Advanced search

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <head>  <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no"> <meta name="description" content=""> <link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /> <title>Advanced search</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/css/bootstrap3-wysiwyg5-color.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/css/bootstrap3-wysiwyg5.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/css/ranking.css?rn=2.3.6" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/css/bootstrap.min.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/css/style.css?rn=2.3.6"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/css/common-elements-style.css?rn=2.3.6" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/css/jquery.treefilter.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/css/jplayer.blue.monday.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/css/main.css?rn=2.3.6" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/css/jquery-ui.css" />  <style type="text/css">  </style> </head> <body class="body-offcanvas addition-pages">  <span class="noprint"> <header class="clearfix">  <nav class="navbar navbar-default navbar-fixed-top ep-nav-shadow " > <div class="container"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle offcanvas-toggle" data-toggle="offcanvas" data-target="#js-bootstrap-offcanvas" style="float:left;"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"> </span> <span class="icon-bar"> </span> <span class="icon-bar"> </span> </button>  <div class="search-nav-block dropdown"> <a href="javascript:;" class="" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#Search_nav"><i class="search-nav-icon"></i></a> </div>   <a class="navbar-brand ms-logowrap hm-logo-padding" href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/-char/en"> <img src="/web/images/J-STAGE_logo_A3.png" alt="" style="margin-top:6px;" /> </a>   <div class="offcanvas-left-wrap register-offcanvas-left-wrap"> <div class="navbar-offcanvas navbar-offcanvas-touch navbar-offcanvas-fade" role="navigation" id="js-bootstrap-offcanvas"> <div class="offcanvas-left-wrap"> <div class="navbar-header"> <a class="navbar-brand jst-homelink" href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/-char/en">J-STAGE home</a> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle offcanvas-toggle pull-right" data-toggle="offcanvas" data-target="#js-bootstrap-offcanvas" style="float:left;"> <img src="/web/images/edit-profile/icon-close-menu.png" alt=""></button> </div> <div class="offcanvas-nav-wrap"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li class="dropdown reponsive-menu"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Browse<b class="caret"></b></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu ep-dropdown-menu"> <li style="background:none !important;"><span class="topnav-dropdown-icon"><img src="/web/images/top-nav-dropdown-arrow.png" width="18" height="10" alt=""/></span></li> <li><a href="/journal/list/-char/en">All titles</a></li> <li><a href="/journal/fields/-char/en">All subject areas</a></li> <li><a href="/journal/publisher/-char/en">All publishers</a></li> <li><a href="/search/global/_search/-char/en">Search articles</a></li> <li><a href="https://jstagedata.jst.go.jp/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Search J-STAGE Data <img src="/web/images/information-tab2/bg-arrow-white.png" width="13" height="10" alt=""></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="dropdown reponsive-menu"><a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">About J-STAGE <b class="caret"></b></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu ep-dropdown-menu"> <li style="background:none !important;"><span class="topnav-dropdown-icon"><img src="/web/images/top-nav-dropdown-arrow.png" width="18" height="10" alt=""/></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/JstageOverview/-char/en">Overview</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/JstageServices/TAB1/-char/en">Services and features</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/PublicDataAboutJstage/-char/en">Public data</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/TermsAndPolicies/ForIndividuals/-char/en">Terms and Policy</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="dropdown reponsive-menu"><a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">News and PR <b class="caret"></b></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu ep-dropdown-menu"> <li style="background:none !important;"><span class="topnav-dropdown-icon"><img src="/web/images/top-nav-dropdown-arrow.png" width="18" height="10" alt=""/></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/News/TAB1/Current/Page1/-char/en">News</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/News/TAB2/Page1/-char/en">Maintenance information</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/News/TAB6/Page1/-char/en">Special contents </a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/News/TAB7/Page1/-char/en">Media resources </a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="dropdown reponsive-menu"><a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Support <b