CINXE.COM

Story Topic Currently Trending On The Japan Times - The Japan Times

<!DOCTYPE html> <html itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/WebPage" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <head> <title> Story Topic Currently Trending On The Japan Times - The Japan Times </title> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/theme_japantimes/images/favicon.ico"/> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="ROBOTS" content="index,follow"> <meta name="language" content="en"> <meta name="copyright" content="The Japan Times"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1"> <meta name="robots" content="noarchive"> <meta name="description" content="Story topic currently trending on The Japan Times" /> <meta name="keywords" content="news, Japan, World" /> <meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=0' > <meta property="og:title" content="Story topic currently trending on The Japan Times"/> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Story topic currently trending on The Japan Times" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/trending/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="The Japan Times "/> <meta property="og:updated_time" content="2024-11-29T18:11:48+09:00"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png" /> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1285"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="857"> <meta property="og:image:alt" content="The Japan Times"> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Story topic currently trending on The Japan Times"> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Story topic currently trending on The Japan Times"> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@japantimes"> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@japantimes"> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png"> <meta name="DC.title" lang="en" content="Story topic currently trending on The Japan Times" /> <meta name="DC.description" lang="en" content="Story topic currently trending on The Japan Times"/> <meta name="DC.date" content="2024-11-29" /> <meta name="DC.date.issued" content="2024-11-29" /> <meta name="DC.creator" content="The Japan Times" /> <meta name="DC.publisher" content="The Japan Times" /> <meta name="DC.language" content="en" /> <link href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/trending" rel="canonical" /> <script async id="ebx" src="//applets.ebxcdn.com/ebx.js" data-applet-id="tscqcttc"></script> <script type='application/ld+json'> { "keywords": "[news, Japan, World]", "headline": "Story topic currently trending on The Japan Times", "description": "Story topic currently trending on The Japan Times", "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Website", "inLanguage":"en", "url": "https://www.japantimes.co.jp/trending", "sameAs": ["https://twitter.com/japantimes","https://www.facebook.com/thejapantimes","https://www.instagram.com/thejapantimes/?hl=en","https://www.linkedin.com/company/the-japan-times"], "@id": "https://www.japantimes.co.jp/#organization", "name": "The Japan Times", "logo": "https://www.japantimes.co.jp/theme_japantimes/images/logo.svg" } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-KR282M'); </script> <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-PFG2Q35R7H"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag() {dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); setTimeout("gtag('event', '15_sec_read', {'Read':'15 sec'})",15000 ); setTimeout("gtag('event', '30_sec_read', {'Read':'30 sec'})",30000 ); gtag('config', 'G-PFG2Q35R7H'); </script> <script> var is_mobile = /*! jQuery v3.5.1 | (c) JS Foundation and other contributors | jquery.org/license */ !function(e,t){"object"==typeof module&&"object"==typeof module.exports?module.exports=e.document?t(e,!0):function(e){if(!e.document){throw new Error("jQuery requires a window with a document")}return t(e)}:t(e)}("undefined"!=typeof window?window:this,function(C,e){var t=[],r=Object.getPrototypeOf,s=t.slice,g=t.flat?function(e){return t.flat.call(e)}:function(e){return t.concat.apply([],e)},u=t.push,i=t.indexOf,n={},o=n.toString,v=n.hasOwnProperty,a=v.toString,l=a.call(Object),y={},m=function(e){return"function"==typeof e&&"number"!=typeof e.nodeType},x=function(e){return null!=e&&e===e.window},E=C.document,c={type:!0,src:!0,nonce:!0,noModule:!0};function b(e,t,n){var r,i,o=(n=n||E).createElement("script");if(o.text=e,t){for(r in c){(i=t[r]||t.getAttribute&&t.getAttribute(r))&&o.setAttribute(r,i)}}n.head.appendChild(o).parentNode.removeChild(o)}function w(e){return null==e?e+"":"object"==typeof e||"function"==typeof e?n[o.call(e)]||"object":typeof e}var f="3.5.1",S=function(e,t){return new S.fn.init(e,t)};function p(e){var t=!!e&&"length" in e&&e.length,n=w(e);return !m(e)&&!x(e)&&("array"===n||0===t||"number"==typeof t&&0<t&&t-1 in e)}S.fn=S.prototype={jquery:f,constructor:S,length:0,toArray:function(){return s.call(this)},get:function(e){return null==e?s.call(this):e<0?this[e+this.length]:this[e]},pushStack:function(e){var t=S.merge(this.constructor(),e);return t.prevObject=this,t},each:function(e){return S.each(this,e)},map:function(n){return this.pushStack(S.map(this,function(e,t){return n.call(e,t,e)}))},slice:function(){return this.pushStack(s.apply(this,arguments))},first:function(){return this.eq(0)},last:function(){return this.eq(-1)},even:function(){return this.pushStack(S.grep(this,function(e,t){return(t+1)%2}))},odd:function(){return this.pushStack(S.grep(this,function(e,t){return t%2}))},eq:function(e){var t=this.length,n=+e+(e<0?t:0);return this.pushStack(0<=n&&n<t?[this[n]]:[])},end:function(){return this.prevObject||this.constructor()},push:u,sort:t.sort,splice:t.splice},S.extend=S.fn.extend=function(){var e,t,n,r,i,o,a=arguments[0]||{},s=1,u=arguments.length,l=!1;for("boolean"==typeof a&&(l=a,a=arguments[s]||{},s++),"object"==typeof a||m(a)||(a={}),s===u&&(a=this,s--);s<u;s++){if(null!=(e=arguments[s])){for(t in e){r=e[t],"__proto__"!==t&&a!==r&&(l&&r&&(S.isPlainObject(r)||(i=Array.isArray(r)))?(n=a[t],o=i&&!Array.isArray(n)?[]:i||S.isPlainObject(n)?n:{},i=!1,a[t]=S.extend(l,o,r)):void 0!==r&&(a[t]=r))}}}return a},S.extend({expando:"jQuery"+(f+Math.random()).replace(/\D/g,""),isReady:!0,error:function(e){throw new Error(e)},noop:function(){},isPlainObject:function(e){var t,n;return !(!e||"[object Object]"!==o.call(e))&&(!(t=r(e))||"function"==typeof(n=v.call(t,"constructor")&&t.constructor)&&a.call(n)===l)},isEmptyObject:function(e){var t;for(t in e){return !1}return !0},globalEval:function(e,t,n){b(e,{nonce:t&&t.nonce},n)},each:function(e,t){var n,r=0;if(p(e)){for(n=e.length;r<n;r++){if(!1===t.call(e[r],r,e[r])){break}}}else{for(r in e){if(!1===t.call(e[r],r,e[r])){break}}}return e},makeArray:function(e,t){var n=t||[];return null!=e&&(p(Object(e))?S.merge(n,"string"==typeof e?[e]:e):u.call(n,e)),n},inArray:function(e,t,n){return null==t?-1:i.call(t,e,n)},merge:function(e,t){for(var n=+t.length,r=0,i=e.length;r<n;r++){e[i++]=t[r]}return e.length=i,e},grep:function(e,t,n){for(var r=[],i=0,o=e.length,a=!n;i<o;i++){!t(e[i],i)!==a&&r.push(e[i])}return r},map:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o=0,a=[];if(p(e)){for(r=e.length;o<r;o++){null!=(i=t(e[o],o,n))&&a.push(i)}}else{for(o in e){null!=(i=t(e[o],o,n))&&a.push(i)}}return g(a)},guid:1,support:y}),"function"==typeof Symbol&&(S.fn[Symbol.iterator]=t[Symbol.iterator]),S.each("Boolean Number String Function Array Date RegExp Object Error Symbol".split(" "),function(e,t){n["[object "+t+"]"]=t.toLowerCase()});var d=function(n){var e,d,b,o,i,h,f,g,w,u,l,T,C,a,E,v,s,c,y,S="sizzle"+1*new Date,p=n.document,k=0,r=0,m=ue(),x=ue(),A=ue(),N=ue(),D=function(e,t){return e===t&&(l=!0),0},j={}.hasOwnProperty,t=[],q=t.pop,L=t.push,H=t.push,O=t.slice,P=function(e,t){for(var n=0,r=e.length;n<r;n++){if(e[n]===t){return n}}return -1},R="checked|selected|async|autofocus|autoplay|controls|defer|disabled|hidden|ismap|loop|multiple|open|readonly|required|scoped",M="[\\x20\\t\\r\\n\\f]",I="(?:\\\\[\\da-fA-F]{1,6}"+M+"?|\\\\[^\\r\\n\\f]|[\\w-]|[^\0-\\x7f])+",W="\\["+M+"*("+I+")(?:"+M+"*([*^$|!~]?=)"+M+"*(?:'((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\'])*)'|\"((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\\"])*)\"|("+I+"))|)"+M+"*\\]",F=":("+I+")(?:\\((('((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\'])*)'|\"((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\\"])*)\")|((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\()[\\]]|"+W+")*)|.