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</ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wildlife_and_conservation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wildlife_and_conservation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Wildlife and conservation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wildlife_and_conservation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Papakating_Creek&params=41_12_05_N_74_34_35_W_type:river"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°12′05″N</span> <span class="longitude">74°34′35″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.20139°N 74.57639°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.20139; -74.57639</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Creek in Sussex County, New Jersey, U.S.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Papakating Creek<br /><div class="nickname" style="display:inline;font-size:78%">Pepper-Cotton, Pellettown Creek, Pellet Creek</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Papakating_Creek_from_CR565_Wantage_Twsp_NJ.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Papakating_Creek_from_CR565_Wantage_Twsp_NJ.jpg/250px-Papakating_Creek_from_CR565_Wantage_Twsp_NJ.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Papakating_Creek_from_CR565_Wantage_Twsp_NJ.jpg/375px-Papakating_Creek_from_CR565_Wantage_Twsp_NJ.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Papakating_Creek_from_CR565_Wantage_Twsp_NJ.jpg/500px-Papakating_Creek_from_CR565_Wantage_Twsp_NJ.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1836" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Looking south from County Route 565 in Wantage Township</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="10" data-overlays="["_5d8369e3fd16ddf51f5b234c78841a58308fcc11"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Papakating_Creek&revid=1144783630&groups=_5d8369e3fd16ddf51f5b234c78841a58308fcc11" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Papakating_Creek&revid=1144783630&groups=_5d8369e3fd16ddf51f5b234c78841a58308fcc11 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Etymology</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Munsee" title="Munsee">Munsee</a> (northern <a href="/wiki/Lenape" title="Lenape">Lenape</a> dialect)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Location</th></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">State</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_New_Jersey" title="List of counties in New Jersey">County</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sussex_County,_New_Jersey" title="Sussex County, New Jersey">Sussex</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Municipality</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Frankford_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Frankford Township, New Jersey">Frankford Township</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wantage_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Wantage Township, New Jersey">Wantage Township</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Physical characteristics</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Source</th><td class="infobox-data">Frankford Township, at foot of <a href="/wiki/Kittatinny_Mountain" title="Kittatinny Mountain">Kittatinny Mountain</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • coordinates</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Papakating_Creek&params=41_12_36_N_74_43_02_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°12′36″N</span> <span class="longitude">74°43′02″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.21000°N 74.71722°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.21000; -74.71722</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • elevation</span></th><td class="infobox-data">900 ft (270 m)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/River_mouth" title="River mouth">Mouth</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Wallkill River, E of Sussex borough</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • coordinates</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Papakating_Creek&params=41_12_05_N_74_34_35_W_type:river"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°12′05″N</span> <span class="longitude">74°34′35″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.20139°N 74.57639°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.20139; -74.57639</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • elevation</div></th><td class="infobox-data">387 ft (118 m)</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">20.1 mi (32.3 km)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Basin size</th><td class="infobox-data">60.6 sq mi (157 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Basin features</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">River system</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wallkill_River" title="Wallkill River">Wallkill River</a> (tributary of <a href="/wiki/Rondout_Creek" title="Rondout Creek">Rondout Creek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hudson_River" title="Hudson River">Hudson River</a>)</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tributaries</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • left</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Clove_Brook" title="Clove Brook">Clove Brook</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neepaulakating_Creek" title="Neepaulakating Creek">Neepaulakating Creek</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Branch_Papakating_Creek" title="West Branch Papakating Creek">West Branch Papakating Creek</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><sup id="cite_ref-elevationestimate_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elevationestimate-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USGS-GNIS-Papakating_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGS-GNIS-Papakating-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Papakating Creek</b> is a 20.1-mile-long (32.3 km) <a href="/wiki/Tributary" title="Tributary">tributary</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Wallkill_River" title="Wallkill River">Wallkill River</a> located in <a href="/wiki/Frankford_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Frankford Township, New Jersey">Frankford</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wantage_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Wantage Township, New Jersey">Wantage</a> townships in <a href="/wiki/Sussex_County,_New_Jersey" title="Sussex County, New Jersey">Sussex County</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> in the United States. The creek rises in a small swamp located beneath the eastern face of <a href="/wiki/Kittatinny_Mountain" title="Kittatinny Mountain">Kittatinny Mountain</a> in Frankford and its waters join the Wallkill to the east of <a href="/wiki/Sussex,_New_Jersey" title="Sussex, New Jersey">Sussex borough</a>. </p><p>Papakating Creek and its three major tributaries drain the northern portion of New Jersey's <a href="/wiki/Kittatinny_Valley" title="Kittatinny Valley">Kittatinny Valley</a> a fertile valley underlain by shale and limestone of the <a href="/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician">Ordovician</a> <a href="/wiki/Martinsburg_Formation" title="Martinsburg Formation">Martinsburg Formation</a> and soils deposited by retreating <a href="/wiki/Glacier" title="Glacier">glaciers</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_glaciation" title="Wisconsin glaciation">last ice age</a>. The region which the Papakating Creek and its tributaries drain is largely rural farmland and forests with a few low-density residential communities. The <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Department_of_Environmental_Protection" title="New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection">New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection</a> reports that <a href="/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus">phosphorus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fecal_coliform" title="Fecal coliform">fecal coliform</a> from agricultural or residential runoff as well as <a href="/wiki/Arsenic" title="Arsenic">arsenic</a> from agricultural pesticide applications or regional mineralogy impair the creek. Within the watershed are lands belonging to <a href="/wiki/List_of_New_Jersey_state_parks" title="List of New Jersey state parks">two state parks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wallkill_River_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Wallkill River National Wildlife Refuge">one federal wildlife refuge</a>, and preserves managed by the New Jersey Natural Lands Trust which set aside tracts for wildlife habitats that protect unique ecosystems and some threatened species. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_and_toponymy">History and toponymy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papakating_Creek&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History and toponymy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Papakating_Post_Office_Frankford_Township_NJ_in_M_R_Knight_General_Merchandise.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Papakating_Post_Office_Frankford_Township_NJ_in_M_R_Knight_General_Merchandise.jpg/220px-Papakating_Post_Office_Frankford_Township_NJ_in_M_R_Knight_General_Merchandise.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Papakating_Post_Office_Frankford_Township_NJ_in_M_R_Knight_General_Merchandise.jpg/330px-Papakating_Post_Office_Frankford_Township_NJ_in_M_R_Knight_General_Merchandise.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Papakating_Post_Office_Frankford_Township_NJ_in_M_R_Knight_General_Merchandise.jpg/440px-Papakating_Post_Office_Frankford_Township_NJ_in_M_R_Knight_General_Merchandise.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="654" /></a><figcaption>The Papakating Post Office was located in M. R. Knight's General Merchandise store, circa 1890–1900</figcaption></figure> <p>On June 29, 1897, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s <a href="/wiki/Board_of_Geographic_Names" class="mw-redirect" title="Board of Geographic Names">Board of Geographic Names</a> approved the <a href="/wiki/Toponym" class="mw-redirect" title="Toponym">toponym</a> <i>Papakating</i> for a creek in northwestern New Jersey.<sup id="cite_ref-USGS-GNIS-Papakating_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGS-GNIS-Papakating-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BGNdecisioncard_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BGNdecisioncard-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Papakating</i> is derived from the language spoken by the <a href="/wiki/Munsee" title="Munsee">Munsee</a> (the northern branch of the <a href="/wiki/Lenape" title="Lenape">Lenape</a> or <a href="/wiki/Delaware_Indians" class="mw-redirect" title="Delaware Indians">Delaware Indians</a>) who inhabited northern New Jersey, northeastern Pennsylvania, and southern New York and western Long Island at the time of European settlement of eastern seaboard of the United States. </p><p>The name <i>Papakating</i>, and several variant spellings, had been recorded for the creek consistently since the American colonial period. Maps and documents at the time of the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a> often render the name as <i>Pepocottin</i> or <i>Pepper-Cotton</i>. The name was used for both the creek and its valley, and subsequently during the nineteenth century for a small hamlet that later gave its name to a post office and train depot. The post office was authorized as "Pepokating" on August 26, 1851 and the name revised to the more common spelling of Papakating in 1862. Service to this post office was discontinued in 1923. </p><p>Today, the site of a confluence between an unnamed tributary and the Papakating Creek is known as <i>Pellettown</i> and the Board of Geographic Names lists <i>Pellet Creek</i> and <i>Pellettown Creek</i> as historical names that have been used for the creek in the past.<sup id="cite_ref-USGS-GNIS-Papakating_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGS-GNIS-Papakating-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BGNdecisioncard_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BGNdecisioncard-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These alternate names for the creek, which were used briefly in the nineteenth century, are associated with William Pellet, Jr. (1771–1806) and Obadiah Pellet (1775–1849), who settled along the Papakating after purchasing 600 acres of farmland in Frankford Township in 1801. Obadiah eventually acquired "twelve valuable farms comprising twenty-five hundred acres of land".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pellet established house, grist mill, blacksmith shop and store by 1812, and "the site of these activities was known as Pepocotting (became Papakating), after the stream on which they had located, but gradually adopted the name Pellettown". His son Stephen J. Pellet (1820–1886), a local farmer, merchant, and <a href="/wiki/Justice_of_the_Peace" class="mw-redirect" title="Justice of the Peace">Justice of the Peace</a> who was appointed the first postmaster of the Papakating post office operating in his store. </p><p>Today, the Papakating Creek and its watershed is rural in character; consisting of farmland, forests, and wetlands. There are a few low-density communities.<sup id="cite_ref-NJDEP_Frankford_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJDEP_Frankford-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJDEP_Amend-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several of the tributaries of the Papakating Creek have been <a href="/wiki/Dam" title="Dam">dammed</a> to create <a href="/wiki/Man-made_lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Man-made lake">man-made lakes</a> that were the centre of <a href="/wiki/Residential_development" class="mw-redirect" title="Residential development">residential developments</a>. in 1926, a dam was erected on <a href="/wiki/Clove_Creek" class="mw-redirect" title="Clove Creek">Clove Creek</a> in Sussex Borough to create Clove Acres Lake at the site of a former horse racing track and picnic spot. The 32.5-acre (13.2 ha) lake was developed into a lakeside community in that straddles the border between Sussex and Wantage Township.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1950s, <a href="/wiki/Lake_Neepaulin" title="Lake Neepaulin">Lake Neepaulin</a> in Wantage Township was created by damming an unnamed mountain stream.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2002, local residents of the Lake Neepaulin community decided to name the unnamed tributary <i><a href="/wiki/Neepaulakating_Creek" title="Neepaulakating Creek">Neepaulakating Creek</a></i> from a combination of elements of the names <i>Neepaulin</i> and <i>Papakating</i>. Despite its seemingly Native American appearance, <i>Neepaulin</i> is not derived from Munsee or any other Native American language. Lake Neepaulin was named after a combination of the original developers children's names.