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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Exodus 31:15 For six days work may be done, but the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest, holy to the LORD. Whoever does any work on the Sabbath day must surely be put to death.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/exodus/31-15.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/7/02_Exo_31_15.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Exodus 31:15 - The Sign of the Sabbath" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="For six days work may be done, but the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest, holy to the LORD. 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Whoever does any work on the Sabbath day is to be put to death. <a href="/nlt/exodus/31.htm">New Living Translation</a> You have six days each week for your ordinary work, but the seventh day must be a Sabbath day of complete rest, a holy day dedicated to the LORD. Anyone who works on the Sabbath must be put to death. <a href="/esv/exodus/31.htm">English Standard Version</a> Six days shall work be done, but the seventh day is a Sabbath of solemn rest, holy to the LORD. Whoever does any work on the Sabbath day shall be put to death. <a href="/bsb/exodus/31.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> For six days work may be done, but the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest, holy to the LORD. Whoever does any work on the Sabbath day must surely be put to death. <a href="/kjv/exodus/31.htm">King James Bible</a> Six days may work be done; but in the seventh is the sabbath of rest, holy to the LORD: whosoever doeth any work in the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death. <a href="/nkjv/exodus/31.htm">New King James Version</a> Work shall be done for six days, but the seventh is the Sabbath of rest, holy to the LORD. Whoever does any work on the Sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death. <a href="/nasb_/exodus/31.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> For six days work may be done, but on the seventh day there is a Sabbath of complete rest, holy to the LORD; whoever does any work on the Sabbath day must be put to death. <a href="/nasb/exodus/31.htm">NASB 1995</a> &#8216For six days work may be done, but on the seventh day there is a sabbath of complete rest, holy to the LORD; whoever does any work on the sabbath day shall surely be put to death. <a href="/nasb77/exodus/31.htm">NASB 1977 </a> ‘For six days work may be done, but on the seventh day there is a sabbath of complete rest, holy to the LORD; whoever does any work on the sabbath day shall surely be put to death. <a href="/lsb/exodus/31.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> Six days work may be done, but on the seventh day there is a sabbath of complete rest, holy to Yahweh; whoever does any work on the sabbath day shall surely be put to death. <a href="/amp/exodus/31.htm">Amplified Bible</a> For six days work may be done, but the seventh is the Sabbath of complete rest, sacred to the LORD; whoever does work on the Sabbath day must be put to death. <a href="/csb/exodus/31.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> Work may be done for six days, but on the seventh day there must be a Sabbath of complete rest, holy to the LORD. Anyone who does work on the Sabbath day must be put to death. <a href="/hcsb/exodus/31.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> Work may be done for six days, but on the seventh day there must be a Sabbath of complete rest, dedicated to the LORD. Anyone who does work on the Sabbath day must be put to death. <a href="/asv/exodus/31.htm">American Standard Version</a> Six days shall work be done, but on the seventh day is a sabbath of solemn rest, holy to Jehovah: whosoever doeth any work on the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death. <a href="/erv/exodus/31.htm">English Revised Version</a> Six days shall work be done; but on the seventh day is a sabbath of solemn rest, holy to the LORD: whosoever doeth any work in the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death. <a href="/gwt/exodus/31.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> You may work for six days, but the seventh day is a day of worship, a day when you don't work. It is holy to the LORD. Whoever works on that day must be put to death. <a href="/gnt/exodus/31.htm">Good News Translation</a> You have six days in which to do your work, but the seventh day is a solemn day of rest dedicated to me. Whoever does any work on that day is to be put to death. <a href="/isv/exodus/31.htm">International Standard Version</a> Work may be done for six days, but the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest, holy to the LORD. Whoever does work on the Sabbath is certainly to die. <a href="/msb/exodus/31.