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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historical_descriptions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historical_descriptions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Historical descriptions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historical_descriptions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Local_points_of_interest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_points_of_interest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Local points of interest</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_points_of_interest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twinning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twinning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Twinning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twinning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Welwyn</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox 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Available in 15 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%86" title="ولوين – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ولوين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welwyn_(lungsod)" title="Welwyn (lungsod) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Welwyn (lungsod)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welwyn" title="Welwyn – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Welwyn" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welwyn_(Hertfordshire)" title="Welwyn (Hertfordshire) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Welwyn (Hertfordshire)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welwyn" title="Welwyn – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Welwyn" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86" title="ولوین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ولوین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welwyn" title="Welwyn – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Welwyn" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welwyn" title="Welwyn – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Welwyn" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%86" title="ولوين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ولوين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welwyn" title="Welwyn – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Welwyn" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welwyn" title="Welwyn – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Welwyn" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welwyn" title="Welwyn – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Welwyn" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welwyn" title="Welwyn – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Welwyn" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welwyn" title="Welwyn – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Welwyn" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welwyn" title="Welwyn – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Welwyn" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1972764#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Welwyn" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1972764" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance 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class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Welwyn&params=51.831_N_0.215_W_region:GB_type:city(8425)"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°49′52″N</span> <span class="longitude">0°12′54″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.831°N 0.215°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.831; -0.215</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Village in Hertfordshire, England</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Welwyn_Garden_City" title="Welwyn Garden City">Welwyn Garden City</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Welwyn_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Welwyn (disambiguation)">Welwyn (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Human settlement in England</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1165525471">.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-label{width:40%}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-above{font-size:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place-other-names{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place td,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}</style><table class="infobox ib-uk-place vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org nowrap">Welwyn</th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:St_Mary_the_Virgin,_Welwyn,_Herts_-_geograph.org.uk_-_348869.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/St_Mary_the_Virgin%2C_Welwyn%2C_Herts_-_geograph.org.uk_-_348869.jpg/240px-St_Mary_the_Virgin%2C_Welwyn%2C_Herts_-_geograph.org.uk_-_348869.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/St_Mary_the_Virgin%2C_Welwyn%2C_Herts_-_geograph.org.uk_-_348869.jpg/360px-St_Mary_the_Virgin%2C_Welwyn%2C_Herts_-_geograph.org.uk_-_348869.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/St_Mary_the_Virgin%2C_Welwyn%2C_Herts_-_geograph.org.uk_-_348869.jpg/480px-St_Mary_the_Virgin%2C_Welwyn%2C_Herts_-_geograph.org.uk_-_348869.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="425" /></a></span><div>St Mary the Virgin, Welwyn</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hertfordshire_UK_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Welwyn is located in Hertfordshire"><img alt="Welwyn is located in Hertfordshire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Hertfordshire_UK_location_map.svg/240px-Hertfordshire_UK_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Hertfordshire_UK_location_map.svg/360px-Hertfordshire_UK_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Hertfordshire_UK_location_map.svg/480px-Hertfordshire_UK_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="992" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:51.8%;left:50.87%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Welwyn"><img alt="Welwyn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Welwyn</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within <a href="/wiki/Hertfordshire" title="Hertfordshire">Hertfordshire</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">8,425 (2011 Census)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey_National_Grid" title="Ordnance Survey National Grid">OS grid reference</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bing.com/maps/?mkt=en-gb&v=2&cp=51.833679~-0.223570&lvl=13&sp=Point.51.833679_-0.223570_Welwyn&sty=s&style=s">TL225165</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Civil_parish" title="Civil parish">Civil parish</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Welwyn <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_England" title="Districts of England">District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welwyn_Hatfield" title="Welwyn Hatfield">Welwyn Hatfield</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_and_non-metropolitan_counties_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties of England">Shire county</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hertfordshire" title="Hertfordshire">Hertfordshire</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_England" title="Regions of England">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_of_England" title="East of England">East</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow adr"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="country-name"><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign state</a></th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Post_town" title="Post town">Post town</a></th><td class="infobox-data">WELWYN</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postcodes_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Postcodes in the United Kingdom">Postcode district</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/AL_postcode_area" title="AL postcode area">AL6</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom">Dialling code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">01438</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom,_Crown_Dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories" title="List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories">Police</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hertfordshire_Constabulary" title="Hertfordshire Constabulary">Hertfordshire</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Fire_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Fire services in the United Kingdom">Fire</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hertfordshire_Fire_and_Rescue_Service" title="Hertfordshire Fire and Rescue Service">Hertfordshire</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom">Ambulance</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/East_of_England_Ambulance_Service" title="East of England Ambulance Service">East of England</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Constituencies_of_the_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom">UK Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welwyn_Hatfield_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Welwyn Hatfield (UK Parliament constituency)">Welwyn Hatfield</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">List of places</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_locations" title="List of United Kingdom locations">UK</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_England" title="List of places in England">England</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Hertfordshire" title="List of places in Hertfordshire">Hertfordshire</a></dd></dl></div> <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Welwyn&params=51.831_N_0.215_W_region:GB_type:city(8425)"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°49′52″N</span> <span class="longitude">0°12′54″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.831°N 0.215°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.831; -0.215</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Welwyn</b> <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'w' in 'wind'">w</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/d\/d5\/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-Welwyn.wav\/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-Welwyn.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-Welwyn.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-Welwyn.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-Welwyn.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-Welwyn.wav" title="File:LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-Welwyn.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span> is a village and <a href="/wiki/Civil_parishes_in_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil parishes in England">civil parish</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hertfordshire" title="Hertfordshire">Hertfordshire</a>, England. The parish also includes the villages of <a href="/wiki/Digswell" title="Digswell">Digswell</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oaklands,_Hertfordshire" title="Oaklands, Hertfordshire">Oaklands</a>. It is sometimes referred to as <b>Old Welwyn</b> or <b>Welwyn Village</b>, to distinguish it from the much newer and larger settlement of <a href="/wiki/Welwyn_Garden_City" title="Welwyn Garden City">Welwyn Garden City</a>, about a mile to the south. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Welwyn&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name is derived from Old English <i>welig</i> meaning "willow", referring to the trees that nestle on the banks of the River <a href="/wiki/Mimram" class="mw-redirect" title="Mimram">Mimram</a> as it flows through the village. The name itself is an evolution from <i>weligun</i>, the dative form of the word, and so is more precisely translated as "at the willows", unlike nearby <a href="/wiki/Willian,_Hertfordshire" title="Willian, Hertfordshire">Willian</a> which is likely to mean simply "the willows".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Through having its name derived from <i>welig</i> rather than <i>sealh</i> (the more commonly cited Old English word for <i>willow</i>), <i>Welwyn</i> is possibly cognate with <i><a href="/wiki/Heligan_estate" title="Heligan estate">Heligan</a></i> in Cornwall whose name is derived from <i>helygen</i>, the Cornish word for <i>willow</i> that shares a root with <i>welig</i>. </p><p>The nearby modern village of <a href="/wiki/Digswell" title="Digswell">Digswell</a> (around Welwyn North railway station) was originally called 'High Welwyn' when first developed at the beginning of the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Welwyn&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Welwyn" title="Special:EditPage/Welwyn">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Welwyn%22">"Welwyn"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Welwyn%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Welwyn%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Welwyn%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Welwyn%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Welwyn%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Situated in the valley of the <a href="/wiki/River_Mimram" title="River Mimram">River Mimram</a>, Welwyn has hosted human activity since the <a href="/wiki/Palaeolithic" class="mw-redirect" title="Palaeolithic">Palaeolithic</a> with stone tools from that era having been found alongside the river and further inland across the area.