<sup id="cite_ref-NC_USGS_GNIS_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NC_USGS_GNIS-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USGScasebrief_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGScasebrief-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Board of Geographic Names approved the name on April 8, 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Course">Course</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papakating_Creek&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Course"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Winding_Brook_Farm_Papakating_Creek_drone_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Winding_Brook_Farm_Papakating_Creek_drone_photo.jpg/220px-Winding_Brook_Farm_Papakating_Creek_drone_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Winding_Brook_Farm_Papakating_Creek_drone_photo.jpg/330px-Winding_Brook_Farm_Papakating_Creek_drone_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Winding_Brook_Farm_Papakating_Creek_drone_photo.jpg/440px-Winding_Brook_Farm_Papakating_Creek_drone_photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1152" /></a><figcaption>An aerial drone photo of the twisting and turning of Papakating Creek, seen from above Winding Brook Farm in Frankford Township</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/River_source" title="River source">headwaters</a> of Papakating Creek are located at 900 feet (270 m) above sea level in <a href="/wiki/Frankford_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Frankford Township, New Jersey">Frankford Township</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a>. The stream begins in a small swamp at the foot of <a href="/wiki/Kittatinny_Mountain" title="Kittatinny Mountain">Kittatinny Mountain</a>, immediately beneath a prominence along that ridge known as <a href="/wiki/Sunrise_Mountain_(New_Jersey)" title="Sunrise Mountain (New Jersey)">Sunrise Mountain</a>, elevation 1,650 feet (500 m).<sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoBranchville-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This source is located in the northernmost corner of Frankford Township, approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) west of the hamlet of Beemerville in Wantage Township.<sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoBranchville-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Salisbury1902_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salisbury1902-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From the source, the Papakating flows southeast through Frankford Township north of the borough of <a href="/wiki/Branchville,_New_Jersey" title="Branchville, New Jersey">Branchville</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoBranchville-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this region, the Papakating is separated from the watershed of the southward-flowing <a href="/wiki/Dry_Brook_(Paulins_Kill_tributary)" title="Dry Brook (Paulins Kill tributary)">Dry Brook</a>, a tributary of the <a href="/wiki/Paulins_Kill" title="Paulins Kill">Paulins Kill</a>, by approximately 500 feet. The two watersheds are divided by a small rise in elevation of 20–30 feet between the drainages the two streams.<sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoBranchville-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Immediately to the north of Frankford Plains, a high flat-topped deposit of sand and gravel, the Papakating turns southeast.<sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoBranchville-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Salisbury1902_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salisbury1902-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It generally weaves along the path of George Hill Road in Frankford where it reaches the bottom of Kittatinny Valley and turns to the northeast.<sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoBranchville-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Flowing northeast, the Papakating passes through a series of named crossroads or small hamlets, including Armstrong and Pellettown in Frankford. The stream <a href="/wiki/Meander" title="Meander">meanders</a> through several miles of farmland along the floor of Kittatinny Valley. At Pellettown, formerly known as Papakating, the creek is joined by an unnamed tributary and passes under the path of <a href="/wiki/County_Route_565_(New_Jersey)" title="County Route 565 (New Jersey)">County Route 565</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoBranchville-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Route 565 is a north–south <a href="/wiki/List_of_500-series_county_routes_in_New_Jersey" title="List of 500-series county routes in New Jersey">county highway</a> connecting Sussex borough and <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Route_23" title="New Jersey Route 23">New Jersey Route 23</a> with Ross's Corner (its terminus) where it meets <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Route_15" title="New Jersey Route 15">New Jersey Route 15</a> and <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_206" title="U.S. Route 206">U.S. Route 206</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoBranchville-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From Pelletown, the road runs roughly parallel to the west of the creek's course.<sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoBranchville-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A railbed constructed in the 1870s and 1880s by the <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania,_Poughkeepsie_%26_Boston_Railroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Pennsylvania, Poughkeepsie & Boston Railroad">Pennsylvania, Poughkeepsie & Boston Railroad</a> (PP&B) for a line connecting <a href="/wiki/Slatington,_Pennsylvania" title="Slatington, Pennsylvania">Slatington, Pennsylvania</a> to <a href="/wiki/Pine_Island,_New_York" title="Pine Island, New York">Pine Island, New York</a> parallels the creek's east bank through Frankford and Wantage.<sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoBranchville-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-KulpLNERR_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KulpLNERR-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DruryLNERR_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DruryLNERR-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This line was later operated by the <a href="/wiki/Lehigh_and_New_England_Railroad" title="Lehigh and New England Railroad">Lehigh and New England Railroad</a> until 1961.<sup id="cite_ref-KulpLNERR_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KulpLNERR-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DruryLNERR_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DruryLNERR-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At McCoy's Corner in Wantage, an intersection south of Sussex borough, the waters of the Papakating Creek merge with its tributary <a href="/wiki/West_Branch_Papakating_Creek" title="West Branch Papakating Creek">West Branch Papakating Creek</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoBranchville-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The creek continues to flow northeast on the east side of <a href="/wiki/Sussex_Airport_(New_Jersey)" title="Sussex Airport (New Jersey)">Sussex Airport</a>. To the immediate north of Sussex Airport, at the hamlet of Lewisburg in Wantage, the waters of both <a href="/wiki/Neepaulakating_Creek" title="Neepaulakating Creek">Neepaulakating Creek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clove_Brook" title="Clove Brook">Clove Brook</a> join the creek. The Papakating begins to turn eastward and is crossed by bridge carrying <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Route_23" title="New Jersey Route 23">New Jersey Route 23</a>. The creek enters a dense marsh terrain, historically known as the "Drowned Lands of the Wallkill", before flowing into the <a href="/wiki/Wallkill_River" title="Wallkill River">Wallkill River</a> east of <a href="/wiki/Sussex,_New_Jersey" title="Sussex, New Jersey">Sussex borough</a> and north of <a href="/wiki/Hamburg,_New_Jersey" title="Hamburg, New Jersey">Hamburg borough</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoBranchville-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoHamburg_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoHamburg-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Watershed">Watershed</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papakating_Creek&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Watershed"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geology_and_topography">Geology and topography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papakating_Creek&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Geology and topography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kittatinny_valley_seen_from_sunrise_mountain_aka_kittatinny_mountain_nj.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Kittatinny_valley_seen_from_sunrise_mountain_aka_kittatinny_mountain_nj.jpg/220px-Kittatinny_valley_seen_from_sunrise_mountain_aka_kittatinny_mountain_nj.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Kittatinny_valley_seen_from_sunrise_mountain_aka_kittatinny_mountain_nj.jpg/330px-Kittatinny_valley_seen_from_sunrise_mountain_aka_kittatinny_mountain_nj.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Kittatinny_valley_seen_from_sunrise_mountain_aka_kittatinny_mountain_nj.jpg/440px-Kittatinny_valley_seen_from_sunrise_mountain_aka_kittatinny_mountain_nj.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1836" /></a><figcaption>Kittatinny Valley seen from Sunrise Mountain which rises above the headwaters of Papakating Creek and looks out over the creek's watershed.</figcaption></figure> <p>Papakting Creek drains a <a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">watershed</a> of 60.6 square miles (157 km<sup>2</sup>) or 38,798 acres (15,701 ha) in area. It includes portions of Frankford, <a href="/wiki/Lafayette_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Lafayette Township, New Jersey">Lafayette</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montague_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Montague Township, New Jersey">Montague</a>, and Wantage Townships, as well as all of <a href="/wiki/Sussex,_New_Jersey" title="Sussex, New Jersey">Sussex Borough</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PCCAwatershedPlan_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PCCAwatershedPlan-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Department_of_Environmental_Protection" title="New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection">New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection</a> (NJDEP), the watershed consists of gently sloping agricultural farm fields, wooded forests, wetlands, low-density residential development and older individually built homes.<sup id="cite_ref-NJDEP_Frankford_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJDEP_Frankford-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its <a href="/wiki/Topography" title="Topography">topography</a> ranges from gently rolling in the east to strongly sloping in the west.<sup id="cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJDEP_Amend-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its watershed contributes to the Wallkill River which flows north and joins the waters of <a href="/wiki/Rondout_Creek" title="Rondout Creek">Rondout Creek</a> at <a href="/wiki/Esopus,_New_York" title="Esopus, New York">Esopus, New York</a>, a short distance before the Rondout flows into the <a href="/wiki/Hudson_River" title="Hudson River">Hudson River</a> near <a href="/wiki/Kingston,_New_York" title="Kingston, New York">Kingston, New York</a>. </p><p>Of the Papakating's watershed's acreage, 10,760 acres (4,350 ha) or 27.7% of agricultural land, 297.6 acres (120.4 ha) or 0.8% is barren land, 16,448.6 acres (6,656.5 ha) or 42.4% is forested, 4,819 acres (1,950 ha) or 12.4% is urban development, 5,982.2 acres (2,420.9 ha) or 15.4% is wetlands, and 490.8 acres (198.6 ha) or 1.3% is water.<sup id="cite_ref-WRPCwatershedplan_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WRPCwatershedplan-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to 2002 figures, the watershed was estimated to be home to approximately 11,602 residents of Sussex County.<sup id="cite_ref-WRPCwatershedplan_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WRPCwatershedplan-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Papakating Creek watershed is flanked on the west by <a href="/wiki/Kittatinny_Mountain" title="Kittatinny Mountain">Kittatinny Mountain</a> and on the east by the watershed of the Wallkill. To the east of the Wallkill River are the mountains of New Jersey's <a href="/wiki/New_York_-_New_Jersey_Highlands" class="mw-redirect" title="New York - New Jersey Highlands">Highlands physiographic province</a>. Kittatinny Valley is underlain by dark shale and limestone of the <a href="/wiki/Martinsburg_Formation" title="Martinsburg Formation">Martinsburg Formation</a> and has soils that are glacial in origin.<sup id="cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJDEP_Amend-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USGS_I1250A_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGS_I1250A-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SurficialGeology_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SurficialGeology-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Martinsburg Formation is a two-mile-thick (3.2 km) layer of a thick <a href="/wiki/Turbidite" title="Turbidite">turbidite</a> sequence of weaker <a href="/wiki/Sedimentary_rock" title="Sedimentary rock">sedimentary materials</a>, mostly slate, <a href="/wiki/Greywacke" title="Greywacke">greywacke</a> sandstone, shale, and limestone derived from <a href="/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician">Ordovician-period</a> deep ocean floor deposits (540 to 400 million years ago).<sup id="cite_ref-NJValleyRidge_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJValleyRidge-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USGSMartinsburgFormation_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGSMartinsburgFormation-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The creek's watershed is located in the northern <a href="/wiki/Kittatinny_Valley" title="Kittatinny Valley">Kittatinny Valley</a> in New Jersey which is a segment of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Appalachian_Valley" title="Great Appalachian Valley">Great Appalachian Valley</a>, a 1,200-miles (1,900 km) trough spanning from Quebec to Alabama. Elevations within the Kittatinny Valley range from 400 feet (120 m) to 1,000 feet (300 m).