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href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quidditat" title="Quidditat – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Quidditat" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quidditas" title="Quidditas – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Quidditas" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missus" title="Missus – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Missus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quididad" title="Quididad – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Quididad" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="ماهیت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ماهیت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiddit%C3%A9" title="Quiddité – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Quiddité" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quidditas" title="Quidditas – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Quidditas" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quidditas" title="Quidditas – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Quidditas" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quidditas" title="Quidditas – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Quidditas" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quidditat" title="Quidditat – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Quidditat" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quididade" title="Quididade – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Quididade" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quidditas" title="Quidditas – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Quidditas" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quidditas" title="Quidditas – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Quidditas" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="چییەتی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="چییەتی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q353761#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/25px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/38px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="815" data-file-height="1105" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Thomas_Aquinas" title="Category:Thomas Aquinas">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Thomas Aquinas</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="display:block;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Verheerlijking_van_de_Heilige_Thomas_van_Aquino,_RP-P-1908-2123.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Verheerlijking_van_de_Heilige_Thomas_van_Aquino%2C_RP-P-1908-2123.jpg/180px-Verheerlijking_van_de_Heilige_Thomas_van_Aquino%2C_RP-P-1908-2123.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Verheerlijking_van_de_Heilige_Thomas_van_Aquino%2C_RP-P-1908-2123.jpg/270px-Verheerlijking_van_de_Heilige_Thomas_van_Aquino%2C_RP-P-1908-2123.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Verheerlijking_van_de_Heilige_Thomas_van_Aquino%2C_RP-P-1908-2123.jpg/360px-Verheerlijking_van_de_Heilige_Thomas_van_Aquino%2C_RP-P-1908-2123.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4112" data-file-height="5488" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:none;font-size:110%;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Thomism" title="Thomism">Thomism</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.1em;padding-right:0.1em;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scholasticism" title="Scholasticism">Scholasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apophatic_theology" title="Apophatic theology">Apophatic theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aseity" title="Aseity">Aseity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_simplicity" title="Divine simplicity">Divine simplicity</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Five_Ways_(Aquinas)" title="Five Ways (Aquinas)">Quinque viae</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatific_vision" title="Beatific vision">Beatific vision</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Actus_purus" title="Actus purus">Actus purus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Actus_essendi" title="Actus essendi">Actus essendi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Unmoved_mover" title="Unmoved mover">Primum Movens</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomistic_sacramental_theology" title="Thomistic sacramental theology">Sacraments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Correspondence_theory_of_truth" title="Correspondence theory of truth">Correspondence theory</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hylomorphism" title="Hylomorphism">Hylomorphism</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Substance_theory" title="Substance theory">Substance theory</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Ousia" title="Ousia">ousia</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Substantial_form" title="Substantial form"><span class="wrap">Substantial form</span></a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Quiddity</a> (<a href="/wiki/Essence" title="Essence">essence</a> / <a href="/wiki/Accident_(philosophy)" title="Accident (philosophy)">accident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nature_(philosophy)" title="Nature (philosophy)">nature</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peripatetic_axiom" title="Peripatetic axiom">Peripatetic axiom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principle_of_double_effect" title="Principle of double effect"><span class="wrap">Principle of double effect</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristotelian_ethics" title="Aristotelian ethics">Aristotelian ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_virtues" title="Cardinal virtues">Cardinal</a> / <a href="/wiki/Theological_virtues" title="Theological virtues">Theological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_law" title="Natural law">Natural law</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Determinatio" title="Determinatio">Determinatio</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Just_war_theory" title="Just war theory">Just war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Just_price" title="Just price">Just price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concupiscence" title="Concupiscence">Concupiscence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intrinsic_finality" title="Intrinsic finality">Intrinsic finality</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:none;font-size:110%;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/List_of_works_by_Thomas_Aquinas" title="List of works by Thomas