*)\\)|)",B=new RegExp(M+"+","g"),$=new RegExp("^"+M+"+|((?:^|[^\\\\])(?:\\\\.)*)"+M+"+$","g"),_=new RegExp("^"+M+"*,"+M+"*"),z=new RegExp("^"+M+"*([>+~]|"+M+")"+M+"*"),U=new RegExp(M+"|>"),X=new RegExp(F),V=new RegExp("^"+I+"$"),G={ID:new RegExp("^#("+I+")"),CLASS:new RegExp("^\\.("+I+")"),TAG:new RegExp("^("+I+"|[*])"),ATTR:new RegExp("^"+W),PSEUDO:new RegExp("^"+F),CHILD:new RegExp("^:(only|first|last|nth|nth-last)-(child|of-type)(?:\\("+M+"*(even|odd|(([+-]|)(\\d*)n|)"+M+"*(?:([+-]|)"+M+"*(\\d+)|))"+M+"*\\)|)","i"),bool:new RegExp("^(?:"+R+")$","i"),needsContext:new RegExp("^"+M+"*[>+~]|:(even|odd|eq|gt|lt|nth|first|last)(?:\\("+M+"*((?:-\\d)?\\d*)"+M+"*\\)|)(?=[^-]|$)","i")},Y=/HTML$/i,Q=/^(?:input|select|textarea|button)$/i,J=/^h\d$/i,K=/^[^{]+\{\s*\[native \w/,Z=/^(?:#([\w-]+)|(\w+)|\.([\w-]+))$/,ee=/[+~]/,te=new RegExp("\\\\[\\da-fA-F]{1,6}"+M+"?|\\\\([^\\r\\n\\f])","g"),ne=function(e,t){var n="0x"+e.slice(1)-65536;return t||(n<0?String.fromCharCode(n+65536):String.fromCharCode(n>>10|55296,1023&n|56320))},re=/([\0-\x1f\x7f]|^-?\d)|^-$|[^\0-\x1f\x7f-\uFFFF\w-]/g,ie=function(e,t){return t?"\0"===e?"\ufffd":e.slice(0,-1)+"\\"+e.charCodeAt(e.length-1).toString(16)+" ":"\\"+e},oe=function(){T()},ae=be(function(e){return !0===e.disabled&&"fieldset"===e.nodeName.toLowerCase()},{dir:"parentNode",next:"legend"});try{H.apply(t=O.call(p.childNodes),p.childNodes),t[p.childNodes.length].nodeType}catch(e){H={apply:t.length?function(e,t){L.apply(e,O.call(t))}:function(e,t){var n=e.length,r=0;while(e[n++]=t[r++]){}e.length=n-1}}}function se(t,e,n,r){var i,o,a,s,u,l,c,f=e&&e.ownerDocument,p=e?e.nodeType:9;if(n=n||[],"string"!=typeof t||!t||1!==p&&9!==p&&11!==p){return n}if(!r&&(T(e),e=e||C,E)){if(11!==p&&(u=Z.exec(t))){if(i=u[1]){if(9===p){if(!(a=e.getElementById(i))){return n}if(a.id===i){return n.push(a),n}}else{if(f&&(a=f.getElementById(i))&&y(e,a)&&a.id===i){return n.push(a),n}}}else{if(u[2]){return H.apply(n,e.getElementsByTagName(t)),n}if((i=u[3])&&d.getElementsByClassName&&e.getElementsByClassName){return H.apply(n,e.getElementsByClassName(i)),n}}}if(d.qsa&&!N[t+" "]&&(!v||!v.test(t))&&(1!==p||"object"!==e.nodeName.toLowerCase())){if(c=t,f=e,1===p&&(U.test(t)||z.test(t))){(f=ee.test(t)&&ye(e.parentNode)||e)===e&&d.scope||((s=e.getAttribute("id"))?s=s.replace(re,ie):e.setAttribute("id",s=S)),o=(l=h(t)).length;while(o--){l[o]=(s?"#"+s:":scope")+" "+xe(l[o])}c=l.join(",")}try{return H.apply(n,f.querySelectorAll(c)),n}catch(e){N(t,!0)}finally{s===S&&e.removeAttribute("id")}}}return g(t.replace($,"$1"),e,n,r)}function ue(){var r=[];return function e(t,n){return r.push(t+" ")>b.cacheLength&&delete e[r.shift()],e[t+" "]=n}}function le(e){return e[S]=!0,e}function ce(e){var t=C.createElement("fieldset");try{return !!e(t)}catch(e){return !1}finally{t.parentNode&&t.parentNode.removeChild(t),t=null}}function fe(e,t){var n=e.split("|"),r=n.length;while(r--){b.attrHandle[n[r]]=t}}function pe(e,t){var n=t&&e,r=n&&1===e.nodeType&&1===t.nodeType&&e.sourceIndex-t.sourceIndex;if(r){return r}if(n){while(n=n.nextSibling){if(n===t){return -1}}}return e?1:-1}function de(t){return function(e){return"input"===e.nodeName.toLowerCase()&&e.type===t}}function he(n){return function(e){var t=e.nodeName.toLowerCase();return("input"===t||"button"===t)&&e.type===n}}function ge(t){return function(e){return"form" in e?e.parentNode&&!1===e.disabled?"label" in e?"label" in e.parentNode?e.parentNode.disabled===t:e.disabled===t:e.isDisabled===t||e.isDisabled!==!t&&ae(e)===t:e.disabled===t:"label" in e&&e.disabled===t}}function ve(a){return le(function(o){return o=+o,le(function(e,t){var n,r=a([],e.length,o),i=r.length;while(i--){e[n=r[i]]&&(e[n]=!(t[n]=e[n]))}})})}function ye(e){return e&&"undefined"!=typeof e.getElementsByTagName&&e}for(e in d=se.support={},i=se.isXML=function(e){var t=e.namespaceURI,n=(e.ownerDocument||e).documentElement;return !Y.test(t||n&&n.nodeName||"HTML")},T=se.setDocument=function(e){var t,n,r=e?e.ownerDocument||e:p;return r!=C&&9===r.nodeType&&r.documentElement&&(a=(C=r).documentElement,E=!i(C),p!=C&&(n=C.defaultView)&&n.top!==n&&(n.addEventListener?n.addEventListener("unload",oe,!1):n.attachEvent&&n.attachEvent("onunload",oe)),d.scope=ce(function(e){return a.appendChild(e).appendChild(C.createElement("div")),"undefined"!=typeof e.querySelectorAll&&!e.querySelectorAll(":scope fieldset div").length}),d.attributes=ce(function(e){return e.className="i",!e.getAttribute("className")}),d.getElementsByTagName=ce(function(e){return e.appendChild(C.createComment("")),!e.getElementsByTagName("*").length}),d.getElementsByClassName=K.test(C.getElementsByClassName),d.getById=ce(function(e){return a.appendChild(e).id=S,!C.getElementsByName||!C.getElementsByName(S).length}),d.getById?(b.filter.ID=function(e){var t=e.replace(te,ne);return function(e){return e.getAttribute("id")===t}},b.find.ID=function(e,t){if("undefined"!=typeof t.getElementById&&E){var n=t.getElementById(e);return n?[n]:[]}}):(b.filter.ID=function(e){var n=e.replace(te,ne);return function(e){var t="undefined"!=typeof e.getAttributeNode&&e.getAttributeNode("id");return t&&t.value===n}},b.find.ID=function(e,t){if("undefined"!=typeof t.getElementById&&E){var n,r,i,o=t.getElementById(e);if(o){if((n=o.getAttributeNode("id"))&&n.value===e){return[o]}i=t.getElementsByName(e),r=0;while(o=i[r++]){if((n=o.getAttributeNode("id"))&&n.value===e){return[o]}}}return[]}}),b.find.TAG=d.getElementsByTagName?function(e,t){return"undefined"!=typeof t.getElementsByTagName?t.getElementsByTagName(e):d.qsa?t.querySelectorAll(e):void 0}:function(e,t){var n,r=[],i=0,o=t.getElementsByTagName(e);if("*"===e){while(n=o[i++]){1===n.nodeType&&r.push(n)}return r}return o},b.find.CLASS=d.getElementsByClassName&&function(e,t){if("undefined"!=typeof t.getElementsByClassName&&E){return t.getElementsByClassName(e)}},s=[],v=[],(d.qsa=K.test(C.querySelectorAll))&&(ce(function(e){var t;a.appendChild(e).innerHTML="<a id='"+S+"'></a><select id='"+S+"-\r\\' msallowcapture=''><option selected=''></option></select>",e.querySelectorAll("[msallowcapture^='']").length&&v.push("[*^$]="+M+"*(?:''|\"\")"),e.querySelectorAll("[selected]").length||v.push("\\["+M+"*(?:value|"+R+")"),e.querySelectorAll("[id~="+S+"-]").length||v.push("~="),(t=C.createElement("input")).setAttribute("name",""),e.appendChild(t),e.querySelectorAll("[name='']").length||v.push("\\["+M+"*name"+M+"*="+M+"*(?:''|\"\")"),e.querySelectorAll(":checked").length||v.push(":checked"),e.querySelectorAll("a#"+S+"+*").length||v.push(".#.+[+~]"),e.querySelectorAll("\\\f"),v.push("[\\r\\n\\f]")}),ce(function(e){e.innerHTML="<a href='' disabled='disabled'></a><select disabled='disabled'><option/></select>";var t=C.createElement("input");t.setAttribute("type","hidden"),e.appendChild(t).setAttribute("name","D"),e.querySelectorAll("[name=d]").length&&v.push("name"+M+"*[*^$|!~]?="),2!==e.querySelectorAll(":enabled").length&&v.push(":enabled",":disabled"),a.appendChild(e).disabled=!0,2!==e.querySelectorAll(":disabled").length&&v.push(":enabled",":disabled"),e.querySelectorAll("*,:x"),v.push(",.*:")})),(d.matchesSelector=K.test(c=a.matches||a.webkitMatchesSelector||a.mozMatchesSelector||a.oMatchesSelector||a.msMatchesSelector))&&ce(function(e){d.disconnectedMatch=c.call(e,"*"),c.call(e,"[s!='']:x"),s.push("!=",F)}),v=v.length&&new RegExp(v.join("|")),s=s.length&&new RegExp(s.join("|")),t=K.test(a.compareDocumentPosition),y=t||K.test(a.contains)?function(e,t){var n=9===e.nodeType?e.documentElement:e,r=t&&t.parentNode;return e===r||!(!r||1!==r.nodeType||!(n.contains?n.contains(r):e.compareDocumentPosition&&16&e.compareDocumentPosition(r)))}:function(e,t){if(t){while(t=t.parentNode){if(t===e){return !0}}}return !1},D=t?function(e,t){if(e===t){return l=!0,0}var n=!e.compareDocumentPosition-!t.compareDocumentPosition;return n||(1&(n=(e.ownerDocument||e)==(t.ownerDocument||t)?e.compareDocumentPosition(t):1)||!d.sortDetached&&t.compareDocumentPosition(e)===n?e==C||e.ownerDocument==p&&y(p,e)?-1:t==C||t.ownerDocument==p&&y(p,t)?1:u?P(u,e)-P(u,t):0:4&n?-1:1)}:function(e,t){if(e===t){return l=!0,0}var n,r=0,i=e.parentNode,o=t.parentNode,a=[e],s=[t];if(!i||!o){return e==C?-1:t==C?1:i?-1:o?1:u?P(u,e)-P(u,t):0}if(i===o){return pe(e,t)}n=e;while(n=n.parentNode){a.unshift(n)}n=t;while(n=n.parentNode){s.unshift(n)}while(a[r]===s[r]){r++}return r?pe(a[r],s[r]):a[r]==p?-1:s[r]==p?1:0}),C},se.matches=function(e,t){return se(e,null,null,t)},se.matchesSelector=function(e,t){if(T(e),d.matchesSelector&&E&&!N[t+" "]&&(!s||!s.test(t))&&(!v||!v.test(t))){try{var n=c.call(e,t);if(n||d.disconnectedMatch||e.document&&11!