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Madkour</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Al-Baha University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://cicbiogune.academia.edu/OscarMillet"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" border="0" alt="" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://cicbiogune.academia.edu/OscarMillet">Oscar Millet</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">CIC bioGUNE</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://emory.academia.edu/SusuZughaier"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Susu Zughaier" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != 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data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-06f3da82-0482-4a6d-89db-676a11939b1c"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-06f3da82-0482-4a6d-89db-676a11939b1c"></div> </a></div></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Zafar Fatmi</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529514"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529514/State_of_gaseous_air_pollutants_and_resulting_health_effects_in_Karachi_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of State of gaseous air pollutants and resulting health effects in Karachi, Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529514/State_of_gaseous_air_pollutants_and_resulting_health_effects_in_Karachi_Pakistan">State of gaseous air pollutants and resulting health effects in Karachi, Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Environmental Monitoring and Assessment</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529514"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529514"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529514; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529514]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529514]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function 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class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529513/A_comparison_of_u27cough_and_cold_u27_and_pneumonia_risk_factors_for_pneumonia_in_children_under_5_years_revisited"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A comparison of \u27cough and cold\u27 and pneumonia: risk factors for pneumonia in children under 5 years revisited" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327683/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529513/A_comparison_of_u27cough_and_cold_u27_and_pneumonia_risk_factors_for_pneumonia_in_children_under_5_years_revisited">A comparison of \u27cough and cold\u27 and pneumonia: risk factors for pneumonia in children under 5 years revisited</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify and measure the risk factors differentiating up...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify and measure the risk factors differentiating upper respiratory infection from pneumonia.Methods: The World Health Organization\u27s acute respiratory infection case management criteria were used. We studied 259 cases of pneumonia (cases) and 187 cases of \u27cough and cold\u27 (controls) among children under 5 years of age at a large tertiary-care hospital in Gilgit, Pakistan. While previous studies used healthy controls, in this study we used controls who had mild infection (\u27cough and cold\u27).Results: In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, lack of immunization (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=1.54, 95% CI 1.0, 2.3), previous history of pneumonia (AOR=1.77, 95% CI 1.16, 2.7), younger age (AOR for each preceding month in children aged up to 59 months=1.01, 95% CI 0.99, 1.03) and malnutrition (wasting) (AOR=2.2, 95% CI 1.0, 5.23) were revealed as important risk factors for pneumonia.CONCLUSIONS: Some of the factors reported ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b8b408e3e2535d83e910df6f12d44048" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327683,"asset_id":100529513,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327683/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529513"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529513"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529513; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529512"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529512/Prevalence_and_Risk_Factors_of_COPD_in_Karachi_Pakistan_Findings_from_the_Adult_Asthma_Study_Karachi"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and Risk Factors of COPD in Karachi, Pakistan: Findings from the Adult Asthma Study-Karachi" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529512/Prevalence_and_Risk_Factors_of_COPD_in_Karachi_Pakistan_Findings_from_the_Adult_Asthma_Study_Karachi">Prevalence and Risk Factors of COPD in Karachi, Pakistan: Findings from the Adult Asthma Study-Karachi</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>ISEE Conference Abstracts</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background/Aim: Limited data is available regarding burden and risk factors of COPD from developi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background/Aim: Limited data is available regarding burden and risk factors of COPD from developing countries through community based epidemiological assessment comprising spirometry. So to determi...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529512"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529512"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529512; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529512]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529512]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529512; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='100529512']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=100529512]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":100529512,"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of COPD in Karachi, Pakistan: Findings from the Adult Asthma Study-Karachi","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100529512/Prevalence_and_Risk_Factors_of_COPD_in_Karachi_Pakistan_Findings_from_the_Adult_Asthma_Study_Karachi","owner_id":59861123,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":59861123,"first_name":"Zafar","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fatmi","page_name":"ZarafAku","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-02-09T02:58:24.327-08:00","display_name":"Zafar Fatmi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZarafAku"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529511"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529511/Estimating_the_pre_and_post_diagnosis_costs_of_tuberculosis_care_for_adults_in_Karachi_Pakistan_Household_economic_impact_and_strategies_for_meeting_the_costs"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Estimating the pre- and post-diagnosis costs of tuberculosis care for adults in Karachi, Pakistan: Household economic impact and strategies for meeting the costs" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327700/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529511/Estimating_the_pre_and_post_diagnosis_costs_of_tuberculosis_care_for_adults_in_Karachi_Pakistan_Household_economic_impact_and_strategies_for_meeting_the_costs">Estimating the pre- and post-diagnosis costs of tuberculosis care for adults in Karachi, Pakistan: Household economic impact and strategies for meeting the costs</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background Despite of free TB care in Pakistan, patients still have to bear high costs which push...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background Despite of free TB care in Pakistan, patients still have to bear high costs which push them more into poverty. This study estimated the types of costs households bear for TB care, and coping mechanisms used for bearing TB expenditures among adults ≥ 18 years in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods A total of 516 TB patients with completion of at least one month intensive treatment were recruited from four public sector hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan. A standardized questionnaire to estimate patient&#39;s costs was administered. Direct medical and non-medical costs incurred as out-of-pocket and indirect costs (loss of income) during pre-diagnostic, diagnostic, treatment and hospitalization phase were estimated. Results Out of 516 participants, 52.1% were female with a mean age of 32.4 (± 13.7) years. The median costs per patient borne during the pre-diagnostic, diagnostic, treatment and hospitalization was estimated at USD63.8/ PKR7377, USD24/ PKR2755, USD10.5/ PKR1217 and USD349.0/...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5ab925ab8e890923e64f01e63f314edd" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327700,"asset_id":100529511,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327700/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529511"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529511"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529511; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "5ab925ab8e890923e64f01e63f314edd" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=100529511]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":100529511,"title":"Estimating the pre- and post-diagnosis costs of tuberculosis care for adults in Karachi, Pakistan: Household economic impact and strategies for meeting the costs","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100529511/Estimating_the_pre_and_post_diagnosis_costs_of_tuberculosis_care_for_adults_in_Karachi_Pakistan_Household_economic_impact_and_strategies_for_meeting_the_costs","owner_id":59861123,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":59861123,"first_name":"Zafar","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fatmi","page_name":"ZarafAku","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-02-09T02:58:24.327-08:00","display_name":"Zafar Fatmi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZarafAku"},"attachments":[{"id":101327700,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327700/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"72cda804-7757-44bb-bacd-e61ba010a952.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327700/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Estimating_the_pre_and_post_diagnosis_co.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/101327700/72cda804-7757-44bb-bacd-e61ba010a952-libre.pdf?1682070069=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEstimating_the_pre_and_post_diagnosis_co.pdf\u0026Expires=1740159257\u0026Signature=glJdMWt6lAemvzXiC-HVcpXlbPeZ9Npdzyd0xfkEluA7j7SMJDbxKX-2mReYDsmVrsZ3cjK-IH0ykUTWX1ByV-sG8CC1o71kd~BRDj4ZmfjfmlXoKFSG2aIQEnOsKWKTXUuYgCx8ZSKNEE8bzWZupftFVzE-oDqMa8j~qcyQTWuftGlOaNgw68Zpip2ugRiqcw0eN8BtrmhYhNZ9Pb7XmUYb1ecSNZUhZ07v4WuwPrfkQYRdgWu4fqq9-quNB~KlPd99t7fryCaX6ABy0ABLvcd~DTezVa0Bdqi9E21u9pp98yRi8brVBqBAEXB4x173Cl4GraO-plG~lOKFrPWGFA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529510"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529510/Contribution_of_house_dust_contamination_towards_lead_exposure_among_children_in_Karachi_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Contribution of house dust contamination towards lead exposure among children in Karachi, Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327702/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529510/Contribution_of_house_dust_contamination_towards_lead_exposure_among_children_in_Karachi_Pakistan">Contribution of house dust contamination towards lead exposure among children in Karachi, Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Reviews on Environmental Health</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Lead exposure is associated with impaired neurodevelopment among children. House dust is recogniz...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Lead exposure is associated with impaired neurodevelopment among children. House dust is recognized as one of the important secondary sources of lead exposure in children. We assessed the relationship between lead contamination in house dust and blood lead level in Pakistani children. We investigated lead contamination in house dust samples collected from 59 houses in Karachi, Pakistan. The lead content of house dust in Pakistan was relatively higher than that reported in previous studies. Weekly lead intakes from house dust were considerably higher among Pakistani children. In Pakistani children, 12% (7 of 58) showed lead intake values greater than the previous Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake of lead. A correlation (Pearson’s correlation = 0.37) was found between weekly lead intake from house dust and blood lead level in Pakistani children. In addition, blood lead levels were significantly higher in children with high lead intakes than in children with low and medium lead intak...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5a050b750fb55a564bbd0f2b5321ec35" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327702,"asset_id":100529510,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327702/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529510"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529510"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529510; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529509"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529509/Exploring_the_Relationship_Between_Air_Quality_and_Ischemic_Stroke_Admissions_During_the_COVID_19_Pandemic"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Exploring the Relationship Between Air Quality and Ischemic Stroke Admissions During the COVID-19 Pandemic" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529509/Exploring_the_Relationship_Between_Air_Quality_and_Ischemic_Stroke_Admissions_During_the_COVID_19_Pandemic">Exploring the Relationship Between Air Quality and Ischemic Stroke Admissions During the COVID-19 Pandemic</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background and purpose Amongst all the global catastrophe due to Coronavirus disease 2019, a sign...