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et_search_form_container"> <form role="search" method="get" class="et-search-form" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20170717043558/http://www.bips.ac.uk/"> <input type="search" class="et-search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" title="Search for:"/> </form> <span class="et_close_search_field"></span> </div> </div> </header>  <div id="et-main-area"> <div id="main-content"> <article id="post-23985" class="post-23985 page type-page status-publish hentry"> <div class="entry-content"> <div class="et_pb_section et_pb_fullwidth_section et_pb_section_0 et_pb_with_background et_section_regular"> <section class="et_pb_fullwidth_header et_pb_module et_pb_bg_layout_dark et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_fullwidth_header_0"> <div class="et_pb_fullwidth_header_container left"> <div class="header-content-container center"> <div class="header-content"> <h1>Medieval Iran:</h1> <span class="et_pb_fullwidth_header_subhead">“Interactions of Muslim Intellectuals and Institutions with those of other Faiths in the Medieval Persianate World: religion, philosophy, literature, culture and society”</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="et_pb_fullwidth_header_overlay"></div> <div class="et_pb_fullwidth_header_scroll"></div> </section> </div> <div class="et_pb_section et_pb_section_1 et_pb_with_background et_section_specialty"> <div class="et_pb_row"> <div class="et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_2 et_pb_column_0"> <div class="et_pb_module et-waypoint et_pb_image et_pb_animation_off et_pb_image_0 et_always_center_on_mobile et_pb_image_sticky"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170717043558im_/http://www.bips.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/med-iran-image-e1469784433753.jpg" alt=""/> </div><div class="et_pb_text et_pb_module et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_text_0"> <p><em><span class="mk-caption-desc">Isaiah’s vision of Jesus riding a donkey and Muhammad riding a camel, al-Biruni, al-Athar al-Baqiyya ‘an al-Qurun al-Khaliyya (Chronology of Ancient Nations), Tabriz, Iran, 1307-8. (Edinburgh University Library)</span></em></p> </div>  </div> <div class="et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_2 et_pb_column_1 et_pb_specialty_column"> <div class=" et_pb_row_inner et_pb_row_inner_0"> <div class="et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column_inner et_pb_column_inner_0"> <div class="et_pb_text et_pb_module et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_text_1"> <p>In the current difficult state of relations between Muslim and non-Muslim worlds there is no better time than now to reflect on the history of how Islam interacted with other cultural and religious traditions in the medieval past. The geographical epicentre is Iran, spreading out to the whole Persianate world of Persian influence, from Anatolia and Syria to the West, to the Indian Subcontinent to the East, and to Central Asia to the North.</p> <p>This is a collaborative programme to investigate the reality of interactions between Muslim, Jewish, Christian, Zoroastrian and other traditions in the period of the 7<sup>th</sup>-15<sup>th</sup> century CE. The enquiry has its focus on religious, philosophical, and literary themes in the Persianate world, but the evidence of material culture is also keenly relevant. There will be a series of annual workshops at the British Academy to discuss papers on a range of subjects from a variety of disciplines.</p> </div>  </div>  </div>  </div>  </div>  </div> <div class="et_pb_section et_pb_section_2 et_pb_with_background et_section_regular"> <div class=" et_pb_row et_pb_row_0"> <div class="et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column_2"> <div class="et_pb_text et_pb_module et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_text_2"> <p>Major texts of religion and literature testify to the broadmindedness of certain writers – one thinks of the ecumenicism of Yehuda Halevi, Muḥyiddin Ibn al-ʿArabi, Jalāloddin Rumi, and Ibn Kammuna. Another key figure is Al-Biruni, especially in his massive work on India and also his investigation of other faiths in his <em>Chronology of the Ancient Nations</em>. But what were underlying historical and social realities behind these writers and their texts? And were Christian-Muslim relations entirely hostile and embattled? To what extent do the theological and mystical traditions of the period reflect a spirit of toleration of difference and a culture of co-existence? The question of ‘fundamentalism’ and ‘orthodoxy’ also raises its head in the context of all the faith traditions, and to what extent these are latter-day, modern, dogmatic re-inventions and reforms.