<sup id="cite_ref-SCsoilsurvey_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCsoilsurvey-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In New Jersey, the northern portion of Kittatinny Valley is drained by the watershed of the Wallkill River of which Papakating Creek is a tributary. Its southern portion is drained by <a href="/wiki/Paulins_Kill" title="Paulins Kill">Paulins Kill</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pequest_River" title="Pequest River">Pequest River</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SCsoilsurvey_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCsoilsurvey-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The watersheds of northern and southern Kittatinny Valley are divided by a <a href="/wiki/Glacial_moraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Glacial moraine">glacial moraine</a>. The Papakating valley's topography and surficial geology is defined by stratified and unstratified drift as well as <a href="/wiki/Till" title="Till">till</a> and gravel deposits left behind by the retreating <a href="/wiki/Glacier" title="Glacier">glaciers</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_glaciation" title="Wisconsin glaciation">Wisconsin glaciation</a> (the last ice age) and feature several <a href="/wiki/Kame" title="Kame">kames</a> and kame terraces.<sup id="cite_ref-Salisbury1902_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salisbury1902-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SurficialGeology_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SurficialGeology-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SCsoilsurvey_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCsoilsurvey-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A unique feature in the watershed is <a href="/wiki/Rutan_Hill" title="Rutan Hill">Rutan Hill</a>, also called Volcanic Hill, thought to be the throat of an ancient, extinct <a href="/wiki/Volcano" title="Volcano">volcano</a> which was active at the end of the <a href="/wiki/Taconic_Orogeny" class="mw-redirect" title="Taconic Orogeny">Taconic Orogeny</a> approximately 420 million years ago. This nondescript hill in the Beemerville section of Wantage Township, is the surface expression of a lamprophyric <a href="/wiki/Diatreme" title="Diatreme">diatreme</a> that is the northern part of the Late Ordovician Beemerville Alkaline Complex that also includes two large <a href="/wiki/Nepheline_syenite" title="Nepheline syenite">nepheline syenite</a> <a href="/wiki/Pluton" class="mw-redirect" title="Pluton">plutons</a>; and several other nearby and much smaller <a href="/wiki/Levee" title="Levee">dikes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sill_(geology)" title="Sill (geology)">sills</a>, and diatremes.<sup id="cite_ref-USGS_I1250A_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGS_I1250A-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hydrology_and_pollution">Hydrology and pollution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papakating_Creek&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Hydrology and pollution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Triadenum_fraseri.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Triadenum_fraseri.jpg/220px-Triadenum_fraseri.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Triadenum_fraseri.jpg/330px-Triadenum_fraseri.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Triadenum_fraseri.jpg/440px-Triadenum_fraseri.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2068" data-file-height="2016" /></a><figcaption>The Armstrong Bog in the Papakating Creek watershed is a habitat for the rare Fraser's Saint John's wort (<i>Triadenum fraseri</i>).</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2004, the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection designated a 2.5-mile (4.0 km) segment of Papakating Creek in the vicinity of Sussex Borough and Clove Creek (including Clove Acres Lake) to be <a href="/wiki/Clean_Water_Act#Water_Quality_Standards_Program" title="Clean Water Act">impaired</a> by <a href="/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus">phosphorus</a> <a href="/wiki/Total_maximum_daily_load" title="Total maximum daily load">loading</a>. NJDEP estimates a phosphorus concentration of 0.0791 mg/L and a discharge of 9,234.1 kilograms (20,358 lb) of phosphorus each year. The source of most of its presence is derived from the runoff of <a href="/wiki/Fertilizer" title="Fertilizer">fertilizer</a> applications on residential lawns and agricultural operations.<sup id="cite_ref-NJDEP_Frankford_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJDEP_Frankford-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJDEP_Amend-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NJDEP identifies that "runoff from land surfaces was found to comprise a substantial portion of the phosphorus load", citing that large communities of geese that reside within the lake communities along Neepaulakating Creek and the nearby Clove Brook also contribute phosphorus to the creek. Clove Acres Lake is identified as being <a href="/wiki/Eutrophic" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutrophic">eutrophic</a> in that phosphorus loading has stimulated excessive growth of algae and aquatic plants resulting in an accelerating aging of the lake, sedimentation and excessive loading of silt and organic matter, fluctuating oxygen saturation and depletion, and that these factors can impact the creek through a potential <a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_loss" title="Biodiversity loss">loss of biodiversity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NJDEP_Frankford_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJDEP_Frankford-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJDEP_Amend-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The creek is further impaired to a lesser extent by other pollutants including <a href="/wiki/Fecal_coliform" title="Fecal coliform">fecal coliform</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arsenic" title="Arsenic">arsenic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJDEP_Amend-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The presence of fecal coliform (chiefly <i><a href="/wiki/Enterococcus" title="Enterococcus">Enterococcus</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Escherichia_coli" title="Escherichia coli">Escherichia coli</a></i>) can be attributed both to residential septic and sewage systems and to farm animals and wildlife. While no specific source of arsenic has been identified, NJDEP indicates that possible sources may include the leaching of arsenic into the water from naturally occurring mineralogy within the watershed or to the agricultural use of pesticides.<sup id="cite_ref-NJDEP_Frankford_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJDEP_Frankford-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJDEP_Amend-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tributaries">Tributaries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papakating_Creek&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Tributaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" width="225">Tributary </th> <th scope="col" width="120">Photograph </th> <th scope="col" width="100">Length </th> <th scope="col" width="200">Source location </th> <th scope="col" width="120">Source elevation </th> <th scope="col" width="200">Mouth location </th> <th scope="col" width="120">Mouth elevation </th> <th scope="col" width="80">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>Unnamed tributary</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>1 mile W of Beemerville<br /><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Papakating_Creek&params=41.215827_N_74.709822_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°12′57″N</span> <span class="longitude">74°42′35″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.215827°N 74.709822°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.215827; -74.709822</span></span></span></a></span></span></td> <td>960 feet (290 m)<sup id="cite_ref-elevationestimate_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elevationestimate-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>at Pellettown, Frankford Township<br /><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Papakating_Creek&params=41.160248_N_74.679862_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°09′37″N</span> <span class="longitude">74°40′48″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.160248°N 74.679862°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.160248; -74.679862</span></span></span></a></span></span></td> <td>430 feet (130 m)<sup id="cite_ref-elevationestimate_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elevationestimate-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoBranchville-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Unnamed tributary<br />(draining Lake Windsor)</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>S of Lake Winsdor<br />in Lafayette Township<br /><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Papakating_Creek&params=41.15756_N_74.638647_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°09′27″N</span> <span class="longitude">74°38′19″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.157560°N 74.638647°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.157560; -74.638647</span></span></span></a></span></span></td> <td>540 feet (160 m)<sup id="cite_ref-elevationestimate_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elevationestimate-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1 mile S of McCoys' Corner<br /><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Papakating_Creek&params=41.177731_N_74.639807_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°10′40″N</span> <span class="longitude">74°38′23″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.177731°N 74.639807°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.177731; -74.639807</span></span></span></a></span></span></td> <td>410 feet (120 m)<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoBranchville-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Branch_Papakating_Creek" title="West Branch Papakating Creek">West Branch Papakating Creek</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:West_Branch_Papakating_Creek_near_mouth_in_Wantage_Township_New_Jersey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/West_Branch_Papakating_Creek_near_mouth_in_Wantage_Township_New_Jersey.jpg/120px-West_Branch_Papakating_Creek_near_mouth_in_Wantage_Township_New_Jersey.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/West_Branch_Papakating_Creek_near_mouth_in_Wantage_Township_New_Jersey.jpg/180px-West_Branch_Papakating_Creek_near_mouth_in_Wantage_Township_New_Jersey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/West_Branch_Papakating_Creek_near_mouth_in_Wantage_Township_New_Jersey.jpg/240px-West_Branch_Papakating_Creek_near_mouth_in_Wantage_Township_New_Jersey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></td> <td>–</td> <td>1 mile N of Beemerville<br /><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Papakating_Creek&params=41.2250818_N_74.6982336_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°13′30″N</span> <span class="longitude">74°41′54″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.2250818°N 74.6982336°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.2250818; -74.6982336</span></span></span></a></span></span></td> <td>960 feet (290 m)<sup id="cite_ref-elevationestimate_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elevationestimate-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>0.6 miles S of McCoy's Corner, Wantage Township<br /><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Papakating_Creek&params=41.1881557_N_74.6324565_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°11′17″N</span> <span class="longitude">74°37′57″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.1881557°N 74.6324565°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.1881557; -74.6324565</span></span></span></a></span></span></td> <td>397 feet (121 m)</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-WBPC_USGS_GNIS_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WBPC_USGS_GNIS-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USGS_NHD_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGS_NHD-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Neepaulakating_Creek" title="Neepaulakating Creek">Neepaulakating Creek</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Neepaulakating_Creek_near_headwaters.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Neepaulakating_Creek_near_headwaters.jpg/120px-Neepaulakating_Creek_near_headwaters.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Neepaulakating_Creek_near_headwaters.jpg/180px-Neepaulakating_Creek_near_headwaters.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Neepaulakating_Creek_near_headwaters.jpg/240px-Neepaulakating_Creek_near_headwaters.