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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Public concern</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_concern-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Effects_of_the_Video_Recordings_Act_1984" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Effects_of_the_Video_Recordings_Act_1984"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Effects of the Video Recordings Act 1984</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Effects_of_the_Video_Recordings_Act_1984-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relaxation_of_censorship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relaxation_of_censorship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Relaxation of censorship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relaxation_of_censorship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-DPP_list" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DPP_list"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>DPP list</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-DPP_list-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle DPP list subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-DPP_list-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Section_1:_Prosecuted_films" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Section_1:_Prosecuted_films"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Section 1: Prosecuted films</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Section_1:_Prosecuted_films-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Section_2:_Non_Prosecuted_films" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Section_2:_Non_Prosecuted_films"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Section 2: Non Prosecuted films</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Section_2:_Non_Prosecuted_films-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Section_3:_Video_Nasties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Section_3:_Video_Nasties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Section 3: Video Nasties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Section_3:_Video_Nasties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Films_banned_by_the_BBFC_but_not_classed_as_video_nasties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Films_banned_by_the_BBFC_but_not_classed_as_video_nasties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Films banned by the BBFC but not classed as video nasties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Films_banned_by_the_BBFC_but_not_classed_as_video_nasties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_films_seized_by_the_police_but_not_classed_as_video_nasties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_films_seized_by_the_police_but_not_classed_as_video_nasties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Other films seized by the police but not classed as video nasties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_films_seized_by_the_police_but_not_classed_as_video_nasties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_films" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_films"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6</span> <span>Other films</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_films-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ireland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ireland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Ireland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ireland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Video nasty</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 8 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-8" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">8 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_nasty" title="Video nasty – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Video nasty" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_nasty" title="Video nasty – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Video nasty" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_nasty" title="Video nasty – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Video nasty" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_nasty" title="Video nasty – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Video nasty" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videovold" title="Videovold – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Videovold" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_nasty" title="Video nasty – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Video nasty" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_nasty" title="Video nasty – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Video nasty" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a 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</div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2028529" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Horror trend</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the <i>Only Fools and Horses</i> episode, see <a href="/wiki/Video_Nasty_(Only_Fools_and_Horses)" title="Video Nasty (Only Fools and Horses)">Video Nasty (<i>Only Fools and Horses</i>)</a>.</div> <p> <i><b>Video nasty</b></i> is a <a href="/wiki/Colloquialism" title="Colloquialism">colloquial</a> term popularised<sup id="cite_ref-BBFC1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBFC1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by the <a href="/wiki/Mediawatch-uk" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediawatch-uk">National Viewers' and Listeners' Association</a> (NVALA) in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> to refer to a number of <a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">films</a>, typically low-budget <a href="/wiki/Horror_film" title="Horror film">horror</a> or <a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">exploitation films</a>, distributed on <a href="/wiki/Videotape" title="Videotape">video cassette</a> in the early 1980s that were criticised by the press, social commentators, and various religious organisations for their violent content. These video releases were not brought before the <a href="/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification" title="British Board of Film Classification">British Board of Film Classification</a> (BBFC) due to a <a href="/wiki/Loophole" title="Loophole">loophole</a> in film classification laws that allowed videos to bypass the review process. The resulting uncensored video releases led to public debate concerning the availability of these films to children due to the unregulated nature of the market.<sup id="cite_ref-BBFC2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBFC2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following a campaign led by <a href="/wiki/Mary_Whitehouse" title="Mary Whitehouse">Mary Whitehouse</a> and the NVALA, prosecutions were commenced against individuals engaged in trades exploiting allegedly obscene videos. To assist local authorities in identifying obscene films, the <a href="/wiki/Director_of_Public_Prosecutions#United_Kingdom" title="Director of Public Prosecutions">Director of Public Prosecutions</a> released a list of 72 films the office believed to violate the <a href="/wiki/Obscene_Publications_Act_1959" title="Obscene Publications Act 1959">Obscene Publications Act 1959</a>. This list included films that had either been previously acquitted of obscenity or already obtained BBFC certification. In addition, a second list was released that contained an additional 82 titles which were not believed to lead to obscenity convictions but could nonetheless be confiscated under the Act's forfeiture laws. The resultant confusion regarding the definition of obscene material led to <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament</a> passing the <a href="/wiki/Video_Recordings_Act_1984" title="Video Recordings Act 1984">Video Recordings Act 1984</a>, which required certification of video releases by the BBFC.<sup id="cite_ref-BBFC1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBFC1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBFC2_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBFC2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The implementation of the Video Recording Act imposed a stricter code of <a href="/wiki/Censorship" title="Censorship">censorship</a> on videos than was required for <a href="/wiki/Movie_theater" title="Movie theater">cinema</a> release. Several major studio productions were banned on video, as they fell within the scope of legislation designed to control the distribution of video nasties. In recent years, the stricter requirements have been relaxed, as numerous films once considered video nasties have obtained certification uncut or with minimal edits. Due to a legislative mistake discovered in August 2009, the Video Recordings Act 1984 was repealed and re-enacted without change by the <a href="/wiki/Video_Recordings_Act_2010" title="Video Recordings Act 2010">Video Recordings Act 2010</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Obscenity_and_video">Obscenity and video</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_nasty&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Obscenity and video"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the time of the introduction of domestic video recorders in the United Kingdom during the 1970s, there was no legislation specifically designed to regulate video content, apart from the <a href="/wiki/Obscene_Publications_Act_1959" title="Obscene Publications Act 1959">Obscene Publications Act 1959</a> which had been amended in 1977 to cover <a href="/wiki/Erotic_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Erotic film">erotic films</a>. Major film distributors were initially reluctant to embrace the new medium of video for fear of <a href="/wiki/Copyright_infringement" title="Copyright infringement">piracy</a> and the video market became flooded with low-budget horror films. Whilst some of these films had been passed by the <a href="/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Censors" class="mw-redirect" title="British Board of Film Censors">British Board of Film Censors</a> (BBFC) for cinema release, others had been refused certification which effectively banned them. The Obscene Publications Act defined obscenity as that which may "tend to deprave and corrupt persons who are likely, having regard to all relevant circumstances, to read, see or hear the matter contained or embodied in it". This definition is of course open to wide interpretation. </p><p>If the <a href="/wiki/Director_of_Public_Prosecutions" title="Director of Public Prosecutions">Director of Public Prosecutions</a> (DPP) felt that a certain video might be in breach of the Act, then a prosecution could be brought against the film's producers, distributors and retailers. Prosecutions had to be fought on a case-by-case basis and a backlog of prosecutions built up. However, under the terms of the Act, the <a href="/wiki/Police" title="Police">police</a> were empowered to seize videos from retailers if they were of the opinion that the material was in breach of the Act. In the early 1980s, in certain police constabularies, notably <a href="/wiki/Greater_Manchester_Police" title="Greater Manchester Police">Greater Manchester Police</a> which was at that time run by devout Christian <a href="/wiki/Chief_constable" title="Chief constable">Chief Constable</a> <a href="/wiki/James_Anderton" title="James Anderton">James Anderton</a>, police raids on video hire shops increased. The choice of titles seized appeared to be completely arbitrary, one raid famously netting a copy of the <a href="/wiki/Dolly_Parton" title="Dolly Parton">Dolly Parton</a> musical <i><a href="/wiki/The_Best_Little_Whorehouse_in_Texas_(film)" title="The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas (film)">The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas</a></i> (1982) under the mistaken belief it was pornographic.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Video Retailers Association were alarmed by the apparently random seizures and asked the DPP to provide a guideline for the industry so that stockists could be made aware of the titles which were liable to be confiscated. The DPP recognised that the current system, where the interpretation of obscenity was down to individual Chief Constables, was inconsistent and decided to publish a list that contained names of films that had already resulted in a successful prosecution or where the DPP had already filed charges against the video's distributors. This list became known as the DPP list of "video nasties".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The lack of regulation of the domestic video market was in sharp contrast to the regulation of material intended for public screenings. The BBFC had been established in 1912, essentially as an unintended consequence of the <a href="/wiki/Cinematograph_Act_1909#Legal_basis_of_censorship" title="Cinematograph Act 1909">Cinematograph Act 1909</a>, and it was their responsibility to pass films intended for the cinema for certification within the United Kingdom (though local councils were the final arbiters). As part of this process the board could recommend, or demand in the more extreme cases, that certain cuts be made to the film in order for it to gain a particular certification. Such permission was not always granted, and in the case of the release of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Exorcist_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Exorcist (film)">The Exorcist</a></i> in 1973, a number of enterprising managers of cinemas where permission had been granted set about providing buses to transport cinema-goers from other localities where the film could not be seen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_concern">Public concern</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_nasty&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Public concern"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Public awareness of the availability of these videos began in early 1982, when Vipco (Video Instant Picture Company), the UK distributors of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Driller_Killer" title="The Driller Killer">The Driller Killer</a></i>, a 1979 <a href="/wiki/Splatter_film" title="Splatter film">splatter film</a>, took out full-page advertisements in a number of specialist video magazines, depicting the video's explicit cover; an action which resulted in a large number of complaints to the <a href="/wiki/Advertising_Standards_Authority_(United_Kingdom)" title="Advertising Standards Authority (United Kingdom)">Advertising Standards Agency</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Nick_Johnstone_1999_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nick_Johnstone_1999-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A few months later Go Video, the distributors of the already-controversial 1980 Italian film <i><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_Holocaust" title="Cannibal Holocaust">Cannibal Holocaust</a></i>, in an effort to boost publicity and generate sales that ultimately backfired, wrote anonymously to <a href="/wiki/Mary_Whitehouse" title="Mary Whitehouse">Mary Whitehouse</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Mediawatch-uk" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediawatch-uk">National Viewers' and Listeners' Association</a> complaining about their own film. Whitehouse sparked off a public campaign and coined the term "video nasty". Amid the growing concern, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Times" title="The Sunday Times">The Sunday Times</a></i> brought the issue to a wider audience in May 1982 with an article entitled "How High Street Horror is Invading the Home". Soon the <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Mail" title="Daily Mail">Daily Mail</a></i> began their own campaign against the distribution of these films. The exposure of "nasties" to children began to be blamed for the increase in violent crime amongst youths. The growing media frenzy only served to increase the demand for such material among adolescents. At the suggestion of the National Viewers' and Listeners' Association, the Conservative MP <a href="/wiki/Graham_Bright" title="Graham Bright">Graham Bright</a> introduced a <a href="/wiki/Member_of_parliament%27s_legislative_motion" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of parliament's legislative motion">Private Member's Bill</a> to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> in 1983. This was passed as the <a href="/wiki/Video_Recordings_Act_1984" title="Video Recordings Act 1984">Video Recordings Act 1984</a> which came into effect on 1 September 1985. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Effects_of_the_Video_Recordings_Act_1984">Effects of the Video Recordings Act 1984</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_nasty&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Effects of the Video Recordings Act 1984"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under the 1984 Act, the British Board of Film Censors was renamed the <i>British Board of Film Classification</i> and became responsible for the certification of both cinema and video releases. All video releases after 1 September 1985 had to comply with the Act and be submitted for classification by the BBFC. Films released on video before that date had to be re-submitted for classification within the following three years. The increased possibility of videos falling into the hands of children required that film classification for video be a separate process from cinema classification. Films that had passed uncut for cinema release were often cut for video.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The supply of unclassified videos became a criminal offence, as did supplying 15 and 18 certificate videos to under-aged people. As well as the low-budget horror films the Act was originally intended to curb, a number of high-profile films which had passed cinema certification fell foul of the Act. In particular, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Exorcist_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Exorcist (film)">The Exorcist</a></i>, which was made available by Warner Home Video in December 1981, was not submitted for video certification by the BBFC and was withdrawn from shelves in 1986. Similarly <i><a href="/wiki/Straw_Dogs_(1971_film)" title="Straw Dogs (1971 film)">Straw Dogs</a></i> was denied video certification and removed from video stores. Popular culture backlash against the Video Recordings Act included the May 1984 release of "<a href="/wiki/Thanks_for_the_Night" title="Thanks for the Night">Nasty</a>" by the <a href="/wiki/Punk_rock" title="Punk rock">punk</a>-<a href="/wiki/Goth_rock" class="mw-redirect" title="Goth rock">goth</a> outfit <a href="/wiki/The_Damned_(band)" title="The Damned (band)">The Damned</a>, who celebrated the condemned genre with the lyrics "I fell in love with a video nasty".