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> For six days work may be done, but the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest, holy to the LORD. Whoever does any work on the Sabbath day must surely be put to death. <a href="/net/exodus/31.htm">NET Bible</a> Six days work may be done, but on the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest, holy to the LORD; anyone who does work on the Sabbath day must surely be put to death. <a href="/nheb/exodus/31.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> Six days shall work be done, but on the seventh day is a Sabbath of solemn rest, holy to the LORD. Whoever does any work on the Sabbath day shall surely be put to death. <a href="/wbt/exodus/31.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> Six days may work be done, but in the seventh is the sabbath of rest, holy to the LORD: whoever doeth any work in the sabbath-day, he shall surely be put to death. <a href="/web/exodus/31.htm">World English Bible</a> Six days shall work be done, but on the seventh day is a Sabbath of solemn rest, holy to Yahweh. Whoever does any work on the Sabbath day shall surely be put to death. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/exodus/31.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> [For] six days work is done, and in the seventh day [is] a Sabbath of holy rest to YHWH; any who does work in the Sabbath day is certainly put to death, <a href="/ylt/exodus/31.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> Six days is work done, and in the seventh day is a sabbath of holy rest to Jehovah; any who doeth work in the sabbath-day is certainly put to death, <a href="/slt/exodus/31.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> Six days shall work be done, and the seventh day the Sabbath, a holy rest to Jehovah: all doing work in the day of the Sabbath, dying, shall die.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/exodus/31.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> Six days shall you do work: in the seventh day is the sabbath, the rest holy to the Lord. Every one that shall do any work on this day, shall die. <a href="/cpdv/exodus/31.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> For six days you shall do work. On the seventh day, it is the Sabbath, a rest sanctified by the Lord. All who will have done work on this day shall die. <a href="/nabre/exodus/31.htm">New American Bible</a> Six days there are for doing work, but the seventh day is the sabbath of complete rest, holy to the LORD. Anyone who does work on the sabbath day shall be put to death. <a href="/nrsvce/exodus/31.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> Six days shall work be done, but the seventh day is a sabbath of solemn rest, holy to the LORD; whoever does any work on the sabbath day shall be put to death.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/exodus/31.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> Six days you shall do work; but the seventh day is the sabbath of rest, holy to the LORD; whosoever does any work on the sabbath day shall surely be put to death. <a href="/hpbt/exodus/31.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> Keep the Sabbath because that is Holiness to you; everyone who weakens it shall surely be killed, and everyone who will do work in it, that man shall be destroyed from his people.<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/exodus/31.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> Six days shall work be done; but on the seventh day is a sabbath of solemn rest, holy to the LORD; whosoever doeth any work in the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death. <a href="/sep/exodus/31.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> Six days thou shalt do works, but the seventh day is the sabbath, a holy rest to the Lord; every one who shall do a work on the seventh day shall be put to death. <a href="/parallel/exodus/31-15.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kVae3PiKqhs?start=8160" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/exodus/31.htm">The Sign of the Sabbath</a> …14Keep the Sabbath, for it is holy to you. Anyone who profanes it must surely be put to death. Whoever does any work on that day must be cut off from among his people. 