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1836" /></a></span></td> <td>2.4 miles (3.9 km)</td> <td>0.4 miles NW of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Neepaulin" title="Lake Neepaulin">Lake Neepaulin</a><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Papakating_Creek&params=41.223151_N_74.6337733_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°13′23″N</span> <span class="longitude">74°38′02″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.223151°N 74.6337733°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.223151; -74.6337733</span></span></span></a></span></span></td> <td>640 feet (200 m)<sup id="cite_ref-elevationestimate_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elevationestimate-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>at Lewisburg, Wantage Township<br /><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Papakating_Creek&params=41.1990769_N_74.6112294_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°11′57″N</span> <span class="longitude">74°36′40″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.1990769°N 74.6112294°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.1990769; -74.6112294</span></span></span></a></span></span></td> <td>394 feet (120 m)</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-NC_USGS_GNIS_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NC_USGS_GNIS-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoHamburg_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoHamburg-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USGS_NHD_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGS_NHD-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Clove_Brook" title="Clove Brook">Clove Brook</a></td> <td>–</td> <td>12.0 miles (19.3 km)</td> <td>1.2 miles E of High Point<br /><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Papakating_Creek&params=41.3220388_N_74.6365509_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°19′19″N</span> <span class="longitude">74°38′12″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.3220388°N 74.6365509°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.3220388; -74.6365509</span></span></span></a></span></span></td> <td>980 feet (300 m)<sup id="cite_ref-elevationestimate_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elevationestimate-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>at Lewisburg, Wantage Township<br /><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Papakating_Creek&params=41.1991698_N_74.610233_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°11′57″N</span> <span class="longitude">74°36′37″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.1991698°N 74.6102330°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.1991698; -74.6102330</span></span></span></a></span></span></td> <td>394 feet (120 m)</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoHamburg_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoHamburg-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USGS_NHD_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGS_NHD-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CB_USGS_GNIS_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CB_USGS_GNIS-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoPortJervisSouth_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoPortJervisSouth-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoUnionville_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoUnionville-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papakating_Creek&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Because of its location in the higher elevations of northwestern New Jersey the Papakating Creek's watershed has a cooler <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">humid continental climate</a> or <a href="/wiki/Microthermal" title="Microthermal">microthermal</a> climate (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a> Dfb) which indicates patterns of significant precipitation in all seasons and at least four months where the average temperature rises above 10 °C (50 °F).<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ThornthwaiteNAmericaClimates_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ThornthwaiteNAmericaClimates-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This differs from the rest of the state which is generally a humid <a href="/wiki/Mesothermal" title="Mesothermal">mesothermal</a> climate, in which temperatures range between −3 °C (27 °F) and 18 °C (64 °F) during the year's coldest month.<sup id="cite_ref-ThornthwaiteNAmericaClimates_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ThornthwaiteNAmericaClimates-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sussex County is part of <a href="/wiki/Hardiness_zone" title="Hardiness zone">USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 6</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">USDA</a> <a href="/wiki/Natural_Resource_Conservation_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural Resource Conservation Service">Natural Resource Conservation Service</a> <a href="/wiki/Soil_survey" title="Soil survey">soil survey</a>, the area receives <a href="/wiki/Sunshine" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunshine">sunshine</a> approximately 62% of the time in summer and 48% in winter. Prevailing winds are typically from the southwest for most of year; but in late winter and early spring come from the northwest.<sup id="cite_ref-SCsoilsurvey_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCsoilsurvey-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Kittatinny Valley to the north of Newton experiences a <a href="/wiki/Snowbelt" title="Snowbelt">snowbelt</a> phenomenon and has been categorized as a <a href="/wiki/Microclimate" title="Microclimate">microclimate</a> region known as the "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sussex_County_Snow_Belt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sussex County Snow Belt (page does not exist)">Sussex County Snow Belt</a>." This region receives approximately forty to fifty inches of snow per year and generally more snowfall that the rest of Northern New Jersey and the Northern Climate Zone.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This phenomenon is attributed to the <a href="/wiki/Orographic_lift" title="Orographic lift">orographic lift</a> of Kittatinny Mountain which impacts local weather patterns by increasing <a href="/wiki/Humidity" title="Humidity">humidity</a> and <a href="/wiki/Precipitation_(meteorology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Precipitation (meteorology)">precipitation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The monthly daily average temperature ranges from 25.0 °F (−3.9 °C) in January to 71.1 °F (21.7 °C) in July. Temperatures reach 90 °F (32 °C) on 12.6 days and fall to 0 °F (−18 °C) on 6 nights annually. Snowfall averages 42 inches (107 cm) per season, although this usually varies widely from year to year. Extremes in temperature range from −29 °F (−34 °C) on <a href="/wiki/1994_North_American_cold_wave" title="1994 North American cold wave">January 21, 1994</a> up to 106 °F (41 °C) on July 10, 1936.<sup id="cite_ref-SCsoilsurvey_26-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCsoilsurvey-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Sussex, New Jersey (1981–2010 normals) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71<br />(22) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73<br />(23) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90<br />(32) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">95<br />(35) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">97<br />(36) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">98<br />(37) </td> <td style="background: #FF0300; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">106<br />(41) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">102<br />(39) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">102<br />(39) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">92<br />(33) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84<br />(29) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75<br />(24) </td> <td style="background: #FF0300; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">106<br />(41) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.1<br />(1.2) </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.9<br />(3.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFE5CC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46.8<br />(8.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.9<br />(14.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.8<br />(21.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.8<br />(25.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82.3<br />(27.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80.8<br />(27.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8002; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73.1<br />(22.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA55; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.2<br />(16.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD5AC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.9<br />(10.5) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38.7<br />(3.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56B; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">59.4<br />(15.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.8<br />(−9.0) </td> <td style="background: #BCBCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.9<br />(−7.8) </td> <td style="background: #D3D3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.7<br />(−3.5) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.1<br />(2.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.4<br />(7.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.1<br />(12.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.0<br />(15.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA76; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.0<br />(14.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.1<br />(10.1) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38.4<br />(3.6) </td> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.0<br />(−0.6) </td> <td style="background: #C7C7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.6<br />(−5.8) </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">37.9<br />(3.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #2F2FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−29<br />(−34) </td> <td style="background: #3F3FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−23<br />(−31) </td> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−10<br />(−23) </td> <td style="background: #A0A0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9<br />(−13) </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24<br />(−4) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33<br />(1) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40<br />(4) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34<br />(1) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27<br />(−3) </td> <td style="background: #ABABFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13<br />(−11) </td> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6<br />(−14) </td> <td style="background: #5F5FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−13<br />(−25) </td> <td style="background: #2F2FFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−29<br />(−34) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> inches (mm) </th> <td style="background: #86FF86; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.19<br />(81) </td> <td style="background: #89FF89; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.83<br />(72) </td> <td style="background: #72FF72; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.69<br />(94) </td> <td style="background: #58FF58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.27<br />(108) </td> <td style="background: #64FF64; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.10<br />(104) </td> <td style="background: #52FF52; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.41<br />(112) </td> <td style="background: #67FF67; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.02<br />(102) </td> <td style="background: #61FF61; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.18<br />(106) </td> <td style="background: #5AFF5A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.23<br />(107) </td> <td style="background: #53FF53; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.52<br />(115) </td> <td style="background: #77FF77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.47<br />(88) </td> <td style="background: #71FF71; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.74<br />(95) </td> <td style="background: #69FF69; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">46.65<br />(1,184) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall inches (cm) </th> <td style="background: #000030; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.8<br />(35) </td> <td style="background: #000075; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">9.4<br />(24) </td> <td style="background: #0101FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">6.5<br />(17) </td> <td style="background: #B0B0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0<br />(5.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #CCCCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.3<br />(3.3) </td> <td style="background: #0000A7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">9.2<br />(23) </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">42.2<br />(107.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.01 in)</span> </th> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6 </td> <td style="background: #8A8AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.6 </td> <td style="background: #7676FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.1 </td> <td style="background: #6060FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.4 </td> <td style="background: #6363FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.6 </td> <td style="background: #7272FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0 </td> <td style="background: #7878FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9 </td> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7 </td> <td style="background: #8A8AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1 </td> <td style="background: #8282FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1 </td> <td style="background: #8080FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9 </td> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7 </td> <td style="background: #7979FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">127.7 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.1 in)</span> </th> <td style="background: #BCBCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.4 </td> <td style="background: #CCCCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.7 </td> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.6 </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">.5 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">.1 </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">.6 </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.2 </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">16.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: NOAA (extremes 1893–present)<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wildlife_and_conservation">Wildlife and conservation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papakating_Creek&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Wildlife and conservation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bog_Turtle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Bog_Turtle.jpg/220px-Bog_Turtle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Bog_Turtle.jpg/330px-Bog_Turtle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Bog_Turtle.jpg/440px-Bog_Turtle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="811" data-file-height="853" /></a><figcaption>An adult bog turtle (<i>Glyptemys muhlenbergii</i>). Measuring up to 4 inches (7.5 cm) long at maturity, it is the smallest North American species of turtle.