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osteosarcoma</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: osteosarcoma"> <meta name="keywords" content="osteosarcoma"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="osteosarcoma"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 17</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: osteosarcoma</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Hydrogen, a Novel Therapeutic Molecule, in Osteosarcoma Disease</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priyanka%20Sharma">Priyanka Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajeshwar%20Nath%20Srivastava"> Rajeshwar Nath Srivastava</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydrogen has a high level of efficacy in suppressing tumour growth. The role of hydrogen in cancer treatment is unclear. This groundbreaking research will focus on the most effective therapeutic approach for osteosarcoma. Recent data reveals that hydrogen, a naturally occurring gaseous chemical, can protect cells from death. However, little is known about the signalling pathways that regulate cardiac cell death and individual apoptosis signalling by H2 and its downstream targets. According to certain research, the anti-tumor effect of H2 released by magnesium-based biomaterials is mediated by the P53-mediated lysosome-mitochondria apoptosis signalling pathway, bolstering the biomaterial's therapeutic potential as a localised anti-tumor treatment. The role of the H2 molecule in the signalling of apoptotic, autophagic, necroptotic, and pyroptotic cell death in Osteosarcoma is discussed in this paper. Potential Hydrogen-based therapy techniques will broaden the treatment horizon for Osteosarcoma. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteosarcoma" title="osteosarcoma">osteosarcoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metastasis" title=" metastasis"> metastasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hhydrogen" title=" hhydrogen"> hhydrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=therapeutic" title=" therapeutic"> therapeutic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146908/hydrogen-a-novel-therapeutic-molecule-in-osteosarcoma-disease" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146908.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Parathyroid Hormone Receptor 1 as a Prognostic Indicator in Canine Osteosarcoma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Awf%20A.%20Al-Khan">Awf A. Al-Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20J.%20Day"> Michael J. Day</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Judith%20Nimmo"> Judith Nimmo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mourad%20Tayebi"> Mourad Tayebi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stewart%20D.%20Ryan"> Stewart D. Ryan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samantha%20J.%20Richardson"> Samantha J. Richardson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Janine%20A.%20Danks"> Janine A. Danks</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common type of malignant primary bone tumour in dogs. In addition to their critical roles in bone formation and remodeling, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and its receptor (PTHR1) are involved in progression and metastasis of many types of tumours in humans. The aims of this study were to determine the localisation and expression levels of PTHrP and PTHR1 in canine OS tissues using immunohistochemistry and to investigate if this expression is correlated with survival time. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 44 dogs with known survival time that had been diagnosed with primary osteosarcoma were analysed for localisation of PTHrP and PTHR1. Findings showed that both PTHrP and PTHR1 were present in all OS samples. The dogs with high level of PTHR1 protein (16%) had decreased survival time (P<0.05) compared to dogs with less PTHR1 protein. PTHrP levels did not correlate with survival time (P>0.05). The results of this study indicate that the PTHR1 is expressed differently in canine OS tissues and this may be correlated with poor prognosis. This may mean that PTHR1 may be useful as a prognostic indicator in canine OS and could represent a good therapeutic target in OS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dog" title="dog">dog</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expression" title=" expression"> expression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteosarcoma" title=" osteosarcoma"> osteosarcoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parathyroid%20hormone%20receptor%201%20%28PTHR1%29" title=" parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTHR1)"> parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTHR1)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parathyroid%20hormone-related%20protein%20%28PTHrP%29" title=" parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP)"> parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=survival" title=" survival"> survival</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55383/parathyroid-hormone-receptor-1-as-a-prognostic-indicator-in-canine-osteosarcoma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55383.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Palliative Orthovoltage Radiotherapy and Subcutaneous Infusion of Carboplatin for Treatment of Appendicular Osteosarcoma in Dogs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kathryn%20L.%20Duncan">Kathryn L. Duncan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charles%20A.%20Kuntz"> Charles A. Kuntz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alessandra%20C.%20Santamaria"> Alessandra C. Santamaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20O.%20Simcock"> James O. Simcock</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Access to megavoltage radiation therapy for small animals is limited in many locations around the world. This can preclude the use of palliative radiation therapy for the treatment of appendicular osteosarcoma in dogs. The objective of this study was to retrospectively assess the adverse effects and survival times of dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma that were treated with hypofractionated orthovoltage radiation therapy and adjunctive carboplatin chemotherapy administered via a single subcutaneous infusion. Medical records were reviewed retrospectively to identify client-owned dogs with spontaneously occurring appendicular osteosarcoma that was treated with palliative orthovoltage radiation therapy and a single subcutaneous infusion of carboplatin. Data recorded included signalment, tumour location, results of diagnostic imaging, haematologic and serum biochemical analyses, adverse effects of radiation therapy and chemotherapy, and survival times. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed, and log-rank analysis was used to determine the impact of specific patient variables on survival time. Twenty-three dogs were identified that met the inclusion criteria. Median survival time for dogs was 182 days. Eleven dogs had adverse haematologic effects, 3 had adverse gastrointestinal effects, 6 had adverse effects at the radiation site and 7 developed infections at the carboplatin infusion site. No statistically significant differences were identified in survival times based on sex, tumour location, development of infection, or pretreatment serum alkaline phosphatase. Median survival time and incidence of adverse effects were comparable to those previously reported in dogs undergoing palliative radiation therapy with megavoltage or cobalt radiation sources and conventional intravenous carboplatin chemotherapy. The use of orthovoltage palliative radiation therapy may be a reasonable alternative to megavoltage radiation in locations where access is limited. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiotherapy" title="radiotherapy">radiotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20oncology" title=" veterinary oncology"> veterinary oncology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemotherapy" title=" chemotherapy"> chemotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteosarcoma" title=" osteosarcoma"> osteosarcoma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147082/palliative-orthovoltage-radiotherapy-and-subcutaneous-infusion-of-carboplatin-for-treatment-of-appendicular-osteosarcoma-in-dogs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147082.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Apoptosis Inducing Potential of Onosma Bracteata Wall. in Mg-63 Human Osteosarcoma Cells via cdk2/Cyclin E Pathway</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajay%20Kumar">Ajay Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satwinderjeet%20Kaur"> Satwinderjeet Kaur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Onosma bracteata Wall. (Boraginaceae), is known to be a medicinal plant, useful in the treatment of body swellings, abdominal pain and urinary calculi, etc. The present study focused on the radical scavenging and cancer growth inhibitory properties of isolates from O. bracteata. Obea fraction demonstrated noticeable free radical scavenging ability along with antiproliferative activity in human osteosarcoma MG-63, human neuroblastoma IMR-32, and human lung cancer A549 cell lines using MTT assay with GI50 values of 88.56, 101.61 and 112.7 μg/ml, respectively. The scanning electron and confocal microscopy studies showed morphological alterations including nuclear condensation and formation of apoptotic bodies in osteosarcoma MG-63 cells. Obea fraction in osteosarcoma MG-63 cells augmented the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential. Flow cytometry analysis revealed the Obea treated cells to be arrested in the G0/G1 phase in a dose dependent manner supported by the observed increase in the early apoptotic cell population. Western blotting analysis showed that the expression of p-NF-kB, COX-2, p-Akt, and Bcl-xL decreased whereas, the expression of GSK-3β, p53, caspase-3 and caspase-9 proteins increased. The downregulation of Bcl-2, Cyclin E, CDK2 and mortalin gene expression and upregulation of p53 genes was unfolded in RT-qPCR studies. The presence of catechin, kaempferol, Onosmin A and epicatechin, as revealed in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) studies, contributes towards the chemopreventive potential of O. bracteata which can be tapped for chemotherapeutic use. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title="apoptosis">apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=confocal%20microscopy" title=" confocal microscopy"> confocal microscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HPLC" title=" HPLC"> HPLC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitochondria%20membrane%20potential" title=" mitochondria membrane potential"> mitochondria membrane potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactive%20oxygen%20species" title=" reactive oxygen species"> reactive oxygen species</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136286/apoptosis-inducing-potential-of-onosma-bracteata-wall-in-mg-63-human-osteosarcoma-cells-via-cdk2cyclin-e-pathway" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136286.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Research on the Role of Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor Beta in Promoting Dedifferentiation and Pulmonary Metastasis of Osteosarcoma Under Hypoxic Microenvironment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enjie%20Xu">Enjie Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhen%20Huang"> Zhen Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kunpeng%20Zhu"> Kunpeng Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jianping%20Hu"> Jianping Hu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaolong%20Ma"> Xiaolong Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongjie%20Wang"> Yongjie Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiazhuang%20Zhu"> Jiazhuang Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chunlin%20Zhang"> Chunlin Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Abstract: Hypoxia and dedifferentiation of osteosarcoma (OS) cells leads to poor prognosis. We plan to identify the role of hypoxia on dedifferentiation and the associated signaling pathways. We performed a sphere formation assay and determined spheroid cells as dedifferentiated cells by detecting stem cell-like markers. RNAi assay was used to explore the expression relationship between hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (HIF1A) and platelet derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRB). We obtained PDGFRB knockdown and overexpression cells through lentiviral infection experiments and the effects of PDGFRB on cytoskeleton rearrangement and cell adhesion were explored by immunocytochemistry. Wound-healing experiments, transwell assays, and animal trials were employed to investigate the effect of PDGFRB on OS metastasis. Dedifferentiated OS cells were found to exhibit high expression of HIF1A and PDGFRB, and HIF1A promoted the expression of PDGFRB, subsequently activated ras homolog family member A (RhoA), and increased the phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC). PDGFRB also enhanced the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). The OS cell morphology and vinculin distribution were altered by PDGFRB. PDGFRB also promoted cell dedifferentiation and had a significant impact on the metastasis of OS cells both in vitro and in vivo. Our results demonstrated that HIF1A up-regulated PDGFRB under hypoxic conditions, and PDGFRB regulated the actin cytoskeleton by activating RhoA and subsequently phosphorylating MLC, thereby promoting OS dedifferentiation and pulmonary metastasis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteosarcoma" title="osteosarcoma">osteosarcoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dedifferentiation" title=" dedifferentiation"> dedifferentiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metastasis" title=" metastasis"> metastasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytoskeleton%20rearrangement" title=" cytoskeleton rearrangement"> cytoskeleton rearrangement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PDGFRB" title=" PDGFRB"> PDGFRB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypoxia" title=" hypoxia"> hypoxia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184648/research-on-the-role-of-platelet-derived-growth-factor-receptor-beta-in-promoting-dedifferentiation-and-pulmonary-metastasis-of-osteosarcoma-under-hypoxic-microenvironment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184648.