class="caret"></b></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu ep-dropdown-menu"> <li style="background:none !important;"><span class="topnav-dropdown-icon"><img src="/web/images/top-nav-dropdown-arrow.png" width="18" height="10" alt=""/></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/ForReaders/-char/en">User manuals</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/RecommendedEnvironment/-char/en">Browser compatibility</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/FAQs/TAB3/-char/en">FAQ</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/Contact/-char/en">Contact </a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/Sitemap/-char/en">Sitemap </a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="reponsive-menu"> <a href="/mylogin/-char/en?sourceurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstage.jst.go.jp%2Fsearch%2Fglobal%2F_search%2F-char%2Fen%3Fword%3D3S%2Bmodel%26amp%3Bitem%3D5%26amp%3B">Sign in</a> </li> <li class="reponsive-menu"> <li class="reponsive-menu"><a href="/cart/list/-char/en?backurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstage.jst.go.jp%2Fsearch%2Fglobal%2F_search%2F-char%2Fen%3Fword%3D3S%2Bmodel%26amp%3Bitem%3D5%26amp%3B" class="" >Cart <img src="/web/images/edit-profile/icon-cart.png" alt=""></a> </li> <li class="dropdown reponsive-menu"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown"> EN <img src="/web/images/edit-profile/icon-lang.png" alt=""> <b class="caret"></b></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu ep-dropdown-menu"> <li style="background:none !important;"><span class="topnav-dropdown-icon"><img src="/web/images/top-nav-dropdown-arrow.png" width="18" height="10" alt=""/></span></li> <li><a href="javascript:;" onclick="doChangeLang('en')">English</a></li> <li><a href="javascript:;" onclick="doChangeLang('ja')">日本語</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> <ul class="nav navbar-nav offcanvas-left-display-none"> <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Browse<b class="caret"></b></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu ep-dropdown-menu"> <li style="background:none !important;"><span class="topnav-dropdown-icon"><img src="/web/images/top-nav-dropdown-arrow.png" width="18" height="10" alt=""/></span></li> <li><a href="/journal/list/-char/en">All titles</a></li> <li><a href="/journal/fields/-char/en">All subject areas</a></li> <li><a href="/journal/publisher/-char/en">All publishers</a></li> <li><a href="/search/global/_search/-char/en">Search articles</a></li> <li><a href="https://jstagedata.jst.go.jp/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Search J-STAGE Data <img src="/web/images/information-tab2/bg-arrow.png" width="13" height="10" alt=""></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="dropdown"><a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">About J-STAGE <b class="caret"></b></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu ep-dropdown-menu"> <li style="background:none !important;"><span class="topnav-dropdown-icon"><img src="/web/images/top-nav-dropdown-arrow.png" width="18" height="10" alt=""/></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/JstageOverview/-char/en">Overview</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/JstageServices/TAB1/-char/en">Services and features</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/PublicDataAboutJstage/-char/en">Public data</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/TermsAndPolicies/ForIndividuals/-char/en">Terms and Policy</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="dropdown"><a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">News and PR <b class="caret"></b></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu ep-dropdown-menu"> <li style="background:none !important;"><span class="topnav-dropdown-icon"><img src="/web/images/top-nav-dropdown-arrow.png" width="18" height="10" alt=""/></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/News/TAB1/Current/Page1/-char/en">News</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/News/TAB2/Page1/-char/en">Maintenance information</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/News/TAB6/Page1/-char/en">Special contents </a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/News/TAB7/Page1/-char/en">Media resources </a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="dropdown"><a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Support <b class="caret"></b></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu ep-dropdown-menu"> <li style="background:none !important;"><span class="topnav-dropdown-icon"><img src="/web/images/top-nav-dropdown-arrow.png" width="18" height="10" alt=""/></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/ForReaders/-char/en">User manuals</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/RecommendedEnvironment/-char/en">Browser compatibility</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/FAQs/TAB3/-char/en">FAQ</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/Contact/-char/en">Contact </a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/Sitemap/-char/en">Sitemap </a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div>  <div class="offcanvas-right-wrap