</figcaption></figure> <p>Several large tracts of land within the Papakating watershed are <a href="/wiki/Protected_area" title="Protected area">protected areas</a> administered by state and federal governments. Segments of land along the eastern face Kittatinny Mountain are located within the boundaries of <a href="/wiki/High_Point_State_Park" title="High Point State Park">High Point State Park</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stokes_State_Forest" title="Stokes State Forest">Stokes State Forest</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJDEP_Amend-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mouth of Papakating Creek and several areas purchased by preservation or conservation groups along the river's course (known as the Papakating Creek Preserve) are administered by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Jersey_Natural_Lands_Trust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New Jersey Natural Lands Trust (page does not exist)">New Jersey Natural Lands Trust</a> in partnership with the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Fish_and_Wildlife_Service" title="United States Fish and Wildlife Service">United States Fish and Wildlife Service</a> as part of the larger <a href="/wiki/Wallkill_River_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Wallkill River National Wildlife Refuge">Wallkill River National Wildlife Refuge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJDEP_Amend-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NJNaturalLandsPCP_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJNaturalLandsPCP-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These areas allow for recreational activities including fishing, hunting, hiking, mountain biking, horseback riding, and birdwatching. Further, Papakating Creek is <a href="/wiki/Fish_stocking" title="Fish stocking">stocked</a> with several species of <a href="/wiki/Trout" title="Trout">trout</a> (<a href="/wiki/Brook_trout" title="Brook trout">brook</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brown_trout" title="Brown trout">brown</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rainbow_trout" title="Rainbow trout">rainbow</a>) in the Spring and early Summer by the <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Division_of_Fish_and_Wildlife" title="New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife">New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife</a> for <a href="/wiki/Recreational_fishing" title="Recreational fishing">recreational fishing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The New Jersey Natural Lands Trust states that the Papakating Creek watershed offers a variety of habitats for plants and animals, including several that are designated threatened or endangered by the state and federal governments. These habitats include: </p> <blockquote><p>Meadows and pastures offer grassland habitat for songbirds and hunting opportunity for red-tailed hawks. The forest lands of ash, maple and hemlock provide cool, shaded conditions to the slow moving creek. Here, raccoon, mink and possum make bridges of the numerous fallen trees which cross the creek. ... Wood frog and salamander utilize fringes of some of the smaller wetlands. Painted turtles and bluegills swim within the deeper oxbows and pools along the Papakating Creek.<sup id="cite_ref-NJNaturalLandsPCP_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJNaturalLandsPCP-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In 2010, the Trust for Public Land finalized the purchase of the Armstrong Bog which was described as a rare <a href="/wiki/Calcareous_grassland" title="Calcareous grassland">Calcareous</a> <a href="/wiki/Fen" title="Fen">fen</a> <a href="/wiki/Wetland" title="Wetland">wetland</a> site in order to aid the "recovery of the federal threatened and state endangered <a href="/wiki/Bog_turtle" title="Bog turtle">bog turtle</a>" (<i>Glyptemys muhlenbergii</i>), and preserve "plant habitat for the rare <a href="/wiki/Triadenum_fraseri" class="mw-redirect" title="Triadenum fraseri">Fraser's Saint John's wort</a>" (<i>Triadenum fraseri</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bog is described as a <a href="/wiki/Wet_meadow" title="Wet meadow">wet meadow</a> that features the pinkish-purple flowers of <a href="/wiki/New_York_ironweed" class="mw-redirect" title="New York ironweed">New York ironweed</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Pye_weed" class="mw-redirect" title="Joe Pye weed">Joe Pye weed</a> in late summer and that "woodchucks have dug their dens on the gently sloping edge between the forest and the old corn field".<sup id="cite_ref-NJNaturalLandsPCP_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJNaturalLandsPCP-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A smaller parcel features streamside wetlands of <a href="/wiki/Viburnum_dentatum" title="Viburnum dentatum">arrowwood</a> and <a href="/wiki/Elderberry" class="mw-redirect" title="Elderberry">elderberry</a> which provides "habitat ideal for wood turtles and yellow-throated warblers".<sup id="cite_ref-NJNaturalLandsPCP_45-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJNaturalLandsPCP-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papakating_Creek&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Dirt_Region" title="Black Dirt Region">Black Dirt Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_landforms_in_Sussex_County,_New_Jersey" title="List of landforms in Sussex County, New Jersey">List of landforms in Sussex County, New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_place_names_of_Native_American_origin_in_New_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="List of place names of Native American origin in New Jersey">List of place names of Native American origin in New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_New_Jersey" title="List of rivers of New Jersey">List of rivers of New Jersey</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papakating_Creek&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-elevationestimate-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-elevationestimate_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-elevationestimate_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-elevationestimate_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-elevationestimate_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-elevationestimate_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-elevationestimate_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-elevationestimate_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">This source elevation are rounded to the appropriate multiple of ten after estimating elevation from the location's position on a topographical map and identifying the appropriate elevation contour lines.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to Google Maps, the turn to the east and following George Hill Road begins at Latitude 41.164692°N 74.725966°W and ends at 41.141899°N 74.697399°W.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The figure of 9,234.1 kg/year is derived from adding the reported data of 2444.6 kg/yr from Clove Acres Lake and 6789.5 kg/year from the Papakating watershed excluding Clove Acres Lake.<sup id="cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJDEP_Amend-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <i>Branchville NJ USGS Quadrangle</i> map places the mouth of this unnamed tributary between two locations where the Papakating Creek's elevation is indicated as 410 feet (upstream of mouth) and 409 feet (downstream of mouth) above sea level.<sup id="cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGStopoBranchville-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papakating_Creek&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-USGS-GNIS-Papakating-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USGS-GNIS-Papakating_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGS-GNIS-Papakating_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGS-GNIS-Papakating_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">United States Geological Survey, Geographic Names Information System, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=136:3:0::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:879110,Papakating%20Creek">Feature Detail Report for: Papakating Creek (879110)</a>. Retrieved July 25, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BGNdecisioncard-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BGNdecisioncard_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BGNdecisioncard_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">United States Geological Survey, Geographic Names Information System, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/feat_card?p_file=2583">Decision Card for Papakating</a> (June 29, 1897). Retrieved July 25, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LU5KAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA877&lpg=PA877">Biographical and Genealogical History of Morris and Sussex Counties, New Jersey, Illustrated, Volume II</a></i> (New York: Lewis Publishing Company, 1899), 877.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NJDEP_Frankford-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NJDEP_Frankford_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NJDEP_Frankford_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NJDEP_Frankford_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NJDEP_Frankford_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NJDEP_Frankford_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nj.gov/dep/opsc/docs/oca_frankford.pdf">State Development & Redevelopment Plan. Plan Endorsement Opportunities & Constraints: Analysis for Township of Frankford, Sussex County</a></i> (2009), 14, 16. Retrieved June 26, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NJDEP_Amend-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NJDEP_Amend_6-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Watershed Management, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.epa.gov/waters/tmdldocs/Papakating%20TMDL%20-%20established.pdf">Amendment to the Sussex County Water Quality Management Plan: Total Maximum Daily Load to Address Phosphorus in the Clove Acres Lake and Papakating Creek Northwest Water Region</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150630110449/http://www.epa.gov/waters/tmdldocs/Papakating%20TMDL%20-%20established.pdf">Archived</a> 2015-06-30 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (also found <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.state.nj.us/dep/wms/bear/Papakating%20TMDL.pdf">here</a>) (2004). Retrieved June 26, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Greg Watry, "Rehabilitation of Clove Lake under way", <i>The New Jersey Herald</i>, April 6, 2015. Retrieved October 17, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eric Oberhauer, "Wantage resident suing over costs of Lake Neepaulin dam", <i>The New Jersey Herald</i>, April 22, 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NC_USGS_GNIS-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NC_USGS_GNIS_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NC_USGS_GNIS_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">United States Geological Survey, Geographic Names Information System, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=136:3:0::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:2037826,Neepaulakating%20Creek">Feature Detail Report for: Neepaulakating Creek (2037826)</a>. Retrieved June 26, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USGScasebrief-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-USGScasebrief_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Friends of Lake Neepaulin, Nathaniel Sajdak, Jennifer E. Runyon (USGS), United States Board of Geographic Names, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/feat_folder?p_file=482223">Case Brief: Neepaulakating Creek</a> (2002). Retrieved June 26, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/feat_folder?p_file=671113">E-mail corresponsdence Jim Rementer (Lenape Language Project) to Jennifer E. Runyon, USGS BGN</a> (March 24, 2004). Retrieved June 26, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/feat_folder?p_file=671115">Letter from Roger L. Payne (USGS) to James L. Doherty (Wantage Township Administrator Clerk)</a> (April 30, 2004). Retrieved June 26, 2015. Quote: "U.S. Board on Geographic Names, at its April 8, 2004, meeting, approved the proposal to name an unnamed stream in Sussex County, Neepaulakating Creek. This decision was made in agreement with the findings and recommendations of your office, the government of Sussex County, and the New Jersey Board on Geographic Names."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USGStopoBranchville-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoBranchville_13-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">United States Geological Survey, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.topoquest.com/map-detail.php?usgs_cell_id=5255">Branchville, NJ Quadrangle USGS 1:24K Topographic Map 41074B6</a></i>. Retrieved July 31, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Salisbury1902-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Salisbury1902_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Salisbury1902_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Salisbury1902_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rollin D. Salisbury, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9T4-AQAAMAAJ">The Glacial Geology of New Jersey: Volume V of the Final Report of the State Geologist</a></i> (Trenton, NJ: MacCrellish & Quigley, 1902), 375ff. Retrieved October 17, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Google Maps, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/41%C2%B009'52.9%22N+74%C2%B043'33.5%22W/@41.164696,-74.7281547,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x0:0x0">Map Location of 41.164692°N 74.725966°W</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/41%C2%B008'30.8%22N+74%C2%B041'50.6%22W/@41.141903,-74.6995877,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x0:0x0">Map Location for 41.141899°N 74.697399°W</a>. Retrieved October 17, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KulpLNERR-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KulpLNERR_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KulpLNERR_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Randolph L. Kulp, <i>History of Lehigh and New England Railroad Company</i>. (Lehigh Valley Chapter, National Railway Historical Society, Inc., 1989).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DruryLNERR-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DruryLNERR_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DruryLNERR_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">George H. Drury, <i>The Historical Guide to North American Railroads: Histories, Figures, and Features of more than 160 Railroads Abandoned or Merged since 1930</i> (Waukesha, Wisconsin: Kalmbach Publishing, 1994), 171–172.