Aquinas">Works</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.1em;padding-right:0.1em;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;;font-style:italic;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Summa_Theologica" title="Summa Theologica">Summa Theologica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treatise_on_Law" title="Treatise on Law">Treatise on Law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summa_contra_Gentiles" title="Summa contra Gentiles">Summa contra Gentiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contra_Errores_Graecorum" title="Contra Errores Graecorum">Contra Errores Graecorum</a></li> <li><span class="noitalic"><a href="/wiki/Commentaries_on_Aristotle" title="Commentaries on Aristotle">Commentaries on Aristotle</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_regno,_ad_regem_Cypri" title="De regno, ad regem Cypri">De regno, ad regem Cypri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaestiones_Disputatae_de_Veritate" title="Quaestiones Disputatae de Veritate">Quaestiones Disputatae de Veritate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catena_aurea" class="mw-redirect" title="Catena aurea">Catena aurea</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:none;font-size:110%;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Hymns and prayers</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.1em;padding-right:0.1em;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;;font-style:italic;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adoro_te_devote" title="Adoro te devote">Adoro te devote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creator_ineffabilis" title="Creator ineffabilis">Creator ineffabilis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauda_Sion" title="Lauda Sion">Lauda Sion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O_sacrum_convivium" title="O sacrum convivium">O sacrum convivium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pange_lingua_gloriosi_corporis_mysterium" title="Pange lingua gloriosi corporis mysterium">Pange lingua gloriosi corporis mysterium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantum_ergo" title="Tantum ergo">Tantum ergo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacris_solemniis" title="Sacris solemniis">Sacris solemniis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panis_angelicus" title="Panis angelicus">Panis angelicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verbum_supernum_prodiens" title="Verbum supernum prodiens">Verbum supernum prodiens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O_salutaris_hostia" title="O salutaris hostia">O salutaris hostia</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:none;font-size:110%;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Influences</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.1em;padding-right:0.1em;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Apostle" title="Paul the Apostle">St. Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Dionysius_the_Areopagite" title="Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite">Pseudo-Dionysius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">St. Augustine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boethius" title="Boethius">St. Boethius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna">Avicenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Lombard" title="Peter Lombard">Peter Lombard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Averroes" title="Averroes">Averroes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maimonides" title="Maimonides">Maimonides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albertus_Magnus" title="Albertus Magnus">St. Albertus Magnus</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:none;font-size:110%;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Thomist_writers_(13th%E2%80%9318th_centuries)" title="List of Thomist writers (13th–18th centuries)">Classical Thomists</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.1em;padding-right:0.1em;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_de_Cantimpr%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas de Cantimpré">Cantimpré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_of_St_Cher" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugh of St Cher">Saint-Cher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_of_Beauvais" title="Vincent of Beauvais">Beauvais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_of_Penyafort" title="Raymond of Penyafort">Penyafort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Innocent_V" title="Pope Innocent V">Innocent V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giles_de_Lessines" class="mw-redirect" title="Giles de Lessines">Lessines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginald_de_Piperno" class="mw-redirect" title="Reginald de Piperno">Piperno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_of_Moerbeke" title="William of Moerbeke">Moerbeke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Marti" class="mw-redirect" title="Raymond Marti">Martí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_de_Trilia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernard de Trilia">Trilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_of_Hotun" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernard of Hotun">Houghton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietrich_of_Apolda" title="Dietrich of Apolda">Apolda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_of_Sutton" title="Thomas of Sutton">Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_of_Auvergne" title="Peter of Auvergne">Auvergne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XI" title="Pope Benedict XI">Benedict XI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godfrey_of_Fontaines" title="Godfrey of Fontaines">Fontaines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_of_Winterburn" title="Walter of Winterburn">Winterburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86gidius_Colonna" class="mw-redirect" title="Ægidius Colonna">Colonna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_of_Paris_(inquisitor)" title="William of Paris (inquisitor)">Ymbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_of_Bologna" title="Gerard of Bologna">di Bologna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_of_Lucca" title="Ptolemy of Lucca">Fiadoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Guidonis" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernard Guidonis">Guidonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalis_Hervieus" class="mw-redirect" title="Natalis Hervieus">Nédellec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrus_de_Palude" class="mw-redirect" title="Petrus de