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relaxation_of_censorship">Relaxation of censorship</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_nasty&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Relaxation of censorship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With the passing of the Video Recordings Act, the films on the list could be prosecuted for both obscenity and not being classified. As well as not passing any film liable to be found obscene, the <a href="/wiki/BBFC" class="mw-redirect" title="BBFC">BBFC</a> imposed additional bans and cuts on films such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Texas_Chain_Saw_Massacre" title="The Texas Chain Saw Massacre">The Texas Chain Saw Massacre</a></i>. Claims, since proven at best to be speculative, at worst outright media fabrication,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> relating to the <a href="/wiki/Hungerford_massacre" title="Hungerford massacre">Hungerford massacre</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_James_Bulger" title="Murder of James Bulger">murder of James Bulger</a> (where the 1991 film <i><a href="/wiki/Child%27s_Play_3" title="Child's Play 3">Child's Play 3</a></i> was erroneously held up as influencing the perpetrators, possibly prompting the 1992 film <i><a href="/wiki/Mikey_(film)" title="Mikey (film)">Mikey</a></i> to be prohibited in the UK), provided an additional impetus to restrict films and as late as December 1997, the board claimed it "has never relaxed its guidelines on video violence, which remain the strictest in the world".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> However, the board did loosen its standards, especially at the 18 level, in response to public consultation in 2000. The departure of <a href="/wiki/James_Ferman" title="James Ferman">James Ferman</a> from the BBFC may also have allowed some long-proscribed films to be re-appraised around this time. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Exorcist_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Exorcist (film)">The Exorcist</a></i> was granted an uncut <a href="/wiki/18_(British_Board_of_Film_Classification)" title="18 (British Board of Film Classification)">18 video certificate</a> on 25 February 1999, followed by <i>The Texas Chain Saw Massacre</i> in August, and several official "nasties" were passed in the early 2000s either uncut or with cuts restricted to sexual violence or actual animals being harmed. A list of these is given below. Among modern films, many, such as the <i><a href="/wiki/Hostel_(2005_film)" title="Hostel (2005 film)">Hostel</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Saw_(2004_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saw (2004 film)">Saw</a></i> series, contain brutal, graphic violence but have passed through uncut. </p><p>In 2008, there was another brief media frenzy over such films that had years earlier been approved for release by the BBFC, in particular <i><a href="/wiki/SS_Experiment_Camp" title="SS Experiment Camp">SS Experiment Camp</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This coincided with an attempt by MPs <a href="/wiki/Julian_Brazier" title="Julian Brazier">Julian Brazier</a> and <a href="/wiki/Keith_Vaz" title="Keith Vaz">Keith Vaz</a> to pass a law allowing MPs greater powers to tighten BBFC guidelines or force an appeal of a release.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bill failed to pass.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The UK Government passed a law criminalising possession of "<a href="/wiki/Section_63_of_the_Criminal_Justice_and_Immigration_Act_2008" title="Section 63 of the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008">extreme pornography</a>". Whilst BBFC-rated films are exempt from the legislation, screenshots from these same BBFC-rated movies are not,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and would also apply to unrated films. <i><a href="/wiki/Hostel:_Part_II" title="Hostel: Part II">Hostel: Part II</a></i> was cited in the House of Commons as an example of a film where screenshots could become illegal to possess.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span class="anchor" id="DPP"></span><span class="anchor" id="DPPlist"></span><span class="anchor" id="72_films"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="DPP_list">DPP list</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_nasty&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: DPP list"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The DPP list of "video nasties" was first made public in June 1983. The list was modified monthly as prosecutions failed or were dropped. In total, 72 separate films appeared on the list at one time or another. 39 films were successfully prosecuted under the Obscene Publications Act but some of these films have been subsequently cut and then approved for release by the BBFC. The remaining 33 were either not prosecuted or had unsuccessful prosecutions. 10 films remain banned in the UK because they have not yet been resubmitted for classification by any distributors or have been rejected for classification. </p><p>A number of films spent a short time on this list because their prosecutions failed shortly after publication or because it was decided that prosecution was not worth pursuing. Ultimately, the list became obsolete when the Video Recordings Act came into force, and since 2001, several of the films have been released uncut. In the majority of cases below where cuts were made, they were scenes of real-life animal cruelty and/or excessive violence to women, both of which are still regarded with some degree of severity by the BBFC. A large number of these movies caused additional controversy with the cover art of the original big box releases seen in the video shops of the early 1980s. Unless noted otherwise, all films that have been released have been rated 18. </p><p>The DPP list is divided into two sections: <i>Section 1</i> and <i>Section 2</i>. Any title seized under Section 1 would make the dealer or distributor liable to prosecution for disseminating obscene materials. Dealers could be fined or jailed and the film itself would be declared obscene if the prosecution was successful, meaning it could not be distributed or sold in the UK until the obscenity was quashed. 39 of the Section 1 films were successfully prosecuted and remained banned. 33 of the Section 1 films had unsuccessful prosecutions and were subsequently dropped from the list and placed onto Section 2.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Section 2 titles were liable to be confiscated under a "less obscene" charge, which allowed the police to seize a film they considered obscene and as long as the dealer cooperated, they legally admit that the articles are obscene and therefore escape any personal prosecution. The 33 films that could not be prosecuted under Section 1 automatically became Section 2 titles and were still seized by the police. The main difference between Section 1 and 2 is that video dealers or distributors could be personally prosecuted in court for holding the film under Section 1 but not under Section 2, where the obscenity is admitted through forfeiting the material. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Section_1:_Prosecuted_films">Section 1: Prosecuted films</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_nasty&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Section 1: Prosecuted films"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ol><li><i><a href="/wiki/Absurd_(film)" title="Absurd (film)">Absurd</a></i> (original title: <i>Rosso Sangue</i>, also known as <i>Monster Hunter</i>, <i>Anthropophagus 2</i>, and <i>Horrible</i>) – Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released uncut in 2017. The film is classified at 18.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Antropophagus" title="Antropophagus">Anthropophagous: The Beast</a></i> (original title: <i>Antropophagus</i>, also known as <i>Anthropophagous</i>, <i>Antropofago</i>, <i>The Grim Reaper</i>, <i>Man Beast</i>, <i>Man-Eater</i>, and <i>The Savage Island</i>) – Released with approximately 8 minutes of pre-edits as <i>The Grim Reaper</i> in 2002. Complete version passed uncut in June 2015.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axe_(film)" title="Axe (film)">Axe</a></i> (also known as <i>Lisa, Lisa</i> and <i>California Axe Massacre</i>) – Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with 19 seconds cut in 1999. Released uncut in 2005 with an 18 certificate.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Bay_of_Blood" title="A Bay of Blood">A Bay of Blood</a></i> (original title: <i>Reazione a Catena</i>, also known as <i>Twitch of the Death Nerve</i>, <i>Blood Bath</i> and simply <i>Bay of Blood</i>) – Originally refused a cinema certificate in 1972. Released with 43 seconds cut in 1994. Re-released uncut in 2010.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Bestia_in_Calore" class="mw-redirect" title="La Bestia in Calore">The Beast in Heat</a></i> (original title: <i>La Bestia in Calore</i>, also known as <i>SS Hell Camp</i>) – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blood_Feast" title="Blood Feast">Blood Feast</a></i> – Released with 23 seconds cut in 2001. Re-released uncut in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blood_Rites_(film)" title="Blood Rites (film)">Blood Rites</a></i> (also known as <i>The Ghastly Ones</i>) – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bloody_Moon" title="Bloody Moon">Bloody Moon</a></i> (original title: <i>Die Säge des Todes</i>) – Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with 1 minute 20 seconds cut in 1993. Released uncut November 2008.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Burning_(1981_film)" title="The Burning (1981 film)">The Burning</a></i> – Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with 19 seconds cut in 1992. Re-released uncut in 2001.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_Apocalypse" title="Cannibal Apocalypse">Cannibal Apocalypse</a></i> (original title: <i>Apocalypse Domani</i>, also known as <i>Invasion of the Flesh Hunters</i>) – Released with 2 seconds of animal cruelty cut in 2005.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_Ferox" title="Cannibal Ferox">Cannibal Ferox</a></i> (also known as <i>Make Them Die Slowly</i>) – Released with approximately 6 minutes of pre-cuts plus an additional 6 seconds cut to a scene of animal cruelty in 2000. Re-released with 1 minute 55 seconds of animal cruelty cuts in 2018.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_Holocaust" title="Cannibal Holocaust">Cannibal Holocaust</a></i> – Released in 2001 with 5 minutes 44 seconds cut to remove most animal cruelty and rape scenes. Re-released with 15 seconds cut to one animal cruelty scene in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cannibal_Man" title="The Cannibal Man">The Cannibal Man</a></i> (original title: <i>La Semana del Asesino</i>) – Released with 3 seconds cut in 1993.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Devil_Hunter_(film)" title="Devil Hunter (film)">Devil Hunter</a></i> (original title: <i>El Canibal</i>) – Released uncut in November 2008.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Go_in_the_Woods_(1981_film)" title="Don't Go in the Woods (1981 film)">Don't Go in the Woods</a></i> – Released uncut in 2007 with a 15 rating.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Driller_Killer" title="The Driller Killer">The Driller Killer</a></i> – Released with 54 seconds of pre-cuts in 1999. Re-released uncut in 2002.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Evilspeak" title="Evilspeak">Evilspeak</a></i> – Released with 3 minutes 34 seconds cut in 1987. Re-released uncut in 2004.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Expos%C3%A9_(film)" title="Exposé (film)">Exposé</a></i> (also known as <i>House on Straw Hill</i>) – Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with 51 seconds cut in 1997.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Faces_of_Death" title="Faces of Death">Faces of Death</a></i> – Released with 2 minutes 19 seconds cut to animal cruelty in 2003.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fight_for_Your_Life" title="Fight for Your Life">Fight for Your Life</a></i> – Originally refused a cinema certificate in 1981. No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Andy_Warhol%27s_Frankenstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Andy Warhol's Frankenstein">Flesh for Frankenstein</a></i> (also known as <i>Andy Warhol's Frankenstein</i>) – Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with 56 seconds cut in 1996. Released uncut in 2006.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Toxic_Zombies" title="Toxic Zombies">Forest of Fear</a></i> (also known as <i>Toxic Zombies</i> and <i>Bloodeaters</i>) – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Last_Orgy_of_the_Third_Reich" class="mw-redirect" title="Last Orgy of the Third Reich">Gestapo's Last Orgy</a></i> (original title: <i>L'ultima orgia del III Reich</i>, also known as <i>Last Orgy of the Third Reich</i> and <i>Caligula Reincarnated As Hitler</i>) – Refused a video certificate in 2021.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_House_by_the_Cemetery" title="The House by the Cemetery">The House by the Cemetery</a></i> (original title: <i>Quella villa accanto al cimitero</i>) – Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with over 4 minutes cut in 1988. Re-released with 33 seconds cut in 2001. Released uncut in 2009.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_House_on_the_Edge_of_the_Park" title="The House on the Edge of the Park">The House on the Edge of the Park</a></i> (original title: <i>La casa sperduta nel parco</i>) – Originally refused a cinema certificate in 1981. Released with 11 minutes 43 seconds cut in 2002, and re-released with 42 seconds cut in 2011. Passed fully uncut in May 2022.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Spit_on_Your_Grave" title="I Spit on Your Grave">I Spit on Your Grave</a></i> (also known as <i>Day of the Woman</i>) – Released with 7 minutes 2 seconds cut in 2001. Re-released in a longer re-edited format in 2003 which reframed the rape scenes but was cut by 43 seconds to the second rape scene by the BBFC. The original print was released again with 3 minutes cut in 2010, and the film again received 1 minute 41 seconds of cuts for the 2020 Blu-ray release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Island_of_Death_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Island of Death (film)">Island of Death</a></i> (original title: <i>Ta Pedhia tou dhiavolou</i>, also known as <i>Devils in Mykonos</i> and <i>A Craving For Lust</i>) – Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Refused a video certificate in 1987 under the title <i>Psychic Killer II</i>. Re-released with 4 minutes 9 seconds cut in 2002. Released uncut September 2010.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_House_on_the_Left_(1972_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Last House on the Left (1972 film)">The Last House on the Left</a></i> – Originally refused a cinema certificate in 1974 and again in 2000. Also refused a video certificate in 2001. Passed with 31 seconds cut in 2002. Released uncut on 17 March 2008.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Love_Camp_7" title="Love Camp 7">Love Camp 7</a></i> – Refused a video certificate in 2002. Refused a certificate for streaming in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Madhouse_(1981_film)" title="Madhouse (1981 film)">Madhouse</a></i> (also known as <i>There Was a Little Girl</i>) – Released uncut in 2004.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mardi_Gras_Massacre" title="Mardi Gras Massacre">Mardi Gras Massacre</a></i> – Passed fully uncut in March 2022.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nightmare_(1981_film)" title="Nightmare (1981 film)">Nightmares in a Damaged Brain</a></i> (also known as <i>Nightmare</i>) – Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with approximately 3 minutes of pre-edits in 2005. Re-released uncut in November 2015.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Night_of_the_Bloody_Apes_(film)" title="Night of the Bloody Apes (film)">Night of the Bloody Apes</a></i> (original title: <i>La Horripilante bestia humana</i>) – Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with approximately 3 minutes of pre-cuts in 1999. Re-released uncut in 2002.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Night_of_the_Demon_(1980_film)" title="Night of the Demon (1980 film)">Night of the Demon</a></i> – Released with 1 minute 41 seconds cut in 1994. Released uncut in 2022.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snuff_(film)" title="Snuff (film)">Snuff</a></i> – Passed uncut in 2003 but no UK release to date.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/SS_Experiment_Camp" title="SS Experiment Camp">SS Experiment Camp</a></i> (original title: <i>Lager SSadis Kastrat Kommandantur</i>, also known as <i>SS Experiment Love Camp</i>) – Released uncut in 2005.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tenebrae_(film)" title="Tenebrae (film)">Tenebrae</a></i> (original title: <i>Tenebre</i>, also known as <i>Unsane</i>) – Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with 5 seconds cut in 1999. Re-released uncut in 2003.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Maldicion_de_la_Bestia" title="La Maldicion de la Bestia">The Werewolf and the Yeti</a></i> (original title: <i>La Maldicion de la Bestia</i>, also known as <i>Night of the Howling Beast</i>) – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zombi_2" title="Zombi 2">Zombie Flesh Eaters</a></i> (also known as <i>Zombie</i> and <i>Zombi 2</i>) – Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with 1 minute 46 seconds cut in 1992. Re-released with 23 seconds cut in 1999. Released uncut in 2005.</li></ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Section_2:_Non_Prosecuted_films">Section 2: Non Prosecuted films</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_nasty&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Section 2: Non Prosecuted films"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ol><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Beyond_(1981_film)" title="The Beyond (1981 film)">The Beyond</a></i> (original title: <i>E Tu Vivrai Nel Terrore ‒ L'Aldilà</i>, also known as <i>Seven Doors of Death</i>) — Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with approximately 2 minutes cut in 1987. Re-released uncut in 2001.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Boogeyman_(1980_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Boogeyman (1980 film)">The Bogey Man</a></i> (also known as <i>The Boogeyman</i>) ‒ Originally passed uncut for cinema. Released with 44 seconds cut in 1992. Re-released uncut in 2000.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_Terror" title="Cannibal Terror">Cannibal Terror</a></i> (original title: <i>Terreur Cannibale</i>) ‒ Released uncut in 2003.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Contamination_(film)" title="Contamination (film)">Contamination</a></i> ‒ Released uncut in 2004 with a 15 rating.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dead_%26_Buried" title="Dead & Buried">Dead & Buried</a></i> ‒ Originally passed uncut for cinema. Released with 30 seconds cut in 1990. Re-released uncut in 1999.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eaten_Alive" title="Eaten Alive">Death Trap</a></i> (also known as <i>Eaten Alive</i> and <i>Starlight Slaughter</i>) ‒ Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with 25 seconds cut in 1992. Re-released uncut in 2000.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Man_from_the_Deep_River" title="Man from the Deep River">Deep River Savages</a></i> (original title: <i>Il paese del sesso selvaggio</i>, also known as <i>Man From Deep River</i>) ‒ Originally refused a cinema certificate in 1975. Eventually released with 3 minutes 45 seconds of animal cruelty cuts in 2003, and re-released with 3 minutes of similar cuts in 2016.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Delirium_(1979_film)" title="Delirium (1979 film)">Delirium</a></i> (also known as <i>Psycho Puppet</i>) ‒ Released with 16 seconds cut in 1987. Released uncut in February 2022.