</p> <p>One major area of enquiry is influence and interaction between intellectuals of the Abrahamic traditions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. It is hoped, however, that discussions will also include relations with Zoroastrians, Manichaeans, Buddhists and all traditions with which Muslims were in contact in the period. Much is to be learnt from analysis of polemical and apologetic strategies. Work done on polemic in general has emphasised that one cannot take the literary setting projected by the polemical works themselves <em>at face value</em>: such works usually project themselves as addressed to the other side, aiming to convince them that they are wrong. Instances of ‘the other side’ reading the polemical work is probably the exception rather than the rule: polemics are actually intended for internal rather than external consumption, and for internal reassurance.</p> <p>While this is primarily a project that focuses on religious, philosophical and literary textual material, sociological questions also invite contributions from historians. How, and how much, did different faith communities know about one another? How did contact and the exchange of ideas take place? It is hoped the following can be included in discussions:</p> <ul> <li>personal friendship – and here the factor of common language is important;</li> <li>the <em>majles</em> /disputation (formal);</li> <li>informal social interaction (the equivalent of the <em>chaykhāne</em>/<em>qahvekhāne</em>);</li> <li>the book trade – how texts were circulated;</li> <li>attendance at each other’s <em>madrase</em>s.</li> </ul> <p>Research questions underlying the project include:</p> <ul> <li>What were the bonds of commonality between faiths that counterbalanced forces of exclusivism, puritanical legalism and scripturalism?</li> <li>What historical instances of aggression, violence and forcible conversion were perpetrated in this period, in any direction?</li> <li>What were the divisive issues and forces at work? What has been the on-going legacy of Iranian/Persian culture in this regard?</li> <li>What, in particular, do writers of the Persian Sufi and other mystical traditions of the other faiths, have to say on such exclusivity and inclusivity of religion? In fact, did Sufi, Jewish and Christian mystical teachings promote tolerance and unity among religions?</li> <li>To what degree are modern fundamentalisms – in particular reformist and traditionalist versions of Islam and Judaism – a reinvention and mythicisation of a medieval past?</li> </ul> <p>Scholars are invited to contribute papers exploring relations between Islam and the other faiths across the following framework and beyond:</p> <ul> <li>Religious thought in the Persianate world: Theology doctrine and heresy; Law, jurisprudence, ritual and practice, including <em>kashrut</em> and <em>ṭahāra</em> laws; Ecumenicism and influence, polemics and discrimination; Salvation history and myth; roles and treatment of women in inter-faith relations in the medieval religious cultures of the Persianate world; Sectarianism;</li> <li>Philosophy in the Persianate world: Faith and reason; Moral philosophy and ethics; Metaphysics and mystical thought; Saʿd ibn Mansur Ibn Kammuna’s <em>Examination of the Three Faiths; </em>Yehuda Halevi and the <em>Kuzari </em>(<em>Kitāb al-khazari</em> /<em>sefer ha-khazari</em>); The philosophical problem posed by concept of toleration itself.</li> <li>Literature, cross-fertilisation and influence in the Persianate world;</li> <li>The language barrier and role of translation (textual and cultural) between faith communities in the Persianate world.</li> </ul> <p>Major texts of religion and literature testify to the broadmindedness of certain writers – one thinks of the ecumenicism of Yehuda Halevi, Muḥyiddin Ibn al-ʿArabi, Jalāloddin Rumi, and Ibn Kammuna. Another key figure is Al-Biruni, especially in his massive work on India and also his investigation of other faiths in his Chronology of the Ancient Nations. But what were underlying historical and social realities behind these writers and their texts? And were Christian-Muslim relations entirely hostile</p> <p>and embattled? To what extent do the theological and mystical traditions of the period reflect a spirit of toleration of difference and a culture of co-existence? The question of ‘fundamentalism’ and ‘orthodoxy’ also raises its head in the context of all the faith traditions, and to what extent these are latter-day, modern, dogmatic re-inventions and reforms.