CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="no-js" lang="en-US"> <head>  <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-T3KLDF7');</script>   <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/consent/022812f4-959c-461b-bfd1-6370c0a1b159/OtAutoBlock.js" ></script> <script src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="022812f4-959c-461b-bfd1-6370c0a1b159" ></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function OptanonWrapper() { function parseOTGroupIDs(ids) { var parsed_ids = ids.split(','); return parsed_ids.filter(Boolean); } var active_group_ids = parseOTGroupIDs(OnetrustActiveGroups); var all_group_ids = []; var all_group_objects = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(Optanon.GetDomainData().Groups)); for(var i = 0; i < all_group_objects.length; i++) { var group_id = all_group_objects[i]['CustomGroupId']; if(active_group_ids.indexOf(group_id) === -1 && all_group_objects[i]['Cookies'].length) { for(var j = 0; j < all_group_objects[i]['Cookies'].length; j++) { eraseCookie(all_group_objects[i]['Cookies'][j]['Name']); } } } //Delete cookie function eraseCookie(name) { var domains = [window.location.hostname]; if(domains.indexOf('fpf.org') === -1) { domains.push('fpf.org'); } for(var i = 0; i < domains.length; i++) { eraseCookieForDomain(name, domains[i]); } //Delete LSO incase LSO being used, cna be commented out. localStorage.removeItem(name); } //Delete cookie for a specific domain function eraseCookieForDomain(name, domainName) { document.cookie = name + '=; Max-Age=-99999999; Path=/;Domain=' + domainName; document.cookie = name + '=; Max-Age=-99999999; Path=/;'; //Check for the current path of the page pathArray = window.location.pathname.split('/'); //Loop through path hierarchy and delete potential cookies at each path. for (var i = 0; i < pathArray.length; i++) { if (pathArray[i]) { //Build the path string from the Path Array e.g /site/login var currentPath = pathArray.slice(0, i + 1).join('/'); document.cookie = name + '=; Max-Age=-99999999; Path=' + currentPath + ';Domain=' + domainName; document.cookie = name + '=; Max-Age=-99999999; Path=' + currentPath + ';'; //Maybe path has a trailing slash! document.cookie = name + '=; Max-Age=-99999999; Path=' + currentPath + '/;Domain=' + domainName; document.cookie = name + '=; Max-Age=-99999999; Path=' + currentPath + '/;'; } } } } </script>  <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" > <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <title>Data Sharing ... By Any Other Name - Future of Privacy Forum</title> <meta name="dc.title" content="Data Sharing ... By Any Other Name - Future of Privacy Forum"> <meta name="dc.description" content="There are many different uses of the term “data sharing” to describe a relationship between parties who share data from one organization to another organization for a new purpose. Some uses of the term data sharing are related to academic and scientific research purposes, and some are related to transfer…"> <meta name="dc.relation" content="https://fpf.org/blog/data-sharing-by-any-other-name/"> <meta name="dc.source" content="https://fpf.org/"> <meta name="dc.language" content="en_US"> <meta name="description" content="There are many different uses of the term “data sharing” to describe a relationship between parties who share data from one organization to another organization for a new purpose. Some uses of the term data sharing are related to academic and scientific research purposes, and some are related to transfer…"> <meta name="robots" content="index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://fpf.org/blog/data-sharing-by-any-other-name/"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://fpf.org/blog/data-sharing-by-any-other-name/"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Future of Privacy Forum"> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"> <meta property="og:type" content="article"> <meta property="article:author" content="https://www.facebook.com/FutureofPrivacy"> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/FutureofPrivacy"> <meta property="article:section" content="Blog"> <meta property="article:tag" content="Research & Ethics"> <meta property="article:tag" content="Youth & Education Privacy"> <meta property="og:title" content="Data Sharing ... By Any Other Name - Future of Privacy Forum"> <meta property="og:description" content="There are many different uses of the term “data sharing” to describe a relationship between parties who share data from one organization to another organization for a new purpose. Some uses of the term data sharing are related to academic and scientific research purposes, and some are related to transfer…"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/knowledge-sharing-hero-1.jpeg"> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/knowledge-sharing-hero-1.jpeg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="920"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="920"> <meta property="og:image:alt" content="knowledge sharing hero"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@futureofprivacy"> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@futureofprivacy"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Data Sharing ... By Any Other Name - Future of Privacy Forum"> <meta name="twitter:description" content="There are many different uses of the term “data sharing” to describe a relationship between parties who share data from one organization to another organization for a new purpose. Some uses of the term data sharing are related to academic and scientific research purposes, and some are related to transfer…"> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/knowledge-sharing-hero-1.jpeg"> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//ajax.googleapis.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn.jsdelivr.net' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//use.typekit.net' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdnjs.cloudflare.com' /> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/fpf.org\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.6.2"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='fpf__page-blocks__styles-css' href='https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/page-blocks/page-blocks.css?ver=1731942028' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='fpf__page-blocks__styles__reset-css' href='https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/page-blocks/page-blocks.reset.css?ver=1731942028' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='fpf__page-blocks__styles__system-css' href='https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/page-blocks/page-blocks.system.css?ver=1731942028' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://fpf.org/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='cb-carousel-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> .wp-block-cb-carousel .slick-slide{overflow:hidden;padding-left:7.5px;padding-right:7.5px}.wp-block-cb-carousel .slick-dots li button:not(:hover):not(:active),.wp-block-cb-carousel .slick-next:not(:hover):not(:active),.wp-block-cb-carousel .slick-prev:not(:hover):not(:active){background-color:transparent}.wp-block-cb-carousel .slick-next:before,.wp-block-cb-carousel .slick-prev:before{color:#000}.wp-block-cb-carousel.alignfull .slick-next,.wp-block-cb-carousel.alignfull .slick-prev{z-index:1}.wp-block-cb-carousel.alignfull .slick-prev{left:25px}.wp-block-cb-carousel.alignfull .slick-next{right:25px}.wp-block-cb-carousel .wp-block-cover,.wp-block-cb-carousel .wp-block-image{margin-bottom:0}.wp-block-cb-carousel .wp-block-cover.aligncenter,.wp-block-cb-carousel .wp-block-image.aligncenter{margin-left:auto!important;margin-right:auto!important}.is-layout-flex .wp-block-cb-carousel{width:100%} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='fpf-training-faculty-member-style-css' href='https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/page-blocks/fpf-training-faculty-member/block.css?ver=1731942028' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='fpf-video-link-style-css' href='https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/page-blocks/fpf-video-link/block.css?ver=1731942028' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wpseopress-local-business-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> span.wp-block-wpseopress-local-business-field{margin-right:8px} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--fpf-brand-cyan: #00B8FC;--wp--preset--color--fpf-brand-blue: #004A8B;--wp--preset--color--fpf-brand-black: #231F24;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--font-family--fpf-base: 'Proxima Nova', sans-serif;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:root { --wp--style--global--content-size: 980px;--wp--style--global--wide-size: 980px; }:where(body) { margin: 0; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignleft { float: left; margin-right: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignright { float: right; margin-left: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .aligncenter { justify-content: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > * { margin-block-start: 0; margin-block-end: 0; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > :first-child { margin-block-start: 0; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > :last-child { margin-block-end: 0; }:root { --wp--style--block-gap: 0; }:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > :first-child{margin-block-start: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > :last-child{margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > *{margin-block-start: 0;margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > :first-child{margin-block-start: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > :last-child{margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > *{margin-block-start: 0;margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0;}.is-layout-flow > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-flow > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-flow > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width: var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignwide{max-width: var(--wp--style--global--wide-size);}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--fpf-base);margin: 0;padding: 0;}a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color: var(--wp--preset--color--fpf-brand-blue);text-decoration: underline;}:root :where(a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)):hover){color: var(--wp--preset--color--fpf-brand-cyan);}:root :where(.wp-element-button, .wp-block-button__link){background-color: #32373c;border-width: 0;color: #fff;font-family: inherit;font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;padding: calc(0.