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Go_in_the_House" title="Don't Go in the House">Don't Go in the House</a></i> ‒ Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with 3 minutes 7 seconds cut in 1987. Re-released uncut in December 2011.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Go_Near_the_Park" title="Don't Go Near the Park">Don't Go Near the Park</a></i> ‒ Released uncut in 2006.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Forgotten_(1973_film)" title="The Forgotten (1973 film)">Don't Look in the Basement</a></i> (also known as <i>The Forgotten</i>) ‒ Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released uncut in 2005 with a 15 rating.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Evil_Dead" title="The Evil Dead">The Evil Dead</a></i> ‒ Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with approximately 2 minutes cut in 1990. Re-released uncut in 2001.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frozen_Scream" title="Frozen Scream">Frozen Scream</a></i> ‒ No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Funhouse" title="The Funhouse">The Funhouse</a></i> ‒ Originally passed uncut for cinema. Released uncut in 1987. Re-classified 15 in 2007.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Human_Experiments" title="Human Experiments">Human Experiments</a></i> ‒ Originally passed uncut for cinema. No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Miss_You,_Hugs_and_Kisses" title="I Miss You, Hugs and Kisses">I Miss You, Hugs and Kisses</a></i> (also known as <i>Drop Dead Dearest</i>) ‒ Released with 1 minute 6 seconds cut in 1986.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Inferno_(1980_film)" title="Inferno (1980 film)">Inferno</a></i> ‒ Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with 20 seconds cut in 1993. Re-released uncut in September 2010.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Killer_Nun" title="Killer Nun">Killer Nun</a></i> (original title: <i>Suor Omicidi</i>) ‒ Released with 13 seconds cut in 1993. Re-released uncut in 2006.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%27ultimo_treno_della_notte" class="mw-redirect" title="L'ultimo treno della notte">Late Night Trains</a></i> (original title: <i>L'ultimo treno della notte</i>, also known as <i>Night Train Murders</i>) ‒ Originally refused a cinema certificate in 1976. Released uncut in 2008.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Let_Sleeping_Corpses_Lie_(film)" title="Let Sleeping Corpses Lie (film)">The Living Dead at the Manchester Morgue</a></i> (original title: <i>Non si deve profanare il sonno dei morti</i>, also known as <i>Let Sleeping Corpses Lie</i> and <i>Don't Open the Window</i>) ‒ Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with 1 minute 53 seconds cut in 1985. Re-released uncut in 2002.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Butcher,_Baker,_Nightmare_Maker" title="Butcher, Baker, Nightmare Maker">Nightmare Maker</a></i> (also known as <i>Night Warning</i> and <i>Butcher, Baker, Nightmare Maker</i>) ‒ Refused a video certificate in 1987 under the title <i>The Evil Protege</i>. Released uncut in 2024</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Possession_(1981_film)" title="Possession (1981 film)">Possession</a></i> ‒ Originally passed uncut for cinema. Released uncut in 1999.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dorm_That_Dripped_Blood" title="The Dorm That Dripped Blood">Pranks</a></i> (also known as <i>The Dorm That Dripped Blood</i> and <i>Death Dorm</i>) ‒ Released with 10 seconds cut in 1992.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mountain_of_the_Cannibal_God" class="mw-redirect" title="The Mountain of the Cannibal God">Prisoner of the Cannibal God</a></i> (original title: <i>La montagna del dio cannibale</i>, also known as <i>Mountain of the Cannibal God</i> and <i>Slave of the Cannibal God</i>) ‒ Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with 2 minutes 6 seconds of animal cruelty cuts in 2001, and re-released with 2 minutes of similar cuts in 2018.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Boogeyman_II" title="Boogeyman II">Revenge of the Bogey Man</a></i> (original title: <i>Boogeyman II</i>) ‒ Released in re-edited form with additional footage in 2003.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Slayer_(film)" title="The Slayer (film)">The Slayer</a></i> ‒ Released with 14 seconds cut in 1992. Re-released uncut in 2001.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Night_School_(1981_film)" title="Night School (1981 film)">Terror Eyes</a></i> (also known as <i>Night School</i>) ‒ Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with 1 minute 16 seconds cut in 1987.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Toolbox_Murders" title="The Toolbox Murders">The Toolbox Murders</a></i> ‒ Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with 1 minute 46 seconds cut in 2000. Re-released uncut in 2017.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Unhinged_(1982_film)" title="Unhinged (1982 film)">Unhinged</a></i> ‒ Originally passed uncut for cinema. Released uncut in 2004.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Visiting_Hours_(film)" title="Visiting Hours (film)">Visiting Hours</a></i> ‒ Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released with approximately 1 minute cut in 1986. Passed uncut in 2017.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Witch_Who_Came_From_the_Sea" class="mw-redirect" title="The Witch Who Came From the Sea">The Witch Who Came From the Sea</a></i> ‒ Released uncut in 2006.</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0381985">Women Behind Bars</a></i> (original title: <i>Des diamants pour l'enfer</i>) ‒ Passed uncut in 2017.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hell_of_the_Living_Dead" title="Hell of the Living Dead">Zombie Creeping Flesh</a></i> (also known as <i>Hell of the Living Dead</i>, <i>Night of the Zombies</i> and <i>Virus</i>) ‒ Originally passed uncut for cinema in an edited version. Full version released uncut in 2002.</li></ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Section_3:_Video_Nasties">Section 3: Video Nasties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_nasty&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Section 3: Video Nasties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A supplementary list was issued along with the official list which featured a list of so-called "Section 3 Video Nasties". Titles on the Section 3 list could not be prosecuted for obscenity but were liable to seizure and confiscation under a "less obscene" charge. Tapes seized under Section 3 could be destroyed after distributors or merchants forfeited them. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ol><li><i>Abducted</i> (a.k.a. <i>Schoolgirls in Chains</i>) – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Aftermath_(1982_film)" title="The Aftermath (1982 film)">The Aftermath</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>Zombie Aftermath</i>) – Passed without cuts in 1988 on the Goldcrest video label.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Black_Room_(1982_film)" title="The Black Room (1982 film)">The Black Room</a></i> – Originally passed uncut for cinema. No UK re-release.</li> <li><i>Blood Lust</i> (a.k.a. <i>Mosquito the Rapist</i>) – Passed with heavy cuts for cinema. No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blood_Song" title="Blood Song">Blood Song</a></i> – Re-released as Dream Slayer.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blue_Eyes_of_the_Broken_Doll" title="Blue Eyes of the Broken Doll">Blue Eyes of the Broken Doll</a></i> – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i>Brutes and Savages</i> – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ultimo_mondo_cannibale" title="Ultimo mondo cannibale">Cannibal</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>Ultimo Mondo Cannibale</i> and <i>Last Cannibal World</i>) – Originally passed with heavy cuts for cinema. Released with 2m 46s of cuts in 2003.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mondo_Cannibale" title="Mondo Cannibale">Cannibal World</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>Mondo Cannibale</i> and <i>The Cannibals</i>) – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Chant_of_Jimmie_Blacksmith_(film)" title="The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith (film)">The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith</a></i> – Passed uncut for cinema in 1978. Released without cuts in 1987.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Child_(1977_film)" title="The Child (1977 film)">The Child</a></i> – Passed uncut for cinema. Released uncut in 2006.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Evil" title="Christmas Evil">Christmas Evil</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>You Better Watch Out</i>) – Released uncut in 2012 with a 15 rating.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alice,_Sweet_Alice" title="Alice, Sweet Alice">Communion</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>Alice Sweet Alice</i>) – Passed uncut for cinema. Passed with 8s of cuts in 1998. Released uncut in 2014.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dawn_of_the_Dead_(1978_film)" title="Dawn of the Dead (1978 film)">Dawn of the Dead</a></i> – Originally passed with heavy cuts for cinema. Passed with cuts for video in 1989 and 1997. Released uncut in 2003.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dawn_of_the_Mummy" title="Dawn of the Mummy">Dawn of the Mummy</a></i> – Passed with 27s of cuts for cinema. Passed with 1m 43s of cuts for video in 1987. Released uncut in 2003.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Strange_Behavior" title="Strange Behavior">Dead Kids</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>Strange Behavior</i>) – Passed with 27s of cuts in 1993 and 2008.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Death_Weekend" title="Death Weekend">Death Weekend</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>The House by the Lake</i>) – Passed with cuts for cinema. No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deep_Red" title="Deep Red">Deep Red</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>Profondo Rosso</i>) – Passed with 11s of cuts in 1993. The extended version was passed uncut in 2010.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Demented_(1980_film)" title="Demented (1980 film)">Demented</a></i> – Released with 1m 19s of cuts in 1987.</li> <li><i>The Demons</i> (a.k.a. <i>Les Démons</i>) – A composite version was passed uncut in 2008 and the original version was passed uncut in 2017.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Answer_the_Phone" class="mw-redirect" title="Don't Answer the Phone">Don't Answer the Phone</a></i> – Passed with cuts for cinema. An edited version was released without further cuts in 2005.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eaten_Alive!" title="Eaten Alive!">Eaten Alive!</a></i> – Passed with heavy cuts for cinema. Passed with heavy cuts for animal cruelty in 1987 and 1992.</li> <li><i>Enter the Devil</i> (a.k.a. <i>Disciples Of Death</i>) – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i>The Erotic Rites of Frankenstein</i> – Released uncut in the U.K. on 22nd Jan, 2018, with an "18" certificate. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.blu-ray.com/movies/The-Erotic-Rites-of-Frankenstein-Blu-ray/186150/">[1]</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Evil_(1978_film)" title="The Evil (1978 film)">The Evil</a></i> – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Massacre_Mafia_Style" title="Massacre Mafia Style">The Executioner</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>Massacre Mafia Style</i>) – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Final_Exam_(1981_film)" title="Final Exam (1981 film)">Final Exam</a></i> – Released uncut in 1986.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Foxy_Brown_(film)" title="Foxy Brown (film)">Foxy Brown</a></i> – Passed in edited form for cinema. Passed with 2m 48s of cuts in 1987. Released with previous cuts waived in 1998.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Friday_the_13th_(1980_film)" title="Friday the 13th (1980 film)">Friday the 13th</a></i> – The R-rated version was released without cuts in 1987. The full unrated version (previously released for cinema) was released uncut in 2003.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Friday_the_13th_Part_2" title="Friday the 13th Part 2">Friday the 13th Part 2</a></i> – The R-rated version was passed uncut in 1987. Downgraded to an uncut 15 certificate in 2008.</li> <li><i>GBH</i> (a.k.a. <i>Grievous Bodily Harm</i>) – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Graduation_Day_(film)" title="Graduation Day (film)">Graduation Day</a></i> – Passed uncut in 1986. Downgraded to an uncut 15 certificate in 2003.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Happy_Birthday_to_Me_(film)" title="Happy Birthday to Me (film)">Happy Birthday to Me</a></i> – Passed uncut for cinema. Also passed uncut for video in 1986. Downgraded to an uncut 15 certificate in 2004.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Headless_Eyes" title="The Headless Eyes">The Headless Eyes</a></i> – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Escape_from_Hell_(1980_film)" title="Escape from Hell (1980 film)">Hell Prison</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>Escape from Hell</i>) – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hills_Have_Eyes_(1977_film)" title="The Hills Have Eyes (1977 film)">The Hills Have Eyes</a></i> – Passed with cuts for cinema. Passed with 2s of cuts for video in 1987. Released uncut in 2003.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Home_Sweet_Home_(1981_film)" title="Home Sweet Home (1981 film)">Home Sweet Home</a></i> – Released uncut in 2004.</li> <li><i>Honeymoon Horror</i> – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Inseminoid" title="Inseminoid">Inseminoid</a></i> – Passed uncut for cinema. Also passed uncut for video in 1987. Downgraded to a 15 certificate in 2005.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_the_Blood_Farmers" title="Invasion of the Blood Farmers">Invasion of the Blood Farmers</a></i> – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Clairvoyant_(1982_film)" title="The Clairvoyant (1982 film)">The Killing Hour</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>The Clairvoyant</i>) – Originally passed uncut for cinema. Passed with 1m 19s of cuts in 1986.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Horror_Film" title="The Last Horror Film">The Last Horror Film</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>Fanatic</i>) – Passed with cuts for cinema. An edited version was released in 2003.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Hunter" title="The Last Hunter">The Last Hunter</a></i> – Passed uncut for cinema. Passed with 8s of cuts in 1988. Released uncut in 2002.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Love_Butcher" title="The Love Butcher">The Love Butcher</a></i> – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mad_Foxes" title="Mad Foxes">Mad Foxes</a></i> – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mark_of_the_Devil_(1970_film)" title="Mark of the Devil (1970 film)">Mark of the Devil</a></i> – Passed with heavy cuts for cinema. Passed with cuts in 1998 and 2003. Released uncut in 2013.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Martin_(1978_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin (1978 film)">Martin</a></i> – Passed uncut for cinema. Also passed uncut for video in 1994.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mansion_of_the_Doomed" title="Mansion of the Doomed">Massacre Mansion</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>Mansion of the Doomed</i>) – Passed uncut for cinema. Also passed uncut for video in 1992. Downgraded to an uncut 15 certificate in 2000.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_(film)" title="Mausoleum (film)">Mausoleum</a></i> – Released uncut in 1987.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Midnight_(1982_film)" title="Midnight (1982 film)">Midnight</a></i> – Passed uncut for cinema. An edited version was released in 1993. Full version passed uncut in 2011.</li> <li><i>Naked Fist</i> (a.k.a. <i>Firecracker</i>) – Passed with 3m 53s of cuts for cinema. No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Nesting" title="The Nesting">The Nesting</a></i> – Passed uncut in 1986.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Adventures_of_Snow_White" title="The New Adventures of Snow White">The New Adventures of Snow White</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>Grimm Fairy Tales for Adults</i>) – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nightbeast" title="Nightbeast">Nightbeast</a></i> – Passed uncut in 1996.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Night_of_the_Living_Dead" title="Night of the Living Dead">Night of the Living Dead</a></i> – Passed with cuts for cinema. Released uncut in 1987. Downgraded to a 15 certificate in 2007. Now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nightmare_City" title="Nightmare City">Nightmare City</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>City of the Walking Dead</i>) – Passed with 3m 5s of cuts in 1986. Released uncut in 2003.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oasis_of_the_Zombies" title="Oasis of the Zombies">Oasis of the Zombies</a></i> – Passed uncut in 2004 with a 15 certificate.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Parasite_(1982_film)" title="Parasite (1982 film)">Parasite</a></i> – Passed uncut for cinema. Also passed uncut for video in 1993.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phantasm_(film)" title="Phantasm (film)">Phantasm</a></i> – Passed uncut for cinema. Also passed uncut for video in 1989. Downgraded to a 15 certificate in 2005.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daddy%27s_Deadly_Darling" class="mw-redirect" title="Daddy's Deadly Darling">Pigs</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>Daddy's Deadly Darling</i>) – Released by 88 Films in 2016. Unknown if cut.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prey_(1977_film)" title="Prey (1977 film)">Prey</a></i> – Passed with 11s of cuts for cinema and video. A print shortened for dialogue was passed uncut in 2004.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prom_Night_(1980_film)" title="Prom Night (1980 film)">Prom Night</a></i> – Passed uncut for cinema. Also passed uncut for video in 1987.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rabid_(1977_film)" title="Rabid (1977 film)">Rabid</a></i> – Passed uncut for cinema. Also passed uncut for video in 1992.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Prowler_(1981_film)" title="The Prowler (1981 film)">Rosemary's Killer</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>The Prowler</i>) – Passed with cuts for cinema. Released uncut in 2007.</li> <li><i>Savage Terror</i> (a.k.a. <i>Primitives</i>) – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scanners" title="Scanners">Scanners</a></i> – Passed uncut for cinema. Also passed uncut for video in 1987.</li> <li><i>Scream for Vengeance!</i> – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shogun_Assassin" title="Shogun Assassin">Shogun Assassin</a></i> – Passed with cuts for cinema. Released uncut in 1999.