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Amerikan İşaret Dili - Vikipedi

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accesskey="y"><span>Katkılar</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:MesajSayfam" title="Bu IP adresindeki düzenlemeler hakkında tartışma [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Mesaj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="İçindekiler" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">İçindekiler</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Giriş</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Kaynakça" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaynakça"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Kaynakça</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaynakça-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="İçindekiler" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Amerikan İşaret Dili</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Başka bir dildeki sayfaya gidin. 59 dilde mevcut" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-59" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">59 dil</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="لغة الإشارة الأمريكية - Arapça" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لغة الإشارة الأمريكية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llingua_de_signos_americana" title="Llingua de signos americana - Asturyasça" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Llingua de signos americana" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturyasça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="آمریکا ایشاره دیلی - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آمریکا ایشاره دیلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B6%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Амэрыканская жэставая мова - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Амэрыканская жэставая мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yezh_ar_Sino%C3%B9_Amerikanek" title="Yezh ar Sinoù Amerikanek - Bretonca" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Yezh ar Sinoù Amerikanek" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llengua_de_signes_estatunidenca" title="Llengua de signes estatunidenca - Katalanca" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llengua de signes estatunidenca" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_di_i_cenni_americana" title="Lingua di i cenni americana - Korsikaca" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Lingua di i cenni americana" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsikaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Амслен - Çuvaşça" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Амслен" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Çuvaşça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iaith_Arwyddion_America" title="Iaith Arwyddion America - Galce" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Iaith Arwyddion America" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Galce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASL" title="ASL - Danca" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="ASL" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language - Almanca" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="American Sign Language" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%BF%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1_%CE%97%CE%A0%CE%91" title="Νοηματική γλώσσα ΗΠΑ - Yunanca" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νοηματική γλώσσα ΗΠΑ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A8ngva_di_s%C3%A8gn_americ%C3%A0na" title="Lèngva di sègn americàna - Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Lèngva di sègn americàna" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="kaliteli madde"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language - İngilizce" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="American Sign Language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="İngilizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usona_signolingvo" title="Usona signolingvo - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Usona signolingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_de_signos_estadounidense" title="Lengua de signos estadounidense - İspanyolca" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lengua de signos estadounidense" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="İspanyolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikar_keinu_hizkuntza" title="Amerikar keinu hizkuntza - Baskça" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Amerikar keinu hizkuntza" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="زبان اشاره آمریکایی - Farsça" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان اشاره آمریکایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Farsça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikkalainen_viittomakieli" title="Amerikkalainen viittomakieli - Fince" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Amerikkalainen viittomakieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langue_des_signes_am%C3%A9ricaine" title="Langue des signes américaine - Fransızca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Langue des signes américaine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Fransızca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenghe_dai_signse_americane" title="Lenghe dai signse americane - Friuli dili" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Lenghe dai signse americane" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuli dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_de_sinais_americana" title="Lingua de sinais americana - Galiçyaca" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua de sinais americana" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galiçyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87hengey_Chowree_Americaanagh" title="Çhengey Chowree Americaanagh - Man dili" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Çhengey Chowree Americaanagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Man dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%99%D7%AA" title="שפת הסימנים האמריקאית - İbranice" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שפת הסימנים האמריקאית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="İbranice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language - Fiji Hintçesi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="American Sign