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">47</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Fluoride-Induced Stress and Its Association with Bone Developmental Pathway in Osteosarcoma Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deepa%20Gandhi">Deepa Gandhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pravin%20K.%20Naoghare"> Pravin K. Naoghare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amit%20Bafana"> Amit Bafana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krishnamurthi%20Kannan"> Krishnamurthi Kannan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saravanadevi%20Sivanesana"> Saravanadevi Sivanesana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oxidative stress is known to depreciate normal functioning of osteoblast cells. Present study reports oxidative/inflammatory signatures in fluoride exposed human osteosarcoma (HOS) cells and its possible association with the genes involved in bone developmental pathway. Microarray analysis was performed to understand the possible molecular mechanisms of stress-mediated bone lose in HOS cells. Cells were chronically exposed with sub-lethal concentration of fluoride. Global gene expression is profiling revealed 34 up regulated and 2598 down-regulated genes, which were associated with several biological processes including bone development, osteoblast differentiation, stress response, inflammatory response, apoptosis, regulation of cell proliferation. Microarray data were further validated through qRT-PCR and western blot analyses using key representative genes. Based on these findings, it can be proposed that chronic exposure of fluoride may impair bone development via oxidative and inflammatory stress. The present finding also provides important biological clues, which will be helpful for the development of therapeutic targets against diseases related bone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone" title="bone">bone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HOS%20cells" title=" HOS cells"> HOS cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microarray" title=" microarray"> microarray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress" title=" stress"> stress</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40877/fluoride-induced-stress-and-its-association-with-bone-developmental-pathway-in-osteosarcoma-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40877.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Intensive Crosstalk between Autophagy and Intracellular Signaling Regulates Osteosarcoma Cell Survival Response under Cisplatin Stress</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jyothi%20Nagraj">Jyothi Nagraj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudeshna%20Mukherjee"> Sudeshna Mukherjee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajdeep%20Chowdhury"> Rajdeep Chowdhury</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Autophagy has recently been linked with cancer cell survival post drug insult contributing to acquisition of resistance. However, the molecular signaling governing autophagic survival response is poorly explored. In our study, in osteosarcoma (OS) cells cisplatin shock was found to activate both MAPK and autophagy signaling. An activation of JNK and autophagy acted as pro-survival strategy, while ERK1/2 triggered apoptotic signals upon cisplatin stress. An increased sensitivity of the cells to cisplatin was obtained with simultaneous inhibition of both autophagy and JNK pathway. Furthermore, we observed that the autophagic stimulation upon drug stress regulates other developmentally active signaling pathways like the Hippo pathway in OS cells. Cisplatin resistant cells were thereafter developed by repetitive drug exposure followed by clonal selection. Basal levels of autophagy were found to be high in resistant cells to. However, the signaling mechanism leading to autophagic up-regulation and its regulatory effect differed in OS cells upon attaining drug resistance. Our results provide valuable clues to regulatory dynamics of autophagy that can be considered for development of improved therapeutic strategy against resistant type cancers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=JNK" title="JNK">JNK</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autophagy" title=" autophagy"> autophagy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20resistance" title=" drug resistance"> drug resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer" title=" cancer"> cancer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63712/intensive-crosstalk-between-autophagy-and-intracellular-signaling-regulates-osteosarcoma-cell-survival-response-under-cisplatin-stress" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63712.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Production, Characterization and In vitro Evaluation of [223Ra]RaCl2 Nanomicelles for Targeted Alpha Therapy of Osteosarcoma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Yang">Yang Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luciana%20Magalh%C3%A3es%20Rebelo%20Alencar"> Luciana Magalhães Rebelo Alencar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martha%20Sahyl%C3%AD%20Ortega%20Pijeira"> Martha Sahylí Ortega Pijeira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beatriz%20da%20Silva%20Batista"> Beatriz da Silva Batista</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alefe%20Roger%20Silva%20Fran%C3%A7a"> Alefe Roger Silva França</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erick%20Rafael%20Dias%20Rates"> Erick Rafael Dias Rates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruana%20Cardoso%20Lima"> Ruana Cardoso Lima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Gemini-Piperni"> Sara Gemini-Piperni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ralph%20Santos-Oliveira"> Ralph Santos-Oliveira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Radium-²²³ dichloride ([²²³Rₐ]RₐCl₂) is an alpha particle-emitting radiopharmaceutical currently approved for the treatment of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer, symptomatic bone metastases, and no known visceral metastatic disease. [²²³Rₐ]RₐCl₂ is bone-seeking calcium mimetic that bonds into the newly formed bone stroma, especially osteoblastic or sclerotic metastases, killing the tumor cells by inducing DNA breaks in a potent and localized manner. Nonetheless, the successful therapy of osteosarcoma as primary bone tumors is still a challenge. Nanomicelles are