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_belva_col_mitra" class="mw-redirect" title="La belva col mitra">Street Killers</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>Beast with a Gun</i>) – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Astrologer_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Astrologer (film)">Suicide Cult</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>The Astrologer</i>) – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Superstition_(1982_film)" title="Superstition (1982 film)">Superstition</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>The Witch</i>) – Passed uncut for cinema. Also passed uncut for video in 1986.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Suspiria" title="Suspiria">Suspiria</a></i> – Passed with cuts for cinema. Released uncut in 1998.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Terror_(1978_film)" title="Terror (1978 film)">Terror</a></i> – Passed with cuts for cinema. Released uncut in 1997.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Texas_Chain_Saw_Massacre" title="The Texas Chain Saw Massacre">The Texas Chain Saw Massacre</a></i> — Refused a cinema certificate in 1975. Passed uncut in 1999.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Thing_(1982_film)" title="The Thing (1982 film)">The Thing</a></i> – Passed uncut for cinema. Also passed uncut for video in 1987.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mad_Doctor_of_Blood_Island" title="The Mad Doctor of Blood Island">Tomb of the Living Dead</a></i> (a.k.a. <i>Mad Doctor of Blood Island</i>) – Passed with cuts for cinema. Released with 42s of animal cruelty cuts in 2003.</li> <li><i>The Toy Box</i> – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Werewolf_Woman" title="Werewolf Woman">Werewolf Woman</a></i> – Passed with cuts for cinema. No UK re-release.</li> <li><i>Wrong Way</i> – No UK re-release.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xtro" title="Xtro">Xtro</a></i> – Passed uncut for cinema. Also passed uncut for video in 1987. Downgraded to an uncut 15 certificate in 2007.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zombie_Holocaust" title="Zombie Holocaust">Zombie Holocaust</a></i> – Passed uncut in 2000.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zombie_Lake" title="Zombie Lake">Zombie Lake</a></i> – Passed uncut in 2004.</li></ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Films_banned_by_the_BBFC_but_not_classed_as_video_nasties">Films banned by the BBFC but not classed as video nasties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_nasty&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Films banned by the BBFC but not classed as video nasties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Curfew_(1989_film)" title="Curfew (1989 film)">Curfew</a></i> — Banned for video in 1988. Released uncut in 2002.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maniac_(1980_film)" title="Maniac (1980 film)">Maniac</a></i> — Banned for cinema in 1981 and again for video in 1998. Released with 58 seconds of cuts in 2002. Released uncut in 2022.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mother%27s_Day_(1980_film)" title="Mother's Day (1980 film)">Mother's Day</a></i> — Banned for cinema in 1980. Released uncut in 2015.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Ripper" title="The New York Ripper">The New York Ripper</a></i> — Banned for cinema in 1982 and re-exported to original distributor in Italy. Released with 29 seconds of cuts in 2002.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Silent_Night,_Deadly_Night_Part_2" title="Silent Night, Deadly Night Part 2">Silent Night, Deadly Night Part 2</a></i> – Denied a BBFC certificate in 1987. The original <i><a href="/wiki/Silent_Night,_Deadly_Night" title="Silent Night, Deadly Night">Silent Night, Deadly Night</a></i> was never submitted for UK release until 2008, when it was released uncut with an 18 certificate.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Straw_Dogs_(1971_film)" title="Straw Dogs (1971 film)">Straw Dogs</a></i> — Originally passed uncut for cinema. Withdrawn around the video nasty period but not actually included on the list. It was given an uncut theatrical re-release in 1995 but two subsequent attempts to pass the film for video in 1999 resulted in BBFC rejections. It was finally released uncut in 2002.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_films_seized_by_the_police_but_not_classed_as_video_nasties">Other films seized by the police but not classed as video nasties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_nasty&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Other films seized by the police but not classed as video nasties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Basket_Case_(film)" title="Basket Case (film)">Basket Case</a></i> – Seized for similarity to other slasher films. Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Passed with an additional 35s of cuts in 1987. Released uncut in 1999.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blood_for_Dracula" title="Blood for Dracula">Blood for Dracula</a></i> – Seized for association with and similarity to <i>Flesh for Frankenstein</i>. Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Released uncut in 1995.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/City_of_the_Living_Dead" title="City of the Living Dead">City of the Living Dead</a></i> – Another horror film by Lucio Fulci, who had multiple films on the DPP list. Originally passed with cuts for cinema. Passed with 2m 21s of cuts in 1987. Released uncut in 2001.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Macabre_(1980_film)" title="Macabre (1980 film)">Macabre</a></i> – Seized due to the cover art which displayed a severed head inside a refrigerator. Released uncut in 1987.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Madman_(1982_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Madman (1982 film)">Madman</a></i> – Seized for similarity to other slasher films. Originally passed uncut for cinema. Released uncut in 2002.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Night_of_the_Seagulls" title="Night of the Seagulls">Night of the Seagulls</a></i> – Seized for similarity to other zombie films and the explicit cover imagery. An alternative title to the film was <i>Don't Go Out at Night</i>, which may have been linked to the multiple <i>Don't</i> titles on the DPP list. Passed with 1m 6s of cuts in 1987. Released uncut in 2005.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Terror_Express" title="Terror Express">Terror Express</a></i> – Seized for similarity to <i>Night Train Murders</i>. No UK re-release.</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_films">Other films</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_nasty&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Other films"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Clockwork_Orange_(film)" title="A Clockwork Orange (film)">A Clockwork Orange</a></i> – Sometimes mistakenly believed to have been banned by the BBFC, it was actually <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> himself who withdrew the film from exhibition in the UK in 1973 on police advice. This was after receiving death threats toward himself and his family, as well as disliking reports found in the British Press that the film was responsible for copycat violence. Quoting Kubrick: "To try and fasten any responsibility on art as the cause of life seems to me to put the case the wrong way around. Art consists of reshaping life but it does not create life, nor cause life. Furthermore, to attribute powerful suggestive qualities to a film is at odds with the scientifically accepted view that, even after deep hypnosis, in a posthypnotic state, people cannot be made to do things which are at odds with their natures".<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Kubrick's death, the film was re-released uncut at cinemas in the UK in 2000, and thereafter on both VHS and DVD.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Child%27s_Play_3" title="Child's Play 3">Child's Play 3</a></i> – The film became notorious in the United Kingdom when it was suggested it might have inspired the real-life murder of British child <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_James_Bulger" title="Murder of James Bulger">James Bulger</a> (a suggestion rejected by officers investigating the case) and the <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Suzanne_Capper" title="Murder of Suzanne Capper">murder of Suzanne Capper</a> (the police and the British Board of Film Classification ruled out any connection between the movie and the murder).<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Exorcist_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Exorcist (film)">The Exorcist</a></i> – Although never officially cut or banned in the UK, several attempts to release the film on video were thwarted by BBFC censor <a href="/wiki/James_Ferman" title="James Ferman">James Ferman</a>, who cited both the age of the possessed girl (as she was under 12, the film might have had significant appeal to underaged viewers) and reports of incidents of hysteria involving young women (leading to concerns that the film might cause severe emotional problems for those who believed in demonic possession) as obstacles to a home release. Following a successful theatrical re-release in 1998 and Ferman's retirement as censor in January 1999, the film was submitted for home video release for the first time in February 1999, and was passed uncut with an "18" certificate. The film had previously been released on video in 1981, uncertificated, by Warner Home Video.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Last_House_on_Dead_End_Street" title="Last House on Dead End Street">Last House on Dead End Street</a></i> – Also known as <i>The Fun House</i>, this film was probably the intended target when the BBFC added the similarly-entitled <i><a href="/wiki/The_Funhouse" title="The Funhouse">The Funhouse</a></i> to the list. Passed uncut with an "18" certificate in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scum_(film)" title="Scum (film)">Scum</a></i> – The original TV film was made by the BBC, but they later decided not to broadcast it owing to the violence and suicides in the film. It was quickly remade by most of the original production team and released in cinemas, and was released on VHS at the height of the Video Nasties controversy, quickly becoming associated with them in the media.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mikey_(film)" title="Mikey (film)">Mikey</a></i> – The film was withdrawn from release in the United Kingdom following the James Bulger murder in Liverpool in 1993. The decision was made by the BBFC which refused to issue it with a UK release certificate in 1996. It remains prohibited in the UK.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ireland">Ireland</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_nasty&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Ireland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The moral concern extended to <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dailrpt_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dailrpt-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1986, the Dáil Select Committee on Criminal Lawlessness and Vandalism issued a report "Controls on video nasties" recommending that the powers of the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Film_Classification_Office" title="Irish Film Classification Office">film censor's office</a> be extended to videos.<sup id="cite_ref-dailrpt_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dailrpt-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was implemented by the Video Recordings Act in 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_nasty&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img 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auteurism">Vulgar auteurism</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_nasty&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200924204745/https://www.bbfc.co.uk/education-resources/education-news/video-nasties">"Video Nasties"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification" title="British Board of Film Classification">BBFC</a></i>. 19 May 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bbfc.co.uk/education-resources/education-news/video-nasties">the original</a> on 24 September 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBFC&rft.atitle=Video+Nasties&rft.date=2005-05-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbfc.co.uk%2Feducation-resources%2Feducation-news%2Fvideo-nasties&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBFC2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBFC2_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBFC2_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bbfc.co.uk/case-studies/cannibal-holocaust">"Cannibal Holocaust"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification" title="British Board of Film Classification">BBFC</a></i>. 5 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBFC&rft.atitle=Cannibal+Holocaust&rft.date=2011-10-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbfc.co.uk%2Fcase-studies%2Fcannibal-holocaust&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://classiccountrymusic.com/7-facts-about-the-best-little-whorehouse-in-texas/">"7 Facts About 'The Best Little Whorehouse In Texas'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Classic Country Music</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Classic+Country+Music&rft.atitle=7+Facts+About+%27The+Best+Little+Whorehouse+In+Texas%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fclassiccountrymusic.com%2F7-facts-about-the-best-little-whorehouse-in-texas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetley2011" class="citation book cs1">Petley, Julian (2011). <i>Film and Video Censorship in Modern Britain</i>. <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_University_Press" title="Edinburgh University Press">Edinburgh University Press</a>. p. 213. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3366%2Fedinburgh%2F9780748625383.001.0001">10.3366/edinburgh/9780748625383.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0748625383" title="Special:BookSources/978-0748625383"><bdi>978-0748625383</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Film+and+Video+Censorship+in+Modern+Britain&rft.pages=213&rft.pub=Edinburgh+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3366%2Fedinburgh%2F9780748625383.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0748625383&rft.aulast=Petley&rft.aufirst=Julian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nick_Johnstone_1999-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nick_Johnstone_1999_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nick Johnstone (1999). <i>Abel Ferrara: The King of New York</i>. Omnibus Press: 13</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetley2012" class="citation journal cs1">Petley, Julian (2012-06-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.openedition.org/rsa/839">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Are We Insane ?". The "Video Nasty" Moral Panic"</a>. <i>Recherches Sociologiques et Anthropologiques</i>. <b>43</b> (43–1): 35–57. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4000%2Frsa.839">10.4000/rsa.839</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1782-1592">1782-1592</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Recherches+Sociologiques+et+Anthropologiques&rft.atitle=%22Are+We+Insane+%3F%22.+The+%22Video+Nasty%22+Moral+Panic&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=43%E2%80%931&rft.pages=35-57&rft.date=2012-06-30&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4000%2Frsa.839&rft.issn=1782-1592&rft.aulast=Petley&rft.aufirst=Julian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.openedition.org%2Frsa%2F839&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bloody-disgusting.com/editorials/3476400/breaking-72-video-nasties/">"Breaking Down All 72 Video Nasties!"</a>. <i>Bloody Disgusting!</i>. 2018-01-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloody+Disgusting%21&rft.atitle=Breaking+Down+All+72+Video+Nasties%21&rft.date=2018-01-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbloody-disgusting.com%2Feditorials%2F3476400%2Fbreaking-72-video-nasties%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKerekesSlater2000" class="citation book cs1">Kerekes, David; Slater, David (2000). <i>See No Evil: Banned Films and Video Controversy</i>. <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a>: Critical Vision. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-900486-10-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-900486-10-1"><bdi>978-1-900486-10-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=See+No+Evil%3A+Banned+Films+and+Video+Controversy&rft.place=Manchester&rft.pub=Critical+Vision&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1-900486-10-1&rft.aulast=Kerekes&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Slater%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081013010107/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/leading_article/article3257073.ece">Stop this debasing film -Times Online</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurray2008" class="citation web cs1">Murray, James (27 January 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/32920/Outrage-at-sick-Nazi-DVDs-for-sale">"Outrage at Sick Nazi DVDs for Sale | UK | News | Daily Express"</a>. <i>Express</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Express&rft.atitle=Outrage+at+Sick+Nazi+DVDs+for+Sale+%7C+UK+%7C+News+%7C+Daily+Express&rft.date=2008-01-27&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.express.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2F32920%2FOutrage-at-sick-Nazi-DVDs-for-sale&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSiegert2008" class="citation web cs1">Siegert, Paul (22 February 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/politics_show/7254808.stm">"BBC News | Programmes | Politics Show | Dismember of Parliament"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=BBC+News+%7C+Programmes+%7C+Politics+Show+%7C+Dismember+of+Parliament&rft.date=2008-02-22&rft.aulast=Siegert&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fprogrammes%2Fpolitics_show%2F7254808.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110616131043/http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/film/article3257530.ece">MPs press for ban on SS camp ‘video nasty’</a><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://centrallobby.politicshome.com/latestnews/article-detail/newsarticle/mps-film-censorship-bid-defeated/">"MP's Film Censorship Bid Defeated : ePolitix.com"</a>. <i>PoliticsHome</i>. 29 February 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PoliticsHome&rft.atitle=MP%27s+Film+Censorship+Bid+Defeated+%3A+ePolitix.com&rft.date=2008-02-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcentrallobby.politicshome.com%2Flatestnews%2Farticle-detail%2Fnewsarticle%2Fmps-film-censorship-bid-defeated%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFisher2007" class="citation web cs1">Fisher, Frank (6 July 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2007/jul/06/getyourtanksoffourporn">"Get Your Tanks Off Our Porn! | Comment Is Free | <i>The Guardian</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Get+Your+Tanks+Off+Our+Porn%21+%7C+Comment+Is+Free+%7C+The+Guardian&rft.date=2007-07-06&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fcommentisfree%2F2007%2Fjul%2F06%2Fgetyourtanksoffourporn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/debates/?id=2007-10-08b.59.1">"Criminal Justice and Immigration Bill: 8 Oct 2007: House of Commons Debates – TheyWorkForYou"</a>. <i>TheyWorkForYou.