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1861 Eliki earthquake - Wikipedia

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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Major Greek earthquake centred near Gulf of Corinth</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">1861 Eliki earthquake</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="locmap" style="width:260px;float:none;clear:none"><div style="width:260px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:260px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greece_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1861 Eliki earthquake is located in Greece"><img alt="1861 Eliki earthquake is located in Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Greece_relief_location_map.jpg/260px-Greece_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Greece_relief_location_map.jpg/390px-Greece_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Greece_relief_location_map.jpg/520px-Greece_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1003" data-file-height="825" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:54.324%;left:42.847%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Athens"><img alt="Athens" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/8px-Green_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/12px-Green_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/16px-Green_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:5px;left:-3em"><div>Athens</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:55%;left:35.463%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Corinth"><img alt="Corinth" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/8px-Green_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/12px-Green_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/16px-Green_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div>Corinth</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:50.811%;left:24.352%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Patras"><img alt="Patras" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/8px-Green_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/12px-Green_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/16px-Green_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div>Patras</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:50.27%;left:29.074%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-25px;top:-25px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="1861 Eliki earthquake"><img alt="1861 Eliki earthquake" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bullseye1.png/50px-Bullseye1.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bullseye1.png/75px-Bullseye1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bullseye1.png/100px-Bullseye1.png 2x" data-file-width="1610" data-file-height="1610" /></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Local&#160;date</th><td class="infobox-data">26 December 1861</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Local&#160;time</th><td class="infobox-data">08:28</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Magnitude</th><td class="infobox-data">6.6–6.7 <a href="/wiki/Seismic_magnitude_scales#Mw" title="Seismic magnitude scales"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">'"`UNIQ--templatestyles-00000003-QINU`"'</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="Moment mag. scale">M<sub>w</sub></span></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Depth</th><td class="infobox-data">10&#160;km (6&#160;mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Epicentre</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=1861_Eliki_earthquake&amp;params=38.28_N_22.24_E_region:GR_type:event"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°17′N</span> <span class="longitude">22°14′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.28°N 22.24°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">38.28; 22.24</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fault</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Eliki_Fault&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="East Eliki Fault (page does not exist)">East Eliki Fault</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Normal_fault" class="mw-redirect" title="Normal fault">Normal fault</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Areas affected</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Corinth" title="Gulf of Corinth">Gulf of Corinth</a>, Greece</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Maximum">Max.</abbr> intensity</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="background-color:rgba(255, 0, 0); padding:4px; color:white;"><a href="/wiki/European_macroseismic_scale#ems-98-9" title="European macroseismic scale"><span style="color:white;">EMS-98 IX (<i>Destructive</i>)</span></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tsunami</th><td class="infobox-data">Maximum run-up 2.1 m</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gulf_of_Corinth_fault_map_with_1861_EQ_epicentre.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Gulf_of_Corinth_fault_map_with_1861_EQ_epicentre.png/260px-Gulf_of_Corinth_fault_map_with_1861_EQ_epicentre.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Gulf_of_Corinth_fault_map_with_1861_EQ_epicentre.png/390px-Gulf_of_Corinth_fault_map_with_1861_EQ_epicentre.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Gulf_of_Corinth_fault_map_with_1861_EQ_epicentre.png/520px-Gulf_of_Corinth_fault_map_with_1861_EQ_epicentre.png 2x" data-file-width="3492" data-file-height="1531" /></a><figcaption>Map of Gulf of Corinth basin showing main active rift faults and epicentre of 1861 earthquake</figcaption></figure> <p>The southern margin of the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Corinth" title="Gulf of Corinth">Gulf of Corinth</a> was struck by a major <a href="/wiki/Earthquake" title="Earthquake">earthquake</a> on 26 December 1861 at 08:28 a.m. local time. It had an estimated magnitude in the range 6.6–6.7 <a href="/wiki/Seismic_magnitude_scales#Mw" title="Seismic magnitude scales"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="Moment mag. scale">M<sub>w</sub></span></a> and a maximum felt intensity of IX (<i>destructive</i>) on the <a href="/wiki/European_macroseismic_scale" title="European macroseismic scale">European macroseismic scale</a> (EMS). It caused widespread damage on both sides of the Gulf and led to up to 20 deaths<sup id="cite_ref-EPPO_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EPPO-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and a further 126 people being injured, 18 of them seriously.<sup id="cite_ref-Albini_etal_2017_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Albini_etal_2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> A series of <a href="/wiki/Tsunami" title="Tsunami">tsunami</a> waves were reported, with a maximum run-up of 2.1 m. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tectonic_setting">Tectonic setting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1861_Eliki_earthquake&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Tectonic setting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Gulf of Corinth is a zone of active <a href="/wiki/Rift" title="Rift">rifting</a> caused by the continued southward movement and spreading of the <a href="/wiki/Aegean_Sea_plate" title="Aegean Sea plate">Aegean Sea plate</a> in reaction to <a href="/wiki/Subduction" title="Subduction">subduction</a> of the <a href="/wiki/African_plate" title="African plate">African plate</a> beneath it. This is a result of <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_trench#Trench_rollback" title="Oceanic trench">rollback</a> affecting the subducting slab, leading to <a href="/wiki/Extensional_tectonics" title="Extensional tectonics">extension</a> in the over-riding plate. </p><p>The Gulf of Corinth rift is one of the fastest known zones of active extension in the world, with estimated extension rates of 10–15 mm per year.<sup id="cite_ref-Bell_etal_2009_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bell_etal_2009-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Most of the rift is dominated by large <a href="/wiki/Extensional_fault" title="Extensional fault">extensional faults</a> throwing down to the north, close to the current southern shore, although there are significant active south-dipping faults within the Gulf and along its northern side. In the western part of the Gulf, the main south-dipping faults are the Psathopyrgos, Selinitika, Aigion, Eliki and Akrata faults. The Eliki Fault is generally divided into two segments, the West and East Eliki faults. The Gulf of Corinth is an area of high seismicity, with many historical destructive earthquakes recorded, such as the <a href="/wiki/1995_Aigio_earthquake" title="1995 Aigio earthquake">1995 Aigio earthquake</a>. The East Eliki Fault is thought to have ruptured during an earthquake in 373 BC, destroying the ancient city of <a href="/wiki/Helike" title="Helike">Helike</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Albini_etal_2017_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Albini_etal_2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Earthquake">Earthquake</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1861_Eliki_earthquake&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Earthquake"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The magnitude of this earthquake has been estimated using the distribution of seismic intensities from 72 locations for which sufficient information about the damage sustained is available. The SISCOR approach used, based on the method developed by Bakun and Wentworth in 1997, gave an epicentral location in the middle of the Gulf, consistent with the observed tsunami. The magnitude was estimated in the range 6.6–6.7 M<sub>w</sub>&#8239;, regardless of the approach adopted.<sup id="cite_ref-Albini_etal_2017_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Albini_etal_2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>A possible <a href="/wiki/Surface_rupture" title="Surface rupture">surface rupture</a> was reported soon after the earthquake by <a href="/wiki/Johann_Friedrich_Julius_Schmidt" title="Johann Friedrich Julius Schmidt">Johann Friedrich Julius Schmidt</a>, then the director of the <a href="/wiki/National_Observatory_of_Athens" title="National Observatory of Athens">National Observatory of Athens</a>. He mapped out a 12–13 km long fissure that has been interpreted as surface rupture, although it has also been suggested that the fissure may represent the effects of lateral spreading during the earthquake.<sup id="cite_ref-Albini_etal_2017_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Albini_etal_2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tsunami">Tsunami</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1861_Eliki_earthquake&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Tsunami"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Up to five tsunami waves were reported affecting both the northern and southern coasts of the Gulf of Corinth. Run-ups of about 2 m were reported generally along the northern coast accompanied by inundation of 15–60 m. The tsunami led to significant damage to both merchant vessels and rowing boats in the Gulf of <a href="/wiki/Itea,_Phocis" title="Itea, Phocis">Itea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NCEI_runup_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NCEI_runup-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1861_Eliki_earthquake&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Greece" title="List of earthquakes in Greece">List of earthquakes in Greece</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1861_Eliki_earthquake&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-EPPO-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EPPO_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEarthquake_Planning_and_Protection_Organization_(EPPO)" class="citation web cs1">Earthquake Planning and Protection Organization (EPPO). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oasp.gr/node/613">"Corinth Gulf 1861 (Ass. Valimitika)"</a>. E.P.P.O<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Corinth+Gulf+1861+%28Ass.+Valimitika%29&amp;rft.pub=E.P.P.O.&amp;rft.au=Earthquake+Planning+and+Protection+Organization+%28EPPO%29&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oasp.gr%2Fnode%2F613&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1861+Eliki+earthquake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Albini_etal_2017-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Albini_etal_2017_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Albini_etal_2017_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Albini_etal_2017_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Albini_etal_2017_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlbiniRovidaScottiLyon-Caen2017" class="citation journal cs1">Albini, P.; Rovida, A.; Scotti, O.; Lyon-Caen, H. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01676901/file/Albini_et_al-2017-BSSA-preprint.pdf">"Large Eighteenth–Nineteenth Century Earthquakes in Western Gulf of Corinth with Reappraised Size and Location"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America</i>. <b>107</b> (4): 1663–1687. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1785%2F0120160181">10.1785/0120160181</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&amp;rft.atitle=Large+Eighteenth%E2%80%93Nineteenth+Century+Earthquakes+in+Western+Gulf+of+Corinth+with+Reappraised+Size+and+Location&amp;rft.volume=107&amp;rft.issue=4&amp;rft.pages=1663-1687&amp;rft.date=2017&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1785%2F0120160181&amp;rft.aulast=Albini&amp;rft.aufirst=P.&amp;rft.au=Rovida%2C+A.&amp;rft.au=Scotti%2C+O.&amp;rft.au=Lyon-Caen%2C+H.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhal.archives-ouvertes.fr%2Fhal-01676901%2Ffile%2FAlbini_et_al-2017-BSSA-preprint.