register-offcanvas-right-wrap"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li class=""> <a href="/mylogin/-char/en?sourceurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstage.jst.go.jp%2Fsearch%2Fglobal%2F_search%2F-char%2Fen%3Fword%3D3S%2Bmodel%26amp%3Bitem%3D5%26amp%3B" class="" >Sign in </a> </li> <li class=""> <li class=""><a href="/cart/list/-char/en?backurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstage.jst.go.jp%2Fsearch%2Fglobal%2F_search%2F-char%2Fen%3Fword%3D3S%2Bmodel%26amp%3Bitem%3D5%26amp%3B" class="" >Cart </a> </li> <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown"> EN <b class="caret"></b> </a> <ul class="dropdown-menu ep-dropdown-menu" style="min-width: 80px;"> <li style="background:none !important;"><span class="topnav-dropdown-icon"><img src="/web/images/top-nav-dropdown-arrow.png" width="18" height="10" alt=""></span></li> <li><a href="javascript:;" onclick="doChangeLang('en')">English</a></li> <li><a href="javascript:;" onclick="doChangeLang('ja')">日本語</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div>  <ul class="dropdown-menu collapse ep-dropdown-menu search-dropdown-menu" id="Search_nav" style="max-width: 300px;"> <li style="background:none !important;"><span class="topnav-dropdown-icon"></span></li> <li> <div class="col-md-24 edit-profile-form-control"> <form action="/result/journal/-char/en" method="get"> <div class="input-group"> <input name="globalSearchKey" type="text" class="form-control search-nav-input" placeholder="Search within all titles on J-STAGE"> <span class="input-group-btn search-btn"> <button class="btn btn-default" type="submit"><i class="search-nav-icon"></i></button> </span> </div> <a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/search/global/_search/-char/en" class="advanced-search-link">Advanced search </a> </form> </div> </li> </ul>  <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </nav>  </header> </span>   <div id="page-content"> <div id="journal-header-compact" class="colorscheme-global-dark-normal"> <div class="container"> <div class="flt-left" style="width:100%; position:relative;"> <div class="journal-name">Advanced search </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div>   <div class="colorscheme-global-dark-lighter" id="searchbrowse-topbox-wrap"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-24">  <ul class="global-breadcrumbs"> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/-char/en" >J-STAGE home</a></li> <li>/</li> <li>Advanced search </li> </ul>  </div>  <div class="col-md-24"> <div class="flt-right"><a href="javascript:hBack();" class="bluelink-style font-size14">Go back</a></div> </div>  </div> </div> </div>   <div class="container"> <div class="row">  <div class="col-md-16" > <div class="flt-right"> <a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/search/favtitle/-char/en" class="bluelink-style">Search favorite titles</a> <span class="slash-bluelink"></span> <a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/ToolsOfSearchArticlesPage/-char/en" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="bluelink-style">Help</a> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div>  <div class="global-error-msg"> <div id="pageMessage01" class="errorMsg" style="display:none;color:red">Please specify either the Publication Year or Search Query.</div> <div id="pageMessage02" class="errorMsg" style="display:none;color:red">Please enter half-width numbers in Year (publication year - lower limit).</div> <div id="pageMessage03" class="errorMsg" style="display:none;color:red">Please enter 4 digit(s) in Year (publication year - lower limit).</div> <div id="pageMessage04" class="errorMsg" style="display:none;color:red">Note that the start year cannot be earlier than the end year. Please reselect the publication year range.</div> <div id="pageMessage05" class="errorMsg" style="display:none;color:red">Please enter DOI.</div> <div id="pageMessage06" class="errorMsg" style="display: none ;color:red">No article has been found that matches the search query.</div> </div>  <div id="advance-search-formwrap"> <form action="/search/global/_search/search/-char/en" method="get" id="searchForm" name="searchForm"> <input type="hidden" name="fromPage" id="fromPage" value=""/> <input type="hidden" name="targetWords" id="targetWords" value=""/> <input type="hidden" name="sryCd" id="sryCd" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="syntaxCheck" id="syntaxCheck" value="false"/> <div class="advance-search-innerwrap colorscheme-global-dark-lighter"> <div class="advance-search-parameter-wrap"> <ul class="advance-search-optionlist"> <li class="advancesearch-btn"> <input type="submit" id="searchButton1" name="searchButton" value="Search " onClick="return searchValidation()"> </li> <li> <a class="bluelink-style resetall-link" id="resetAll1">Reset all</a> </li> </ul> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> <div id="freeSearchMessageArea"> <div id="pageMessage07" class="errorMsg" style="display: none ;">No Syntax Errors.</div> <div id="pageMessage08" class="errorMsg" style="display: none ;color:red"> <span id="pageMessage09" class="errorMsg" style="display:none">No field has been specified. If you proceed, the search will be performed on the full text.