15<a href="/hebrew/8337.htm" title="8337: šê·šeṯ (Number-msc) -- Masculine shishshah; a primitive number; six (see suws) beyond five or the fingers of the hand); as ord. Sixth.">For six</a> <a href="/hebrew/3117.htm" title="3117: yā·mîm (N-mp) -- Day. From an unused root meaning to be hot; a day, whether literal, or figurative.">days</a> <a href="/hebrew/4399.htm" title="4399: mə·lā·ḵāh (N-fs) -- From the same as mal'ak; properly, deputyship, i.e. Ministry; generally, employment or work; also property.">work</a> <a href="/hebrew/6213.htm" title="6213: yê·‘ā·śeh (V-Nifal-Imperf-3ms) -- To do, make. A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application.">may be done,</a> <a href="/hebrew/7637.htm" title="7637: haš·šə·ḇî·‘î (Art:: Number-oms) -- Seventh (an ord. number). Or shbi iy; ordinal from shib'iym. seventh.">but the seventh</a> <a href="/hebrew/3117.htm" title="3117: ū·ḇay·yō·wm (Conj-w, Prep-b, Art:: N-ms) -- Day. From an unused root meaning to be hot; a day, whether literal, or figurative.">day</a> <a href="/hebrew/7676.htm" title="7676: šab·baṯ (N-csc) -- Sabbath. Intensive from shabath; intermission, i.e the Sabbath.">is a Sabbath</a> <a href="/hebrew/7677.htm" title="7677: šab·bā·ṯō·wn (N-ms) -- Sabbath observance, sabbatism. From shabbath; a sabbatism or special holiday.">of complete rest,</a> <a href="/hebrew/6944.htm" title="6944: qō·ḏeš (N-ms) -- Apartness, sacredness. From qadash; a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity.">holy</a> <a href="/hebrew/3068.htm" title="3068: Yah·weh (Prep-l:: N-proper-ms) -- The proper name of the God of Israel. From hayah; self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God.">to the LORD.</a> <a href="/hebrew/3605.htm" title="3605: kāl- (N-msc) -- The whole, all. Or kowl; from kalal; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every.">Whoever</a> <a href="/hebrew/6213.htm" title="6213: hā·‘ō·śeh (Art:: V-Qal-Prtcpl-ms) -- To do, make. A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application.">does</a> <a href="/hebrew/4399.htm" title="4399: mə·lā·ḵāh (N-fs) -- From the same as mal'ak; properly, deputyship, i.e. Ministry; generally, employment or work; also property.">any work</a> <a href="/hebrew/7676.htm" title="7676: haš·šab·bāṯ (Art:: N-cs) -- Sabbath. Intensive from shabath; intermission, i.e the Sabbath.">on the Sabbath</a> <a href="/hebrew/3117.htm" title="3117: bə·yō·wm (Prep-b:: N-msc) -- Day. From an unused root meaning to be hot; a day, whether literal, or figurative.">day</a> <a href="/hebrew/4191.htm" title="4191: mō·wṯ (V-Qal-InfAbs) -- To die. A primitive root: to die; causatively, to kill.">must surely</a> <a href="/hebrew/4191.htm" title="4191: yū·māṯ (V-Hofal-Imperf-3ms) -- To die. A primitive root: to die; causatively, to kill.">be put to death.</a> 16The Israelites must keep the Sabbath, celebrating it as a permanent covenant for the generations to come.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/genesis/2-2.htm">Genesis 2:2-3</a> And by the seventh day God had finished the work He had been doing; so on that day He rested from all His work. / Then God blessed the seventh day and sanctified it, because on that day He rested from all the work of creation that He had accomplished. <a href="/exodus/20-8.htm">Exodus 20:8-11</a> Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy. / Six days you shall labor and do all your work, / but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the LORD your God, on which you must not do any work—neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your manservant or maidservant or livestock, nor the foreigner within your gates. ... <a href="/leviticus/23-3.htm">Leviticus 23:3</a> For six days work may be done, but the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest, a day of sacred assembly. You must not do any work; wherever you live, it is a Sabbath to the LORD. <a href="/deuteronomy/5-12.htm">Deuteronomy 5:12-15</a> Observe the Sabbath day by keeping it holy, as the LORD your God has commanded you. / Six days you shall labor and do all your work, / but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the LORD your God, on which you must not do any work—neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your manservant or maidservant, nor your ox or donkey or any of your livestock, nor the foreigner within your gates, so that your manservant and maidservant may rest as you do. ... <a href="/isaiah/58-13.htm">Isaiah 58:13-14</a> If you turn your foot from breaking the Sabbath, from doing as you please on My holy day, if you call the Sabbath a delight, and the LORD’s holy day honorable, if you honor it by not going your own way or seeking your own pleasure or speaking idle words, / then you will delight yourself in the LORD, and I will make you ride on the heights of the land and feed you with the heritage of your father Jacob.” For the mouth of the LORD has spoken. <a href="/ezekiel/20-12.htm">Ezekiel 20:12</a> I also gave them My Sabbaths as a sign between us, so that they would know that I am the LORD who sanctifies them. <a href="/ezekiel/20-20.htm">Ezekiel 20:20</a> Keep My Sabbaths holy, that they may be a sign between us, so that you may know that I am the LORD your God.’ <a href="/nehemiah/13-15.htm">Nehemiah 13:15-22</a> In those days I saw people in Judah treading winepresses on the Sabbath and bringing in grain and loading it on donkeys, along with wine, grapes, and figs. All kinds of goods were being brought into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day. So I warned them against selling food on that day. / Additionally, men of Tyre who lived there were importing fish and all kinds of merchandise and selling them on the Sabbath to the people of Judah in Jerusalem. / Then I rebuked the nobles of Judah and asked, “What is this evil you are doing—profaning the Sabbath day? ... <a href="/jeremiah/17-21.htm">Jeremiah 17:21-27</a> This is what the LORD says: Take heed for yourselves; do not carry a load or bring it through the gates of Jerusalem on the Sabbath day. / You must not carry a load out of your houses or do any work on the Sabbath day, but you must keep the Sabbath day holy, just as I commanded your forefathers. / Yet they would not listen or incline their ear, but they stiffened their necks and would not listen or receive My discipline. ... <a href="/numbers/15-32.htm">Numbers 15:32-36</a> While the Israelites were in the wilderness, a man was found gathering wood on the Sabbath day. / Those who found the man gathering wood brought him to Moses, Aaron, and the whole congregation, / and because it had not been declared what should be done to him, they placed him in custody. ... <a href="/matthew/12-8.htm">Matthew 12:8</a> For the Son of Man is Lord of the Sabbath.” <a href="/mark/2-27.htm">Mark 2:27-28</a> Then Jesus declared, “The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath. / Therefore, the Son of Man is Lord even of the Sabbath.” <a href="/luke/6-5.htm">Luke 6:5</a> Then Jesus declared, “The Son of Man is Lord of the Sabbath.” <a href="/hebrews/4-9.htm">Hebrews 4:9-10</a> There remains, then, a Sabbath rest for the people of God. / For whoever enters God’s rest also rests from his own work, just as God did from His. <a href="/colossians/2-16.htm">Colossians 2:16-17</a> Therefore let no one judge you by what you eat or drink, or with regard to a feast, a New Moon, or a Sabbath. / These are a shadow of the things to come, but the body that casts it belongs to Christ.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>Six days may work be done; but in the seventh is the sabbath of rest, holy to the LORD: whoever does any work in the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death.six days<a href="/exodus/31-17.htm">Exodus 31:17</a> It is a sign between me and the children of Israel for ever: for in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, and on the seventh day he rested, and was refreshed.<a href="/exodus/16-26.htm">Exodus 16:26</a> Six days ye shall gather it; but on the seventh day, which is the sabbath, in it there shall be none.<a href="/exodus/20-9.htm">Exodus 20:9</a> Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work:the sabbath<a href="/exodus/16-23.htm">Exodus 16:23</a> And he said unto them, This is that which the LORD hath said, To morrow is the rest of the holy sabbath unto the LORD: bake that which ye will bake to day, and seethe that ye will seethe; and that which remaineth over lay up for you to be kept until the morning.<a href="/exodus/20-10.htm">Exodus 20:10</a> But the seventh day is the sabbath of the LORD thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates:<a href="/genesis/2-2.htm">Genesis 2:2</a> And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.holy.<a href="/numbers/15-32.htm">Numbers 15:32-36</a> And while the children of Israel were in the wilderness, they found a man that gathered sticks upon the sabbath day… <a href="/jeremiah/17-24.htm">Jeremiah 17:24-27</a> And it shall come to pass, if ye diligently hearken unto me, saith the LORD, to bring in no burden through the gates of this city on the sabbath day, but hallow the sabbath day, to do no work therein; … <div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/exodus/26-24.htm">Complete</a> <a href="/exodus/31-14.htm">Death</a> <a href="/exodus/31-14.htm">Holy</a> <a href="/exodus/29-12.htm">Rest</a> <a href="/exodus/31-14.htm">Sabbath</a> <a href="/exodus/20-11.htm">Sabbath-Day</a> <a href="/exodus/24-16.htm">Seventh</a> <a href="/exodus/28-10.htm">Six</a> <a href="/exodus/16-23.htm">Solemn</a> <a href="/exodus/31-14.htm">Surely</a> <a href="/exodus/31-14.htm">Work</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/exodus/35-2.htm">Complete</a> <a href="/exodus/32-28.htm">Death</a> <a href="/exodus/31-16.htm">Holy</a> <a href="/exodus/31-17.htm">Rest</a> <a href="/exodus/31-16.htm">Sabbath</a> <a href="/exodus/35-3.htm">Sabbath-Day</a> <a href="/exodus/31-17.htm">Seventh</a> <a href="/exodus/31-17.htm">Six</a> <a href="/exodus/35-2.htm">Solemn</a> <a href="/exodus/40-15.htm">Surely</a> <a href="/exodus/31-17.htm">Work</a><div class="vheading2">Exodus 31</div>1. <a href="/exodus/31-1.htm">Bezaleel and Aholiah are appointed for the work of the tabernacle</a> 12. <a href="/exodus/31-12.htm">The observation of the Sabbath is again commanded</a> 18. <a