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration: none;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-fpf-brand-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--fpf-brand-cyan) !important;}.has-fpf-brand-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--fpf-brand-blue) !important;}.has-fpf-brand-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--fpf-brand-black) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-fpf-brand-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--fpf-brand-cyan) !important;}.has-fpf-brand-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--fpf-brand-blue) !important;}.has-fpf-brand-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--fpf-brand-black) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-fpf-brand-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--fpf-brand-cyan) !important;}.has-fpf-brand-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--fpf-brand-blue) !important;}.has-fpf-brand-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--fpf-brand-black) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}.has-fpf-base-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--fpf-base) !important;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} :root :where(p){line-height: 150%;} :root :where(.wp-block-list){line-height: 162.50%;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='pb-accordion-blocks-style-css' href='https://fpf.org/wp-content/plugins/accordion-blocks/build/index.css?ver=1.5.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='typekit-css' href='https://use.typekit.net/kxf6fpd.css?ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='fpf-add-css' href='https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/css/addition/addition.css?ver=1.0.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='fpf-pop-up-css' href='https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fancyapps/fancybox@3.5.7/dist/jquery.fancybox.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='fpf-font-icon-css' href='https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.5.2/css/all.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='fpf-costume-css' href='https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/css/style.css?ver=6.3.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='fpf-css' href='https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/style.css?ver=1.8.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='searchwp-forms-css' href='https://fpf.org/wp-content/plugins/searchwp/assets/css/frontend/search-forms.css?ver=4.3.17' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/assets/js/fpf-auto-submit.js?ver=6.6.2" id="fpf-auto-submit-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="fpf-authored-posts-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var fap_data = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/fpf.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/assets/js/fpf-authored-posts.js?ver=6.6.2" id="fpf-authored-posts-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/page-blocks/fpf-training-faculty-member/block.js?ver=1731942028" id="fpf-training-faculty-member-script-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/assets/js/fpf-facet-labels.js?ver=6.6.2" id="facet-labels-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fancyapps/fancybox@3.5.7/dist/jquery.fancybox.min.js?ver=6.6.2" id="jquery-pop-up-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://fpf.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://fpf.org/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/132847" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://fpf.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.6.2" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://fpf.org/?p=132847' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://fpf.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Ffpf.org%2Fblog%2Fdata-sharing-by-any-other-name%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://fpf.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Ffpf.org%2Fblog%2Fdata-sharing-by-any-other-name%2F&format=xml" /> <style id='wp-fonts-local' type='text/css'> @font-face{font-family:"Proxima Nova";font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:fallback;src:url('https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/fonts/ProximaNova-Regular.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/fonts/ProximaNova-Regular.woff') format('woff');font-stretch:normal;} @font-face{font-family:"Proxima Nova";font-style:normal;font-weight:500;font-display:fallback;src:url('https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/fonts/ProximaNova-Medium.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/fonts/ProximaNova-Medium.woff') format('woff');font-stretch:normal;} @font-face{font-family:"Proxima Nova";font-style:normal;font-weight:600;font-display:fallback;src:url('https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/fonts/ProximaNova-Bold.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/fonts/ProximaNova-Bold.woff') format('woff');font-stretch:normal;} @font-face{font-family:"Proxima Nova";font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:fallback;src:url('https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/fonts/ProximaNova-Bold.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/fonts/ProximaNova-Bold.woff') format('woff');font-stretch:normal;} </style> <style id="uagb-style-conditional-extension">@media (min-width: 1025px){body .uag-hide-desktop.uagb-google-map__wrap,body .uag-hide-desktop{display:none !important}}@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){body .uag-hide-tab.uagb-google-map__wrap,body .uag-hide-tab{display:none !important}}@media (max-width: 767px){body .uag-hide-mob.uagb-google-map__wrap,body .uag-hide-mob{display:none !important}}</style><link rel="icon" href="https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/favicon.ico" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/favicon.ico" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/favicon.ico" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/favicon.ico" /> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> /* Auto avatar for staff pages */ a.team__img.ibg, .portrait.basic-content__img.ibg { background-image: url(https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/img-avatar-2.svg); } p { margin: 10px 0; } .footer__social .instagram a::before { content: "\f16d"; } /* Homepage hero @media (max-width: 992px){ .featured-content__wrap::before { background-color: rgba(255,255,255,1) !important; } } */ /* Member Portal nav link */ .header__menu { width:100%; } .member-portal a:before { font-family:"Font Awesome 5 Free"; font-size:12px; content:"\f023"; margin-right:5px; } ul#menu-utility { display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; } ul#menu-utility > li { white-space:nowrap; } @media screen and (max-width: 640px) { ul#menu-utility > li { margin-bottom:15px; } } /* FPF events styles */ .event-headline a { color:#000 !important; font-size:22px; } .event-categories a { margin:15px 15px 0 0; color:#004a8b; text-decoration:underline; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1px; font-weight:600; font-size:15px; } button.filter-reset { background-color:#01b8fc; color:#fff; padding:13px 30px; margin-top:40px; border:0; font-weight:700; letter-spacing:1px; } button.filter-reset:hover { color:#004a8b; } .event-past { font-size:12px; font-weight:800; text-transform:uppercase; background-color:#939598; padding:4px 6px; letter-spacing:1px; color:#fff; margin-right:10px; } .event-upcoming { font-size:12px; font-weight:800; text-transform:uppercase; background-color:#01b8fc; padding:4px 6px; letter-spacing:1px; color:#fff; margin-right:10px; } .facetwp-radio { font-weight:800; background-image:none !important; background:none; padding:5px 0 5px 5px !important; letter-spacing:1px; } .facetwp-radio.checked { padding-left:0; margin:0; padding:6px 4px; background-color:#01b8fc; color:#004a8b; } .event-listing-thumb { width:200px; height:200px; background-size:cover; float:right; margin-left:30px; } a div.navbutttons { color:#fff; text-transform:uppercase; font-weight:800; letter-spacing:1px; padding:10px 40px; margin-right:20px; } a div.navbutttons:hover { background-color:#000 !important; } a.navlink, a.navlink:hover {text-decoration:none;} .content-basic ul {line-height:1.5;} a.navlink, a.navlink:hover {border:0;} .page-template-page-fpf-events .facet-label {display:none;} @media screen and (max-width:480px) { .event-listing-thumb { display:none; } a div.navbutttons { font-size:12px; padding:5px 10px; margin-right:10px; } } h2.gform_submission_error { font-weight: normal!important; font-size: 1em!important; line-height: initial!important; text-transform: initial!important; padding: initial!important; margin: initial!important; } .sidebar .facet-wrap .facet-label { display: none; } .sidebar .facetwp-toggle { color: #fff; } .wp-block-image