==e.document.nodeType){return n}}catch(e){N(t,!0)}}return 0<se(t,C,null,[e]).length},se.contains=function(e,t){return(e.ownerDocument||e)!=C&&T(e),y(e,t)},se.attr=function(e,t){(e.ownerDocument||e)!=C&&T(e);var n=b.attrHandle[t.toLowerCase()],r=n&&j.call(b.attrHandle,t.toLowerCase())?n(e,t,!E):void 0;return void 0!==r?r:d.attributes||!E?e.getAttribute(t):(r=e.getAttributeNode(t))&&r.specified?r.value:null},se.escape=function(e){return(e+"").replace(re,ie)},se.error=function(e){throw new Error("Syntax error, unrecognized expression: "+e)},se.uniqueSort=function(e){var t,n=[],r=0,i=0;if(l=!d.detectDuplicates,u=!d.sortStable&&e.slice(0),e.sort(D),l){while(t=e[i++]){t===e[i]&&(r=n.push(i))}while(r--){e.splice(n[r],1)}}return u=null,e},o=se.getText=function(e){var t,n="",r=0,i=e.nodeType;if(i){if(1===i||9===i||11===i){if("string"==typeof e.textContent){return e.textContent}for(e=e.firstChild;e;e=e.nextSibling){n+=o(e)}}else{if(3===i||4===i){return e.nodeValue}}}else{while(t=e[r++]){n+=o(t)}}return n},(b=se.selectors={cacheLength:50,createPseudo:le,match:G,attrHandle:{},find:{},relative:{">":{dir:"parentNode",first:!0}," ":{dir:"parentNode"},"+":{dir:"previousSibling",first:!0},"~":{dir:"previousSibling"}},preFilter:{ATTR:function(e){return e[1]=e[1].replace(te,ne),e[3]=(e[3]||e[4]||e[5]||"").replace(te,ne),"~="===e[2]&&(e[3]=" "+e[3]+" "),e.slice(0,4)},CHILD:function(e){return e[1]=e[1].toLowerCase(),"nth"===e[1].slice(0,3)?(e[3]||se.error(e[0]),e[4]=+(e[4]?e[5]+(e[6]||1):2*("even"===e[3]||"odd"===e[3])),e[5]=+(e[7]+e[8]||"odd"===e[3])):e[3]&&se.error(e[0]),e},PSEUDO:function(e){var t,n=!e[6]&&e[2];return G.CHILD.test(e[0])?null:(e[3]?e[2]=e[4]||e[5]||"":n&&X.test(n)&&(t=h(n,!0))&&(t=n.indexOf(")",n.length-t)-n.length)&&(e[0]=e[0].slice(0,t),e[2]=n.slice(0,t)),e.slice(0,3))}},filter:{TAG:function(e){var t=e.replace(te,ne).toLowerCase();return"*"===e?function(){return !0}:function(e){return e.nodeName&&e.nodeName.toLowerCase()===t}},CLASS:function(e){var t=m[e+" "];return t||(t=new RegExp("(^|"+M+")"+e+"("+M+"|$)"))&&m(e,function(e){return t.test("string"==typeof e.className&&e.className||"undefined"!=typeof e.getAttribute&&e.getAttribute("class")||"")})},ATTR:function(n,r,i){return function(e){var t=se.attr(e,n);return null==t?"!="===r:!r||(t+="","="===r?t===i:"!="===r?t!==i:"^="===r?i&&0===t.indexOf(i):"*="===r?i&&-1<t.indexOf(i):"$="===r?i&&t.slice(-i.length)===i:"~="===r?-1<(" "+t.replace(B," ")+" ").indexOf(i):"|="===r&&(t===i||t.slice(0,i.length+1)===i+"-"))}},CHILD:function(h,e,t,g,v){var y="nth"!==h.slice(0,3),m="last"!==h.slice(-4),x="of-type"===e;return 1===g&&0===v?function(e){return !!e.parentNode}:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a,s,u,l=y!==m?"nextSibling":"previousSibling",c=e.parentNode,f=x&&e.nodeName.toLowerCase(),p=!n&&!x,d=!1;if(c){if(y){while(l){a=e;while(a=a[l]){if(x?a.nodeName.toLowerCase()===f:1===a.nodeType){return !1}}u=l="only"===h&&!u&&"nextSibling"}return !0}if(u=[m?c.firstChild:c.lastChild],m&&p){d=(s=(r=(i=(o=(a=c)[S]||(a[S]={}))[a.uniqueID]||(o[a.uniqueID]={}))[h]||[])[0]===k&&r[1])&&r[2],a=s&&c.childNodes[s];while(a=++s&&a&&a[l]||(d=s=0)||u.pop()){if(1===a.nodeType&&++d&&a===e){i[h]=[k,s,d];break}}}else{if(p&&(d=s=(r=(i=(o=(a=e)[S]||(a[S]={}))[a.uniqueID]||(o[a.uniqueID]={}))[h]||[])[0]===k&&r[1]),!1===d){while(a=++s&&a&&a[l]||(d=s=0)||u.pop()){if((x?a.nodeName.toLowerCase()===f:1===a.nodeType)&&++d&&(p&&((i=(o=a[S]||(a[S]={}))[a.uniqueID]||(o[a.uniqueID]={}))[h]=[k,d]),a===e)){break}}}}return(d-=v)===g||d%g==0&&0<=d/g}}},PSEUDO:function(e,o){var t,a=b.pseudos[e]||b.setFilters[e.toLowerCase()]||se.error("unsupported pseudo: "+e);return a[S]?a(o):1<a.length?(t=[e,e,"",o],b.setFilters.hasOwnProperty(e.toLowerCase())?le(function(e,t){var n,r=a(e,o),i=r.length;while(i--){e[n=P(e,r[i])]=!(t[n]=r[i])}}):function(e){return a(e,0,t)}):a}},pseudos:{not:le(function(e){var r=[],i=[],s=f(e.replace($,"$1"));return s[S]?le(function(e,t,n,r){var i,o=s(e,null,r,[]),a=e.length;while(a--){(i=o[a])&&(e[a]=!(t[a]=i))}}):function(e,t,n){return r[0]=e,s(r,null,n,i),r[0]=null,!i.pop()}}),has:le(function(t){return function(e){return 0<se(t,e).length}}),contains:le(function(t){return t=t.replace(te,ne),function(e){return -1<(e.textContent||o(e)).indexOf(t)}}),lang:le(function(n){return V.test(n||"")||se.error("unsupported lang: "+n),n=n.replace(te,ne).toLowerCase(),function(e){var t;do{if(t=E?e.lang:e.getAttribute("xml:lang")||e.getAttribute("lang")){return(t=t.toLowerCase())===n||0===t.indexOf(n+"-")}}while((e=e.parentNode)&&1===e.nodeType);return !1}}),target:function(e){var t=n.location&&n.location.hash;return t&&t.slice(1)===e.id},root:function(e){return e===a},focus:function(e){return e===C.activeElement&&(!C.hasFocus||C.hasFocus())&&!!(e.type||e.href||~e.tabIndex)},enabled:ge(!1),disabled:ge(!0),checked:function(e){var t=e.nodeName.toLowerCase();return"input"===t&&!!e.checked||"option"===t&&!!e.selected},selected:function(e){return e.parentNode&&e.parentNode.selectedIndex,!0===e.selected},empty:function(e){for(e=e.firstChild;e;e=e.nextSibling){if(e.nodeType<6){return !1}}return !0},parent:function(e){return !b.pseudos.empty(e)},header:function(e){return J.test(e.nodeName)},input:function(e){return Q.test(e.nodeName)},button:function(e){var t=e.nodeName.toLowerCase();return"input"===t&&"button"===e.type||"button"===t},text:function(e){var t;return"input"===e.nodeName.toLowerCase()&&"text"===e.type&&(null==(t=e.getAttribute("type"))||"text"===t.toLowerCase())},first:ve(function(){return[0]}),last:ve(function(e,t){return[t-1]}),eq:ve(function(e,t,n){return[n<0?n+t:n]}),even:ve(function(e,t){for(var n=0;n<t;n+=2){e.push(n)}return e}),odd:ve(function(e,t){for(var n=1;n<t;n+=2){e.push(n)}return e}),lt:ve(function(e,t,n){for(var r=n<0?n+t:t<n?t:n;0<=--r;){e.push(r)}return e}),gt:ve(function(e,t,n){for(var r=n<0?n+t:n;++r<t;){e.push(r)}return e})}}).pseudos.nth=b.pseudos.eq,{radio:!0,checkbox:!0,file:!0,password:!0,image:!0}){b.pseudos[e]=de(e)}for(e in {submit:!0,reset:!0}){b.pseudos[e]=he(e)}function me(){}function xe(e){for(var t=0,n=e.length,r="";t<n;t++){r+=e[t].value}return r}function be(s,e,t){var u=e.dir,l=e.next,c=l||u,f=t&&"parentNode"===c,p=r++;return e.first?function(e,t,n){while(e=e[u]){if(1===e.nodeType||f){return s(e,t,n)}}return !1}:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a=[k,p];if(n){while(e=e[u]){if((1===e.nodeType||f)&&s(e,t,n)){return !0}}}else{while(e=e[u]){if(1===e.nodeType||f){if(i=(o=e[S]||(e[S]={}))[e.uniqueID]||(o[e.uniqueID]={}),l&&l===e.nodeName.toLowerCase()){e=e[u]||e}else{if((r=i[c])&&r[0]===k&&r[1]===p){return a[2]=r[2]}if((i[c]=a)[2]=s(e,t,n)){return !0}}}}}return !1}}function we(i){return 1<i.length?function(e,t,n){var r=i.length;while(r--){if(!i[r](e,t,n)){return !1}}return !0}:i[0]}function Te(e,t,n,r,i){for(var o,a=[],s=0,u=e.length,l=null!=t;s<u;s++){(o=e[s])&&(n&&!n(o,r,i)||(a.push(o),l&&t.push(s)))}return a}function Ce(d,h,g,v,y,e){return v&&!v[S]&&(v=Ce(v)),y&&!y[S]&&(y=Ce(y,e)),le(function(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a,s=[],u=[],l=t.length,c=e||function(e,t,n){for(var r=0,i=t.length;r<i;r++){se(e,t[r],n)}return n}(h||"*",n.nodeType?[n]:n,[]),f=!d||!e&&h?c:Te(c,s,d,n,r),p=g?y||(e?d:l||v)?[]:t:f;if(g&&g(f,p,n,r),v){i=Te(p,u),v(i,[],n,r),o=i.length;while(o--){(a=i[o])&&(p[u[o]]=!(f[u[o]]=a))}}if(e){if(y||d){if(y){i=[],o=p.length;while(o--){(a=p[o])&&i.push(f[o]=a)}y(null,p=[],i,r)}o=p.length;while(o--){(a=p[o])&&-1<(i=y?P(e,a):s[o])&&(e[i]=!(t[i]=a))}}}else{p=Te(p===t?p.splice(l,p.length):p),y?y(null,t,p,r):H.apply(t,p)}})}function Ee(e){for(var i,t,n,r=e.length,o=b.relative[e[0].type],a=o||b.relative[" "],s=o?1:0,u=be(function(e){return e===i},a,!0),l=be(function(e){return -1<P(i,e)},a,!0),c=[function(e,t,n){var r=!o&&(n||t!==w)||((i=t).nodeType?u(e,t,n):l(e,t,n));return i=null,r}];s<r;s++){if(t=b.relative[e[s].type]){c=[be(we(c),t)]}else{if((t=b.filter[e[s].type].apply(null,e[s].matches))[S]){for(n=++s;n<r;n++){if(b.relative[e[n].type]){break}}return Ce(1<s&&we(c),1<s&&xe(e.slice(0,s-1).concat({value:" "===e[s-2].type?"*":""})).replace($,"$1"),t,s<n&&Ee(e.slice(s,n)),n<r&&Ee(e=e.slice(n)),n<r&&xe(e))}c.push(t)}}return we(c)}return me.prototype=b.filters=b.pseudos,b.setFilters=new me,h=se.tokenize=function(e,t){var n,r,i,o,a,s,u,l=x[e+" "];if(l){return t?0:l.slice(0)}a=e,s=[],u=b.preFilter;while(a){for(o in n&&!