<sup id="cite_ref-English_Heritage_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-English_Heritage-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Settlement across the area seems to have become established during the <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age" title="Bronze Age">Bronze Age</a> according to various recovered artefacts and crop marks left by <a href="/wiki/Round_barrows" class="mw-redirect" title="Round barrows">round barrows</a> and <a href="/wiki/Burial_mounds" class="mw-redirect" title="Burial mounds">burial mounds</a> from that period.<sup id="cite_ref-English_Heritage_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-English_Heritage-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/British_Iron_Age" title="British Iron Age">Iron Age</a> remnants have not been detected until the Late Iron Age, with various local chieftain burials dated to the 1st Century BC gaining national prominence.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Belgae" title="Belgae">Belgae</a> Celtic culture colonised much of South-Eastern England in the 1st century BC, with Welwyn in the area believed to have been settled by the <a href="/wiki/Catuvellauni" title="Catuvellauni">Catuvellauni</a> tribe. </p><p>Following the Roman invasion, Welwyn was settled by the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Britain" title="Roman Britain">Romans</a>. The area was marshy, and the settlement of Welwyn was a known fording point across the river since at least Roman times when the <a href="/wiki/Roman_road" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman road">Roman road</a> through the village was laid out, leading to the establishment of the settlement around the road and the ford. Many Roman artifacts have been found in and around the village, including the remains of several Roman villas close by. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Welwyn_Roman_Baths" title="Welwyn Roman Baths">Welwyn Roman Baths</a> (the remains of a third-century <a href="/wiki/Thermae" title="Thermae">Roman bath house</a>) have been preserved and are open to the public. One particular excavation revealed a large Roman cemetery very close to the site of the current church, which itself is known to date back to at least Saxon times (see below). The church lies directly alongside the route of the Roman road. </p><p>The archaeological record in Welwyn is nearly continuous from the late Iron Age (Celtic) through to recorded times, lacking proof of occupation only in the early Anglo-Saxon period. It is therefore likely that Welwyn has been continuously occupied for over 2000 years. </p><p>Welwyn was at the heart of the territory of the Anglo-Saxon <i><a href="/wiki/Tewingas" title="Tewingas">Tewingas</a></i> tribe<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was the site of an early <a href="/wiki/Minster_(church)" title="Minster (church)">minster church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1990, a proposal was made to rename the village as "Welwyn Minster" to shake off the unpopular "Old" name.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/St._Brice%27s_Day_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Brice's Day massacre">massacre on St. Brice's day</a> on 13 November 1002, when the Saxons turned on their newly settled Danish neighbours, is said to have commenced near Welwyn.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Norman_architecture" title="Norman architecture">Norman</a> church was built on the site of the Saxon church about 1190. The <a href="/wiki/Nave" title="Nave">nave</a> of the present church (St Mary's), was built in the 13th century, the <a href="/wiki/Chancel" title="Chancel">chancel</a> arch being the most obvious early structure. There are two <a href="/wiki/Medieval" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval">medieval</a> <a href="/wiki/Corbel" title="Corbel">corbels</a> at the east end of the south aisle. Patronage of the church passed through several hands until in 1549 it was sold to the Wilshere family, who lived at <a href="/wiki/The_Frythe" title="The Frythe">The Frythe</a> until relatively recently. </p><p>Much later, in the 17th century, as it lies on the old <a href="/wiki/A1_road_(Great_Britain)" title="A1 road (Great Britain)">Great North Road</a>, it became an important <a href="/wiki/Staging_post" class="mw-redirect" title="Staging post">staging post</a> and a number of <a href="/wiki/Coaching_inn" title="Coaching inn">coaching inns</a> remain as <a href="/wiki/Public_houses" class="mw-redirect" title="Public houses">public houses</a>. After the <a href="/wiki/Great_Northern_Railway_(Great_Britain)" title="Great Northern Railway (Great Britain)">Great Northern Railway</a> by-passed the village due to the objections of local landowners, Welwyn became less important. Having previously been seen as a town on par with <a href="/wiki/Hatfield,_Hertfordshire" title="Hatfield, Hertfordshire">Hatfield</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stevenage" title="Stevenage">Stevenage</a>, it gradually was seen as a village. The 20th century brought major expansion to the area, as estates to the south, west and north of the village were built up. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historical_descriptions">Historical descriptions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Welwyn&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Historical descriptions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite this long history, at the beginning of the 20th century Welwyn was regarded as a sleepy backwater. One writer wrote that <i>Welwyn, a small town in the <a href="/wiki/River_Mimram" title="River Mimram">Maran Valley</a>, can show little of interest beyond many quaint cottages, and the church</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1870–1872, John Marius Wilson's <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Gazetteer_of_England_and_Wales" title="Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales">Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales</a> described Welwyn thus: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>WELWYN, a village, a parish, and a sub-district, in Hatfield district, Herts. The village stands on the river Maran, 1¼ mile W of the Great Northern railway, and 5 N of Hatfield; carries on shoe-making and wool-stapling; consists chiefly of two well built streets; and has a head post-office,‡ a r. station with telegraph, two hotels, a police station, a good ancient church, two dissenting chapels, a large national school, an education charity, a workhouse, and charities for the poor £26.—The parish includes Woolmer-Green hamlet, and comprises 2,987 acres. Real property, £7,044. Pop., 1,612. Houses, 320. The property is much subdivided. Danesbury and Frythe are chief residences. The living is a rectory in the diocese of Rochester. Value, £665.* Patron, All Souls College, Oxford. Dr. Young was rector, and wrote here his "Night Thoughts." A national school is at Woolmer-Green, and is used as a chapel of ease.—The sub-district contains 4 parishes, and is a poor-law union. Acres, 6,457. Pop., 2,21 1. Houses, 439.