Palude">Paludanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bradwardin" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Bradwardin">Bradwardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Holkott" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Holkott">Holkott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Naples_(14th_century)" title="John of Naples (14th century)">Regina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bromyard" title="John Bromyard">Bromyard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demetrios_Kydones" title="Demetrios Kydones">Kydones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Eymerich" title="Nicholas Eymerich">Eymerich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Calecas" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuel Calecas">Calecas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Ferrer" title="Vincent Ferrer">Ferrer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dominici" title="John Dominici">Dominici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Gerson" title="Jean Gerson">Gerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_of_Gorkum" title="Henry of Gorkum">Gorkum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Sabunde" class="mw-redirect" title="Raymond Sabunde">Sabunde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominic_of_Flanders" title="Dominic of Flanders">de Flandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoninus_of_Florence" title="Antoninus of Florence">Pierozzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_of_Cusa" title="Nicholas of Cusa">Cusanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Torquemada_(cardinal)" title="Juan de Torquemada (cardinal)">Torquemada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessarion" title="Bessarion">Bessarion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alanus_de_Rupe" title="Alanus de Rupe">de Rupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrus_Niger" class="mw-redirect" title="Petrus Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_of_Bergamo" title="Peter of Bergamo">Almadura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_de_Mirabilibus" title="Nicolaus de Mirabilibus">Mirabilibus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Savonarola" class="mw-redirect" title="Jerome Savonarola">Savonarola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Faber" class="mw-redirect" title="Felix Faber">Fabri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakub_of_Gostynin" title="Jakub of Gostynin">Gostynin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_G%C5%82og%C3%B3w" title="John of Głogów">Głogów</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tetzel" class="mw-redirect" title="John Tetzel">Tetzel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_de_Deza" title="Diego de Deza">Deza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvester_Mazzolini" title="Sylvester Mazzolini">Mazzolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Silvestro_di_Ferrara" class="mw-redirect" title="Francesco Silvestro di Ferrara">di Ferrara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_de_Vio_Cajetan" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas de Vio Cajetan">Gaetanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_Koellin" title="Conrad Koellin">Koellin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santes_Pagnino" title="Santes Pagnino">Pagnino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Vitoria" title="Francisco de Vitoria">Vitoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosius_Catherinus" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambrosius Catherinus">Catherinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Ory" class="mw-redirect" title="Matthew Ory">Ory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domingo_de_Soto" title="Domingo de Soto">Soto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melchior_Cano" class="mw-redirect" title="Melchior Cano">Cano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose_Pelargus" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambrose Pelargus">Pelargus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixtus_of_Siena" title="Sixtus of Siena">Senensis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Faber" title="Johann Faber">Faber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartholomew_Medina" class="mw-redirect" title="Bartholomew Medina">Medina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldonatus" class="mw-redirect" title="Maldonatus">Maldonatus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_of_Granada" title="Louis of Granada">de Granada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartholomew_of_Braga" title="Bartholomew of Braga">Fernandes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domingo_B%C3%A1%C3%B1ez" title="Domingo Báñez">Báñez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serafino_Porrecta" title="Serafino Porrecta">Porrecta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Davy_Duperron" title="Jacques Davy Duperron">Duperron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieronymus_Medices" title="Hieronymus Medices">Medices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lessius" class="mw-redirect" title="Lessius">Lessius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinus_Becanus" class="mw-redirect" title="Martinus Becanus">Verbeeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malvenda" class="mw-redirect" title="Malvenda">Malvenda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_de_Lemos" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas de Lemos">Lemos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Alvarez_(theologian)" title="Diego Alvarez (theologian)">Álvarez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_of_the_Mother_of_God" title="Anthony of the Mother of God">Oliva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Matthew_Rispoli" title="John Matthew Rispoli">Rispoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Riccardi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas Riccardi">Riccardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominic_Gravina" title="Dominic Gravina">Gravina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_St._Thomas" title="John of St. Thomas">Poinsot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Mart%C3%ADnez_de_Ripalda" title="Juan Martínez de Ripalda">Ripada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_de_Molinier" title="Étienne de Molinier">Molinier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crist%C3%B3bal_de_Torres" title="Cristóbal de Torres">Torres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_de_Vallgornera" title="Thomas de Vallgornera">Vallgornera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Sforza_Pallavicino" title="Francesco Sforza