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意大利 - 来自维基导游的旅行指南

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id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="有关本IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-了解" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#了解"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>了解</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-了解-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关了解子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-了解-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-地理" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地理"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>地理</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-地理-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>历史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-史前" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#史前"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>史前</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-史前-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-罗马帝国" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#罗马帝国"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>罗马帝国</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-罗马帝国-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-从独立城邦到统一" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#从独立城邦到统一"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>从独立城邦到统一</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-从独立城邦到统一-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-意大利共和国" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#意大利共和国"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.4</span> <span>意大利共和国</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-意大利共和国-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-气候" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#气候"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>气候</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-气候-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-帮助" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#帮助"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>帮助</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-帮助-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-区域" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#区域"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>区域</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-区域-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-城市" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#城市"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>城市</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-城市-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-抵达" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#抵达"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>抵达</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-抵达-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关抵达子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-抵达-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-空路" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#空路"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>空路</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-空路-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-观光" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#观光"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>观光</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-观光-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关观光子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-观光-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-铁路" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#铁路"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>铁路</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-铁路-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-空路_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#空路_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>空路</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-空路_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-陆路" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#陆路"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>陆路</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-陆路-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-名胜" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#名胜"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>名胜</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-名胜-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-语言" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#语言"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>语言</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-语言-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-安全" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#安全"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>安全</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-安全-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-健康" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#健康"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>健康</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-健康-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-举止" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#举止"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>举止</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-举止-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-通讯" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#通讯"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>通讯</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-通讯-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。