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background and purpose Amongst all the global catastrophe due to Coronavirus disease 2019, a significant bright spot is a reduction in air pollution as countries undergo lockdowns to limit the spread of infection. Another reduction that has been reported is in the number of strokes presenting to hospitals, despite the virus implicated in causing a hypercoagulable state. Acute exposure to air pollution has been linked to increase in stroke incidence and the improvement in air quality may be responsible for the decrease in stroke presentations. Methods To explore this hypothesis, we compared the air quality index (AQI) of Karachi, the largest cosmopolitan city of Pakistan, during the lockdown period in 2020 to the same period in the previous year. Results We found a significant drop in AQI depicting an improvement in air quality. Simultaneously, we identified a drop in number of stroke admissions to less than half from 2019 to 2020 at one of the largest tertiary care hospitals of the city, during this period of interest. Conclusion: We hypothesize that one important reason for this drop in stroke admissions, may be an actual reduction in stroke incidence brought about by an improvement in air quality.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529509"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529509"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529509; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529509]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529509]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529509; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='100529509']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529508"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529508/Indoor_urban_environment_and_conventional_risk_factors_for_pediatric_tuberculosis_among_1_12_years_old_children_in_a_megacity_in_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Indoor urban environment and conventional risk factors for pediatric tuberculosis among 1-12 years old children in a megacity in Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327701/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529508/Indoor_urban_environment_and_conventional_risk_factors_for_pediatric_tuberculosis_among_1_12_years_old_children_in_a_megacity_in_Pakistan">Indoor urban environment and conventional risk factors for pediatric tuberculosis among 1-12 years old children in a megacity in Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Environmental Epidemiology</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Results Several anthropometry measures were associated with the development of BCL, DLBCL, MM, an...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Results Several anthropometry measures were associated with the development of BCL, DLBCL, MM, and CLL. We found significant associations between consumption of dairy products and calcium and BCL and DLBCL, between fat and lower risk of CLL, between sugar and confectionary and FL, and between Mediterranean diet score, fish/shellfish, and Vit D and lower risk of DLBCL. Current smoking>25/day was related to CLL, DLBCL. Moreover, manual work activity and high physical activity were associated with incidence of BCL and DLBCL. Conclusions Using a novel EWAS approach, several exposures were found to be associated with BCL and its subtypes. Some of these were previously unknown, providing new insight in the development of BCL and highlighting the value of exposome-wide association studies.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4ee3f03479c4bb1b775cc53277430ece" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327701,"asset_id":100529508,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327701/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529508"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529508"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529508; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529508]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529508]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529508; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='100529508']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4ee3f03479c4bb1b775cc53277430ece" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=100529508]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":100529508,"title":"Indoor urban environment and conventional risk factors for pediatric tuberculosis among 1-12 years old children in a megacity in Pakistan","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100529508/Indoor_urban_environment_and_conventional_risk_factors_for_pediatric_tuberculosis_among_1_12_years_old_children_in_a_megacity_in_Pakistan","owner_id":59861123,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":59861123,"first_name":"Zafar","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fatmi","page_name":"ZarafAku","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-02-09T02:58:24.327-08:00","display_name":"Zafar Fatmi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZarafAku"},"attachments":[{"id":101327701,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327701/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"01.ee9.0000609816.32174.f320230421-1-f0xp4w.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327701/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Indoor_urban_environment_and_conventiona.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/101327701/01.ee9.0000609816.32174.f320230421-1-f0xp4w-libre.pdf?1682070044=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIndoor_urban_environment_and_conventiona.pdf\u0026Expires=1740159257\u0026Signature=LiN5MaTG2x2fqBzVHgG3zGwfbDMuRrF8w25cnYe-kjeC6NFTHDAh9KUjmACeo~NwMyvU9YhDDDJs-~yUvTdsq4Wym8PU~FAguDCrolW-dhcCz38nBBWazKu~U3hQFLTjyoNQtsFIeJsGb0BEJsuGd6uKppmIJxZ-gF~dPEna8gula4~TQOV5NL9eu0cM962NWmSAp5izzyyDIyrD5VA1BmfImhBMPHPmMtYmXQLgwutRPqMOW9Lat9rgp9iXDEvrUPPNh~EQfM72Mx~C-lWEBWPNf30Vw9Y-Fztn50~qflVU6vC7ZWMJ1VmgaExdQeKg9NQmj0USc9RFwrdIhB6feA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529507"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529507/Kangaroo_mother_care_opportunities_and_implications_for_rural_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Kangaroo mother care: opportunities and implications for rural Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327699/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529507/Kangaroo_mother_care_opportunities_and_implications_for_rural_Pakistan">Kangaroo mother care: opportunities and implications for rural Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Neonatal mortality comprises 40% of total under-5 mortality, globally. Kangaroo mother care (KMC)...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Neonatal mortality comprises 40% of total under-5 mortality, globally. Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is one of the most cost-effective interventions to reduce neonatal mortality. KMC does not require highend equipment, intensive care facilities or technical knowledge. A recent meta-analysis reported that KMC may reduce neonatal mortality in preterm and low birth weight neonates up to 36%. A review of enablers and barriers of KMC suggests that KMC can be integrated in maternal health care system by giving awareness, involving family and giving ownership of the intervention to the community. If supported with minimal incentives it would reduce the cost of health care substantially, reduce patient burden on hospitals by reducing hospital stay in postnatal period. It will reduce financial burden, time strain and help eliminate social taboos regarding preterm and low birth weight neonates. Hospital and community based KMC inte r v e ntion s sho uld be tes te d in Pa k ist an .</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7a5fe60627143a63fc8944c4c9505e14" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327699,"asset_id":100529507,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327699/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529507"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529507"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529507; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529507]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529507]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529507; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='100529507']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529503"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529503/Factors_associated_with_geriatric_morbidity_and_impairment_in_a_megacity_of_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Factors associated with geriatric morbidity and impairment in a megacity of Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327697/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529503/Factors_associated_with_geriatric_morbidity_and_impairment_in_a_megacity_of_Pakistan">Factors associated with geriatric morbidity and impairment in a megacity of Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>PLOS ONE</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background The elderly population is increasing globally. In Pakistan, the elderly comprise 6% of...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background The elderly population is increasing globally. In Pakistan, the elderly comprise 6% of the population that is predicted to triple by 2050. Non-communicable diseases are common health problems of the elderly in Pakistan, however, resulting geriatric impairments and disability are unknown. This study was conducted to determine geriatric impairments and identify associated socio-demographic factors and comorbidities among community dwelling elderly in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted during 2013-2014. Community clusters were selected from all sub-districts of Karachi, the largest city of Pakistan. Data was collected from systematically selected households within these clusters from individuals, aged �60 years, using standardized questionnaires. Geriatric impairment was assessed through validated questions and tools. We screened for depression, dementia, mobility and functional status. Descriptive statistics were computed for socio-demographic factors. We estimated the prevalence and 95% CI for geriatric impairments and comorbidities. Results A total of 1200 community-dwelling elderly participated in this study. More than half (n = 663, 55.3%) were females. The average age of the participants was 68.7 (SD = 7.8) years. Two-thirds suffered from chronic illness and the most common impairments were psychological and cognitive. Females were 2.45 times more at risk of developing three or more geriatric impairments. Participants with no formal education had the highest proportion (43.8%) of geriatric impairments. Participants living with more children were more likely to have three or more impairments. Conclusion A high burden of non-communicable diseases and associated impairments were identified among elderly in Karachi, Pakistan. High rates of psychological and cognitive impairments</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bb286898ee18e714f58e44060670ba76" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327697,"asset_id":100529503,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327697/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529503"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529503"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529503; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529502"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529502/Coronary_heart_disease_and_household_air_pollution_from_use_of_solid_fuel_a_systematic_review"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Coronary heart disease and household air pollution from use of solid fuel: a systematic review" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327679/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529502/Coronary_heart_disease_and_household_air_pollution_from_use_of_solid_fuel_a_systematic_review">Coronary heart disease and household air pollution from use of solid fuel: a systematic review</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>British Medical Bulletin</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Evidence is emerging that indoor air pollution (IAP) from use of solid fuels for cook...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Evidence is emerging that indoor air pollution (IAP) from use of solid fuels for cooking and heating may be an important risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). Sources of data: We searched the Ovid Medline, Embase Classic, Embase and Web of Science databases from inception through to June 12, 2015, to identify reports of primary epidemiological research concerning the relationship of CHD to IAP from solid fuel, the likely magnitude of any increase in risk, and potential pathogenic mechanisms. Areas of agreement: The current balance of epidemiological evidence points to an increased risk of CHD from IAP as a consequence of using solid, and especially biomass, fuels for cooking and heating. Relative risks from long-term exposure could be 2-to 4-fold. Areas of controversy: The evidence base is still limited, and although an association of CHD with such IAP from solid fuel is consistent with the known hazards from smoking, environmental tobacco smoke and ambient air pollution, and supported by evidence of effects on inflammatory processes, atherosclerosis and blood pressure, it requires confirmation by larger and more robust studies. Growing points: The completion of two relatively small case-control studies on CHD and IAP from use of biomass fuel demonstrates the feasibility of such research, and is an encouragement to further, larger studies using similar methods.