Language" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hintçesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameri%C4%8Dki_znakovni_jezik" title="Američki znakovni jezik - Hırvatça" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Američki znakovni jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hırvatça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B4%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AA%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%B8%D6%82" title="Ամերիկյան ժեստերի լեզու - Ermenice" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ամերիկյան ժեստերի լեզու" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Ermenice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Isyarat_Amerika" title="Bahasa Isyarat Amerika - Endonezce" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Isyarat Amerika" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Endonezce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_dei_segni_americana" title="Lingua dei segni americana - İtalyanca" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua dei segni americana" data-language-autonym="İtaliano" data-language-local-name="İtalyanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İtaliano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E6%89%8B%E8%A9%B1" title="アメリカ手話 - Japonca" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アメリカ手話" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EC%88%98%ED%99%94" title="미국 수화 - Korece" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미국 수화" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_gesticulatoria_Americana" title="Lingua gesticulatoria Americana - Latince" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua gesticulatoria Americana" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_di_Segni_American-a" title="Lengua di Segni American-a - Ligurca" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Lengua di Segni American-a" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A8ngua_dei_s%C3%A8gn_americ%C3%A0na" title="Lèngua dei sègn americàna - Lombardça" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Lèngua dei sègn americàna" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerik%C4%81%C5%86u_z%C4%ABmju_valoda" title="Amerikāņu zīmju valoda - Letonca" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Amerikāņu zīmju valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abjad_tangan_Amerika_Syarikat" title="Abjad tangan Amerika Syarikat - Malayca" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Abjad tangan Amerika Syarikat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingwa_tas-Sinjali_Amerikana" title="Lingwa tas-Sinjali Amerikana - Maltaca" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Lingwa tas-Sinjali Amerikana" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguaggio_d%22e_signe_mmerecano" title="Lenguaggio d&quot;e signe mmerecano - Napolice" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Lenguaggio d&quot;e signe mmerecano" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Napolice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikaanse_Gebarentaal" title="Amerikaanse Gebarentaal - Felemenkçe" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Amerikaanse Gebarentaal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Felemenkçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikansk_tegnspr%C3%A5k" title="Amerikansk tegnspråk - Norveççe Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Amerikansk tegnspråk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveççe Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_dij_segn_american-a" title="Lenga dij segn american-a - Piyemontece" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga dij segn american-a" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piyemontece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_de_sinais_americana" title="Língua de sinais americana - Portekizce" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua de sinais americana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portekizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_da_segns_americana" title="Lingua da segns americana - Romanşça" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Lingua da segns americana" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romanşça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenghe_de_le_signe_americhene" title="Lenghe de le signe americhene - Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Lenghe de le signe americhene" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Амслен - Rusça" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Амслен" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_de_sos_sinnos_americana" title="Limba de sos sinnos americana - Sardunya dili" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Limba de sos sinnos americana" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardunya dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_d%C3%AE_Signa_Miricana" title="Lingua dî Signa Miricana - Sicilyaca" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Lingua dî Signa Miricana" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Sign_Leid" title="American Sign Leid - İskoçça" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="American Sign Leid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="İskoçça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%DA%AA%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D9%BB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="آمريڪي علامتي ٻولي - Sindhi dili" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="آمريڪي علامتي ٻولي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="American Sign Language" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikanskt_teckenspr%C3%A5k" title="Amerikanskt teckenspråk - İsveççe" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Amerikanskt teckenspråk" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="İsveççe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Американська жестова мова - Ukraynaca" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Американська жестова мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraynaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="امریکی اشاراتی زبان - Urduca" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="امریکی اشاراتی زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urduca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81%C3%A9ngoa_dei_s%C3%A9gni_m%C3%A8ricana" title="Łéngoa dei ségni mèricana - Venedikçe" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Łéngoa dei ségni mèricana" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venedikçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C3%B4n_ng%E1%BB%AF_k%C3%BD_hi%E1%BB%87u_M%E1%BB%B9" title="Ngôn ngữ ký hiệu Mỹ - Vietnamca" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ngôn ngữ ký hiệu Mỹ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linggwahe_hin_Sinyales_Amerikana" title="Linggwahe hin Sinyales Amerikana - Varay" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Linggwahe hin Sinyales Amerikana" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Varay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%89%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="美国手语 - Wu Çincesi" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="美国手语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E6%89%8B%E8%AA%9E" title="美國手語 - Çince" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="美國手語" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Çince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E6%89%8B%E8%AA%9E" title="美國手語 - Kantonca" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="美國手語" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14759#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Dillerarası bağlantıları değiştir" class="wbc-editpage">Bağlantıları değiştir</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ad alanları"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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<div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Görünüm</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">gizle</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipedi, özgür ansiklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28603389">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: black; background-color: silver;">Amerikan İşaret Dili</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ana dili olanlar</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Birle%C5%9Fik_Devletleri" title="Amerika Birleşik Devletleri">Amerika Birleşik Devletleri</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Bölge</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kuzey_Amerika" title="Kuzey Amerika">Kuzey Amerika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bat%C4%B1_Afrika" title="Batı Afrika">Batı Afrika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orta_Afrika" title="Orta Afrika">Orta Afrika</a>, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCneydo%C4%9Fu_Asya" title="Güneydoğu Asya">Güneydoğu Asya</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Konuşan sayısı</th><td class="infobox-data">2.000.000 &#160;(1972)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dil_ailesi" title="Dil ailesi">Dil ailesi</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="text-align:left;">Fransız işaret dili <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:15px;padding-left:0"><li> <b>Amerikan İşaret Dili</b></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: silver;">Dil kodları</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-2" title="ISO 639-2">ISO 639-2</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><tt>ase</tt></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><tt><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/ase" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:ase">ase</a></tt></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:ASL_map_(world).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/ASL_map_%28world%29.png/300px-ASL_map_%28world%29.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/ASL_map_%28world%29.png/450px-ASL_map_%28world%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/ASL_map_%28world%29.png/600px-ASL_map_%28world%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="625" /></a></span><div style="text-align:left;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r32638653">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF7D81; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;ASL veya türevlerinin ulusal işaret dili olduğu bölgeler</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r32638653"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFB4B6; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;ASL'nin diğer bir işaret dili yanında önemli dil olduğu bölgeler</div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Amerikan İşaret Dili</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> veya <b>ASL</b> (<i>American Sign Language</i>), <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Birle%C5%9Fik_Devletleri" title="Amerika Birleşik Devletleri">Amerika Birleşik Devletleri</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a>'daki sağır topluluklarının kullandığı <a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fal_dil" title="Doğal dil">doğal</a> bir <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0%C5%9Faret_dili" title="İşaret dili">işaret dilidir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Lehçeleri ve ASL'den türemiş kreyollar ile birlikte <a href="/wiki/Bat%C4%B1_Afrika" title="Batı Afrika">Batı Afrika</a> ve <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCneydo%C4%9Fu_Asya" title="Güneydoğu Asya">Güneydoğu Asya</a>'daki topluluklarca da kullanılmaktadır. <a href="/wiki/Frans%C4%B1zca_i%C5%9Faret_dili" class="mw-redirect" title="Fransızca işaret dili">Fransızca işaret dilinin</a> bir <a href="/wiki/Kreol" title="Kreol">kreyolu</a> olduğu düşünülen ASL, <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Birle%C5%9Fik_Devletleri" title="Amerika Birleşik Devletleri">Amerika Birleşik Devletleri</a>'nın batısındaki <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a>'ta yer alan <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_School_for_the_Deaf&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="American School for the Deaf (sayfa mevcut değil)">American School for the Deaf</a></i> adlı sağırlar okulunda <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dil_ili%C5%9Fkisi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Dil ilişkisi (sayfa mevcut değil)">dil ilişkisi</a> sonucunda gelişmiştir.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>ASL dilbilgisi <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0ngilizce" title="İngilizce">İngilizce</a> ile ilişkili değildir ve çeşitli eyaletlerdeki eğitim kurumları tarafından <a href="/wiki/Yabanc%C4%B1_dil" title="Yabancı dil">yabancı dil</a> olarak kabul edilir.