colloidal nanosystems widely used in drug development to improve blood circulation time, bioavailability, and specificity of therapeutic agents, among other applications. In addition, the enhanced permeability and retention effect of the nanosystems, and the renal excretion of the nanomicelles reported in most cases so far, are very attractive to achieve selective and increased accumulation in tumor site as well as to increase the safety of [²²³Rₐ]RₐCl₂ in the clinical routine. In the present work, [²²³Rₐ]RₐCl₂ nanomicelles were produced, characterized, in vitro evaluated, and compared with pure [²²³Rₐ]RₐCl2 solution using SAOS2 osteosarcoma cells. The [²²³Rₐ]RₐCl₂ nanomicelles were prepared using the amphiphilic copolymer Pluronic F127. The dynamic light scattering analysis of freshly produced [²²³Rₐ]RₐCl₂ nanomicelles demonstrated a mean size of 129.4 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.303. After one week stored in the refrigerator, the mean size of the [²²³Rₐ]RₐCl₂ nanomicelles increased to 169.4 with a PDI of 0.381. Atomic force microscopy analysis of [223Rₐ]RₐCl₂ nanomicelles exhibited spherical structures whose heights reach 1 µm, suggesting the filling of 127-Pluronic nanomicelles with [²²³Rₐ]RₐCl₂. The viability assay with [²²³Rₐ]RₐCl₂ nanomicelles displayed a dose-dependent response as it was observed using pure [²²³Rₐ]RₐCl2. However, at the same dose, [²²³Rₐ]RₐCl₂ nanomicelles were 20% higher efficient in killing SAOS2 cells when compared with pure [²²³Rₐ]RₐCl₂. These findings demonstrated the effectiveness of the nanosystem validating the application of nanotechnology in targeted alpha therapy with [²²³Ra]RₐCl₂. In addition, the [²²³Rₐ]RaCl₂nanomicelles may be decorated and incorporated with a great variety of agents and compounds (e.g., monoclonal antibodies, aptamers, peptides) to overcome the limited use of [²²³Ra]RₐCl₂. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanomicelles" title="nanomicelles">nanomicelles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteosarcoma" title=" osteosarcoma"> osteosarcoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radium%20dichloride" title=" radium dichloride"> radium dichloride</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=targeted%20alpha%20therapy" title=" targeted alpha therapy"> targeted alpha therapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152850/production-characterization-and-in-vitro-evaluation-of-223raracl2-nanomicelles-for-targeted-alpha-therapy-of-osteosarcoma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152850.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Management of Renal Malignancies with IVC Thrombus: Our Experience</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sujeet%20Poudyal">Sujeet Poudyal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Renal cell carcinoma is the most common malignancy associated with Inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis. Radical nephrectomy with tumor thrombectomy provides durable cancer-free survival. Other renal malignancies like Wilms’ tumors are also associated with IVC thrombus. We describe our experience with the management of renal malignancies associated with IVC thrombus. Methods: This prospective study included 28 patients undergoing surgery for renal malignancies associated with IVC thrombus from February 2017 to March 2023. Demographics of patients, types of renal malignancy, level of IVC thrombus, intraoperative details, need for venovenous bypass, cardiopulmonary bypass and postoperative outcomes were all documented. Results: Out of a total of 28 patients, 24 patients had clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma,1 had renal osteosarcoma and 3 patients had Wilms tumor. The levels. of thrombus were II in eight, III in seven, and IV in six patients. The mean age of RCC was 62.81±10.2 years, renal osteosarcoma was 26 years and Wilms tumor was 23 years. There was a need for venovenous bypass in four patients and cardiopulmonary bypass in four patients, and the Postoperative period was uneventful in most cases except for two mortalities, one in Level III due to pneumonia and one in Level IV due to sepsis. All cases followed up till now have no local recurrence and metastasis except one case of RCC with Level IV IVC thrombus, which presented with paraaortic nodal recurrence and is currently managed with sunitinib. Conclusion: The complexity in the management of renal malignancy with IVC thrombus increases with the level of IVC thrombus. As radical nephrectomy with tumor thrombectomy provides durable cancer-free survival in most cases, the surgery should be undertaken in an expert and experienced setup with a strong cardiovascular backup to minimize morbidity and mortality associated with the procedure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renal%20malignancy" title="renal malignancy">renal malignancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IVC%20thrombus" title=" IVC thrombus"> IVC thrombus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radical%20nephrectomy%20with%20tumor%20thrombectomy" title=" radical nephrectomy with tumor thrombectomy"> radical nephrectomy with tumor thrombectomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renal%20cell%20carcinoma" title=" renal cell carcinoma"> renal cell carcinoma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168963/management-of-renal-malignancies-with-ivc-thrombus-our-experience" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168963.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> CSPG4 Molecular Target in Canine Melanoma, Osteosarcoma and Mammary Tumors for Novel Therapeutic Strategies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paola%20Modesto">Paola Modesto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Floriana%20Fruscione"> Floriana Fruscione</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isabella%20Martini"> Isabella Martini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simona%20Perga"> Simona Perga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Federica%20Riccardo"> Federica Riccardo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariateresa%20Camerino"> Mariateresa Camerino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Davide%20Giacobino"> Davide Giacobino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cecilia%20Gola"> Cecilia Gola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luca%20Licenziato"> Luca Licenziato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elisabetta%20Razzuoli"> Elisabetta Razzuoli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katia%20Varello"> Katia Varello</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lorella%20Maniscalco"> Lorella Maniscalco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20Bozzetta"> Elena Bozzetta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angelo%20Ferrari"> Angelo Ferrari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Canine and human melanoma, osteosarcoma (OSA), and mammary carcinomas are aggressive tumors with common characteristics making dogs a good model for