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5153d6ecd1624521b92570c3217dad3e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327679,"asset_id":100529502,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327679/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529502"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529502"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529502; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529501"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529501/882_Impact_of_three_wheeler_ban_policy_on_road_traffic_injuries_in_Karachi_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 882 Impact of three wheeler ban policy on road traffic injuries in Karachi, Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327696/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529501/882_Impact_of_three_wheeler_ban_policy_on_road_traffic_injuries_in_Karachi_Pakistan">882 Impact of three wheeler ban policy on road traffic injuries in Karachi, Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Injury Prevention</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">significantly improved through the development of data analysis. Narrative text mining is demandi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">significantly improved through the development of data analysis. Narrative text mining is demanding also because of the multiplicity of languages spoken in the world.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="70ee850599785f6e0a8c7e58869e6f88" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327696,"asset_id":100529501,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327696/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529501"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529501"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529501; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529499"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529499/Exposure_assessment_of_lead_from_food_and_airborne_dusts_and_biomonitoring_in_pregnant_mothers_their_fetus_and_siblings_in_Karachi_Pakistan_and_Shimotsuke_Japan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Exposure assessment of lead from food and airborne dusts and biomonitoring in pregnant mothers, their fetus and siblings in Karachi, Pakistan and Shimotsuke, Japan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529499/Exposure_assessment_of_lead_from_food_and_airborne_dusts_and_biomonitoring_in_pregnant_mothers_their_fetus_and_siblings_in_Karachi_Pakistan_and_Shimotsuke_Japan">Exposure assessment of lead from food and airborne dusts and biomonitoring in pregnant mothers, their fetus and siblings in Karachi, Pakistan and Shimotsuke, Japan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Reviews on Environmental Health</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Aim: Exposure assessment of lead (Pb) and Arsenic (As) from food, water, and house dust intake we...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Aim: Exposure assessment of lead (Pb) and Arsenic (As) from food, water, and house dust intake were assessed among pregnant women, their children and fetuses in Pakistan and Japan, as well as their body burden of the metals in their blood. Method: Fifty families which included a pregnant woman, a fetus and the 1–3-year-old siblings were recruited in Karachi and Khairpur in Pakistan, and Shimotsuke and Asahikawa in Japan, respectively. Their dietary exposure to Pb and As was measured in 3-day food duplicates and drinking water by ICP-MP. Pb in house dust and respirable dust was evaluated with an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Non-radioactive isotope Pb profiles of blood specimens will be compared with those of the exposure origins, such as food duplicates, respirable house dust, the soils nearby, and gasoline. Results: Judging from the data collected and analyzed so far, contribution from dietary intake is highly correlated to higher body burden of Pb among Pakist...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529499"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529499"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529499; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529499]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529499]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529499; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='100529499']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=100529499]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":100529499,"title":"Exposure assessment of lead from food and airborne dusts and biomonitoring in pregnant mothers, their fetus and siblings in Karachi, Pakistan and Shimotsuke, Japan","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100529499/Exposure_assessment_of_lead_from_food_and_airborne_dusts_and_biomonitoring_in_pregnant_mothers_their_fetus_and_siblings_in_Karachi_Pakistan_and_Shimotsuke_Japan","owner_id":59861123,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":59861123,"first_name":"Zafar","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fatmi","page_name":"ZarafAku","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-02-09T02:58:24.327-08:00","display_name":"Zafar Fatmi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZarafAku"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529498"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529498/Chronic_bronchitis_and_COPD_among_textile_workers_in_Pakistan_Findings_from_a_cross_sectional_survey"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Chronic bronchitis and COPD among textile workers in Pakistan: Findings from a cross-sectional survey" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529498/Chronic_bronchitis_and_COPD_among_textile_workers_in_Pakistan_Findings_from_a_cross_sectional_survey">Chronic bronchitis and COPD among textile workers in Pakistan: Findings from a cross-sectional survey</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>European Respiratory Journal</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: There is scarce data regarding burden of chronic bronchitis and COPD assessed through...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: There is scarce data regarding burden of chronic bronchitis and COPD assessed through spirometry among textile workers globally, especially in developing countries. Aims: To determine the prevalence and predictors of chronic bronchitis and COPD among textile workers in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: This cross-sectional survey involved 372 male textile workers from 15 mills of Karachi. Data were collected through American Thoracic Society respiratory questionnaire (ATS-DLD-78-a) and spirometry. Results: The overall prevalence of chronic bronchitis was 7.8% (9.1% for ≥40 years) and COPD 6.7% (27.2% for ≥40 years). Workers categorized as having chronic bronchitis were found to have significantly decreased lung function compared to the healthy workers. Those reporting severe self-perceived dust exposure at work, ≥10 pack years of smoking, uneducated, increased duration of work ≥11 years, and ever smokers were more likely to have chronic bronchitis or COPD. In the multivariate analyses, severe self-perceived dust exposure at work (AOR = 7.4; 95% CI: 1.9, 28.0), family history of respiratory illness/symptoms (AOR = 4.8; 95% CI: 1.1, 20.9) and lack of education (AOR = 4.2; 95% CI: 1.1, 16.9) were significant predictors of chronic bronchitis. While duration of work ≥11 years (AOR = 5.5; 95% CI: 1.5, 19.7) and pack years of smoking ≥10 years (AOR = 3.5; 95% CI: 1.1, 11.7) were found to be strong predictors for COPD. Conclusion: This study found high prevalence of chronic bronchitis and COPD among textile workers and identifies important predictors for prevention.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529498"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529498"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529498; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529498]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529498]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529498; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='100529498']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=100529498]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":100529498,"title":"Chronic bronchitis and COPD among textile workers in Pakistan: Findings from a cross-sectional survey","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100529498/Chronic_bronchitis_and_COPD_among_textile_workers_in_Pakistan_Findings_from_a_cross_sectional_survey","owner_id":59861123,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":59861123,"first_name":"Zafar","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fatmi","page_name":"ZarafAku","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-02-09T02:58:24.327-08:00","display_name":"Zafar Fatmi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZarafAku"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529490"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529490/Tackling_Non_Communicable_Diseases_In_Low_and_Middle_Income_Countries_Is_the_Evidence_from_High_Income_Countries_All_We_Need"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Tackling Non-Communicable Diseases In Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Is the Evidence from High-Income Countries All We Need?" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327694/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529490/Tackling_Non_Communicable_Diseases_In_Low_and_Middle_Income_Countries_Is_the_Evidence_from_High_Income_Countries_All_We_Need">Tackling Non-Communicable Diseases In Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Is the Evidence from High-Income Countries All We Need?</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>PLoS Medicine</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The Essay section contains opinion pieces on topics of broad interest to a general medical audience.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3f873d77e2d77448159e404de8cea7cd" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327694,"asset_id":100529490,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327694/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529490"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529490"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529490; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529486"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529486/Factors_affecting_the_utilization_of_antenatal_care_in_developing_countries_systematic_review_of_the_literature"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Factors affecting the utilization of antenatal care in developing countries: systematic review of the literature" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327703/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529486/Factors_affecting_the_utilization_of_antenatal_care_in_developing_countries_systematic_review_of_the_literature">Factors affecting the utilization of antenatal care in developing countries: systematic review of the literature</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Advanced Nursing</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Factors affecting the utilization of antenatal care in developing countries: systematic review of...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Factors affecting the utilization of antenatal care in developing countries: systematic review of the literature.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="57a18d8129ad08a936f5301830585e13" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327703,"asset_id":100529486,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327703/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529486"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529486"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529486; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529458"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529458/Impact_of_Floods_on_District_Health_Care_System_Resilience_to_Maintain_Health_Care_Services_in_Pakistan_A_Qualitative_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Impact of Floods on District Health Care System Resilience to Maintain Health Care Services in Pakistan: A Qualitative Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529458/Impact_of_Floods_on_District_Health_Care_System_Resilience_to_Maintain_Health_Care_Services_in_Pakistan_A_Qualitative_Study">Impact of Floods on District Health Care System Resilience to Maintain Health Care Services in Pakistan: A Qualitative Study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>SSRN Electronic Journal</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529458"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529458"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529458; 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87328586"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87328586/EEL_Fish_Bite_An_Impending_Emergency_in_Arabian_Sea"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of EEL Fish Bite: An Impending Emergency in Arabian Sea" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91568251/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87328586/EEL_Fish_Bite_An_Impending_Emergency_in_Arabian_Sea">EEL Fish Bite: An Impending Emergency in Arabian Sea</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="936abc83ef7e45a336702227bf2c2363" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":91568251,"asset_id":87328586,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91568251/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87328586"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87328586"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87328586; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "936abc83ef7e45a336702227bf2c2363" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87328586]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87328586,"title":"EEL Fish Bite: An Impending Emergency in Arabian Sea","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87328586/EEL_Fish_Bite_An_Impending_Emergency_in_Arabian_Sea","owner_id":59861123,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":59861123,"first_name":"Zafar","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fatmi","page_name":"ZarafAku","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-02-09T02:58:24.327-08:00","display_name":"Zafar Fatmi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZarafAku"},"attachments":[{"id":91568251,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91568251/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"viewcontent.