href="/exodus/31-18.htm">Moses receives the two tablets</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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It underscores the value of labor and productivity, which are seen as part of God's design for humanity. The six-day workweek was a common practice in ancient Near Eastern cultures, but the Israelites' observance was distinct in its divine mandate.but the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest The Sabbath, or Shabbat, is a day of rest instituted by God, rooted in the creation narrative (<a href="/genesis/2-2.htm">Genesis 2:2-3</a>). It serves as a sign of the covenant between God and Israel (<a href="/exodus/31-16.htm">Exodus 31:16-17</a>). The term "complete rest" emphasizes cessation from all forms of labor, highlighting the importance of spiritual renewal and trust in God's provision. This rest is not merely physical but also spiritual, pointing to a future rest in Christ (<a href="/hebrews/4-9.htm">Hebrews 4:9-10</a>).holy to the LORD The Sabbath is set apart as sacred, dedicated to God. This holiness signifies a separation from the ordinary and a focus on the divine. It is a time for worship, reflection, and community, reinforcing the Israelites' identity as God's chosen people. The concept of holiness is central to the Levitical laws and is fulfilled in Christ, who sanctifies believers (<a href="/1_peter/1-15.htm">1 Peter 1:15-16</a>).Whoever does any work on the Sabbath day must surely be put to death This severe penalty underscores the seriousness of the Sabbath commandment. It reflects the covenantal relationship between God and Israel, where obedience leads to blessing and disobedience to judgment. The death penalty highlights the holiness of God and the need for reverence. In the New Testament, Jesus reinterprets the Sabbath, emphasizing mercy and the spirit of the law over legalism (<a href="/mark/2-27.htm">Mark 2:27-28</a>).<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/m/moses.htm">Moses</a> The leader of the Israelites, through whom God delivered the law, including the commandment about the Sabbath. 2. <a href="/topical/t/the_israelites.htm">The Israelites</a> The chosen people of God, who were given the law to follow as part of their covenant with Him. 3. <a href="/topical/m/mount_sinai.htm">Mount Sinai</a> The place where God gave Moses the Ten Commandments and other laws, including the Sabbath commandment. 4. <a href="/topical/t/the_sabbath.htm">The Sabbath</a> A day of rest instituted by God, signifying His creation rest and a covenant sign between Him and Israel. 5. <a href="/topical/t/the_lord.htm">The LORD (Yahweh)</a> The covenant God of Israel, who established the Sabbath as a holy day.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/t/the_principle_of_rest.htm">The Principle of Rest</a> God designed the Sabbath as a day of rest, reflecting His own rest after creation. This principle encourages us to prioritize rest and renewal in our lives. <a href="/topical/h/holiness_and_dedication.htm">Holiness and Dedication</a> The Sabbath is described as "holy to the LORD," reminding us to dedicate time specifically for worship and reflection on God's goodness. <a href="/topical/o/obedience_and_consequences.htm">Obedience and Consequences</a> The severe consequence for breaking the Sabbath law in the Old Testament underscores the seriousness of obedience to God's commands. <a href="/topical/s/sabbath_as_a_covenant_sign.htm">Sabbath as a Covenant Sign</a> The Sabbath serves as a sign of the covenant between God and Israel, pointing to the importance of setting apart time to remember and honor our relationship with God. <a href="/topical/c/christ_as_our_sabbath_rest.htm">Christ as Our Sabbath Rest</a> In the New Testament, Jesus fulfills the Sabbath, offering us spiritual rest. We are invited to find our ultimate rest in Him, beyond the physical observance.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_exodus_31.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Exodus 31</a> <a href="/q/why_death_for_sabbath-breaking,_not_mercy.htm">Exodus 31:15 – Why does a just and loving God mandate the death penalty for Sabbath-breaking, and how is that reconciled with later biblical teachings on mercy? </a> <a href="/q/why_does_god_order_execution_for_minor_sins.htm">Why does God order the execution of people for minor offenses, such as picking up sticks on the Sabbath (Numbers 15:32-36)?</a> <a href="/q/why_execute_sabbath_workers_if_god_is_merciful.htm">If God is merciful, why does He command the execution of people who work on the Sabbath (Exodus 31:14)?</a> <a href="/q/why_is_sabbath-breaking_punished_severely.htm">Why does Exodus 20:8-11 mandate strict Sabbath observance, yet elsewhere in Scripture (e.g., Numbers 15:32-36) the penalty for Sabbath-breaking appears more severe?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/exodus/31.