figcaption { text-align: center; font-size: 0.8em; } .single-post .content-basic p { margin-bottom:16px; margin-top:0; padding: 0; } .single-post .basic-content .wp-block-image { padding-top:unset; margin:0; } .facetwp-load-more, .main-btn, #gform_submit_button_2, #gform_submit_button_1 { display: inline-block; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 1px; color: #01b8fc !important; background-color: transparent !important; text-transform: uppercase; padding: 18px 21px; border: 2px solid #01b8fc; -webkit-transition: 0.3s; -o-transition: 0.3s; transition: 0.3s; cursor: pointer; -webkit-appearance: none; -moz-appearance: none; appearance: none; text-decoration: none !important; } /* Header fixes */ .header .sub-menu { z-index:10; } /* Old content repsonsive fix */ .content-sidebar .content-left .aligncenter { width:100% !important; } .wp-block-image .aligncenter { text-align:center; } /* Training button hover and tag display fix */ .content-event a.has-cyan-background-color:hover { background-color:#004a8b; color:#fff; } .single-uddf-event .event-categories a { color:#fff; opacity:.75; } /* Form fixes */ .subscribe-form #gform_submit_button_1 { display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; -ms-flex-align: center; align-items: center; -webkit-box-pack: center; -ms-flex-pack: center; justify-content: center; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 43px; letter-spacing: 1px; border: 4px solid #fff; cursor: pointer; -webkit-transition: 0.3s; -o-transition: 0.3s; transition: 0.3s; margin: 0 !important; -webkit-appearance: none; -moz-appearance: none; appearance: none; text-transform: uppercase; padding: 0 55px 0 43px !important; color:#fff !important; } .subscribe-form #gform_submit_button_1:hover { background-color: #fff !important; color: #01b8fc !important; } /* Home page promo block updates */ .home .featured-content .container-fluid { max-width:unset; } .featured-content .container-fluid .featured-content__item h1 { line-height:1; } .home .featured-content .container-fluid .featured-content__item p { max-width:500px; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 500; } .home .featured-content .container-fluid .featured-content__item p, .latest-blogs__text p { line-height:1.4; } @media (max-width: 992px) { .home .featured-content .featured-content__wrap::before { background-color: rgba(255,255,255,.9); } } @media (max-width: 960px) { .featured-content .container-fluid .featured-content__item h1 { font-size:50px; } } @media (max-width: 420px) { .featured-content .container-fluid .featured-content__item h1 { font-size:35px; } .home .featured-content .container-fluid .featured-content__item p { font-size:16px; } } .content-left { max-width: 100%; } .centered-group { max-width: 800px; margin: 0 auto; } /* Fix for Author Details not fitting in box */ .single-post .fpf-authors .author__name { font-size: 16px; } .single-post .fpf-authors .author__links a { font-size: 10px; line-height: unset; } .single-post .fpf-authors .author__job-title { font-size: 12px; } .single-post .fpf-authors .author__img { flex: 0 0 30%; padding-bottom: 30%; } .single-post .fpf-authors .author__wrap { padding: 20px; } #schedule span.reg-button { display: block; } /* Fix for faculty bios showing borders beneath links */ .content-basic .fpf__block__training-faculty-profile a { border-bottom: none; } /* Extending accordion CSS to all pages */ .c-accordion__title:after { color:#004a8b; font-size:50px; border-left:2px solid #004a8b; padding:15px 0 15px 30px; } .is-open>.c-accordion__title:after { content:"\00D7"; } .c-accordion__content {padding-top:20px} .wp-block-pb-accordion-item { background-color:#f8f8f9; padding:30px; margin-bottom:10px; } .wp-block-pb-accordion-item h2 { font-size:26px !important; line-height:30px; text-transform:none; font-weight:normal !important; color:#004a8b; padding-right:70px; } @media screen and (max-width:760px) { .wp-block-pb-accordion-item h2 { font-size:20px !important; } .wp-block-pb-accordion-item { padding:20px; } .c-accordion__title:after { font-size:30px; border-left:1px solid #004a8b; } } .spotlight__colum--post.resource .spotlight__img { background-size: contain; background-position: top; padding-bottom: 35%; } .wp-block-group.subscribe-form { max-width: 90%; } .press-releases-most-recent { display: flex; gap: 20px; } .press-releases-most-recent a.press-release.item { font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.5; color: black; padding: 20px 0; border-bottom: none; } .press-releases-most-recent a.press-release.item:hover { color: #004a8b; } .press-releases-most-recent a.press-release.item:hover .read-more { color: black; text-decoration: none; } .press-releases-most-recent a.press-release.item .read-more { display: block; text-transform: uppercase; text-decoration: underline; margin-top: 12px; } .content-basic a.main-btn { border-bottom: 2px solid #01b8fc; } @media (max-width: 900px) { .press-releases-most-recent { flex-direction: column; } } .wp-container-core-group-layout-1.wp-container-core-group-layout-1 > .fpf-attribution.contact-sidebar { margin-left: 20px !important; } /* Updated the Twitter social media icon in the footer */ .x-twitter { padding-top: 3px; } .x-twitter a svg { height: 19px; } /* Adjusted max width for author inserts on blog posts */ .fpf-authors { max-width: 40%; } @media (max-width: 600px) { .fpf-authors { max-width: 100%; } } ol.wp-block-footnotes { font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important; line-height: 1.5; list-style: numeral; } /* Override to force the slideshow arrows to always show */ .fpf-featured-posts-block .splide__arrows { opacity: 1; } .social-icons .twitter::before { content: "" !important; } /****************************** * Training Program landing page * styles added by Aaron Bolton on * behalf of Incite Creative, Inc. * * aaron@incitecreativeinc.com * * Dated edited: 05/06/2014 * ****************************/ .training-h2, .training-h2 *{ font-size: 47px; } .training-blue-bg{ background-color: #01b8fc; } .training-light-gray-bg{ background-color: #f0f0f0; } .training-ul{ list-style: none !important; } .training-ul li{ background-image: url('https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/blue-chevron.png'); background-size: 11px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: left 5px; padding-left: 20px; } .training-testimonials .uagb-tm__desc{ background-image: url('https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/green-quote-left.png'); background-size: 32px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: top center; padding-top: 40px; } .training-testimonials.quote-left .uagb-tm__desc{ background-position: top left; } .max-width-1600{ max-width: 1600px; } /****************************** * End Training Program styles. * ****************************/ .scrollable-in-mobile { width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; } body.parent-pageid-239391 .page-content, body.parent-pageid-241801 .page-content{ max-width: 100%; padding: 0; } body.parent-pageid-239391 .title-page, body.parent-pageid-241801 .title-page, body.page-id-240364 .title-page, body.page-id-239391 .title-page { display: none; } @media (max-width: 800px) { .page-id-239391 .spectra-image-gallery__media.spectra-image-gallery__media--carousel img { height: 100px; width: auto; margin: 0 auto; } } /* * The eventbrite registration button colors was being overridden by UAGB block CSS. */ .eventbrite-content button { background-color: #004a8b!important; color: #ffffff!important; border: 1px solid #004a8b!important; } .eventbrite-content button:hover { background-color: white!important; color: #004a8b!important; } /* sponsorship form */ body.page-id-237386 .gform_wrapper { width: 90%; max-width: 900px; } </style> </head> <body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-132847 single-format-standard">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-T3KLDF7" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>  <header class="header"> <div class="container header__container"> <div class="header__logo"> <a href="/"> <img src="https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/img/logo.svg" alt="FPF"> </a> </div> <div class="header__menu"> <div class="header__menu--top" data-da="header__menu--main,0,640"> <ul id="menu-utility" class="header__menu--top-list"><li id="menu-item-201310" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-201310"><a href="https://fpf.org/media/">Media</a></li> <li id="menu-item-14" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-14"><a href="/fpf-events/upcoming/">Events</a></li> <li id="menu-item-215714" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-215714"><a href="/training">Training</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-241922" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-241922"><a href="/training">FPF Training Program</a></li> <li id="menu-item-241814" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-241814"><a href="/training-private">Private Trainings</a></li> <li id="menu-item-241815" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-241815"><a href="/training/faculty">FPF Training Faculty</a></li> <li id="menu-item-242907" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-242907"><a href="https://fpf.org/fpf-training-program-2024-faqs/">FPF Training Program FAQs</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-127207" class="member-portal menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-127207"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://engage.fpf.org/home">FPF Portal</a></li> <li id="menu-item-15" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-15"><a href="/contact">Contact</a></li> <li id="menu-item-16" class="search menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-16"><a href="/?s=" data-src="#search">Search</a></li> </ul> </div> <nav class="header__menu--main"> <ul id="menu-primary" class="header__menu--main-list"><li