Pallavicino">Pallavicino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Nicola%C3%AF" title="Jean Nicolaï">Nicolaï</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominic_Lynch" title="Dominic Lynch">Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicente_Ferre" title="Vicente Ferre">Ferre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Gonet" title="Jean Baptiste Gonet">Gonet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Bancel_(theologian)" title="Louis Bancel (theologian)">Bancel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%A9tif" class="mw-redirect" title="Quétif">Quétif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Massouli%C3%A9" title="Antoine Massoulié">Massoulié</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalis_Alexander" class="mw-redirect" title="Natalis Alexander">Alexandre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_%C3%89chard" title="Jacques Échard">Échard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XIII" title="Pope Benedict XIII">Benedict XIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyacintha_Serry" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyacintha Serry">Serry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_du_Plessis_d%27Argentr%C3%A9" title="Charles du Plessis d'Argentré">Plessis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Louis_Gotti" class="mw-redirect" title="Vincent Louis Gotti">Gotti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Leocata" title="Jerome Leocata">Leocata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniello_Concina" title="Daniello Concina">Concina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedict_XIV" class="mw-redirect" title="Benedict XIV">Benedict XIV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Rubeis" class="mw-redirect" title="De Rubeis">De Rubeis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_de_Burgo" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas de Burgo">Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Tom%C3%A1s_de_Boxadors" title="Juan Tomás de Boxadors">de Boxadors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamachi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mamachi">Mamachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Maria_Gazzaniga" title="Pietro Maria Gazzaniga">Gazzaniga</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:none;font-size:110%;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Neo-Thomism" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-Thomism">Neo-Thomism</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.1em;padding-right:0.1em;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jan_A._Aertsen" title="Jan A. Aertsen">Aertsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimio_de_Anqu%C3%ADn" title="Nimio de Anquín">Anquín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Gonz%C3%A1lez_Arintero" title="Juan González Arintero">Arintero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedict_Ashley" title="Benedict Ashley">Ashley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Barron" title="Robert Barron">Barron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bouquillon" title="Thomas Bouquillon">Bouquillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernon_Bourke" title="Vernon Bourke">Bourke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Canals_Vidal" title="Francisco Canals Vidal">Canals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Coffey" title="Peter Coffey">Coffey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Copleston" title="Frederick Copleston">Copleston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emerich_Coreth" title="Emerich Coreth">Coreth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Daujat" title="Jean Daujat">Daujat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_De_Wulf" title="Maurice De Wulf">De Wulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelio_Fabro" title="Cornelio Fabro">Fabro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E.R._Fairweather" title="E.R. Fairweather">Fairweather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin_Farrer" title="Austin Farrer">Farrer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Feser" title="Edward Feser">Feser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Gardet" title="Louis Gardet">Gardet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9ginald_Garrigou-Lagrange" title="Réginald Garrigou-Lagrange">Garrigou-Lagrange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9-Antoine_Gauthier" title="René-Antoine Gauthier">Gauthier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Geach" title="Peter Geach">Geach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_P._George" title="Robert P. George">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Grenier" title="Henri Grenier">Grenier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._J._B._Hawkins" title="D. J. B. Hawkins">Hawkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich-Carl_Henckel_von_Donnersmarck" title="Friedrich-Carl Henckel von Donnersmarck">von Donnersmarck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Henle" title="Robert J. Henle">Henle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Hugon" title="Édouard Hugon">Hugon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Ryosuke_Inagaki" title="Bernard Ryosuke Inagaki">Inagaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gis_Jolivet" title="Régis Jolivet">Jolivet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Kleutgen" title="Joseph Kleutgen">Kleutgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._X._Knasas" title="John F. X. Knasas">Knasas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milan_Komar" title="Milan Komar">Komar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_De_Koninck" title="Charles De Koninck">Koninck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mieczys%C5%82aw_Albert_Kr%C4%85piec" title="Mieczysław Albert Krąpiec">Krąpiec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_XIII" title="Pope Leo XIII">Leo XIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osvaldo_Lira" title="Osvaldo Lira">Lira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lonergan" title="Bernard Lonergan">Lonergan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alasdair_MacIntyre" title="Alasdair MacIntyre">MacIntyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Mar%C3%A9chal" title="Joseph Maréchal">Maréchal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Maritain" title="Jacques Maritain">Maritain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Marshall" title="Taylor Marshall">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Lionel_Mascall" title="Eric Lionel Mascall">Mascall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_McInerny" title="Ralph McInerny">McInerny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julio_Meinvielle" title="Julio