянавання адзінай грашовай сістэмы, кіраванне ваеннымі сіламі і <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Чыгуначны транспарт">чыгункай</a>. </p><p>Пасля <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Лютаўская рэвалюцыя">звяржэння самадзяржаўя ў сакавіку 1917</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D1%96" title="Часовы ўрад Расіі">Часовы ўрад</a> дэклараваў поўнае раўнапраўе грамадзян незалежна ад веравызнання і нацыянальнасці, скасаваў мяжу яўрэйскай аселасці, абяцаў свабоду развіцця моў. Нягледзячы на абвяшчэнне Расіі рэспублікай (верасень 1917), Часовы ўрад не збіраўся ажыццяўляць права самавызначэння народаў, што выклікала незадаволенасць нацыянал-дэмакратычных рухаў. У верасні 1917 ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%B5%D1%9E" title="Кіеў">Кіеве</a> адбыўся з’езд «народаў Расіі», скліканы Цэнтральнай украінскай радай, у якім прынялі ўдзел прадстаўнікі расійскіх і ўкраінскіх эсэраў, БСГ, грузінскіх, армянскіх сацыялістаў і інш. З’езд прагаласаваў за дзяржаўнае ўладкаванне Расіі ў выглядзе федэрацыі аўтаномных абласцей і нацый, палічыў асноўным дэфектам «празмерную цэнтралізацыю <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%9E%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Заканадаўчая ўлада">заканадаўчай</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%9E%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Выканаўчая ўлада">выканаўчай улады</a>». З’езд пастанавіў: незалежна ад склікання Усерасійскага Устаноўчага сейма склікаць мясцовыя нацыянальныя ўстаноўчыя сеймы, якія павінны вызначыць канкрэтныя формы сваіх адносін з цэнтральнымі органамі федэрацыі, а таксама ўнутраную арганізацыю аўтаномных устаноў канкрэтнага народа або вобласці. Аднак Часовы ўрад не прыслухаўся да патрабаванняў нацыянальных дзеячаў. Пасля перамогі <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Кастрычніцкая рэвалюцыя">Кастрычніцкай рэвалюцыі 1917</a> і пераходу ўлады да Саветаў, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9E_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Савет Народных Камісараў СССР">Саўнарком</a> прыняў Дэкларацыю правоў народаў Расіі, якая абвясціла роўнасць і суверэннасць усіх <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Народ">народаў</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Краіна">краіны</a>, права на свабоднае самавызначэнне аж да аддзялення і ўтварэння самастойных дзяржаў, адмену ўсіх нацыянальных і нацыянальна-рэлігійных прывілеяў і абмежаванняў, свабоднае развіццё <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Нацыянальная меншасць">нацыянальных меншасцей</a> і <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Этнаграфічная група (няма такой старонкі)">этнаграфічных груп</a>. Пад уплывам нацыянальна-вызваленчага руху бальшавікі змянілі сваё стаўленне да федэралісцкіх ідэй, але сталі разглядаць савецкі федэралізм як перахрдную форму да поўнага інтэрнацыянальнага адзінства працоўных. </p><p>III Усерасійскі з’езд Саветаў (студзень 1918) паклаў пачатак утварэнню <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Расійская Савецкая Федэратыўная Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Расійскай Савецкай Федэратыўнай Сацыялістычнай Рэспублікі (РСФСР)</a>. Аднак нацыянальна-дзяржаўнае будаўніцтва маладых рэспублік праходзіла ў вострай палітычнай барацьбе і мела 2 кірункі: савецкі і парламентарны (на ўзор Заходняй Еўропы). Стварэнне незалежных нацыянальных савецкіх рэспублік некаторыя бальшавіцкія кіраўнікі разглядалі як спосаб вырашэння часовых палітычных, у т.л. знешнепалітычных задач, каб, з аднаго боку, супрацьстаяць заходнім краінам, а з другога — нейтралізаваць мясцовыя «сепаратысцкія» намаганні нацыянальных дзеячаў. </p><p><a href="/wiki/1_%D1%87%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="1 чэрвеня">1 чэрвеня</a> <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919 г.</a> па ініцыятыве <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%9F%D0%A1%D0%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Цэнтральны Камітэт КПСС">ЦК РКП(б)</a> і прапановах ЦВК Украіны, Савета абароны Літвы і Беларусі, урада <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Латвійская Сацыялістычная Савецкая Рэспубліка">Савецкай Латвіі</a> быў прыняты Дэкрэт «Аб аб’яднанні савецкіх рэспублік: Расіі, Украіны, Латвіі, Літвы, Беларусі для барацьбы з сусветным <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Імперыялізм">імперыялізмам</a>». Ваенна-палітычны саюз дапамог савецкім рэспублікам выстаяць у <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%9E_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D1%96" title="Грамадзянская вайна ў Расіі">грамадзянскай вайне</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Інтэрвенцыя">ваеннай інтэрвенцыі 1918—20</a>, умацаваць уладу камуністам. 3 пераходам да мірнага будаўніцтва тэндэнцыя іх далейшага аб’яднання яшчэ больш узмацнілася. Аднак на шляхах нацыянальна-дзяржаўнага федэратыўнага ўсталявання вызначыліся супярэчнасці. 3 аднаго боку, рэспублікі былі фармальна незалежныя, як роўныя заключалі дагаворы з РСФСР, з другога — спробы цэнтралізацыі органаў кіравання прыводзілі да таго, што паўнамоцтвы РСФСР перавышалі паўнамоцтвы іншых савецкіх рэспублік, і такім чынам парушаліся падпісаныя двухбаковыя дагаворы. </p><p>У ходзе спрэчак у <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922 г.</a> пра тое, якім быць новаму Саюзу, выявіліся 2 пункты погляду: прапанова <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D1%84_%D0%92%D1%96%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Іосіф Вісарыёнавіч Сталін">І. Сталіна</a> ажыццявіць «<a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%9E%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Аўтаномія">аўтанамізацыю</a>» савецкіх рэспублік, г.зн. уключыць іх у склад РСФСР; ідэя <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80_%D0%86%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Уладзімір Ільіч Ленін">У. Леніна</a> ўтварыць новае дзяржаўнае федэратыўнае аб’яднанне — Саюз Савецкіх Сацыялістычных Рэспублік, у які ўваходзілі б на роўных правах усе савецкія рэспублікі. Разам з тым некаторыя партыйныя дзеячы ўбачылі ў ленінскім плане Саюза, ідэі <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Канфедэрацыя">канфедэрацыі</a>, а іншыя прапаноўвалі наогул скасаваць самастойнасць рэспублік. Але ў любым варыянце дзяржаўная ўлада павінна была належаць Камуністычнай партыі, якая будавалася паводле прынцыпу «дэмакратычнага цэнтралізму» і забяспечвала ўсебаковы кантроль за ўсімі сферамі грамадскага жыцця. У выніку пераважная большасць партыйных і савецкіх дзеячаў выказалася за ленінскі план. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Утварэнне_СССР"><span id=".D0.A3.