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USGStopoHamburg-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoHamburg_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoHamburg_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoHamburg_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">United States Geological Survey, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.topoquest.com/map-detail.php?usgs_cell_id=19050">Hamburg, NJ Quadrangle USGS 1:24K Topographic Map 41074B5</a></i>. Retrieved July 31, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PCCAwatershedPlan-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PCCAwatershedPlan_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wallkill River Watershed Management Group, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wallkillriver.org/watershed-restoration/clove-brook">Papakating Creek & Clove Acres Lake/Clove Brook Watershed Restoration Plan</a>. Retrieved July 26, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WRPCwatershedplan-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WRPCwatershedplan_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WRPCwatershedplan_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ernest Hofer, Nathaniel Sajdak, Wallkill River Watershed Management Group, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wallkillriver.org/uploads/papakating_plan.pdf">Papakating Creek Watershed Restoration Plan: NJDEP Project RP05-088</a> (2008). Retrieved July 26, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USGS_I1250A-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USGS_I1250A_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGS_I1250A_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Avery Ala Drake Jr., Richard A. Volkert, Donald H. Monteverde, Gregory C. Herman, Hugh F. Houghton, Ronald A. Parker, and Richard F. Dalton, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63d9c4">I2540a: Bedrock geologic map of northern New Jersey, IMAP</a>. (Washington DC: United States Geological Survey, 1997). Retrieved October 17, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SurficialGeology-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SurficialGeology_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SurficialGeology_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Byron D. Stone, Scott D. Stanford, and Ron W. Witte, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0543b/report.pdf">U.S. Geological Survey Open File Map OF 95-543B: Surficial Geologic Map of the Northern Sheet, New Jersey</a></i> (United States Geological Survey, New Jersey Geological Survey, 1995), 12. Retrieved October 17, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NJValleyRidge-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NJValleyRidge_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ron W. Witte and Don H. Monteverde, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.state.nj.us/dep/njgs/enviroed/infocirc/valley-ridge.pdf">New Jersey Geological and Water Survey Information Circular: Geologic History of New Jersey's Valley and Ridge Physiographic Province</a> (2012). Retrieved June 30, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USGSMartinsburgFormation-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-USGSMartinsburgFormation_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Avery Ala Drake Jr. and Jack B. Epstein, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/b1244H">USGS Bulletin 1244-H: The Martinsburg Formation (Middle and Upper Ordovician) in the Delaware Valley, Pennsylvania-New Jersey</a></i> (USGS Numbered Series. (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1967. 16 pages. Retrieved October 17, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SCsoilsurvey-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SCsoilsurvey_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SCsoilsurvey_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SCsoilsurvey_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SCsoilsurvey_26-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SCsoilsurvey_26-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resource Conservation Service, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/new_jersey/sussexNJ2009/Sussex_NJ.pdf">Soil Survey of Sussex County, New Jersey</a></i> (Washington, DC: 2009). Retrieved October 17, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">M. Aurousseau and H.S. Washington, "The Nephelite Syenite and Nephelite Porphyry of Beemerville, New Jersey", <i>The Journal of Geology</i> 30(7) (1922), 571–586; S.L. Ghatge, D.L. Jagel, and G.C. Herman, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.state.nj.us/dep/njgs/pricelst/gmseries/gms92-2.pdf">"Gravity investigations to delineate subsurface geology in the Beemerville intrusive complex area, Sussex County, New Jersey"</a>, Geologic Map Series no. 92-2. (Trenton, NJ: New Jersey Geological Survey, Division of Science and Research, 1992); L.R. Maxey, "Petrology and geochemistry of the Beemerville carbonatite-alkalic rock complex, New Jersey", <i>Geological Society of America Bulletin</i> 87(11) (1976), 1551–1559; G. N. Eby, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kean.edu/~csmart/Petrology/Lectures/Eby%20Beemerville%20paper.pdf">"Petrology, geochronology, mineralogy, and geochemistry of the Beemerville alkaline complex, northern New Jersey"</a>, in J.H. Puffer and R.A. Volkert (editors), <i>Neoproterozoic, Paleozoic, and Mesozoic Intrusive Rocks of Northern New Jersey and Southeastern New York: Twenty-First Annual Meeting Geological Association of New Jersey</i> (Mahwah, NJ: Geological Association of New Jersey, 2004), 52–68; B. A. Kjarsgaard, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dmec.ca/ex07-dvd/E07/pdfs/46.pdf">"Kimberlite Pipe Models: Significance for Exploration"</a>, in B. Milkereit (editor), <i>Proceedings of Exploration 07: Fifth Decennial International Conference on Mineral Exploration, <a href="/wiki/Decennial_Mineral_Exploration_Conferences" title="Decennial Mineral Exploration Conferences">Decennial Mineral Exploration Conferences</a>, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</i> (2007), 667–677; N.M. Ratcliffe, "Cortlandt-Beemerville magmatic belt: A probable late Taconian alkalic cross trend in the central Appalachians", <i>Geology</i> 9(7) (1981), 329–335. Retrieved October 17, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210428170751/https://iaspub.epa.gov/waters10/attains_waterbody.control?p_au_id=NJ02020007020070-01&p_list_id=NJ02020007020070-01&p_cycle=2012">Watershed Assessment, Tracking & Environmental Results: 2012 Waterbody Report for Papakating Creek (below Pellettown)</a>. Retrieved July 31, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WBPC_USGS_GNIS-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WBPC_USGS_GNIS_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">United States Geological Survey, Geographic Names Information System, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=136:3:0::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:881683,West%20Branch%20Papakating%20Creek">Feature Detail Report for: West Branch Papakating Creek (881683)</a>. Retrieved July 25, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USGS_NHD-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USGS_NHD_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGS_NHD_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGS_NHD_32-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">United States Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/">The National Map</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120329155652/http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/">Archived</a> 2012-03-29 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved June 26, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CB_USGS_GNIS-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CB_USGS_GNIS_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">United States Geological Survey, Geographic Names Information System, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=136:3:0::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:875519,Clove%20Brook">Feature Detail Report for: Clove Brook (875519)</a>. Retrieved July 25, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USGStopoPortJervisSouth-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoPortJervisSouth_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">United States Geological Survey, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.topoquest.com/map-detail.php?usgs_cell_id=36041">Port Jervis South, NY Quadrangle USGS 1:24K Topographic Map 41074C6</a></i>. Retrieved July 31, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USGStopoUnionville-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-USGStopoUnionville_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">United States Geological Survey, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.topoquest.com/map-detail.php?usgs_cell_id=46377">Unionville, NY Quadrangle USGS 1:24K Topographic Map 41074C5</a></i>. Retrieved July 31, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The determination of Dfb (warm summer subtype) region is from Peel, M. C., Finlayson, B. L., and McMahon, T. A. (University of Melbourne). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.pdf">Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification</a> from <i>Hydrology and Earth System Sciences</i> (2007), 11:1633–1644, doi:10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007. Retrieved October 17, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ThornthwaiteNAmericaClimates-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ThornthwaiteNAmericaClimates_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ThornthwaiteNAmericaClimates_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Charles Warren Thornthwaite, <i>Atlas of Climatic Types in the United States 1900–1939: U.S. Department of Agriculture Miscellaneous Publication 421</i>. (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1941); and Thornthwaite. "The Climates of North America: According to a New Classification" in <i>Geographical Review</i> (October 1931), 21(4):633–655.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=771682&cityname=Newton%2C+New+Jersey%2C+United+States+of+America&units=">Climate Summary for Newton, New Jersey</a>, weatherbase.com (CantyMedia). Retrieved October 17, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">F. K. Hare, "Climatic classification" in Stamp, L.D., and Wooldridge, S.W. (editors). <i>The London Essays in Geography</i> (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1951), 111–134.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arborday.org/treeinfo/ZoneInfo.cfm?ZipCode=07461&submit=Look+it+up%21">"What is my arborday.org Hardiness Zone?"</a>, Arbor Day Foundation. Retrieved October 17, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/Downloads.aspx">2012 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (USA)</a>, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service and Oregon State University. (2012). Retrieved October 17, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Office of the New Jersey State Climatologist, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://climate.rutgers.edu/stateclim/?section=uscp&target=NJCoverview">"The Climate of New Jersey"</a>, Rutgers: New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station; citing David Ludlum, <i>New Jersey Weather Book</i> (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1983). Retrieved October 17, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Leo H. Carney, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E04E6DA173BF933A05752C0A9639C8B63">"Weather; Microclimates, Big Variations."</a>, <i>The New York Times</i>, January 30, 2005. Retrieved October 17, 2015. QUOTE: "In places like Hidden Valley and throughout the snow belt of northwestern Sussex County, a condition known as orographic lifting can increase humidity and precipitation."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NOAA-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nws.noaa.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=phi">"NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 17,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NowData+%E2%80%93+NOAA+Online+Weather+Data&rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nws.noaa.gov%2Fclimate%2Fxmacis.php%3Fwfo%3Dphi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapakating+Creek" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NJNaturalLandsPCP-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NJNaturalLandsPCP_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NJNaturalLandsPCP_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NJNaturalLandsPCP_45-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NJNaturalLandsPCP_45-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">New Jersey Natural Lands Trust, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nj.gov/dep/njnlt/papakatingcreek.htm">Papakating Creek Preserve</a>. Retrieved July 26, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service: Wallkill River National Wildlife Refuge, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fws.gov/refuge/Wallkill_River/wildlife_and_habitat/index.html">Wallkill River National Wildlife Refuge: New Jersey and New York</a>. Retrieved July 26, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.state.nj.us/dep/fgw/wk2trt15.htm">2015 Spring Trout Stocking Schedule: Week 2, April 13–17</a> (2015). Retrieved July 31, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Trust for Public Land, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tpl.org/our-work/land-and-water/armstrong-bog">Armstrong Bog</a>. Retrieved July 31, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brian T. Murray, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2010/01/sussex_county_marshland_armstr.html">"Sussex County marshland Armstrong Bog preserved under $1.1M deal"</a>, <i>The Star-Ledger</i>, January 5, 2010. Retrieved July 31, 2015.