CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Prison library - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"ec61b196-b09a-4c70-bc7b-4824e6f6e807","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Prison_library","wgTitle":"Prison library","wgCurRevisionId":1245790221,"wgRevisionId":1245790221,"wgArticleId":33889686,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Wikipedia articles with style issues from March 2012","All articles with style issues","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Libraries by type","Penal imprisonment","Types of library"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName": "Prison_library","wgRelevantArticleId":33889686,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q3318834","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile", "model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher", "ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Prison library - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prison_library"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prison_library"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Prison_library rootpage-Prison_library skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Prison+library" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Prison+library" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Prison+library" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Prison+library" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Role" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Role"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Role</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Role-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Challenges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Challenges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Challenges</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Challenges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_institutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_institutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>International institutions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_institutions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle International institutions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-International_institutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Canada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-China,_People's_Republic_of" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#China,_People's_Republic_of"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>China, People's Republic of</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-China,_People's_Republic_of-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-England_and_Wales" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#England_and_Wales"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>England and Wales</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-England_and_Wales-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-France" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#France"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>France</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-France-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Germany" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Germany"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Germany</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Germany-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Italy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Italy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Italy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Italy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Japan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.9</span> <span>Poland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.10</span> <span>Spain</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Role_of_libraries_in_lives_of_ex-prisoners" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Role_of_libraries_in_lives_of_ex-prisoners"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Role of libraries in lives of ex-prisoners</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Role_of_libraries_in_lives_of_ex-prisoners-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-American_Library_Association" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_Library_Association"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>American Library Association</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_Library_Association-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Prison library</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 10 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-10" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">10 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AC%D9%86" title="مكتبة السجن – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مكتبة السجن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_de_pres%C3%B3" title="Biblioteca de presó – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Biblioteca de presó" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gefangenenbibliothek" title="Gefangenenbibliothek – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gefangenenbibliothek" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%B8%CE%AE%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%82_%CF%86%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Βιβλιοθήκες φυλακών – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βιβλιοθήκες φυλακών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="کتابخانه زندان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کتابخانه زندان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_de_prison" title="Bibliothèque de prison – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bibliothèque de prison" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%91%E5%8B%99%E6%89%80%E5%9B%B3%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8" title="刑務所図書館 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="刑務所図書館" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Тюремная библиотека – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тюремная библиотека" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteka_e_burgut" title="Biblioteka e burgut – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Biblioteka e burgut" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Затворска библиотека – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Затворска библиотека" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3318834#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Prison_library" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Prison_library" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Prison_library"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Prison_library"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Prison_library" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Prison_library" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&oldid=1245790221" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Prison_library&id=1245790221&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPrison_library"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPrison_library"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Prison_library&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Prison_libraries" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3318834" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Library in a correctional facility</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Essay-like plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-essay-like" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>is written like a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_publisher_of_original_thought" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay</a></b> that states a Wikipedia editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit">help improve it</a> by rewriting it in an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Information_style_and_tone" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">encyclopedic style</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2012</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Libraries are provided in many <a href="/wiki/Prison" title="Prison">prisons</a>. Reading materials are provided in almost all federal and state correctional facilities in the United States. Libraries in federal prisons are controlled by the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Prisons" title="Federal Bureau of Prisons">Federal Bureau of Prisons</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Justice">U.S. Department of Justice</a>. State prison libraries are controlled by each state's own department of corrections.<sup id="cite_ref-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many local jails also provide library services through partnerships with local public libraries and community organizations.<sup id="cite_ref-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These resources may be limited, mostly provided through government sources.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Role">Role</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Role"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prison libraries serve both prisoners and the public by helping to educate prisoners, reduce <a href="/wiki/Recidivism" title="Recidivism">recidivism</a>, and improve family bonds through reading. </p><p>Research shows a correlation between education and reduced recidivism, and libraries play an important role in supporting education.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In fact, in some states, prisoners are sentenced to a literature discussion group in lieu of prison time. One such program, <a href="/wiki/Changing_Lives_Through_Literature" title="Changing Lives Through Literature">Changing Lives Through Literature</a> (CLTL), has been operating since 1991. The first CLTL group in Massachusetts had a 19 percent recidivism rate as compared to 42 percent in a control group.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Education allows inmates to obtain the skills they need to transition back into society once they are released and libraries can play in an important role in helping inmates learn these skills. Some programs prison libraries offer include, <a href="/wiki/GED" class="mw-redirect" title="GED">GED</a> instruction, literacy classes, life skills classes, typing instruction, and classes on how to use a library.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition to educational opportunities, prison libraries help prisoners have positive and meaningful contact with family. For example, the Jessup Correctional Institute in <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> started a program that provided books for prisoners to read to their children or grandchildren on visiting days.<sup id="cite_ref-NPR._2011_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPR._2011-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other prison libraries have programs in which prisoners are recorded reading stories, and the tapes and books, along with a coloring book and crayons, are sent to their child.<sup id="cite_ref-Greenway,_p._54_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Greenway,_p._54-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some inmates try to read the same materials their children are reading, so they have something to talk about with them.<sup id="cite_ref-NPR._2011_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPR._2011-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prison libraries provide a space for inmates to meet with others with common interests. Though funding is limited, some prison librarians are diligent in providing programming. Such programs include book clubs and community service projects.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many inmates utilize the library as a means of escape from the reality of their current situations. One of the many services provided by a prison librarian is to have conversation with the inmates regarding the reasons they are in their current situation, After which, the librarian will make catalog suggestions to the inmate that will give them guidance in future decision making.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Challenges">Challenges</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Challenges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Funding and space are two major challenges for prison libraries.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prison libraries are on the low end of budget priorities for prisons.