23种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF" title="ইতালি – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইতালি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikivoyage.org/wiki/It%C3%A1lie" title="Itálie – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Itálie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="推荐条目"><a href="https://de.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Italien" title="Italien – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Italien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ιταλία – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιταλία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Italy" title="Italy – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Italy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Italio" title="Italio – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Italio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Italia" title="Italia – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Italia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="推荐条目"><a href="https://fa.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ایتالیا – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ایتالیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Italia" title="Italia – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Italia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Italie" title="Italie – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Italie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://he.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%94" title="איטליה – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איטליה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="इटली – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इटली" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Italia" title="Italia – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Italia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://ja.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2" title="イタリア – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イタリア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Itali%C3%AB" title="Italië – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Italië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikivoyage.org/wiki/W%C5%82ochy" title="Włochy – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Włochy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikivoyage.org/wiki/It%C3%A1lia" title="Itália – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Itália" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Italia" title="Italia – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Italia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Италия – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Италия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Italien" title="Italien – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Italien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%C4%B0talya" title="İtalya – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İtalya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Італія – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Італія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%C3%9D" title="Ý – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ý" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Italia" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" hreflang="zh"><span>维基新闻</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikipedia mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" hreflang="zh"><span>维基百科</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" hreflang="zh"><span>维基语录</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q38" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" 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class="mw-parser-output"><span style="display:none"><span class="geo"><abbr class="latitude">42.21225</abbr><abbr class="longitude">12.54639</abbr></span></span><span title="点击查看全屏动态地图…"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//tools.wmflabs.org/wikivoyage/w/poimap2.php?lat=42.21225&amp;lon=12.54639&amp;zoom=6&amp;layer=W&amp;lang=zh&amp;name=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Map_mag.png/25px-Map_mag.