id="menu-item-17" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-17"><a href="/about">About</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-58430" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-58430"><a href="https://fpf.org/about/">About</a></li> <li id="menu-item-58625" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-58625"><a href="https://fpf.org/about/board-of-directors/">Board of Directors</a></li> <li id="menu-item-525" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-525"><a href="/about/the-team">Staff</a></li> <li id="menu-item-239940" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-239940"><a href="/membership/advisory-board/">Advisory Board</a></li> <li id="menu-item-237594" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-237594"><a href="https://fpf.org/sponsorship-offerings-at-fpf/">Sponsorships</a></li> <li id="menu-item-58488" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-58488"><a href="https://fpf.org/about/career-opportunities/">Careers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-241792" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-241792"><a href="https://fpf.org/global/">Global</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-18" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-18"><a href="/cornerstone-issues">Issues</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-57523" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-issue menu-item-57523"><a href="https://fpf.org/issue/ad-tech-guidance/">Ad Tech</a></li> <li id="menu-item-56080" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-issue current-post-ancestor current-menu-parent current-post-parent menu-item-56080"><a href="https://fpf.org/issue/ai-ml/">Artificial Intelligence</a></li> <li id="menu-item-240410" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-240410"><a href="/global/asia-pacific/">Asia-Pacific</a></li> <li id="menu-item-526" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-issue menu-item-526"><a href="https://fpf.org/issue/biometrics/">Biometrics</a></li> <li id="menu-item-240985" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-240985"><a href="https://fpf.org/issue/cybersecurity/">Cybersecurity</a></li> <li id="menu-item-58489" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-58489"><a href="/global/europe">Europe</a></li> <li id="menu-item-57527" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-issue menu-item-57527"><a href="https://fpf.org/issue/health-data/">Health</a></li> <li id="menu-item-181740" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-181740"><a href="https://fpf.org/issue/immersive-technologies/">Immersive Technologies</a></li> <li id="menu-item-57529" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-issue menu-item-57529"><a href="https://fpf.org/issue/mobility-location/">Mobility & Location</a></li> <li id="menu-item-233337" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233337"><a href="https://fpf.org/issue/open-banking/">Open Banking</a></li> <li id="menu-item-241665" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-241665"><a href="https://fpf.org/issue/privacy-enhancing-technologies/">Privacy Enhancing Technologies</a></li> <li id="menu-item-125570" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-125570"><a href="https://fpf.org/issue/research-and-ethics/">Research & Ethics</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126938" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-126938"><a href="https://fpf.org/issue/us-legislation/">U.S. Legislation</a></li> <li id="menu-item-57525" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-issue menu-item-57525"><a href="https://fpf.org/issue/education/">Youth & Education Privacy</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-58478" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-post-ancestor current-menu-parent current-post-parent menu-item-58478"><a href="https://fpf.org/./blog/">Blog</a></li> <li id="menu-item-19" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-19"><a href="/resources">Resources</a></li> <li id="menu-item-236462" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-236462"><a href="https://fpf.org/membership/">Membership</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-236467" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-236467"><a href="https://fpf.org/membership/become-a-member/">Become a Member</a></li> <li id="menu-item-236466" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-236466"><a href="https://fpf.org/membership/our-members/">Our Members</a></li> <li id="menu-item-236465" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-236465"><a href="https://fpf.org/membership/advisory-board/">Advisory Board</a></li> <li id="menu-item-236464" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-236464"><a href="https://fpf.org/membership/annual-meeting/">Annual Meeting</a></li> <li id="menu-item-236463" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-236463"><a href="https://fpf.org/membership/member-portal/">Member Portal</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-21" class="cta-active menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-21"><a href="/subscribe">Subscribe</a></li> </ul> </nav> <div class="burder__menu"> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> </div> </div> </div> </header><main class="main"> <div class="title-page"> <div class="container"> <h1 class="title-page__title"> Data Sharing … By Any Other Name </h1> </div> </div> <div class="basic-content"> <div class="container"> <div class="content-basic content-sidebar"> <div class="content-left"> <div class="sidebar__btn"><a href="">FILTER <i class="fas fa-bars"></i><i class="fas fa-times"></i></a></div> <div class="single-header__date"> November 4, 2021 </div> <div class="social-media-shares social-icons"> <a target="_blank" class="facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Ffpf.org%2Fblog%2Fdata-sharing-by-any-other-name%2F"> Share on Facebook </a> <a target="_blank" class="linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffpf.org%2Fblog%2Fdata-sharing-by-any-other-name%2F&title=Data+Sharing+%26%238230%3B+By+Any+Other+Name&summary=There+are+many+different+uses+of+the+term+%E2%80%9Cdata+sharing%E2%80%9D+to+describe+a+relationship+between+parties+who+share+data+from+one+organization+to+another+organization+for+a+new+purpose.%C2%A0+Some+uses+of+the+term+data+sharing+are+related+to+academic+and+scientific+research+purposes%2C+and+some+are+related+to+transfer+of+data+for+commercial+or+government+purposes.+..it+is+imperative+that+we+are+more+precise+which+forms+of+sharing+we+are+referencing+so+that+the+interests+of+the+parties+are+adequately+considered%2C+and+the+various+risks+and+benefits+are+appropriately+contextualized+and+managed.&source=https://fpf.org"> Share on LinkedIn </a> <a target="_blank" class="twitter" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Data+Sharing+%26%238230%3B+By+Any+Other+Name&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffpf.org%2Fblog%2Fdata-sharing-by-any-other-name%2F"> Share on Twitter </a>  <a target="_blank" class="email" href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#c0ffb3b5a2aaa5a3b4fd84a1b4a1eb93a8a1b2a9aea7ebe5f2f6e5f2f3f8f2f3f0e5f382eb82b9eb81aeb9eb8fb4a8a5b2eb8ea1ada5e6a1adb0fba2afa4b9fda8b4b4b0b3e5f381e5f286e5f286a6b0a6eeafb2a7e5f286a2acafa7e5f286a4a1b4a1edb3a8a1b2a9aea7eda2b9eda1aeb9edafb4a8a5b2edaea1ada5e5f286"> Share through Email </a> </div> <div class="fpf-authors"> <div class="author"> <div class="author__wrap"> <div class="author__img ibg" style="background-image: url(https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/SJordan_Headshot.jpg);"></div> <div class="author__body"> <div class="author__name">Sara Jordan</div> <div class="author__job-title"></div> <div class="author__links"> <div class="author__about-link"> <a href="https://fpf.org/person/dr-sara-jordan/">About Sara</a> </div> <div class="author__blog-link"><a href="https://fpf.org/person/dr-sara-jordan/#blog">Blogs by Sara</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <p><strong>Data Sharing … By Any Other Name</strong> <strong>(Would Still Be a Complex, Multi-stakeholder Situation)</strong></p> <p class="has-text-align-center">“It is widely agreed that (data) should be shared, but deciding when and with whom raises questions that are sometimes difficult to answer.”<a href="#_ftn1"><sup>[1]</sup></a></p> <p>Data sets held by commercial and government organizations are an increasingly necessary and valuable resource for researchers. Such data may become the evidence in evidence based policymaking<a href="#_ftn2"><sup>[2]</sup></a> or the data used to train artificial intelligence.<a href="#_ftn3"><sup>[3]</sup></a> Some large data sets are controlled by government agencies, non-governmental organizations or academic institutions, but many are being accumulated within the private sector. Academic researchers value access to this data as a way to measure any number of consumer, commercial, and scientific questions at a scale they are unable to reach using conventional research data gathering techniques alone.  Such data allows researchers access to information that allows them to answer questions on topics ranging from bias in targeted advertising, to the influence of misinformation on election outcomes, to early diagnosis of diseases through use of health and physiological data collected by fitness and health apps.</p> <p>The Future of Privacy Forum (FPF) is a longtime advocate for facilitating sharing of data by platforms, providers, apps, and services to the research community.  