Meinvielle">Meinvielle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Mill%C3%A1n-Puelles" title="Antonio Millán-Puelles">Millán-Puelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Newman" title="John Henry Newman">Newman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominic_Pace" title="Dominic Pace">Pace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Pecci" title="Giuseppe Pecci">Pecci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Charles_Pegis" title="Anton Charles Pegis">Pegis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Piolanti" title="Antonio Piolanti">Piolanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Pirotta" title="Angelo Pirotta">Pirotta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_X" title="Pope Pius X">Pius X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santiago_Mar%C3%ADa_Ram%C3%ADrez_Ru%C3%ADz_de_Dulanto" title="Santiago María Ramírez Ruíz de Dulanto">Ramírez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Marie_R%C3%A9gis" title="Louis-Marie Régis">Régis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad_Ripperger" title="Chad Ripperger">Ripperger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Russo" title="Nicholas Russo">Russo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columba_Ryan" title="Columba Ryan">Ryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonin_Sertillanges" title="Antonin Sertillanges">Sertillanges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yves_Simon_(philosopher)" title="Yves Simon (philosopher)">Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Smith" title="Wolfgang Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Stein" title="Edith Stein">Stein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dtar%C5%8D_Tanaka_(judge)" title="Kōtarō Tanaka (judge)">Tanaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Taparelli" title="Luigi Taparelli">Taparelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_de_Torre" title="Joseph de Torre">Torre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ale%C5%A1_U%C5%A1eni%C4%8Dnik" title="Aleš Ušeničnik">Ušeničnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Joseph_White" title="Thomas Joseph White">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Wilhelmsen" title="Frederick Wilhelmsen">Wilhelmsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Wippel" title="John F. Wippel">Wippel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin_Woodbury" title="Austin Woodbury">Woodbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommaso_Maria_Zigliara" title="Tommaso Maria Zigliara">Zigliara</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:none;font-size:110%;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">History</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.1em;padding-right:0.1em;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canonization_of_Thomas_Aquinas" title="Canonization of Thomas Aquinas">Canonization of Thomas Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_University_of_Saint_Thomas_Aquinas" title="Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas">Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Congregatio_de_Auxiliis" title="Congregatio de Auxiliis">Congregatio de Auxiliis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-scholasticism" title="Neo-scholasticism">Neo-scholasticism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aeterni_Patris" title="Aeterni Patris">Æterni Patris</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Editio_Leonina" title="Editio Leonina">Editio Leonina</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Analytical_Thomism" title="Analytical Thomism">Analytical Thomism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Council_of_Universities_of_Saint_Thomas_Aquinas" title="International Council of Universities of Saint Thomas Aquinas">ICUSTA</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:none;font-size:110%;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Scholarship</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.1em;padding-right:0.1em;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;;font-style:italic;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquinas_(journal)" title="Aquinas (journal)">Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciencia_Tomista" title="Ciencia Tomista">Ciencia Tomista</a></li> <li><span class="noitalic"><a href="/wiki/European_Journal_for_the_Study_of_Thomas_Aquinas" title="European Journal for the Study of Thomas Aquinas">EJSTA</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_Thomisticus" title="Index Thomisticus">Index Thomisticus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_et_Vetera" title="Nova et Vetera">Nova et Vetera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revue_thomiste" title="Revue thomiste">Revue thomiste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cambridge_Companion_to_Aquinas" title="The Cambridge Companion to Aquinas">The Cambridge Companion to Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Oxford_Handbook_of_Aquinas" title="The Oxford Handbook of Aquinas">The Oxford Handbook of Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Thomist" title="The Thomist">The Thomist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas_Dictionary" title="Thomas Aquinas Dictionary">Thomas Aquinas Dictionary</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:none;font-size:110%;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Art</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.1em;padding-right:0.1em;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1476_Altarpiece" title="1476 Altarpiece">1476 Altarpiece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carafa_Chapel" title="Carafa Chapel">Carafa Chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statues_of_Madonna,_Saint_Dominic_and_Thomas_Aquinas,_Charles_Bridge" title="Statues of Madonna, Saint Dominic and Thomas Aquinas, Charles Bridge">Charles Bridge statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortona_Triptych" title="Cortona Triptych">Cortona Triptych</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Enthroned_Madonna_and_Child_with_Saints" title="Enthroned Madonna and Child with Saints">Enthroned Madonna and Child with Saints</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiesole_Altarpiece" title="Fiesole Altarpiece">Fiesole Altarpiece</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Madonna_and_Child_with_St_Dominic_and_St_Thomas_Aquinas" title="Madonna and Child with St Dominic and St Thomas Aquinas">Madonna and Child with<br />St Dominic and St Thomas Aquinas</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Pietro_Martire_Triptych" title="San Pietro Martire Triptych">San Pietro Martire Triptych</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Apotheosis_of_Saint_Thomas_Aquinas" title="The