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TheyWorkForYou.com&rft.atitle=Criminal+Justice+and+Immigration+Bill%3A+8+Oct+2007%3A+House+of+Commons+Debates+%E2%80%93+TheyWorkForYou&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theyworkforyou.com%2Fdebates%2F%3Fid%3D2007-10-08b.59.1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/absurd-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0zmdq4nta">"Absurd"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Absurd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbfc.co.uk%2Frelease%2Fabsurd-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0zmdq4nta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/california-axe-massacre-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0yota1mtk">"California Axe Massacre"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=California+Axe+Massacre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbfc.co.uk%2Frelease%2Fcalifornia-axe-massacre-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0yota1mtk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickeringmyth.com/2022/06/best-uk-video-nasties-of-all-time/">The Best UK Video Nasties Of All Time – Flickering Myth</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bbfc.co.uk/GVV102579/">"Cannibal Holocaust"</a>. <i>British Board of Film Classification</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Board+of+Film+Classification&rft.atitle=Cannibal+Holocaust&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbfc.co.uk%2FGVV102579%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/love-camp-7-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0ynzy3ndm">"Love Camp 7"</a>. <i>British Board of Film Classification</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Board+of+Film+Classification&rft.atitle=Love+Camp+7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbfc.co.uk%2Frelease%2Flove-camp-7-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0ynzy3ndm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0082812/alternateversions">"Alternate versions"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Internet_Movie_Database" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet Movie Database">Internet Movie Database</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Movie+Database&rft.atitle=Alternate+versions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt0082812%2Falternateversions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paul Duncan, <i>Stanley Kubrick: The Complete Films</i>, page 136 (Taschen GmbH, 2003) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-8228-1592-6" title="Special:BookSources/3-8228-1592-6">3-8228-1592-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBriggsCobley2002" class="citation book cs1">Briggs, Adam; Cobley, Paul (2002). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mediaintroductio0000unse"><i>The media: an introduction</i></a></span>. Harlow: Pearson Education. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-582-42346-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-582-42346-6"><bdi>978-0-582-42346-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+media%3A+an+introduction&rft.place=Harlow&rft.pub=Pearson+Education&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-582-42346-6&rft.aulast=Briggs&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.au=Cobley%2C+Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmediaintroductio0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbfc.co.uk/education/case-studies/exorcist">"The Exorcist"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification" title="British Board of Film Classification">BBFC</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBFC&rft.atitle=The+Exorcist&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbfc.co.uk%2Feducation%2Fcase-studies%2Fexorcist&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/last-house-on-dead-end-street-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0yotixnzu">"Last House on Dead End Street"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification" title="British Board of Film Classification">BBFC</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBFC&rft.atitle=Last+House+on+Dead+End+Street&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbfc.co.uk%2Frelease%2Flast-house-on-dead-end-street-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0yotixnzu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/mikey-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0yodm1njc">"Mikey"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification" title="British Board of Film Classification">BBFC</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBFC&rft.atitle=Mikey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbfc.co.uk%2Frelease%2Fmikey-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0yodm1njc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dailrpt-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dailrpt_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dailrpt_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDáil_Select_Committee_on_Criminal_Lawlessness_and_Vandalism1986" class="citation web cs1">Dáil Select Committee on Criminal Lawlessness and Vandalism (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120501082631/http://193.178.2.84/test/R/1986/REPORT_25061986_1.html">"Report No. 10 – Controls on video nasties"</a>. Oireachtas. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://193.178.2.84/test/R/1986/REPORT_25061986_1.html">the original</a> on 1 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Report+No.+10+%E2%80%93+Controls+on+video+nasties&rft.pub=Oireachtas&rft.date=1986&rft.au=D%C3%A1il+Select+Committee+on+Criminal+Lawlessness+and+Vandalism&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F193.178.2.84%2Ftest%2FR%2F1986%2FREPORT_25061986_1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1989/en/act/pub/0022/index.html">"Video Recordings Act, 1989"</a>. <i>Irish Statute Book</i>. Attorney General. 1989<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Irish+Statute+Book&rft.atitle=Video+Recordings+Act%2C+1989&rft.date=1989&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishstatutebook.ie%2F1989%2Fen%2Fact%2Fpub%2F0022%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollins1988" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Collins_(politician)" title="Gerry Collins (politician)">Collins, Gerry</a> (10 November 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://debates.oireachtas.ie/dail/1988/11/10/00019.asp#N44">"Video Recordings Bill, 1987 [Seanad]: Second Stage (Resumed)"</a>. <i>Dáil debates</i>. Oireachtas. pp. Vol.384 No.1 p.19 c.202<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2011</span>. <q>The tenth report of that committee, dealing with controls on video nasties, provided some very important information, comment and proposals.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=D%C3%A1il+debates&rft.atitle=Video+Recordings+Bill%2C+1987+%5BSeanad%5D%3A+Second+Stage+%28Resumed%29.&rft.pages=Vol.384+No.1+p.19+c.202&rft.date=1988-11-10&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=Gerry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdebates.oireachtas.ie%2Fdail%2F1988%2F11%2F10%2F00019.asp%23N44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_nasty&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin1983" class="citation book cs1">Martin, John (1983). <i>Seduction of the Gullible: The Truth Behind the Video Nasty Scandal</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Seduction+of+the+Gullible%3A+The+Truth+Behind+the+Video+Nasty+Scandal&rft.date=1983&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKerekes2000" class="citation book cs1">Kerekes, David (2000). <i>See No Evil</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=See+No+Evil&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Kerekes&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorrisFentonBrewster2005" class="citation book cs1">Morris, Marc; Fenton, Harvey; Brewster, Francis (2005). <i>Shock! Horror! Astounding Artwork from the Video Nasty Era</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shock%21+Horror%21+Astounding+Artwork+from+the+Video+Nasty+Era&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft.au=Fenton%2C+Harvey&rft.au=Brewster%2C+Francis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorrisWingrove1998" class="citation book cs1">Morris, Marc; Wingrove, Nigel (1998). <i>The Art of the Nasty</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Art+of+the+Nasty&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft.au=Wingrove%2C+Nigel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0480344/combined">Ban the Sadist Videos Pt 1</a></i> (documentary)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0962751/combined">Ban the Sadist Videos Pt 2</a></i> (documentary)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1740712/combined"><i>Video Nasties: Moral Panic, Censorship & Videotape</i></a> (documentary)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3562516/combined"><i>Video Nasties: Draconian Days</i></a> (documentary)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_nasty&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarker1984" class="citation book cs1">Barker, Martin (1984). <i>The Video Nasties: Freedom and Censorship in the Media</i>. <a href="/wiki/Pluto_Press" title="Pluto Press">Pluto Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8610-4667-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8610-4667-6"><bdi>978-0-8610-4667-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Video+Nasties%3A+Freedom+and+Censorship+in+the+Media&rft.pub=Pluto+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0-8610-4667-6&rft.aulast=Barker&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEgan2007" class="citation book cs1">Egan, Kate (2007). "The Celebration of a 'Proper Product': Exploring the Residual Collectible through the 'Video Nasty'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". In Arcland, R. (ed.). <i>Residual Media</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota_Press" title="University of Minnesota Press">University of Minnesota Press</a>. pp. 200–222. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8166-4471-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8166-4471-1"><bdi>978-0-8166-4471-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Celebration+of+a+%27Proper+Product%27%3A+Exploring+the+Residual+Collectible+through+the+%27Video+Nasty%27&rft.btitle=Residual+Media&rft.pages=200-222&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-8166-4471-1&rft.aulast=Egan&rft.aufirst=Kate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEgan2007" class="citation book cs1">Egan, Kate (2007). <i>Trash or Treasure? The Changing Meaning of the Video Nasties</i>. <a href="/wiki/Manchester_University_Press" title="Manchester University Press">Manchester University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-7233-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-7233-8"><bdi>978-0-7190-7233-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Trash+or+Treasure%3F+The+Changing+Meaning+of+the+Video+Nasties&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7190-7233-8&rft.aulast=Egan&rft.aufirst=Kate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Something Nasty This Way Comes...". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Side_(magazine)" title="The Dark Side (magazine)">The Dark Side</a></i> (20). Stray Cat Publishing Ltd: 13–32. May 1992.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Dark+Side&rft.atitle=Something+Nasty+This+Way+Comes...&rft.issue=20&rft.pages=13-32&rft.date=1992-05&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin1996" class="citation journal cs1">Martin, John (July 1996). "The Official 'Video Nasties' and How They Got That Way...". <i>The Dark Side</i> (58). Stray Cat Publishing Ltd: 48–62.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Dark+Side&rft.atitle=The+Official+%27Video+Nasties%27+and+How+They+Got+That+Way...&rft.issue=58&rft.pages=48-62&rft.date=1996-07&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+nasty" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_nasty&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.melonfarmers.co.uk/nasties.htm">Overview of all video nasties</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hysteria-lives.co.uk/hysterialives/nasties/nastiesmain1.htm">History of video nasties</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130102092522/http://www.critical-film.com/essays/Nasties/Nasties1.html">Complete video nasties analysis from Critical-Film.com</a> at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a> (archived January 2, 2013)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pre-cert.co.uk/search.php?t=Category&c=UK&id=1">UK Pre Certification video database with additional information</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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href="/wiki/Template:Horror_film" title="Template:Horror film"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Horror_film" title="Template talk:Horror film"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Horror_film" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Horror film"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Horror_film" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Horror_film" title="Horror film">Horror film</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subgenres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_horror" title="Art horror">Arthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blaxploitation_horror_films" title="Blaxploitation horror films">Blaxploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_horror" title="Body horror">Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_horror" title="Christmas horror">Christmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_horror" title="Comedy horror">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_horror" title="Folk horror">Folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_footage_(film_technique)" title="Found footage (film technique)">Found footage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Gothic romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_holiday_horror_films" title="List of holiday horror films">Holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovecraftian_horror" title="Lovecraftian horror">Lovecraftian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monster_movie" title="Monster movie">Monster</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kaiju" title="Kaiju">Kaiju</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmodern_horror" title="Postmodern horror">Postmodern horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_horror_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychological horror film">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satanic_film" title="Satanic film">Satanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slasher_film" title="Slasher film">Slasher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splatter_film" title="Splatter film">Splatter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernatural_horror_film" title="Supernatural horror film">Supernatural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_thriller" title="Social thriller">Social thriller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teen_horror" class="mw-redirect" title="Teen horror">Teen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zombie_film" title="Zombie film">Zombie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zombie_comedy" title="Zombie comedy">comedy</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horror_films_of_Asia" title="Horror films of Asia">Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horror_films_of_Cambodia" title="Horror films of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_horror_film" title="Chinese horror film">China</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Jiangshi_fiction" title="Jiangshi fiction">Jiangshi</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_horror" title="Indonesian horror">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_horror" title="Japanese horror">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_horror" title="Korean horror">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_horror" title="Thai horror">Thailand</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_films_of_Europe" title="Horror films of Europe">Europe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_underground_horror" title="German underground horror">German underground horror</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_films_of_Mexico" title="Horror films of Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_horror_cinema" title="British horror cinema">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_horror_films" title="Lists of horror films">Film lists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-grossing_horror_films" title="List of highest-grossing horror films">Highest-grossing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_first_horror_films_by_country" title="List of first horror films by country">First film by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_horror_films" title="List of Indian horror films">Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindi_horror_films" title="List of Hindi horror films">Hindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Malayalam_horror_films" title="List of Malayalam horror films">Malayalam</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="By_decade" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By decade</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1890s" title="List of horror films of the 1890s">1890s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1900s" title="List of horror films of the 1900s">1900s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1910s" title="List of horror films of the 1910s">1910s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1920s" title="List of horror films of the 1920s">1920s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1930s" title="List of horror films of the 1930s">1930s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1940s" title="List of horror films of the 1940s">1940s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1950s" title="List of horror films of the 1950s">1950s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1960s" title="List of horror films of the 1960s">1960s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1970s" title="List of horror films of the 1970s">1970s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1980s" title="List of horror films of the 1980s">1980s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1990s" title="List of horror films of the 1990s">1990s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_2000s" title="List of horror films of the 2000s">2000s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_2010s" title="List of horror films of the 2010s">2010s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_2020s" title="List of horror films of the 2020s">2020s</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_anthology_films" title="List of horror anthology films">Anthology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_comedy_horror_films" title="List of comedy horror films">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_eco-horror_films" title="List of eco-horror films">Eco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ghost_films" title="List of ghost films">Ghost</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_ghost_movie" title="Indian ghost movie">Indian ghost