Beginning in 2015, we convened a workshop on “<a href="https://fpf.org/blog/conference-proceedings-beyond-irbs-designing-ethical-review-processes-big-data-research/">Beyond IRBs: Designing Ethical Review Processes for Big Data Research</a>,” followed by “<a href="https://fpf.org/blog/responsible-research-and-privacy-practices-workshop-generates-new-research-opportunities/">Bridging Industry and Academia to Tackle Responsible Research and Privacy Practices</a> (2017),” and have since supported the continuing engagement of academics and industry partners through our <a href="https://fpf.org/research-coordination-network/">Research Coordination Network</a>.  Whether through our work with policy advocates to support appropriate consideration for research data in emerging state legislation, or through our recent development of an <a href="https://fpf.org/blog/fpf-ethical-data-use-committee-will-support-research-relying-on-private-sector-data/">Ethical Data Use Committee</a>, FPF remains firmly committed to responsible data sharing for research.<a href="#_ftn4"><sup>[4]</sup></a> </p> <p>Recent attention on platform data sharing for research is only one conversation in the cacophony of cross-talk on data sharing.  There are many different uses of the term “data sharing” to describe a relationship between parties who share data from one organization to another organization for a new purpose.  Some uses of the term data sharing are related to academic and scientific research purposes, and some are related to transfer of data for commercial or government purposes. In this moment, where various types of data sharing are a concern elevated even to the attention of the US Congress and the European Commission<a href="#_ftn5"><sup>[5]</sup></a>, it is imperative that we are more precise which forms of sharing we are referencing so that the interests of the parties are adequately considered, and the various risks and benefits are appropriately contextualized and managed. In the table at bottom, we outline a taxonomy for the multiplicity of data sharing relationships.</p> <p>Ultimately, the relationships between these entities are complex.  In many cases, the relationship is 1-to-many, with a single agency or corporation sharing data with multiple researchers and civil society organizations or, as in the case with data trusts or data donation platforms, potentially one person sharing data with many research or commercial organizations through a trusted, intermediate, steward.<a href="#_ftn6"><sup>[6]</sup></a>  Likewise, researchers and civil society organizations may concurrently pursue data from multiple corporate or government organizations, in many cases for the ability to address those challenges that require extremely large quantities of data (Big Data) or complex networks of related data. This data flow is never just along a single channel, nor does it often stop after a single transfer. Governments and corporations share data with researchers; researchers return that data, generate new data, and share analysis and new questions and outcomes back around.</p> <p>Managing these complex relationships requires multi-layered contracts, defined procedures, accountability mechanisms, and other technical and policy controls. The terms for data sharing cover obligations that both parties have, including privacy, ethics, governance, and other good stewardship protocols. Changes in the legislative landscape around data protection, privacy, and security mean that these relationships must adjust periodically to meet legal compliance obligations, on the data sharing or data using side.</p> <p>At the Future of Privacy Forum, we are working to add context, nuance, and a considered evaluation of the needs of these many players to create guidelines and best practices to support data sharing, particularly for conduct of scientific and evidence-based policy research. What data is shared, under what conditions, controls, contracts, and use environments all have important privacy and governance implications. We have been actively working in this area since 2015, and continue to engage with various interested organizations around the challenges in today’s digital environment.  With respect to the sharing of data itself, FPF is focused on finding ways to incorporate proportionate precautions so that any sharing activities adequately protect privacy and are designed with the full understanding of potential harms to the people whose data is transferred or the communities of which they are a part.</p> <p></p> <figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Data Sharing Relationships</strong></td></tr><tr><td><em>Data Sharing Organization Type</em></td><td><em>Data Using Organization Type</em></td><td><em>Outcome of Data Sharing</em></td><td><em>Terms to Describe Data Sharing Relationship</em></td></tr><tr><td>Government Agencies</td><td>Researchers and Research Institutions</td><td>Researchers conduct evidence based evaluations of public programs</td><td>Administrative Data sharing<a href="#_ftn7"><sup>[7]</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>Government Agencies</td><td>Public Interest and Civil Society Organizations</td><td>Citizen scientists and journalists can evaluate public programs and hold government agencies accountable for actions and spending</td><td>Open Government Data<a href="#_ftn8"><sup>[8]</sup></a> or Data Transparency<a href="#_ftn9"><sup>[9]</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>Private Companies or Corporations</td><td>Researchers and Research Institutions</td><td>Researchers can evaluate the effects of products, processes, and practices at scale</td><td>Data for Good<a href="#_ftn10"><sup>[10]</sup></a>; Corporate Data Sharing<a href="#_ftn11"><sup>[11]</sup></a>, Data Altruism</td></tr><tr><td>Private Companies or Corporations</td><td>Public Interest and Civil Society Organizations</td><td>Citizen scientists and journalists can hold companies and corporations accountable;<br><br>Citizen scientists can conduct research necessary for community improvement</td><td>Data for Good<a href="#_ftn12"><sup>[12]</sup></a>, Data Altruism</td></tr><tr><td>Private Companies or Corporations</td><td>Private Companies or Corporations</td><td>Private Companies can share data between themselves to accomplish mutually beneficial goals, such as improving advertisement or customer segmentation</td><td>Data Sharing<a href="#_ftn13"><sup>[13]</sup></a> Sale of Data<a href="#_ftn14"><sup>[14]</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>Researchers and Research Institutions</td><td>Private Companies or Corporations</td><td>Researchers whose work is sponsored by corporations or who have privileged access to corporate data assets return data gathered for future corporate research and, in many cases, retain copies of that data for future scientific work</td><td>Return of research data<a href="#_ftn15"><sup>[15]</sup></a>, Data Exchange<a href="#_ftn16"><sup>[16]</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>Researchers and Research Institutions</td><td>Government Agencies</td><td>Researchers whose work is sponsored by or conducted under a government contract return data gathered for future agency research and, in many cases, retain copies of that data for future scientific work</td><td>Return of research data<a href="#_ftn17"><sup>[17]</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>Researchers and Research Institutions</td><td>Public Interest and Civil Society Organizations</td><td>Citizen groups, journalists, and communities of interest (e.g., patient advocacy groups) can gain access to data about themselves gathered during the research process so that they can use it for future treatment, advocacy, or research participation</td><td>Return of research data and/or research results<a href="#_ftn18"><sup>[18]</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>Researchers and Research Institutions</td><td>Researchers and Research Institutions</td><td>Researchers can reuse other researchers’ data or combine their primary and others’ secondary data to answer novel questions without having to put people at risk of research harms by conducting further research with them</td><td>Research Data Sharing<a href="#_ftn19"><sup>[19]</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>Researchers and Research Institutions</td><td>Archives and Repositories</td><td>Archives can collect the primary data from multiple researcher to streamline the process of acquiring data to answer novel questions by re-examining data and not putting people at risk for research related harms by conducting further research with them</td><td>Research Data Archiving<a href="#_ftn20"><sup>[20]</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>Data Stewardship bodies, such as Data Trusts or Data Donation Platforms</td><td>Researchers and Research Institutions; Government Agencies, Private Companies or Corporations</td><td>Individuals and groups share their data with others according to their interests as specified to and protected by a trusted, fiduciary, actor.</td><td>Data Trusts, Data Donation</td></tr></tbody></table></figure> <hr class="wp-block-separator"/> <p><a href="#_ftnref1"><sup>[1]</sup></a> HHS Office of Research Integrity, ORI Introduction to RCR. https://ori.hhs.gov/content/Chapter-6-Data-Management-Practices-Data-sharing</p> <p><a href="#_ftnref2"><sup>[2]</sup></a> H.R.4174 – 115th Congress (2017-2018): Foundations for Evidence-Based Policymaking Act of 2018. (2019, January 14). https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/4174</p> <p><a href="#_ftnref3"><sup>[3]</sup></a> “The Biden Administration Launches the National Artificial Intelligence Research Resource Task Force”. https://www.whitehouse.gov/ostp/news-updates/2021/06/10/the-biden-administration-launches-the-national-artificial-intelligence-research-resource-task-force/</p> <p><a href="#_ftnref4"><sup>[4]</sup></a> Goroff, Daniel, Jules Polonetsky, and Omer Tene. (2018). Privacy Protective Research: Facilitating Ethically Responsible Access to Administrative Data. The Annals of Political and Social Science, Vol 675, Issue 1, pp. 46-66. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716217742605.