comparative oncology. Novel therapeutic strategies against these tumors could be useful to both species. In humans, chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) is a marker involved in tumor progression and could be a candidate target for immunotherapy. The anti-CSPG4 DNA electrovaccination has shown to be an effective approach for canine malignant melanoma (CMM) [1]. An immunohistochemistry evaluation of CSPG4 expression in tumour tissue is generally performed prior to electrovaccination. To assess the possibility to perform a rapid molecular evaluation and in order to validate these spontaneous canine tumors as the model for human studies, we investigate the CSPG4 gene expression by RT qPCR in CMM, OSA, and canine mammary tumors (CMT). The total RNA was extracted from RNAlater stored tissue samples (CMM n=16; OSA n=13; CMT n=6; five paired normal tissues for CMM, five paired normal tissues for OSA and one paired normal tissue for CMT), retro-transcribed and then analyzed by duplex RT-qPCR using two different TaqMan assays for the target gene CSPG4 and the internal reference gene (RG) Ribosomal Protein S19 (RPS19). RPS19 was selected from a panel of 9 candidate RGs, according to NormFinder analysis following the protocol already described [2]. Relative expression was analyzed by CFX Maestro™ Software. Student t-test and ANOVA were performed (significance set at P<0.05). Results showed that gene expression of CSPG4 in OSA tissues is significantly increased by 3-4 folds when compared to controls. In CMT, gene expression of the target was increased from 1.5 to 19.9 folds. In melanoma, although an increasing trend was observed, no significant differences between the two groups were highlighted. Immunohistochemistry analysis of the two cancer types showed that the expression of CSPG4 within CMM is concentrated in isles of cells compared to OSA, where the distribution of positive cells is homogeneous. This evidence could explain the differences in gene expression results.CSPG4 immunohistochemistry evaluation in mammary carcinoma is in progress. The evidence of CSPG4 expression in a different type of canine tumors opens the way to the possibility of extending the CSPG4 immunotherapy marker in CMM, OSA, and CMT and may have an impact to translate this strategy modality to human oncology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=canine%20melanoma" title="canine melanoma">canine melanoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=canine%20mammary%20carcinomas" title=" canine mammary carcinomas"> canine mammary carcinomas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=canine%20osteosarcoma" title=" canine osteosarcoma"> canine osteosarcoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CSPG4" title=" CSPG4"> CSPG4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gene%20expression" title=" gene expression"> gene expression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunotherapy" title=" immunotherapy"> immunotherapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141925/cspg4-molecular-target-in-canine-melanoma-osteosarcoma-and-mammary-tumors-for-novel-therapeutic-strategies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141925.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">174</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Psychological Aspects of Quality of Life in Patients with Primary and Metastatic Bone Tumors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Yu%20Shchelkova">O. Yu Shchelkova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20B.%20Usmanova"> E. B. Usmanova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Last decades scientific research of quality of life (QoL) is developing fast worldwide. QoL concept pays attention to emotional experience of disease in patients, particularly to personal sense of possibility to satisfy actual needs and possibility of full social functioning in spite of disease limitations. QoL in oncological patients is studied intensively. Nevertheless, the issue of QoL in patients with bone tumors focused on psychological factors of QoL and relation to disease impact on QoL is not discussed. The aim of the study was to reveal the basic aspects and personality factors of QoL in patients with bone tumor. Results: Study participants were 139 patients with bone tumors. The diagnoses were osteosarcoma (n=42), giant cell tumor (n=32), chondrosarcoma (n=32), Ewing sarcoma (n=10) and bone metastases (n=23). The study revealed that patients with bone metastases assess their health significantly worse than other patients. Besides patients with osteosarcoma evaluate their general health higher than patients with giant cell tumors. Social functioning in patients with chondrosarcoma is higher than in patients with bone metastases and patients with giant cell tumor. Patients with chondrosarcoma have higher physical functioning and less restricted in daily activities than patients with bone metastases. Patients with bone metastases characterize their pain as more widespread than patients with primary bone tumors and have more functional restrictions due to bone incision. Moreover, the study revealed personality significant influence on QoL related to bone tumors. Such characteristics in structure of personality as high degree of self-consciousness, personal resources, cooperation and disposition to positive reappraisal in difficult situation correspond to higher QoL. Otherwise low personal resources and slight problem solving behaviour, low degree of self-consciousness and high social dependence correspond to decrease of QoL in patients with bone tumors. Conclusion: Patients with bone metastasis have lower QoL compared to patients with primary bone tumors. Patients with giant cell tumor have the worth quality of life among patients with primary bone tumors. Furthermore, the results revealed differences in QoL parameters associated with personality characteristics in patients with bone tumors. Such psychological factors as future goals, interest in life and emotional saturation, besides high degree of personal resources and cooperation influence on increasing QoL in patients with bone tumors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title="quality of life">quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychological%20factors" title=" psychological factors"> psychological factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20tumor" title=" bone tumor"> bone tumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personality" title=" personality"> personality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94047/psychological-aspects-of-quality-of-life-in-patients-with-primary-and-metastatic-bone-tumors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94047.