(r=_.exec(a))||(r&&(a=a.slice(r[0].length)||a),s.push(i=[])),n=!1,(r=z.exec(a))&&(n=r.shift(),i.push({value:n,type:r[0].replace($," ")}),a=a.slice(n.length)),b.filter){!(r=G[o].exec(a))||u[o]&&!(r=u[o](r))||(n=r.shift(),i.push({value:n,type:o,matches:r}),a=a.slice(n.length))}if(!n){break}}return t?a.length:a?se.error(e):x(e,s).slice(0)},f=se.compile=function(e,t){var n,v,y,m,x,r,i=[],o=[],a=A[e+" "];if(!a){t||(t=h(e)),n=t.length;while(n--){(a=Ee(t[n]))[S]?i.push(a):o.push(a)}(a=A(e,(v=o,m=0<(y=i).length,x=0<v.length,r=function(e,t,n,r,i){var o,a,s,u=0,l="0",c=e&&[],f=[],p=w,d=e||x&&b.find.TAG("*",i),h=k+=null==p?1:Math.random()||0.1,g=d.length;for(i&&(w=t==C||t||i);l!==g&&null!=(o=d[l]);l++){if(x&&o){a=0,t||o.ownerDocument==C||(T(o),n=!E);while(s=v[a++]){if(s(o,t||C,n)){r.push(o);break}}i&&(k=h)}m&&((o=!s&&o)&&u--,e&&c.push(o))}if(u+=l,m&&l!==u){a=0;while(s=y[a++]){s(c,f,t,n)}if(e){if(0<u){while(l--){c[l]||f[l]||(f[l]=q.call(r))}}f=Te(f)}H.apply(r,f),i&&!e&&0<f.length&&1<u+y.length&&se.uniqueSort(r)}return i&&(k=h,w=p),c},m?le(r):r))).selector=e}return a},g=se.select=function(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a,s,u,l="function"==typeof e&&e,c=!r&&h(e=l.selector||e);if(n=n||[],1===c.length){if(2<(o=c[0]=c[0].slice(0)).length&&"ID"===(a=o[0]).type&&9===t.nodeType&&E&&b.relative[o[1].type]){if(!(t=(b.find.ID(a.matches[0].replace(te,ne),t)||[])[0])){return n}l&&(t=t.parentNode),e=e.slice(o.shift().value.length)}i=G.needsContext.test(e)?0:o.length;while(i--){if(a=o[i],b.relative[s=a.type]){break}if((u=b.find[s])&&(r=u(a.matches[0].replace(te,ne),ee.test(o[0].type)&&ye(t.parentNode)||t))){if(o.splice(i,1),!(e=r.length&&xe(o))){return H.apply(n,r),n}break}}}return(l||f(e,c))(r,t,!E,n,!t||ee.test(e)&&ye(t.parentNode)||t),n},d.sortStable=S.split("").sort(D).join("")===S,d.detectDuplicates=!!l,T(),d.sortDetached=ce(function(e){return 1&e.compareDocumentPosition(C.createElement("fieldset"))}),ce(function(e){return e.innerHTML="<a href='#'></a>","#"===e.firstChild.getAttribute("href")})||fe("type|href|height|width",function(e,t,n){if(!n){return e.getAttribute(t,"type"===t.toLowerCase()?1:2)}}),d.attributes&&ce(function(e){return e.innerHTML="<input/>",e.firstChild.setAttribute("value",""),""===e.firstChild.getAttribute("value")})||fe("value",function(e,t,n){if(!n&&"input"===e.nodeName.toLowerCase()){return e.defaultValue}}),ce(function(e){return null==e.getAttribute("disabled")})||fe(R,function(e,t,n){var r;if(!n){return !0===e[t]?t.toLowerCase():(r=e.getAttributeNode(t))&&r.specified?r.value:null}}),se}(C);S.find=d,S.expr=d.selectors,S.expr[":"]=S.expr.pseudos,S.uniqueSort=S.unique=d.uniqueSort,S.text=d.getText,S.isXMLDoc=d.isXML,S.contains=d.contains,S.escapeSelector=d.escape;var h=function(e,t,n){var r=[],i=void 0!==n;while((e=e[t])&&9!==e.nodeType){if(1===e.nodeType){if(i&&S(e).is(n)){break}r.push(e)}}return r},T=function(e,t){for(var n=[];e;e=e.nextSibling){1===e.nodeType&&e!==t&&n.push(e)}return n},k=S.expr.match.needsContext;function A(e,t){return e.nodeName&&e.nodeName.toLowerCase()===t.toLowerCase()}var N=/^<([a-z][^\/\0>:\x20\t\r\n\f]*)[\x20\t\r\n\f]*\/?>(?:<\/\1>|)$/i;function D(e,n,r){return m(n)?S.grep(e,function(e,t){return !!n.call(e,t,e)!==r}):n.nodeType?S.grep(e,function(e){return e===n!==r}):"string"!=typeof n?S.grep(e,function(e){return -1<i.call(n,e)!==r}):S.filter(n,e,r)}S.filter=function(e,t,n){var r=t[0];return n&&(e=":not("+e+")"),1===t.length&&1===r.nodeType?S.find.matchesSelector(r,e)?[r]:[]:S.find.matches(e,S.grep(t,function(e){return 1===e.nodeType}))},S.fn.extend({find:function(e){var t,n,r=this.length,i=this;if("string"!=typeof e){return this.pushStack(S(e).filter(function(){for(t=0;t<r;t++){if(S.contains(i[t],this)){return !0}}}))}for(n=this.pushStack([]),t=0;t<r;t++){S.find(e,i[t],n)}return 1<r?S.uniqueSort(n):n},filter:function(e){return this.pushStack(D(this,e||[],!1))},not:function(e){return this.pushStack(D(this,e||[],!0))},is:function(e){return !!D(this,"string"==typeof e&&k.test(e)?S(e):e||[],!1).length}});var j,q=/^(?:\s*(<[\w\W]+>)[^>]*|#([\w-]+))$/;(S.fn.init=function(e,t,n){var r,i;if(!e){return this}if(n=n||j,"string"==typeof e){if(!(r="<"===e[0]&&">"===e[e.length-1]&&3<=e.length?[null,e,null]:q.exec(e))||!r[1]&&t){return !t||t.jquery?(t||n).find(e):this.constructor(t).find(e)}if(r[1]){if(t=t instanceof S?t[0]:t,S.merge(this,S.parseHTML(r[1],t&&t.nodeType?t.ownerDocument||t:E,!0)),N.test(r[1])&&S.isPlainObject(t)){for(r in t){m(this[r])?this[r](t[r]):this.attr(r,t[r])}}return this}return(i=E.getElementById(r[2]))&&(this[0]=i,this.length=1),this}return e.nodeType?(this[0]=e,this.length=1,this):m(e)?void 0!==n.ready?n.ready(e):e(S):S.makeArray(e,this)}).prototype=S.fn,j=S(E);var L=/^(?:parents|prev(?:Until|All))/,H={children:!0,contents:!0,next:!0,prev:!0};function O(e,t){while((e=e[t])&&1!==e.nodeType){}return e}S.fn.extend({has:function(e){var t=S(e,this),n=t.length;return this.filter(function(){for(var e=0;e<n;e++){if(S.contains(this,t[e])){return !0}}})},closest:function(e,t){var n,r=0,i=this.length,o=[],a="string"!=typeof e&&S(e);if(!k.test(e)){for(;r<i;r++){for(n=this[r];n&&n!==t;n=n.parentNode){if(n.nodeType<11&&(a?-1<a.index(n):1===n.nodeType&&S.find.matchesSelector(n,e))){o.push(n);break}}}}return this.pushStack(1<o.length?S.uniqueSort(o):o)},index:function(e){return e?"string"==typeof e?i.call(S(e),this[0]):i.call(this,e.jquery?e[0]:e):this[0]&&this[0].parentNode?this.first().prevAll().length:-1},add:function(e,t){return this.pushStack(S.uniqueSort(S.merge(this.get(),S(e,t))))},addBack:function(e){return this.add(null==e?this.prevObject:this.prevObject.filter(e))}}),S.each({parent:function(e){var t=e.parentNode;return t&&11!==t.nodeType?t:null},parents:function(e){return h(e,"parentNode")},parentsUntil:function(e,t,n){return h(e,"parentNode",n)},next:function(e){return O(e,"nextSibling")},prev:function(e){return O(e,"previousSibling")},nextAll:function(e){return h(e,"nextSibling")},prevAll:function(e){return h(e,"previousSibling")},nextUntil:function(e,t,n){return h(e,"nextSibling",n)},prevUntil:function(e,t,n){return h(e,"previousSibling",n)},siblings:function(e){return T((e.parentNode||{}).firstChild,e)},children:function(e){return T(e.firstChild)},contents:function(e){return null!=e.contentDocument&&r(e.contentDocument)?e.contentDocument:(A(e,"template")&&(e=e.content||e),S.merge([],e.childNodes))}},function(r,i){S.fn[r]=function(e,t){var n=S.map(this,i,e);return"Until"!==r.slice(-5)&&(t=e),t&&"string"==typeof t&&(n=S.filter(t,n)),1<this.length&&(H[r]||S.uniqueSort(n),L.test(r)&&n.reverse()),this.pushStack(n)}});var P=/[^\x20\t\r\n\f]+/g;function R(e){return e}function M(e){throw e}function I(e,t,n,r){var i;try{e&&m(i=e.promise)?i.call(e).done(t).fail(n):e&&m(i=e.then)?i.call(e,t,n):t.apply(void 0,[e].slice(r))}catch(e){n.apply(void 0,[e])}}S.Callbacks=function(r){var e,n;r="string"==typeof r?(e=r,n={},S.each(e.match(P)||[],function(e,t){n[t]=!0}),n):S.extend({},r);var i,t,o,a,s=[],u=[],l=-1,c=function(){for(a=a||r.once,o=i=!0;u.length;l=-1){t=u.shift();while(++l<s.length){!1===s[l].apply(t[0],t[1])&&r.stopOnFalse&&(l=s.length,t=!1)}}r.memory||(t=!1),i=!1,a&&(s=t?[]:"")},f={add:function(){return s&&(t&&!i&&(l=s.length-1,u.push(t)),function n(e){S.each(e,function(e,t){m(t)?r.unique&&f.has(t)||s.push(t):t&&t.length&&"string"!==w(t)&&n(t)})}(arguments),t&&!i&&c()),this},remove:function(){return S.each(arguments,function(e,t){var n;while(-1<(n=S.inArray(t,s,n))){s.splice(n,1),n<=l&&l--}}),this},has:function(e){return e?-1<S.inArray(e,s):0<s.length},empty:function(){return s&&(s=[]),this},disable:function(){return a=u=[],s=t="",this},disabled:function(){return !s},lock:function(){return a=u=[],t||i||(s=t=""),this},locked:function(){return !!a},fireWith:function(e,t){return a||(t=[e,(t=t||[]).slice?t.slice():t],u.push(t),i||c()),this},fire:function(){return f.fireWith(this,arguments),this},fired:function(){return !!o}};return f},S.extend({Deferred:function(e){var o=[["notify","progress",S.Callbacks("memory"),S.Callbacks("memory"),2],["resolve","done",S.Callbacks("once memory"),S.Callbacks("once memory"),0,"resolved"],["reject","fail",S.Callbacks("once memory"),S.Callbacks("once memory"),1,"rejected"]],i="pending",a={state:function(){return i},always:function(){return s.done(arguments).fail(arguments),this},"catch":function(e){return a.then(null,e)},pipe:function(){var i=arguments;return S.Deferred(function(r){S.each(o,function(e,t){var n=m(i[t[4]])&&i[t[4]];s[t[1]](function(){var e=n&&n.apply(this,arguments);e&&m(e.promise)?e.promise().progress(r.notify).done(r.resolve).fail(r.reject):r[t[0]+"With"](this,n?