</p> <p>Harris, Leslie and Chinmayi Sharma. (2017). Understanding Corporate Data Sharing Decisions: Practices, Challenges, And Opportunities for Sharing Corporate Data with Researchers. Future of Privacy Forum. https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/FPF_Data_Sharing_Report_FINAL.pdf.</p> <p><a href="#_ftnref5"><sup>[5]</sup></a> European Commission. (2021). “A European Strategy for Data” https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/strategy-data</p> <p><a href="#_ftnref6"><sup>[6]</sup></a> Open Data Institute. (2020). “Data Trusts in 2020”. https://theodi.org/article/data-trusts-in-2020</p> <p><a href="#_ftnref7"><sup>[7]</sup></a> https://admindatahandbook.mit.edu/</p> <p><a href="#_ftnref8"><sup>[8]</sup></a> https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/open#:~:text=OPEN%20DATA,more%20 efficient%20and%20transparent%20government.</p> <p><a href="#_ftnref9"><sup>[9]</sup></a> https://fiscal.treasury.gov/data-transparency/</p> <p><a href="#_ftnref10"><sup>[10]</sup></a> https://www.sas.com/en_us/data-for-good.html</p> <p><a href="#_ftnref11"><sup>[11]</sup></a> https://fpf.org/blog/understanding-corporate-data-sharing-decisions-practices-challenges-and-opportunities-for-sharing-corporate-data-with-researchers/</p> <p><a href="#_ftnref12"><sup>[12]</sup></a> https://dataforgood.ca/</p> <p><a href="#_ftnref13"><sup>[13]</sup></a> https://www.gartner.com/smarterwithgartner/data-sharing-is-a-business-necessity-to-accelerate-digital-business</p> <p><a href="#_ftnref14"><sup>[14]</sup></a> https://www.fastcompany.com/90310803/here-are-the-data-brokers-quietly-buying-and-selling-your-personal-information</p> <p><a href="#_ftnref15"><sup>[15]</sup></a> https://www.jscdm.org/article/id/21/</p> <p><a href="#_ftnref16"><sup>[16]</sup></a> https://www.cdisc.org/standards/data-exchange</p> <p><a href="#_ftnref17"><sup>[17]</sup></a> <a href="https://www.sbir.gov/tutorials/data-rights/tutorial-2">https://www.sbir.gov/tutorials/data-rights/tutorial-2#</a>; https://www.wsgr.com/en/insights/dod-small-business-innovation-research-sbir-contractors-data-rights-protections-extended-to-20-years-government-rights-limited-thereafter.html</p> <p><a href="#_ftnref18"><sup>[18]</sup></a> https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/sachrp-committee/recommendations/attachment-b-return-individual-research-results/index.html</p> <p><a href="#_ftnref19"><sup>[19]</sup></a> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-21-013.html">https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-21-013.html</a>; https://osp.od.nih.gov/scientific-sharing/nih-data-management-and-sharing-activities-related-to-public-access-and-open-science/</p> <p><a href="#_ftnref20"><sup>[20]</sup></a> https://www.nsf.gov/sbe/ses/common/archive.jsp</p> <div class="single-footer"> <div class="single-footer__date"> <span>Published: </span> <span>Last Updated: November 3, 2022</span> </div> <div class="single-footer__tags post-tags"> Tags: <a href="https://fpf.org/tag/research-and-ethics/" rel="tag">Research & Ethics</a>, <a href="https://fpf.org/tag/youth-and-education-privacy/" rel="tag">Youth & Education Privacy</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sidebar"> <h2>Explore</h2> <div class='facetwp-template' style='display: none;'> <h2>The African Union’s Continental AI Strategy: Data Protection and Governance Laws Set to Play a Key Role in AI Regulation</h2><h2>U.S. Legislative Trends in AI-Generated Content: 2024 and Beyond</h2><h2>Processing of Personal Data for AI Training in Brazil: Takeaways from ANPD’s Preliminary Decisions in the Meta Case</h2><h2>Do LLMs Contain Personal Information? California AB 1008 Highlights Evolving, Complex Techno-Legal Debate</h2><h2>Future of Privacy Forum Convenes Over 200 State Lawmakers in AI Policy Working Group Focused on 2025 Legislative Sessions</h2><h2>Synthetic Content: Exploring the Risks, Technical Approaches, and Regulatory Responses</h2><h2>Out, Not Outed: Privacy for Sexual Health, Orientations, and Gender Identities</h2><h2>FPF Analysis of New Requirements for Generative AI Use by Healthcare Entities in Patient Communications </h2><h2>FPF Submits Comments to Inform New York Children’s Privacy Rulemaking Processes</h2><h2>Regulatory Strategies of Data Protection Authorities in the Asia-Pacific Region: 2024, and Beyond</h2></div> <div class="facetwp-facet facetwp-facet-search facetwp-type-search" data-name="search" data-type="search"></div> <h4>Issues</h4> <div class="facetwp-facet facetwp-facet-issues facetwp-type-checkboxes" data-name="issues" data-type="checkboxes"></div> <h4>authors</h4> <div class="facetwp-facet facetwp-facet-authors facetwp-type-checkboxes" data-name="authors" data-type="checkboxes"></div> <h4>dates</h4> <div class="facetwp-facet facetwp-facet-dates facetwp-type-checkboxes" data-name="dates" data-type="checkboxes"></div> <button class="fwp-submit main-btn" data-href="https://fpf.org/./blog/" style="display: none;">Submit</button>  </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fpf-authored-posts container" data-author-id="55329" data-page="1" id="blog"> <h2>Posts by Sara</h2> <div class="authored-posts-list fpf-authored-posts__list"> <div class="authored-post"> <a href="https://fpf.org/blog/overcoming-hurdles-to-effective-data-sharing-for-researchers/" class="authored-post__img"> <img width="300" height="169" src="https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/RDS-Blog-Post-1.13.22-300x169.png" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="rds blog post 1.13.22" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/RDS-Blog-Post-1.13.22-300x169.png 300w, https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/RDS-Blog-Post-1.13.22-1024x576.png 1024w, https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/RDS-Blog-Post-1.13.22-768x432.png 768w, https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/RDS-Blog-Post-1.13.22-1536x864.png 1536w, https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/RDS-Blog-Post-1.13.22-2048x1152.png 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> </a> <div class="authored-post__title"> <a href="https://fpf.org/blog/overcoming-hurdles-to-effective-data-sharing-for-researchers/">Overcoming Hurdles to Effective Data Sharing for Researchers</a> </div> <a href="https://fpf.org/blog/overcoming-hurdles-to-effective-data-sharing-for-researchers/" class="authored-post__more">Read More</a> </div> <div class="authored-post"> <a href="https://fpf.org/blog/data-sharing-by-any-other-name/" class="authored-post__img"> <img width="300" height="300" src="https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/knowledge-sharing-hero-1-300x300.jpeg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="knowledge sharing hero" decoding="async" srcset="https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/knowledge-sharing-hero-1-300x300.jpeg 300w, https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/knowledge-sharing-hero-1-150x150.jpeg 150w, https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/knowledge-sharing-hero-1-768x768.jpeg 768w, https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/knowledge-sharing-hero-1.jpeg 920w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> </a> <div class="authored-post__title"> <a href="https://fpf.org/blog/data-sharing-by-any-other-name/">Data Sharing … By Any Other Name</a> </div> <a href="https://fpf.org/blog/data-sharing-by-any-other-name/" class="authored-post__more">Read More</a> </div> <div class="authored-post"> <a href="https://fpf.org/blog/the-spectrum-of-ai-companion-to-the-fpf-ai-infographic/" class="authored-post__img"> <img width="249" height="300" src="https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Screen-Shot-2021-08-19-at-1.20.15-PM-249x300.png" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="Spectrum of AI Publication" decoding="async" srcset="https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Screen-Shot-2021-08-19-at-1.20.15-PM-249x300.png 249w, https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Screen-Shot-2021-08-19-at-1.20.15-PM-849x1024.png 849w, https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Screen-Shot-2021-08-19-at-1.20.15-PM-768x927.png 768w, https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Screen-Shot-2021-08-19-at-1.20.15-PM.png 1210w" sizes="(max-width: 249px) 100vw, 249px" /> </a> <div class="authored-post__title"> <a href="https://fpf.org/blog/the-spectrum-of-ai-companion-to-the-fpf-ai-infographic/">The Spectrum of AI: Companion to the FPF AI Infographic</a> </div> <a href="https://fpf.org/blog/the-spectrum-of-ai-companion-to-the-fpf-ai-infographic/" class="authored-post__more">Read More</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="view-more main-btn">View More</a> </div> </main> <section class="subscribe-form" id="subscribe"> <div class="subscribe-form__wrap container-fluid ibg _wrap-bg" style="background-color: #01b8fc; background-image: url(https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/photo-1525770041010-2a1233dd8152-e1608756295791.jpg);"> <div class="container"> <div class="subscribe-form__item "> <div class="gf_browser_chrome gform_wrapper" id="gform_wrapper_1"><form method="get" enctype="multipart/form-data" id="gform_1" action="/subscribe"> <div class="gform_heading"> <h3 class="gform_title">Stay Up to Date</h3> <span class="gform_description"><p>Subscribe to receive our monthly newsletter and information about upcoming events</p> </span> </div> <div class="gform_body"> <ul id="gform_fields_1" class="gform_fields top_label form_sublabel_below description_below"> <li id="field_1_1" class="gfield field_sublabel_below field_description_below hidden_label gfield_visibility_visible"> <label class="gfield_label" for="input_1_1">Email</label> <div class="ginput_container ginput_container_email"> <input