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.8D.D0.BD.D0.BD.D0.B5_.D0.A1.D0.A1.D0.A1.D0.A0"></span>Утварэнне СССР</h3></div> <p>З’езды Саветаў <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Украінская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">УССР</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B7%E2%80%99%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Усебеларускія з’езды Саветаў">БССР</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Закаўказская Савецкая Федэратыўная Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">ЗСФСР</a> і X Усерасійскі з’езд Саветаў (снежань 1922) прызналі аб’яднанне савецкіх рэспублік у адзінай дзяржаве своечасовым. <a href="/wiki/30_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="30 снежня">30 снежня</a> <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a> I з’езд Саветаў СССР зацвердзіў Дэкларацыю аб утварэнні СССР<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, у якой былі сфармуляваны асноўныя прынцыпы аб’яднання рэспублік: раўнапраўе і добраахвотнасць уваходжання іх у Саюз ССР, права свабоднага выхаду з Саюза і доступ у яго новым савецкім сацыялістычным рэспублікам. З’езд зацвердзіў Дагавор аб утварэнні СССР, які прадугледжваў арганізацыю 10 саюзных наркаматаў, <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Вярхоўны Суд СССР">Вярхоўнага суда</a> і Аб’яднанага дзяржаўнага палітычнага ўпраўлення, вызначыў асновы ўзаемаадносін паміж вышэйшымі органамі ўлады СССР і саюзных рэспублік. Быў абраны вярхоўны орган улады Саюза ССР — <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%87%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Цэнтральны выканаўчы камітэт СССР">Цэнтральны Выканаўчы Камітэт</a> (ЦВК; старшыні М. Калінін, Р. Пятроўскі, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E" title="Аляксандр Рыгоравіч Чарвякоў">А. Чарвякоў</a>, Н. Нарыманаў). На 2-й сесіі ЦВК сфарміраваны ўрад СССР — <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9E_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Савет Народных Камісараў СССР">Савет Народных Камісараў (СНК)</a> на чале з У. Леніным. У снежні 1922, у склад СССР увайшлі РСФСР (афіцыйна абвешчана ў студзені 1918), УССР (снежань 1917), БССР (студзень 1919) і ЗСФСР (снежань 1922) у складзе <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Азербайджанская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Азербайджанскай ССР</a> (красавік 1920), <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Армянская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Армянскай ССР</a> (лістапад 1920) і <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Грузінская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Грузінскай ССР</a> (люты 1921). <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Канстытуцыя СССР">Першая Канстытуцыя СССР</a> (зацверджана 31 студзеня 1924 на II з’ездзе Саветаў СССР) дэкларавала працоўным краіны шырокія дэмакратычныя правы і свабоды, актыўны ўдзел у кіраўніцтве дзяржавай. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Даваенны_перыяд"><span id=".D0.94.D0.B0.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.BD.D1.8B_.D0.BF.D0.B5.D1.80.D1.8B.D1.8F.D0.B4"></span>Даваенны перыяд</h3></div> <p>У ходзе працэсу нацыянальна-дзяржаўнага будаўніцтва ў склад СССР 13 мая 1925 ўвайшлі <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Туркменская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Туркменская ССР</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Узбекская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Узбекская ССР</a> (утвораны 27 кстрычніка 1924), 5 снежня 1929 — <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Таджыкская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Таджыкская ССР</a> (утворана 16 кстрычніка 1929), 5 снежня 1936 — <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Казахская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Казахская ССР</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Кіргізская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Кіргізская ССР</a>, 31 сакавіка 1940 — <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Карэла-Фінская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Карэла-фінская ССР</a>, 2 жніўня 1940 — <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Малдаўская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Малдаўская ССР</a>, 3-6 жніўня 1940 — <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Літоўская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Літоўская ССР</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Латвійская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Латвійская ССР</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Эстонская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Эстонская ССР</a> (утвораны 21 ліпеня 1940). </p><p>Канстытуцыя СССР 1936 г. абмежавала паўнамоцтвы саюзных рэспублік. У ёй не было нават намёку на тое, што суб’екты СССР перадаюць значную частку паўнамоцгваў Саюзу, г.зн. дзейнічала не дагаворная, а канстытуцыйная норма. Павялічылася колькасць агульнасаюзных камісарыятаў. </p><p>Утварэнне СССР дало магчымасць сканцэнтраваць неабходныя сродкі для хуткага ажыццяўлення <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Індустрыялізацыя">індустрыялізацыі</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Калектывізацыя">калектывізацыі</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Сельская гаспадарка">сельскай гаспадаркі</a> і культурнага будаўніцтва. Гэта садзейнічала стварэнню буйнага эканамічнага патэнцыялу, які забяспечыў тэхніка-эканамічную незалежнасць дзяржавы. Хуткая суцэльная калектывізацыя <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%91%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Вёска">вёскі</a> дазволіла ўзяць у яе сродкі на патрэбы індустрыялізацыі і абароны. </p><p>Разам з тым камуністычная партыя кіравалася ідэямі «дзяржаўнага сацыялізму», што абумовіла далейшую цэнтралізацыю ўлады, абмежаванне паўнамоцгваў саюзных рэспублік, адзяржаўленне народнай гаспадаркі, згортванне эканамічна-матэрыяльных стымулаў. Стварэнне адміністрацыйна-каманднай сістэмы выклікала сур’ёзныя скажэнні ў грамадска-палітычным жыцці краіны, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%96%D1%96_%D1%9E_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Рэпрэсіі ў СССР">масавыя палітычныя рэпрэсіі</a> супраць грамадзян. Аднак нягледзячы на розныя хібы і дэфармацыі грамадства, за гады першых пяцігодак быў створаны магутны палітычны і сацыяльна-эканамічны патэнцыял. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="СССР_у_Другой_сусветнай_вайне"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.A1.D0.A1.D0.A0_.D1.83_.D0.94.D1.80.D1.83.D0.B3.D0.BE.D0.B9_.D1.81.D1.83.D1.81.D0.B2.D0.B5.D1.82.D0.BD.D0.B0.D0.B9_.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.B9.D0.BD.D0.B5"></span>СССР у Другой сусветнай вайне</h3></div> <div class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Асноўны артыкул: <b><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_1941-1945" class="mw-redirect" title="Вялікая Айчынная вайна 1941-1945">Вялікая Айчынная вайна 1941-1945</a></b></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Пасляваенны_перыяд"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.B0.D1.81.D0.BB.D1.8F.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.BD.D1.8B_.D0.BF.D0.B5.D1.80.D1.8B.D1.8F.D0.B4"></span>Пасляваенны перыяд</h3></div> <p>Пасля <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Другая сусветная вайна">Другой сусветнай вайны</a> міжнародная роля СССР значна вырасла. Савецкі Саюз з’яўляўся членам-заснавалььнікам <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%B1%E2%80%99%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Арганізацыя Аб’яднаных Нацый">Арганізацыі Аб’яднаных Нацый</a> (з красавіка 1945) і адньім з пастаянных членаў <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%91%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%90%D0%90%D0%9D" title="Савет Бяспекі ААН">Савета Бяспекі ААН</a>. Паводле рашэння Сан-Францыскай канферэнцыі 1945, скліканай з мэтай утварэння ААН, у лік краін-заснавальніц гэтай арганізацыі былі таксамаі ўключаны БССР і УССР. </p><p>Пасля вайны СССР здолеў параўнальна хутка аднавіць разбураную гаспадарку. </p><p>Важнай рысай у нацыянальна-дзяржаўнай палітыцьі ў 1950-я г. стала пашырэнне правоў і ініцыятыў саюзных рэспублік. У <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Май">маі</a> <a href="/wiki/1955" title="1955">1955 г.