</p></blockquote> <p>A fuller history is given in William Page's <i>A History of the County of Hertford</i> in the <a href="/wiki/Victoria_County_History" title="Victoria County History">Victoria History of the Counties of England</a> series.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Welwyn&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Welwyn" title="Special:EditPage/Welwyn">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Welwyn was noted for its congestion since the beginning of the 20th century, but in 1927 it got what is claimed to be the first <a href="/wiki/Bypass_(road)" title="Bypass (road)">by-pass</a> in Britain. The A1 was upgraded to motorway standards north of Welwyn in the 1960s, and in 1973 the motorway was extended south past the village, by-passing the existing by-pass. Today the village is the point where the six-lane motorway merges into four lanes and is the site of extensive traffic jams in the evening peak. </p><p>There had been extensive plans to widen the whole road through the area to eight lanes, and to upgrade the existing junction to create a long one-way system running the length of the village. These plans were shelved, but recently plans to provide a climbing lane at least on the section north of the village have been discussed. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bus_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Bus transport">Buses</a> are provided by <a href="/wiki/Arriva_Shires_%26_Essex" class="mw-redirect" title="Arriva Shires & Essex">Arriva Shires & Essex</a> and <a href="/wiki/Centrebus" title="Centrebus">Centrebus</a>, with some assistance from <a href="/wiki/Hertfordshire_County_Council" title="Hertfordshire County Council">Hertfordshire County Council</a>. Arriva's 300/301 Centraline service links Welwyn and Oaklands to the nearby towns of <a href="/wiki/Stevenage" title="Stevenage">Stevenage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Welwyn_Garden_City" title="Welwyn Garden City">Welwyn Garden City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hatfield,_Hertfordshire" title="Hatfield, Hertfordshire">Hatfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/St_Albans" title="St Albans">St Albans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hemel_Hempstead" title="Hemel Hempstead">Hemel Hempstead</a>, as well as neighbouring villages <a href="/wiki/Woolmer_Green" title="Woolmer Green">Woolmer Green</a> and <a href="/wiki/Knebworth" title="Knebworth">Knebworth</a>. The 301 additionally connects both the nearby hospitals in Stevenage and Welwyn Garden City, while the 300 provides a direct link to recreational areas such as <a href="/wiki/Stanborough_Park" title="Stanborough Park">Stanborough Lakes</a> in Welwyn Garden City and <a href="/wiki/Verulamium" title="Verulamium">Verulamium</a> Roman town in St Albans. </p><p>Buses run every 15 minutes Monday–Friday, every 20 minutes Saturday, and hourly on Sunday. Additional bi-hourly service 314 is provided by Centrebus, connecting Welwyn to <a href="/wiki/Codicote" title="Codicote">Codicote</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hitchin" title="Hitchin">Hitchin</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Green_Line_route_797" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Line route 797">Green Line route 797</a> used to stop on the by-pass, providing an hourly direct link to areas of <a href="/wiki/North_London" title="North London">North London</a> and the <a href="/wiki/West_End_of_London" title="West End of London">West End</a>, however, the service ceased in September 2016. </p><p>The nearest railway station to Welwyn Village is <a href="/wiki/Welwyn_North_railway_station" title="Welwyn North railway station">Welwyn North</a> in the nearby village of <a href="/wiki/Digswell" title="Digswell">Digswell</a>, about a mile east from the village, while <a href="/wiki/Knebworth_railway_station" title="Knebworth railway station">Knebworth station</a>, one stop nearer Stevenage, is easier for residents of Oaklands to access. </p><p>Trains are operated by <a href="/wiki/Thameslink_and_Great_Northern" class="mw-redirect" title="Thameslink and Great Northern">Great Northern</a> and run every 30 minutes Monday to Saturday south to <a href="/wiki/London_King%27s_Cross_railway_station" title="London King's Cross railway station">London King's Cross</a> and north to <a href="/wiki/Hitchin_railway_station" title="Hitchin railway station">Hitchin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stevenage_railway_station" title="Stevenage railway station">Stevenage</a>, with an hourly service to <a href="/wiki/Letchworth_Garden_City_railway_station" title="Letchworth Garden City railway station">Letchworth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_railway_station" title="Cambridge railway station">Cambridge</a> and to <a href="/wiki/Peterborough_railway_station" title="Peterborough railway station">Peterborough</a>. On Sundays an hourly service operates from London to Cambridge only. There is no bus link to Welwyn North station, although buses do link to nearby <a href="/wiki/Welwyn_Garden_City_railway_station" title="Welwyn Garden City railway station">Welwyn Garden City station</a> and Knebworth station. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Welwyn&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are two state schools in Welwyn and one independent school. </p><p>The larger state school is Welwyn St. Mary's <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a> Primary School, situated off London Road which takes children aged between 4 and 11 years of age (Reception to Year 6). Originally built in 1940 as a secondary school,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the school was later converted to a primary school. The second is Oaklands Primary School, which incorporates Acorns Preschool and Playgroup. </p><p>There is also Tenterfield Nursery School which is situated on London Road close to the primary school. It takes children aged 3 to 4 years of age. </p><p>Secondary state education is provided through schools in nearby towns, such as Monks Walk School and Stanborough School, in Welwyn Garden city. </p><p>There is an independent all-ages (nursery through to sixth form) coeducational school on the eastern outskirts of Welwyn called <a href="/wiki/Sherrardswood_School" title="Sherrardswood School">Sherrardswood School</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Welwyn&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are a tennis club,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a sports and social club,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a bowls club, a football club,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a cricket pitch in the village. These last two are part of <a href="/wiki/Welwyn_Garden_City" title="Welwyn Garden City">Welwyn Garden City</a>-based clubs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Local_points_of_interest">Local