movie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_horror_films" title="List of natural horror films">Natural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_French_Extremity" title="New French Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_horror_films" title="List of science fiction horror films">Sci-fi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_set_in_academic_institutions" title="List of horror films set in academic institutions">Set in academic institutions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_horror_films" title="History of horror films">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_film_score" title="Horror film score">Score</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_in_horror_films" title="Gender in horror films">Gender</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Final_girl" title="Final girl">final girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scream_queen" title="Scream queen">scream queen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaic_mother" title="Archaic mother">archaic mother</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jump_scare" title="Jump scare">Jump scare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disability_in_horror_films" title="Disability in horror films">Disability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_themes_in_horror_films" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT themes in horror films">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_in_horror_films" title="Race in horror films">Race</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_burial_ground_trope" title="Indian burial ground trope">Indian burial ground trope</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_horror_film_characters" title="Lists of horror film characters">Characters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horror_host" title="Horror host">hosts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_film_villains" title="List of horror film villains">villains</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B_movie" title="B movie">B movie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">Exploitation film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_cinema" title="Extreme cinema">Extreme cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grindhouse" title="Grindhouse">Grindhouse</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Video nasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgar_auteurism" title="Vulgar auteurism">Vulgar auteurism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Horror_films" title="Category:Horror films">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Horror_fiction" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Horror_fiction" title="Template:Horror fiction"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Horror_fiction" title="Template talk:Horror fiction"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Horror_fiction" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Horror fiction"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Horror_fiction" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Horror_fiction" title="Horror fiction">Horror fiction</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speculative_fiction" title="Speculative fiction">Speculative fiction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_anime" title="List of horror anime">Anime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_comics" title="Horror comics">Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_film" title="Horror film">Films</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_horror_films" title="History of horror films">History</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_fiction_magazine" title="Horror fiction magazine">Magazines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_podcast" title="Horror podcast">Podcasts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_television_programs" title="List of horror television programs">Television programs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_video_game" class="mw-redirect" title="Horror video game">Video games</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_video_games" class="mw-redirect" title="List of horror video games">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_horror" title="Art horror">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_horror" title="Black horror">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_horror" title="Body horror">Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_horror" title="Christmas horror">Christmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_horror" title="Comedy horror">Comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zombie_comedy" title="Zombie comedy">Zombie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creepypasta" title="Creepypasta">Creepypasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmicism" title="Cosmicism">Cosmic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_fantasy" title="Dark fantasy">Dark fantasy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Romanticism" title="Dark Romanticism">Dark Romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Works_based_on_Faust" title="Works based on Faust">Faustian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grimdark" title="Grimdark">Grimdark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splatterpunk" title="Splatterpunk">Splatterpunk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_horror" title="Erotic horror">Erotic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ero_guro" title="Ero guro">Guro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monster_erotica" title="Monster erotica">Monster erotica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zombie_pornography" title="Zombie pornography">Zombie pornography</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_horror" title="Folk horror">Folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_story" title="Ghost story">Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_giallo_films" title="List of giallo films">List of films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_fiction" title="Gothic fiction">Gothic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Gothic_fiction" title="American Gothic fiction">American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Gothic" title="Southern Gothic">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ontario_Gothic" title="Southern Ontario Gothic">Southern Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suburban_Gothic" title="Suburban Gothic">Suburban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_Gothic" title="Tasmanian Gothic">Tasmanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Gothic" title="Urban Gothic">Urban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_horror" title="Japanese horror">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_horror" title="Korean horror">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovecraftian_horror" title="Lovecraftian horror">Lovecraftian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monster" title="Monster">Monsters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jiangshi_fiction" title="Jiangshi fiction">Jiangshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vampire_literature" title="Vampire literature">Vampire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werewolf_fiction" title="Werewolf fiction">Werewolf</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occult_detective_fiction" title="Occult detective fiction">Occult detective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organ_transplantation_in_fiction" title="Organ transplantation in fiction">Organ transplantation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penny_dreadful" title="Penny dreadful">Penny dreadful</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmodern_horror" title="Postmodern horror">Postmodern horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_horror" title="Psychological horror">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survival_horror" title="Survival horror">Survival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techno-horror" title="Techno-horror">Techno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weird_fiction" title="Weird fiction">Weird fiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_weird" title="New weird">New weird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weird_menace" title="Weird menace">Weird menace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weird_West" title="Weird West">Weird West</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zombie_apocalypse" title="Zombie apocalypse">Zombie apocalypse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Monster" title="Monster">Monsters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demon" title="Demon">Demons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Devil" title="Devil">Devils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghoul" title="Ghoul">Ghouls</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evil_clown" title="Evil clown">Evil clowns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrials_in_fiction" title="Extraterrestrials in fiction">Extraterrestrials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire-breathing_monster" title="Fire-breathing monster">Fire-breathing monsters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chimera_(mythology)" title="Chimera (mythology)">Chimera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon" title="Dragon">Dragons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gargoyle_(monster)" title="Gargoyle (monster)">Gargoyles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiju" title="Kaiju">Kaiju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killer_toy" title="Killer toy">Killer toy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutants_in_fiction" title="Mutants in fiction">Mutants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogre" title="Ogre">Ogres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_monster" title="Sea monster">Sea monster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piranha" title="Piranha">Piranha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shapeshifting" title="Shapeshifting">Therianthropes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Werecat" title="Werecat">Werecats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werewolf" title="Werewolf">Werewolves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undead" title="Undead">Undead</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personifications_of_death" title="Personifications of death">Death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost" title="Ghost">Ghosts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mummy_(undead)" title="Mummy (undead)">Mummies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skeleton_(undead)" title="Skeleton (undead)">Skeletons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vampire" title="Vampire">Vampires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zombie" title="Zombie">Zombies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft" title="Witchcraft">Witches</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_comedy" title="Black comedy">Black comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy" title="Fantasy">Fantasy fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystery_fiction" title="Mystery fiction">Mystery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranormal_fiction" title="Paranormal fiction">Paranormal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gods_and_demons_fiction" title="Gods and demons fiction">Shenmo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernatural_fiction" title="Supernatural fiction">Supernatural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thriller_(genre)" title="Thriller (genre)">Thriller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokusatsu" title="Tokusatsu">Tokusatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_legends_and_myths" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban legends and myths">Urban legend</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Guignol" title="Grand Guignol">Grand Guignol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_fiction_writers" title="List of horror fiction writers">Writers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_convention" title="Horror convention">Conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_themes_in_horror_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT themes in horror fiction">LGBT themes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_television_series_with_LGBT_characters" title="List of horror television series with LGBT characters">characters</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macabre" title="Macabre">Macabre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_host" title="Horror host">Horror host</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_punk" title="Horror punk">Horror punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deathrock" title="Deathrock">Deathrock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horrorcore" title="Horrorcore">Horrorcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgar_auteurism" title="Vulgar auteurism">Vulgar auteurism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pulp_magazine" title="Pulp magazine">Pulp magazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Speculative_Fiction_Database" title="Internet Speculative Fiction Database">Internet Speculative Fiction Database</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bram_Stoker_Award" title="Bram Stoker Award">Bram Stoker Award</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Video nasties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Horror_fiction" title="Category:Horror fiction">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Speculative_fiction/Horror" title="Portal:Speculative fiction/Horror">Portal</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Film_genres" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Film_genres" title="Template:Film genres"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Film_genres" title="Template talk:Film genres"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Film_genres" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Film genres"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Film_genres" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">Film</a> <a href="/wiki/Film_genre" title="Film genre">genres</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By style</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_film" title="Action film">Action</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heroic_bloodshed" title="Heroic bloodshed">Heroic bloodshed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_action_cinema" title="Hong Kong action cinema">Hong Kong action</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_film" title="Adventure film">Adventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_film" title="Art film">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biographical_film" title="Biographical film">Biographical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_film_industry" title="Christian film industry">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_film" title="Comedy film">Comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_comedy" title="Action comedy">Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_comedy" title="Black comedy">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_all%27italiana" title="Commedia all'italiana">Commedia all'italiana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Sexy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_drama" title="Comedy drama">Dramedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gross_out" title="Gross out">Gross out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_horror" title="Comedy horror">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parody_film" title="Parody film">Parody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mo_lei_tau" title="Mo lei tau">Mo lei tau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thriller_(genre)" title="Thriller (genre)">Thriller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_remarriage" title="Comedy of remarriage">Remarriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_comedy" title="Romantic comedy">Romantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_comedy" title="Sex comedy">Sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screwball_comedy" title="Screwball comedy">Screwball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_comedy" title="Silent comedy">Silent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slapstick_film" title="Slapstick film">Slapstick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberpunk" title="Cyberpunk">Cyberpunk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cyberpunk" title="Japanese cyberpunk">Japanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Documentary_film" title="Documentary film">Documentary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animated_documentary" title="Animated documentary">Animated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_symphony" title="City symphony">City symphony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docudrama" title="Docudrama">Docudrama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">Mockumentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondo_film" title="Mondo film">Mondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudo-documentary" title="Pseudo-documentary">Pseudo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semidocumentary" title="Semidocumentary">Semi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_documentary" title="Travel documentary">Travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_essay" title="Video essay">Video essay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drama_(film_and_television)" title="Drama (film and television)">Drama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calligrafismo" title="Calligrafismo">Calligrafismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_drama" title="Comedy drama">Dramedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_drama" title="Historical drama">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_drama" title="Legal drama">Legal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melodrama" title="Melodrama">Melodrama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_melodrama" title="Korean melodrama">Korean</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_in_film" title="Sex in film">Erotic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Commedia sexy all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink_film" title="Pink film">Pink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexploitation_film" title="Sexploitation film">Sexploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_thriller" title="Erotic thriller">Thriller</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Educational_film" title="Educational film">Educational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_guidance_film" title="Social guidance film">Social guidance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic_film" title="Epic film">Epic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_film" title="Experimental film">Experimental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">Exploitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Exploitation_film" title="Template:Exploitation film">see <i>Exploitation film template</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_film" title="Fantasy