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Map_mag.png 1.5x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="32" /></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">来自维基导游</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="ext-geocrumbs-breadcrumbs"><bdi><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a></bdi> &gt; <bdi>意大利</bdi></span><br /> <div class="ext-wpb-pagebanner"> <div id="firstHeading" class="wpb-banner-image-panorama wpb-topbanner"> <h1 class="wpb-name">意大利</h1> <a class="image" dir="ltr" title="佛罗伦萨" href="/wiki/File:Italy_banner_3_Florence.jpg"> <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Italy_banner_3_Florence.jpg/2560px-Italy_banner_3_Florence.jpg" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Italy_banner_3_Florence.jpg/640px-Italy_banner_3_Florence.jpg 640w,https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Italy_banner_3_Florence.jpg/1280px-Italy_banner_3_Florence.jpg 1280w,https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Italy_banner_3_Florence.jpg/2560px-Italy_banner_3_Florence.jpg 2560w" class="wpb-banner-image"> </a> </div> <div class="wpb-topbanner-toc"> <div class="wpb-banner-toc"> <div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox webfonts-changed" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">目录</h2> <span class="toctogglespan"> <label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label> </span> </div> <ul lang="zh" dir="ltr"> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"> <a href="#了解"> <span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">了解</span> </a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-1.1"> <a href="#地理"> <span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">地理</span> </a> <ul> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-1.2"> <a href="#历史"> <span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">历史</span> </a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-1.2.1"> <a href="#史前"> <span class="tocnumber">1.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">史前</span> </a> <ul> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-1.2.2"> <a href="#罗马帝国"> <span class="tocnumber">1.2.2</span> <span class="toctext">罗马帝国</span> </a> <ul> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-1.2.3"> <a href="#从独立城邦到统一"> <span class="tocnumber">1.2.3</span> <span class="toctext">从独立城邦到统一</span> </a> <ul> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-1.2.4"> <a href="#意大利共和国"> <span class="tocnumber">1.2.4</span> <span class="toctext">意大利共和国</span> </a> <ul> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-1.3"> <a href="#气候"> <span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">气候</span> </a> <ul> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-1.4"> <a href="#帮助"> <span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">帮助</span> </a> <ul> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"> <a href="#区域"> <span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">区域</span> </a> <ul> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"> <a href="#城市"> <span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">城市</span> </a> <ul> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"> <a href="#抵达"> <span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">抵达</span> </a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4.1"> <a href="#空路"> <span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">空路</span> </a> <ul> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"> <a href="#观光"> <span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">观光</span> </a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5.1"> <a href="#铁路"> <span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">铁路</span> </a> <ul> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5.2"> <a href="#空路_2"> <span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">空路</span> </a> <ul> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5.3"> <a href="#陆路"> <span class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">陆路</span> </a> <ul> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5.4"> <a href="#名胜"> <span class="tocnumber">5.4</span> <span class="toctext">名胜</span> </a> <ul> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"> <a href="#语言"> <span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">语言</span> </a> <ul> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"> <a href="#安全"> <span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">安全</span> </a> <ul> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"> <a href="#健康"> <span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">健康</span> </a> <ul> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"> <a href="#举止"> <span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">举止</span> </a> <ul> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"> <a href="#通讯"> <span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">通讯</span> </a> <ul> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r122147">.mw-parser-output .oo-ui-icon-unesco{background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/WorldHeritageBlanc.svg")}.mw-parser-output .oo-ui-icon-star{background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg")!important}.mw-parser-output .oo-ui-icon-ftt{background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Writing_Circle.svg/25px-Writing_Circle.svg.png")}.mw-parser-output .oo-ui-icon-dotm,.mw-parser-output .oo-ui-icon-otbp{background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Yes_Check_Circle.svg/25px-Yes_Check_Circle.svg.png")}.mw-parser-output .ext-wpb-pagebanner li.toclevel-1{padding:0 0 0 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .ext-wpb-pagebanner li.toclevel-1>a:after{content:" ·";font-weight:bold;padding:0 0 0 0.1em}.mw-parser-output .ext-wpb-pagebanner li.toclevel-1:last-child>a:after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .ext-wpb-pagebanner h1.wpb-name{font-family:sans-serif;border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .ext-wpb-pagebanner{clear:both}.mw-parser-output .wpb-banner-toc .toctext{display:inline}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r126997">@media all and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .wv-quickbar{clear:none!important;float:none!important;margin:0!important;width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .wv-quickbar table{font-size:85%;background-color:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #ccc;width:250px}.mw-parser-output .wv-quickbar .info{vertical-align:top;padding:0 5px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .wv-quickbar .footer{margin-top:5px;border-top:1px solid #ccc;text-align:right}</style><div id="quickbar" class="wv-quickbar floatright"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:LocationItaly.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/LocationItaly.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="115" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="115" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="info"><b>首都</b> </td> <td style="padding-right:5px;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC" title="罗马">羅馬</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="info"><b>货币</b> </td> <td style="padding-right:5px;">歐元(€) </td></tr> <tr> <td class="info"><b>人口</b> </td> <td style="padding-right:5px;">59,685,227(2012年12月統計) </td></tr> <tr> <td class="info"><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%9B%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="电力系统">电力系统</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-right:5px;">230V/50Hz(歐洲或意大利插頭) </td></tr> <tr> <td class="info"><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E5%8C%BA%E5%8F%B7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="国际电话区号列表">国家区号</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-right:5px;">+39 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="info"><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E5%8C%BA" title="时区">时区</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-right:5px;">UTC+1 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="info"><b>语言</b> </td> <td style="padding-right:5px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="意大利语">意大利语</a> ( 官方语言 ) 也有少量使用<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="德语">德语</a> , <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="法语">法语</a>的社区。 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="info"><b>紧急电话</b> </td> <td style="padding-right:5px;">112、113(警察機構)、115(消防部門)、118(緊急醫療服務) </td></tr> <tr> <td class="info"><b>驾驶方向</b> </td> <td style="padding-right:5px;">右 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="info footer"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38" class="extiw" title="d:Q38">在维基数据编辑</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><b><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.italia.it/en/home.html">意大利</a><sup class="error-deadlink noprint">&#91;失效連結&#93;</sup> </b>(<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AF%9D%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C" title="意大利语会话手册">意大利語</a>:<i>Italia</i>),全称意大利共和国,位于欧洲南部。与希腊一起,被认为是西方文化的发源地。勿庸置疑的是,她在UNESCO的世界遗产单里拥有大量资产。可以在该国各地看到高端艺术和纪念建筑。她的美食,时尚服装,奢侈的跑车和摩托车,风格各异的区域文化和方言亦闻名于世。同时拥有众所周知的漫长美丽海岸,高山湖和群山(阿尔卑斯和亚平宁)。难怪她的爱称是Il Bel Paese(美丽的国家)。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E9%A9%AC%E5%8A%9B%E8%AF%BA" title="圣马力诺">圣马力诺</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5%E8%92%82%E5%86%88" class="mw-redirect" title="梵蒂冈">梵蒂冈</a>这两个独立的小国家被意大利完全包围。他们严格上来说不是欧盟的一部分,但是属于申根地区和欧洲货币联盟(EMU)的一部分。除了警察制服的不同,这两国与意大利领土没有明显的区别,而且使用统一货币。意大利语也是这两个城邦的通用语。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="了解"><span id=".E4.BA.86.E8.A7.A3"></span>了解</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="编辑章节:了解"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="地理"><span id=".E5.9C.B0.E7.90.86"></span>地理</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="编辑章节:地理"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>意大利是一座位于地中海的半岛,北部与法国,瑞士,奥地利及斯洛文尼亚接壤。长靴形状的意大利,西部被利古里亚海,撒丁海和伊特鲁里亚海环绕,南部是西西里和爱奥尼亚海,而东部是亚得里亚海。在意大利大部分人使用官方语言-意大利语,但是假如你环游整个国家,你会在一些地区发现非常独特的方言。该国景观多样,但可总结为包括阿尔卑斯山和穿越全国大部分地区的亚平宁山脉。意大利有两个主要岛屿:位于西海岸的撒丁岛,和南端的,处于鞋尖的西西里岛。意大利人口约6千万,首都是罗马。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="历史"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>历史</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="编辑章节:历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="史前"><span id=".E5.8F.B2.E5.89.8D"></span>史前</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="编辑章节:史前"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>距今至少20万年前在意大利半岛已有人类生活。在罗马人之前,伊特鲁里亚文明从史前开始,一直持续到到罗马成立。伊特鲁里亚人在现在的意大利中部和北部蓬勃发展,特别是在现在称为拉齐奥北部,翁布里亚和托斯卡纳地区。罗马是由伊特鲁里亚人统治,直到罗马人于公元前396年洗劫了附近的伊特鲁里亚城市-维爱城。在公元前第八和第七世纪,希腊殖民地成立于西西里岛和意大利南部,于是伊特鲁里亚文化迅速受希腊的影响。这充分体现在一些优秀的伊特鲁里亚博物馆里。伊特鲁里亚墓地也非常值得一游。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="罗马帝国"><span id=".E7.BD.97.E9.A9.AC.E5.B8.9D.E5.9B.BD"></span>罗马帝国</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="编辑章节:罗马帝国"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>古罗马起初是建立于公元前8世纪的一个小村庄。随着时间的推移,它发展为举世最强大的帝国,覆盖了整个地中海,包括非洲北部海岸,北至苏格兰南部。罗马帝国对西方文明留下了持久的影响,在当今欧洲文化中依然可见。罗马帝国的衰亡始于公元2世纪,而在公元285年,终于分割为两部分:首都在罗马的西罗马帝国,和建都君士坦丁堡的东罗马帝国或称拜占庭帝国。西部地区,因哥特人的入侵,终于崩塌瓦解,仅留下意大利半岛。