points of interest</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Welwyn&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Local points of interest"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Welwyn" title="Special:EditPage/Welwyn">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Welwyn%22">"Welwyn"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Welwyn%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Welwyn%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Welwyn%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Welwyn%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Welwyn%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In the fields surrounding the nearby Danesbury House, now converted into accommodation, is a previously dilapidated and neglected former <a href="/wiki/Fernery" title="Fernery">fernery</a> which has been reinstated to its former glory <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://danesburyfernery.org.uk/">The Danesbury Fernery – 'the best fernery to be found in the Home Counties'</a> designed by Anthony Parsons (then gardener for the Danesbury Estate)<sup id="cite_ref-pulham1_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pulham1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and constructed in a small chalk pit in the grounds of Danesbury Park by the younger <a href="/wiki/James_Pulham_and_Son" title="James Pulham and Son">James Pulham</a> in 1859.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In its day it was well admired, with one W. Robinson (writing in "The English Flower Garden", published in 1883), stating that "In the <a href="/wiki/Home_Counties" class="mw-redirect" title="Home Counties">Home Counties</a> there is probably not a better fernery than at Danesbury."<sup id="cite_ref-pulham1_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pulham1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the outskirts of Welwyn are the remains of a 3rd-century Roman bath-house, which was once part of the Dicket Mead villa. Local archaeologist Tony Rook discovered the villa and bath-house in the 1960s and excavated them with a team of archaeologists and volunteers from Welwyn Archaeological Society. The remains of the bath-house are now preserved in a vault under the A1 motorway. The site is now run by Welwyn Hatfield Museum Service<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is sometimes opened to the public. </p><p><a href="/wiki/The_Frythe" title="The Frythe">The Frythe</a> is a Victorian mansion set in grounds just south of the village. It was privately occupied until 1934, then run as a hotel until the outbreak of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. During the war, it was the home of <a href="/wiki/Station_IX" title="Station IX">Station IX</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Executive" title="Special Operations Executive">Special Operations Executive</a> (SOE) factory designing and building weapons and tools for SOE activities in occupied Europe. After the war, it became a commercial research facility for first Unilever and then <a href="/wiki/Smith,_Kline_%26_French" title="Smith, Kline & French">Smith, Kline & French</a>. <a href="/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" class="mw-redirect" title="GlaxoSmithKline">GlaxoSmithKline</a>, its successor company, wound down the site and sold it in 2010 for residential property development. </p><p>Between 1928 and 1951 <a href="/wiki/Welwyn_Studios" title="Welwyn Studios">Welwyn Studios</a> was active, mainly providing <a href="/wiki/Supporting_feature" class="mw-redirect" title="Supporting feature">supporting features</a>. However, like Welwyn Components (another apparently eponymous business), Welwyn Studios was located in Welwyn Garden City. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Vincent_van_Gogh" title="Vincent van Gogh">Vincent van Gogh</a> walked from London to visit his sister while she was staying in Welwyn; this is commemorated by a blue plaque on a building on Church Street. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twinning">Twinning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Welwyn&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Twinning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Welwyn is twinned with the village of <a href="/wiki/Champagne-sur-Oise" title="Champagne-sur-Oise">Champagne-sur-Oise</a> in the <i>département</i> of <a href="/wiki/Val-d%27Oise" title="Val-d'Oise">Val-d'Oise</a>, just north of Paris. The connection is organised in Welwyn by the Welwyn Anglo-French Twinning Association (WAFTA). The twinning arrangement was entered into in 1973, as a result of a visit to Champagne-sur-Oise by the headmaster and pupils of St Mary's School, Welwyn, setting up a cultural association which has continued since then. </p><p>Coincidentally, Champagne-sur-Oise is only about twenty miles from the <a href="/wiki/River_Marne" class="mw-redirect" title="River Marne">River Marne</a>, whose name is said to be the origin of the alternative name of Welwyn's <a href="/wiki/River_Mimram" title="River Mimram">Mimram</a> river – the Maran. This connection was brought about<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> by a migration of the <a href="/wiki/Catalauni" title="Catalauni">Catalauni</a>, the Belgic tribe from the Champagne region of France, into England stretching north of the Thames from London, where the tribe was known as the <a href="/wiki/Catuvellauni" title="Catuvellauni">Catuvellauni</a>. In that respect, WAFTA claims to have resurrected a twinning link first forged nearly 2,000 years ago. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Welwyn&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Towerson" title="Gabriel Towerson">Gabriel Towerson</a> (c. 1635–1697), theologian, was Rector of Welwyn from 1662 until his death.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Young" title="Edward Young">Edward Young</a> (1683–1765), poet, philosopher and theologian, author of <i><a href="/wiki/Night-Thoughts" title="Night-Thoughts">Night-Thoughts</a></i>, was a later Rector of Welwyn.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Blake_(economist)" title="William Blake (economist)">William Blake</a> (1774–1852), an economist, leased St John's Lodge, Welwyn, with a park of 130 acres, in 1819 and bought it in 1824, changing the name to Danesbury.<sup id="cite_ref-TNA_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TNA-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was <a href="/wiki/High_Sheriff_of_Hertfordshire" title="High Sheriff of Hertfordshire">High Sheriff of Hertfordshire</a> in 1836.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wilshere" title="William Wilshere">William Wilshere</a> (1806–1867), a Whig politician, lived at The Frythe, near Welwyn, and in 1846 built a Gothic revival country house.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Davidson_(equerry)" title="Arthur Davidson (equerry)">Sir Arthur Davidson</a> (1856–1922), equerry, grew up in Welwyn.