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91568251/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"EEL_Fish_Bite_An_Impending_Emergency_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/91568251/viewcontent-libre.pdf?1664189655=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEEL_Fish_Bite_An_Impending_Emergency_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1740159257\u0026Signature=OuWdqZY7noLGN0RrXXR0HlGiLe7SwZoQc9jJo5HnMWaMf1ApWhYcnrPPL9P8avfbS62nizqxBYsbvEyZIAMKmem49~SrlY-sYjy4c8cFylBnAWPhHVb0nl8wVi7V-o3OBnTCuK3MjScdi1-IBGITryGb5yhjD1wnBfnwptj3bvCuQQsWDB9XeG8zEYkmFEmDBujYUcr2d4dRfFRdE~blLnzJVh0b7V1ayP2Rh~~XO9y~gp~0daLlq0n1uVPBJIby7WkTQpqRzuuqxKHgA~GlCFYTXDWojtL43FOj7CeoF7deKizklRS-1sXE021Pn9eVzHqd4Eh7weX2kamJZVncPA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87328585"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/87328585/Frequency_of_hypercalcemia_in_patients_of_multiple_myeloma_in_Karachi"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Frequency of hypercalcemia in patients of multiple myeloma in Karachi" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/87328585/Frequency_of_hypercalcemia_in_patients_of_multiple_myeloma_in_Karachi">Frequency of hypercalcemia in patients of multiple myeloma in Karachi</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP</span><span>, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To determine the frequency of hypercalcemia and skeletal abnormalities in multiple myeloma patien...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To determine the frequency of hypercalcemia and skeletal abnormalities in multiple myeloma patients. Cross-sectional study. Study was conducted from January 1999 to July 2004 at the Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Medical records of all the diagnosed cases of multiple myeloma at their presentation to hospital were reviewed. The frequency of hypercalcemia and skeletal lesions was calculated. Independent sample t-test and chi-square test as appropriate, was applied to calculate the difference in parameters between normocalcemic and hypercalcemic patients. Sixty-seven percent patients were males and 33% were females. The mean age was 61-/+11 years. Of the 105 study patients, 51.2% had hypercalcemia (S.Ca &gt;2.64 mmol/l). Radiological survey showed different levels of skeletal involvement in 89.8% of patients. It was also found that 94.3% of hypercalcemic patients had skeletal lesions, out of which 20% had advanced (stage 3) bone lesi...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87328585"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87328585"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87328585; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87328585]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87328585]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87328585; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87328585']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87328585]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87328585,"title":"Frequency of hypercalcemia in patients of multiple myeloma in Karachi","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87328585/Frequency_of_hypercalcemia_in_patients_of_multiple_myeloma_in_Karachi","owner_id":59861123,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":59861123,"first_name":"Zafar","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fatmi","page_name":"ZarafAku","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-02-09T02:58:24.327-08:00","display_name":"Zafar Fatmi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZarafAku"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87328584"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87328584/Comparison_of_clinical_and_laparascopic_features_of_infertile_women_suffering_from_genital_tuberculosis_TB_or_pelvic_inflammatory_disease_PID_or_endometriosis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of clinical and laparascopic features of infertile women suffering from genital tuberculosis (TB) or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or endometriosis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91568248/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87328584/Comparison_of_clinical_and_laparascopic_features_of_infertile_women_suffering_from_genital_tuberculosis_TB_or_pelvic_inflammatory_disease_PID_or_endometriosis">Comparison of clinical and laparascopic features of infertile women suffering from genital tuberculosis (TB) or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or endometriosis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association</span><span>, 2001</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The objective of the study was to analyze the clinical and laparoscopic features, which may help ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The objective of the study was to analyze the clinical and laparoscopic features, which may help to differentiate between infertility in females due to Genital Tuberculosis from Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) and Endometriosis. This case control study was carried out in a teaching tertiary care hospital. Medical records were searched from 1st January 1987 to 31st December 2000 and 43 infertile women with biopsy proven genital tract tuberculosis were found. Equal number of infertile females with diagnosed PID and Endometriosis were randomly selected. Comparisons were done between features of Genital Tuberculosis with PID and Endometriosis separately and also genital tuberculosis with combined controls of PID and Endometriosis. Patients with genital tuberculosis commonly had primary infertility. PID and Endometriosis patients had early menarche and increased duration of menstruation. On physical examination, patients with Genital Tuberculosis were found to have short heights. No si...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d8555e5e8b280354f0ac45eee2c8c007" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":91568248,"asset_id":87328584,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91568248/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87328584"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87328584"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87328584; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87328584]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87328584]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87328584; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87328584']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d8555e5e8b280354f0ac45eee2c8c007" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87328584]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87328584,"title":"Comparison of clinical and laparascopic features of infertile women suffering from genital tuberculosis (TB) or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or endometriosis","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87328584/Comparison_of_clinical_and_laparascopic_features_of_infertile_women_suffering_from_genital_tuberculosis_TB_or_pelvic_inflammatory_disease_PID_or_endometriosis","owner_id":59861123,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":59861123,"first_name":"Zafar","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fatmi","page_name":"ZarafAku","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-02-09T02:58:24.327-08:00","display_name":"Zafar Fatmi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZarafAku"},"attachments":[{"id":91568248,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91568248/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2801.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91568248/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Comparison_of_clinical_and_laparascopic.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/91568248/2801-libre.pdf?1664189659=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DComparison_of_clinical_and_laparascopic.pdf\u0026Expires=1740159257\u0026Signature=DtyxIlhmfsuWaUWdmKXgIKYJXB5XuVpOXjTZfbVs0~mXJFHN6GLV-N-zjnIb19lxPPfkYCscRuKaUUxF7ef8bxR~KuYTb73gsbnSfopu1SP033A1gsLWyUStTbpifxjvif7M92xkZrJSaNu5iH6nnlBUMZtwwVqs8WWqgmNx~H0T5pb7ZMnWkEMiK6TbfAfLaw7g3ypZNHMhAYeLv9YDf4QWAV9xie0UEdSNUqkM2duUlrfqJvirqYEAvJiV5kRNmhcz067Vy8e8dZO~v99b~HGEoycfHNr4tppBNDEbMZ8NQ9fYrkK7rX5EgTb94DsWWGZR9igy-b~HqAyi58XeeA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87328583"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/87328583/Chewing_of_betel_areca_and_tobacco_perceptions_and_knowledge_regarding_their_role_in_head_and_neck_cancers_in_an_urban_squatter_settlement_in_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Chewing of betel, areca and tobacco: perceptions and knowledge regarding their role in head and neck cancers in an urban squatter settlement in Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/87328583/Chewing_of_betel_areca_and_tobacco_perceptions_and_knowledge_regarding_their_role_in_head_and_neck_cancers_in_an_urban_squatter_settlement_in_Pakistan">Chewing of betel, areca and tobacco: perceptions and knowledge regarding their role in head and neck cancers in an urban squatter settlement in Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The link of betel, areca and chewable tobacco with head and neck cancers is clearly established. ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The link of betel, areca and chewable tobacco with head and neck cancers is clearly established. Fifty eight percent of the global head and neck cancers occur in South and Southeast Asia, where chewing of betel, areca and tobacco are common. This study was carried out to establish the pattern of use of Paan, Chaalia, Gutka, Niswar, Tumbaku and Naas among population of squatter settlement of Karachi and to determine the perceptions and knowledge regarding their role in the etiology of head and neck cancers. It was a cross-sectional study, performed at Bilal colony in Karachi. Through systematic sampling, 425 subjects [a male and female from a household] were interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Knowledge regarding etiology of head and neck cancers was classified in ordinals of &quot;good&quot;, &quot;some&quot; and &quot;poor&quot;, for each substance separately, while practices were classified into &quot;daily user&quot;, &quot;occasional user&quot; and &quot;never user&quot...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87328583"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87328583"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87328583; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87328583]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87328583]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87328583; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87328583']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87328583]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87328583,"title":"Chewing of betel, areca and tobacco: perceptions and knowledge regarding their role in head and neck cancers in an urban squatter settlement in Pakistan","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87328583/Chewing_of_betel_areca_and_tobacco_perceptions_and_knowledge_regarding_their_role_in_head_and_neck_cancers_in_an_urban_squatter_settlement_in_Pakistan","owner_id":59861123,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":59861123,"first_name":"Zafar","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fatmi","page_name":"ZarafAku","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-02-09T02:58:24.327-08:00","display_name":"Zafar Fatmi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZarafAku"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="6504925" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529514"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529514/State_of_gaseous_air_pollutants_and_resulting_health_effects_in_Karachi_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of State of gaseous air pollutants and resulting health effects in Karachi, Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529514/State_of_gaseous_air_pollutants_and_resulting_health_effects_in_Karachi_Pakistan">State of gaseous air pollutants and resulting health effects in Karachi, Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Environmental Monitoring and Assessment</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529514"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529514"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529514; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529514]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529514]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529514; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='100529514']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=100529514]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":100529514,"title":"State of gaseous air pollutants and resulting health effects in Karachi, Pakistan","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100529514/State_of_gaseous_air_pollutants_and_resulting_health_effects_in_Karachi_Pakistan","owner_id":59861123,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":59861123,"first_name":"Zafar","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fatmi","page_name":"ZarafAku","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-02-09T02:58:24.327-08:00","display_name":"Zafar Fatmi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZarafAku"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529513"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529513/A_comparison_of_u27cough_and_cold_u27_and_pneumonia_risk_factors_for_pneumonia_in_children_under_5_years_revisited"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A comparison of \u27cough and cold\u27 and pneumonia: risk factors for pneumonia in children under 5 years revisited" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327683/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529513/A_comparison_of_u27cough_and_cold_u27_and_pneumonia_risk_factors_for_pneumonia_in_children_under_5_years_revisited">A comparison of \u27cough and cold\u27 and pneumonia: risk factors for pneumonia in children under 5 years revisited</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify and measure the risk factors differentiating up...