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Bioactive Molecules Isolated for the First Time from Hyoscyamus albus L. and their Mechanisms Underlying the Anticancer Effects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benhouda%20%20Afaf">Benhouda Afaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yahia%20Massinissa"> Yahia Massinissa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paolo%20Grieco"> Paolo Grieco</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hyoscyamus albus L. is a small genus from Solanaceae family known by its use in old traditional medicine in the east of Algeria. Aim: This study aimed to characterize bioactive molecules from H. albus, evaluate their anticancer activity in several cancer cells and investigate their possible molecular mechanism. Materials and Methods: Different compounds (Peak h of fraction F), (Peak 3 of Fraction F), (Peak 1 of fraction C) were isolated from H.albus L by using high-performance chromatography (HPLC), mass spectrometry (MS) and proton NMR (NMR H1). All isolated compounds were subjected to cytotoxicity and antiproliferative assays against a panel of the four cell lines: DU-145, U-2 OS, U-87 MG and LN-229 cell lines and were determined using MTT assay, Annexin V and propodium iodide were used to evaluate apoptosis. Results: The phytochemical study of H. albus Fractions led to the isolation of quercetin-3-O-β-dglucopyranosyl-( 1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranosid, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, Hydrocaffeoyl-N8- caffeoylspermidine.The biological results indicated that all cell lines were consistently sensitive to P1 FC in a dose-dependent manner. This difference in cytotoxic sensitivity was more pronounced in osteosarcoma cell line, U-2 OS, when compared to prostate cancer and U-87 MG. Cell viability data also demonstrated that only U-87 MG cells were responsive to treatment with Ph FF. compounds P1 FC and Ph FF have induced necrosis and apoptosis in a large part of LN-229 cells. Conclusion: The overall results of the present study provided evidence that isolated compounds are potential therapeutic entities against cancer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyoscyamus%20albus" title="hyoscyamus albus">hyoscyamus albus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20cells" title=" cancer cells"> cancer cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coumpounds" title=" coumpounds"> coumpounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HPLC" title=" HPLC"> HPLC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194785/bioactive-molecules-isolated-for-the-first-time-from-hyoscyamus-albus-l-and-their-mechanisms-underlying-the-anticancer-effects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194785.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">9</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Mutation Profiling of Paediatric Solid Tumours in a Cohort of South African Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Lamola">L. Lamola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Manolas"> E. Manolas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Krause"> A. Krause</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The incidence of childhood cancer incidence is increasing gradually in low-middle income countries, such as South Africa. Globally, there is an extensive range of familial- and hereditary-cancer syndromes, where underlying germline variants increase the likelihood of developing cancer in childhood. Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies have been key in determining the occurrence and genetic contribution of germline variants to paediatric cancer development. We aimed to design and evaluate a candidate gene panel specific to inherited cancer-predisposing genes to provide a comprehensive insight into the contribution of germline variants to childhood cancer. Methods: 32 paediatric patients (aged 0-18 years) diagnosed with a malignant tumour were recruited, and biological samples were obtained. After quality control, DNA was sequenced using an ion Ampliseq 50 candidate gene panel design and Ion Torrent S5 technologies. Sequencing variants were called using Ion Torrent Suite software and were subsequently annotated using Ion Reporter and Ensembl's VEP. High priority variants were manually analysed using tools such as MutationTaster, SIFT-INDEL and VarSome. Putative identified candidates were validated via Sanger Sequencing. Results: The patients studied had a variety of cancers, the most common being nephroblastoma (13), followed by osteosarcoma (4) and astrocytoma (3). We identified 10 pathogenic / likely pathogenic variants in 10 patients, most of which were novel. Conclusions: According to the literature, we expected ~10% of our patient population to harbour pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline variants, however, we reported about 3 times (~30%) more than we expected. Majority of the identified variants are novel; this may be because this is the first study of its kind in an understudied South African population. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetics" title=" genetics"> genetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germline-variants" title=" germline-variants"> germline-variants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paediatric-cancer" title=" paediatric-cancer"> paediatric-cancer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144450/mutation-profiling-of-paediatric-solid-tumours-in-a-cohort-of-south-african-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144450.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> PTOP Expression Correlates with Telomerase Activity and Grades of Malignancy in Human Glioma Tissues</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Polito">F. Polito</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Cucinotta"> M. Cucinotta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Conti"> A. Conti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Lo%20Giudice"> C. Lo Giudice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Tomasello"> C. Tomasello</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Angileri"> F. Angileri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20La%20Torre"> D. La Torre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Aguennouz"> M. Aguennouz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive form of brain tumors, with an extremely poor prognosis. Telomeres lenght is associated with tumor progression in several type of human cancers and telomere elongation is a common molecular feature of advanced malignancies. Among the telomeric shelterin proteins PTOP is required for telomeric protein complex assembly, telomerase recruitment and activity, and telomere length regulation through a PTOP-telomerase interaction. Previous studies suggest that PTOP upregulation is involved in radioresistance and telomere lengthening in colorectal cancer cells. Moreover, in human osteosarcoma cells PTOP deletion led to telomere shortening, increased apoptosis and radiation sensitivity enhancement. However, to date, little is known about the role of PTOP in progression of glioma cancers. In light of this background aim of the study is to investigate the expression of PTOP in different grades of human glioma and its correlation with the pathological grade of gliomas, grades of malignancy, proliferative