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is difficult to provide up-to-date information and classes with a limited budget and space. Associated with limited budgets are time constraints. Some prison library staff feel they do not have the time to complete all of the tasks they need to because prison libraries are understaffed.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2019, technological developments such as the choice to transition to tablet-based led to prison elimination of law libraries in South Dakota and has threatened to end book donations to prisoners and their libraries in favor of charging prisoners for books available in e-book format.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another challenge is the <a href="/wiki/Literacy" title="Literacy">literacy</a> of inmates. For example, in the United States, "seventy-five percent of the state prison population did not complete high school or are classified as low literate".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other challenges include security risks. Some librarians feel like they are guards and other libraries are monitored by correctional officers.<sup id="cite_ref-Greenway,_p._57_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Greenway,_p._57-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Finally, some libraries have to deal with damage and theft of items.<sup id="cite_ref-Greenway,_p._57_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Greenway,_p._57-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A challenge in the development of prison libraries in the US came about in the Steven Hayes case, where library collection policies, and patron (prisoner) privacy came into question. It was suspected that Hayes' reading choices in his former prison "fueled his crimes".<sup id="cite_ref-policies_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-policies-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prosecutors in his case wanted to see Hayes' reading lists after he was convicted of the murder, kidnapping and sexual assault of members of the Petit family. This issue is contentious because according to normal library policies, patron privacy is a very serious matter, and the question of whether it changes within a prison library was highly debated. Conrad does not mention that any real rulings and/or concrete decisions have been reached as there are strong arguments both for maintaining prisoners' privacy, as with any other patron, and there are arguments for that information to be made available to ensure that there is no danger to the prisoner, prison population or general public.<sup id="cite_ref-policies_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-policies-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Censorship is another major challenge reported by prison libraries. The Federal Bureau of Prisons regulations state that publications can only be rejected if they are found to be "detrimental to the security, good order, or discipline of the institution or if it might facilitate criminal activity." However, prisons censor materials far beyond these guidelines.<sup id="cite_ref-Losowsky_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Losowsky-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Restrictions on the content of materials in prison libraries are imposed by prison authorities such as wardens, administrators, and security personnel, resulting in the infringement on prisoners' right to read.<sup id="cite_ref-Glennor_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glennor-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Both formal and informal processes of censorship occur in the prison, and there is significant variation in which materials are censored from one institution to the next."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_institutions">International institutions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: International institutions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Captive_browses_books_at_Camp_5_Guantanamo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Captive_browses_books_at_Camp_5_Guantanamo.jpg/220px-Captive_browses_books_at_Camp_5_Guantanamo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Captive_browses_books_at_Camp_5_Guantanamo.jpg/330px-Captive_browses_books_at_Camp_5_Guantanamo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Captive_browses_books_at_Camp_5_Guantanamo.jpg/440px-Captive_browses_books_at_Camp_5_Guantanamo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="655" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption>Library books, Guantanamo prison, 2011</figcaption></figure> <p>America has had prison libraries since 1790.<sup id="cite_ref-Rubin,_R._J._1973_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rubin,_R._J._1973-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first state prison library was established in 1802.<sup id="cite_ref-Rubin,_R._J._1973_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rubin,_R._J._1973-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the beginning of the 19th century prisons were usually operated by the clergy.<sup id="cite_ref-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The purpose of the library was to increase religious devotion and modify behaviour. In many prisons during this time period the library collection consisted only of the Bible and sometimes prayer books.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Lehmann (2011), "The main purpose of reading was believed to be strengthening of character, religious devotion, and what we today would call <a href="/wiki/Behavior_modification" title="Behavior modification">behavior modification</a>. By the mid-nineteenth century, penology (the study, theory, and practice of prison management and criminal rehabilitation) had become more scientific, and criminologists claimed that they knew the reasons for criminal behavior and, consequently, how to reform criminals."<sup id="cite_ref-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1870, during the Progressive Period and <a href="/wiki/Prison_reform" title="Prison reform">Prison Reform Movement</a>, the Prison Congress began calling for <a href="/wiki/Rehabilitation_(penology)" title="Rehabilitation (penology)">rehabilitation</a> of convicts instead of retribution, and education and rewards for good behaviour.<sup id="cite_ref-Rubin,_R._J._1973_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rubin,_R._J._1973-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The library was seen as an incentive and only contained items which furthered the reformative goals of the prison.<sup id="cite_ref-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first manual for prison libraries was published by the <a href="/wiki/American_Library_Association" title="American Library Association">American Library Association</a> in 1915.<sup id="cite_ref-Rubin,_R._J._1973_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rubin,_R._J._1973-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a> prison libraries were expanded.<sup id="cite_ref-Rubin,_R._J._1973_19-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rubin,_R._J._1973-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With a decline in industrial demands prisoners became idle and restless and libraries were seen as a way to occupy them. In 1930, a manual for prison libraries was published by the American Correctional Association. The library was believed to be wholesome recreation, which also supported education and mental health, and there was great growth in federal prison libraries for the next four decades.<sup id="cite_ref-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>State correctional facilities began to see growth in prison libraries in the 1970s when the <a href="/wiki/Library_Services_and_Construction_Act" title="Library Services and Construction Act">Library Services and Construction Act</a> was authorized by <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Congress</a>. In 1974, two Massachusetts cases – <i>Wolf v. McDonnell</i> and <i>Stone v. Boone</i> – mandated that prisons provide on-site libraries, which paved the way for <i><a href="/wiki/Bounds_v._Smith" title="Bounds v. Smith">Bounds v. Smith</a></i>, 430 U.S. 817 (1977).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Bounds v. Smith</i> ruled that prisons were required to provide access to people trained in law or <a href="/wiki/Law_library" title="Law library">law library</a> collections in order to meet the constitutional requirement of meaningful access to the courts. In 1996, <i>Lewis v. Casey</i>, 518 U.S. 343 (1996), limited the requirement placed on correctional facilities. Following <i>Lewis</i> many libraries reduced their collections.<sup id="cite_ref-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Lewis v. Casey</i> ruled that prisoners do not have an absolute right to a law library. Rather an inmate must show that he was unable to pursue a legal claim because of the inadequacy of the law library.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In other words, lack of an adequate law library caused the inmate actual injury. The ruling in <i>Lewis</i> makes it much more difficult to seek improvement to a prison's law library. As one court pointed out, the ability to litigate a claim of denial of access demonstrates that the inmate has no denial of access.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, some believe that <i>Lewis</i> is not as devastating as it appears to be and <i>Bounds v. Smith</i> still remains good law.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Post-<a href="/wiki/9/11" class="mw-redirect" title="9/11">9/11</a>, prison library budgets were slashed.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2013 the <a href="/wiki/Guantanamo_Bay_detention_camp" title="Guantanamo Bay detention camp">Guantanamo Bay detention camp</a> in Cuba has a library of some 18,000 books.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, there were 1,505,400 Federal and State prisoners in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The United States incarcerates more people than any other nation in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Librarians seeking to bring attention to books and voices that have been in the margins—living in poverty, on the streets, in custody—and that addresses the disproportionality of injustices experienced by BIPOC youth, honor these books with the annual "In the Margins Award."<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada">Canada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first prison library in Canada was formed in the 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1980s, the <a href="/wiki/Correctional_Service_of_Canada" title="Correctional Service of Canada">Correctional Service of Canada</a> commissioned two reports on institutional libraries throughout Canada, the analysis of which defined the role of prison libraries and made recommendations to support these roles.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, many of the challenges identified in these reports still exist, but many improvements were made until drastic budget and staffing cutbacks were made in 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-Ings_&_Joslin,_p._402_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ings_&_Joslin,_p._402-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While prison libraries are required to support all correctional programs, including education and access to legal and non-legal materials, they have not been spared budget cuts and are struggling to maintain existing programs.<sup id="cite_ref-Ings_&_Joslin,_p._402_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ings_&_Joslin,_p._402-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Often funds are spent on materials rather than staff.<sup id="cite_ref-Ings_&_Joslin,_p._402_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ings_&_Joslin,_p._402-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, progress has been made on publishing standards, and most institutional libraries have a procedures manual.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, they have been able to establish a Regional Multi-Lingual Collection and a Regional Aboriginal Collection, in response to the diversity of people within the prison system.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Finally, some progress has been made in getting library staff back and all new hires are required to be certified library technicians.