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papakating_Creek&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wallkillriver.org/">Wallkill River Watershed Management Group</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nj/nwis/current/?type=flow">U.S. Geological Survey: NJ stream gaging stations</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Template:Hudson_River" title="Template:Hudson River"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hudson_River" title="Template talk:Hudson River"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hudson_River" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hudson River"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hudson_River_watershed" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hudson_River" title="Hudson River">Hudson River</a> watershed</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tributaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batavia_Kill_(Schoharie_Creek_tributary)" title="Batavia Kill (Schoharie Creek tributary)">Batavia Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batten_Kill" title="Batten Kill">Batten Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birch_Creek_(Esopus_Creek_tributary)" title="Birch Creek (Esopus Creek tributary)">Birch Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Meadow_Creek" title="Black Meadow Creek">Black Meadow Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boreas_River" title="Boreas River">Boreas River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowery_Creek" title="Bowery Creek">Bowery Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowmans_Creek" title="Bowmans Creek">Bowmans Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakneck_Brook" title="Breakneck Brook">Breakneck Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brimstone_Creek" title="Brimstone Creek">Brimstone Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canajoharie_Creek" title="Canajoharie Creek">Canajoharie Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroga_Creek" title="Caroga Creek">Caroga Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casperkill" title="Casperkill">Casperkill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catskill_Creek" title="Catskill Creek">Catskill Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayadutta_Creek" title="Cayadutta Creek">Cayadutta Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cedar_River_(New_York)" title="Cedar River (New York)">Cedar River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claverack_Creek" title="Claverack Creek">Claverack Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clove_Brook" title="Clove Brook">Clove Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobleskill_Creek" title="Cobleskill Creek">Cobleskill Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coeymans_Creek" title="Coeymans Creek">Coeymans Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coxsackie_Creek" title="Coxsackie Creek">Coxsackie Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_River_(New_York)" title="Cross River (New York)">Cross River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croton_River" title="Croton River">Croton River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Branch_Croton_River" title="East Branch Croton River">East Branch Croton River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Branch_Sacandaga_River" title="East Branch Sacandaga River">East Branch Sacandaga River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Canada_Creek" title="East Canada Creek">East Canada Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Kill" title="East Kill">East Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eightmile_Creek_(Tenmile_Creek)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eightmile Creek (Tenmile Creek)">Eightmile Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esopus_Creek" title="Esopus Creek">Esopus Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_Kill" title="Fall Kill">Fall Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishkill_Creek" title="Fishkill Creek">Fishkill Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fonteyn_Kill" title="Fonteyn Kill">Fonteyn Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulmer_Creek" title="Fulmer Creek">Fulmer Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannacrois_Creek" title="Hannacrois Creek">Hannacrois Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honnedaga_Brook" title="Honnedaga Brook">Honnedaga Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoosic_River" title="Hoosic River">Hoosic River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_River_(Hudson_River_tributary)" title="Indian River (Hudson River tributary)">Indian River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Creek_(Sprout_Creek)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jackson Creek (Sprout Creek)">Jackson Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_De_Bakkers_Kill" title="Jan De Bakkers Kill">Jan De Bakkers Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaaterskill_Creek" title="Kaaterskill Creek">Kaaterskill Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayaderosseras" title="Kayaderosseras">Kayaderosseras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinderhook_Creek" title="Kinderhook Creek">Kinderhook Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kisco_River" title="Kisco River">Kisco River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Creek_(New_York)" title="Lake Creek (New York)">Lake Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Shawangunk_Kill" title="Little Shawangunk Kill">Little Shawangunk Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritje_Kill" title="Maritje Kill">Maritje Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_River_(New_York)" title="Miami River (New York)">Miami River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mill_Creek_(Hudson_River)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mill Creek (Hudson River)">Mill Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohawk_River" title="Mohawk River">Mohawk River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moodna_Creek" title="Moodna Creek">Moodna Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moordener_Kill" title="Moordener Kill">Moordener Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moyer_Creek" title="Moyer Creek">Moyer Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muddy_Kill" title="Muddy Kill">Muddy Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neepaulakating_Creek" title="Neepaulakating Creek">Neepaulakating Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normans_Kill" title="Normans Kill">Normans Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nowadaga_Creek" title="Nowadaga Creek">Nowadaga Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohisa_Creek" title="Ohisa Creek">Ohisa Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onesquethaw_Creek" title="Onesquethaw Creek">Onesquethaw Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opalescent_River" title="Opalescent River">Opalescent River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriskany_Creek" title="Oriskany Creek">Oriskany Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otsquago_Creek" title="Otsquago Creek">Otsquago Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otter_Kill" title="Otter Kill">Otter Kill</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Papakating Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peekskill_Hollow_Creek" title="Peekskill Hollow Creek">Peekskill Hollow Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plattekill_Creek" title="Plattekill Creek">Plattekill Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platter_Kill" title="Platter Kill">Platter Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocantico_River" title="Pocantico River">Pocantico River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pochuck_Creek" title="Pochuck Creek">Pochuck Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poesten_Kill" title="Poesten Kill">Poesten Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potic_Creek" title="Potic Creek">Potic Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quassaick_Creek" title="Quassaick Creek">Quassaick Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roeliff_Jansen_Kill" title="Roeliff Jansen Kill">Roeliff Jansen Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondout_Creek" title="Rondout Creek">Rondout Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacandaga_River" title="Sacandaga River">Sacandaga River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sauquoit_Creek" title="Sauquoit Creek">Sauquoit Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saw_Kill_(Hudson_River)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saw Kill (Hudson River)">Saw Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saw_Mill_River" title="Saw Mill River">Saw Mill River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawyer_Kill" title="Sawyer Kill">Sawyer Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schoharie_Creek" title="Schoharie Creek">Schoharie Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schroon_River" title="Schroon River">Schroon River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawangunk_Kill" title="Shawangunk Kill">Shawangunk Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparkill_Creek" title="Sparkill Creek">Sparkill Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sprout_Creek" title="Sprout Creek">Sprout Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steele_Creek_(Mohawk_River_tributary)" title="Steele Creek (Mohawk River tributary)">Steele Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockport_Creek" title="Stockport Creek">Stockport Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stony_Clove_Creek" title="Stony Clove Creek">Stony Clove Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taghkanic_Creek" title="Taghkanic Creek">Taghkanic Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenmile_Creek_(Catskill_Creek)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenmile Creek (Catskill Creek)">Tenmile Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tin_Brook" title="Tin Brook">Tin Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titicus_River" title="Titicus River">Titicus River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trout_Brook_(Schroon_River_tributary)" title="Trout Brook (Schroon River tributary)">Trout Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verkeerder_Kill" title="Verkeerder Kill">Verkeerder Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vloman_Kill" title="Vloman Kill">Vloman Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallkill_River" title="Wallkill River">Wallkill River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walloomsac_River" title="Walloomsac River">Walloomsac River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wappinger_Creek" title="Wappinger Creek">Wappinger Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wawayanda_Creek" title="Wawayanda Creek">Wawayanda Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Branch_Papakating_Creek" title="West Branch Papakating Creek">West Branch Papakating Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Branch_Sacandaga_River" title="West Branch Sacandaga River">West Branch Sacandaga River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Canada_Creek" title="West Canada Creek">West Canada Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Kill" title="West Kill">West Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wynants_Kill" title="Wynants Kill">Wynants Kill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lakes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcove_Reservoir" title="Alcove Reservoir">Alcove Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashokan_Reservoir" title="Ashokan Reservoir">Ashokan Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basic_Creek_Reservoir" title="Basic Creek Reservoir">Basic Creek Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beacon_Reservoir_(Dutchess_County,_New_York)" title="Beacon Reservoir (Dutchess County, New York)">Beacon Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bog_Brook_Reservoir" title="Bog Brook Reservoir">Bog Brook Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cedar_Lake_(New_York)" title="Cedar Lake (New York)">Cedar Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chadwick_Lake" title="Chadwick Lake">Chadwick Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chub_Lake_(New_York)" title="Chub Lake (New York)">Chub Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_River_Reservoir" title="Cross River Reservoir">Cross River Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croton_Falls_Reservoir" title="Croton Falls Reservoir">Croton Falls Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyken_Pond" title="Dyken Pond">Dyken Pond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Branch_Reservoir" title="East Branch Reservoir">East Branch Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Caroga_Lake" title="East Caroga Lake">East Caroga Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_Lake_(New_York)" title="Fall Lake (New York)">Fall Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklinton_Vlaie" title="Franklinton Vlaie">Franklinton Vlaie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garnet_Lake" title="Garnet Lake">Garnet Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenmere_Lake" title="Glenmere Lake">Glenmere Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Sacandaga_Lake" title="Great Sacandaga Lake">Great Sacandaga Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Vlaie" title="Great Vlaie">Great Vlaie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henderson_Lake_(New_York)" title="Henderson Lake (New York)">Henderson Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honnedaga_Lake" title="Honnedaga Lake">Honnedaga Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Lake_(Hamilton_County,_New_York)" title="Indian Lake (Hamilton County, New York)">Indian Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lizard_Pond_(New_York)" title="Lizard Pond (New York)">Lizard Pond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Maratanza" title="Lake Maratanza">Lake Maratanza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscoot_Reservoir" title="Muscoot Reservoir">Muscoot Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Neepaulin" title="Lake Neepaulin">Lake Neepaulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Croton_Reservoir" title="New Croton Reservoir">New Croton Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notch_Lake" title="Notch Lake">Notch Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piseco_Lake" title="Piseco Lake">Piseco Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Pleasant_(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Pleasant (New York)">Lake Pleasant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queechy_Lake" title="Queechy Lake">Queechy Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondout_Reservoir" title="Rondout Reservoir">Rondout Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacandaga_Lake" title="Sacandaga Lake">Sacandaga Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saratoga_Lake" title="Saratoga Lake">Saratoga Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sturgeon_Pool" title="Sturgeon Pool">Sturgeon Pool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surprise_Lake_Camp" title="Surprise Lake Camp">Surprise Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvan_Lake_(New_York)" title="Sylvan Lake (New York)">Sylvan Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Tear_of_the_Clouds" title="Lake