</span> <br id="pageMessage10Sep" class="errorMsg" style="display:none" /> <span id="pageMessage10" class="errorMsg" style="display:none">Error: Specify a valid field.</span> <br id="pageMessage11Sep" class="errorMsg" style="display:none" /> <span id="pageMessage11" class="errorMsg" style="display:none">Error: Check to make sure all opening and closing parentheses are in place.</span> <br id="pageMessage12Sep" class="errorMsg" style="display:none" /> <span id="pageMessage12" class="errorMsg" style="display:none">Error: Check to make sure all opening and closing quotation marks are in place.</span> <br id="pageMessage13Sep" class="errorMsg" style="display:none" /> <span id="pageMessage13" class="errorMsg" style="display:none">Error: Empty parentheses. Check to make sure you have entered your search terms properly.</span> <br id="pageMessage14Sep" class="errorMsg" style="display:none" /> <span id="pageMessage14" class="errorMsg" style="display:none">Error: Empty quotation marks. Check to make sure you have entered your search terms properly.</span> <br id="pageMessage15Sep" class="errorMsg" style="display:none" /> <span id="pageMessage15" class="errorMsg" style="display:none">Error: Check to make sure you have not entered a series of colons (:).</span> <br id="pageMessage16Sep" class="errorMsg" style="display:none" /> <span id="pageMessage16" class="errorMsg" style="display:none">Error: Check to make sure you have not entered a series of AND operators.</span> <br id="pageMessage17Sep" class="errorMsg" style="display:none" /> <span id="pageMessage17" class="errorMsg" style="display:none">Error: Check to make sure you have not entered a series of OR operators.</span> <br id="pageMessage22Sep" class="errorMsg" style="display:none" /> <span id="pageMessage22" class="errorMsg" style="display:none">Error: Check to make sure you have not entered a series of NOT operators.</span> <br id="pageMessage18Sep" class="errorMsg" style="display:none" /> <span id="pageMessage18" class="errorMsg" style="display:none">Error: Enter a term before AND.</span> <br id="pageMessage19Sep" class="errorMsg" style="display:none" /> <span id="pageMessage19" class="errorMsg" style="display:none">Error: Enter a term after AND.</span> <br id="pageMessage20Sep" class="errorMsg" style="display:none" /> <span id="pageMessage20" class="errorMsg" style="display:none">Error: Enter a term before OR.</span> <br id="pageMessage21Sep" class="errorMsg" style="display:none" /> <span id="pageMessage21" class="errorMsg" style="display:none">Error: Enter a term after OR.</span> <br id="pageMessage23Sep" class="errorMsg" style="display:none" /> <span id="pageMessage23" class="errorMsg" style="display:none">Error: Enter a term after NOT.</span> </div> <div id="pageMessage24" class="errorMsg" style="display:none; color:red">Error: Check to make sure search terms, parentheses, and Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) are used properly.</div> </div> <div id="free-search-area" class="advance-search-innerwrap colorscheme-global-dark-lighter" style="display:none;" > <div class="advance-search-title" style="overflow:auto">Query search <div class="flt-right"> <a href="#" id="syntax-check" class="bluelink-style">Syntax check</a> <span class="slash-bluelink"></span> <a href="#" id="precise-search-lnk" class="bluelink-style">Search terms</a> </div> </div> <div id="free-search"> <div class="advance-search-parameter-condition-wrap"> <div class="advance-search-txtbox ui-widget" style="width:100%"> <textarea rows="4" class="form-control" id="freeText" name="freeText" style="resize:none;" maxlength="1000"></textarea> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> <div id="precise-search-area" class="advance-search-innerwrap colorscheme-global-dark-lighter" > <div class="advance-search-title">Search terms <div class="flt-right"><a href="#" id="free-search-lnk" class="bluelink-style">Query search</a></div> </div>  <div id="search-fields"> <div class="advance-search-parameter-condition-wrap"> <div class="advancesearch-first-wrap"> <div class="advancesearch-condition-dd-wrap first-pseudo-condition" style="visibility:hidden;"> <select class="advancesearch-condition-dd _cond" tabindex="0" name="cond"> </select> </div> <div class="articletitle-dd-wrap"> <select class="articletitle-dd _item" tabindex="0" name="item" id="EnterSearchSelect1"> <option value="1" >Publication title</option> <option value="2" >Article title</option> <option value="3" >Abstract</option> <option value="4" >Full text</option> <option value="5" selected >Keyword(s)</option> <option value="6" >ISSN</option> <option value="7" >Reference</option> <option value="8" >Author name</option> <option value="9" >Author's organization</option> <option value="F" >Author's organization ID</option> <option value="A" >ORCID</option> <option value="B" >e-Rad researcher number</option> <option value="C" >Fund/Funder ID</option> <option value="D" >Funder name</option> <option value="E" >Grant/Award number</option> </select> </div> <div class="advance-search-txtbox ui-widget"> <input type="text" placeholder="Enter search term" class="_word" name="word" value="3S model" id="EnterSearchTerm1"> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> <div class="advancesearch-second-wrap"> <div class="advancesearch-not-checkbox-wrap"> <ul class="advance-search-optionlist"> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="notCond" name="notCond" value="1" > <label for="notCond" class="checkbox">NOT</label> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="advancesearch-add-btn"> <input type="button" value="+" name="addBtn" style="font-size:20px"> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div>  <div class="advance-search-parameter-wrap"> <p class="top-margin-2x">Translate search queries (Only "Article title," "Abstract," "Full text," "Keyword(s)," and "References" will be translated.)