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify and measure the risk factors differentiating upper respiratory infection from pneumonia.Methods: The World Health Organization\u27s acute respiratory infection case management criteria were used. We studied 259 cases of pneumonia (cases) and 187 cases of \u27cough and cold\u27 (controls) among children under 5 years of age at a large tertiary-care hospital in Gilgit, Pakistan. While previous studies used healthy controls, in this study we used controls who had mild infection (\u27cough and cold\u27).Results: In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, lack of immunization (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=1.54, 95% CI 1.0, 2.3), previous history of pneumonia (AOR=1.77, 95% CI 1.16, 2.7), younger age (AOR for each preceding month in children aged up to 59 months=1.01, 95% CI 0.99, 1.03) and malnutrition (wasting) (AOR=2.2, 95% CI 1.0, 5.23) were revealed as important risk factors for pneumonia.CONCLUSIONS: Some of the factors reported ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b8b408e3e2535d83e910df6f12d44048" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327683,"asset_id":100529513,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327683/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529513"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529513"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529513; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529513]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529513]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529513; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='100529513']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b8b408e3e2535d83e910df6f12d44048" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=100529513]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":100529513,"title":"A comparison of \\u27cough and cold\\u27 and pneumonia: risk factors for pneumonia in children under 5 years revisited","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100529513/A_comparison_of_u27cough_and_cold_u27_and_pneumonia_risk_factors_for_pneumonia_in_children_under_5_years_revisited","owner_id":59861123,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":59861123,"first_name":"Zafar","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fatmi","page_name":"ZarafAku","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-02-09T02:58:24.327-08:00","display_name":"Zafar Fatmi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZarafAku","email":"bzB4MThSdkQ0czdnWXRoc1UwR1NJMFc0SzJwcDBhZHhuam9zNklrNVBvaz0tLUxsdGdOOHIxY0FrbWxKaGpSQk1uUXc9PQ==--cb195c1d2d46e682f60a186d0e49fa3d5b73af7b"},"attachments":[{"id":101327683,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327683/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"212884356.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327683/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"A_comparison_of_u27cough_and_cold_u27_an.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/101327683/212884356-libre.pdf?1682070050=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_comparison_of_u27cough_and_cold_u27_an.pdf\u0026Expires=1740129320\u0026Signature=LteRAChuT5QDZCn8hVsa4eGR1C3Z7a3BgpR205GiO6uBSFhc8XaW-YeeNYbW720BK12raqRA~0UHBgS9N5Tk2Uwp40fp53~h-wBu1g3TLf5oeKhvMxUA3izTZtqLlhtkoowaTk3xGmFxWfGwwr6augV3-oxbaNBhEBTpk~O~VVGzXNea~GuGn8qxTXUOK-ImMIVD2Sjj30Kjbis8buCoilf44MJtheP~l8aW4AgOUyp~tWzqkI5h5ZMbLeyYcUsL1dD7U73KZn1vhiYaLk22a1B8RLP2x7OFBBilFOw7OqC3QiQphiQ6WcfV8iybOauCUF2PHoKjlSez3uDsbpPlhg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":101327684,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327684/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"212884356.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327684/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"A_comparison_of_u27cough_and_cold_u27_an.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/101327684/212884356-libre.pdf?1682070051=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_comparison_of_u27cough_and_cold_u27_an.pdf\u0026Expires=1740129320\u0026Signature=T7wAufyXvsY7RsQKg9vXryfmx425VlfIJGUrCRtAYj4lXANEWruM4ag-l3mEIm2pnikdee6OxzDgcCbipO1kVgq8Nhh6HvwPbzG6QkmBMJsEsg0~rU79kHT0fEnNmri9wg0MYnqxE8MvaHKCgBbyeEOv0X2Yd628mzl0jZevHSx3l6ZVSpTd~Ybp71VzRbPxeCcCWryIhJ1pytccGa7ASEzyrOFg2oQC0XOfGiLRFKBwPfb~kUv02V2UIiXOO5LG7JwCwBm2j~xzwROBdQsyxUPXYgHDkdxIkyxImsMZkXVrHQVXUCExROs0F5qtHIrFGeW52isTZUqiTA3KYK7GVw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529512"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529512/Prevalence_and_Risk_Factors_of_COPD_in_Karachi_Pakistan_Findings_from_the_Adult_Asthma_Study_Karachi"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and Risk Factors of COPD in Karachi, Pakistan: Findings from the Adult Asthma Study-Karachi" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529512/Prevalence_and_Risk_Factors_of_COPD_in_Karachi_Pakistan_Findings_from_the_Adult_Asthma_Study_Karachi">Prevalence and Risk Factors of COPD in Karachi, Pakistan: Findings from the Adult Asthma Study-Karachi</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>ISEE Conference Abstracts</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background/Aim: Limited data is available regarding burden and risk factors of COPD from developi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background/Aim: Limited data is available regarding burden and risk factors of COPD from developing countries through community based epidemiological assessment comprising spirometry. So to determi...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529512"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529512"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529512; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529512]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529512]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529512; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='100529512']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=100529512]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":100529512,"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of COPD in Karachi, Pakistan: Findings from the Adult Asthma Study-Karachi","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100529512/Prevalence_and_Risk_Factors_of_COPD_in_Karachi_Pakistan_Findings_from_the_Adult_Asthma_Study_Karachi","owner_id":59861123,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":59861123,"first_name":"Zafar","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fatmi","page_name":"ZarafAku","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-02-09T02:58:24.327-08:00","display_name":"Zafar Fatmi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZarafAku"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529511"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529511/Estimating_the_pre_and_post_diagnosis_costs_of_tuberculosis_care_for_adults_in_Karachi_Pakistan_Household_economic_impact_and_strategies_for_meeting_the_costs"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Estimating the pre- and post-diagnosis costs of tuberculosis care for adults in Karachi, Pakistan: Household economic impact and strategies for meeting the costs" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327700/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529511/Estimating_the_pre_and_post_diagnosis_costs_of_tuberculosis_care_for_adults_in_Karachi_Pakistan_Household_economic_impact_and_strategies_for_meeting_the_costs">Estimating the pre- and post-diagnosis costs of tuberculosis care for adults in Karachi, Pakistan: Household economic impact and strategies for meeting the costs</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background Despite of free TB care in Pakistan, patients still have to bear high costs which push...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background Despite of free TB care in Pakistan, patients still have to bear high costs which push them more into poverty. This study estimated the types of costs households bear for TB care, and coping mechanisms used for bearing TB expenditures among adults ≥ 18 years in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods A total of 516 TB patients with completion of at least one month intensive treatment were recruited from four public sector hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan. A standardized questionnaire to estimate patient&#39;s costs was administered. Direct medical and non-medical costs incurred as out-of-pocket and indirect costs (loss of income) during pre-diagnostic, diagnostic, treatment and hospitalization phase were estimated. Results Out of 516 participants, 52.1% were female with a mean age of 32.4 (± 13.7) years. The median costs per patient borne during the pre-diagnostic, diagnostic, treatment and hospitalization was estimated at USD63.8/ PKR7377, USD24/ PKR2755, USD10.5/ PKR1217 and USD349.0/...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5ab925ab8e890923e64f01e63f314edd" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327700,"asset_id":100529511,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327700/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529511"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529511"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529511; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529511]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529511]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529511; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='100529511']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "5ab925ab8e890923e64f01e63f314edd" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=100529511]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":100529511,"title":"Estimating the pre- and post-diagnosis costs of tuberculosis care for adults in Karachi, Pakistan: Household economic impact and strategies for meeting the costs","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100529511/Estimating_the_pre_and_post_diagnosis_costs_of_tuberculosis_care_for_adults_in_Karachi_Pakistan_Household_economic_impact_and_strategies_for_meeting_the_costs","owner_id":59861123,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":59861123,"first_name":"Zafar","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fatmi","page_name":"ZarafAku","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-02-09T02:58:24.327-08:00","display_name":"Zafar Fatmi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZarafAku"},"attachments":[{"id":101327700,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327700/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"72cda804-7757-44bb-bacd-e61ba010a952.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327700/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Estimating_the_pre_and_post_diagnosis_co.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/101327700/72cda804-7757-44bb-bacd-e61ba010a952-libre.pdf?1682070069=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEstimating_the_pre_and_post_diagnosis_co.pdf\u0026Expires=1740159257\u0026Signature=glJdMWt6lAemvzXiC-HVcpXlbPeZ9Npdzyd0xfkEluA7j7SMJDbxKX-2mReYDsmVrsZ3cjK-IH0ykUTWX1ByV-sG8CC1o71kd~BRDj4ZmfjfmlXoKFSG2aIQEnOsKWKTXUuYgCx8ZSKNEE8bzWZupftFVzE-oDqMa8j~qcyQTWuftGlOaNgw68Zpip2ugRiqcw0eN8BtrmhYhNZ9Pb7XmUYb1ecSNZUhZ07v4WuwPrfkQYRdgWu4fqq9-quNB~KlPd99t7fryCaX6ABy0ABLvcd~DTezVa0Bdqi9E21u9pp98yRi8brVBqBAEXB4x173Cl4GraO-plG~lOKFrPWGFA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529510"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529510/Contribution_of_house_dust_contamination_towards_lead_exposure_among_children_in_Karachi_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Contribution of house dust contamination towards lead exposure among children in Karachi, Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327702/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529510/Contribution_of_house_dust_contamination_towards_lead_exposure_among_children_in_Karachi_Pakistan">Contribution of house dust contamination towards lead exposure among children in Karachi, Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Reviews on Environmental Health</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Lead exposure is associated with impaired neurodevelopment among children. House dust is recogniz...