自此,罗马进入所谓的黑暗时期,并于公元846年被<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saracen">萨拉森人</a>洗劫。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="从独立城邦到统一"><span id=".E4.BB.8E.E7.8B.AC.E7.AB.8B.E5.9F.8E.E9.82.A6.E5.88.B0.E7.BB.9F.E4.B8.80"></span>从独立城邦到统一</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="编辑章节:从独立城邦到统一"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>西罗马帝国陨落后,意大利半岛分解为许多独立城邦,并持续了千年。 公元6世纪,日耳曼族,来自北方的伦巴第,即现今伦巴第大区的北部。他们与其他入侵者如拜占庭人,阿拉伯人,穆斯林和撒拉逊人的权利争夺,加上神圣罗马帝国和教廷,意味着统一意大利是不可能的。虽然后来者如卡洛林和霍亨斯道芬(统治神圣罗马帝国(1138-1218和1215-1254年)的德国家族)设法施加一定的控制力。南面,西西里王国与那不勒斯王国于1442年统一成为两西西里王国,建都那不勒斯。北面,意大利是小型的独立城邦和王国的集合,并且持续到19世纪。其中最有影响力的城邦是威尼斯共和国,被认为是当时最发达的,1637年它见证了首座公众歌剧院开业,并首次允许普通大众享受曾经是贵族专属的娱乐,从而使艺术得以蓬勃发展。民众开始寻求能够为城市带来秩序的强者,因此美第奇这样的王朝在佛罗伦萨得以发展。接着,这些家族成为了艺术的赞助人,促成了达芬奇和米开朗基罗这样的天才出现,进而使意大利成为文艺复兴的发源地。罗马及其周边地区成为了教皇国,而身在罗马的教皇在那些领域有宗教和政治权威。 </p><p>1494年起,意大利经历了来自于法国和西班牙的一系列侵略。北部被奥地利支配。 1815年,撒丁王国终于开始了统一意大利的进程,并于1870年以占领罗马结束。意大利王国从1861年持续到1946年。朱塞佩加里波第尝试统一意大利南部,而北部想要确立其统治下的意大利联邦。北部王国打败了奥地利人,于都灵建都。1866年,维克托·伊曼纽尔二世设法吞并威尼斯。1870年,在法国放弃罗马后不久,意大利的首都迁往该地。教皇失去了大部分影响力,他的政治权力现在也被限制在梵蒂冈城内。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="意大利共和国"><span id=".E6.84.8F.E5.A4.A7.E5.88.A9.E5.85.B1.E5.92.8C.E5.9B.BD"></span>意大利共和国</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="编辑章节:意大利共和国"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1946年,国王翁贝托二世被迫退位,意大利成为共和国。在20世纪50年代,意大利成为北约成员并与美国联盟。马歇尔计划帮助重振意大利经济,意大利人民享受了一段持续的经济增长直到20世纪60年代。一些城市如罗马,再度成为热门的旅游目的地,甚至出现在美国和意大利电影中,如“罗马假日”或“甜蜜的生活”。 1957年,意大利成为欧洲经济共同体的创始成员之一。 但是,从60年代末到80年代末,该国经历了经济危机。有一个持续的恐惧来自于意大利内外(特别是美国),认为这个经常取得20%以上选票的共产党,有一天会形成政府。于是各种卑鄙手段被炮制以防止其发生。从1992年至今,意大利一直面临着巨大的政府债务和广泛的腐败。丑闻涉及所有主要政党,尤其是基督教民主党和社会党,导致这两党最终瓦解。 1994年的选举把媒体大亨贝卢斯科尼推上了为总理的席位,他曾两次被击败,但在2008年大选中再次取得了胜利。 建于上个世纪60年代的米兰的Pirelli塔,通常被认为是新意大利,和战后的经济增长和重建的象征。 尽管统一至今150多年,但意大利依然存在显著分化。该国北部更富裕也更工业化,导致实质上北部在救济南部,许多北方人对此很反感。北方联盟政党主张扩大北部自治并减少资金南移。但是南北部对一件事持相同意见,那就是不愿为总部设在罗马的庞大官僚机构付账。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="气候"><span id=".E6.B0.94.E5.80.99"></span>气候</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="编辑章节:气候"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>意大利的气候是非常多样的,有些非常不同于刻板的地中海气候。意大利的大部分地区夏季炎热干燥,7月温度最高。北部冬天寒冷而潮湿,而南方暖和些。另一方面,半岛沿海地区的情况与内部高地和山谷有很大的不同。特别是在冬季,高海拔地区往往寒冷,潮湿,多雪。阿尔卑斯山是标准的高山气候,夏季凉爽,冬季寒冷。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="帮助"><span id=".E5.B8.AE.E5.8A.A9"></span>帮助</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="编辑章节:帮助"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>以备紧急情况或不便,意大利旅游部引进了多语种呼叫中心向外来人提供信息和帮助。"便捷意大利"(Easy Italia)每周七天09:00-10:00工作。您可以在世界任何地方,从固定电话或手机拨打+39039039039联系便捷意大利。如果您是在意大利,也可以通过固定电话和公用电话拨打免费电话800000039与他们联系。该服务也可在Skype(帐号:easyitalia)上找到,只需填写他们的网上表格。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="区域"><span id=".E5.8C.BA.E5.9F.9F"></span>区域</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="编辑章节:区域"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="region_list"><span style="float: right; text-align:left"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Italy_regions_(zh-hans).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Italy_regions_%28zh-hans%29.png/400px-Italy_regions_%28zh-hans%29.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="452" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Italy_regions_%28zh-hans%29.png/600px-Italy_regions_%28zh-hans%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Italy_regions_%28zh-hans%29.png/800px-Italy_regions_%28zh-hans%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2536" data-file-height="2863" /></a><figcaption>意大利区域</figcaption></figure></span> <table> <tbody><tr> <td width="32px" bgcolor="#71b37b"></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%8C%97%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="西北義大利">西北義大利</a></b>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9A%AE%E5%9F%83%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="皮埃蒙特(页面不存在)">皮埃蒙特</a>,<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%A9%E5%8F%A4%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="利古里亚(页面不存在)">利古里亚</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E5%B7%B4%E7%AC%AC" title="伦巴第">伦巴第</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%B1%B1%E8%B0%B7&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="奥斯塔山谷(页面不存在)">奥斯塔山谷</a>)<br />意大利里维埃拉之家,包括<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E6%89%98%E8%8F%B2%E8%AF%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="波托菲诺(页面不存在)">波托菲诺</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%94%E6%B8%94%E6%9D%91&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="五渔村(页面不存在)">五渔村</a>。这里有<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%8D%91%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="阿尔卑斯山脉(页面不存在)">阿尔卑斯山脉</a>,世界级都市如意大利的工业首都(<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%BD%E7%81%B5&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="都灵(页面不存在)">都灵</a>),最大的港口城市(<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%82%A3%E4%BA%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="那亚(页面不存在)">那亚</a>) ,该国的主要商业枢纽(<a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E8%98%AD" title="米蘭">米兰</a>)。他们美丽的风景,如<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E8%8E%AB%E6%B9%96" title="科莫湖">科莫湖</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E7%84%A6%E9%9B%B7%E6%B9%96%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="马焦雷湖地区(页面不存在)">马焦雷湖地区</a>,以及鲜为人知的文艺复兴瑰宝--<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9B%BC%E6%89%98%E7%93%A6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="曼托瓦(页面不存在)">曼托瓦</a>,吸引着来到该地区的游客。 