</a> быў зменены парадак планавання і фінансавання народнай гаспадаркі рэспублік СССР. Замест ранейшага парадку зацвярджэння ўрадам СССР дэталёвых паказчыкаў па развіцці рэспубліканскай <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Прамысловасць">прамысловасці</a>, сельскай гаспадаркі, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Культура">культуры</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%8F" title="Ахова здароўя">аховы здароўя</a> цяпер вызначаўся толькі агульны аб’ём валавой і таварнай прадукцыі, а таксама капіталаўкладанняў па саюзных рэепубліках. Канкрэтнае планаванне аб’ёму вытворчасці і капіталаўкладанняў па прадпрыемствах і ведамствах было перададзена ў распараджэнне рэспубліканскіх саветаў міністраў. Яны атрымалі права выкарыстоўваць дадаткова выяўленыя і атрыманыя пры выкананні рэспубліканскага бюджэту даходы на фінансаванне жыллёвай і камунальнай гаспадаркі, сацыяльна-культурных мерапрыемстваў. Пашырыліся таксама паўнамоцтвы саветаў міністраў саюзных рэспублік у кіраўніцтве прамысловасцю і будаўніцтвам. У распараджэнне рэспублік у <a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956 г.</a> перададзены функцыі па кіраўніцгве работай судовых устаноў і органаў юстыцыі. Аднак з пачатку <a href="/wiki/1970-%D1%8F" title="1970-я">1970-х г.</a> усё больш сталі выяўляцца адмоўныя рысы «дзяржаўнага сацыялізму» (абмежаванне <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Дэмакратыя">дэмакратыі</a>, адхіленне працоўных ад уласнасці і ўлады, парушэнні прынцыпаў сацыяльнай справядлівасці, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Бюракратыя">бюракратызацыя</a> дзяржаўнага апарату і інш.), што прывяло да паглыблення крызісных з’яў. У якасці прававой нормы ў арт. 6 Канстытуцыі СССР 1977 было замацавана, шго «кіруючай і накіроўваючай сілай савецкага грамадства, ядром яго палітычнай сістэмы, дзяржаўных і грамадскіх арганізацый з’яўляецца <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Камуністычная партыя Савецкага Саюза">Камуністычная партыя Савецкага Саюза</a>». Спробы паскорыць сацыяльна-эканамічнае развіццё на аснове канцэпцыі перабудовы (з сярэдзіны <a href="/wiki/1980-%D1%8F" title="1980-я">1980-х г.</a>) станоўчых вынікаў не прынеслі. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Распад_СССР"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.B0.D1.81.D0.BF.D0.B0.D0.B4_.D0.A1.D0.A1.D0.A1.D0.A0"></span>Распад СССР</h3></div> <div class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Асноўны артыкул: <b><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Распад СССР">Распад СССР</a></b></div> <p>У канцы 1980-х г узмацніліся цэнтрабежныя тэндэнцыі ў саюзных рэспубліках, іх імкненне да <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Суверэнітэт">суверэнітэту</a>. Прычыны будучага распаду СССР, якія намеціліся ў канцы 1980-х г., заключаліся ў абмежаванні паўнамоцтваў саюзных рэспублік, кансервацыі многіх адсталых форм арганізацыі грамадства (кланавасць, пратэкцыянізм, бюракратыя), дыктаце цэнтра ў эканамічным монаразвіцці без уліку асаблівасцей кожнай рэспублікі, перараджэнні партыйнай, дзяржаўнай і інтэлектуальнай <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Эліта">эліты</a> ў асобны клан <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Алігархія">алігархаў</a> на падставе першалачатковага назапашвання капіталу, скажэннях у духоўным жыцці народаў (уніфікацыя адукацыі і асветы, моўная <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_(%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Асіміляцыя (сацыялогія)">асіміляцыя</a>), наяўнасці нацыянальнага нігілізму пад сцягам барацьбы з <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Нацыяналізм">нацыяналізмам</a>, намаганнях Захаду да скасавання СССР як галоўнай перашкоды на шляху да распаўсюджання т.зв. «заходных каштоўнасцей», дапамозе заходных колаў групоўкам і плыням некамуністычнай скіраванасці, што тады дзейнічалі ў саюзных рэспубліках. Усё гэта паступова прыводзіла да радыкалізацыі палітыкі саміх саюзных рэспублік, якія бьілі незадаволены няўдалымі <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Рэформа (няма такой старонкі)">рэформамі</a>, няздольнасцю федэральнага цэнтра вырашаць складаныя праблемы. </p><p>У <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Сакавік">сакавіку</a> <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990 г.</a> Вярхоўны Савет Літвы абвясціў аб «аднаўленні незалежнасці літоўскай дзяржавы», скасаванні дзеяння Канстытуцыі Літоўскай ССР і Канстытуцыі СССР на тэрыторыі рэспублікі. У <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Красавік">красавіку</a> 1990 г. аб незалежнасці сваіх рэспублік заявілі Вярхоўныя Саветы Латвіі і Эстоніі. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Парад суверэнітэтаў">Працэс суверэнізацыі</a> закрануў і іншыя рэспублікі, хаця спачатку яны не заяўлялі аб выхадзе з СССР. <a href="/wiki/12_%D1%87%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="12 чэрвеня">12 чэрвеня</a> 1990 г. прыняў Дэкларацыю аб дзяржаўным суверэнітэце з’езд народных дэпутатаў Расійскай Федэрацыі. <a href="/wiki/16_%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="16 ліпеня">16 ліпеня</a> 1990 г. дакумент адпаведнай накіраванасці прыняў Вярхоўны Савет Украіны. <a href="/wiki/27_%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="27 ліпеня">27 ліпеня</a> 1990 г. <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Дэкларацыя аб дзяржаўным суверэнітэце Беларускай ССР">Дэкларацыю аб дзяржаўным суверэнітэце Беларускай Савецкай Сацыялістычнай Рэспублікі</a> зацвердзіў <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%91%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Вярхоўны Савет БССР">Вярхоўны Савет БССР</a>; яна абвясціла вяршэнства на тэрыторыі рэспублікі Канстытуцыі Беларускай ССР і яе <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0)" title="Закон (права)">законаў</a>. </p><p>У гэтых умовах кіраўніўцтва СССР паспрабавала распрацаваць праект новага саюзнага дагавора (лістапад 1990 г.). Аднак нават такая ініцыятыва цэнтра з боку кіраўнікоў суверэнных рэспублік шырокай падтрымкі не знайшла. IV з’езд народных дэпутатаў СССР (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Снежань">снежань</a> 1990 г.) прыняў рашэнне аб правядзенні <a href="/wiki/17_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="17 сакавіка">17 сакавіка</a> <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991 г.</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Рэферэндум аб захаванні СССР (няма такой старонкі)">Рэферэндуму аб захаванні СССР</a>. Улады <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Грузія">Грузіі</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Літва">Літвы</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Малдова">Малдовы</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Латвія">Латвіі</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Арменія">Арменіі</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Эстонія">Эстоніі</a> не выканалі рашэнні IV з’езда народных дэпутатаў СССР аб правядзенні рэферэндуму. У той жа час за захаванне СССР выказалася 76,4 % прагаласаваўшых. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82_%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%88%D1%87%D1%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Дзяржаўны камітэт па надзвычайнаму становішчу">Спроба групы партыйных і дзяржаўных кіраўнікоў у жніўні 1991 г. увесці надзвычайнае становішча</a> ў шэрагу рэгіёнаў СССР, выклікала адмоўную рэакцыю ў кіраўніцтве Расійскай Федэрацыі і іншых рэспублік. Урадамі і Вярхоўнымі Саветамі суверэнных рэспублік быў канчаткова ўзяты курс на незалежнасць. <a href="/wiki/8_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="8 снежня">8 снежня</a> <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a> г. лідары <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Беларусь">Беларусі</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%9E_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%A8%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87" title="Станіслаў Станіслававіч Шушкевіч">Станіслаў Шушкевіч</a>), <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украіна">Украіны</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Леанід Краўчук">Леанід Краўчук</a>) і <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Расія">Расіі</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81_%D0%95%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Барыс Ельцын">Барыс Ельцын</a>) у <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%88%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Белавежская пушча">Белавежскай пушчы</a> (у беларускай урадавай рэзідэнцыі Віскулі, Камянецкі раён) падпісалі пагадненне аб стварэнні Садружнасці Незалежных Дзяржаў (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="СНД">СНД</a>), у якім канстатавалі, што «Саюз ССР як суб’ект <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Міжнароднае права">міжнароднага права</a> і геапалітычная рэальнасць спыняе сваё існаванне». <a href="/wiki/10_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="10 снежня">10 снежня</a> 1991 г. Вярхоўныя Саветы Беларусі і Украіны, <a href="/wiki/12_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="12 снежня">12 снежня</a> 1991 г. <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A0%D0%A1%D0%A4%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Вярхоўны Савет РСФСР">Вярхоўны Савет РСФСР</a> ратыфікавалі Пагадненне аб стварэнні СНД і дэнансавалі Дагавор 1922 г. аб утварэнні СССР. <a href="/wiki/21_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="21 снежня">21 снежня</a> 1991 г. была прынята <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%90%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алма-Ацінская дэкларацыя (няма такой старонкі)">Алма-Ацінская дэкларацыя</a> кіраўнікоў 11 незалежных дзяржаў (Азербайджана, Арменіі, Беларусі, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан">Казахстана</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Кыргызстан">Кыргызстана</a>, Малдовы, Расіі, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Таджыкістан">Таджыкістана</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Туркменістан">Туркменістана</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Узбекістан">Узбекістана</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украіна">Украіны</a>), у якой зноў было сцверджана: «3 утварэннем Садружнасці Незалежных Дзяржаў, Саюз Савецкіх Сацыялістычных Рэспублік спыняе сваё існаванне». </p><p><a href="/wiki/26_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="26 снежня">26 снежня</a> <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a> г. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%92%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Савет Рэспублік Вярхоўнага Савета СССР (няма такой старонкі)">Савет Рэспублік Вярхоўнага Савета СССР</a> прыняў Дэкларацыю пра спыненне існавання СССР у сувязі са стварэннем <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="СНД">СНД</a>. Такім чынам СССР спыніў існаванне як суб’ект міжнароднага права. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Насельніцтва"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B0.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BB.D1.8C.D0.BD.D1.96.D1.86.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.B0"></span>Насельніцтва</h2></div> <div style="float:right;margin:0 0.5em 1em;" class="toccolours"></div> <div class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Асноўны артыкул: <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Насельніцтва СССР (няма такой старонкі)">Насельніцтва СССР</a></b></div> <p>Насельніцтва СССР у 1989 г. складала прыблізна 278 млн чалавек, што рабіла СССР адной з краін з самым вялікім насельніцтвам. Самым вялікім па-колькасці народам з’яўляліся рускія (каля 145 млн.), затым украінцы (каля 44 млн.) і ўзбекі (каля 16 млн.). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Тэрытарыяльны_падзел_СССР"><span id=".D0.A2.D1.8D.D1.80.D1.8B.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.8B.D1.8F.D0.BB.D1.8C.D0.BD.D1.8B_.D0.BF.D0.B0.D0.B4.D0.B7.D0.B5.D0.BB_.D0.A1.D0.A1.D0.A1.D0.A0"></span>Тэрытарыяльны падзел СССР</h2></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:USSR_Republics_de.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/USSR_Republics_de.png/425px-USSR_Republics_de.png" decoding="async" width="425" height="291" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/USSR_Republics_de.png/638px-USSR_Republics_de.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/USSR_Republics_de.png/850px-USSR_Republics_de.png 2x" data-file-width="1356" data-file-height="928" /></a><figcaption>Адміністрацыйна-тэрытарыяльны падзел СССР (1954—1991 гады)</figcaption></figure> <p>У <a href="/wiki/1954" title="1954">1954</a>—<a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a> гадах у Савецкі Саюз уваходзілі 15 саюзных Савецкіх Сацыялістычных Рэспублік (ССР): </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Армянская ССР">Армянская ССР</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Азербайджанская ССР">Азербайджанская ССР</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Беларуская ССР">Беларуская ССР</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Эстонская ССР">Эстонская ССР</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Грузінская ССР">Грузінская ССР</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Казахская ССР">Казахская ССР</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Кіргізская ССР">Кіргізская ССР</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Латвійская ССР">Латвійская ССР</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Літоўская ССР">Літоўская ССР</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Малдаўская ССР">Малдаўская ССР</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%A1%D0%A4%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="РСФСР">Расійская СФСР</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Таджыкская ССР">Таджыкская ССР</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Туркменская ССР">Туркменская ССР</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Украінская ССР">Украінская ССР</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Узбекская ССР">Узбекская ССР</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Кіраўнікі_СССР"><span id=".D0.9A.D1.96.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.9E.D0.BD.D1.96.D0.BA.D1.96_.D0.A1.D0.A1.D0.A1.D0.A0"></span>Кіраўнікі СССР</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Уладзімір Ленін">Уладзімір Ленін</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D1%84_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Іосіф Сталін">Іосіф Сталін</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="Мікіта Хрушчоў">Мікіта Хрушчоў</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B4_%D0%91%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="Леанід Брэжнеў">Леанід Брэжнеў</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%AE%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="Юрый Андропаў">Юрый Андропаў</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Канстанцін Усцінавіч Чарненка">Канстанцін Чарненка</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="Міхаіл Гарбачоў">Міхаіл Гарбачоў</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Гл._таксама"><span id=".D0.93.D0.BB._.