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Lead exposure is associated with impaired neurodevelopment among children. House dust is recognized as one of the important secondary sources of lead exposure in children. We assessed the relationship between lead contamination in house dust and blood lead level in Pakistani children. We investigated lead contamination in house dust samples collected from 59 houses in Karachi, Pakistan. The lead content of house dust in Pakistan was relatively higher than that reported in previous studies. Weekly lead intakes from house dust were considerably higher among Pakistani children. In Pakistani children, 12% (7 of 58) showed lead intake values greater than the previous Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake of lead. A correlation (Pearson’s correlation = 0.37) was found between weekly lead intake from house dust and blood lead level in Pakistani children. In addition, blood lead levels were significantly higher in children with high lead intakes than in children with low and medium lead intak...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5a050b750fb55a564bbd0f2b5321ec35" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327702,"asset_id":100529510,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327702/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529510"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529510"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529510; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529510]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529510]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529510; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='100529510']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529509"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529509/Exploring_the_Relationship_Between_Air_Quality_and_Ischemic_Stroke_Admissions_During_the_COVID_19_Pandemic"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Exploring the Relationship Between Air Quality and Ischemic Stroke Admissions During the COVID-19 Pandemic" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529509/Exploring_the_Relationship_Between_Air_Quality_and_Ischemic_Stroke_Admissions_During_the_COVID_19_Pandemic">Exploring the Relationship Between Air Quality and Ischemic Stroke Admissions During the COVID-19 Pandemic</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background and purpose Amongst all the global catastrophe due to Coronavirus disease 2019, a sign...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background and purpose Amongst all the global catastrophe due to Coronavirus disease 2019, a significant bright spot is a reduction in air pollution as countries undergo lockdowns to limit the spread of infection. Another reduction that has been reported is in the number of strokes presenting to hospitals, despite the virus implicated in causing a hypercoagulable state. Acute exposure to air pollution has been linked to increase in stroke incidence and the improvement in air quality may be responsible for the decrease in stroke presentations. Methods To explore this hypothesis, we compared the air quality index (AQI) of Karachi, the largest cosmopolitan city of Pakistan, during the lockdown period in 2020 to the same period in the previous year. Results We found a significant drop in AQI depicting an improvement in air quality. Simultaneously, we identified a drop in number of stroke admissions to less than half from 2019 to 2020 at one of the largest tertiary care hospitals of the city, during this period of interest. Conclusion: We hypothesize that one important reason for this drop in stroke admissions, may be an actual reduction in stroke incidence brought about by an improvement in air quality.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529509"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529509"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529509; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529508"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529508/Indoor_urban_environment_and_conventional_risk_factors_for_pediatric_tuberculosis_among_1_12_years_old_children_in_a_megacity_in_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Indoor urban environment and conventional risk factors for pediatric tuberculosis among 1-12 years old children in a megacity in Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327701/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529508/Indoor_urban_environment_and_conventional_risk_factors_for_pediatric_tuberculosis_among_1_12_years_old_children_in_a_megacity_in_Pakistan">Indoor urban environment and conventional risk factors for pediatric tuberculosis among 1-12 years old children in a megacity in Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Environmental Epidemiology</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Results Several anthropometry measures were associated with the development of BCL, DLBCL, MM, an...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Results Several anthropometry measures were associated with the development of BCL, DLBCL, MM, and CLL. We found significant associations between consumption of dairy products and calcium and BCL and DLBCL, between fat and lower risk of CLL, between sugar and confectionary and FL, and between Mediterranean diet score, fish/shellfish, and Vit D and lower risk of DLBCL. Current smoking>25/day was related to CLL, DLBCL. Moreover, manual work activity and high physical activity were associated with incidence of BCL and DLBCL. Conclusions Using a novel EWAS approach, several exposures were found to be associated with BCL and its subtypes. Some of these were previously unknown, providing new insight in the development of BCL and highlighting the value of exposome-wide association studies.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4ee3f03479c4bb1b775cc53277430ece" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327701,"asset_id":100529508,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327701/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529508"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529508"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529508; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529508]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529508]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529508; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='100529508']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4ee3f03479c4bb1b775cc53277430ece" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=100529508]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":100529508,"title":"Indoor urban environment and conventional risk factors for pediatric tuberculosis among 1-12 years old children in a megacity in Pakistan","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100529508/Indoor_urban_environment_and_conventional_risk_factors_for_pediatric_tuberculosis_among_1_12_years_old_children_in_a_megacity_in_Pakistan","owner_id":59861123,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":59861123,"first_name":"Zafar","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fatmi","page_name":"ZarafAku","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-02-09T02:58:24.327-08:00","display_name":"Zafar Fatmi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZarafAku"},"attachments":[{"id":101327701,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327701/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"01.ee9.0000609816.32174.f320230421-1-f0xp4w.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327701/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Indoor_urban_environment_and_conventiona.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/101327701/01.ee9.0000609816.32174.f320230421-1-f0xp4w-libre.pdf?1682070044=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIndoor_urban_environment_and_conventiona.pdf\u0026Expires=1740159257\u0026Signature=LiN5MaTG2x2fqBzVHgG3zGwfbDMuRrF8w25cnYe-kjeC6NFTHDAh9KUjmACeo~NwMyvU9YhDDDJs-~yUvTdsq4Wym8PU~FAguDCrolW-dhcCz38nBBWazKu~U3hQFLTjyoNQtsFIeJsGb0BEJsuGd6uKppmIJxZ-gF~dPEna8gula4~TQOV5NL9eu0cM962NWmSAp5izzyyDIyrD5VA1BmfImhBMPHPmMtYmXQLgwutRPqMOW9Lat9rgp9iXDEvrUPPNh~EQfM72Mx~C-lWEBWPNf30Vw9Y-Fztn50~qflVU6vC7ZWMJ1VmgaExdQeKg9NQmj0USc9RFwrdIhB6feA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529507"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529507/Kangaroo_mother_care_opportunities_and_implications_for_rural_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Kangaroo mother care: opportunities and implications for rural Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327699/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529507/Kangaroo_mother_care_opportunities_and_implications_for_rural_Pakistan">Kangaroo mother care: opportunities and implications for rural Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Neonatal mortality comprises 40% of total under-5 mortality, globally. Kangaroo mother care (KMC)...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Neonatal mortality comprises 40% of total under-5 mortality, globally. Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is one of the most cost-effective interventions to reduce neonatal mortality. KMC does not require highend equipment, intensive care facilities or technical knowledge. A recent meta-analysis reported that KMC may reduce neonatal mortality in preterm and low birth weight neonates up to 36%. A review of enablers and barriers of KMC suggests that KMC can be integrated in maternal health care system by giving awareness, involving family and giving ownership of the intervention to the community. If supported with minimal incentives it would reduce the cost of health care substantially, reduce patient burden on hospitals by reducing hospital stay in postnatal period. It will reduce financial burden, time strain and help eliminate social taboos regarding preterm and low birth weight neonates. Hospital and community based KMC inte r v e ntion s sho uld be tes te d in Pa k ist an .</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7a5fe60627143a63fc8944c4c9505e14" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327699,"asset_id":100529507,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327699/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529507"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529507"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529507; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529503"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529503/Factors_associated_with_geriatric_morbidity_and_impairment_in_a_megacity_of_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Factors associated with geriatric morbidity and impairment in a megacity of Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327697/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529503/Factors_associated_with_geriatric_morbidity_and_impairment_in_a_megacity_of_Pakistan">Factors associated with geriatric morbidity and impairment in a megacity of Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>PLOS ONE</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background The elderly population is increasing globally. In Pakistan, the elderly comprise 6% of...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background The elderly population is increasing globally. In Pakistan, the elderly comprise 6% of the population that is predicted to triple by 2050. Non-communicable diseases are common health problems of the elderly in Pakistan, however, resulting geriatric impairments and disability are unknown. This study was conducted to determine geriatric impairments and identify associated socio-demographic factors and comorbidities among community dwelling elderly in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted during 2013-2014. Community clusters were selected from all sub-districts of Karachi, the largest city of Pakistan. Data was collected from systematically selected households within these clusters from individuals, aged �60 years, using standardized questionnaires. Geriatric impairment was assessed through validated questions and tools. We screened for depression, dementia, mobility and functional status. Descriptive statistics were computed for socio-demographic factors. We estimated the prevalence and 95% CI for geriatric impairments and comorbidities. Results A total of 1200 community-dwelling elderly participated in this study. More than half (n = 663, 55.3%) were females. The average age of the participants was 68.7 (SD = 7.8) years. Two-thirds suffered from chronic illness and the most common impairments were psychological and cognitive. Females were 2.45 times more at risk of developing three or more geriatric impairments. Participants with no formal education had the highest proportion (43.8%) of geriatric impairments. Participants living with more children were more likely to have three or more impairments. Conclusion A high burden of non-communicable diseases and associated impairments were identified among elderly in Karachi, Pakistan. High rates of psychological and cognitive impairments</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bb286898ee18e714f58e44060670ba76" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327697,"asset_id":100529503,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327697/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529503"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529503"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529503; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529502"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529502/Coronary_heart_disease_and_household_air_pollution_from_use_of_solid_fuel_a_systematic_review"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Coronary heart disease and household air pollution from use of solid fuel: a systematic review" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327679/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529502/Coronary_heart_disease_and_household_air_pollution_from_use_of_solid_fuel_a_systematic_review">Coronary heart disease and household air pollution from use of solid fuel: a systematic review</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>British Medical Bulletin</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Evidence is emerging that indoor air pollution (IAP) from use of solid fuels for cook...