Tear of the Clouds">Lake Tear of the Clouds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thompson_Pond" title="Thompson Pond">Thompson Pond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titicus_Reservoir" title="Titicus Reservoir">Titicus Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trout_Lake_(Arietta,_Hamilton_County,_New_York)" title="Trout Lake (Arietta, Hamilton County, New York)">Trout Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Caroga_Lake" title="West Caroga Lake">West Caroga Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaley_Lake" title="Whaley Lake">Whaley Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winnisook_Lake" title="Winnisook Lake">Winnisook Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New York</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albany,_New_York" title="Albany, New York">Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amsterdam_(city),_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Amsterdam (city), New York">Amsterdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beacon,_New_York" title="Beacon, New York">Beacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedford_(town),_New_York" title="Bedford (town), New York">Bedford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beekman,_New_York" title="Beekman, New York">Beekman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bennington,_Vermont" title="Bennington, Vermont">Bennington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethlehem,_New_York" title="Bethlehem, New York">Bethlehem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blooming_Grove,_New_York" title="Blooming Grove, New York">Blooming Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briarcliff_Manor,_New_York" title="Briarcliff Manor, New York">Briarcliff Manor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmel,_New_York" title="Carmel, New York">Carmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catskill_(town),_New_York" title="Catskill (town), New York">Catskill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifton_Park,_New_York" title="Clifton Park, New York">Clifton Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cohoes,_New_York" title="Cohoes, New York">Cohoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonie,_New_York" title="Colonie, New York">Colonie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortlandt,_New_York" title="Cortlandt, New York">Cortlandt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Fishkill,_New_York" title="East Fishkill, New York">East Fishkill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Greenbush,_New_York" title="East Greenbush, New York">East Greenbush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishkill_(town),_New_York" title="Fishkill (town), New York">Fishkill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenville,_Schenectady_County,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Glenville, Schenectady County, New York">Glenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloversville,_New_York" title="Gloversville, New York">Gloversville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenburgh,_New_York" title="Greenburgh, New York">Greenburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guilderland,_New_York" title="Guilderland, New York">Guilderland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halfmoon,_New_York" title="Halfmoon, New York">Halfmoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herkimer_(town),_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Herkimer (town), New York">Herkimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haverstraw_(village),_New_York" title="Haverstraw (village), New York">Haverstraw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_New_York" title="Hyde Park, New York">Hyde Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston,_New_York" title="Kingston, New York">Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkland,_New_York" title="Kirkland, New York">Kirkland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaGrange,_New_York" title="LaGrange, New York">LaGrange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd,_New_York" title="Lloyd, New York">Lloyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta,_New_York" title="Malta, New York">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middletown,_Orange_County,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Middletown, Orange County, New York">Middletown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_(town),_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Milton (town), New York">Milton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monroe,_New_York" title="Monroe, New York">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery,_New_York" title="Montgomery, New York">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moreau,_New_York" title="Moreau, New York">Moreau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Pleasant,_New_York" title="Mount Pleasant, New York">Mount Pleasant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Castle,_New_York" title="New Castle, New York">New Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hartford,_New_York" title="New Hartford, New York">New Hartford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Paltz,_New_York" title="New Paltz, New York">New Paltz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Windsor,_New_York" title="New Windsor, New York">New Windsor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newburgh,_New_York" title="Newburgh, New York">Newburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niskayuna,_New_York" title="Niskayuna, New York">Niskayuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Adams,_Massachusetts" title="North Adams, Massachusetts">North Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyack,_New_York" title="Nyack, New York">Nyack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossining_(town),_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Ossining (town), New York">Ossining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peekskill,_New_York" title="Peekskill, New York">Peekskill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plattekill_(town),_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Plattekill (town), New York">Plattekill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poughkeepsie,_New_York" title="Poughkeepsie, New York">Poughkeepsie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queensbury,_New_York" title="Queensbury, New York">Queensbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rome,_New_York" title="Rome, New York">Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotterdam_(town),_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Rotterdam (town), New York">Rotterdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saugerties,_New_York" title="Saugerties, New York">Saugerties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schenectady,_New_York" title="Schenectady, New York">Schenectady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawangunk,_New_York" title="Shawangunk, New York">Shawangunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleepy_Hollow,_New_York" title="Sleepy Hollow, New York">Sleepy Hollow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somers,_New_York" title="Somers, New York">Somers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast,_New_York" title="Southeast, New York">Southeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy,_New_York" title="Troy, New York">Troy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utica,_New_York" title="Utica, New York">Utica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallkill,_Orange_County,_New_York" title="Wallkill, Orange County, New York">Wallkill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wappinger,_New_York" title="Wappinger, New York">Wappinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warwick,_New_York" title="Warwick, New York">Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Point,_New_York" title="West Point, New York">West Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitestown,_New_York" title="Whitestown, New York">Whitestown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilton,_New_York" title="Wilton, New York">Wilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yonkers,_New_York" title="Yonkers, New York">Yonkers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yorktown,_New_York" title="Yorktown, New York">Yorktown</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New Jersey</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine,_New_Jersey" title="Alpine, New Jersey">Alpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayonne,_New_Jersey" title="Bayonne, New Jersey">Bayonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliffside_Park,_New_Jersey" title="Cliffside Park, New Jersey">Cliffside Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgewater,_New_Jersey" title="Edgewater, New Jersey">Edgewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Englewood_Cliffs,_New_Jersey" title="Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey">Englewood Cliffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Lee,_New_Jersey" title="Fort Lee, New Jersey">Fort Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoboken,_New_Jersey" title="Hoboken, New Jersey">Hoboken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_City,_New_Jersey" title="Jersey City, New Jersey">Jersey City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Bergen,_New_Jersey" title="North Bergen, New Jersey">North Bergen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparta,_New_Jersey" title="Sparta, New Jersey">Sparta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenafly,_New_Jersey" title="Tenafly, New Jersey">Tenafly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weehawken,_New_Jersey" title="Weehawken, New Jersey">Weehawken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_New_York,_New_Jersey" title="West New York, New Jersey">West New York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adirondack_Mountains" title="Adirondack Mountains">Adirondack Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adirondack_Park" title="Adirondack Park">Adirondack Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashokan_Bridge" title="Ashokan Bridge">Ashokan Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blenheim_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Blenheim Bridge">Blenheim Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buskirk_Bridge" title="Buskirk Bridge">Buskirk Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catskill_Mountains" title="Catskill Mountains">Catskill Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champlain_Canal" title="Champlain Canal">Champlain Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cohoes_Falls" title="Cohoes Falls">Cohoes Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copeland_Bridge" title="Copeland Bridge">Copeland Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_and_Hudson_Canal" title="Delaware and Hudson Canal">Delaware and Hudson Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagleville_Bridge" title="Eagleville Bridge">Eagleville Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_River" title="East River">East River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erie_Canal" title="Erie Canal">Erie Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Bridge" title="George Washington Bridge">George Washington Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlem_River" title="Harlem River">Harlem River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helderberg_Escarpment" title="Helderberg Escarpment">Helderberg Escarpment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holland_Tunnel" title="Holland Tunnel">Holland Tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Highlands_State_Park" title="Hudson Highlands State Park">Hudson Highlands State Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaaterskill_Clove" title="Kaaterskill Clove">Kaaterskill Clove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaaterskill_Falls" title="Kaaterskill Falls">Kaaterskill Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kill_Van_Kull" title="Kill Van Kull">Kill Van Kull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston%E2%80%93Rhinecliff_Bridge" title="Kingston–Rhinecliff Bridge">Kingston–Rhinecliff Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Tunnel" title="Lincoln Tunnel">Lincoln Tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Hudson_Bridge" title="Mid-Hudson Bridge">Mid-Hudson Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newburgh%E2%80%93Beacon_Bridge" title="Newburgh–Beacon Bridge">Newburgh–Beacon Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tappan_Zee_Bridge_(2017%E2%80%93present)" title="Tappan Zee Bridge (2017–present)">Tappan Zee Bridge (2017–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Palisades_(Hudson_River)" title="The Palisades (Hudson River)">The Palisades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perrine%27s_Bridge" title="Perrine's Bridge">Perrine's Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plotter_Kill_Preserve" title="Plotter Kill Preserve">Plotter Kill Preserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pollepel_Island" title="Pollepel Island">Pollepel Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popolopen" title="Popolopen">Popolopen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rexleigh_Bridge" title="Rexleigh Bridge">Rexleigh Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rip_Van_Winkle_Bridge" title="Rip Van Winkle Bridge">Rip Van Winkle Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salisbury_Center_Bridge" title="Salisbury Center Bridge">Salisbury Center Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schoharie_Bridge" title="Schoharie Bridge">Schoharie Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shushan_Bridge" title="Shushan Bridge">Shushan Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Liberty" title="Statue of Liberty">Statue of Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taconic_Mountains" title="Taconic Mountains">Taconic Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verkeerder_Kill_Falls" title="Verkeerder Kill Falls">Verkeerder Kill Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walkway_over_the_Hudson" title="Walkway over the Hudson">Walkway over the Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallkill_River_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Wallkill River National Wildlife Refuge">Wallkill River National Wildlife Refuge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Canada_Lake_Wilderness_Area" title="West Canada Lake Wilderness Area">West Canada Lake Wilderness Area</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" 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