<sup id="cite_ref-Ings_&_Joslin,_p._402_31-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ings_&_Joslin,_p._402-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="China,_People's_Republic_of"><span id="China.2C_People.27s_Republic_of"></span>China, People's Republic of</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: China, People's Republic of"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In prisons dedicated towards common (non-political) prisoners, the right to access reading material is guaranteed, conditional upon good behaviour, including satisfactory performance in duties assigned.<sup id="cite_ref-prc-prison-library_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-prc-prison-library-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" title="Cultural Revolution">Cultural Revolution</a>, however, camps operated by the <a href="/wiki/Reform_through_labour" class="mw-redirect" title="Reform through labour">reform through labour</a> program were not guaranteed reading materials beyond the works of <a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-prc-prison-library_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-prc-prison-library-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="England_and_Wales">England and Wales</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: England and Wales"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prisons are required by statute to have a <a href="/wiki/Library" title="Library">library</a> and permit all prisoners to access the library.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike most countries, prison libraries in <a href="/wiki/England_and_Wales" title="England and Wales">England and Wales</a> are required to staff a professional <a href="/wiki/Librarian" title="Librarian">librarian</a> and there are minimum staffing requirements.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The vision of the prison libraries is to provide services similar to those of public libraries.<sup id="cite_ref-Bowe,_p._431_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bowe,_p._431-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/CILIP" class="mw-redirect" title="CILIP">CILIP</a>'s Prison Library Group actively supports prison libraries in England and Wales through promotion, policy, advice, <a href="/wiki/Continuing_education" title="Continuing education">continuing education</a>, <a href="/wiki/Business_networking" title="Business networking">networking</a>, advocacy, mentoring, publishing, and involvement.<sup id="cite_ref-Bowe,_p._431_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bowe,_p._431-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 2005 and 2008 prison libraries' funding almost doubled.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prison libraries must meet required standards and are subject to inspection.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="France">France</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: France"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>France has had prison libraries since the mid-19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were established primarily through prison funds or donations made by prisoners.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, prison libraries are mandated by France's <a href="/wiki/Criminal_Procedure_Code" class="mw-redirect" title="Criminal Procedure Code">Criminal Procedure Code</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, according to Cramard, these libraries vary in size, location, inmate access time, etc. In addition, while all prisons are required to have a library there is no requirement for them to have a librarian and many have partnered with local public libraries to meet their needs.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"In order to introduce a larger audience to the institution libraries, the <a href="/wiki/SPIP" title="SPIP">SPIP</a> quickly took the initiative to develop a series of projects around books, literature, and writing."<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Projects include regularly scheduled workshops, such as writing skills classes, reading groups, reading workshops, and storytelling workshops, and one-time events, such as meetings with writers and illustrators and writing workshops.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, prison libraries are still a work-in-progress and the Prison Administration has declared that in 2008–2010 transforming prison libraries would be a priority.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Germany">Germany</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Germany"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prison libraries have existed in Germany since the 19th century and were run by the clergy.<sup id="cite_ref-Preacher_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Preacher-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The libraries contained religious materials from various denominations, which inmates were encouraged to read and discuss.<sup id="cite_ref-Preacher_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Preacher-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 20th century prison libraries were run by teachers.<sup id="cite_ref-Preacher_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Preacher-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was not until professional librarians began operating inside prison libraries that they began to really develop;<sup id="cite_ref-Preacher_47-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Preacher-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, not all German prison libraries employ a professional librarian.<sup id="cite_ref-Preacher_47-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Preacher-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The purpose of the prison library is to provide recreation, support education, and help with the personal development of inmates.<sup id="cite_ref-Preacher_47-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Preacher-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Every inmate has the right to access a library and most prisons have a library.<sup id="cite_ref-Preacher2_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Preacher2-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the law makes no specifics about the organization or contents of the library.<sup id="cite_ref-Preacher2_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Preacher2-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> And, economic troubles and the closing of the German Library Institute and Commission for Special User Groups have made it difficult for libraries to provide adequate services and the <a href="/wiki/Social_responsibility" title="Social responsibility">social responsibility</a> of libraries is rarely discussed.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But, Münster Correctional Facility Library's winning of the German Library Award has drawn attention to prison libraries and inspired many to be advocates for library services to those with <a href="/wiki/Special_needs" title="Special needs">special needs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Italy">Italy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Italy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prison libraries in Italy have been around since the beginning of the 20th century and were funded by donations.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, it was not until the 1970s, when Italy enacted a law to reform its prisons, did every prison become required to have a library.<sup id="cite_ref-Costanzo_p._510_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Costanzo_p._510-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, little in the law has changed since then, and libraries are operated by educators rather than professional librarians.<sup id="cite_ref-Costanzo_p._510_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Costanzo_p._510-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is quite a disparity between prison libraries in Italy, with some being very adequate and beautiful while others are barely operational, and still some prisons have no library at all.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The prison administration is responsible for the operation of prison libraries, services are provided by the <a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">government</a> or <a href="/wiki/Volunteering" title="Volunteering">volunteer</a> groups, and professional aspects are monitored by the university and the Italian Library Association.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A new interest by the central prison administration will hopefully lead to positive changes in the prison library system.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, according to Costanzo & Montecchi, Italy's prison libraries are still in need of a central organization for direction, monitoring, and standards. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japan">Japan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Japan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Japan prisons do not have librarians or a designated library space.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some reading materials are provided, but they are spread throughout the prison.<sup id="cite_ref-Nakane,_p._447_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nakane,_p._447-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is essentially no control over these materials, there are no partnerships with public libraries, and Japanese inmates prefer to obtain their reading materials through purchase or from friends and family.<sup id="cite_ref-Nakane,_p._447_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nakane,_p._447-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Japanese_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese law">Japanese law</a> mandates that inmates have access to reading materials and there is much regulation as to what reading materials inmates may possess and <a href="/wiki/Inspection" title="Inspection">inspection</a> procedures.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the only mention of a "prison library" is a provision requiring that the warden make reading materials available.<sup id="cite_ref-Nakane,_p._449_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nakane,_p._449-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are also policies and procedures regulating these materials.<sup id="cite_ref-Nakane,_p._449_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nakane,_p._449-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Education staff, not librarians, manage these collections.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poland">Poland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Poland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1989, Poland reformed its prison system from punitive to rehabilitative, which allowed for the development of prison libraries.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The goals of the prison libraries are related to the rehabilitation of inmates and, as such, collections are focused on materials that provide support for rehabilitative activities.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The extent of a library collection reflects how strongly the prison administration believes in reading's influence on rehabilitation, but actual titles are chosen by library staff.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The libraries are usually operated by education staff, not librarians.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While there are problems with Poland's prison libraries, such as limited space, cataloguing issues, and limited hours of access, there are dedicated employees within the system that value the role education and books play in rehabilitation and are helping to provide inmates with options for leisure activities and social development.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spain">Spain</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Spain"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the late 19th century the first schools, and libraries to support those schools, were opened in prisons in Spain.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current structure of prison libraries in Spain was developed in the 1970s, and <a href="/wiki/Spanish_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish law">Spanish law</a> requires that all correctional institutions have a library.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1999, libraries were removed from the education department and placed under the cultural department.<sup id="cite_ref-Pulido,_p._462_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pulido,_p._462-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is national support for prison libraries and many have seen growth in their collections, training for staff, and the collection of statistics.