[e]:arguments)})}),i=null}).promise()},then:function(t,n,r){var u=0;function l(i,o,a,s){return function(){var n=this,r=arguments,e=function(){var e,t;if(!(i<u)){if((e=a.apply(n,r))===o.promise()){throw new TypeError("Thenable self-resolution")}t=e&&("object"==typeof e||"function"==typeof e)&&e.then,m(t)?s?t.call(e,l(u,o,R,s),l(u,o,M,s)):(u++,t.call(e,l(u,o,R,s),l(u,o,M,s),l(u,o,R,o.notifyWith))):(a!==R&&(n=void 0,r=[e]),(s||o.resolveWith)(n,r))}},t=s?e:function(){try{e()}catch(e){S.Deferred.exceptionHook&&S.Deferred.exceptionHook(e,t.stackTrace),u<=i+1&&(a!==M&&(n=void 0,r=[e]),o.rejectWith(n,r))}};i?t():(S.Deferred.getStackHook&&(t.stackTrace=S.Deferred.getStackHook()),C.setTimeout(t))}}return S.Deferred(function(e){o[0][3].add(l(0,e,m(r)?r:R,e.notifyWith)),o[1][3].add(l(0,e,m(t)?t:R)),o[2][3].add(l(0,e,m(n)?n:M))}).promise()},promise:function(e){return null!=e?S.extend(e,a):a}},s={};return S.each(o,function(e,t){var n=t[2],r=t[5];a[t[1]]=n.add,r&&n.add(function(){i=r},o[3-e][2].disable,o[3-e][3].disable,o[0][2].lock,o[0][3].lock),n.add(t[3].fire),s[t[0]]=function(){return s[t[0]+"With"](this===s?void 0:this,arguments),this},s[t[0]+"With"]=n.fireWith}),a.promise(s),e&&e.call(s,s),s},when:function(e){var n=arguments.length,t=n,r=Array(t),i=s.call(arguments),o=S.Deferred(),a=function(t){return function(e){r[t]=this,i[t]=1<arguments.length?s.call(arguments):e,--n||o.resolveWith(r,i)}};if(n<=1&&(I(e,o.done(a(t)).resolve,o.reject,!n),"pending"===o.state()||m(i[t]&&i[t].then))){return o.then()}while(t--){I(i[t],a(t),o.reject)}return o.promise()}});var W=/^(Eval|Internal|Range|Reference|Syntax|Type|URI)Error$/;S.Deferred.exceptionHook=function(e,t){C.console&&C.console.warn&&e&&W.test(e.name)&&C.console.warn("jQuery.Deferred exception: "+e.message,e.stack,t)},S.readyException=function(e){C.setTimeout(function(){throw e})};var F=S.Deferred();function B(){E.removeEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",B),C.removeEventListener("load",B),S.ready()}S.fn.ready=function(e){return F.then(e)["catch"](function(e){S.readyException(e)}),this},S.extend({isReady:!1,readyWait:1,ready:function(e){(!0===e?--S.readyWait:S.isReady)||(S.isReady=!0)!==e&&0<--S.readyWait||F.resolveWith(E,[S])}}),S.ready.then=F.then,"complete"===E.readyState||"loading"!==E.readyState&&!E.documentElement.doScroll?C.setTimeout(S.ready):(E.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",B),C.addEventListener("load",B));var $=function(e,t,n,r,i,o,a){var s=0,u=e.length,l=null==n;if("object"===w(n)){for(s in i=!0,n){$(e,t,s,n[s],!0,o,a)}}else{if(void 0!==r&&(i=!0,m(r)||(a=!0),l&&(a?(t.call(e,r),t=null):(l=t,t=function(e,t,n){return l.call(S(e),n)})),t)){for(;s<u;s++){t(e[s],n,a?r:r.call(e[s],s,t(e[s],n)))}}}return i?e:l?t.call(e):u?t(e[0],n):o},_=/^-ms-/,z=/-([a-z])/g;function U(e,t){return t.toUpperCase()}function X(e){return e.replace(_,"ms-").replace(z,U)}var V=function(e){return 1===e.nodeType||9===e.nodeType||!+e.nodeType};function G(){this.expando=S.expando+G.uid++}G.uid=1,G.prototype={cache:function(e){var t=e[this.expando];return t||(t={},V(e)&&(e.nodeType?e[this.expando]=t:Object.defineProperty(e,this.expando,{value:t,configurable:!0}))),t},set:function(e,t,n){var r,i=this.cache(e);if("string"==typeof t){i[X(t)]=n}else{for(r in t){i[X(r)]=t[r]}}return i},get:function(e,t){return void 0===t?this.cache(e):e[this.expando]&&e[this.expando][X(t)]},access:function(e,t,n){return void 0===t||t&&"string"==typeof t&&void 0===n?this.get(e,t):(this.set(e,t,n),void 0!==n?n:t)},remove:function(e,t){var n,r=e[this.expando];if(void 0!==r){if(void 0!==t){n=(t=Array.isArray(t)?t.map(X):(t=X(t)) in r?[t]:t.match(P)||[]).length;while(n--){delete r[t[n]]}}(void 0===t||S.isEmptyObject(r))&&(e.nodeType?e[this.expando]=void 0:delete e[this.expando])}},hasData:function(e){var t=e[this.expando];return void 0!==t&&!S.isEmptyObject(t)}};var Y=new G,Q=new G,J=/^(?:\{[\w\W]*\}|\[[\w\W]*\])$/,K=/[A-Z]/g;function Z(e,t,n){var r,i;if(void 0===n&&1===e.nodeType){if(r="data-"+t.replace(K,"-$&").toLowerCase(),"string"==typeof(n=e.getAttribute(r))){try{n="true"===(i=n)||"false"!==i&&("null"===i?null:i===+i+""?+i:J.test(i)?JSON.parse(i):i)}catch(e){}Q.set(e,t,n)}else{n=void 0}}return n}S.extend({hasData:function(e){return Q.hasData(e)||Y.hasData(e)},data:function(e,t,n){return Q.access(e,t,n)},removeData:function(e,t){Q.remove(e,t)},_data:function(e,t,n){return Y.access(e,t,n)},_removeData:function(e,t){Y.remove(e,t)}}),S.fn.extend({data:function(n,e){var t,r,i,o=this[0],a=o&&o.attributes;if(void 0===n){if(this.length&&(i=Q.get(o),1===o.nodeType&&!Y.get(o,"hasDataAttrs"))){t=a.length;while(t--){a[t]&&0===(r=a[t].name).indexOf("data-")&&(r=X(r.slice(5)),Z(o,r,i[r]))}Y.set(o,"hasDataAttrs",!0)}return i}return"object"==typeof n?this.each(function(){Q.set(this,n)}):$(this,function(e){var t;if(o&&void 0===e){return void 0!==(t=Q.get(o,n))?t:void 0!==(t=Z(o,n))?t:void 0}this.each(function(){Q.set(this,n,e)})},null,e,1<arguments.length,null,!0)},removeData:function(e){return this.each(function(){Q.remove(this,e)})}}),S.extend({queue:function(e,t,n){var r;if(e){return t=(t||"fx")+"queue",r=Y.get(e,t),n&&(!r||Array.isArray(n)?r=Y.access(e,t,S.makeArray(n)):r.push(n)),r||[]}},dequeue:function(e,t){t=t||"fx";var n=S.queue(e,t),r=n.length,i=n.shift(),o=S._queueHooks(e,t);"inprogress"===i&&(i=n.shift(),r--),i&&("fx"===t&&n.unshift("inprogress"),delete o.stop,i.call(e,function(){S.dequeue(e,t)},o)),!r&&o&&o.empty.fire()},_queueHooks:function(e,t){var n=t+"queueHooks";return Y.get(e,n)||Y.access(e,n,{empty:S.Callbacks("once memory").add(function(){Y.remove(e,[t+"queue",n])})})}}),S.fn.extend({queue:function(t,n){var e=2;return"string"!=typeof t&&(n=t,t="fx",e--),arguments.length<e?S.queue(this[0],t):void 0===n?this:this.each(function(){var e=S.queue(this,t,n);S._queueHooks(this,t),"fx"===t&&"inprogress"!==e[0]&&S.dequeue(this,t)})},dequeue:function(e){return this.each(function(){S.dequeue(this,e)})},clearQueue:function(e){return this.queue(e||"fx",[])},promise:function(e,t){var n,r=1,i=S.Deferred(),o=this,a=this.length,s=function(){--r||i.resolveWith(o,[o])};"string"!=typeof e&&(t=e,e=void 0),e=e||"fx";while(a--){(n=Y.get(o[a],e+"queueHooks"))&&n.empty&&(r++,n.empty.add(s))}return s(),i.promise(t)}});var ee=/[+-]?(?:\d*\.|)\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\d+|)/.source,te=new RegExp("^(?:([+-])=|)("+ee+")([a-z%]*)$","i"),ne=["Top","Right","Bottom","Left"],re=E.documentElement,ie=function(e){return S.contains(e.ownerDocument,e)},oe={composed:!0};re.getRootNode&&(ie=function(e){return S.contains(e.ownerDocument,e)||e.getRootNode(oe)===e.ownerDocument});var ae=function(e,t){return"none"===(e=t||e).style.display||""===e.style.display&&ie(e)&&"none"===S.css(e,"display")};function se(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a=20,s=r?function(){return r.cur()}:function(){return S.css(e,t,"")},u=s(),l=n&&n[3]||(S.cssNumber[t]?"":"px"),c=e.nodeType&&(S.cssNumber[t]||"px"!==l&&+u)&&te.exec(S.css(e,t));if(c&&c[3]!==l){u/=2,l=l||c[3],c=+u||1;while(a--){S.style(e,t,c+l),(1-o)*(1-(o=s()/u||0.5))<=0&&(a=0),c/=o}c*=2,S.style(e,t,c+l),n=n||[]}return n&&(c=+c||+u||0,i=n[1]?c+(n[1]+1)*n[2]:+n[2],r&&(r.unit=l,r.start=c,r.end=i)),i}var ue={};function le(e,t){for(var n,r,i,o,a,s,u,l=[],c=0,f=e.length;c<f;c++){(r=e[c]).style&&(n=r.style.display,t?("none"===n&&(l[c]=Y.get(r,"display")||null,l[c]||(r.style.display="")),""===r.style.display&&ae(r)&&(l[c]=(u=a=o=void 0,a=(i=r).ownerDocument,s=i.nodeName,(u=ue[s])||(o=a.body.appendChild(a.createElement(s)),u=S.css(o,"display"),o.parentNode.removeChild(o),"none"===u&&(u="block"),ue[s]=u)))):"none"!==n&&(l[c]="none",Y.set(r,"display",n)))}for(c=0;c<f;c++){null!=l[c]&&(e[c].style.display=l[c])}return e}S.fn.extend({show:function(){return le(this,!0)},hide:function(){return le(this)},toggle:function(e){return"boolean"==typeof e?e?this.show():this.hide():this.each(function(){ae(this)?S(this).show():S(this).hide()})}});var ce,fe,pe=/^(?:checkbox|radio)$/i,de=/<([a-z][^\/\0>\x20\t\r\n\f]*)/i,he=/^$|^module$|\/(?:java|ecma)script/i;ce=E.createDocumentFragment().appendChild(E.createElement("div")),(fe=E.createElement("input")).setAttribute("type","radio"),fe.setAttribute("checked","checked"),fe.setAttribute("name","t"),ce.appendChild(fe),y.checkClone=ce.cloneNode(!0).cloneNode(!0).lastChild.checked,ce.innerHTML="<textarea>x</textarea>",y.noCloneChecked=!!ce.cloneNode(!0).lastChild.defaultValue,ce.innerHTML="<option></option>",y.option=!!ce.lastChild;var ge={thead:[1,"<table>","</table>"],col:[2,"<table><colgroup>","</colgroup></table>"],tr:[2,"<table><tbody>","</tbody></table>"],td:[3,"<table><tbody><tr>","</tr></tbody></table>"],_default:[0,"",""]};function ve(e,t){var n;return n="undefined"!