CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width; initial-scale=1.0;"/><title>Topical Bible: Superfluous</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/topical/s/superfluous.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/newtopical.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/print.css" type="text/css" media="Print" /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-LR4HSKRP2H"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-LR4HSKRP2H'); </script><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/topical/vmenus/2_corinthians/9-1.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="//biblehu.com/bmcde/s/superfluous.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/topical/">Topical</a> > Superfluous</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/topical/s/superfluity.htm" title="Superfluity">◄</a> Superfluous <a href="/topical/s/superintend.htm" title="Superintend">►</a></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse">Jump to: <a href="#isb" title="International Standard Bible Encyclopedia">ISBE</a> • <a href="#web" title="Webster's Dictionary">Webster's</a> • <a href="#cnc" title="Multiversion Concordance">Concordance</a> • <a href="#thes" title="Bible Thesaurus">Thesaurus</a> • <a href="#grk" title="Strong's Greek Concordance">Greek</a> • <a href="#heb" title="Strong's Hebrew Concordance">Hebrew</a> • <a href="#lib" title="Library">Library</a> • <a href="#sub" title="Subtopics">Subtopics</a> • <a href="#rel" title="Related Terms">Terms</a></div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><a name="te" id="te"></a><div class="vheading2">Topical Encyclopedia</div>The term "superfluous" refers to something that is unnecessary or excessive, going beyond what is required or sufficient. In the context of biblical teachings, the concept of superfluity often relates to the spiritual and moral life of believers, emphasizing the importance of focusing on what is essential and avoiding excesses that can lead to distraction or sin.<br><br><b>Biblical References:</b><br><br>1. <b><a href="/james/1-21.htm">James 1:21</a> :</b> "Therefore, get rid of all moral filth and every expression of evil, and humbly receive the word planted in you, which can save your souls." Here, the apostle James encourages believers to rid themselves of moral filth and evil, which can be seen as superfluous to the Christian life. The focus is on receiving the Word of God, which is essential for salvation and spiritual growth.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/ecclesiastes/5-10.htm">Ecclesiastes 5:10</a> :</b> "He who loves money is never satisfied by money, and he who loves wealth is never satisfied by income. This too is futile." The pursuit of wealth and material excess is depicted as superfluous and ultimately unsatisfying. The Preacher in Ecclesiastes warns against the love of money, which can lead to a life focused on superfluous desires rather than on God.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/matthew/6-19.htm">Matthew 6:19-21</a> :</b> "Do not store up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moth and rust destroy, and where thieves break in and steal. But store up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where moth and rust do not destroy, and where thieves do not break in and steal. For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also." Jesus teaches that earthly treasures are superfluous compared to the eternal treasures of heaven. The focus should be on spiritual wealth, which is of lasting value.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/1_timothy/6-6.htm">1 Timothy 6:6-8</a> :</b> "Of course, godliness with contentment is great gain. For we brought nothing into the world, and neither can we carry anything out of it. But if we have food and clothing, we will be content with these." The apostle Paul emphasizes contentment with basic necessities, warning against the superfluous pursuit of material gain. Godliness and contentment are presented as true wealth.<br><br><b>Theological Implications:</b><br><br>The concept of superfluity in the Bible often serves as a caution against the distractions and temptations of worldly excess. Believers are encouraged to focus on what is spiritually necessary and beneficial, cultivating a life of simplicity, contentment, and devotion to God. The avoidance of superfluous pursuits aligns with the call to live a life that reflects the values of the Kingdom of God, prioritizing eternal over temporal concerns.<br><br><b>Practical Application:</b><br><br>In practical terms, Christians are urged to evaluate their lives for areas of superfluity that may hinder their spiritual growth. This includes examining one's lifestyle, possessions, and priorities to ensure they align with biblical teachings. By doing so, believers can foster a deeper relationship with God and live a life that is both purposeful and pleasing to Him.<a name="web" id="web"></a><div class="vheading2">Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary</div>(<I>a.</I>) More than is wanted or is sufficient; unnecessary; excessive; as, a superfluous price.