<sup id="cite_ref-Pulido,_p._462_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pulido,_p._462-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, there is still much room for improvement. Prison libraries are still in need of professional library staff, full separation from the education department so more library focused services, such as reference, are provided, and more cooperation and networking between libraries.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Role_of_libraries_in_lives_of_ex-prisoners">Role of libraries in lives of ex-prisoners</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Role of libraries in lives of ex-prisoners"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Libraries are important not only during the term of a prisoner's incarceration but also when the prisoner is released back into society. This is especially true of prisoners who have spent a long time incarcerated, as public libraries offer beneficial services. The Hartford Public Library, for example, offers ex-offender resources that include reentry and support services.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their website offers different links and resource information from employment help to family counseling. The Denver Public Library even offers to "sign off" on the time that ex-offenders spend in classes offered in job searching.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="American_Library_Association">American Library Association</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: American Library Association"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/American_Library_Association" title="American Library Association">American Library Association</a> (ALA) works to provide library services to incarcerated adults and their families in the United States. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ala.org/aboutala/governance/policymanual/updatedpolicymanual/section2/52libsvcsandrespon#B.8.2">ALA policy 8.2 (formerly 52.1)</a> states, "The American Library Association encourages public libraries and systems to extend their services to residents of jails and other detention facilities within their taxing areas." In addition, The Intellectual Freedom Committee has interpreted the <a href="/wiki/Library_Bill_of_Rights" title="Library Bill of Rights">Library Bill of Rights</a> to include Prisoners' Right to Read.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ALA_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ALA-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Special Interest Group, Library Services to the Justice Involved, provides support to those who serve patrons of any age who are held in jail, prison, detention or immigration facility.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2024 <i>Standards for Library Services for the Incarcerated or Detained</i> was published.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>American Library Association. <i>Standards for Library Services for the Incarcerated or Detained.</i> Chicago, 2024.</li> <li>Austin, Jeanie. (2022). <i>Library Services and Incarceration: Recognizing Barriers Strengthening Access.</i> Chicago: ALA Neal-Schuman.</li> <li>Bowe, C. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/18743/59.3.bowe.pdf?sequence=3">Recent trends in UK prison libraries</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Library_Trends" title="Library Trends">Library Trends</a></i>, 59(3), p. 427–445.</li> <li>Clark, Sheila, and Erica MacCreaigh. (2006). <i>Library services to the incarcerated: applying the public library model in correctional facility libraries.</i> Westport, Conn: <a href="/wiki/Libraries_Unlimited" class="mw-redirect" title="Libraries Unlimited">Libraries Unlimited</a>.</li> <li>Conrad Suzanna. 2017. <i>Prison Librarianship Policy and Practice.</i> Jefferson North Carolina: McFarland & Company Inc.</li> <li>Costanzo, E. & Montecchi, G. (2011). Prison libraries in Italy. <i>Library Trends</i>, 59(3), p. 509–519.</li> <li>Cramard, O. (2011). The long development of prison libraries in France. <i>Library Trends</i>, 59(3), p. 544–562.</li> <li>Curry, A., Wolf, K., Boutilier, S., & Chan, H. (2003). Canadian federal prison libraries: A national survey. <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Librarianship_and_Information_Science" title="Journal of Librarianship and Information Science">Journal of Librarianship and Information Science</a></i>, 35(3), p. 141–152.</li> <li>Darby, L. T. (2004). Libraries in the American penal system. <i>Rural Libraries</i>, 24(2), p. 7–20.</li> <li>Garner J. "Fifty Years of Prison Library Scholarly Publishing: A Literature Analysis." <i>Library Quarterly</i>. 2022;92(3):241-258.</li> <li>Gerken, J. L. (2003). Does Lewis v. Casey spell the end to court-ordered improvement of prison law libraries? <i><a href="/wiki/Law_Library_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Law Library Journal">Law Library Journal</a></i>, 95(4), p. 491–513.</li> <li>Greenway, S. A. (2007). Library services behind bars. <i>Bookmobile Outreach Services</i>, 10(2), p. 43–61.</li> <li>Ings, C. & Joslin, J. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/18741/59.3.ings.pdf?sequence=3">Correctional Service of Canada Prison Libraries from 1980 to 2010</a>. <i>Library Trends</i>, 59(3), p. 386–408.</li> <li>Higgins Nick. 2017. <i>Get Inside : Responsible Jail and Prison Library Service.</i> Chicago Illinois: Public Library Association a division of the American Library Association.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_the_Margins_Award" title="In the Margins Award">In the Margins Award</a>- Annual Award for books that address the disproportionality of injustices experienced by BIPOC youth.</li> <li>Lehmann, V. (2011). Challenges and accomplishments in U.S. prison libraries. <i>Library Trends</i>, 59(3), p. 490–508.</li> <li>McCook, de la Peña K. (2004). Public Libraries and People in Jail. <i><a href="/wiki/Reference_and_User_Services_Quarterly" title="Reference and User Services Quarterly">Reference and User Services Quarterly</a></i>, 44(1), 26–30</li> <li>Marshall, A. M. J. (2011). Library services in correctional settings. <i>Information Outlook</i>, 15(1), p. 24–26.</li> <li>Nakane, K. (2011). "Prison libraries" in Japan: The current situation of access to books and reading in correctional institutions. <i>Library Trends</i>, 59(3), p. 446–459.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a>. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2011/05/29/136765589/prison-library-offers-a-place-to-escape">Prison library offers place to escape</a>.</li> <li>Peschers, G. (2011). Books open worlds for people behind bars: Library services in prison as exemplified by the Münster Prison Library, Germany's "Library of the Year 2007." <i>Library Trends</i>, 59(3), p. 520–543.</li> <li>Pulido, M. P. (2011). Library services in Spanish prisons: Current state of affairs. <i>Library Trends</i>, 59(3), p. 460–472.</li> <li>Rubin, R. J. (1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/3853/gslisoccasionalpv00000i00110.pdf?sequence=1">U.S. prison library services and their theoretical bases</a>. Occasional Papers, No. 110.</li> <li>Rubin Rhea Joyce and Daniel Suvak. 1995. <i>Libraries Inside: A Practical Guide for Prison Librarians</i>. Jefferson N.C: McFarland.</li> <li>Sussman, D. B. (2014). Reading Reduces Recidivism: Getting Books to Prison Libraries. <i>ILA Reporter, 32</i>(6), 4-7.</li> <li>Vogel Brenda. 1995. <i>Down for the Count: A Prison Library Handbook.</i> Metuchen N.J: Scarecrow Press.</li> <li>Zybert, E. B. (2011). Prison libraries in Poland: Partners in rehabilitation, culture, and education. <i>Library Trends</i>, 59(3), p. 409–426.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miriam_E._Carey" title="Miriam E. Carey">Miriam Eliza Carey</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 33em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lehmann,_V._2011_p._490_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLehmann2011" class="citation journal cs1">Lehmann, Vibeke (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2142/18747">"Challenges and accomplishments in U.S. prison libraries"</a>. <i>Library Trends</i>. <b>59</b> (3): 490–508. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Flib.2011.0001">10.1353/lib.2011.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2142%2F18747">2142/18747</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:28736656">28736656</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Library+Trends&rft.atitle=Challenges+and+accomplishments+in+U.S.+prison+libraries&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=490-508&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2142%2F18747&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A28736656%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Flib.2011.0001&rft.aulast=Lehmann&rft.aufirst=Vibeke&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F2142%2F18747&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRabinaDrabinski2015" class="citation web cs1">Rabina, Debbie; Drabinski, Emily (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcommons.liu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1016&context=brooklyn_libfacpubs">"Reference services to incarcerated people, Part II: sources and learning outcomes"</a>. Long Island University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Reference+services+to+incarcerated+people%2C+Part+II%3A+sources+and+learning+outcomes&rft.pub=Long+Island+University&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Rabina&rft.aufirst=Debbie&rft.au=Drabinski%2C+Emily&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcommons.liu.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1016%26context%3Dbrooklyn_libfacpubs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marshall, A. M. J. (2011). Library services in correctional settings. Information Outlook, 15(1), p. 24–26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sussman, D. B. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ila.org/content/documents/reporter-2014-12.pdf">Reading Reduces Recidivism: Getting Books to Prison Libraries</a>. ILA Reporter, 32(6), p. 7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreenway2001" class="citation web cs1">Greenway, Sandra Annette (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210320200640/https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.606.5137&rep=rep1&type=pdf">"Library Services Behind Bars"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CiteSeerX_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="CiteSeerX (identifier)">CiteSeerX</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.606.5137">10.1.1.606.5137</a></span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.606.5137&rep=rep1&type=pdf">the original</a> on 20 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Library+Services+Behind+Bars&rft.date=2001&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fsummary%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.606.5137%23id-name%3DCiteSeerX&rft.aulast=Greenway&rft.aufirst=Sandra+Annette&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fdownload%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.606.5137%26rep%3Drep1%26type%3Dpdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bookmobile Outreach Services, 10(2), p. 43–61.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NPR._2011-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NPR._2011_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NPR._2011_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">NPR. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2011/05/29/136765589/prison-library-offers-a-place-to-escape">Prison library offers place to escape</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Greenway,_p._54-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Greenway,_p._54_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Greenway, p. 54)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publiclibrariesonline.org/2017/10/a-day-in-the-life-of-a-prison-librarian/">"A Day in the Life of a Prison Librarian » Public Libraries Online"</a>. <i>publiclibrariesonline.org</i>. 20 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-04-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=publiclibrariesonline.org&rft.atitle=A+Day+in+the+Life+of+a+Prison+Librarian+%C2%BB+Public+Libraries+Online&rft.date=2017-10-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpubliclibrariesonline.org%2F2017%2F10%2Fa-day-in-the-life-of-a-prison-librarian%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Greenway, p. 55–56)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Greenway, p. 56)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinkelBertram2019" class="citation web cs1">Finkel, Mack; Bertram, Wanda (March 7, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.prisonpolicy.org/blog/2019/03/07/free-tablets/">"More states are signing harmful "free prison tablet" contracts"</a>. <i>Prison Policy Initiative</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Prison+Policy+Initiative&rft.atitle=More+states+are+signing+harmful+%22free+prison+tablet%22+contracts&rft.date=2019-03-07&rft.aulast=Finkel&rft.aufirst=Mack&rft.au=Bertram%2C+Wanda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.prisonpolicy.org%2Fblog%2F2019%2F03%2F07%2Ffree-tablets%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publiclibrariesonline.org/2016/07/programming-in-prison-libraries/">"Programming in Prison Libraries » Public Libraries Online"</a>. 