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Evidence is emerging that indoor air pollution (IAP) from use of solid fuels for cooking and heating may be an important risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). Sources of data: We searched the Ovid Medline, Embase Classic, Embase and Web of Science databases from inception through to June 12, 2015, to identify reports of primary epidemiological research concerning the relationship of CHD to IAP from solid fuel, the likely magnitude of any increase in risk, and potential pathogenic mechanisms. Areas of agreement: The current balance of epidemiological evidence points to an increased risk of CHD from IAP as a consequence of using solid, and especially biomass, fuels for cooking and heating. Relative risks from long-term exposure could be 2-to 4-fold. Areas of controversy: The evidence base is still limited, and although an association of CHD with such IAP from solid fuel is consistent with the known hazards from smoking, environmental tobacco smoke and ambient air pollution, and supported by evidence of effects on inflammatory processes, atherosclerosis and blood pressure, it requires confirmation by larger and more robust studies. Growing points: The completion of two relatively small case-control studies on CHD and IAP from use of biomass fuel demonstrates the feasibility of such research, and is an encouragement to further, larger studies using similar methods.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5153d6ecd1624521b92570c3217dad3e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327679,"asset_id":100529502,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327679/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529502"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529502"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529502; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529501"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529501/882_Impact_of_three_wheeler_ban_policy_on_road_traffic_injuries_in_Karachi_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 882 Impact of three wheeler ban policy on road traffic injuries in Karachi, Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327696/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529501/882_Impact_of_three_wheeler_ban_policy_on_road_traffic_injuries_in_Karachi_Pakistan">882 Impact of three wheeler ban policy on road traffic injuries in Karachi, Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Injury Prevention</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">significantly improved through the development of data analysis. Narrative text mining is demandi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">significantly improved through the development of data analysis. Narrative text mining is demanding also because of the multiplicity of languages spoken in the world.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="70ee850599785f6e0a8c7e58869e6f88" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327696,"asset_id":100529501,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327696/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529501"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529501"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529501; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529499"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529499/Exposure_assessment_of_lead_from_food_and_airborne_dusts_and_biomonitoring_in_pregnant_mothers_their_fetus_and_siblings_in_Karachi_Pakistan_and_Shimotsuke_Japan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Exposure assessment of lead from food and airborne dusts and biomonitoring in pregnant mothers, their fetus and siblings in Karachi, Pakistan and Shimotsuke, Japan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529499/Exposure_assessment_of_lead_from_food_and_airborne_dusts_and_biomonitoring_in_pregnant_mothers_their_fetus_and_siblings_in_Karachi_Pakistan_and_Shimotsuke_Japan">Exposure assessment of lead from food and airborne dusts and biomonitoring in pregnant mothers, their fetus and siblings in Karachi, Pakistan and Shimotsuke, Japan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Reviews on Environmental Health</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Aim: Exposure assessment of lead (Pb) and Arsenic (As) from food, water, and house dust intake we...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Aim: Exposure assessment of lead (Pb) and Arsenic (As) from food, water, and house dust intake were assessed among pregnant women, their children and fetuses in Pakistan and Japan, as well as their body burden of the metals in their blood. Method: Fifty families which included a pregnant woman, a fetus and the 1–3-year-old siblings were recruited in Karachi and Khairpur in Pakistan, and Shimotsuke and Asahikawa in Japan, respectively. Their dietary exposure to Pb and As was measured in 3-day food duplicates and drinking water by ICP-MP. Pb in house dust and respirable dust was evaluated with an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Non-radioactive isotope Pb profiles of blood specimens will be compared with those of the exposure origins, such as food duplicates, respirable house dust, the soils nearby, and gasoline. Results: Judging from the data collected and analyzed so far, contribution from dietary intake is highly correlated to higher body burden of Pb among Pakist...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529499"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529499"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529499; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529499]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529499]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529499; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='100529499']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=100529499]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":100529499,"title":"Exposure assessment of lead from food and airborne dusts and biomonitoring in pregnant mothers, their fetus and siblings in Karachi, Pakistan and Shimotsuke, Japan","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100529499/Exposure_assessment_of_lead_from_food_and_airborne_dusts_and_biomonitoring_in_pregnant_mothers_their_fetus_and_siblings_in_Karachi_Pakistan_and_Shimotsuke_Japan","owner_id":59861123,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":59861123,"first_name":"Zafar","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fatmi","page_name":"ZarafAku","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-02-09T02:58:24.327-08:00","display_name":"Zafar Fatmi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZarafAku"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529498"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529498/Chronic_bronchitis_and_COPD_among_textile_workers_in_Pakistan_Findings_from_a_cross_sectional_survey"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Chronic bronchitis and COPD among textile workers in Pakistan: Findings from a cross-sectional survey" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529498/Chronic_bronchitis_and_COPD_among_textile_workers_in_Pakistan_Findings_from_a_cross_sectional_survey">Chronic bronchitis and COPD among textile workers in Pakistan: Findings from a cross-sectional survey</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>European Respiratory Journal</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: There is scarce data regarding burden of chronic bronchitis and COPD assessed through...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: There is scarce data regarding burden of chronic bronchitis and COPD assessed through spirometry among textile workers globally, especially in developing countries. Aims: To determine the prevalence and predictors of chronic bronchitis and COPD among textile workers in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: This cross-sectional survey involved 372 male textile workers from 15 mills of Karachi. Data were collected through American Thoracic Society respiratory questionnaire (ATS-DLD-78-a) and spirometry. Results: The overall prevalence of chronic bronchitis was 7.8% (9.1% for ≥40 years) and COPD 6.7% (27.2% for ≥40 years). Workers categorized as having chronic bronchitis were found to have significantly decreased lung function compared to the healthy workers. Those reporting severe self-perceived dust exposure at work, ≥10 pack years of smoking, uneducated, increased duration of work ≥11 years, and ever smokers were more likely to have chronic bronchitis or COPD. In the multivariate analyses, severe self-perceived dust exposure at work (AOR = 7.4; 95% CI: 1.9, 28.0), family history of respiratory illness/symptoms (AOR = 4.8; 95% CI: 1.1, 20.9) and lack of education (AOR = 4.2; 95% CI: 1.1, 16.9) were significant predictors of chronic bronchitis. While duration of work ≥11 years (AOR = 5.5; 95% CI: 1.5, 19.7) and pack years of smoking ≥10 years (AOR = 3.5; 95% CI: 1.1, 11.7) were found to be strong predictors for COPD. Conclusion: This study found high prevalence of chronic bronchitis and COPD among textile workers and identifies important predictors for prevention.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529498"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529498"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529498; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529498]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100529498]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529498; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='100529498']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=100529498]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":100529498,"title":"Chronic bronchitis and COPD among textile workers in Pakistan: Findings from a cross-sectional survey","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100529498/Chronic_bronchitis_and_COPD_among_textile_workers_in_Pakistan_Findings_from_a_cross_sectional_survey","owner_id":59861123,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":59861123,"first_name":"Zafar","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fatmi","page_name":"ZarafAku","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-02-09T02:58:24.327-08:00","display_name":"Zafar Fatmi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZarafAku"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529490"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529490/Tackling_Non_Communicable_Diseases_In_Low_and_Middle_Income_Countries_Is_the_Evidence_from_High_Income_Countries_All_We_Need"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Tackling Non-Communicable Diseases In Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Is the Evidence from High-Income Countries All We Need?" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327694/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529490/Tackling_Non_Communicable_Diseases_In_Low_and_Middle_Income_Countries_Is_the_Evidence_from_High_Income_Countries_All_We_Need">Tackling Non-Communicable Diseases In Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Is the Evidence from High-Income Countries All We Need?</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>PLoS Medicine</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The Essay section contains opinion pieces on topics of broad interest to a general medical audience.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3f873d77e2d77448159e404de8cea7cd" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327694,"asset_id":100529490,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327694/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529490"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529490"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529490; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529486"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529486/Factors_affecting_the_utilization_of_antenatal_care_in_developing_countries_systematic_review_of_the_literature"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Factors affecting the utilization of antenatal care in developing countries: systematic review of the literature" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101327703/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529486/Factors_affecting_the_utilization_of_antenatal_care_in_developing_countries_systematic_review_of_the_literature">Factors affecting the utilization of antenatal care in developing countries: systematic review of the literature</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Advanced Nursing</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Factors affecting the utilization of antenatal care in developing countries: systematic review of...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Factors affecting the utilization of antenatal care in developing countries: systematic review of the literature.