<a name="isb" id="isb"></a><div class="vheading2">International Standard Bible Encyclopedia</div><span class="encheading">SUPERFLUOUS; SUPERFLUITY</span><p>su-pur'-floo-us, su-per-floo'-i-ti (sara`; perissos (<a href="/2_corinthians/9-1.htm">2 Corinthians 9:1</a>), perisseia): According to the Levitical Law, "a blind man, or a lame, or he that hath a fiat nose, or anything superfluous" could not fulfill priestly functions (<a href="/leviticus/21-18.htm">Leviticus 21:18</a>; <a href="/leviticus/22-23.htm">Leviticus 22:23</a>). According to Dillmann (Baentsch, BDB) the word should be rendered "a limb too long," but Ewald (following the Septuagint) suggests "having cropped ears." The only instance of superfluity occurs in <a href="/james/1-21.htm">James 1:21</a>, the King James Version "superfluity of naughtiness"; according to Mayor "overflowing ebullition of malice" (the Revised Version (British and American) "overflowing of wickedness," margin "malice"); but the Greek word is used in other connections, e.g. of "grace" (<a href="/romans/5-17.htm">Romans 5:17</a>); "joy" (<a href="/2_corinthians/8-2.htm">2 Corinthians 8:2</a>).<br><br>T. Lewis<p><a name="grk" id="grk"></a><div class="vheading2">Greek</div><a href="/greek/4053.htm"><span class="l">4053. perissos -- abundant</span></a> <br><b>...</b> 2), even more (2), excessive (1), further (1), greater (3), John (1), more (5),<br> more abundant (2), more extremely (1), much more (2), <b>superfluous</b> (1), utterly <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/4053.htm</font><font color="#ff6600" size="-1"> - 8k</font><p><a href="/greek/4021.htm"><span class="l">4021. periergos -- overly careful, curious, meddling, subst. a <b>...</b></span></a> <br><b>...</b> a busybody, curious, magical Definition: of persons: over-careful; curious, meddling,<br> a busy-body; of things: over-wrought; <b>superfluous</b>; curious, uncanny; subst <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/4021.htm</font><font color="#ff6600" size="-1"> - 7k</font><p><a href="/greek/4052.htm"><span class="l">4052. perisseuo -- to be over and above, to abound</span></a> <br><b>...</b> From perissos; to superabound (in quantity or quality), be in excess, be <b>superfluous</b>;<br> also (transitively) to cause to superabound or excel -- (make, more <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/4052.htm</font><font color="#ff6600" size="-1"> - 9k</font><a name="heb" id="heb"></a><div class="vheading2">Strong's Hebrew</div><a href="/hebrew/8311.htm"><span class="l">8311. sara -- to extend</span></a><br><b>...</b> Word Origin a prim. root Definition to extend NASB Word Usage deformed (1), overgrown<br> (1), stretch (1). stretch out self, have any <b>superfluous</b> thing. <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/hebrew/8311.htm</font><font color="#ff6600" size="-1"> - 6k</font><a name="lib" id="lib"></a><div class="vheading2">Library</div><p><a href="/library/augustine/on_christian_doctrine_in_four_books_/chapter_25_in_human_institutions_which.htm"><span class="l">In Human Institutions which are not Superstitious, There are Some <b>...</b></span></a> <br><b>...</b> Book II. Chapter 25."In Human Institutions Which are Not Superstitious, There are<br> Some Things <b>Superfluous</b> and Some Convenient and Necessary. 38. <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../on christian doctrine in four books /chapter 25 in human institutions which.htm</font><p><a href="/library/pamphilius/the_life_of_constantine/chapter_xviii_these_words_of.htm"><span class="l">These Words of Ours, However, Gracious. Sovereign, May Well Appear <b>...</b></span></a> <br><b>...</b> Chapter XVIII. These words of ours, however, gracious. Sovereign, may<br> well appear <b>superfluous</b> in your ears? 1. These words of <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../pamphilius/the life of constantine/chapter xviii these words of.htm</font><p><a href="/library/various/life_and_works_of_rufinus_with_jeromes_apology_against_rufinus_/19_but_perhaps_you_will.htm"><span class="l">But Perhaps You Will Say to Me: "Why do You Fill Your Paper with <b>...</b></span></a> <br><b>...</b> 19. But perhaps you will say to me: "Why do you fill your paper with this<br> <b>superfluous</b> matter? Does even my friend say that it is <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../19 but perhaps you will.htm</font><p><a href="/library/tertullian/against_hermogenes/chapter_xxi_a_retort_of_heresy.htm"><span class="l">A Retort of Heresy Answered that Scripture Should in So Many Words <b>...</b></span></a> <br><b>...</b> Chapter XXI."A Retort of Heresy Answered That Scripture Should in So Many Words<br> Tell Us that the World Was Made of Nothing is <b>Superfluous</b>. <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../tertullian/against hermogenes/chapter xxi a retort of heresy.htm</font><p><a href="/library/aquinas/nature_and_grace/article_four_whether_it_is.htm"><span class="l">Whether it is Necessary to Believe Such Things as Can be Proved by <b>...</b></span></a> <br><b>...</b> There is nothing <b>superfluous</b> in the works of God"much less than in the<br> works of nature. Now when a thing can already be done in <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/...//christianbookshelf.org/aquinas/nature and grace/article four whether it is.htm</font><p><a href="/library/aquinas/summa_theologica/whether_it_is_necessary_to.htm"><span class="l">Whether it is Necessary to Believe those Things which Can be <b>...</b></span></a> <br><b>...</b> For nothing is <b>superfluous</b> in God's works, much less even than in the works of nature.<br> Now it is <b>superfluous</b> to employ other means, where one already suffices. <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/...//christianbookshelf.org/aquinas/summa theologica/whether it is necessary to.htm</font><p><a href="/library/francis/treatise_on_the_love_of_god/chapter_iv_of_two_degrees.htm"><span class="l">Of Two Degrees of Perfection with which this Commandment May be <b>...