=typeof e.getElementsByTagName?e.getElementsByTagName(t||"*"):"undefined"!=typeof e.querySelectorAll?e.querySelectorAll(t||"*"):[],void 0===t||t&&A(e,t)?S.merge([e],n):n}function ye(e,t){for(var n=0,r=e.length;n<r;n++){Y.set(e[n],"globalEval",!t||Y.get(t[n],"globalEval"))}}ge.tbody=ge.tfoot=ge.colgroup=ge.caption=ge.thead,ge.th=ge.td,y.option||(ge.optgroup=ge.option=[1,"<select multiple='multiple'>","</select>"]);var me=/<|&#?\w+;/;function xe(e,t,n,r,i){for(var o,a,s,u,l,c,f=t.createDocumentFragment(),p=[],d=0,h=e.length;d<h;d++){if((o=e[d])||0===o){if("object"===w(o)){S.merge(p,o.nodeType?[o]:o)}else{if(me.test(o)){a=a||f.appendChild(t.createElement("div")),s=(de.exec(o)||["",""])[1].toLowerCase(),u=ge[s]||ge._default,a.innerHTML=u[1]+S.htmlPrefilter(o)+u[2],c=u[0];while(c--){a=a.lastChild}S.merge(p,a.childNodes),(a=f.firstChild).textContent=""}else{p.push(t.createTextNode(o))}}}}f.textContent="",d=0;while(o=p[d++]){if(r&&-1<S.inArray(o,r)){i&&i.push(o)}else{if(l=ie(o),a=ve(f.appendChild(o),"script"),l&&ye(a),n){c=0;while(o=a[c++]){he.test(o.type||"")&&n.push(o)}}}}return f}var be=/^key/,we=/^(?:mouse|pointer|contextmenu|drag|drop)|click/,Te=/^([^.]*)(?:\.(.+)|)/;function Ce(){return !0}function Ee(){return !1}function Se(e,t){return e===function(){try{return E.activeElement}catch(e){}}()==("focus"===t)}function ke(e,t,n,r,i,o){var a,s;if("object"==typeof t){for(s in "string"!=typeof n&&(r=r||n,n=void 0),t){ke(e,s,n,r,t[s],o)}return e}if(null==r&&null==i?(i=n,r=n=void 0):null==i&&("string"==typeof n?(i=r,r=void 0):(i=r,r=n,n=void 0)),!1===i){i=Ee}else{if(!i){return e}}return 1===o&&(a=i,(i=function(e){return S().off(e),a.apply(this,arguments)}).guid=a.guid||(a.guid=S.guid++)),e.each(function(){S.event.add(this,t,i,r,n)})}function Ae(e,i,o){o?(Y.set(e,i,!1),S.event.add(e,i,{namespace:!1,handler:function(e){var t,n,r=Y.get(this,i);if(1&e.isTrigger&&this[i]){if(r.length){(S.event.special[i]||{}).delegateType&&e.stopPropagation()}else{if(r=s.call(arguments),Y.set(this,i,r),t=o(this,i),this[i](),r!==(n=Y.get(this,i))||t?Y.set(this,i,!1):n={},r!==n){return e.stopImmediatePropagation(),e.preventDefault(),n.value}}}else{r.length&&(Y.set(this,i,{value:S.event.trigger(S.extend(r[0],S.Event.prototype),r.slice(1),this)}),e.stopImmediatePropagation())}}})):void 0===Y.get(e,i)&&S.event.add(e,i,Ce)}S.event={global:{},add:function(t,e,n,r,i){var o,a,s,u,l,c,f,p,d,h,g,v=Y.get(t);if(V(t)){n.handler&&(n=(o=n).handler,i=o.selector),i&&S.find.matchesSelector(re,i),n.guid||(n.guid=S.guid++),(u=v.events)||(u=v.events=Object.create(null)),(a=v.handle)||(a=v.handle=function(e){return"undefined"!=typeof S&&S.event.triggered!==e.type?S.event.dispatch.apply(t,arguments):void 0}),l=(e=(e||"").match(P)||[""]).length;while(l--){d=g=(s=Te.exec(e[l])||[])[1],h=(s[2]||"").split(".").sort(),d&&(f=S.event.special[d]||{},d=(i?f.delegateType:f.bindType)||d,f=S.event.special[d]||{},c=S.extend({type:d,origType:g,data:r,handler:n,guid:n.guid,selector:i,needsContext:i&&S.expr.match.needsContext.test(i),namespace:h.join(".")},o),(p=u[d])||((p=u[d]=[]).delegateCount=0,f.setup&&!1!==f.setup.call(t,r,h,a)||t.addEventListener&&t.addEventListener(d,a)),f.add&&(f.add.call(t,c),c.handler.guid||(c.handler.guid=n.guid)),i?p.splice(p.delegateCount++,0,c):p.push(c),S.event.global[d]=!0)}}},remove:function(e,t,n,r,i){var o,a,s,u,l,c,f,p,d,h,g,v=Y.hasData(e)&&Y.get(e);if(v&&(u=v.events)){l=(t=(t||"").match(P)||[""]).length;while(l--){if(d=g=(s=Te.exec(t[l])||[])[1],h=(s[2]||"").split(".").sort(),d){f=S.event.special[d]||{},p=u[d=(r?f.delegateType:f.bindType)||d]||[],s=s[2]&&new RegExp("(^|\\.)"+h.join("\\.(?:.*\\.|)")+"(\\.|$)"),a=o=p.length;while(o--){c=p[o],!i&&g!==c.origType||n&&n.guid!==c.guid||s&&!s.test(c.namespace)||r&&r!==c.selector&&("**"!==r||!c.selector)||(p.splice(o,1),c.selector&&p.delegateCount--,f.remove&&f.remove.call(e,c))}a&&!p.length&&(f.teardown&&!1!==f.teardown.call(e,h,v.handle)||S.removeEvent(e,d,v.handle),delete u[d])}else{for(d in u){S.event.remove(e,d+t[l],n,r,!0)}}}S.isEmptyObject(u)&&Y.remove(e,"handle events")}},dispatch:function(e){var t,n,r,i,o,a,s=new Array(arguments.length),u=S.event.fix(e),l=(Y.get(this,"events")||Object.create(null))[u.type]||[],c=S.event.special[u.type]||{};for(s[0]=u,t=1;t<arguments.length;t++){s[t]=arguments[t]}if(u.delegateTarget=this,!c.preDispatch||!1!==c.preDispatch.call(this,u)){a=S.event.handlers.call(this,u,l),t=0;while((i=a[t++])&&!u.isPropagationStopped()){u.currentTarget=i.elem,n=0;while((o=i.handlers[n++])&&!u.isImmediatePropagationStopped()){u.rnamespace&&!1!==o.namespace&&!u.rnamespace.test(o.namespace)||(u.handleObj=o,u.data=o.data,void 0!==(r=((S.event.special[o.origType]||{}).handle||o.handler).apply(i.elem,s))&&!1===(u.result=r)&&(u.preventDefault(),u.stopPropagation()))}}return c.postDispatch&&c.postDispatch.call(this,u),u.result}},handlers:function(e,t){var n,r,i,o,a,s=[],u=t.delegateCount,l=e.target;if(u&&l.nodeType&&!("click"===e.type&&1<=e.button)){for(;l!==this;l=l.parentNode||this){if(1===l.nodeType&&("click"!==e.type||!0!==l.disabled)){for(o=[],a={},n=0;n<u;n++){void 0===a[i=(r=t[n]).selector+" "]&&(a[i]=r.needsContext?-1<S(i,this).index(l):S.find(i,this,null,[l]).length),a[i]&&o.push(r)}o.length&&s.push({elem:l,handlers:o})}}}return l=this,u<t.length&&s.push({elem:l,handlers:t.slice(u)}),s},addProp:function(t,e){Object.defineProperty(S.Event.prototype,t,{enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,get:m(e)?function(){if(this.originalEvent){return e(this.originalEvent)}}:function(){if(this.originalEvent){return this.originalEvent[t]}},set:function(e){Object.defineProperty(this,t,{enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0,value:e})}})},fix:function(e){return e[S.expando]?e:new S.Event(e)},special:{load:{noBubble:!0},click:{setup:function(e){var t=this||e;return pe.test(t.type)&&t.click&&A(t,"input")&&Ae(t,"click",Ce),!1},trigger:function(e){var t=this||e;return pe.test(t.type)&&t.click&&A(t,"input")&&Ae(t,"click"),!0},_default:function(e){var t=e.target;return pe.test(t.type)&&t.click&&A(t,"input")&&Y.get(t,"click")||A(t,"a")}},beforeunload:{postDispatch:function(e){void 0!==e.result&&e.originalEvent&&(e.originalEvent.returnValue=e.result)}}}},S.removeEvent=function(e,t,n){e.removeEventListener&&e.removeEventListener(t,n)},S.Event=function(e,t){if(!(this instanceof S.Event)){return new S.Event(e,t)}e&&e.type?(this.originalEvent=e,this.type=e.type,this.isDefaultPrevented=e.defaultPrevented||void 0===e.defaultPrevented&&!1===e.returnValue?Ce:Ee,this.target=e.target&&3===e.target.nodeType?e.target.parentNode:e.target,this.currentTarget=e.currentTarget,this.relatedTarget=e.relatedTarget):this.type=e,t&&S.extend(this,t),this.timeStamp=e&&e.timeStamp||Date.now(),this[S.expando]=!0},S.Event.prototype={constructor:S.Event,isDefaultPrevented:Ee,isPropagationStopped:Ee,isImmediatePropagationStopped:Ee,isSimulated:!1,preventDefault:function(){var e=this.originalEvent;this.isDefaultPrevented=Ce,e&&!this.isSimulated&&e.preventDefault()},stopPropagation:function(){var e=this.originalEvent;this.isPropagationStopped=Ce,e&&!this.isSimulated&&e.stopPropagation()},stopImmediatePropagation:function(){var e=this.originalEvent;this.isImmediatePropagationStopped=Ce,e&&!this.isSimulated&&e.stopImmediatePropagation(),this.stopPropagation()}},S.each({altKey:!0,bubbles:!0,cancelable:!0,changedTouches:!0,ctrlKey:!0,detail:!0,eventPhase:!0,metaKey:!0,pageX:!0,pageY:!0,shiftKey:!0,view:!0,"char":!0,code:!0,charCode:!0,key:!0,keyCode:!0,button:!0,buttons:!0,clientX:!0,clientY:!0,offsetX:!0,offsetY:!0,pointerId:!0,pointerType:!0,screenX:!0,screenY:!0,targetTouches:!0,toElement:!0,touches:!0,which:function(e){var t=e.button;return null==e.which&&be.test(e.type)?null!=e.charCode?e.charCode:e.keyCode:!e.which&&void 0!==t&&we.test(e.type)?1&t?1:2&t?3:4&t?2:0:e.which}},S.event.addProp),S.each({focus:"focusin",blur:"focusout"},function(e,t){S.event.special[e]={setup:function(){return Ae(this,e,Se),!1},trigger:function(){return Ae(this,e),!0},delegateType:t}}),S.each({mouseenter:"mouseover",mouseleave:"mouseout",pointerenter:"pointerover",pointerleave:"pointerout"},function(e,i){S.event.special[e]={delegateType:i,bindType:i,handle:function(e){var t,n=e.relatedTarget,r=e.handleObj;return n&&(n===this||S.contains(this,n))||(e.type=r.origType,t=r.handler.apply(this,arguments),e.type=i),t}}}),S.fn.extend({on:function(e,t,n,r){return ke(this,e,t,n,r)},one:function(e,t,n,r){return ke(this,e,t,n,r,1)},off:function(e,t,n){var r,i;if(e&&e.preventDefault&&e.handleObj){return r=e.handleObj,S(e.delegateTarget).off(r.namespace?r.origType+"."