</p> <ul class="advance-search-optionlist"> <li> <input name="translate" type="radio" id="rd1" checked value="0"> <label for="rd1" class="radio">No translation</label> </li> <li> <input type="radio" id="rd2" name="translate" value="1"> <label for="rd2" class="radio">Japanese to English</label> </li> <li> <input type="radio" id="rd3" name="translate" value="2"> <label for="rd3" class="radio">English to Japanese</label> </li> </ul> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="advance-search-innerwrap colorscheme-global-dark-lighter"> <div class="advance-search-title">Publication type</div> <div class="advance-search-parameter-wrap"> <ul class="advance-search-optionlist"> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="c1" name="srySybtAs" value="100" > <label for="c1" class="checkbox">Journal</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="c2" name="srySybtAs" value="200" > <label for="c2" class="checkbox">Proceedings</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="c3" name="srySybtAs" value="400" > <label for="c3" class="checkbox">Research Report/Technical Report</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="c4" name="srySybtAs" value="500" > <label for="c4" class="checkbox">Magazine</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="c5" name="srySybtAs" value="600" > <label for="c5" class="checkbox">Other</label> </li> </ul> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> <div class="advance-search-innerwrap colorscheme-global-dark-lighter"> <div class="advance-search-title">Article attribute</div> <div class="advance-search-parameter-wrap"> <ul class="advance-search-optionlist"> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="ck1" name="kijiZksiAs" value="1" > <label for="ck1" class="checkbox">Advance online publication</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="ck2" name="kijiZksiAs" value="2" > <label for="ck2" class="checkbox">Full-text HTML</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="ck4" name="kijiZksiAs" value="4" > <label for="ck4" class="checkbox">With supplementary materials</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="ck3" name="kijiZksiAs" value="5" > <label for="ck3" class="checkbox">With cited-by links</label> </li> </ul> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> <div class="advance-search-innerwrap colorscheme-global-dark-lighter"> <div class="advance-search-title">Language</div> <div class="advance-search-parameter-wrap"> <ul class="advance-search-optionlist"> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="ck5" name="kjtsLangAs" value="ja" > <label for="ck5" class="checkbox">Japanese</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="ck6" name="kjtsLangAs" value="en" > <label for="ck6" class="checkbox">English</label> </li> </ul> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> <div class="advance-search-innerwrap colorscheme-global-dark-lighter"> <div class="advance-search-title">Peer review</div> <div class="advance-search-parameter-wrap"> <ul class="advance-search-optionlist"> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="ck7" name="kjnSdkUmAs" value="0" > <label for="ck7" class="checkbox">Peer-reviewed articles</label> </li> </ul> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> <div class="advance-search-innerwrap colorscheme-global-dark-lighter"> <div class="advance-search-title">Publication year</div> <div class="advance-search-parameter-wrap"> <ul class="advance-search-optionlist"> <li class="datepicker-year-list"> <label class="flt-left">From year</label> <div class="datepicker-year flt-left"> <input type="text" placeholder="YYYY" class="" maxlength="4" name="yearfrom" value=""> </div> </li> <li class="datepicker-year-list"> <label class="flt-left right-margin-3x">To year</label> <div class="datepicker-year flt-left"> <input type="text" placeholder="YYYY" class="" maxlength="4" name="yearto" value=""> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> <div class="advance-search-innerwrap colorscheme-global-dark-lighter"> <div class="advance-search-title">Subject area</div> <div class="advance-search-parameter-wrap area-check-box"> <ul class="advance-search-optionlist"> <li class="advancesearch-chkbox-list"> <input type="checkbox" id="010000@1" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="010000" onClick="checkAll('010000', this.checked)" > <label for="010000@1" class="checkbox"><strong>Basic Sciences</strong></label> <input type="checkbox" id="010100@2" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="010100" class="010000" > <label