</b></span></a> <br><b>...</b> such mixture of other affections that their sacred love being still as it were in<br> its infancy; they love together with our Saviour, many <b>superfluous</b>, vain and <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../francis/treatise on the love of god/chapter iv of two degrees.htm</font><p><a href="/library/lactantius/the_divine_institutes/chap_ii_what_was_the_first.htm"><span class="l">What was the First Cause of Making Images; of the True Likeness of <b>...</b></span></a> <br><b>...</b> for, since they are divine, they see and hear all things, in whatever part of the<br> universe they are,"it follows that images are <b>superfluous</b>, since the gods <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../lactantius/the divine institutes/chap ii what was the first.htm</font><p><a href="/library/augustine/city_of_god/chapter_27_concerning_the_three_kinds.htm"><span class="l">Concerning the Three Kinds of Gods About which the Pontiff <b>...</b></span></a> <br><b>...</b> things have been invented by the poets concerning the gods; the second does not<br> suit states, because it contains some things that are <b>superfluous</b>, and some, too <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../augustine/city of god/chapter 27 concerning the three kinds.htm</font><p><a href="/library/aquinas/summa_theologica/whether_all_the_sacraments_are.htm"><span class="l">Whether all the Sacraments are Necessary for Salvation?</span></a> <br><b>...</b> Objection 1: It seems that all the sacraments are necessary for salvation.<br> For what is not necessary seems to be <b>superfluous</b>. But <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../aquinas/summa theologica/whether all the sacraments are.htm</font><a name="thes" id="thes"></a><div class="vheading2">Thesaurus</div><a href="/topical/s/superfluous.htm"><span class="l"><b>Superfluous</b> (4 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> Noah Webster's Dictionary (a.) More than is wanted or is sufficient; unnecessary;<br> excessive; as, a <b>superfluous</b> price. Int. <b>...</b><b>SUPERFLUOUS</b>; SUPERFLUITY. <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/s/superfluous.htm - 9k</font><p><a href="/topical/s/superfluity.htm"><span class="l">Superfluity (5 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> wealth. 2. (n.) The state or quality of being <b>superfluous</b>; excess. 3 <b>...</b> luxury.<br> Int. Standard Bible Encyclopedia. <b>SUPERFLUOUS</b>; SUPERFLUITY. su <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/s/superfluity.htm - 9k</font><p><a href="/topical/s/superintend.htm"><span class="l">Superintend (4 Occurrences)</span></a><br><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/s/superintend.htm - 8k</font><p><a href="/topical/d/day.htm"><span class="l">Day (17670 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> of sin must have been awakened, if the many otherwise commanded private and<br> congregational sacrifices did not make such an institution <b>superfluous</b>, and if even <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/d/day.htm - 70k</font><p><a href="/topical/k/kings.htm"><span class="l">Kings (350 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> Version and the Revised Version (British and American) read incorrectly, "The First<br> Book of Kings," even the use of the article being <b>superfluous</b>.gs (stadia <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/k/kings.htm - 61k</font><p><a href="/topical/n/net.htm"><span class="l">Net (91 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> 7. (a.) Not including <b>superfluous</b>, incidental, or foreign matter, as boxes, coverings,<br> wraps, etc.; free from charges, deductions, etc; as, net profit; net <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/n/net.htm - 36k</font><p><a href="/topical/o/overflow.htm"><span class="l">Overflow (43 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> 5. (n.) A flowing over, as of water or other fluid; an inundation. 6. (n.) That<br> which flows over; a <b>superfluous</b> portion; a superabundance. <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/o/overflow.htm - 19k</font><p><a href="/topical/o/old.htm"><span class="l">Old (3966 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> Int. Standard Bible Encyclopedia. ADAM IN THE OLD TESTAMENT. (Evolutionary<br> Interpretation): NOTE: It ought to be <b>superfluous</b> to say that the unfolding or <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/o/old.htm - 101k</font><p><a href="/topical/l/lop.htm"><span class="l">Lop (2 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> 2. (vt) To cut off as the top or extreme part of anything; to show/ -- by cutting<br> off the extremities; to cut off, or remove as <b>superfluous</b> parts; as, to lop a <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/l/lop.htm - 7k</font><p><a href="/topical/l/lute.htm"><span class="l">Lute (13 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> 2. (n.) A packing ring, as of rubber, for fruit jars, etc. 3. (n.) A<br> straight-edged piece of wood for striking off <b>superfluous</b> clay from mold. <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/l/lute.htm - 11k</font><p><a name="res" id="res"></a><div class="vheading2">Resources</div><a href="https://www.gotquestions.org/did-God-create-universe.html">Did God create the