name="email" id="input_1_1" type="text" value="" class="medium" aria-invalid="false"> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="gform_footer top_label"> <input type="submit" id="gform_submit_button_1" class="gform_button button" value="Let's Go"> </div> </form></div> </div> </div> </div> </section>  <footer class="footer"> <div class="container footer__container"> <div class="related-sites"> <div class="related-sites__title"> Related Sites </div> <ul id="menu-related-sites" class="related-sites__links"><li id="menu-item-26" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-26"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://techpolicy.org.il/">Israel Tech Policy Institute</a></li> <li id="menu-item-25" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://studentprivacycompass.org/">Student Privacy Compass</a></li> <li id="menu-item-237301" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-237301"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://studentprivacypledge.org/">Student Privacy Pledge</a></li> </ul> </div> <ul id="menu-social" class="footer__social"><li id="menu-item-30" class="x-twitter menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-30"><a title="X" target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://twitter.com/futureofprivacy"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" fill="currentColor"><path d="M389.2 48h70.6L305.6 224.2 487 464H345L233.7 318.6 106.5 464H35.8L200.7 275.5 26.8 48H172.4L272.9 180.9 389.2 48zM364.4 421.8h39.1L151.1 88h-42L364.4 421.8z"/></svg></a></li> <li id="menu-item-31" class="youtube menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-31"><a title="Youtube" target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.youtube.com/futureofprivacy">Youtube</a></li> <li id="menu-item-32" class="linkedin menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-32"><a title="LinkedIn" target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/the-future-of-privacy-forum">LinkedIn</a></li> <li id="menu-item-233398" class="instagram menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233398"><a title="Instagram" target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.instagram.com/futureofprivacy/">Instagram</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="container footer__container"> <div class="footer__logo"> <a href="">  <img src="https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/img/logo-footer-15th-anniversary.png" alt="FPF"> </a> </div> <ul id="menu-footer" class="footer__links"><li id="menu-item-33" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-33"><a href="/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-124581" class="optanon-show-settings menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-124581"><a>Cookie Preferences</a></li> <li id="menu-item-35" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-35"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution</a></li> </ul> </div> </footer> <div class="modal-search" id="search"> <div class="modal-search__wrap"> <form action="/" class="subscribe-form__form modal-search__form"> <input type="hidden" name="s"> <input type="text" name="_search" placeholder="Search" value=""> <button type="submit"><i class="fa fa-search" aria-hidden="true"></i></button> </form> </div> </div> <script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || []; _paq.push(['trackPageView']);_paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']);_paq.push(['alwaysUseSendBeacon']);_paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', "\/\/fpf.org\/wp-json\/matomo\/v1\/hit\/"]);_paq.push(['setSiteId', '1']);var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.type='text/javascript'; g.async=true; g.src="\/\/fpf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/matomo\/matomo.js"; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://fpf.org/wp-content/plugins/accordion-blocks/js/accordion-blocks.min.js?ver=1.5.0" id="pb-accordion-blocks-frontend-script-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://fpf.org/wp-content/themes/fpf/js/script.js?ver=1.0.0" id="fpf-costume-js"></script> <link href="https://fpf.org/wp-content/plugins/facetwp/assets/css/front.css?ver=4.3.3" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="https://fpf.org/wp-content/plugins/facetwp/assets/js/dist/front.min.js?ver=4.3.3"></script> <script src="https://fpf.org/wp-content/plugins/facetwp-submit/facetwp-submit.js?ver=4.3.3"></script> <script> window.FWP_JSON = {"prefix":"_","no_results_text":"No results found","ajaxurl":"https:\/\/fpf.org\/wp-json\/facetwp\/v1\/refresh","nonce":"ea9b4ba4c4","preload_data":{"facets":{"search":"<span class=\"facetwp-input-wrap\"><i class=\"facetwp-icon\"><\/i><input type=\"text\" class=\"facetwp-search\" value=\"\" placeholder=\"Enter keywords\" autocomplete=\"off\" \/><\/span>","issues":"<div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"global\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Global<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(216)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"education\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Youth & Education Privacy<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(140)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"us-legislation\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">U.S. Legislation<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(138)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"ai-ml\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Artificial Intelligence<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(109)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"research-and-ethics\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Research & Ethics<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(96)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-overflow facetwp-hidden\"><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"smart-communities\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Smart Communities<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(74)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"mobility-location\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Mobility & Location<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(53)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"health-data\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Health<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(50)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"ad-tech-guidance\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Ad Tech<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(48)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"deid\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">De-Identification<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(31)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"cybersecurity\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Cybersecurity<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(30)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"biometrics\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Biometrics<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(23)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"immersive-technologies\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Immersive Technologies<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(20)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"africa\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Africa<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(6)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"privacy-enhancing-technologies\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Privacy Enhancing Technologies<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(6)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"global-legislation\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Global Legislation<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(5)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"latam\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Latin America<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(5)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"open-banking\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Open Banking<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(5)<\/span><\/div><\/div><a class=\"facetwp-toggle\">See {num} more<\/a><a class=\"facetwp-toggle facetwp-hidden\">See less<\/a>","authors":"<div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"55648\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">FPF Staff<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(494)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"210\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Jules Polonetsky<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(142)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"55338\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Brenda Leong<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(108)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"55690\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Joseph Jerome<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(69)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"55320\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Stacey Gray<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(52)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-overflow facetwp-hidden\"><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"55364\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Gabriela Zanfir-Fortuna<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(37)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"55361\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Amelia