film">Fantasy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_comedy" title="Fantasy comedy">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_fantasy" title="Contemporary fantasy">Contemporary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_fantasy" title="High fantasy">High</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_fantasy" title="Historical fantasy">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_realism" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic realism">Magic realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fantasy" title="Science fantasy">Science</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_noir" title="Film noir">Film noir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-noir" title="Neo-noir">Neo-noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulp_noir" title="Pulp noir">Pulp noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tech_noir" title="Tech noir">Tech noir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_film" title="Gothic film">Gothic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Gothic" title="Southern Gothic">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic science fiction">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suburban_Gothic" title="Suburban Gothic">Suburban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Gothic" title="Urban Gothic">Urban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_film" title="Horror film">Horror</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_horror" title="Art horror">Arthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_body_horror_media" title="List of body horror media">Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_horror_film" title="Chinese horror film">Chinese horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_horror" title="Christmas horror">Christmas horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_horror" title="Comedy horror">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_eco-horror_films" title="List of eco-horror films">Eco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_footage_(film_technique)" title="Found footage (film technique)">Found footage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_underground_horror" title="German underground horror">German underground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ghost_films" title="List of ghost films">Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_giallo_films" title="List of giallo films">List of films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_holiday_horror_films" title="List of holiday horror films">Holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_horror" title="Japanese horror">Japanese horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_horror" title="Korean horror">Korean horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovecraftian_horror" title="Lovecraftian horror">Lovecraftian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_horror_films" title="List of natural horror films">Natural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_in_horror_films" title="Gender in horror films">Psycho-biddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_horror" title="Psychological horror">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_horror_films" title="List of science fiction horror films">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slasher_film" title="Slasher film">Slasher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splatter_film" title="Splatter film">Splatter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satanic_film" title="Satanic film">Satanic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximalist_film" title="Maximalist film">Maximalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimalist_film" title="Minimalist film">Minimalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumblecore" title="Mumblecore">Mumblecore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_film" title="Musical film">Musical</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthouse_musical" title="Arthouse musical">Arthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backstage_musical" title="Backstage musical">Backstage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukebox_musical" title="Jukebox musical">Jukebox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musicarello" title="Musicarello">Musicarello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operetta_film" title="Operetta film">Operetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceneggiata" title="Sceneggiata">Sceneggiata</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystery_film" title="Mystery film">Mystery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detective_fiction" title="Detective fiction">Detective</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Occult_detective_fiction" title="Occult detective fiction">Occult detective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whodunit" title="Whodunit">Whodunit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossover_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Crossover fiction">Crossover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornographic_film" title="Pornographic film">Pornographic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_pornography" title="Hardcore pornography">Hardcore pornography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Softcore_pornography" title="Softcore pornography">Softcore pornography</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Malayalam_softcore_pornography" title="Malayalam softcore pornography">Malayalam</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_film" title="Propaganda film">Propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reality_film" title="Reality film">Reality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_film" title="Romance film">Romantic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_comedy" title="Romantic comedy">Comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bromantic_comedy" title="Bromantic comedy">Bromantic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_fantasy" title="Romantic fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranormal_romance" title="Paranormal romance">Paranormal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_thriller" title="Romantic thriller">Thriller</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_film" title="Science fiction film">Science fiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthouse_science_fiction_film" title="Arthouse science fiction film">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_comedy" title="Science fiction comedy">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fantasy" title="Science fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic science fiction">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_horror_films" title="List of science fiction horror films">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_science_fiction" title="Military science fiction">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Wave_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="New Wave science fiction">New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_opera" title="Space opera">Space opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steampunk" title="Steampunk">Steampunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokusatsu" title="Tokusatsu">Tokusatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Western" title="Space Western">Western</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slice_of_life" title="Slice of life">Slice of life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cinema" title="Slow cinema">Slow cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survival_film" title="Survival film">Survival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thriller_film" title="Thriller film">Thriller</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_thriller" title="Comedy thriller">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_thriller" title="Erotic thriller">Erotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_thriller" title="Financial thriller">Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_thriller" title="Legal thriller">Legal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_thriller" title="Political thriller">Political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_thriller" title="Psychological thriller">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_thriller" title="Romantic thriller">Romantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techno-thriller" title="Techno-thriller">Techno</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transgressive_art" title="Transgressive art">Transgressive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Transgression" title="Cinema of Transgression">Cinema of Transgression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_cinema" title="Extreme cinema">Extreme cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trick_film" title="Trick film">Trick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By theme</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_about_animals" title="List of films about animals">Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beach_party_film" title="Beach party film">Beach party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_swap" title="Body swap">Body swap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_film" title="Buddy film">Buddy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_cop" title="Buddy cop">Buddy cop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_buddy_film" title="Female buddy film">Female</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicano_films" title="List of Chicano films">Chicano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_cinema" title="Colonial cinema">Colonial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coming-of-age_story" title="Coming-of-age story">Coming-of-age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concert_film" title="Concert film">Concert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_film" title="Crime film">Crime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detective_fiction" title="Detective fiction">Detective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangster_film" title="Gangster film">Gangster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentleman_thief" title="Gentleman thief">Gentleman thief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gokud%C5%8D" title="Gokudō">Gokudō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gong%27an_fiction" title="Gong'an fiction">Gong'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heist_film" title="Heist film">Heist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heroic_bloodshed" title="Heroic bloodshed">Heroic bloodshed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hood_film" title="Hood film">Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafia_film" title="Mafia film">Mafia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafia_comedy_film" title="Mafia comedy film">Mafia comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumbai_underworld_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Mumbai underworld film">Mumbai underworld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poliziotteschi" title="Poliziotteschi">Poliziotteschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakuza_film" title="Yakuza film">Yakuza</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_film" title="Dance in film">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disaster_film" title="Disaster film">Disaster</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_apocalyptic_films" title="List of apocalyptic films">Apocalyptic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_drug_films" title="List of drug films">Drug</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_film" title="Psychedelic film">Psychedelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoner_film" title="Stoner film">Stoner</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dystopian_films" title="List of dystopian films">Dystopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecchi" title="Ecchi">Ecchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economics_film" title="Economics film">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnographic_film" title="Ethnographic film">Ethnographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">Exploitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blaxploitation" title="Blaxploitation">Blaxploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexploitation" title="Mexploitation">Mexploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turksploitation" title="Turksploitation">Turksploitation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_extraterrestrials" title="List of films featuring extraterrestrials">Extraterrestrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_about_food_and_drink" title="List of films about food and drink">Food and drink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gendai-geki" title="Gendai-geki">Gendai-geki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ghost_films" title="List of ghost films">Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goona-goona_epic" title="Goona-goona epic">Goona-goona epic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_film" title="Gothic film">Gothic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic science fiction">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suburban_Gothic" title="Suburban Gothic">Suburban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girls_with_guns" title="Girls with guns">Girls with guns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harem_(genre)" title="Harem (genre)">Harem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hentai" title="Hentai">Hentai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lolicon" title="Lolicon">Lolicon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shotacon" title="Shotacon">Shotacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tentacle_erotica" title="Tentacle erotica">Tentacle erotica</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimatfilm" title="Heimatfilm">Homeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isekai" title="Isekai">Isekai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jidaigeki" title="Jidaigeki">Jidaigeki</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samurai_cinema" title="Samurai cinema">Samurai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentleman_thief" title="Gentleman thief">Kaitō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_LGBTQ-related_films" title="List of LGBTQ-related films">LGBTQ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yaoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yaoi">Yaoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuri_(genre)" title="Yuri (genre)">Yuri</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luchador_films" title="Luchador films">Luchador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magical_girl" title="Magical girl">Magical girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_arts_film" title="Martial arts film">Martial arts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruceploitation" title="Bruceploitation">Bruceploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chopsocky" title="Chopsocky">Chopsocky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_fu" title="Gun fu">Gun fu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kung_fu_film" title="Kung fu film">Kung fu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ninja_films" title="List of ninja films">Ninja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuxia" title="Wuxia">Wuxia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha">Mecha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mecha_anime_and_manga" title="Mecha anime and manga">Anime</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monster_movie" title="Monster movie">Monster</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_giant_monsters" title="List of films featuring giant monsters">Giant monster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiju" title="Kaiju">Kaiju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mummy_films" title="List of mummy films">Mummy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vampire_film" title="Vampire film">Vampire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_zombie_films" title="List of zombie films">Zombie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zombie_comedy" title="Zombie comedy">Zombie comedy</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_film" title="Mountain film">Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_da_Boca_do_Lixo" title="Cinema da Boca do Lixo">Mouth of Garbage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_social" title="Muslim social">Muslim social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nature_documentary" title="Nature documentary">Nature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_environmental_films" title="List of environmental films">Environmental issues</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera_film" title="Opera film">Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outlaw_biker_film" title="Outlaw biker film">Outlaw biker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozploitation" title="Ozploitation">Ozploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partisan_film" title="Partisan film">Partisan film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prison_film" title="Prison film">Prison</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_prison_film" title="Women in prison film">Women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_film" title="Race film">Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_and_revenge_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Rape and revenge film">Rape and revenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_movie" title="Road movie">Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%BCmmerfilm" title="Trümmerfilm">Rubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumberas_film" title="Rumberas film">Rumberas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexploitation_film" title="Sexploitation film">Sexploitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_porn" title="Bavarian porn">Bavarian porn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Commedia sexy all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_sex_comedy" title="Mexican sex comedy">Mexican sex comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_exploitation" title="Nazi exploitation">Nazi exploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornochanchada" title="Pornochanchada">Pornochanchada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunsploitation" title="Nunsploitation">Nunsploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_report_film" title="Sex report film">Sex report</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshimin-eiga" title="Shoshimin-eiga">Shoshimin-eiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_slavery" title="List of films featuring slavery">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slice_of_life" title="Slice of life">Slice of life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snuff_film" title="Snuff film">Snuff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Seas_genre" title="South Seas genre">South Seas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_film" title="Sports film">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spy_film" title="Spy