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table> <tbody><tr> <td width="32px" bgcolor="#8a84a3"></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8C%97%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="東北義大利">東北義大利</a></b>(<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E7%B1%B3%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E-%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%B6%85" title="艾米利亞-羅馬涅">艾米利亚-罗马涅</a>,<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%97%E7%95%99%E5%88%A9-%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E6%9C%B1%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="弗留利-威尼斯朱利亚(页面不存在)">弗留利-威尼斯朱利亚</a>,<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E4%BC%A6%E8%92%82%E8%AF%BA-%E4%B8%8A%E9%98%BF%E8%BF%AA%E6%9D%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="特伦蒂诺-上阿迪杰(页面不存在)">特伦蒂诺-上阿迪杰</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%89%98" title="威尼托">威尼托</a>)<br />从<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF" title="威尼斯">威尼斯</a>的运河,到美食之都<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%9A%E6%B4%9B%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="博洛尼亚(页面不存在)">博洛尼亚</a>,从<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E8%92%82%E7%BE%85%E7%88%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="南蒂羅爾(页面不存在)">南蒂羅爾</a>雄伟的山脉和一流的滑雪胜地如<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%91%E5%B0%94%E8%92%82%E7%BA%B3%E4%B8%B9%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%90&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="科尔蒂纳丹佩佐(页面不存在)">科尔蒂纳丹佩佐</a>,到<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%95%E5%B0%94%E9%A9%AC&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="帕尔马(页面不存在)">帕尔马</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%B4%E7%BD%97%E7%BA%B3&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="维罗纳(页面不存在)">维罗纳</a>中旖旎的屋檐,这个地区有这么多值得看和做的。而讲德语的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E8%92%82%E7%BD%97%E5%B0%94&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="南蒂罗尔(页面不存在)">南蒂罗尔</a>和国际大都会的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8C%E9%9B%85%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="里雅斯特(页面不存在)">里雅斯特</a>又拥有独特的中欧风格。 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table> <tbody><tr> <td width="32px" bgcolor="#d5dc76"></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="中意大利">中義大利</a></b>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E9%BD%90%E5%A5%A5&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="拉齐奥(页面不存在)">拉齐奥</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%E9%AD%AF%E4%BD%90" title="阿布魯佐">阿布鲁佐</a>,<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E5%87%AF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="马尔凯(页面不存在)">马尔凯</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E7%B4%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="托斯卡納">托斯卡纳</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BF%81%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="翁布里亚(页面不存在)">翁布里亚</a>)<br />感受历史和艺术。<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC" title="罗马">罗马</a>拥有罗马帝国的奇迹和一些世界最知名的景观,并融合了充满活力的,大都市的感觉。<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%A6%E8%90%A8" title="佛罗伦萨">佛罗伦萨</a>,作为文艺复兴的摇篮,是<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E7%B4%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="托斯卡納">托斯卡纳</a>的顶级景点,而迷人的乡村和附近的城市,如<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%94%A1%E8%80%B6%E7%BA%B3&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="锡耶纳(页面不存在)">锡耶纳</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E8%90%A8" title="比萨">比萨</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A2%E5%8D%A1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="卢卡(页面不存在)">卢卡</a>为那些寻找该国富饶的历史和文化遗产的人提供佳所。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BF%81%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="翁布里亚(页面不存在)">翁布里亚</a>遍布风景如画的城市如<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%A9%E9%B2%81%E8%B4%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="佩鲁贾(页面不存在)">佩鲁贾</a>,<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E7%BB%B4%E5%A4%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="奥维多(页面不存在)">奥维多</a>,<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E6%AF%94%E5%A5%A5&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="古比奥(页面不存在)">古比奥</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E8%A5%BF%E8%A5%BF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="阿西西(页面不存在)">阿西西</a>。 