for="010100@2" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Mathematics</label> <input type="checkbox" id="011100@3" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="011100" class="010000" > <label for="011100@3" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Physics</label> <input type="checkbox" id="012100@4" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="012100" class="010000" > <label for="012100@4" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Chemistry</label> <input type="checkbox" id="014100@5" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="014100" class="010000" > <label for="014100@5" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Earth Sciences and Astronomy</label> <input type="checkbox" id="030000@1" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="030000" onClick="checkAll('030000', this.checked)" > <label for="030000@1" class="checkbox"><strong>Life Sciences</strong></label> <input type="checkbox" id="030100@2" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="030100" class="030000" > <label for="030100@2" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Biology, Life Sciences and Basic Medicine</label> <input type="checkbox" id="035100@3" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="035100" class="030000" > <label for="035100@3" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Agriculture and Food Sciences</label> <input type="checkbox" id="050000@1" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="050000" onClick="checkAll('050000', this.checked)" > <label for="050000@1" class="checkbox"><strong>Medical and Health Sciences</strong></label> <input type="checkbox" id="050100@2" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="050100" class="050000" > <label for="050100@2" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">General Medicine, Social Medicine, and Nursing Sciences</label> <input type="checkbox" id="051100@3" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="051100" class="050000" > <label for="051100@3" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Clinical Medicine</label> <input type="checkbox" id="053100@4" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="053100" class="050000" > <label for="053100@4" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Dentistry</label> <input type="checkbox" id="054100@5" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="054100" class="050000" > <label for="054100@5" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Pharmaceutical Sciences</label> <input type="checkbox" id="070000@1" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="070000" onClick="checkAll('070000', this.checked)" > <label for="070000@1" class="checkbox"><strong>Engineering and Technology</strong></label> <input type="checkbox" id="070100@2" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="070100" class="070000" > <label for="070100@2" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Engineering in General</label> <input type="checkbox" id="072100@3" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="072100" class="070000" > <label for="072100@3" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Nanosciences and Materials Sciences</label> <input type="checkbox" id="073100@4" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="073100" class="070000" > <label for="073100@4" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Architecture and Civil Engineering</label> <input type="checkbox" id="074100@5" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="074100" class="070000" > <label for="074100@5" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Mechanical Engineering</label> <input type="checkbox" id="075100@6" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="075100" class="070000" > <label for="075100@6" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Electrical and Electronic Engineering</label> </li> <li class="advancesearch-chkbox-list"> <input type="checkbox" id="090000@1" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="090000" onClick="checkAll('090000', this.checked)" > <label for="090000@1" class="checkbox"><strong>Interdisciplinary Sciences</strong></label> <input type="checkbox" id="090100@2" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="090100" class="090000" > <label for="090100@2" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Information Sciences</label> <input type="checkbox" id="091100@3" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="091100" class="090000" > <label for="091100@3" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Environmental Sciences</label> <input type="checkbox" id="092100@4" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="092100" class="090000" > <label for="092100@4" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Interdisciplinary Sciences</label> <input type="checkbox" id="110000@1" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="110000" onClick="checkAll('110000', this.checked)" > <label for="110000@1" class="checkbox"><strong>Humanities and Social Sciences</strong></label> <input type="checkbox" id="111100@2" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="111100" class="110000" > <label for="111100@2" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Philosophy, Religion</label> <input