28 July 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Programming+in+Prison+Libraries+%C2%BB+Public+Libraries+Online&rft.date=2016-07-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpubliclibrariesonline.org%2F2016%2F07%2Fprogramming-in-prison-libraries%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Greenway,_p._57-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Greenway,_p._57_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Greenway,_p._57_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">(Greenway, p. 57)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-policies-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-policies_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-policies_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConrad2012" class="citation journal cs1">Conrad, Suzanna (October 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/667435">"Collection Development and Circulation Policies in Prison libraries: An Exploratory Survey of Librarians in US Correctional Institutions"</a>. <i>The Library Quarterly</i>. <b>82</b> (4): 407–427. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F667435">10.1086/667435</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10211.3%2F90711">10211.3/90711</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145095437">145095437</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Library+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Collection+Development+and+Circulation+Policies+in+Prison+libraries%3A+An+Exploratory+Survey+of+Librarians+in+US+Correctional+Institutions&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=407-427&rft.date=2012-10&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10211.3%2F90711&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145095437%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F667435&rft.aulast=Conrad&rft.aufirst=Suzanna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.uchicago.edu%2Fdoi%2F10.1086%2F667435&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Losowsky-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Losowsky_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLosowsky2011" class="citation web cs1">Losowsky, Andrew (3 October 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/10/02/prison-books-ban_n_991494.html">"Prison Books Ban: The Censorship Scandal Inside America's Jails"</a>. <i>The Huffington Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=Prison+Books+Ban%3A+The+Censorship+Scandal+Inside+America%27s+Jails&rft.date=2011-10-03&rft.aulast=Losowsky&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2F2011%2F10%2F02%2Fprison-books-ban_n_991494.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Glennor-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Glennor_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShirley" class="citation web cs1">Shirley, Glennor. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160423203123/http://olos.ala.org/columns/?p=100">"Censorship and Prison Libraries"</a>. <i>Diversity & Outreach Columns. ALA's Office for Diversity, Literacy, and Outreach Services</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olos.ala.org/columns/?p=100">the original</a> on 23 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Diversity+%26+Outreach+Columns.+ALA%27s+Office+for+Diversity%2C+Literacy%2C+and+Outreach+Services&rft.atitle=Censorship+and+Prison+Libraries&rft.aulast=Shirley&rft.aufirst=Glennor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Folos.ala.org%2Fcolumns%2F%3Fp%3D100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArford2013" class="citation thesis cs1">Arford, Tammi (July 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://repository.library.northeastern.edu/files/neu:1905/fulltext.pdf"><i>Captive Knowledge: Censorship and Control in Prison Libraries</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Thesis). <a href="/wiki/Northeastern_University" title="Northeastern University">Northeastern University</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Captive+Knowledge%3A+Censorship+and+Control+in+Prison+Libraries&rft.inst=Northeastern+University&rft.date=2013-07&rft.aulast=Arford&rft.aufirst=Tammi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frepository.library.northeastern.edu%2Ffiles%2Fneu%3A1905%2Ffulltext.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rubin,_R._J._1973-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rubin,_R._J._1973_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rubin,_R._J._1973_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rubin,_R._J._1973_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rubin,_R._J._1973_19-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rubin,_R._J._1973_19-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRubin1973" class="citation web cs1">Rubin, Rhea Joyce (December 1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/3853/gslisoccasionalpv00000i00110.pdf?sequence=1">"U.S. prison library services and their theoretical bases"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+prison+library+services+and+their+theoretical+bases&rft.pub=University+of+Illinois+at+Urbana-Champaign&rft.date=1973-12&rft.aulast=Rubin&rft.aufirst=Rhea+Joyce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ideals.illinois.edu%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F2142%2F3853%2Fgslisoccasionalpv00000i00110.pdf%3Fsequence%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFfreeman2003" class="citation book cs1">freeman, Robert (2003). <i>Libraries to the people: Histories of Outreach</i>. McFarland & Company. p. 114. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7864-1359-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-7864-1359-X"><bdi>0-7864-1359-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Libraries+to+the+people%3A+Histories+of+Outreach&rft.pages=114&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Company&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-7864-1359-X&rft.aulast=freeman&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClarkMacCreaigh2006" class="citation book cs1">Clark, Sheila; MacCreaigh, Erica (2006). <i>Library services to the incarcerated: applying the public library model in correctional facility libraries</i>. Westport, Conn: Libraries Unlimited. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780313090615" title="Special:BookSources/9780313090615"><bdi>9780313090615</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Library+services+to+the+incarcerated%3A+applying+the+public+library+model+in+correctional+facility+libraries&rft.place=Westport%2C+Conn&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Libraries+Unlimited&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780313090615&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Sheila&rft.au=MacCreaigh%2C+Erica&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gerken, J. L. (2003). Does Lewis v. Casey spell the end to court-ordered improvement of prison law libraries? Law Library Journal, 95(4), p. 491–513.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Gerken, p. 500)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVogel2009" class="citation book cs1">Vogel, Brenda (2009). <i>The prison library primer: a program for the twenty-first century</i>. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press. p. 5. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810867437" title="Special:BookSources/9780810867437"><bdi>9780810867437</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+prison+library+primer%3A+a+program+for+the+twenty-first+century&rft.place=Lanham%2C+Md.&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780810867437&rft.aulast=Vogel&rft.aufirst=Brenda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharlie_Savage2013" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Savage_(author)" title="Charlie Savage (author)">Charlie Savage</a> (June 11, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/16/books/review/prison-library-at-guantanamo.html">"Invisible Men"</a>. <i>New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Invisible+Men&rft.date=2013-06-11&rft.au=Charlie+Savage&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F06%2F16%2Fbooks%2Freview%2Fprison-library-at-guantanamo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=6187">"Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) - Prisoners in 2016"</a>. <i>www.bjs.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-04-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bjs.gov&rft.atitle=Bureau+of+Justice+Statistics+%28BJS%29+-+Prisoners+in+2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bjs.gov%2Findex.cfm%3Fty%3Dpbdetail%26iid%3D6187&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McCook, K. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20864283">Public Libraries and People in Jail</a>. Reference and User Services Quarterly, 44(1), 26–30</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inthemarginssite.blog/">In the Margins</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Curry, Wolf, Boutilier, & Chan, 2003, p. 141)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Ings & Joslin, p. 389)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ings_&_Joslin,_p._402-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ings_&_Joslin,_p._402_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ings_&_Joslin,_p._402_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ings_&_Joslin,_p._402_31-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ings_&_Joslin,_p._402_31-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">(Ings & Joslin, p. 402)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Ings & Joslin, p. 403)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Ings & Joslin, p. 406)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-prc-prison-library-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-prc-prison-library_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-prc-prison-library_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Chinese+and+western+prisons--similarities+and+differences,+Part+2.-a0164869522">"Chinese and western prisons--similarities and differences, Part 2"</a>. <i>The Free Library</i>. American Correctional Association, Inc. 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Free+Library&rft.atitle=Chinese+and+western+prisons--similarities+and+differences%2C+Part+2.&rft.date=2007&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefreelibrary.com%2FChinese%2Band%2Bwestern%2Bprisons--similarities%2Band%2Bdifferences%2C%2BPart%2B2.