+r.namespace:r.origType,r.selector,r.handler),this}if("object"==typeof e){for(i in e){this.off(i,t,e[i])}return this}return !1!==t&&"function"!=typeof t||(n=t,t=void 0),!1===n&&(n=Ee),this.each(function(){S.event.remove(this,e,n,t)})}});var Ne=/<script|<style|<link/i,De=/checked\s*(?:[^=]|=\s*.checked.)/i,je=/^\s*<!(?:\[CDATA\[|--)|(?:\]\]|--)>\s*$/g;function qe(e,t){return A(e,"table")&&A(11!==t.nodeType?t:t.firstChild,"tr")&&S(e).children("tbody")[0]||e}function Le(e){return e.type=(null!==e.getAttribute("type"))+"/"+e.type,e}function He(e){return"true/"===(e.type||"").slice(0,5)?e.type=e.type.slice(5):e.removeAttribute("type"),e}function Oe(e,t){var n,r,i,o,a,s;if(1===t.nodeType){if(Y.hasData(e)&&(s=Y.get(e).events)){for(i in Y.remove(t,"handle events"),s){for(n=0,r=s[i].length;n<r;n++){S.event.add(t,i,s[i][n])}}}Q.hasData(e)&&(o=Q.access(e),a=S.extend({},o),Q.set(t,a))}}function Pe(n,r,i,o){r=g(r);var e,t,a,s,u,l,c=0,f=n.length,p=f-1,d=r[0],h=m(d);if(h||1<f&&"string"==typeof d&&!y.checkClone&&De.test(d)){return n.each(function(e){var t=n.eq(e);h&&(r[0]=d.call(this,e,t.html())),Pe(t,r,i,o)})}if(f&&(t=(e=xe(r,n[0].ownerDocument,!1,n,o)).firstChild,1===e.childNodes.length&&(e=t),t||o)){for(s=(a=S.map(ve(e,"script"),Le)).length;c<f;c++){u=e,c!==p&&(u=S.clone(u,!0,!0),s&&S.merge(a,ve(u,"script"))),i.call(n[c],u,c)}if(s){for(l=a[a.length-1].ownerDocument,S.map(a,He),c=0;c<s;c++){u=a[c],he.test(u.type||"")&&!Y.access(u,"globalEval")&&S.contains(l,u)&&(u.src&&"module"!==(u.type||"").toLowerCase()?S._evalUrl&&!u.noModule&&S._evalUrl(u.src,{nonce:u.nonce||u.getAttribute("nonce")},l):b(u.textContent.replace(je,""),u,l))}}}return n}function Re(e,t,n){for(var r,i=t?S.filter(t,e):e,o=0;null!=(r=i[o]);o++){n||1!==r.nodeType||S.cleanData(ve(r)),r.parentNode&&(n&&ie(r)&&ye(ve(r,"script")),r.parentNode.removeChild(r))}return e}S.extend({htmlPrefilter:function(e){return e},clone:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a,s,u,l,c=e.cloneNode(!0),f=ie(e);if(!(y.noCloneChecked||1!==e.nodeType&&11!==e.nodeType||S.isXMLDoc(e))){for(a=ve(c),r=0,i=(o=ve(e)).length;r<i;r++){s=o[r],u=a[r],void 0,"input"===(l=u.nodeName.toLowerCase())&&pe.test(s.type)?u.checked=s.checked:"input"!==l&&"textarea"!==l||(u.defaultValue=s.defaultValue)}}if(t){if(n){for(o=o||ve(e),a=a||ve(c),r=0,i=o.length;r<i;r++){Oe(o[r],a[r])}}else{Oe(e,c)}}return 0<(a=ve(c,"script")).length&&ye(a,!f&&ve(e,"script")),c},cleanData:function(e){for(var t,n,r,i=S.event.special,o=0;void 0!==(n=e[o]);o++){if(V(n)){if(t=n[Y.expando]){if(t.events){for(r in t.events){i[r]?S.event.remove(n,r):S.removeEvent(n,r,t.handle)}}n[Y.expando]=void 0}n[Q.expando]&&(n[Q.expando]=void 0)}}}}),S.fn.extend({detach:function(e){return Re(this,e,!0)},remove:function(e){return Re(this,e)},text:function(e){return $(this,function(e){return void 0===e?S.text(this):this.empty().each(function(){1!==this.nodeType&&11!==this.nodeType&&9!==this.nodeType||(this.textContent=e)})},null,e,arguments.length)},append:function(){return Pe(this,arguments,function(e){1!==this.nodeType&&11!==this.nodeType&&9!==this.nodeType||qe(this,e).appendChild(e)})},prepend:function(){return Pe(this,arguments,function(e){if(1===this.nodeType||11===this.nodeType||9===this.nodeType){var t=qe(this,e);t.insertBefore(e,t.firstChild)}})},before:function(){return Pe(this,arguments,function(e){this.parentNode&&this.parentNode.insertBefore(e,this)})},after:function(){return Pe(this,arguments,function(e){this.parentNode&&this.parentNode.insertBefore(e,this.nextSibling)})},empty:function(){for(var e,t=0;null!=(e=this[t]);t++){1===e.nodeType&&(S.cleanData(ve(e,!1)),e.textContent="")}return this},clone:function(e,t){return e=null!=e&&e,t=null==t?e:t,this.map(function(){return S.clone(this,e,t)})},html:function(e){return $(this,function(e){var t=this[0]||{},n=0,r=this.length;if(void 0===e&&1===t.nodeType){return t.innerHTML}if("string"==typeof e&&!Ne.test(e)&&!ge[(de.exec(e)||["",""])[1].toLowerCase()]){e=S.htmlPrefilter(e);try{for(;n<r;n++){1===(t=this[n]||{}).nodeType&&(S.cleanData(ve(t,!1)),t.innerHTML=e)}t=0}catch(e){}}t&&this.empty().append(e)},null,e,arguments.length)},replaceWith:function(){var n=[];return Pe(this,arguments,function(e){var t=this.parentNode;S.inArray(this,n)<0&&(S.cleanData(ve(this)),t&&t.replaceChild(e,this))},n)}}),S.each({appendTo:"append",prependTo:"prepend",insertBefore:"before",insertAfter:"after",replaceAll:"replaceWith"},function(e,a){S.fn[e]=function(e){for(var t,n=[],r=S(e),i=r.length-1,o=0;o<=i;o++){t=o===i?this:this.clone(!0),S(r[o])[a](t),u.apply(n,t.get())}return this.pushStack(n)}});var Me=new RegExp("^("+ee+")(?!px)[a-z%]+$","i"),Ie=function(e){var t=e.ownerDocument.defaultView;return t&&t.opener||(t=C),t.getComputedStyle(e)},We=function(e,t,n){var r,i,o={};for(i in t){o[i]=e.style[i],e.style[i]=t[i]}for(i in r=n.call(e),t){e.style[i]=o[i]}return r},Fe=new RegExp(ne.join("|"),"i");function Be(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a,s=e.style;return(n=n||Ie(e))&&(""!==(a=n.getPropertyValue(t)||n[t])||ie(e)||(a=S.style(e,t)),!y.pixelBoxStyles()&&Me.test(a)&&Fe.test(t)&&(r=s.width,i=s.minWidth,o=s.maxWidth,s.minWidth=s.maxWidth=s.width=a,a=n.width,s.width=r,s.minWidth=i,s.maxWidth=o)),void 0!==a?a+"":a}function $e(e,t){return{get:function(){if(!e()){return(this.get=t).apply(this,arguments)}delete this.get}}}!function(){function e(){if(l){u.style.cssText="position:absolute;left:-11111px;width:60px;margin-top:1px;padding:0;border:0",l.style.cssText="position:relative;display:block;box-sizing:border-box;overflow:scroll;margin:auto;border:1px;padding:1px;width:60%;top:1%",re.appendChild(u).appendChild(l);var e=C.getComputedStyle(l);n="1%"!==e.top,s=12===t(e.marginLeft),l.style.right="60%",o=36===t(e.right),r=36===t(e.width),l.style.position="absolute",i=12===t(l.offsetWidth/3),re.removeChild(u),l=null}}function t(e){return Math.round(parseFloat(e))}var n,r,i,o,a,s,u=E.createElement("div"),l=E.createElement("div");l.style&&(l.style.backgroundClip="content-box",l.cloneNode(!0).style.backgroundClip="",y.clearCloneStyle="content-box"===l.style.backgroundClip,S.extend(y,{boxSizingReliable:function(){return e(),r},pixelBoxStyles:function(){return e(),o},pixelPosition:function(){return e(),n},reliableMarginLeft:function(){return e(),s},scrollboxSize:function(){return e(),i},reliableTrDimensions:function(){var e,t,n,r;return null==a&&(e=E.createElement("table"),t=E.createElement("tr"),n=E.createElement("div"),e.style.cssText="position:absolute;left:-11111px",t.style.height="1px",n.style.height="9px",re.appendChild(e).appendChild(t).appendChild(n),r=C.getComputedStyle(t),a=3<parseInt(r.height),re.removeChild(e)),a}}))}();var _e=["Webkit","Moz","ms"],ze=E.createElement("div").style,Ue={};function Xe(e){var t=S.cssProps[e]||Ue[e];return t||(e in ze?e:Ue[e]=function(e){var t=e[0].toUpperCase()+e.slice(1),n=_e.length;while(n--){if((e=_e[n]+t) in ze){return e}}}(e)||e)}var Ve=/^(none|table(?!-c[ea]).+)/,Ge=/^--/,Ye={position:"absolute",visibility:"hidden",display:"block"},Qe={letterSpacing:"0",fontWeight:"400"};function Je(e,t,n){var r=te.exec(t);return r?Math.max(0,r[2]-(n||0))+(r[3]||"px"):t}function Ke(e,t,n,r,i,o){var a="width"===t?1:0,s=0,u=0;if(n===(r?"border":"content")){return 0}for(;a<4;a+=2){"margin"===n&&(u+=S.css(e,n+ne[a],!0,i)),r?("content"===n&&(u-=S.css(e,"padding"+ne[a],!0,i)),"margin"!==n&&(u-=S.css(e,"border"+ne[a]+"Width",!0,i))):(u+=S.css(e,"padding"+ne[a],!0,i),"padding"!==n?u+=S.css(e,"border"+ne[a]+"Width",!0,i):s+=S.css(e,"border"+ne[a]+"Width",!0,i))}return !r&&0<=o&&(u+=Math.max(0,Math.ceil(e["offset"+t[0].toUpperCase()+t.slice(1)]-o-u-s-0.5))||0),u}function Ze(e,t,n){var r=Ie(e),i=(!y.boxSizingReliable()||n)&&"border-box"===S.css(e,"boxSizing",!1,r),o=i,a=Be(e,t,r),s="offset"+t[0].toUpperCase()+t.slice(1);if(Me.test(a)){if(!n){return a}a="auto"}return(!y.boxSizingReliable()&&i||!y.reliableTrDimensions()&&A(e,"tr")||"auto"===a||!parseFloat(a)&&"inline"===S.css(e,"display",!1,r))&&e.getClientRects().length&&(i="border-box"===S.css(e,"boxSizing",!1,r),(o=s in e)&&(a=e[s])),(a=parseFloat(a)||0)+Ke(e,t,n||(i?"border":"content"),o,r,a)+"px"}function et(e,t,n,r,i){return new et.prototype.init(e,t,n,r,i)}S.extend({cssHooks:{opacity:{get:function(e,t){if(t){var n=Be(e,"opacity");return""===n?"1":n}}}},cssNumber:{animationIterationCount:!0,columnCount:!0,fillOpacity:!0,flexGrow:!0,flexShrink:!0,fontWeight:!0,gridArea:!0,gridColumn:!0,gridColumnEnd:!0,gridColumnStart:!0,gridRow:!0,gridRowEnd:!0,gridRowStart:!0,lineHeight:!0,opacity:!0,order:!0,orphans:!0,widows:!0,zIndex:!0,zoom:!0},cssProps:{},style:function(e,t,n,r){if(e&&3!