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table> <tbody><tr> <td width="32px" bgcolor="#d09440"></td> <td><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="南義大利(页面不存在)">南義大利</a></b>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%AE%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="普利亚(页面不存在)">普利亚</a>,<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF%E5%88%A9%E5%8D%A1%E5%A1%94&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="巴西利卡塔(页面不存在)">巴西利卡塔</a>,<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="卡拉布里亚(页面不存在)">卡拉布里亚</a>,<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9D%8E%E5%B8%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="坎帕尼亚(页面不存在)">坎帕尼亚</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%88%A9%E5%A1%9E&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="莫利塞(页面不存在)">莫利塞</a>)<br />繁华的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%82%A3%E4%B8%8D%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="那不勒斯(页面不存在)">那不勒斯</a>,戏剧性的废墟<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%9E%E8%B4%9D&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="庞贝(页面不存在)">庞贝</a>,浪漫的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E8%8F%B2%E6%B5%B7%E5%B2%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="阿马尔菲海岸(页面不存在)">阿马尔菲海岸</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E6%99%AE%E9%87%8C%E5%B2%9B&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="卡普里岛(页面不存在)">卡普里岛</a>,悠闲的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%AE%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="普利亚(页面不存在)">普利亚</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="卡拉布里亚(页面不存在)">卡拉布里亚</a>迷人的海滩,以及崭露头角的农业旅游使这个意大利游客较少的地区成为一个值得探索的地方。 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table> <tbody><tr> <td width="32px" bgcolor="#d56d76"></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%A5%BF%E9%87%8C%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="西西里岛">西西里岛</a></b><br />这个美丽的岛屿因考古价值、海景和一些餐厅提供的意大利美食而闻名。 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table> <tbody><tr> <td width="32px" bgcolor="#b383b3"></td> <td><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%92%92%E4%B8%81%E5%B3%B6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="撒丁島(页面不存在)">撒丁島</a></b><br />距离意大利西部海岸约250公里的一个岛。风景旖旎,有美丽的海景和沙滩,是意大利本土人常去的度假岛。 </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <p><br clear="all" /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="城市"><span id=".E5.9F.8E.E5.B8.82"></span>城市</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="编辑章节:城市"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> 意大利有几百座城市,下列是最有名的九个:</p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leaning_tower_of_pisa_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Leaning_tower_of_pisa_2.jpg/220px-Leaning_tower_of_pisa_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Leaning_tower_of_pisa_2.jpg/330px-Leaning_tower_of_pisa_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Leaning_tower_of_pisa_2.jpg/440px-Leaning_tower_of_pisa_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="555" data-file-height="740" /></a><figcaption>比萨斜塔</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC" title="罗马">罗马</a> - 意大利以及曾经的古罗马帝国的首都</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%9A%E6%B4%9B%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="博洛尼亚(页面不存在)">博洛尼亚</a> - 世界上最雄伟的大学城之一,充满了历史,文化,科技和美食</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%A6%E8%90%A8" title="佛罗伦萨">佛罗伦萨</a> - 这座文艺复兴城市,以其曾对全世界产生重大影响的建筑和艺术著称</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%83%AD%E9%82%A3%E4%BA%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="热那亚(页面不存在)">热那亚</a> - 一个重要的中世纪海上共和国,它的港口带来了旅游和贸易,以及艺术和建筑</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E8%98%AD" title="米蘭">米兰</a> - 世界主要时尚城市之一,也是意大利最重要的贸易和商业中心</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%82%A3%E4%B8%8D%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="那不勒斯(页面不存在)">那不勒斯 </a>- 西方最古老的城市之一,拥有历史悠久的城市中心,列为联合国教科文组织的世界遗产</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E8%90%A8" title="比萨">比萨</a> - 一个中世纪的海上共和国,毫无疑问比萨斜塔坐落于此</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%BD%E7%81%B5&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="都灵(页面不存在)">都灵</a> - 一个著名的工业城市,菲亚特及其他汽车和航空航天工业的产地。勒·柯布西耶将都灵定义为“世界上拥有最美自然位置的城市”</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF" title="威尼斯">威尼斯</a> - 意大利最美丽的城市之一,以其历史,艺术,当然还有它闻名于世的运河而享誉</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="抵达"><span id=".E6.8A.B5.E8.BE.BE"></span>抵达</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="编辑章节:抵达"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>意大利是申根协定的成员国。 </p><p>有迹象表明,签署并执行该条约的国家之间没有边界控制 - 欧盟(除保加利亚,克罗地亚,塞浦路斯,爱尔兰,罗马尼亚和英国),冰岛,列支敦士登,挪威和瑞士。同样,在任何申根协定国取得签证的,在这些签署并执行该条约的所有其他国家同样有效。但要注意:不是所有的欧盟成员国都签署了申根条约,也不是所有申根成员都是欧洲联盟的一部分。这意味着,有可能要报关,但没有移民检查(用申根签证去或从非欧盟国家旅游),或者你需要接受移民检查,但无需报关(在欧盟范围内,但是去或从非申根国家旅游)。 </p><p>欧洲机场因而分为“申根”和“非申根”通道,起到其他地方“国内”和“国际”的作用。如果您是从欧洲以外的地方飞入申根国家,并飞到另一个,你将需要在第一个国家办理移民和海关申报,然后继续行程而无需接受进一步检查。在申根和非申根成员国之间旅行会有正常的边境检查。请注意,无论您在申根区域内或以外地区旅行,许多航空公司仍然会坚持查看您的身份证或护照。 </p><p>欧盟和欧洲自由贸易联盟(冰岛,列支敦士登,挪威,瑞士)国家的国民只需要一个有效的身份证或护照入境 - 无论逗留时间长短都无需签证。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="空路"><span id=".E7.A9.BA.E8.B7.AF"></span>空路</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="编辑章节:空路"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>较大的机场是由欧洲主要航空公司(法航/荷航,汉莎航空,英国航空,西班牙国家航空,SAS,芬兰,瑞士,TAP,澳大利亚)提供服务。 </p><p>洲际航线主要抵达罗马和米兰,罗马是进入该国的主要国际门户。 </p><p>大多数中档国际航班到达以下意大利城市: 罗马 - 有两个机场:菲乌米奇诺(Fiumicino - 达芬奇)和供给廉价航线的Ciampino(CIA) 米兰 - 有两个机场:萨(MXP)和Linate(LIN);此外,贝尔加莫(BGY - Orio al Serio机场)有时也被称为“米兰伯加莫” 博洛尼亚(BLQ - 古马) 那不勒斯(NAP - 卡波迪基诺) 比萨(PSA - 伽利略) 威尼斯(VCE - 马可波罗);此外,特雷维索(TSF - 安东尼卡诺瓦)有时也被称为“威尼斯” 都灵(TRN - 桑德罗皮蒂尼) 卡塔尼亚(CTA - 文森佐贝利尼) 巴里(BRI - 帕莱塞) 热那亚(GOA - 克里斯托弗哥伦布) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="观光"><span id=".E8.A7.82.E5.85.89"></span>观光</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="编辑章节:观光"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="铁路"><span id=".E9.93.81.E8.B7.AF"></span>铁路</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="编辑章节:铁路"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在意大利搭乘火车一般是值得的,因为班次多,综合来说也比较可靠。 