-a0164869522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Bowe, 2011, p. 429)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Bowe, p. 430)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bowe,_p._431-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bowe,_p._431_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bowe,_p._431_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">(Bowe, p. 431)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Bowe, p. 433)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Bowe, p. 434)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Cramard, 2011, p. 544)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Cramard, p. 545)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Cramard, p. 551)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Cramard, p. 553)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Cramard, p. 555)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Cramard, p. 556-7)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Cramard, p. 558)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Preacher-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Preacher_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Preacher_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Preacher_47-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Preacher_47-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Preacher_47-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Preacher_47-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">(Peschers, 2011, p. 521)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Preacher2-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Preacher2_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Preacher2_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">(Peschers, p. 522)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Peschers, p. 523)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Peschers, p. 539)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Costanzo & Montecchi, 2011, p. 510)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Costanzo_p._510-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Costanzo_p._510_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Costanzo_p._510_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">(Costanzo & Montecchi, p. 510)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Costanzo & Montecchi, p. 512)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Costanzo & Montecchi, p. 514)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Costanzo & Montecchi, p. 513)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Nakane, 2011, p. 446-7)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nakane,_p._447-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nakane,_p._447_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nakane,_p._447_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">(Nakane, p. 447)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Nakane, p. 448-9)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nakane,_p._449-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nakane,_p._449_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nakane,_p._449_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">(Nakane, p. 449)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Nakane, p. 453)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Zybert, 2011, p. 410)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Zybert, p. 412)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Zybert, p. 413)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Zybert, p. 417)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Zybert, p. 424)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Pulido, 2011, p. 461)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Pulido, p. 461)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pulido,_p._462-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pulido,_p._462_68-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pulido,_p._462_68-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">(Pulido, p. 462)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Pulido, p. 468)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hplct.org/library-services/adults/ex-offender-resources">"Ex-Offender Services | Hartford Public Library"</a>. <i>www.hplct.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-07-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.hplct.org&rft.atitle=Ex-Offender+Services+%7C+Hartford+Public+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hplct.org%2Flibrary-services%2Fadults%2Fex-offender-resources&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.denverlibrary.org/resources-ex-offenders">"Resources for Ex-Offenders"</a>. <i>www.denverlibrary.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-07-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.denverlibrary.org&rft.atitle=Resources+for+Ex-Offenders&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.denverlibrary.org%2Fresources-ex-offenders&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100722182843/http://www.ifmanual.org/prisoners">"Prisoners' Right to Read | Intellectual Freedom Manual 8"</a>. 2010-07-22. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ifmanual.org/prisoners">the original</a> on 2010-07-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Prisoners%27+Right+to+Read+%7C+Intellectual+Freedom+Manual+8&rft.date=2010-07-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ifmanual.org%2Fprisoners&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ALA-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ALA_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ala.org/tools/atoz/prison-libraries">"Prison Libraries"</a>. <i>American Library Association</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Library+Association&rft.atitle=Prison+Libraries&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ala.org%2Ftools%2Fatoz%2Fprison-libraries&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrison+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ala.org/advocacy/diversity/services-incarcerated">Library Services to the Justice Involved</a>. American Library Association. American Library Association.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">American Library Association, American Library Association Standards for Library Services for the Incarcerated or Detained Working Group, American Library Association Council Committee on Diversity, American Library Association Office for Diversity, Literacy, and Outreach Services, San Francisco Public Library Jail and Reentry Services, and Association of Specialized and Cooperative Library Agencies. 2024. <i>Standards for Library Services for the Incarcerated or Detained.</i> Edited by Erin Boyington, Randall Horton, Eldon Ray James, Sharaya Olmeda, and Victoria Van Hyning. 2024 revised edition. Chicago: American Library Association.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Prison_libraries" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Prison libraries">Prison libraries</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libguides.ala.org/PrisonLibraries">Libraries and Incarceration</a>, American Library Association, 2023.</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ifla.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/assets/hq/publications/professional-report/92.pdf">Guidelines for library services to prisoners</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Library_Associations_and_Institutions" title="International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions">IFLA</a></li> <li><b><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.library.illinois.edu/ala/2014/04/21/library-service-prisoners-1936-39/">Library Service to Prisoners, 1936-39</a></b></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Incarceration" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Incarceration" title="Template:Incarceration"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Incarceration" title="Template talk:Incarceration"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Incarceration" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Incarceration"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Incarceration" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Imprisonment" title="Imprisonment">Incarceration</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Science</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Criminology" title="Criminology">Criminology</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Penology" title="Penology">Penology</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_healthcare" title="Prison healthcare">Prison healthcare</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Punishment" title="Punishment">Punishment</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stanford_prison_experiment" title="Stanford prison experiment">Stanford prison experiment</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prisoner" title="Prisoner">Prisoners</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Convict" title="Convict">Convict</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Crime" title="Crime">Criminal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Detention_(imprisonment)" title="Detention (imprisonment)">Detainee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hostage" title="Hostage">Hostage</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Political_prisoner" title="Political prisoner">Political prisoner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_conscience" title="Prisoner of conscience">Prisoner of conscience</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war">Prisoner of war</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">Slave</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prison" title="Prison">Prisons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Black_site" title="Black site">Black site</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Corrective_labor_colony" title="Corrective labor colony">Corrective labor colony</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Debtors%27_prison" title="Debtors' prison">Debtors'</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Extermination_camp" title="Extermination camp">Extermination camp</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_farm" title="Prison farm">Farm</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Internment" title="Internment">Internment</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_island" title="Prison island">Island</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Labor_camp" title="Labor camp">Labor camp</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Labour_battalion" title="Labour battalion">Battalion</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chain_gang" title="Chain gang">Chain gang</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Military_prison" title="Military prison">Military</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Penal_colony" title="Penal colony">Penal colony</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prisoner-of-war_camp" title="Prisoner-of-war camp">Prisoner-of-war camp</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Private_prison" title="Private prison">Private</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_ship" title="Prison ship">Ship</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Youth_detention_center" title="Youth detention center">Youth detention center</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Security levels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/House_arrest" title="House arrest">House arrest</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_detention" title="Administrative detention">Administrative detention</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Open_prison" title="Open prison">Open</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison#Security_levels" title="Prison">Maximum security</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Supermax_prison" title="Supermax prison">Supermax</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Death_row" title="Death row">Death row</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_cell" title="Prison cell">Cell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_cemetery" title="Prison cemetery">Cemetery</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_commissary" title="Prison commissary">Commissary</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_food" title="Prison food">Food</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Library</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_nursery" title="Prison nursery">Nursery</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_officer" title="Prison officer">Officer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sally_port" title="Sally port">Sally port</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trusty_system_(prison)" title="Trusty system (prison)">Trusty system</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_warden" title="Prison warden">Warden</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Prison_escape" title="Prison escape">Escape</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_prison_escapes" title="List of prison escapes">Prison escapes</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_helicopter_prison_escapes" title="List of helicopter prison escapes">Helicopter</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_prisoner-of-war_escapes" title="List of prisoner-of-war escapes">Prisoner-of-war escapes</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_art" title="Prison art">Art</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_film" title="Prison film">Film</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_gang" title="Prison gang">Gang</a> </span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_gangs_in_the_United_States" title="Prison gangs in the United States">United States</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_literature" title="Prison literature">Literature</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/American_prison_literature" title="American prison literature">American</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_ring" title="Prison ring">Ring</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_slang" title="Prison slang">Slang</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_tattooing" title="Prison