Apotheosis of Saint Thomas Aquinas">The Apotheosis of Saint Thomas Aquinas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Vision_of_Fray_Lauterio" title="The Vision of Fray Lauterio">The Vision of Fray Lauterio</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Temptation_of_St._Thomas_(Vel%C3%A1zquez)" title="Temptation of St. Thomas (Velázquez)">Temptation of St. Thomas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Triumph_of_Saint_Thomas_Aquinas_(Lipo_Memmi)" title="Triumph of Saint Thomas Aquinas (Lipo Memmi)">Triumph of Saint Thomas Aquinas</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:none;font-size:110%;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Related topics</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.1em;padding-right:0.1em;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aristotelianism" title="Aristotelianism">Aristotelianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">Dominican Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Salamanca" title="School of Salamanca">School of Salamanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_theology" title="Catholic theology">Catholic theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_the_Church" title="Doctor of the Church">Doctor of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empiricism" title="Empiricism">Empiricism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_institutions_named_after_Thomas_Aquinas" title="List of institutions named after Thomas Aquinas">List of institutions named after Aquinas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Thomas_Aquinas_Church_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="St. Thomas Aquinas Church (disambiguation)">Saint Thomas Aquinas Church</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Actus_primus" title="Actus primus">Actus primus</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border:none;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Pontifical_University_of_Saint_Thomas_Aquinas.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img 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portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Thomism" title="Template:Thomism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Thomism" title="Template talk:Thomism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Thomism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Thomism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Scholasticism" title="Scholasticism">scholastic philosophy</a>, "<b>quiddity</b>" (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="'w' in 'wind'">w</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>: <i>quidditas</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was another term for the <a href="/wiki/Essence" title="Essence">essence</a> of an object, literally its "whatness" or "what it is". </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quiddity&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term "quiddity" derives from the Latin word <i>quidditas</i>, which was used by the medieval scholastics as a literal translation of the equivalent term in <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Greek</a> <i><b>to ti ên einai</b></i> (τὸ τί ἦν εἶναι)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or "the what it was to be (a given thing)". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quiddity&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Quiddity describes properties that a particular substance (e.g. a person) shares with others of its kind. The question "what (quid) is it?" asks for a general description by way of commonality. This is quiddity or "whatness" (i.e., its "what it is"). Quiddity was often contrasted by the scholastic philosophers with the <a href="/wiki/Haecceity" title="Haecceity">haecceity</a> or "thisness" of an item, which was supposed to be a positive characteristic of an individual that caused it to be <i>this</i> individual, and no other. It is used in this sense in British poet <a href="/wiki/George_Herbert" title="George Herbert">George Herbert</a>'s poem, "Quiddity". Example: What is a "tree"? We can only see specific trees in the world around us - the category "tree" which includes all trees is a classification in our minds, not empirical, and not observable. The quiddity of a tree is the collection of characteristics which make it a tree. This is sometimes referred to as "treeness". This idea fell into disuse with the rise of empiricism, precisely because the essence of things, that which makes them what they are, does not correspond to any observables in the world around us. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_senses">Other senses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quiddity&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Other senses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In law, the term is used to refer to a quibble or academic point. An example can be seen in Hamlet's graveside speech found in <i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet" title="Hamlet">Hamlet</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a>. "Where be his quiddities now, his quillets, his cases, his tenures" says Hamlet, referring to a lawyer's quiddities.</li> <li>Quiddity is the name for the mystical dream sea in <a href="/wiki/Clive_Barker" title="Clive Barker">Clive Barker</a>'s novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Great_and_Secret_Show" title="The Great and Secret Show">The Great and Secret Show</a></i> that exists as a higher plane of human existence. It is featured as more of a literal sea in the novel's sequel, <i><a href="/wiki/Everville" title="Everville">Everville</a></i>, and the related short story, "<a href="/w/index.php?title=On_Amen%27s_Shore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="On Amen's Shore (page does not exist)">On Amen's Shore</a>".</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quiddity&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Essence" title="Essence">Essence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypokeimenon" title="Hypokeimenon">Hypokeimenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ousia" title="Ousia">Ousia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Problem_of_universals" title="Problem of universals">Problem of universals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quidditism" title="Quidditism">Quidditism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Similarity_(philosophy)" title="Similarity (philosophy)">Similarity (philosophy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Substance_theory" title="Substance theory">Substance theory</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quiddity&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Thomas Aquinas</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Summa_Theologica" title="Summa Theologica">Summa Theologiae</a></i>, London: Blackfriars, 1964–1976: i, quaest. 