type="checkbox" id="112100@3" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="112100" class="110000" > <label for="112100@3" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Literature, Language & Linguistics and Art</label> <input type="checkbox" id="113100@4" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="113100" class="110000" > <label for="113100@4" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Anthropology, History and Geography</label> <input type="checkbox" id="114100@5" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="114100" class="110000" > <label for="114100@5" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Law, Political Sciences</label> <input type="checkbox" id="115100@6" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="115100" class="110000" > <label for="115100@6" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Economics, Business & Management</label> <input type="checkbox" id="116100@7" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="116100" class="110000" > <label for="116100@7" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Sociology</label> <input type="checkbox" id="117100@8" name="sryNBnyaAraAs" value="117100" class="110000" > <label for="117100@8" class="checkbox left-margin-2x">Psychology, Education</label> </ul> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> <div class="advance-search-innerwrap colorscheme-global-dark-lighter"> <div class="advance-search-title">License</div> <div class="advance-search-parameter-wrap"> <ul class="advance-search-optionlist"> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="lic01" name="licenseCdAs" value="01" > <label for="lic01" class="checkbox">CC BY</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="lic02" name="licenseCdAs" value="02" > <label for="lic02" class="checkbox">CC BY-SA</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="lic03" name="licenseCdAs" value="03" > <label for="lic03" class="checkbox">CC BY-ND</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="lic04" name="licenseCdAs" value="04" > <label for="lic04" class="checkbox">CC BY-NC</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="lic05" name="licenseCdAs" value="05" > <label for="lic05" class="checkbox">CC BY-NC-SA</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="lic06" name="licenseCdAs" value="06" > <label for="lic06" class="checkbox">CC BY-NC-ND</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="lic99" name="licenseCdAs" value="99" > <label for="lic99" class="checkbox">Other</label> </li> </ul> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> <div class="advance-search-innerwrap colorscheme-global-dark-lighter"> <div class="advance-search-parameter-wrap"> <ul class="advance-search-optionlist"> <li class="advancesearch-btn"> <input type="submit" id="searchButton2" name="searchButton" value="Search " onClick="return searchValidation()"> </li> <li> <a class="bluelink-style resetall-link" id="resetAll2">Reset all</a> </li> </ul> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div>   <form action="/search/global/_search/searchdoi/-char/en" method="get" id="doiSearchForm" name="doiSearchForm"> <input type="hidden" name="fromPageDoi" id="fromPageDoi" value=""/> <input type="hidden" name="sryCd" id="sryCd" value=""/> <div class="col-md-8"> <div id="advance-search-rightsection"> <div class="advance-search-innerwrap colorscheme-global-dark-lighter"> <div class="advance-search-title">Search by article DOI</div> <div class="advance-search-parameter-wrap"> Enter article DOI <ul class="advance-search-optionlist"> <li class="advance-search-dobox"> <input type="text" placeholder="10.XXXX/<number>" name="doiJoi" value=""> </li> <li class="advance-search-dobox-btn"> <input type="submit" value="Go" onClick="return doiSearchValidation()"> </li> </ul> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </form>  <form id="resetAllForm" action="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/search/global/_search/-char/en" method="get"></form> <input type="hidden" name="initAction" id="initAction" value="/search/global/_search/-char/en" /> </div> </div>   <span class="noprint"> <footer class="footer-style2"> <div class="footer-wrap print-non-disp"> <a href="#0" class="take-on-top1">Top</a> <div class="container"> <div class="footer-link-section"> <div class="footer-link-heading">Browse</div> <ul class="footer-link-list"> <li><a href="/journal/list/-char/en">All titles</a></li> <li><a href="/journal/fields/-char/en">All subject areas</a></li> <li><a href="/journal/publisher/-char/en">All publishers</a></li> <li><a href="/search/global/_search/-char/en">Search articles</a></li> <li><a href="https://jstagedata.jst.go.jp/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Search J-STAGE Data <img src="/web/images/information-tab2/bg-arrow-white.png" width="13" height="10" alt=""></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-link-section"> <div class="footer-link-heading">About J-STAGE</div> <ul class="footer-link-list"> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/JstageOverview/-char/en">Overview</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/JstageServices/TAB1/-char/en">Services and