意大利铁路运输市场最近已开放竞争,高速铁路可选择的有“新旅客交通公司Nuovo Trasporto Viaggiatori ”(私有)和“意大利国营铁路公司” (国有)。而其他路线,政府依然是唯一玩家,由意大利国营铁路公司或区域运营商垄断当地市场。 Nuovo Trasporto Viaggiatori, 电话号码为060708 。 NTV电视台的“伊塔洛”火车于2012年开创了意大利的高速铁路网络。自此他们的扩大服务,目前在罗马,米兰,都灵,威尼斯,佛罗伦萨,那不勒斯等各大城市间运行。虽然他们不将自己定位为低成本运输公司(注重于提供更优质的服务),但是一些路线和日期的价格可能会比竞争对手低得多。上NTV和意大利国营铁路公司的网站查询比较,可以找到相对便宜和方便的路线。 意大利国营铁路公司, 电话号码为892021。意大利国营铁路公司运营多种类型的列车线路:高速列车( Frecciarossa , Frecciargento , Frecciabianca ,意大利欧洲之星) ,城际,区域列车( Regionali , Regionali Veloci )和国际列车( Eurocity , Euronight )。 高速列车是快速而舒适的。时速可达360公里,只在大站停留。他们连接罗马,都灵,米兰,威尼斯,博洛尼亚,佛罗伦萨,那不勒斯和其他城市。他们也是目前最昂贵的列车,除了标准票价,还有追加费用,其中包括订票费。 区域火车最慢,最便宜但是不大可靠,在所有车站都停。 城际列车是在高速和区域火车之间。他们一般是可靠的,但假如你需要赶飞机,最好支付额外的费用而去搭高速列车。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="空路_2"><span id=".E7.A9.BA.E8.B7.AF_2"></span>空路</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="编辑章节:空路"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>低成本航空公司的出现,对几乎每一个人来说国内航空旅行成为的可能。如果提前预订,长途旅行的机票几乎总是比火车票便宜。在国内航空市场竞争中,最突出的是意大利航空,瑞安航空和EasyJet。蓝色捷运和Meridiana航空跟风,而其他小公司来来去去。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="陆路"><span id=".E9.99.86.E8.B7.AF"></span>陆路</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="编辑章节:陆路"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>意大利北部有发达的高速公路系统,而南部在质量和覆盖面上相对较差。每一个高速公路标识由A后面跟一个数字的绿色牌子组成。大多数高速公路是收费的。有些收费站容许你走全程(特别是那不勒斯,罗马和米兰路段),但一般而言,大多数设有入口和出口收费站。这些高速公路,你需要在入口处取小票,在出口处凭小票计算所覆盖的距离收费。过路费取决于高速公路和长度,粗略估计,大概每公里路费在€ 0.06到 € 0.12之间。入口小票不可丢失,否则会有按最长距离收费的可能。收费站里的蓝色车道(标有“ Viacard ” )是自动收费机,可使用信用卡,以及预付费卡(称为Viacard )。预付费卡在高速公路加油站或城市里的烟贩均可买到。如果你所用的机器有问题(比如无法读取你的信用卡) ,按assistenza按钮,等待操作员帮助你。做好机器故障无法解决,而需要付现金的准备。不要反向移动到另一条车道,即使你可能会看到其他当地人这么做。除非工作人员或警察清楚指示你这样做,否则在收费站掉头是等同于在高速公路上掉头,如被发现会被处以重罚。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="名胜"><span id=".E5.90.8D.E8.83.9C"></span>名胜</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="编辑章节:名胜"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>古罗马竞技场</li> <li>庞贝古城遗址</li> <li>米兰大教堂</li> <li>佛罗伦萨</li> <li>比萨斜塔</li> <li>威尼斯水城</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="语言"><span id=".E8.AF.AD.E8.A8.80"></span>语言</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="编辑章节:语言"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>理所当然的,意大利语是大多数意大利人的母语。意大利语与西班牙语类似,所以如果你讲西班牙语,当地人一般很难难倒你,而且你还会发现意大利语容易学。 </p><p>在意大利的每个地区,除了意大利语(在某些地区不是母语)以外还使用独特的罗马语。当今罗马或米兰的口头语主要是带点当地特色的意大利语,而在乡村虽然人们通常会双语,但还是使用当地语言为多。尽管意大利人称地方语言为“方言”,可他们实际上是不同的语言。像在中国,有些方言不仅发音不同,写法也不同。 </p><p>去偏远地方,带一本好的短语集会很管用;而在多数大城市,很多人听得懂英语,西班牙语或法语。即使如此,当你尝试用意大利语或当地语言交流时,当地人会很高兴,纵使你错误百出,他们还是会试着去了解你。如果你想对方纠正你的错误,以帮助你更好地学习语言,别忘了在开始对话之前提出要求。因为有些意大利人会出于礼貌而不纠正你。他们也很欣赏你努力说他们的语言,即使你说得不好,也不会太过计较。 </p><p>在旅游区,许多店主和旅游业从业人员会使用不同程度的英语口语。在城市里你通常可以和40岁以下的人讲英语,因为20世纪80年代起几乎每个人都上过英语课(每周两小时),并且在学术领域广泛使用英语,例如研究人员和大学的讲师。然而,由于缺乏使用机会,一般的意大利人口语能力很差,多数人只记得一些基本的单词和短语,只有少数人精通它。老年人很少懂得英语,但他们会尽力帮助你即使要用上手势或类似的词语,而且他们总以为你懂意大利语。如果你打算说英语,请确保用意大利语开始谈话,并询问对方是否懂英语。因为在意大利跟人讲外语,假定对方听得懂,是许多意大利人认为非常傲慢和不礼貌的行为。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="安全"><span id=".E5.AE.89.E5.85.A8"></span>安全</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="编辑章节:安全"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>拨打113 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="健康"><span id=".E5.81.A5.E5.BA.B7"></span>健康</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="编辑章节:健康"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>国民整体体质较强。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="举止"><span id=".E4.B8.BE.E6.AD.A2"></span>举止</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="编辑章节:举止"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>意大利人多数举止礼貌,是一个彬彬有礼的文明国度。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="通讯"><span id=".E9.80.9A.E8.AE.AF"></span>通讯</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23" title="编辑章节:通讯"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>任何人在意大利可维持正常通讯。 </p> <div class="noprint"><table id="outline_country" class="articleState" style="border-style:dotted;border-width:2px;"> <tbody><tr><td>本<a href="/wiki/Wikivoyage:%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%88%86%E5%B1%82#国家" title="Wikivoyage:地理分层">国家条目</a>是<a href="/wiki/Wikivoyage:%E5%A4%A7%E7%BA%B2%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Wikivoyage:大纲条目">大纲</a>条目,需要更多内容。它有<a href="/wiki/Wikivoyage:%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF" title="Wikivoyage:条目模板">条目模板</a>,但是目前没有充足的<a href="/wiki/Wikivoyage:%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%8F%AF%E4%BB%A5%E6%94%BE%E5%9C%A8%E5%93%AA%E9%87%8C" title="Wikivoyage:信息可以放在哪里">信息</a>。如果该国家列出了<a href="/wiki/Wikivoyage:%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81" title="Wikivoyage:城市条目状态">城市</a>和<b>其他目的地</b>,那么它们可能并未全都达到<b>可用</b>状态;或者该国家没有<a href="/wiki/Wikivoyage:%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81" title="Wikivoyage:国家条目状态">有效的地区结构</a>和叙述所有抵达这里的典型方式的“抵达”段落。请<a href="/wiki/Wikivoyage:%E5%8B%87%E5%BE%80%E7%9B%B4%E5%89%8D" title="Wikivoyage:勇往直前">勇往直前</a>,<a href="/wiki/Wikivoyage:%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" class="mw-redirect" 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