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1861+Eliki+earthquake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bell_etal_2009-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bell_etal_2009_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBellMcNeillBullHenstock2009" class="citation journal cs1">Bell, R. 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NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/tsunami/runup-more-info/887">"Runup Information"</a>. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7289%2FV5PN93H7">10.7289/V5PN93H7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Runup+Information&amp;rft.pub=NOAA+National+Centers+for+Environmental+Information&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7289%2FV5PN93H7&amp;rft.au=National+Geophysical+Data+Center+%2F+World+Data+Service%3A+NCEI%2FWDS+Global+Historical+Tsunami+Database.+NOAA+National+Centers+for+Environmental+Information&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ngdc.noaa.gov%2Fhazel%2Fview%2Fhazards%2Ftsunami%2Frunup-more-info%2F887&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1861+Eliki+earthquake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Earthquakes_in_Greece" title="Template:Earthquakes in Greece"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Earthquakes_in_Greece" title="Template talk:Earthquakes in Greece"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Earthquakes_in_Greece" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Earthquakes in Greece"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Earthquakes_in_Greece" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Greece" title="List of earthquakes in Greece">Earthquakes in Greece</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/479_BC_Potidaea_earthquake" title="479 BC Potidaea earthquake">479 BC Potidaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/464_BC_Sparta_earthquake" title="464 BC Sparta earthquake">464 BC Sparta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/426_BC_Malian_Gulf_tsunami" title="426 BC Malian Gulf tsunami">426 BC Malian Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/226_BC_Rhodes_earthquake" title="226 BC Rhodes earthquake">226 BC Rhodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/365_Crete_earthquake" title="365 Crete earthquake">365 Crete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1303_Crete_earthquake" title="1303 Crete earthquake">1303 Crete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1481_Rhodes_earthquake" title="1481 Rhodes earthquake">1481 Rhodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1630_Crete_earthquake" title="1630 Crete earthquake">1630 Crete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1743_Salento_earthquake" title="1743 Salento earthquake">1743 Salento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1810_Crete_earthquake" title="1810 Crete earthquake">1810 Crete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_Heraklion_earthquake" title="1856 Heraklion earthquake">1856 Crete</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1861 Eliki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1881_Chios_earthquake" title="1881 Chios earthquake">1881 Chios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1886_Peloponnese_earthquake" title="1886 Peloponnese earthquake">1886 Peloponnese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1894_Atalanti_earthquakes" title="1894 Atalanti earthquakes">1894 Atalanti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contemporary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1904_Samos_earthquake" title="1904 Samos earthquake">1904 Samos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Ierissos_earthquake" title="1932 Ierissos earthquake">1932 Ierissos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_Kos_earthquake" title="1933 Kos earthquake">1933 Kos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Ionian_earthquake" title="1953 Ionian earthquake">1953 Ionian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_Sofades_earthquake" title="1954 Sofades earthquake">1954 Sofades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Amorgos_earthquake" title="1956 Amorgos earthquake">1956 Amorgos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Aegean_Sea_earthquake" title="1968 Aegean Sea earthquake">1968 Aegean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_Thessaloniki_earthquake" title="1978 Thessaloniki earthquake">1978 Thessaloniki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Gulf_of_Corinth_earthquakes" title="1981 Gulf of Corinth earthquakes">1981 Gulf of Corinth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Kalamata_earthquake" title="1986 Kalamata earthquake">1986 Kalamata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Athens_earthquake" title="1999 Athens earthquake">1999 Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Greece_earthquake" title="2006 Greece earthquake">2006 Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Dodecanese_earthquake" title="2008 Dodecanese earthquake">2008 Dodecanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Peloponnese_earthquake" title="2008 Peloponnese earthquake">2008 Peloponnese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Aegean_Sea_earthquake" title="2014 Aegean Sea earthquake">2014 Aegean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Lefkada_earthquake" title="2015 Lefkada earthquake">2015 Lefkada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Lesbos_earthquake" title="2017 Lesbos earthquake">2017 Lesbos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Aegean_Sea_earthquake" title="2017 Aegean Sea earthquake">2017 Aegean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Ionian_Sea_earthquake" title="2018 Ionian Sea earthquake">2018 Ionian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Aegean_Sea_earthquake" title="2020 Aegean Sea earthquake">2020 Aegean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Larissa_earthquake" title="2021 Larissa earthquake">2021 Larissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Arkalochori_earthquake" title="2021 Arkalochori earthquake">2021 Crete I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Lasithi_earthquake" title="2021 Lasithi earthquake">2021 Crete II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐6696b4cc84‐pc8br Cached time: 20241122163314 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.401 seconds Real time usage: 0.821 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1890/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 47676/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4708/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 24/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 30020/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.263/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6367835/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 544.496 1 -total 47.12% 256.573 1 Template:Infobox_earthquake 45.27% 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