features</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/PublicDataAboutJstage/-char/en">Public data</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/TermsAndPolicies/ForIndividuals/-char/en">Terms and Policy</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-link-section"> <div class="footer-link-heading">News and PR</div> <ul class="footer-link-list"> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/News/TAB1/Current/Page1/-char/en">News</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/News/TAB2/Page1/-char/en">Maintenance information</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/News/TAB6/Page1/-char/en">Special contents </a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/News/TAB7/Page1/-char/en">Media resources </a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-link-section"> <div class="footer-link-heading">Support</div> <ul class="footer-link-list"> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/ForReaders/-char/en">User manuals</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/RecommendedEnvironment/-char/en">Browser compatibility</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/FAQs/TAB3/-char/en">FAQ</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/Contact/-char/en">Contact </a></li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/Sitemap/-char/en">Sitemap </a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> </footer> </span>   <span class="noprint print-non-disp"> <div id="right-feedback-btn"><a href="https://form2.jst.go.jp/s/jstage-feedback" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">feedback</a></div> </span>   <a href="#0" class="take-on-top" style="z-index:inherit">Top</a>   <div id="sticky-register-to-j-stage" class="sticky-register-to-j-stage print-non-disp" style="display:none;"> <span class="noprint"> <a href="javascript:;" class="sticky-register-to-j-stage-close" onclick="registerStickyClose();"><i class="fa fa-times-circle-o"></i></a> </span> <h3 class="register-for-free"><nobr>Register with J-STAGE for free!</nobr></h3> <a href="/myregister/-char/en" class="sticky-register-btn">Register</a> <p class="register-for-already">Already have an account? Sign in <a href="/mylogin/-char/en?sourceurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstage.jst.go.jp%2Fsearch%2Fglobal%2F_search%2F-char%2Fen%3Fword%3D3S%2Bmodel%26amp%3Bitem%3D5%26amp%3B">here</a></p> </div>  <script src="/web/js/jquery.min.js"></script>  <script src="/web/js/bootstrap.js"></script> <script src="/web/js/bootstrap.offcanvas.min.js"></script> <script src="/web/js/bootstrap-tabdrop.min.js"></script> <script src="/web/js/modernizr.js"></script> <script src="/web/js/jquery.hc-sticky.min.js"></script> <script src="/web/js/jquery.touchSwipe.min.js"></script> <script src="/web/js/jquery.advancedSlider.min.js"></script> <script src="/web/js/jquery-navtoselect.min.js?rn=2.3.6"></script> <script src="/web/js/jquery.treefilter.min.js"></script> <script src="/web/js/jquery.jplayer.min.js"></script> <script src="/web/js/jquery.coolfieldset.min.js"></script> <script src="/web/js/select2.full.min.js"></script> <script src="/web/js/prettify.min.js"></script> <script src="/web/js/common.js?rn=2.3.6"></script> <script src="/web/js/tableHeadFixe.min.js"></script> <script src="/web/js/validation.js?rn=2.3.6"></script> <script src="/web/js/jquery-ui.js"> <script src="/web/js/jquery.flexisel.min.js"></script> <script src="/web/js/jglobal_keyword_search_api.js?rn=2.3.6"></script> <script src="/web/js/global-advance-serch.js?rn=2.3.6"></script> <script src="/web/js/solr-syntax-check.js?rn=2.3.6"></script> <script> $(document).ready(function () { if(('localStorage' in window) && (window.localStorage !== null)) { if(localStorage.getItem('C.regsticky') != 'off'){ $('#sticky-register-to-j-stage').show(); } } $('.dropdown-toggle').on('click', function(E) { $(this).find('.glyphicon').toggleClass("glyphicon-chevron-up"); $(this).find('.glyphicon').toggleClass("glyphicon-chevron-down"); }); $('[data-toggle="tooltip"]').tooltip({}); $('.warningtooltip').tooltip(); }); window.setTimeout(set_jglobalApikey('JDEkcmFzbXVzbGUkYmhyak4xSXJxbGVKbDN1YXNXZkdYMQ=='),100); function registerStickyClose(){ $("#sticky-register-to-j-stage").hide(); if(('localStorage' in window) && (window.localStorage !== null)) { localStorage.setItem('C.regsticky', 'off'); } } function doChangeLang(langKind){ if (typeof changeLang == "function") { changeLang(langKind); return; } else { var encStr = ""; if(langKind == "ja") { encStr = "https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstage.jst.go.jp%2Fsearch%2Fglobal%2F_search%2F-char%2Fja%3Fword%3D3S%2Bmodel%26amp%3Bitem%3D5%26amp%3B"; } else { encStr = "https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstage.jst.go.jp%2Fsearch%2Fglobal%2F_search%2F-char%2Fen%3Fword%3D3S%2Bmodel%26amp%3Bitem%3D5%26amp%3B"; } location.href = decodeURIComponent(encStr); return; } } function hBack(){ var ans; var ref = document.referrer; re = new RegExp(location.hostname,"i"); if(ref.match(re)){ ans = false; }else{ ans = true } if(!ans){ history.back(); } else { location.href = "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/-char/en"; } } </script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Advanced search