activity and apoptosis. Fifteen Low Grade Astrocytomas (LGA), 18 Anaplastic Astrocytomas (AA) and 26 Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) samples were analyzed. Three samples of normal brain tissue (NBT) were used as controls. The expression levels of PTOP, h-TERT, BIRC1 and cyclin D1 were determined by real time PCR and/or western blot. Results obtained shows that PTOP expression in glioma tissues is tightly correlated with clinical grade ( p < 0.01 ). No correlation was found between PTOP expression and other clinicopathologic parameters. The expression of PTOP was positively correlated with the expression of hTERT and TERF1. Furthermore PTOP positively correlates with cyclin D1 and negatively correlates with the expression of BIRC1. Our findings indicate that PTOP might play key role in the progression of glioma regulating telomerase activity and likely through regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis. In conclusion results obtained prompted us to speculate that PTOP might represents a potential molecular bio marker and a therapeutic target for the treatment of glioblastoma tumors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glioblastoma" title="glioblastoma">glioblastoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PTOP" title=" PTOP"> PTOP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=telomere" title=" telomere"> telomere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain%20tumors" title=" brain tumors"> brain tumors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21211/ptop-expression-correlates-with-telomerase-activity-and-grades-of-malignancy-in-human-glioma-tissues" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21211.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Comparison of Monte Carlo Simulations and Experimental Results for the Measurement of Complex DNA Damage Induced by Ionizing Radiations of Different Quality</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ifigeneia%20V.%20Mavragani">Ifigeneia V. Mavragani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zacharenia%20Nikitaki"> Zacharenia Nikitaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Kalantzis"> George Kalantzis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Iliakis"> George Iliakis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexandros%20G.%20Georgakilas"> Alexandros G. Georgakilas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Complex DNA damage consisting of a combination of DNA lesions, such as Double Strand Breaks (DSBs) and non-DSB base lesions occurring in a small volume is considered as one of the most important biological endpoints regarding ionizing radiation (IR) exposure. Strong theoretical (Monte Carlo simulations) and experimental evidence suggests an increment of the complexity of DNA damage and therefore repair resistance with increasing linear energy transfer (LET). Experimental detection of complex (clustered) DNA damage is often associated with technical deficiencies limiting its measurement, especially in cellular or tissue systems. Our groups have recently made significant improvements towards the identification of key parameters relating to the efficient detection of complex DSBs and non-DSBs in human cellular systems exposed to IR of varying quality (γ-, X-rays 0.3-1 keV/μm, α-particles 116 keV/μm and 36Ar ions 270 keV/μm). The induction and processing of DSB and non-DSB-oxidative clusters were measured using adaptations of immunofluorescence (γH2AX or 53PB1 foci staining as DSB probes and human repair enzymes OGG1 or APE1 as probes for oxidized purines and abasic sites respectively). In the current study, Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) values for DSB and non-DSB induction have been measured in different human normal (FEP18-11-T1) and cancerous cell lines (MCF7, HepG2, A549, MO59K/J). The experimental results are compared to simulation data obtained using a validated microdosimetric fast Monte Carlo DNA Damage Simulation code (MCDS). Moreover, this simulation approach is implemented in two realistic clinical cases, i.e. prostate cancer treatment using X-rays generated by a linear accelerator and a pediatric osteosarcoma case using a 200.6 MeV proton pencil beam. RBE values for complex DNA damage induction are calculated for the tumor areas. These results reveal a disparity between theory and experiment and underline the necessity for implementing highly precise and more efficient experimental and simulation approaches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex%20DNA%20damage" title="complex DNA damage">complex DNA damage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20damage%20simulation" title=" DNA damage simulation"> DNA damage simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protons" title=" protons"> protons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiotherapy" title=" radiotherapy"> radiotherapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60953/comparison-of-monte-carlo-simulations-and-experimental-results-for-the-measurement-of-complex-dna-damage-induced-by-ionizing-radiations-of-different-quality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60953.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">325</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Osseointegration Outcomes Following Amputee Lengthening</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jason%20Hoellwarth">Jason Hoellwarth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atiya%20Oomatia"> Atiya Oomatia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anuj%20Chavan"> Anuj Chavan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Tetsworth"> Kevin Tetsworth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Munjed%20Al%20Muderis"> Munjed Al Muderis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Percutaneous EndoProsthetic Osseointegration for Limbs (PEPOL) facilitates improved quality of life (QOL) and objective mobility for most amputees discontent with their traditional socket prosthesis (TSP) experience. Some amputees desiring PEPOL have residual bone much shorter than the currently marketed press-fit implant lengths of 14-16 cm, potentially a risk for failure to integrate. We report on the techniques used, complications experienced, the management of those complications, and the overall mobility outcomes of seven patients who had femur distraction osteogenesis (DO) with a Freedom nail followed by PEPOL. Method: Retrospective evaluation of a prospectively maintained database identified nine patients (5 females) who had transfemoral DO in preparation for PEPOL with two years of follow-up after PEPOL. Six patients had traumatic causes of amputation, one had perinatal complications, one was performed to manage necrotizing fasciitis and one was performed as a result of osteosarcoma. Result: The average age at which DO commenced was 39.4±15.9 years, and seven patients had their amputation more than ten years prior (average 25.5±18.8 years). The residual femurs, on average, started at 102.2±39.7 mm and were lengthened 58.1±20.7 mm, 98±45% of