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BA.D1.81.D0.B0.D0.BC.D0.B0"></span>Гл. таксама</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81" title="Гома саветыкус">Гома саветыкус</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/II_%D0%B7%E2%80%99%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E_%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%96" title="II з’езд Саветаў Заходняй вобласці">II з’езд Саветаў Заходняй вобласці</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IV_%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B7%E2%80%99%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="IV Усебеларускі з’езд Саветаў">IV Усебеларускі з’езд Саветаў</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VI_%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B7%E2%80%99%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="VI Усебеларускі з’езд Саветаў">VI Усебеларускі з’езд Саветаў</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%BC_%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Сепаратызм у СССР">Сепаратызм у СССР</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Самвыдат">Самвыдат</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%87%D1%8B_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%85_%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Праваабарончы рух у СССР">Праваабарончы рух у СССР</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Маральны кодэкс будаўніка камунізму">Маральны кодэкс будаўніка камунізму</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Зноскі"><span id=".D0.97.D0.BD.D0.BE.D1.81.D0.BA.D1.96"></span>Зноскі</h2></div> <div class="reflist columns" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D-%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Дэ-юрэ">Дэ-юрэ</a> ў СССР да <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a> года не было афіцыйнай мовы. Руская мова фактычна з'яўлялася асноўнай мовай. Закон СССР ад <a href="/wiki/24_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="24 красавіка">24 красавіка</a> 1990 «Аб мовах народаў СССР» вызначыў рускую мову афіцыйнай мовай СССР.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hough, Jerry F. "The ‘Dark Forces," the Totalitarian Model, and Soviet History." The Russian Review, vol. 46, no. 4, 1987, pp. 397–403</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bergman, Jay. "Was the Soviet Union Totalitarian? The View of Soviet Dissidents and the Reformers of the Gorbachev Era." Studies in East European Thought, vol. 50, no. 4, 1998, pp. 247–281.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-time-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-time_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">на тэрыторыі СССР дзейнічаў <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дэкрэтны час (няма такой старонкі)">дэкрэтны час</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Пералічаны толькі дзяржавы — былыя саюзныя рэспублікі, якія цяпер — члены ААН. Дзяржавай-прадаўжальніцай СССР з'яўляецца Расійская Федэрацыя</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_19f03f402d47f294-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-_19f03f402d47f294_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/russian/const/36cons04.html">http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/russian/const/36cons04.html</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div style="display:none"></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_85d59702eecfc9b0-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-_85d59702eecfc9b0_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/russian/const/77cons02.html">http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/russian/const/77cons02.html</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div style="display:none"></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.1000dokumente.de/index.html?c=dokument_ru&dokument=0004_uni&object=facsimile&pimage=1&v=100&nav=&l=ru">Дэкларацыя</a></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Літаратура"><span id=".D0.9B.D1.96.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Літаратура</h2></div> <table class="metadata plainlinks navigation-box bewikiWikimediaNavigation" style="margin:0 0 1em 1em; clear:right; border:solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) 1px; background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:inherit; padding:1ex; font-size:90%; float:right;"> <tbody><tr> <th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://be.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="q:Саюз Савецкіх Сацыялістычных Рэспублік"><img alt="q:" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/30px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/45px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/60px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span> </th> <td><span class="wikiquote-ref"><a href="https://be.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" class="extiw" title="q:Саюз Савецкіх Сацыялістычных Рэспублік">Саюз Савецкіх Сацыялістычных Рэспублік</a></span> у <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Вікіцытатнік">Вікіцытатніку</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Soviet_Union" title="commons:Category:Soviet Union"><img alt="commons:" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </th> <td><span class="wikicommons-ref"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Soviet_Union?uselang=be">Саюз Савецкіх Сацыялістычных Рэспублік</a></span> на <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%88%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Вікісховішча">Вікісховішчы</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <ul><li>История России. XX век: в 2-х т. / отв.ред. А. Б. Зубов. — Москва : АСТ, 2009. — Т. I. 1894—1939 гг. — 1024 с.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4785216">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Азербайджанская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Азербайджанская ССР</a><span style="font-weight:bold"> · </span><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Армянская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Армянская ССР</a><span style="font-weight:bold"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Беларуская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Беларуская ССР</a><span style="font-weight:bold"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Грузінская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Грузінская ССР</a><span style="font-weight:bold"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Казахская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Казахская ССР</a><span style="font-weight:bold"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Кіргізская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Кіргізская ССР</a><span style="font-weight:bold"> · </span><br /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Латвійская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Латвійская ССР</a><span style="font-weight:bold"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Літоўская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Літоўская ССР</a><span style="font-weight:bold"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Малдаўская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Малдаўская