tattooing">Tattooing</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Social issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prisoner_abuse" title="Prisoner abuse">Abuse</a> </span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prisoner_abuse_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Prisoner abuse in the United States">United States</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_contemplative_programs" title="Prison contemplative programs">Contemplative programs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_education" title="Prison education">Education</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jailhouse_informants" class="mw-redirect" title="Jailhouse informants">Informants</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_people_in_prison" title="LGBTQ people in prison">LGBTQ</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mentally_ill_people_in_United_States_jails_and_prisons" title="Mentally ill people in United States jails and prisons">Mentally ill people in the United States</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phones_in_prison" title="Mobile phones in prison">Mobile phones</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pay-to-stay_(imprisonment)" title="Pay-to-stay (imprisonment)">Pay-to-stay</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Prison overcrowding</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_overcrowding_in_the_United_States" title="Prison overcrowding in the United States">United States</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Private_prison" title="Private prison">Private prisons</a> </span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Incarceration_in_the_United_States#Privatization" title="Incarceration in the United States">United States</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Protective_custody" title="Protective custody">Protective custody</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_rape" title="Prison rape">Rape</a> </span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_rape_in_the_United_States" title="Prison rape in the United States">United States</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_religion" title="Prison religion">Religion</a> </span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_United_States_prisons" title="Religion in United States prisons">United States</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_riot" title="Prison riot">Riots</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_sexuality" title="Prison sexuality">Sexuality</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Solitary_confinement" title="Solitary confinement">Solitary confinement</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_strike" title="Prison strike">Strikes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prisoner_suicide" title="Prisoner suicide">Suicide</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_violence" title="Prison violence">Violence</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Incarceration_of_women" title="Incarceration of women">Women in prison</a> </span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Incarceration_of_women_in_the_United_States" title="Incarceration of women in the United States">United States</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Association_for_the_Protection_and_Assistance_of_the_Convicted" title="Association for the Protection and Assistance of the Convicted">Association for the Protection and Assistance of the Convicted</a> (Brazil)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Black_and_Pink" title="Black and Pink">Black and Pink</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Florida_Justice_Institute" title="Florida Justice Institute">Florida Justice Institute</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Network_of_Prison_Ministries" title="International Network of Prison Ministries">International Network of Prison Ministries</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Justice_Action" title="Justice Action">Justice Action</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Justice_Defenders" title="Justice Defenders">Justice Defenders</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Tamalpais_College" title="Mount Tamalpais College">Mount Tamalpais College</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/POA_(trade_union)" title="POA (trade union)">POA</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_abolition_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Prison abolition movement">Prison abolition movement</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_Advice_and_Care_Trust" title="Prison Advice and Care Trust">Prison Advice and Care Trust</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison-Ashram_Project" title="Prison-Ashram Project">Prison-Ashram Project</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_Fellowship" title="Prison Fellowship">Prison Fellowship</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_Fellowship_International" title="Prison Fellowship International">Prison Fellowship International</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Prison_Legal_News" title="Prison Legal News">Prison Legal News</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_Officers%27_Association_(Ireland)" title="Prison Officers' Association (Ireland)">Prison Officers' Association (Ireland)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Prison_Phoenix_Trust" title="The Prison Phoenix Trust">The Prison Phoenix Trust</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_Radio" title="Prison Radio">Prison Radio</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prison_Reform_Trust" title="Prison Reform Trust">Prison Reform Trust</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/WriteAPrisoner.com" title="WriteAPrisoner.com">WriteAPrisoner.com</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leaving prison</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rehabilitation_(penology)" title="Rehabilitation (penology)">Rehabilitation</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Work_release" title="Work release">Work release</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_incarceration_rate" title="List of countries by incarceration rate">Countries by incarceration rate</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_prisons" title="List of prisons">Prisons</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_prison_films" title="List of prison films">Films featuring prisons</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Penal_systems_by_country" title="Category:Penal systems by country">By country</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Punishment_in_Australia" title="Punishment in Australia">Australia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prisons_in_Chile" title="Prisons in Chile">Chile</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Penal_system_in_China" title="Penal system in China">China</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prisons_in_Estonia" title="Prisons in Estonia">Estonia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prisons_in_Germany" title="Prisons in Germany">Germany</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_prisons_in_Iceland" title="List of prisons in Iceland">Iceland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prisons_in_India" title="Prisons in India">India</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prisons_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Prisons in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland, Republic of</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_prisons_in_Jamaica" title="List of prisons in Jamaica">Jamaica</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Penal_system_of_Japan" title="Penal system of Japan">Japan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_prisons_in_New_Zealand" title="List of prisons in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prisons_in_North_Korea" title="Prisons in North Korea">North Korea</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Incarceration_in_Norway" title="Incarceration in Norway">Norway</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Penitentiary_Institute_(Peru)" title="National Penitentiary Institute (Peru)">Peru</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prisons_in_Russia" title="Prisons in Russia">Russia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Category:Prisons_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Category:Prisons in the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gulag" title="Gulag">Gulag</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prisons_in_Turkey" title="Prisons in Turkey">Turkey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prisons_in_Ukraine" title="Prisons in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">United Kingdom and British overseas territories </span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bermuda_Department_of_Corrections" title="Bermuda Department of Corrections">Bermuda</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/His_Majesty%27s_Prison_Service" title="His Majesty's Prison Service">England and Wales</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Prison_Service" title="Northern Ireland Prison Service">Northern Ireland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Prison_Service" title="Scottish Prison Service">Scotland</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Incarceration_in_the_United_States" title="Incarceration in the United States">United States</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Imprisonment_and_detention" title="Category:Imprisonment and detention">Imprisonment and detention</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Imprisonment_and_detention" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Imprisonment and detention">Commons</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Libraries_and_library_science" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Libraries_and_library_science" title="Template:Libraries and library science"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Libraries_and_library_science" title="Template talk:Libraries and library science"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Libraries_and_library_science" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Libraries and library science"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Libraries_and_library_science" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Library" title="Library">Libraries</a> and <a href="/wiki/Library_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Library science">library science</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Types_of_library" title="Category:Types of library">Types of library</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_library" title="Academic library">Academic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archive" title="Archive">Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_branch" title="Library branch">Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library#Children's_libraries" title="Library">Children's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_library" title="Christian library">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_consortium" title="Library consortium">Consortium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_library" title="Digital library">Digital</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_library" title="Shadow library">shadow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_library" title="Hybrid library">Hybrid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_library" title="Law library">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lending_library" title="Lending library">Lending</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_things" title="Library of things">Library of things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Map_collection" title="Map collection">Map</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_library" title="Medical library">Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bookmobile" title="Bookmobile">Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_library" title="Music library">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_library" title="National library">National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_library" title="Presidential library">Presidential</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_library_system" title="Presidential library system">U.S.