film">Spy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurospy_film" title="Eurospy film">Eurospy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superhero_film" title="Superhero film">Superhero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surf_film" title="Surf film">Surfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swashbuckler_film" title="Swashbuckler film">Swashbuckler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword_and_sorcery" title="Sword and sorcery">Sword and sorcery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_documentary" title="Travel documentary">Travel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imaginary_voyage" title="Imaginary voyage">imaginary voyage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trial_film" title="Trial film">Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigilante_film" title="Vigilante film">Vigilante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_film" title="War film">War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_anti-war_films" title="List of anti-war films">Anti-war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_War" title="Euro War">Euro War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_films" title="Submarine films">Submarine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_film" title="Western film">Western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acid_Western" title="Acid Western">Acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Western" title="Contemporary Western">Contemporary Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacoit_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Dacoit Western">Dacoit Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Fantasy Western">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_Western" title="Florida Western">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_Western" title="Horror Western">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Western" title="Australian Western">Meat pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_(genre)" title="Northern (genre)">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostern" title="Ostern">Ostern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revisionist_Western" title="Revisionist Western">Revisionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_Western" title="Science fiction Western">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singing_cowboy" title="Singing cowboy">Singing cowboy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Western" title="Space Western">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western" title="Spaghetti Western">Spaghetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weird_West" title="Weird West">Weird Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapata_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Zapata Western">Zapata Western</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By movement <br /> or period</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Absolute_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Absolute film">Absolute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_eccentric_cinema" title="American eccentric cinema">American eccentric cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Objectivity_(filmmaking)" title="New Objectivity (filmmaking)">New Objectivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_New_Wave" title="Australian New Wave">Australian New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auteur" title="Auteur">Auteur films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_School_(filmmaking)" title="Berlin School (filmmaking)">Berlin School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourekas_film" title="Bourekas film">Bourekas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton_School_(filmmaking)" title="Brighton School (filmmaking)">Brighton School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_New_Wave" title="British New Wave">British New Wave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_sink_realism" title="Kitchen sink realism">Kitchen sink realism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_school" title="Budapest school">Budapest school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calligrafismo" title="Calligrafismo">Calligrafismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal boom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma_du_look" title="Cinéma du look">Cinéma du look</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_Novo" title="Cinema Novo">Cinema Novo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Transgression" title="Cinema of Transgression">Cinema of Transgression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma_pur" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinéma pur">Cinéma pur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_all%27italiana" title="Commedia all'italiana">Commedia all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_New_Wave" title="Czechoslovak New Wave">Czechoslovak New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Documentary_Film_Movement" title="Documentary Film Movement">Documentary Film Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogme_95" title="Dogme 95">Dogme 95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erra_Cinema" class="mw-redirect" title="Erra Cinema">Erra Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_art_cinema" title="European art cinema">European art cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_d%27art" title="Film d'art">Film d'art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_gris" title="Film gris">Film gris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Cinema" title="Free Cinema">Free Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_New_Wave" title="French New Wave">French New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_expressionist_cinema" title="German expressionist cinema">German Expressionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_underground_horror" title="German underground horror">German underground horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Nigerian_Cinema" title="Golden Age of Nigerian Cinema">Nigerian Golden Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grupo_Cine_Liberaci%C3%B3n" title="Grupo Cine Liberación">Grupo Cine Liberación</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimatfilm" title="Heimatfilm">Heimatfilm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_on_the_Tiber" title="Hollywood on the Tiber">Hollywood on the Tiber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_New_Wave" title="Hong Kong New Wave">Hong Kong New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiewood" title="Indiewood">Indiewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_New_Wave" title="Iranian New Wave">Iranian New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_futurism_in_cinema" title="Italian futurism in cinema">Italian futurist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_neorealism" title="Italian neorealism">Italian neorealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_New_Wave" title="Japanese New Wave">Japanese New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kammerspielfilm" title="Kammerspielfilm">Kammerspielfilm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L.A._Rebellion" title="L.A. Rebellion">L.A. Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lettrism" title="Lettrism">Lettrist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernist_film" title="Modernist film">Modernist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumblecore" title="Mumblecore">Mumblecore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neorealism_(art)" title="Neorealism (art)">Neorealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_German_Cinema" title="New German Cinema">New German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_generation_(Malayalam_film_movement)" title="New generation (Malayalam film movement)">New generation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hollywood" title="New Hollywood">New Hollywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Nigerian_Cinema" title="New Nigerian Cinema">New Nollywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_queer_cinema" title="New queer cinema">New Queer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_Wave_Cinema" class="mw-redirect" title="No Wave Cinema">No wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Cine_Mexicano" title="Nuevo Cine Mexicano">Nuevo Cine Mexicano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Indian_film" title="Pan-Indian film">Pan-Indian film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_cinema" title="Parallel cinema">Parallel cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filmfarsi" title="Filmfarsi">Persian Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetic_realism" title="Poetic realism">Poetic realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Film_School" title="Polish Film School">Polish Film School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poliziotteschi" title="Poliziotteschi">Poliziotteschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Prague_film_school" title="The Prague film school">The Prague film school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prussian_film" title="Prussian film">Prussian film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pure_Film_Movement" title="Pure Film Movement">Pure Film Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remodernist_film" title="Remodernist film">Remodernist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_New_Wave" title="Romanian New Wave">Romanian New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cinema" title="Slow cinema">Slow cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western" title="Spaghetti Western">Spaghetti Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_realism" title="Socialist realism">Socialist realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_realism" title="Social realism">Social realist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_sink_realism" title="Kitchen sink realism">Kitchen sink realism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_parallel_cinema" title="Soviet parallel cinema">Soviet parallel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structural_film" title="Structural film">Structural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrealist_cinema" title="Surrealist cinema">Surrealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telefoni_Bianchi" title="Telefoni Bianchi">Telefoni Bianchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Cinema" title="Third Cinema">Third Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_New_Wave" title="Toronto New Wave">Toronto New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgar_auteurism" title="Vulgar auteurism">Vulgar auteurism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Black_Wave" title="Yugoslav Black Wave">Yugoslav Black Wave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By demographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pornographic_film" title="Pornographic film">Adult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_film" title="Black film">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_film" title="Children's film">Children and family</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_anime_and_manga" title="Children's anime and manga">Anime</a></li></ul></li> <li>Men <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seinen_manga" title="Seinen manga">Seinen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stag_film" title="Stag film">Stag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teen_film" title="Teen film">Teen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dnen_manga" title="Shōnen manga">Shōnen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Djo_manga" title="Shōjo manga">Shōjo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woman%27s_film" title="Woman's film">Women</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chick_flick" title="Chick flick">Chick flick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josei_manga" title="Josei manga">Josei</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By format,<br /> technique,<br /> approach,<br /> or production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3D_film" title="3D film">3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actuality_film" title="Actuality film">Actuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animation" title="Animation">Animation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anime" title="Anime">Anime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthouse_animation" title="Arthouse animation">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animated_cartoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Animated cartoon">Cartoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_animation" title="Computer animation">Computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stop_motion" title="Stop motion">Stop-motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_animation" title="Traditional animation">Traditional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthology_film" title="Anthology film">Anthology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_film" title="Art film">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B_movie" title="B movie">B movie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behind-the-scenes" title="Behind-the-scenes">Behind-the-scenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-and-white" title="Black-and-white">Black-and-white</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockbuster_(entertainment)" title="Blockbuster (entertainment)">Blockbuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma_v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9" title="Cinéma vérité">Cinéma vérité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Hollywood_cinema" title="Classical Hollywood cinema">Classical Hollywood cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collage_film" title="Collage film">Collage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_motion_picture_film" title="Color motion picture film">Color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compilation_film" title="Compilation film">Compilation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Composite_film" title="Composite film">Composite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screenlife" title="Screenlife">Computer screen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cult_film" title="Cult film">Cult</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Midnight_movie" title="Midnight movie">midnight movie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Database_cinema" title="Database cinema">Database cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docufiction" title="Docufiction">Docufiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnofiction" title="Ethnofiction">Ethnofiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_film" title="Experimental film">Experimental</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abstract_animation" class="mw-redirect" title="Abstract animation">Abstract</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feature_film" title="Feature film">Feature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Featurette" title="Featurette">Featurette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_%C3%A0_clef" title="Film à clef">Film à clef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film-poem" title="Film-poem">Film-poem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_footage_(film_technique)" title="Found footage (film technique)">Found footage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperlink_cinema" title="Hyperlink cinema">Hyperlink cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_film" title="Independent film">Independent</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_filmmaking" title="Guerrilla filmmaking">Guerrilla filmmaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_independent_films" title="List of American independent films">List of American independent films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstitial_art" title="Interstitial art">Interstitial art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_action" title="Live action">Live action</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_with_live_action_and_animation" title="List of films with live action and animation">animation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low-budget_film" title="Low-budget film">Low-budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_film_studios" title="Major film studios">Major film studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masala_film" title="Masala film">Masala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximalist_film" title="Maximalist film">Maximalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Message_picture" title="Message picture">Message picture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metacinema" title="Metacinema">Meta-film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimalist_film" title="Minimalist film">Minimalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockbuster" title="Mockbuster">Mockbuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernist_film" title="Modernist film">Modernist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_short" title="Musical short">Musical short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythopoeia" title="Mythopoeia">Mythopoeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neorealism_(art)" title="Neorealism (art)">Neorealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No-budget_film" title="No-budget film">No-budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-shot_film" title="One-shot film">One-shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paracinema" title="Paracinema">Paracinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Participatory_cinema" title="Participatory cinema">Participatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetry_film" title="Poetry film">Poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmodernist_film" title="Postmodernist film">Postmodernist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverse_motion" title="Reverse motion">Reverse motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satire_(film_and_television)" title="Satire (film and television)">Satire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceneggiata" title="Sceneggiata">Sceneggiata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semidocumentary" title="Semidocumentary">Semidocumentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_film" title="Serial film">Serial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinpa" title="Shinpa">Shinpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_film" title="Short film">Short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_film" title="Silent film">Silent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cinema" title="Slow cinema">Slow cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_realism" title="Socialist realism">Socialist realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_film" title="Sound film">Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underground_film" title="Underground film">Underground</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Video nasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgar_auteurism" title="Vulgar auteurism">Vulgar auteurism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z_movie" title="Z movie">Z movie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" 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