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1960'ların Sivil Haklar Hareketi'nin desteğiyle <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Stokoe&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="William Stokoe (sayfa mevcut değil)">William Stokoe</a>, sağır eğitiminde işaret dilinin kullanımı olan <a href="/wiki/Manualizm" title="Manualizm">manualizmi</a> savundu.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-stokoe_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stokoe-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kaynakça"><span id="Kaynak.C3.A7a"></span>Kaynakça</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amerikan_%C4%B0%C5%9Faret_Dili&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Kaynakça" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amerikan_%C4%B0%C5%9Faret_Dili&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Kaynakça"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r32805677">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-count:2}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-count:3}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/country/US">"Deaf People United States"</a>. 20 Haziran 2014 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140620233713/http://www.ethnologue.com/country/US">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">25 Haziran</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Deaf+People+United+States&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethnologue.com%2Fcountry%2FUS&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AAmerikan+%C4%B0%C5%9Faret+Dili" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/language/ase">"Ethnologue: ASL"</a>. 9 Mart 2013 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130309193816/http://www.ethnologue.com/language/ase">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">25 Haziran</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Ethnologue%3A+ASL&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethnologue.com%2Flanguage%2Fase&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AAmerikan+%C4%B0%C5%9Faret+Dili" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deaflibrary.org/asl.html">About American Sign Language</a> 19 Mayıs 2013 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130519230633/http://www.deaflibrary.org/asl.html">arşivlendi</a>., <i>Deaf Research Library</i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karen_Nakamura&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Karen Nakamura (sayfa mevcut değil)">Karen Nakamura</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPadden2010" class="kaynak">Padden, Carol (2010), "Sign Language Geography", Mathur, Gaurav; Napoli, Donna (Ed.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://communication.ucsd.edu/cpadden/sites/default/files/Padden%20SL%20Geography.pdf"><i>Deaf Around the World</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>, New York: Oxford University Press, ss.&#160;19-37, <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0199732531" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0199732531">978-0199732531</a>, 3 Haziran 2011 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110603020029/http://communication.ucsd.edu/cpadden/sites/default/files/Padden%20SL%20Geography.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">, erişim tarihi: 25 Kasım 2012</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Sign+Language+Geography&amp;rft.btitle=Deaf+Around+the+World&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pages=19-37&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.isbn=978-0199732531&amp;rft.aulast=Padden&amp;rft.aufirst=Carol&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcommunication.ucsd.edu%2Fcpadden%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2FPadden%2520SL%2520Geography.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AAmerikan+%C4%B0%C5%9Faret+Dili" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web">Burke, Sheila (26 Nisan 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/news/best-states/tennessee/articles/2017-04-26/tennessee-passes-sign-language-bill">"Bill Passes Requiring Sign Language Students Receive Credit"</a>. <i>US News</i>. 11 Ekim 2017 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171011051745/https://www.usnews.com/news/best-states/tennessee/articles/2017-04-26/tennessee-passes-sign-language-bill">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 24 Mayıs 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=US+News&amp;rft.atitle=Bill+Passes+Requiring+Sign+Language+Students+Receive+Credit&amp;rft.date=2017-04-26&amp;rft.aulast=Burke&amp;rft.aufirst=Sheila&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Fbest-states%2Ftennessee%2Farticles%2F2017-04-26%2Ftennessee-passes-sign-language-bill&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AAmerikan+%C4%B0%C5%9Faret+Dili" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">Stokoe, William C. 1960. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://saveourdeafschools.org/stokoe_1960.pdf">Sign Language Structure: An Outline of the Visual Communication Systems of the American Deaf</a> 2 Aralık 2013 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131202224634/http://saveourdeafschools.org/stokoe_1960.pdf">arşivlendi</a>., <i>Studies in linguistics: Occasional papers (No. 8)</i>. Buffalo: Dept. of Anthropology and Linguistics, University of Buffalo.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stokoe-7"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-stokoe_7-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFArmstrongKarchmer2002">Armstrong &amp; Karchmer (2002)</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table class="metadata plainlinks stub" role="presentation" style="background:transparent"><tbody><tr><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Globe_of_letters.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Taslak simgesi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Globe_of_letters.svg/30px-Globe_of_letters.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Globe_of_letters.svg/45px-Globe_of_letters.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Globe_of_letters.svg/60px-Globe_of_letters.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></td><td><i><a href="/wiki/Dil_(filoloji)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dil (filoloji)">Dil</a> ile ilgili bu madde <a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Taslak_madde" title="Vikipedi:Taslak madde">taslak</a> seviyesindedir. 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