the goal (99±161% of the original bone length). Five patients (56%) had a complication requiring additional surgery: four events of inadequate regeneration were managed with continued lengthening to the desired goal followed by autograft placement harvested from contralateral femur reaming; one patient had the cerclage wires break, which required operative replacement. All patients had osseointegration performed at 355±123 days after the initial lengthening nail surgery. One patient had K-level >2 before DO, at a mean of 3.4±0.6 (2.6-4.4) years following osseointegration. Six patients had K-level >2. The 6-Minute Walk Test remained unchanged (267±56 vs. 308 ± 117 meters). Patient self-rating of prosthesis function, problems, and amputee situation did not significantly change from before DO to after osseointegration. Six patients required additional surgery following osseointegration: six to remove fixation plates placed to maintain distraction osteogenesis length at osseointegration; two required irritation and debridement for infection. Conclusion: Extremely short residual femurs, which make TSP use troublesome, can be lengthened with externally controlled telescoping nails and successfully achieve osseointegration. However, it is imperative to counsel patients that additional surgery to address inadequate regeneration or to remove painful hardware used to maintain fixation may be necessary. This may improve the amputee’s expectations before beginning a potentially arduous process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osseointegration" title="osseointegration">osseointegration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=limb%20lengthening" title=" limb lengthening"> limb lengthening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amputation" title=" amputation"> amputation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168461/osseointegration-outcomes-following-amputee-lengthening" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Production, Characterisation, and in vitro Degradation and Biocompatibility of a Solvent-Free Polylactic-Acid/Hydroxyapatite Composite for 3D-Printed Maxillofacial Bone-Regeneration Implants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Amnael%20Orozco-Diaz">Carlos Amnael Orozco-Diaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20David%20Moorehead"> Robert David Moorehead</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gwendolen%20Reilly"> Gwendolen Reilly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fiona%20Gilchrist"> Fiona Gilchrist</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheryl%20Ann%20Miller"> Cheryl Ann Miller</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current gold-standard for maxillofacial reconstruction surgery (MRS) utilizes auto-grafted cancellous bone as a filler. This study was aimed towards developing a polylactic-acid/hydroxyapatite (PLA-HA) composite suitable for fused-deposition 3D printing. Functionalization of the polymer through the addition of HA was directed to promoting bone-regeneration properties so that the material can rival the performance of cancellous bone grafts in terms of bone-lesion repair. This kind of composite enables the production of MRS implants based off 3D-reconstructions from image studies – namely computed tomography – for anatomically-correct fitting. The present study encompassed in-vitro degradation and in-vitro biocompatibility profiling for 3D-printed PLA and PLA-HA composites. PLA filament (Verbatim Co.) and Captal S hydroxyapatite micro-scale HA powder (Plasma Biotal Ltd) were used to produce PLA-HA composites at 5, 10, and 20%-by-weight HA concentration. These were extruded into 3D-printing filament, and processed in a BFB-3000 3D-Printer (3D Systems Co.) into tensile specimens, and were mechanically challenged as per ASTM D638-03. Furthermore, tensile specimens were subjected to accelerated degradation in phosphate-buffered saline solution at 70°C for 23 days, as per ISO-10993-13-2010. This included monitoring of mass loss (through dry-weighing), crystallinity (through thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis), molecular weight (through gel-permeation chromatography), and tensile strength. In-vitro biocompatibility analysis included cell-viability and extracellular matrix deposition, which were performed both on flat surfaces and on 3D-constructs – both produced through 3D-printing. Discs of 1 cm in diameter and cubic 3D-meshes of 1 cm3 were 3D printed in PLA and PLA-HA composites (n = 6). The samples were seeded with 5000 MG-63 osteosarcoma-like cells, with cell viability extrapolated throughout 21 days via resazurin reduction assays. As evidence of osteogenicity, collagen and calcium deposition were indirectly estimated through Sirius Red staining and Alizarin Red staining respectively. Results have shown that 3D printed PLA loses structural integrity as early as the first day of accelerated degradation, which was significantly faster than the literature suggests. This was reflected in the loss of tensile strength down to untestable brittleness. During degradation, mass loss, molecular weight, and crystallinity behaved similarly to results found in similar studies for PLA. All composite versions and pure PLA were found to perform equivalent to tissue-culture plastic (TCP) in supporting the seeded-cell population. Significant differences (p = 0.05) were found on collagen deposition for higher HA concentrations, with composite samples performing better than pure PLA and TCP. Additionally, per-cell-calcium deposition on the 3D-meshes was significantly lower when comparing 3D-meshes to discs of the same material (p = 0.05). These results support the idea that 3D-printable PLA-HA composites are a viable resorbable material for artificial grafts for bone-regeneration. Degradation data suggests that 3D-printing of these materials – as opposed to other manufacturing methods – might result in faster resorption than currently-used PLA implants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20regeneration%20implants" title="bone regeneration implants">bone regeneration implants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D-printing" title=" 3D-printing"> 3D-printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vitro%20testing" title=" in vitro testing"> in vitro testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biocompatibility" title=" biocompatibility"> biocompatibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20degradation" title=" polymer degradation"> polymer degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer-ceramic%20composites" title=" polymer-ceramic composites"> polymer-ceramic composites</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95371/production-characterisation-and-in-vitro-degradation-and-biocompatibility-of-a-solvent-free-polylactic-acidhydroxyapatite-composite-for-3d-printed-maxillofacial-bone-regeneration-implants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95371.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" 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