84, art. 7: "<i>quidditas sive natura in materia corporali</i>".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Aristotle, <i><a href="/wiki/Metaphysics_(Aristotle)" title="Metaphysics (Aristotle)">Metaphysics</a></i>, 1029b.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quiddity&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="/wiki/Catholic_moral_theology" title="Catholic moral theology">Ethics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_virtues" title="Cardinal virtues">Cardinal virtues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_command_theory" title="Divine command theory">Divine command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Just_price" title="Just price">Just price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Just_war_theory#Catholic_doctrine" title="Just war theory">Just war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_probabilism" title="Catholic probabilism">Probabilism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_law#Catholic_natural_law_jurisprudence" title="Natural law">Natural law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_personalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic personalism">Personalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_virtues" title="Seven virtues">Seven virtues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_social_teaching" title="Catholic social teaching">Social teaching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theological_virtues" title="Theological virtues">Theological virtues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtue_ethics" title="Virtue ethics">Virtue ethics</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Gentile_da_Fabriano_052.jpg/70px-Gentile_da_Fabriano_052.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Gentile_da_Fabriano_052.jpg/105px-Gentile_da_Fabriano_052.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Gentile_da_Fabriano_052.jpg/140px-Gentile_da_Fabriano_052.jpg 2x" data-file-width="754" data-file-height="963" /></span></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" 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/></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Medieval_philosophy" title="Medieval philosophy">Medieval</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Augustinianism" title="Augustinianism">Augustinianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scholasticism" title="Scholasticism">Scholasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomism" title="Thomism">Thomism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotism" title="Scotism">Scotism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occamism" title="Occamism">Occamism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Modern_philosophy" title="Modern philosophy">Modern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Salamanca" title="School of Salamanca">Salamanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_humanism" title="Christian humanism">Christian humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartesianism" title="Cartesianism">Cartesianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molinism" title="Molinism">Molinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-scholasticism" title="Neo-scholasticism">Neo-scholasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Analytical_Thomism" title="Analytical Thomism">Analytical Thomism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Problem_of_universals" title="Problem of universals">Universals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Platonic_realism" class="mw-redirect" title="Platonic realism">Augustinian realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nominalism" title="Nominalism">Nominalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conceptualism" title="Conceptualism">Conceptualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moderate_realism" title="Moderate realism">Moderate realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotistic_realism" title="Scotistic realism">Scotistic realism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intellectualism" title="Intellectualism">Theological intellectualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voluntarism_(philosophy)" title="Voluntarism (philosophy)">Theological voluntarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundationalism" title="Foundationalism">Foundationalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_philosophers_and_theologians" title="List of Catholic philosophers and theologians">Philosophers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Abelard" title="Peter Abelard">Abelard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortimer_J._Adler" title="Mortimer J. Adler">Adler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albertus_Magnus" title="Albertus Magnus">Albertus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcuin" title="Alcuin">Alcuin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._E._M._Anscombe" title="G. E. M. Anscombe">Anscombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anselm_of_Canterbury" title="Anselm of Canterbury">Anselm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Bacon" title="Roger Bacon">Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boethius" title="Boethius">Boethius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonaventure" title="Bonaventure">Bonaventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Ren%C3%A9_de_Chateaubriand" title="François-René de Chateaubriand">Chateaubriand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton">Chesterton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Alexandria" title="Clement of Alexandria">Clement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_of_Cusa" title="Nicholas of Cusa">Cusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes" title="René Descartes">Descartes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Dionysius_the_Areopagite" title="Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite">Dionysius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erasmus" title="Erasmus">Erasmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Scotus_Eriugena" title="John Scotus Eriugena">Eriugena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsilio_Ficino" title="Marsilio Ficino">Ficino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Gassendi" title="Pierre Gassendi">Gassendi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isidore_of_Seville" title="Isidore of Seville">Isidore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacy_Krasicki" title="Ignacy