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_library" title="Private library">Private</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_library" title="Public library">Public</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_library" title="Carnegie library">Carnegie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Research_library" title="Research library">Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_library" title="School library">School</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Learning_Resource_Centre" title="Learning Resource Centre">Learning Resource Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_school_libraries_in_the_United_States" title="Virtual school libraries in the United States">virtual</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_collections" title="Special collections">Special collections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_library" title="Special library">Special library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_bookcase" title="Public bookcase">Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subscription_library" title="Subscription library">Subscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tool_library" title="Tool library">Tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toy_library" title="Toy library">Toy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_library" title="Transportation library">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traveling_library" title="Traveling library">Traveling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types of <a href="/wiki/Librarian" title="Librarian">librarian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Distance_education_librarian" title="Distance education librarian">Distance education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-Science_librarianship" title="E-Science librarianship">E-science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign,_comparative,_and_international_law_librarian" title="Foreign, comparative, and international law librarian">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_librarianship" title="Music librarianship">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ensemble_librarianship" title="Ensemble librarianship">ensemble</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periodicals_librarian" title="Periodicals librarian">Periodicals/serials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teacher-librarian" title="Teacher-librarian">School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_professional" title="Information professional">Information professional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Informationist" title="Informationist">Informationist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_and_information_scientist" title="Library and information scientist">Library and information scientist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Library_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Library science">Library science</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Five_laws_of_library_science" title="Five laws of library science">Five laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_and_information_science" title="Library and information science">Library and information science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_for_librarianship" title="Education for librarianship">Education for librarianship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_acquisitions" title="Library acquisitions">Acquisitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archival_science" title="Archival science">Archival science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_assessment" title="Library assessment">Assessment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cataloging_(library_science)" title="Cataloging (library science)">Cataloging</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Library_catalog" title="Library catalog">catalog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_public_access_catalog" title="Online public access catalog">OPAC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_circulation" title="Library circulation">Circulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_classification" title="Library classification">Classification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collection_development" title="Collection development">Collection development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_collection" title="Collective collection">Collective collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_books,_manuscripts,_documents_and_ephemera" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservation and restoration of books, manuscripts, documents and ephemera">Conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovery_system_(bibliographic_search)" title="Discovery system (bibliographic search)">Discovery system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_resource_management" title="Electronic resource management">Electronic resource management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_literacy" title="Information literacy">Information literacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inventory_(library_and_archive)" title="Inventory (library and archive)">Inventory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_deposit" title="Legal deposit">Legal deposit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_history" title="Library history">Library history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_instruction" title="Library instruction">Library instruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_management" title="Library management">Library management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_publishing" title="Library publishing">Library publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preservation_(library_and_archive)" title="Preservation (library and archive)">Preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Readers%27_advisory" title="Readers' advisory">Readers' advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reference_desk" title="Reference desk">Reference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_reference" title="Digital reference">virtual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roving_reference" title="Roving reference">roving</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_technical_services" title="Library technical services">Technical services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weeding_(library)" title="Weeding (library)">Weeding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_libraries" title="History of libraries">History of libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_science#History" class="mw-redirect" title="Library science">History of library science</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Template:Library_nav" title="Template:Library nav">Lists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries" title="List of libraries">Libraries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="List of libraries by country">by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_libraries" title="List of largest libraries">by size</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_in_the_ancient_world" title="List of libraries in the ancient world">ancient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_destroyed_libraries" title="List of destroyed libraries">destroyed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_medical_libraries" title="List of medical libraries">medical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_and_state_libraries" title="List of national and state libraries">national</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_library_associations" title="List of library associations">Library associations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_library_science_schools" title="List of library science schools">Library schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_librarians" title="List of librarians">Librarians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_librarians" title="List of female librarians">women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libraries_and_librarians_in_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Libraries and librarians in fiction">fictional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archivists" title="List of archivists">Archivists</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_archivists" title="List of female archivists">women</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Libraries" title="Category:Libraries">Category:Libraries</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Library_science" title="Category:Library science">Category:Library science</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Libraries" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Libraries">Commons</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_library_and_information_science" title="Glossary of library and information science">Glossary</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_library_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Outline of library science">Outline</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WikiProject"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Libraries" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Libraries">WikiProject</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3318834#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4156218-5">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85106934">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Bibliothèques de prisons"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119655251">France</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Bibliothèques de prisons"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119655251">BnF data</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00565363">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="vězeňské knihovny"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph222877&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX525725">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007536351405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&oldid=1245790221">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&oldid=1245790221</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Libraries_by_type" title="Category:Libraries by type">Libraries by type</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Penal_imprisonment" title="Category:Penal imprisonment">Penal imprisonment</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Types_of_library" title="Category:Types of library">Types of library</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_with_style_issues_from_March_2012" title="Category:Wikipedia articles with style issues from March 2012">Wikipedia articles with style issues from March 2012</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_style_issues" title="Category:All articles with style issues">All articles with style issues</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_October_2020" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020">Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 15 September 2024, at 03:23<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prison_library&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-vkl22","wgBackendResponseTime":121,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.590","walltime":"0.747","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3356,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":118360,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2394,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":15,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":3,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":126371,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 587.752 1 -total"," 35.49% 208.603 1 Template:Reflist"," 19.35% 113.709 3 Template:Navbox"," 18.44% 108.399 1 Template:Incarceration"," 15.62% 91.814 2 Template:Cite_journal"," 10.56% 62.095 1 Template:Short_description"," 9.94% 58.414 15 Template:Cite_web"," 7.00% 41.151 1 Template:Authority_control"," 6.71% 39.465 1 Template:Commons_category"," 6.56% 38.581 1 Template:Essay"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.330","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6269822,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-7n487","timestamp":"20241122145139","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Prison library","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prison_library","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q3318834","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q3318834","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2011-11-28T01:59:01Z","dateModified":"2024-09-15T03:23:16Z","headline":"library of prison, jail etc."}</script> </body> </html>