ССР</a><span style="font-weight:bold"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Расійская Савецкая Федэратыўная Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Расійская СФСР</a><span style="font-weight:bold"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Таджыкская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Таджыкская ССР</a><span style="font-weight:bold"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Туркменская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Туркменская ССР</a><span style="font-weight:bold"> · </span><br /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Узбекская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Узбекская ССР</a><span style="font-weight:bold"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Украінская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Украінская ССР</a><span style="font-weight:bold"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Эстонская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Эстонская ССР</a> </p> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Карэла-Фінская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Карэла-Фінская ССР</a> (1940—1956)<span style="font-weight:bold"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Закаўказская Сацыялістычная Федэратыўная Савецкая Рэспубліка">Закаўказская СФСР</a> (1922—1936) </p> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4785216"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Арганізацыя_Варшаўскага_дагавора" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Арганізацыя_Варшаўскага_дагавора" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Варшаўскі дагавор">Арганізацыя Варшаўскага дагавора</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div class="NavContent"> <p><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Albania_(1946%E2%80%931992).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Албаніі (1946-1992)"><img alt="Сцяг Албаніі (1946-1992)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_Albania_%281946%E2%80%931992%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_Albania_%281946%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_Albania_%281946%E2%80%931992%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_Albania_%281946%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_Albania_%281946%E2%80%931992%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_Albania_%281946%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="700" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Народная Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка Албанія">Албанія</a> (да 1968) | <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Bulgaria_(1971%E2%80%931990).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Балгарыі (1971-1991)"><img alt="Сцяг Балгарыі (1971-1991)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Народная Рэспубліка Балгарыя">Балгарыя</a> | <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Hungary.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Венгрыі"><img alt="Сцяг Венгрыі" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/25px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/38px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/50px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Венгерская Народная Рэспубліка">Венгрыя</a> | <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_East_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг ГДР"><img alt="Сцяг ГДР" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/25px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/38px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/50px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Германская Дэмакратычная Рэспубліка">ГДР</a> (з 1956) | <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Poland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Польшчы"><img alt="Сцяг Польшчы" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/25px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/38px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/50px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Польская Народная Рэспубліка">Польшча</a> | <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Romania_(1965%E2%80%931989).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Румыніі (1965-1989)"><img alt="Сцяг Румыніі (1965-1989)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_Romania_%281965%E2%80%931989%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_Romania_%281965%E2%80%931989%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_Romania_%281965%E2%80%931989%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_Romania_%281965%E2%80%931989%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_Romania_%281965%E2%80%931989%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_Romania_%281965%E2%80%931989%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка Румынія">Румынія</a> | <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг СССР"><img alt="Сцяг СССР" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">СССР</a> | <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Чэхіі"><img alt="Сцяг Чэхіі" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Чэхаславакія">Чэхаславакія</a> </p> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4785216"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="22px_Савет_эканамічнай_узаемадапамогі_(1949—1991)" data-name="СЭУ" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><span class="navbox-gear" style="float:left;text-align:left;width:5em;margin-right:0.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%A1%D0%AD%D0%A3" title="Прагляд гэтага шаблона"><img alt="⛭" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/14px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/21px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/28px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14" /></a></span></span><div id="22px_Савет_эканамічнай_узаемадапамогі_(1949—1991)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Comecon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Comecon.svg/22px-Flag_of_Comecon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Comecon.svg/33px-Flag_of_Comecon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Comecon.svg/44px-Flag_of_Comecon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96" title="Савет эканамічнай узаемадапамогі">Савет эканамічнай узаемадапамогі</a> (1949—1991)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Краіны-члены</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div style="padding-left:5px; padding-right:8px; text-align:justify;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Albania_(1946%E2%80%931992).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Албанія"><img alt="Албанія" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_Albania_%281946%E2%80%931992%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Albania_%281946%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_Albania_%281946%E2%80%931992%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Albania_%281946%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_Albania_%281946%E2%80%931992%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Albania_%281946%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Народная Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка Албанія">Албанія</a> <small>(да 1964)</small> • <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Bulgaria_(1948%E2%80%931967).