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(15) Six days.--Comp. <a href="/exodus/20-9.htm" title="Six days shall you labor, and do all your work:">Exodus 20:9</a>.The sabbath of rest.--Rather, a sabbath of rest, or a complete rest. The repetition (sabbath sabbathon) gives an idea of completeness.<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/exodus/31.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 15. - The sabbath of rest. Rather, "a sabbath." There were other sabbaths besides that of the seventh day (<a href="/exodus/23-11.htm">Exodus 23:11</a>; <a href="/leviticus/25-2.htm">Leviticus 25:2-12</a>; etc.). By the expression, "a sabbath of rest" - literally, "a rest of resting" - the idea of completeness is given. Perhaps the best translation would be - "in the seventh is complete rest." <a href="/commentaries/exodus/31-15.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>For six שֵׁ֣שֶׁת (šê·šeṯ) Number - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_8337.htm">Strong's 8337: </a> Six (a cardinal number) days יָמִים֮ (yā·mîm) Noun - masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3117.htm">Strong's 3117: </a> A day work מְלָאכָה֒ (mə·lā·ḵāh) Noun - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4399.htm">Strong's 4399: </a> Deputyship, ministry, employment, work, property may be done, יֵעָשֶׂ֣ה (yê·‘ā·śeh) Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6213.htm">Strong's 6213: </a> To do, make but the seventh הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י (haš·šə·ḇî·‘î) Article | Number - ordinal masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7637.htm">Strong's 7637: </a> Seventh (an ordinal number) day וּבַיּ֣וֹם (ū·ḇay·yō·wm) Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3117.htm">Strong's 3117: </a> A day must be a Sabbath שַׁבַּ֧ת (šab·baṯ) Noun - common singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7676.htm">Strong's 7676: </a> Intermission, the Sabbath of solemn rest, שַׁבָּת֛וֹן (šab·bā·ṯō·wn) Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7677.htm">Strong's 7677: </a> Sabbath observance, sabbatism holy קֹ֖דֶשׁ (qō·ḏeš) Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6944.htm">Strong's 6944: </a> A sacred place, thing, sanctity to the LORD. לַיהוָ֑ה (Yah·weh) Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3068.htm">Strong's 3068: </a> LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel Whoever כָּל־ (kāl-) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3605.htm">Strong's 3605: </a> The whole, all, any, every does הָעֹשֶׂ֧ה (hā·‘ō·śeh) Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6213.htm">Strong's 6213: </a> To do, make [any] work מְלָאכָ֛ה (mə·lā·ḵāh) Noun - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4399.htm">Strong's 4399: </a> Deputyship, ministry, employment, work, property on the Sabbath הַשַּׁבָּ֖ת (haš·šab·bāṯ) Article | Noun - common singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7676.htm">Strong's 7676: </a> Intermission, the Sabbath day בְּי֥וֹם (bə·yō·wm) Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3117.htm">Strong's 3117: </a> A day must surely מ֥וֹת (mō·wṯ) Verb - Qal - Infinitive absolute <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4191.htm">Strong's 4191: </a> To die, to kill be put to death. יוּמָֽת׃ (yū·māṯ) Verb - Hofal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4191.htm">Strong's 4191: </a> To die, to kill <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/exodus/31-15.htm">Exodus 31:15 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/exodus/31-15.htm">Exodus 31:15 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/exodus/31-15.htm">Exodus 31:15 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/exodus/31-15.htm">Exodus 31:15 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/exodus/31-15.htm">Exodus 31:15 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/exodus/31-15.htm">Exodus 31:15 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/exodus/31-15.htm">Exodus 31:15 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/exodus/31-15.htm">Exodus 31:15 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/exodus/31-15.htm">Exodus 31:15 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/exodus/31-15.htm">Exodus 31:15 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/exodus/31-15.htm">OT Law: Exodus 31:15 Six days shall work be done (Exo. Ex) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/exodus/31-14.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Exodus 31:14"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Exodus 31:14" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/exodus/31-16.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Exodus 31:16"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Exodus 31:16" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>