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil_Sanderson,_1st_Baron_Sanderson_of_Ayot" title="Basil Sanderson, 1st Baron Sanderson of Ayot">Basil Sanderson, 1st Baron Sanderson of Ayot</a> (1894–1971) lived at Welwyn and took his title from Ayot, in the parish.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileen_Soper" title="Eileen Soper">Eileen Soper</a> (1905–1990), illustrator, and her sister Eva Soper, also an artist, moved into Wildings, Harmer Green, Welwyn, in 1908, when it was built by their father, the artist George Soper, and lived there for the whole of their lives.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Stewart_Orr" title="Alan Stewart Orr">Alan Stewart Orr</a> (1911–1991), barrister and <a href="/wiki/Lord_Justice_of_Appeal" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Justice of Appeal">Lord Justice of Appeal</a>, lived at Harmer Green.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Gilliat" title="Martin Gilliat">Sir Martin Gilliat</a> (1913–1993), long-serving Private Secretary to Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, lived at the Manor House, Welwyn.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Marsh_(racing_driver)" title="Matthew Marsh (racing driver)">Matthew Marsh</a> (born 1968), racing driver, is a native of Welwyn.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Llewellyn" title="Rebecca Llewellyn">Rebecca Llewellyn</a> (born 1985), a tennis player, lives at Welwyn.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Pearce" title="Simon Pearce">Simon Pearce</a> (born 1986), historian and podcaster.</li> <li>Major-General <a href="/wiki/Eric_Miles" title="Eric Miles">Eric Miles</a>, British Army officer who served in both of the <a href="/wiki/World_war" title="World war">World wars</a>, commanding the <a href="/wiki/56th_(London)_Infantry_Division" title="56th (London) Infantry Division">56th (London) Infantry Division</a> in the longest approach march in history.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Welwyn&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_Church,_Welwyn" title="St Mary's Church, Welwyn">St Mary's Church, Welwyn</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090326085841/http://www.hertsdirect.org/infobase/docs/pdfstore/tabKS01sett.pdf">Population figures (PDF)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Welwyn&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=11130280&c=Welwyn&d=16&e=62&g=6435682&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1478184241560&enc=1">"Civil Parish population 2011"</a>. <i>Neighbourhood Statistics</i>. Office for National Statistics<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Neighbourhood+Statistics&rft.atitle=Civil+Parish+population+2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk%2Fdissemination%2FLeadKeyFigures.do%3Fa%3D7%26b%3D11130280%26c%3DWelwyn%26d%3D16%26e%3D62%26g%3D6435682%26i%3D1001x1003x1032x1004%26m%3D0%26r%3D1%26s%3D1478184241560%26enc%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWelwyn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://welwynpc.org.uk/">"Home – Welwyn Parish Council"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Home+%E2%80%93+Welwyn+Parish+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwelwynpc.org.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWelwyn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSkeat1904" class="citation book cs1">Skeat, Walter W. (1904). <i>The place-names of Hertfordshire, Volume 2, Part 8</i>. 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Prince (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mOYyyPCRbuYC&pg=PA171"><i>Parks in Hertfordshire Since 1500</i></a>. University of Hertfordshire Press. p. 171. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9542189-9-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9542189-9-7"><bdi>978-0-9542189-9-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Parks+in+Hertfordshire+Since+1500&rft.pages=171&rft.pub=University+of+Hertfordshire+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-9542189-9-7&rft.au=Hugh+C.+Prince&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmOYyyPCRbuYC%26pg%3DPA171&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWelwyn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=22IPAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA48"><i>Bulletins of State Intelligence</i></a>. 1836. p. 48<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bulletins+of+State+Intelligence&rft.pages=48&rft.date=1836&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D22IPAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA48&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWelwyn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hertsmemories.org.uk/content/herts-history/people/eileen-soper-artist-illustrator">Eileen Soper, Artist, Illustrator</a> at hertsmemories.org.uk, accessed 10 March 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Debrett's Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage, and Companionage</i> (Kelly's Directories, 1973), p. 1238</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Martin Gilliat", obituary in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i> dated 29 May 1993, p. 17</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Welwyn&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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Hertfordshire"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Civil_parishes_of_Hertfordshire" title="Template talk:Civil parishes of Hertfordshire"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Civil_parishes_of_Hertfordshire" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Civil parishes of Hertfordshire"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Civil_parishes_in_Hertfordshire896" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_civil_parishes_in_Hertfordshire" title="List of civil parishes in Hertfordshire">Civil parishes</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hertfordshire" title="Hertfordshire">Hertfordshire</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dacorum" title="Dacorum">Dacorum</a> <span class="nobold">(partly parished)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aldbury" title="Aldbury">Aldbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkhamsted" title="Berkhamsted">Berkhamsted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bovingdon" title="Bovingdon">Bovingdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipperfield" title="Chipperfield">Chipperfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flamstead" title="Flamstead">Flamstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flaunden" title="Flaunden">Flaunden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Gaddesden" title="Great Gaddesden">Great Gaddesden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kings_Langley" title="Kings Langley">Kings