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Балгарыя"><img alt="Балгарыя" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281948%E2%80%931967%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281948%E2%80%931967%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281948%E2%80%931967%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281948%E2%80%931967%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281948%E2%80%931967%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281948%E2%80%931967%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Народная Рэспубліка Балгарыя">Балгарыя</a> • <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Hungary_(1949-1956).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Венгрыя"><img alt="Венгрыя" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Hungary_%281949-1956%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hungary_%281949-1956%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Hungary_%281949-1956%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hungary_%281949-1956%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Hungary_%281949-1956%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hungary_%281949-1956%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Венгерская Народная Рэспубліка">Венгрыя</a> • <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Vietnam.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="В’етнам"><img alt="В’етнам" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/22px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/33px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/44px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%27%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="В'етнам">В'етнам</a> <small>(з 1978)</small> • <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_East_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Германская Дэмакратычная Рэспубліка"><img alt="Германская Дэмакратычная Рэспубліка" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Германская Дэмакратычная Рэспубліка">ГДР</a> <small>(1950—1990)</small> • <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Cuba.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Куба"><img alt="Куба" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/22px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/33px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/44px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Куба">Куба</a> <small>(з 1970)</small> • <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_(1945%E2%80%931992).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Мангольская Народная Рэспубліка"><img alt="Мангольская Народная Рэспубліка" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Mongolian_People%27s_Republic_%281945%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Мангольская Народная Рэспубліка">Манголія</a> <small>(з 1960)</small> • <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Poland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Польшча"><img alt="Польшча" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Польская Народная Рэспубліка">Польшча</a> • <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Romania_(1948%E2%80%931952).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Румынія"><img alt="Румынія" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Romania_%281948%E2%80%931952%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Romania_%281948%E2%80%931952%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Romania_%281948%E2%80%931952%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Romania_%281948%E2%80%931952%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Romania_%281948%E2%80%931952%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Romania_%281948%E2%80%931952%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка Румынія">Румынія</a> • <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Саюз Савецкіх Сацыялістычных Рэспублік"><img alt="Саюз Савецкіх Сацыялістычных Рэспублік" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">СССР</a> • <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Чэхаславакія"><img alt="Чэхаславакія" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Чэхаславацкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка">Чэхаславакія</a></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Асацыяваны член</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div style="padding-left:5px; padding-right:8px; text-align:justify;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Yugoslavia_(1946-1992).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сацыялістычная Федэратыўная Рэспубліка Югаславія"><img alt="Сацыялістычная Федэратыўная Рэспубліка Югаславія" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%AE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Сацыялістычная Федэратыўная Рэспубліка Югаславія">Югаславія</a> <small>(з 1964)</small></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Краіны-назіральніцы</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div style="padding-left:5px; padding-right:8px; text-align:justify;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Angola.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ангола"><img alt="Ангола" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/22px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/33px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/44px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Народная Рэспубліка Ангола (няма такой старонкі)">Ангола</a> <small>(з 1976)</small> • <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Afghanistan_(1987%E2%80%931992).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Афганістан"><img alt="Афганістан" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281987%E2%80%931992%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281987%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281987%E2%80%931992%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281987%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281987%E2%80%931992%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281987%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дэмакратычная Рэспубліка Афганістан">Афганістан</a> <small>(з 1986)</small> • <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Iraq_(1963%E2%80%931991).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Iraq_%281963%E2%80%931991%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq_%281963%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Iraq_%281963%E2%80%931991%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Iraq_%281963%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Iraq_%281963%E2%80%931991%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Iraq_%281963%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Ірак">Ірак</a> <small>(з 1975)</small> • <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Народная Дэмакратычная Рэспубліка Емен"><img alt="Народная Дэмакратычная Рэспубліка Емен" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Народная Дэмакратычная Рэспубліка Емен">НДРЕмен</a> <small>(з 1986)</small> • <span class="flagicon" style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Кітай"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Кітай">КНР</a> <small>(да 1961)</small> • <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_North_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Карэйская Народна-Дэмакратычная Рэспубліка"><img alt="Карэйская Народна-Дэмакратычная Рэспубліка" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/22px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/33px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/44px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Карэйская Народна-Дэмакратычная Рэспубліка">КНДР</a> <small>(з 1956)</small> • <span class="flagicon" style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Мексіка"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/22px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/33px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/44px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Мексіка">Мексіка</a> <small>(з 1975)</small> • <span class="flagicon" style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B0" title="Нікарагуа"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/22px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/44px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B0" title="Нікарагуа">Нікарагуа</a> <small>(з 1984)</small> • <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Laos.