Krasicki">Krasicki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramon_Llull" title="Ramon Llull">Llull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Lombard" title="Peter Lombard">Lombard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alasdair_MacIntyre" title="Alasdair MacIntyre">MacIntyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_de_Maistre" title="Joseph de Maistre">Maistre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Malebranche" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas Malebranche">Malebranche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Maritain" title="Jacques Maritain">Maritain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_de_Montaigne" title="Michel de Montaigne">Montaigne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">More</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Newman" title="John Henry Newman">Newman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_of_Ockham" title="William of Ockham">Occam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blaise_Pascal" title="Blaise Pascal">Pascal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Pico_della_Mirandola" title="Giovanni Pico della Mirandola">Pico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Rahner" title="Karl Rahner">Rahner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Ratzinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Scheler" title="Max Scheler">Scheler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duns_Scotus" title="Duns Scotus">Scotus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Stein" title="Edith Stein">Stein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Su%C3%A1rez" title="Francisco Suárez">Suárez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Wojtyła</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Actus_essendi" title="Actus essendi">Actus Essendi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actus_primus" title="Actus primus">Actus primus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actus_purus" title="Actus purus">Actus purus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aevum" title="Aevum">Aevum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustinianism" title="Augustinianism">Augustinian values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_virtues" title="Cardinal virtues">Cardinal virtues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mind%E2%80%93body_dualism" title="Mind–body dualism">Cartesian dualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cogito,_ergo_sum" title="Cogito, ergo sum">Cogito, ergo sum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dehellenization_of_Christianity" title="Dehellenization of Christianity">Dehellenization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Differentia" title="Differentia">Differentia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disputation" title="Disputation">Disputation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_illumination" title="Divine illumination">Divine illumination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_truth" title="Double truth">Double truth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evil_demon" title="Evil demon">Evil demon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formal_distinction" title="Formal distinction">Formal distinction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardian_angel" title="Guardian angel">Guardian angel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haecceity" title="Haecceity">Haecceity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/How_many_angels_can_dance_on_the_head_of_a_pin%3F" title="How many angels can dance on the head of a pin?">Head of a pin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homo_unius_libri" title="Homo unius libri">Homo unius libri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infused_righteousness" title="Infused righteousness">Infused righteousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memento_mori#In_Europe_from_the_Medieval_era_to_the_Victorian_era" title="Memento mori">Memento mori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occam%27s_razor" title="Occam's razor">Occam's razor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontological_argument" title="Ontological argument">Ontological argument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascal%27s_wager" title="Pascal's wager">Pascal's wager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peripatetic_axiom" title="Peripatetic axiom">Peripatetic axiom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principle_of_double_effect" title="Principle of double effect">Principle of double effect</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Quiddity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Ways_(Aquinas)" title="Five Ways (Aquinas)">Quinque viae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ressentiment_(Scheler)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ressentiment (Scheler)">Ressentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rota_Fortunae" title="Rota Fortunae">Rota Fortunae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_deadly_sins" title="Seven deadly sins">Seven deadly sins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratification_of_emotional_life_(Scheler)" title="Stratification of emotional life (Scheler)">Stratification of emotional life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodicy" title="Theodicy">Theodicy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Augustinian_theodicy" title="Augustinian theodicy">Augustinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irenaean_theodicy" title="Irenaean theodicy">Irenaean</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trademark_argument" title="Trademark argument">Trademark argument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Univocity_of_being" title="Univocity of being">Univocity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopia" title="Utopia">Utopia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_theology" title="Catholic theology">Catholic theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platonism" title="Platonism">Platonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristotelianism" title="Aristotelianism">Aristotelianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoplatonism" title="Neoplatonism">Neoplatonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_philosophy" title="Islamic philosophy">Islamic philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_the_Church" title="Doctor of the Church">Doctor of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renaissance_humanism" title="Renaissance humanism">Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rationalism" title="Rationalism">Rationalism</a></li> 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