Langley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Gaddesden" title="Little Gaddesden">Little Gaddesden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markyate" title="Markyate">Markyate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nash_Mills" title="Nash Mills">Nash Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nettleden_with_Potten_End" title="Nettleden with Potten End">Nettleden with Potten End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northchurch" title="Northchurch">Northchurch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tring" title="Tring">Tring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tring_Rural" title="Tring Rural">Tring Rural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigginton,_Hertfordshire" title="Wigginton, Hertfordshire">Wigginton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Hertfordshire" title="East Hertfordshire">East Hertfordshire</a> <span class="nobold">(wholly parished)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albury,_Hertfordshire" title="Albury, Hertfordshire">Albury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anstey,_Hertfordshire" title="Anstey, Hertfordshire">Anstey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ardeley" title="Ardeley">Ardeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspenden" title="Aspenden">Aspenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aston,_Hertfordshire" title="Aston, Hertfordshire">Aston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayford,_Hertfordshire" title="Bayford, Hertfordshire">Bayford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengeo_Rural" title="Bengeo Rural">Bengeo Rural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benington,_Hertfordshire" title="Benington, Hertfordshire">Benington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop%27s_Stortford" title="Bishop's Stortford">Bishop's Stortford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bramfield,_Hertfordshire" title="Bramfield, Hertfordshire">Bramfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braughing" title="Braughing">Braughing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brent_Pelham" title="Brent Pelham">Brent Pelham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brickendon" title="Brickendon">Brickendon Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckland,_Hertfordshire" title="Buckland, Hertfordshire">Buckland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buntingford" title="Buntingford">Buntingford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cottered" title="Cottered">Cottered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datchworth" title="Datchworth">Datchworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastwick,_Hertfordshire" title="Eastwick, Hertfordshire">Eastwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilston" title="Gilston">Gilston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furneux_Pelham" title="Furneux Pelham">Furneux Pelham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Amwell" title="Great Amwell">Great Amwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Munden" title="Great Munden">Great Munden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hertford" title="Hertford">Hertford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hertford_Heath" title="Hertford Heath">Hertford Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hertingfordbury" title="Hertingfordbury">Hertingfordbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Wych" title="High Wych">High Wych</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hormead" title="Hormead">Hormead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunsdon" title="Hunsdon">Hunsdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Berkhamsted" title="Little Berkhamsted">Little Berkhamsted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Hadham" title="Little Hadham">Little Hadham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Munden" title="Little Munden">Little Munden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meesden" title="Meesden">Meesden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Much_Hadham" title="Much Hadham">Much Hadham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacombe" title="Sacombe">Sacombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawbridgeworth" title="Sawbridgeworth">Sawbridgeworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standon,_Hertfordshire" title="Standon, Hertfordshire">Standon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanstead_Abbotts" title="Stanstead Abbotts">Stanstead Abbots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanstead_St_Margarets" title="Stanstead St Margarets">Stanstead St Margarets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stapleford,_Hertfordshire" title="Stapleford, Hertfordshire">Stapleford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stocking_Pelham" title="Stocking Pelham">Stocking Pelham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tewin" title="Tewin">Tewin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorley,_Hertfordshire" title="Thorley, Hertfordshire">Thorley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thundridge" title="Thundridge">Thundridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walkern" title="Walkern">Walkern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ware,_Hertfordshire" title="Ware, Hertfordshire">Ware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wareside" title="Wareside">Wareside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watton-at-Stone" title="Watton-at-Stone">Watton-at-Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westmill" title="Westmill">Westmill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Widford,_Hertfordshire" title="Widford, Hertfordshire">Widford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyddial" title="Wyddial">Wyddial</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hertsmere" title="Hertsmere">Hertsmere</a> <span class="nobold">(partly parished)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aldenham" title="Aldenham">Aldenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elstree_and_Borehamwood" title="Elstree and Borehamwood">Elstree and Borehamwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldenham#Hertsmere_Meriden" title="Aldenham">Hertsmere Meriden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenley" title="Shenley">Shenley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Mimms" title="South Mimms">South Mimms</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ridge,_Hertfordshire" title="Ridge, Hertfordshire">Ridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_Hertfordshire" title="North Hertfordshire">North Hertfordshire</a> <span class="nobold">(partly