Vance<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(31)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"55687\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">editor<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(31)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"55463\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Melanie E. Bates<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(25)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"161695\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Dominic Paulger<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(22)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"142001\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Keir Lamont<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(20)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"55358\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Rob van Eijk<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(20)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"57612\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Bailey Sanchez<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(18)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"76047\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Nancy Levesque<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(18)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"127247\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Daniel Berrick<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(17)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"55314\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Kelsey Finch<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(17)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"55352\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Pollyanna Sanderson<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(17)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"142897\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Tatiana Rice<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(17)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"55657\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Marianne Varkiani<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(15)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"123273\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">Sebasti\u00e3o Barros Vale<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(15)<\/span><\/div><\/div><a class=\"facetwp-toggle\">See {num} more<\/a><a class=\"facetwp-toggle facetwp-hidden\">See less<\/a>","dates":"<div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"2024\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">2024<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(88)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"2023\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">2023<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(83)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"2022\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">2022<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(104)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"2021\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">2021<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(78)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"2020\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">2020<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(119)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-overflow facetwp-hidden\"><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"2019\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">2019<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(79)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"2018\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">2018<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(75)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"2017\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">2017<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(99)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"2016\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">2016<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(95)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"2015\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">2015<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(54)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"2014\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">2014<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(70)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"2013\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">2013<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(55)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"2012\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">2012<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(83)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"2011\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">2011<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(89)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"2010\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">2010<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(106)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"2009\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">2009<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(173)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"facetwp-checkbox\" data-value=\"2008\"><span class=\"facetwp-display-value\">2008<\/span><span class=\"facetwp-counter\">(18)<\/span><\/div><\/div><a class=\"facetwp-toggle\">See {num} more<\/a><a class=\"facetwp-toggle facetwp-hidden\">See less<\/a>"},"template":"","settings":{"debug":{"query_args":{"post_type":"post","posts_per_page":10,"category_name":"blog","facetwp":true,"error":"","m":"","p":0,"post_parent":"","subpost":"","subpost_id":"","attachment":"","attachment_id":0,"name":"","pagename":"","page_id":0,"second":"","minute":"","hour":"","day":0,"monthnum":0,"year":0,"w":0,"tag":"","cat":"","tag_id":"","author":"","author_name":"","feed":"","tb":"","paged":1,"meta_key":"","meta_value":"","preview":"","s":null,"sentence":"","title":"","fields":"","menu_order":"","embed":"","category__in":[],"category__not_in":[],"category__and":[],"post__in":[],"post__not_in":[],"post_name__in":[],"tag__in":[],"tag__not_in":[],"tag__and":[],"tag_slug__in":[],"tag_slug__and":[],"post_parent__in":[],"post_parent__not_in":[],"author__in":[],"author__not_in":[],"search_columns":[]},"sql":"SELECT SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS wp_posts.ID\n\t\t\t\t\t FROM wp_posts LEFT JOIN wp_term_relationships ON (wp_posts.ID = wp_term_relationships.object_id)\n\t\t\t\t\t WHERE 1=1 AND ( \n wp_term_relationships.term_taxonomy_id IN (15,402)\n) AND ((wp_posts.post_type = 'post' AND (wp_posts.post_status = 'publish' OR wp_posts.post_status = 'acf-disabled')))\n\t\t\t\t\t GROUP BY wp_posts.ID\n\t\t\t\t\t ORDER BY wp_posts.post_date DESC\n\t\t\t\t\t LIMIT 0, 10","facets":{"search":{"enable_relevance":"yes","name":"search","label":"Search","type":"search","source":"","search_engine":"swp_default","placeholder":"","auto_refresh":"no","operator":"or","selected_values":""},"issues":{"name":"issues","label":"Issues","type":"checkboxes","source":"tax\/issue","parent_term":"","modifier_type":"off","modifier_values":"Ad Tech\nAI & Machine Learning\nBiometrics\nDe-Identification\nEthics\nGlobal\nHealth\nLegislation\nMobility & Location\nResearch\nSmart Communities\nYouth & Education Privacy","hierarchical":"no","show_expanded":"no","ghosts":"no","preserve_ghosts":"no","operator":"and","orderby":"count","count":"-1","soft_limit":"5","selected_values":[]},"authors":{"name":"authors","label":"Authors","type":"checkboxes","source":"acf\/field_5f02545433024","parent_term":"","modifier_type":"off","modifier_values":"","hierarchical":"no","show_expanded":"no","ghosts":"no","preserve_ghosts":"no","operator":"and","orderby":"count","count":"20","soft_limit":"5","selected_values":[]},"dates":{"name":"dates","label":"Dates","type":"checkboxes","source":"post_date","parent_term":"","modifier_type":"off","modifier_values":"","hierarchical":"no","show_expanded":"no","ghosts":"no","preserve_ghosts":"no","operator":"and","orderby":"display_value","count":"20","soft_limit":"5","selected_values":[]}},"template":{"name":"wp"},"settings":{"thousands_separator":",","decimal_separator":".","prefix":"_","load_jquery":"no","debug_mode":"on"},"last_indexed":"1 year","row_counts":{"authors":1968,"dates":2772,"event_time_since":123,"issues":1456,"new_facet":2772,"post_type":2772,"publication_types":881,"tags":1105},"hooks_used":{"pre_get_posts":["wp-content\/plugins\/wp-seopress-pro\/src\/Actions\/Sitemap\/RenderIndexSitemap.php:51","wp-content\/plugins\/searchwp\/includes\/Native.php:76","wp-content\/plugins\/wp-seopress\/src\/Actions\/Sitemap\/Render.php:72","wp-content\/plugins\/wp-seopress-pro\/src\/Actions\/Sitemap\/RenderNewsSitemap.php:51","wp-content\/plugins\/wp-seopress-pro\/src\/Actions\/Sitemap\/RenderVideoSitemap.php:50","wp-content\/themes\/fpf\/functions.php:145","wp-content\/themes\/fpf\/functions.php:479"],"facetwp_index_row":["wp-content\/themes\/fpf\/functions.php:628"],"facetwp_facet_orderby":["wp-content\/themes\/fpf\/functions.php:698"],"facetwp_preload_url_vars":["wp-content\/themes\/fpf\/functions.php:948"]},"post_types":["fpf-event","fpf_person","fpf_resource","page","post","uddf-event","uddf-topic"]},"pager":{"page":1,"per_page":10,"total_rows":1468,"total_pages":147},"num_choices":{"issues":18,"authors":20,"dates":17},"labels":{"search":"Search","issues":"Issues","authors":"Authors","dates":"Dates"},"search":{"auto_refresh":"no"},"issues":{"show_expanded":"no"},"authors":{"show_expanded":"no"},"dates":{"show_expanded":"no"}}},"expand":"[+]","collapse":"[-]"}; window.FWP_HTTP = {"get":[],"uri":"blog\/data-sharing-by-any-other-name","url_vars":[]}; </script> </body> </html>