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Лаос"><img alt="Лаос" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/22px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/33px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/44px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Лаоская Народна-Дэмакратычная Рэспубліка">Лаос</a> <small>(з 1986)</small> • <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Mozambique.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Мазамбік"><img alt="Мазамбік" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/22px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/33px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/44px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Народная Рэспубліка Мазамбік (няма такой старонкі)">Мазамбік</a> <small>(з 1985)</small> • <span class="flagicon" style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Фінляндыя"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Фінляндыя">Фінляндыя</a> <small>(з 1973)</small> • <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Ethiopia_1975.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Эфіопія"><img alt="Эфіопія" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Ethiopia_1975.gif/22px-Flag_of_Ethiopia_1975.gif" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Ethiopia_1975.gif/33px-Flag_of_Ethiopia_1975.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Ethiopia_1975.gif/44px-Flag_of_Ethiopia_1975.gif 2x" data-file-width="357" data-file-height="213" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%AD%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Народна-Дэмакратычная Рэспубліка Эфіопія">Эфіопія</a> <small>(з 1986)</small></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Апарат і дакументы</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%AD%D0%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нарада праўдстаўнікоў краін СЭУ (няма такой старонкі)">Нарада праўдстаўнікоў краін</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%87%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%AD%D0%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Выканаўчы камітэт СЭУ (няма такой старонкі)">Выканаўчы камітэт</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%AD%D0%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Статут СЭУ (няма такой старонкі)">Статут</a> • «<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BF%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Асноўныя прынцыпы міжнароднага сацыялістычнага падзелу працы (няма такой старонкі)">Асноўныя прынцыпы міжнароднага сацыялістычнага падзелу працы</a>» • «<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%86%D1%86%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD_%E2%80%94_%D1%87%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E_%D0%A1%D0%AD%D0%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Комплексная праграма развіцця сацыялістычнай эканамічнай інтэграцыі краін — членаў СЭУ (няма такой старонкі)">Комплексная праграма развіцця сацыялістычнай эканамічнай інтэграцыі краін — членаў СЭУ</a>»</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Субарганізацыі</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%83_%D1%9E_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BF%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Арганізацыя па супрацоўніцтву ў шарыкападшыпнікавай прамысловасці (няма такой старонкі)">Арганізацыя па супрацоўніцтву ў шарыкападшыпнікавай прамысловасці</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%83_%D1%9E_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%96_%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Арганізацыя па супрацоўніцтву ў вобласці хімічнай прамысловасці (няма такой старонкі)">Інтэрхім</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Міжнародны банк эканамічнага супрацоўніцтва (няма такой старонкі)">Міжнародны банк эканамічнага супрацоўніцтва</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Арганізацыя супрацоўніцтва чыгунак (няма такой старонкі)">Арганізацыя супрацоўніцтва чыгунак</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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href="http://www.enciclopedia.cat/enciclopedies/gran-enciclopedia-catalana/EC-GEC-0068465.xml">Вялікая каталанская</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snl.no/Sovjetunionen">Вялікая нарвежская</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/4245858">Вялікая расійская (старая версія)</a> · <a href="https://be.wikisource.org/wiki/ru:%D0%91%D0%A1%D0%AD1/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA" class="extiw" title="s:ru:БСЭ1/Союз Советских Социалистических Республик">Вялікая савецкая (1 выд.)</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eleven.co.il/article/13879">Кароткая яўрэйская</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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href="https://be.wikisource.org/wiki/ru:%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%93/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA" class="extiw" title="s:ru:ЭСГ/Союз Советских Социалистических Республик">Гранат</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3748793">.mw-parser-output .ts-navbox-plaintitle{font-size:100%!important;margin:0 6em!important}</style></div><table class="nowraplinks authoritycontrol collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Нарматыўны_кантроль" class="ts-navbox-plaintitle" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Нарматыўны кантроль">Нарматыўны кантроль</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Нацыянальная бібліятэка Францыі">BNF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11865668d">11865668d</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4077548-3">4077548-3</a> · <span title="Міжнародны ідэнтыфікатар стандартных найменняў" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">ISNI</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni-url.oclc.nl/isni/0000000123751518">0000000123751518</a> · <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%91%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Кантрольны нумар Бібліятэкі Кангрэса">LCCN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80126312">n80126312</a> · <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96" title="Нацыянальная парламенцкая бібліятэка Японіі">NDL</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00743732">00743732</a> · <span title="Нацыянальная бібліятэка Чэхіі" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">NKC</span>: <a rel="nofollow" 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