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="57a18d8129ad08a936f5301830585e13" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101327703,"asset_id":100529486,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101327703/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529486"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529486"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529486; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100529458"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529458/Impact_of_Floods_on_District_Health_Care_System_Resilience_to_Maintain_Health_Care_Services_in_Pakistan_A_Qualitative_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Impact of Floods on District Health Care System Resilience to Maintain Health Care Services in Pakistan: A Qualitative Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/100529458/Impact_of_Floods_on_District_Health_Care_System_Resilience_to_Maintain_Health_Care_Services_in_Pakistan_A_Qualitative_Study">Impact of Floods on District Health Care System Resilience to Maintain Health Care Services in Pakistan: A Qualitative Study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>SSRN Electronic Journal</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100529458"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100529458"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100529458; 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87328586"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87328586/EEL_Fish_Bite_An_Impending_Emergency_in_Arabian_Sea"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of EEL Fish Bite: An Impending Emergency in Arabian Sea" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91568251/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87328586/EEL_Fish_Bite_An_Impending_Emergency_in_Arabian_Sea">EEL Fish Bite: An Impending Emergency in Arabian Sea</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="936abc83ef7e45a336702227bf2c2363" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":91568251,"asset_id":87328586,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91568251/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87328586"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87328586"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87328586; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "936abc83ef7e45a336702227bf2c2363" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87328586]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87328586,"title":"EEL Fish Bite: An Impending Emergency in Arabian Sea","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87328586/EEL_Fish_Bite_An_Impending_Emergency_in_Arabian_Sea","owner_id":59861123,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":59861123,"first_name":"Zafar","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fatmi","page_name":"ZarafAku","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-02-09T02:58:24.327-08:00","display_name":"Zafar Fatmi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZarafAku"},"attachments":[{"id":91568251,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91568251/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"viewcontent.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91568251/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"EEL_Fish_Bite_An_Impending_Emergency_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/91568251/viewcontent-libre.pdf?1664189655=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEEL_Fish_Bite_An_Impending_Emergency_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1740159257\u0026Signature=OuWdqZY7noLGN0RrXXR0HlGiLe7SwZoQc9jJo5HnMWaMf1ApWhYcnrPPL9P8avfbS62nizqxBYsbvEyZIAMKmem49~SrlY-sYjy4c8cFylBnAWPhHVb0nl8wVi7V-o3OBnTCuK3MjScdi1-IBGITryGb5yhjD1wnBfnwptj3bvCuQQsWDB9XeG8zEYkmFEmDBujYUcr2d4dRfFRdE~blLnzJVh0b7V1ayP2Rh~~XO9y~gp~0daLlq0n1uVPBJIby7WkTQpqRzuuqxKHgA~GlCFYTXDWojtL43FOj7CeoF7deKizklRS-1sXE021Pn9eVzHqd4Eh7weX2kamJZVncPA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87328585"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/87328585/Frequency_of_hypercalcemia_in_patients_of_multiple_myeloma_in_Karachi"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Frequency of hypercalcemia in patients of multiple myeloma in Karachi" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/87328585/Frequency_of_hypercalcemia_in_patients_of_multiple_myeloma_in_Karachi">Frequency of hypercalcemia in patients of multiple myeloma in Karachi</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP</span><span>, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To determine the frequency of hypercalcemia and skeletal abnormalities in multiple myeloma patien...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To determine the frequency of hypercalcemia and skeletal abnormalities in multiple myeloma patients. Cross-sectional study. Study was conducted from January 1999 to July 2004 at the Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Medical records of all the diagnosed cases of multiple myeloma at their presentation to hospital were reviewed. The frequency of hypercalcemia and skeletal lesions was calculated. Independent sample t-test and chi-square test as appropriate, was applied to calculate the difference in parameters between normocalcemic and hypercalcemic patients. Sixty-seven percent patients were males and 33% were females. The mean age was 61-/+11 years. Of the 105 study patients, 51.2% had hypercalcemia (S.Ca &gt;2.64 mmol/l). Radiological survey showed different levels of skeletal involvement in 89.8% of patients. It was also found that 94.3% of hypercalcemic patients had skeletal lesions, out of which 20% had advanced (stage 3) bone lesi...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87328585"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87328585"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87328585; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87328585]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87328585]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87328585; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87328585']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87328585]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87328585,"title":"Frequency of hypercalcemia in patients of multiple myeloma in Karachi","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87328585/Frequency_of_hypercalcemia_in_patients_of_multiple_myeloma_in_Karachi","owner_id":59861123,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":59861123,"first_name":"Zafar","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fatmi","page_name":"ZarafAku","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-02-09T02:58:24.327-08:00","display_name":"Zafar Fatmi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZarafAku"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87328584"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87328584/Comparison_of_clinical_and_laparascopic_features_of_infertile_women_suffering_from_genital_tuberculosis_TB_or_pelvic_inflammatory_disease_PID_or_endometriosis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of clinical and laparascopic features of infertile women suffering from genital tuberculosis (TB) or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or endometriosis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91568248/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87328584/Comparison_of_clinical_and_laparascopic_features_of_infertile_women_suffering_from_genital_tuberculosis_TB_or_pelvic_inflammatory_disease_PID_or_endometriosis">Comparison of clinical and laparascopic features of infertile women suffering from genital tuberculosis (TB) or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or endometriosis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association</span><span>, 2001</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The objective of the study was to analyze the clinical and laparoscopic features, which may help ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The objective of the study was to analyze the clinical and laparoscopic features, which may help to differentiate between infertility in females due to Genital Tuberculosis from Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) and Endometriosis. This case control study was carried out in a teaching tertiary care hospital. Medical records were searched from 1st January 1987 to 31st December 2000 and 43 infertile women with biopsy proven genital tract tuberculosis were found. Equal number of infertile females with diagnosed PID and Endometriosis were randomly selected. Comparisons were done between features of Genital Tuberculosis with PID and Endometriosis separately and also genital tuberculosis with combined controls of PID and Endometriosis. Patients with genital tuberculosis commonly had primary infertility. PID and Endometriosis patients had early menarche and increased duration of menstruation. On physical examination, patients with Genital Tuberculosis were found to have short heights. No si...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d8555e5e8b280354f0ac45eee2c8c007" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":91568248,"asset_id":87328584,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91568248/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87328584"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87328584"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87328584; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87328584]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87328584]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87328584; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87328584']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d8555e5e8b280354f0ac45eee2c8c007" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87328584]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87328584,"title":"Comparison of clinical and laparascopic features of infertile women suffering from genital tuberculosis (TB) or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or endometriosis","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87328584/Comparison_of_clinical_and_laparascopic_features_of_infertile_women_suffering_from_genital_tuberculosis_TB_or_pelvic_inflammatory_disease_PID_or_endometriosis","owner_id":59861123,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":59861123,"first_name":"Zafar","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fatmi","page_name":"ZarafAku","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2017-02-09T02:58:24.327-08:00","display_name":"Zafar Fatmi","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZarafAku"},"attachments":[{"id":91568248,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91568248/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2801.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91568248/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Comparison_of_clinical_and_laparascopic.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/91568248/2801-libre.pdf?1664189659=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DComparison_of_clinical_and_laparascopic.pdf\u0026Expires=1740159257\u0026Signature=DtyxIlhmfsuWaUWdmKXgIKYJXB5XuVpOXjTZfbVs0~mXJFHN6GLV-N-zjnIb19lxPPfkYCscRuKaUUxF7ef8bxR~KuYTb73gsbnSfopu1SP033A1gsLWyUStTbpifxjvif7M92xkZrJSaNu5iH6nnlBUMZtwwVqs8WWqgmNx~H0T5pb7ZMnWkEMiK6TbfAfLaw7g3ypZNHMhAYeLv9YDf4QWAV9xie0UEdSNUqkM2duUlrfqJvirqYEAvJiV5kRNmhcz067Vy8e8dZO~v99b~HGEoycfHNr4tppBNDEbMZ8NQ9fYrkK7rX5EgTb94DsWWGZR9igy-b~HqAyi58XeeA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87328583"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/87328583/Chewing_of_betel_areca_and_tobacco_perceptions_and_knowledge_regarding_their_role_in_head_and_neck_cancers_in_an_urban_squatter_settlement_in_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Chewing of betel, areca and tobacco: perceptions and knowledge regarding their role in head and neck cancers in an urban squatter settlement in Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/87328583/Chewing_of_betel_areca_and_tobacco_perceptions_and_knowledge_regarding_their_role_in_head_and_neck_cancers_in_an_urban_squatter_settlement_in_Pakistan">Chewing of betel, areca and tobacco: perceptions and knowledge regarding their role in head and neck cancers in an urban squatter settlement in Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The link of betel, areca and chewable tobacco with head and neck cancers is clearly established. ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The link of betel, areca and chewable tobacco with head and neck cancers is clearly established. Fifty eight percent of the global head and neck cancers occur in South and Southeast Asia, where chewing of betel, areca and tobacco are common. This study was carried out to establish the pattern of use of Paan, Chaalia, Gutka, Niswar, Tumbaku and Naas among population of squatter settlement of Karachi and to determine the perceptions and knowledge regarding their role in the etiology of head and neck cancers. It was a cross-sectional study, performed at Bilal colony in Karachi. Through systematic sampling, 425 subjects [a male and female from a household] were interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Knowledge regarding etiology of head and neck cancers was classified in ordinals of &quot;good&quot;, &quot;some&quot; and &quot;poor&quot;, for each substance separately, while practices were classified into &quot;daily user&quot;, &quot;occasional user&quot; and &quot;never user&quot...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87328583"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87328583"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87328583; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87328583]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87328583]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87328583; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87328583']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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