</p> <p>One major area of enquiry is influence and interaction between intellectuals of the Abrahamic traditions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. It is hoped, however, that discussions will also include relations with Zoroastrians, Manichaeans, Buddhists and all traditions with which Muslims were in contact in the period. Much is to be learnt from analysis of polemical and apologetic strategies. Work done on polemic in general has emphasised that one cannot take the literary setting projected by the polemical works themselves at face value: such works usually project themselves as addressed to the other side, aiming to convince them that they are wrong. Instances of ‘the other side’ reading the polemical work is probably the exception rather than the rule: polemics are actually intended for internal rather than external consumption, and for internal reassurance.</p> <p>While this is primarily a project that focuses on religious, philosophical and literary textual material, sociological questions also invite contributions from historians. How, and how much, did different faith communities know about one another? How did contact and the exchange of ideas take place? It is hoped the following can be included in discussions:</p> <p>personal friendship – and here the factor of common language is important;<br/> the majles /disputation (formal);<br/> informal social interaction (the equivalent of the chaykhāne/qahvekhāne);<br/> the book trade – how texts were circulated;<br/> attendance at each other’s madrases.</p> <p>Research questions underlying the project include:</p> <p>What were the bonds of commonality between faiths that counterbalanced forces of exclusivism, puritanical legalism and scripturalism?<br/> What historical instances of aggression, violence and forcible conversion were perpetrated in this period, in any direction?<br/> What were the divisive issues and forces at work? What has been the on-going legacy of Iranian/Persian culture in this regard?<br/> What, in particular, do writers of the Persian Sufi and other mystical traditions of the other faiths, have to say on such exclusivity and inclusivity of religion? In fact, did Sufi, Jewish and Christian mystical teachings promote tolerance and unity among religions?<br/> To what degree are modern fundamentalisms – in particular reformist and traditionalist versions of Islam and Judaism – a reinvention and mythicisation of a medieval past?</p> <p>Scholars are invited to contribute papers exploring relations between Islam and the other faiths across the following framework and beyond:</p> <p>Religious thought in the Persianate world: Theology doctrine and heresy; Law, jurisprudence, ritual and practice, including kashrut and ṭahāra laws; Ecumenicism and influence, polemics and discrimination; Salvation history and myth; roles and treatment of women in inter-faith relations in the medieval religious cultures of the Persianate world; Sectarianism;<br/> Philosophy in the Persianate world: Faith and reason; Moral philosophy and ethics; Metaphysics and mystical thought; Saʿd ibn Mansur Ibn Kammuna’s Examination of the Three Faiths; Yehuda Halevi and the Kuzari (Kitāb al-khazari /sefer ha-khazari); The philosophical problem posed by concept of toleration itself.<br/> Literature, cross-fertilisation and influence in the Persianate world;<br/> The language barrier and role of translation (textual and cultural) between faith communities in the Persianate world.</p> </div>  </div>  </div> <div class=" et_pb_row et_pb_row_1"> <div class="et_pb_column et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column_3"> <div class="et_pb_text et_pb_module et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_text_3"> <p><u>3.1 Annual Workshops</u></p> <p>There will be a series of annual workshops comprising papers from scholars working at all levels:</p> <ol> <li>June 2016 Workshop on the general theme of the project examining the primary issues, points of interaction, conflict and synergy.</li> <li>June 2017 Workshop on Mystical Traditions and Tolerance in the Classical period of Persianate Culture.</li> <li>June 2018 Workshops focusing on Islamic-Jewish interactions and Islamic Christian interactions in the medieval period.</li> </ol> <p>For further information please feel free to contact Prof. Alan Williams at <strong><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170717043558/mailto:%20alan.willams@manchester.ac.uk">alan.williams@manchester.ac.uk</a></strong></p> </div>  </div>  </div> <div class=" et_pb_row et_pb_row_2"> <div class="et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_2 et_pb_column_4"> <div class="et_pb_text et_pb_module et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_text_4"> <p>Alan Williams read Classics, then Persian & Arabic at Oxford , before completing a PhD on Iranian Studies with the late Professor Mary Boyce at SOAS, London. After teaching at the University of Sussex and SOAS, he moved to the University of Manchester in 1985, where he is now Professor of Iranian Studies and Comparative Religion. He is also currently British Academy Wolfson Research Professor.