universe? | GotQuestions.org</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.gotquestions.org/abundant-life.html">What did Jesus mean when He promised an abundant life? | GotQuestions.org</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.gotquestions.org/vestigial-organs.html">How does creationism explain vestigial organs? | GotQuestions.org</a><br /><br /><a href="https://clyx.com/term/superfluous.htm">Superfluous: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com</a><br /><br /><a href="/concordance/">Bible Concordance</a> • <a href="/dictionary/">Bible Dictionary</a> • <a href="/encyclopedia/">Bible Encyclopedia</a> • <a href="/topical/">Topical Bible</a> • <a href="/thesaurus/">Bible Thesuarus</a></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="cnc" id="cnc"></a><div class="vheading2">Concordance</div><span class="encheading">Superfluous (4 Occurrences)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/2_corinthians/9-1.htm">2 Corinthians 9:1</a></span><br />For as touching the ministering to the saints, it is <span class="boldtext">superfluous</span> for me to write to you:<br /><span class="source">(KJV ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/exodus/26-12.htm">Exodus 26:12</a></span><br />And the superfluity in the curtains of the tent -- the half of the curtain which is <span class="boldtext">superfluous</span> -- hath spread over the hinder part of the tabernacle; <br /><span class="source">(YLT)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/leviticus/21-18.htm">Leviticus 21:18</a></span><br />For whatsoever man he be that hath a blemish, he shall not approach: a blind man, or a lame, or he that hath a flat nose, or any thing <span class="boldtext">superfluous</span>,<br /><span class="source">(KJV ASV WBS)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/leviticus/22-23.htm">Leviticus 22:23</a></span><br />Either a bullock or a lamb that hath any thing <span class="boldtext">superfluous</span> or lacking in his parts, that mayest thou offer for a freewill offering; but for a vow it shall not be accepted.<br /><span class="source">(KJV ASV WBS)</span><a name="sub" id="sub"></a><div class="vheading2">Subtopics</div><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/s/superfluous.htm">Superfluous</a></p><a name="rel" id="rel"></a><div class="vheading2">Related Terms</div><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/s/superfluous.htm">Superfluous (4 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/q/quartermaster.htm">Quartermaster (1 Occurrence)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/n/nicanor.htm">Nicanor (1 Occurrence)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/o/oversee.htm">Oversee (7 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/j/jehoiachin.htm">Jehoiachin (20 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/g/guide.htm">Guide (89 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/i/intend.htm">Intend (30 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/i/inspect.htm">Inspect (22 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/f/forward.htm">Forward (252 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/f/forwardness.htm">Forwardness (2 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/p/prochorus.htm">Prochorus (1 Occurrence)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/p/parmenas.htm">Parmenas (1 Occurrence)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/b/barnabas.htm">Barnabas (33 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/b/bezalel.htm">Bezalel (10 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/c/collector.htm">Collector (8 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/a/architect.htm">Architect (2 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/a/administer.htm">Administer (10 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/a/ahihud.htm">Ahihud (2 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/s/surveyor.htm">Surveyor (1 Occurrence)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/s/superintendent.htm">Superintendent (1 Occurrence)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/s/stone-masons.htm">Stone-masons (3 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/s/steward.htm">Steward (23 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/s/supervise.htm">Supervise (8 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/s/secretary.htm">Secretary (34 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/b/banquet.htm">Banquet (58 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/b/bishop.htm">Bishop (4 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/e/english.htm">English</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/t/temple.htm">Temple (614 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/v/versions.htm">Versions</a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/topical/s/superfluity.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Superfluity"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Superfluity" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/topical/s/superintend.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Superintend"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Superintend" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div> <div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"><script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script></div></td></tr></table></div></div></div> <br /><br /> <div align="center"> <div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>