parished)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashwell,_Hertfordshire" title="Ashwell, Hertfordshire">Ashwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barkway" title="Barkway">Barkway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barley,_Hertfordshire" title="Barley, Hertfordshire">Barley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bygrave" title="Bygrave">Bygrave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caldecote,_Hertfordshire" title="Caldecote, Hertfordshire">Caldecote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clothall" title="Clothall">Clothall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codicote" title="Codicote">Codicote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graveley,_Hertfordshire" title="Graveley, Hertfordshire">Graveley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Ashby" title="Great Ashby">Great Ashby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexton" title="Hexton">Hexton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinxworth" title="Hinxworth">Hinxworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holwell,_Hertfordshire" title="Holwell, Hertfordshire">Holwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ickleford" title="Ickleford">Ickleford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelshall" title="Kelshall">Kelshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimpton,_Hertfordshire" title="Kimpton, Hertfordshire">Kimpton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Walden" title="King's Walden">King's Walden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knebworth" title="Knebworth">Knebworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langley,_Hertfordshire" title="Langley, Hertfordshire">Langley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilley,_Hertfordshire" title="Lilley, Hertfordshire">Lilley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newnham,_Hertfordshire" title="Newnham, Hertfordshire">Newnham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuthampstead" title="Nuthampstead">Nuthampstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offley" title="Offley">Offley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirton,_Hertfordshire" title="Pirton, Hertfordshire">Pirton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preston,_Hertfordshire" title="Preston, Hertfordshire">Preston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radwell,_Hertfordshire" title="Radwell, Hertfordshire">Radwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reed,_Hertfordshire" title="Reed, Hertfordshire">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royston,_Hertfordshire" title="Royston, Hertfordshire">Royston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rushden,_Hertfordshire" title="Rushden, Hertfordshire">Rushden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandon,_Hertfordshire" title="Sandon, Hertfordshire">Sandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Ippolyts" title="St Ippolyts">St Ippolyts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Walden" title="St Paul's Walden">St Paul's Walden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Therfield" title="Therfield">Therfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallington,_Hertfordshire" title="Wallington, Hertfordshire">Wallington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weston,_Hertfordshire" title="Weston, Hertfordshire">Weston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wymondley" title="Wymondley">Wymondley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/St_Albans_City_and_District" class="mw-redirect" title="St Albans City and District">St Albans</a> <span class="nobold">(partly parished)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colney_Heath" title="Colney Heath">Colney Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpenden" title="Harpenden">Harpenden Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpenden_Rural" title="Harpenden Rural">Harpenden Rural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Colney" title="London Colney">London Colney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redbourn" title="Redbourn">Redbourn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandridge" title="Sandridge">Sandridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Michael,_Hertfordshire" title="St Michael, Hertfordshire">St Michael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Stephen,_Hertfordshire" title="St Stephen, Hertfordshire">St Stephen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheathampstead" title="Wheathampstead">Wheathampstead</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Three_Rivers_District" title="Three Rivers District">Three Rivers</a> <span class="nobold">(partly parished)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbots_Langley" title="Abbots Langley">Abbots Langley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batchworth" title="Batchworth">Batchworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chorleywood" title="Chorleywood">Chorleywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croxley_Green" title="Croxley Green">Croxley Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarratt" title="Sarratt">Sarratt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watford_Rural" title="Watford Rural">Watford Rural</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Welwyn_Hatfield" title="Welwyn Hatfield">Welwyn Hatfield</a> <span class="nobold">(partly parished)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayot_St_Lawrence" title="Ayot St Lawrence">Ayot St Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayot_St_Peter" title="Ayot St Peter">Ayot St Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essendon,_Hertfordshire" title="Essendon, Hertfordshire">Essendon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatfield,_Hertfordshire" title="Hatfield, Hertfordshire">Hatfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Mymms" title="North Mymms">North Mymms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northaw_and_Cuffley" title="Northaw and Cuffley">Northaw and Cuffley</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Welwyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woolmer_Green" title="Woolmer Green">Woolmer Green</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wholly unparished boroughs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Borough_of_Broxbourne" title="Borough of Broxbourne">Broxbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stevenage" title="Stevenage">Stevenage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watford" title="Watford">Watford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Hertfordshire" title="List of places in Hertfordshire">List of places in Hertfordshire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1972764#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata916" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1972764#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata916" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1972764#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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