</p> <p>His interest in Iran is unusually broad as it spans pre-Islamic and Islamic Iran to the present day, and he has published on Zoroastrian texts in Avestan, Pahlavi and most recently a 16th century Zoroastrian text in Persian on the emigration of the Zardushtis to India in the 8<sup>th </sup>century, as well as many articles about Zoroastrian ritual and society, translation studies and comparative literature. He has also published books and articles on Classical Ṣufi poetry (notably<em>, Spiritual Verses: The first book of Rumi’s Masnavi-ye Maʿnavi</em>, Penguin Classics 2006) and a selection of the poetry of the contemporary poet Moḥammed Reżā Shafi<em>ʿ</em>i Kadkani.</p> <p>Currently he is appointed to a three year British Academy Wolfson Research Professorship to do a new version of the whole text of the the <em>Masnavi</em> of Jalāl al-Din Rumi, alongside a metrical and literal translation into blank verse. His main publications are <em>The Zoroastrian Flame: Exploring Religion, History and Tradition</em>, I.B.Tauris (forthcoming 2016); <em>The Zoroastrian Myth of Migration from Iran and Settlement in the Indian Diaspora: Text Translation and Analysis of the 16th Century Qesse-ye Sanjān ‘The Story of Sanjan’</em> (Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2009); <em>In the Mirror of the Stream </em>(Persian title <em>Dar Āyīne-ye Rud</em>), selected poems of Mohammed Reza Shafi<em>ʿ</em>i Kadkani, ed. Alan Williams, with parallel Persian text, with paintings and translations by Pari Azarm</p> <p>Motamedi (Tehran: Sokhan, 2008); <em>Parsis in India and the Diaspora</em>, eds. John R. Hinnells and Alan Williams (London and New York: Routledge/Taylor and Francis, 2007); <em>Spiritual Verses: The First Book of the Masnavi-ye Maʿnavi of Jalaloddin Rumi</em> (London and New York: Penguin Classics, 2006); <em>The Pahlavi Rivāyat Accompanying the Dādestān ī Dēnīg </em>(Copenhagen, The Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, 2 vols., 1990).</p> </div>  </div> <div class="et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_2 et_pb_column_5"> <div class="et_pb_module et-waypoint et_pb_image et_pb_animation_off et_pb_image_1 et_always_center_on_mobile"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170717043558im_/http://www.bips.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Prof.-Alan-Williams-929x1024.jpg" alt=""/> </div> </div>  </div>  </div>  </div>  </article>  </div>  <footer id="main-footer"> <div class="container"> <div id="footer-widgets" class="clearfix"> <div class="footer-widget"><div id="text-2" class="fwidget et_pb_widget widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"><p style="color: #ffffff" ; "text-align: right">London Office:</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="footer-widget"><div id="text-3" class="fwidget et_pb_widget widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"><p style="color: #ffffff">10 Carlton House Terrace<br> London SW1Y 5AH<br> +44 (0)20 7969 5203<br> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170717043558/mailto:bips@britac.ac.uk?" style="color: #ffffff">bips@britac.ac.uk</a></p></div> </div> </div> <div class="footer-widget"><div id="text-4" class="fwidget et_pb_widget widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"><p style="color: #ffffff">Tehran Office:</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="footer-widget last"><div id="text-5" class="fwidget et_pb_widget widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"><p style="color: #ffffff">1623 Dr Shariati Avenue<br> Tehran 19396-13361<br> +98 (21) 2612 2176<br> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170717043558/mailto:manager@bips.ac.uk?" style="color: #ffffff">manager@bips.ac.uk</a></p></div> </div> </div>  </div>  </div>  <div id="footer-bottom"> <div class="container clearfix"> <ul class="et-social-icons"> <li class="et-social-icon et-social-facebook"> <a href="#" class="icon"> <span>Facebook</span> </a> </li> <li class="et-social-icon et-social-twitter"> <a href="#" class="icon"> <span>Twitter</span> </a> </li> <li class="et-social-icon et-social-google-plus"> <a href="#" class="icon"> <span>Google</span> </a> </li> <li class="et-social-icon et-social-rss"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170717043558/http://www.bips.ac.uk/feed/" class="icon"> <span>RSS</span> </a> </li> </ul> <p id="footer-info">Copyright © 2015 - 2017 <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170717043558/http://www.bips.ac.uk/">BIPS</a> | Developed by <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170717043558/http://www.nettl.com/uk/clerkenwell">Nettl of Clerkenwell</a></p> </div>  </div> </footer>  </div>  </div>  <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ r3f5x9JS=escape(document['referrer']); 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