==e.nodeType&&8!==e.nodeType&&e.style){var i,o,a,s=X(t),u=Ge.test(t),l=e.style;if(u||(t=Xe(s)),a=S.cssHooks[t]||S.cssHooks[s],void 0===n){return a&&"get" in a&&void 0!==(i=a.get(e,!1,r))?i:l[t]}"string"===(o=typeof n)&&(i=te.exec(n))&&i[1]&&(n=se(e,t,i),o="number"),null!=n&&n==n&&("number"!==o||u||(n+=i&&i[3]||(S.cssNumber[s]?"":"px")),y.clearCloneStyle||""!==n||0!==t.indexOf("background")||(l[t]="inherit"),a&&"set" in a&&void 0===(n=a.set(e,n,r))||(u?l.setProperty(t,n):l[t]=n))}},css:function(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a,s=X(t);return Ge.test(t)||(t=Xe(s)),(a=S.cssHooks[t]||S.cssHooks[s])&&"get" in a&&(i=a.get(e,!0,n)),void 0===i&&(i=Be(e,t,r)),"normal"===i&&t in Qe&&(i=Qe[t]),""===n||n?(o=parseFloat(i),!0===n||isFinite(o)?o||0:i):i}}),S.each(["height","width"],function(e,u){S.cssHooks[u]={get:function(e,t,n){if(t){return !Ve.test(S.css(e,"display"))||e.getClientRects().length&&e.getBoundingClientRect().width?Ze(e,u,n):We(e,Ye,function(){return Ze(e,u,n)})}},set:function(e,t,n){var r,i=Ie(e),o=!y.scrollboxSize()&&"absolute"===i.position,a=(o||n)&&"border-box"===S.css(e,"boxSizing",!1,i),s=n?Ke(e,u,n,a,i):0;return a&&o&&(s-=Math.ceil(e["offset"+u[0].toUpperCase()+u.slice(1)]-parseFloat(i[u])-Ke(e,u,"border",!1,i)-0.5)),s&&(r=te.exec(t))&&"px"!==(r[3]||"px")&&(e.style[u]=t,t=S.css(e,u)),Je(0,t,s)}}}),S.cssHooks.marginLeft=$e(y.reliableMarginLeft,function(e,t){if(t){return(parseFloat(Be(e,"marginLeft"))||e.getBoundingClientRect().left-We(e,{marginLeft:0},function(){return e.getBoundingClientRect().left}))+"px"}}),S.each({margin:"",padding:"",border:"Width"},function(i,o){S.cssHooks[i+o]={expand:function(e){for(var t=0,n={},r="string"==typeof e?e.split(" "):[e];t<4;t++){n[i+ne[t]+o]=r[t]||r[t-2]||r[0]}return n}},"margin"!==i&&(S.cssHooks[i+o].set=Je)}),S.fn.extend({css:function(e,t){return $(this,function(e,t,n){var r,i,o={},a=0;if(Array.isArray(t)){for(r=Ie(e),i=t.length;a<i;a++){o[t[a]]=S.css(e,t[a],!1,r)}return o}return void 0!==n?S.style(e,t,n):S.css(e,t)},e,t,1<arguments.length)}}),((S.Tween=et).prototype={constructor:et,init:function(e,t,n,r,i,o){this.elem=e,this.prop=n,this.easing=i||S.easing._default,this.options=t,this.start=this.now=this.cur(),this.end=r,this.unit=o||(S.cssNumber[n]?"":"px")},cur:function(){var e=et.propHooks[this.prop];return e&&e.get?e.get(this):et.propHooks._default.get(this)},run:function(e){var t,n=et.propHooks[this.prop];return this.options.duration?this.pos=t=S.easing[this.easing](e,this.options.duration*e,0,1,this.options.duration):this.pos=t=e,this.now=(this.end-this.start)*t+this.start,this.options.step&&this.options.step.call(this.elem,this.now,this),n&&n.set?n.set(this):et.propHooks._default.set(this),this}}).init.prototype=et.prototype,(et.propHooks={_default:{get:function(e){var t;return 1!==e.elem.nodeType||null!=e.elem[e.prop]&&null==e.elem.style[e.prop]?e.elem[e.prop]:(t=S.css(e.elem,e.prop,""))&&"auto"!==t?t:0},set:function(e){S.fx.step[e.prop]?S.fx.step[e.prop](e):1!==e.elem.nodeType||!S.cssHooks[e.prop]&&null==e.elem.style[Xe(e.prop)]?e.elem[e.prop]=e.now:S.style(e.elem,e.prop,e.now+e.unit)}}}).scrollTop=et.propHooks.scrollLeft={set:function(e){e.elem.nodeType&&e.elem.parentNode&&(e.elem[e.prop]=e.now)}},S.easing={linear:function(e){return e},swing:function(e){return 0.5-Math.cos(e*Math.PI)/2},_default:"swing"},S.fx=et.prototype.init,S.fx.step={};var tt,nt,rt,it,ot=/^(?:toggle|show|hide)$/,at=/queueHooks$/;function st(){nt&&(!1===E.hidden&&C.requestAnimationFrame?C.requestAnimationFrame(st):C.setTimeout(st,S.fx.interval),S.fx.tick())}function ut(){return C.setTimeout(function(){tt=void 0}),tt=Date.now()}function lt(e,t){var n,r=0,i={height:e};for(t=t?1:0;r<4;r+=2-t){i["margin"+(n=ne[r])]=i["padding"+n]=e}return t&&(i.opacity=i.width=e),i}function ct(e,t,n){for(var r,i=(ft.tweeners[t]||[]).concat(ft.tweeners["*"]),o=0,a=i.length;o<a;o++){if(r=i[o].call(n,t,e)){return r}}}function ft(o,e,t){var n,a,r=0,i=ft.prefilters.length,s=S.Deferred().always(function(){delete u.elem}),u=function(){if(a){return !1}for(var e=tt||ut(),t=Math.max(0,l.startTime+l.duration-e),n=1-(t/l.duration||0),r=0,i=l.tweens.length;r<i;r++){l.tweens[r].run(n)}return s.notifyWith(o,[l,n,t]),n<1&&i?t:(i||s.notifyWith(o,[l,1,0]),s.resolveWith(o,[l]),!1)},l=s.promise({elem:o,props:S.extend({},e),opts:S.extend(!0,{specialEasing:{},easing:S.easing._default},t),originalProperties:e,originalOptions:t,startTime:tt||ut(),duration:t.duration,tweens:[],createTween:function(e,t){var n=S.Tween(o,l.opts,e,t,l.opts.specialEasing[e]||l.opts.easing);return l.tweens.push(n),n},stop:function(e){var t=0,n=e?l.tweens.length:0;if(a){return this}for(a=!0;t<n;t++){l.tweens[t].run(1)}return e?(s.notifyWith(o,[l,1,0]),s.resolveWith(o,[l,e])):s.rejectWith(o,[l,e]),this}}),c=l.props;for(!function(e,t){var n,r,i,o,a;for(n in e){if(i=t[r=X(n)],o=e[n],Array.isArray(o)&&(i=o[1],o=e[n]=o[0]),n!==r&&(e[r]=o,delete e[n]),(a=S.cssHooks[r])&&"expand" in a){for(n in o=a.expand(o),delete e[r],o){n in e||(e[n]=o[n],t[n]=i)}}else{t[r]=i}}}(c,l.opts.specialEasing);r<i;r++){if(n=ft.prefilters[r].call(l,o,c,l.opts)){return m(n.stop)&&(S._queueHooks(l.elem,l.opts.queue).stop=n.stop.bind(n)),n}}return S.map(c,ct,l),m(l.opts.start)&&l.opts.start.call(o,l),l.progress(l.opts.progress).done(l.opts.done,l.opts.complete).fail(l.opts.fail).always(l.opts.always),S.fx.timer(S.extend(u,{elem:o,anim:l,queue:l.opts.queue})),l}S.Animation=S.extend(ft,{tweeners:{"*":[function(e,t){var n=this.createTween(e,t);return se(n.elem,e,te.exec(t),n),n}]},tweener:function(e,t){m(e)?(t=e,e=["*"]):e=e.match(P);for(var n,r=0,i=e.length;r<i;r++){n=e[r],ft.tweeners[n]=ft.tweeners[n]||[],ft.tweeners[n].unshift(t)}},prefilters:[function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a,s,u,l,c,f="width" in t||"height" in t,p=this,d={},h=e.style,g=e.nodeType&&ae(e),v=Y.get(e,"fxshow");for(r in n.queue||(null==(a=S._queueHooks(e,"fx")).unqueued&&(a.unqueued=0,s=a.empty.fire,a.empty.fire=function(){a.unqueued||s()}),a.unqueued++,p.always(function(){p.always(function(){a.unqueued--,S.queue(e,"fx").length||a.empty.fire()})})),t){if(i=t[r],ot.test(i)){if(delete t[r],o=o||"toggle"===i,i===(g?"hide":"show")){if("show"!==i||!v||void 0===v[r]){continue}g=!0}d[r]=v&&v[r]||S.style(e,r)}}if((u=!S.isEmptyObject(t))||!S.isEmptyObject(d)){for(r in f&&1===e.nodeType&&(n.overflow=[h.overflow,h.overflowX,h.overflowY],null==(l=v&&v.display)&&(l=Y.get(e,"display")),"none"===(c=S.css(e,"display"))&&(l?c=l:(le([e],!0),l=e.style.display||l,c=S.css(e,"display"),le([e]))),("inline"===c||"inline-block"===c&&null!=l)&&"none"===S.css(e,"float")&&(u||(p.done(function(){h.display=l}),null==l&&(c=h.display,l="none"===c?"":c)),h.display="inline-block")),n.overflow&&(h.overflow="hidden",p.always(function(){h.overflow=n.overflow[0],h.overflowX=n.overflow[1],h.overflowY=n.overflow[2]})),u=!1,d){u||(v?"hidden" in v&&(g=v.hidden):v=Y.access(e,"fxshow",{display:l}),o&&(v.hidden=!g),g&&le([e],!0),p.done(function(){for(r in g||le([e]),Y.remove(e,"fxshow"),d){S.style(e,r,d[r])}})),u=ct(g?v[r]:0,r,p),r in v||(v[r]=u.start,g&&(u.end=u.start,u.start=0))}}}],prefilter:function(e,t){t?ft.prefilters.unshift(e):ft.prefilters.push(e)}}),S.speed=function(e,t,n){var r=e&&"object"==typeof e?S.extend({},e):{complete:n||!n&&t||m(e)&&e,duration:e,easing:n&&t||t&&!m(t)&&t};return S.fx.off?r.duration=0:"number"!=typeof r.duration&&(r.duration in S.fx.speeds?r.duration=S.fx.speeds[r.duration]:r.duration=S.fx.speeds._default),null!=r.queue&&!0!==r.queue||(r.queue="fx"),r.old=r.complete,r.complete=function(){m(r.old)&&r.old.call(this),r.queue&&S.dequeue(this,r.queue)},r},S.fn.extend({fadeTo:function(e,t,n,r){return this.filter(ae).css("opacity",0).show().end().animate({opacity:t},e,n,r)},animate:function(t,e,n,r){var i=S.isEmptyObject(t),o=S.speed(e,n,r),a=function(){var e=ft(this,S.extend({},t),o);(i||Y.get(this,"finish"))&&e.stop(!0)};return a.finish=a,i||!1===o.queue?this.each(a):this.queue(o.queue,a)},stop:function(i,e,o){var a=function(e){var t=e.stop;delete e.stop,t(o)};return"string"!=typeof i&&(o=e,e=i,i=void 0),e&&this.queue(i||"fx",[]),this.each(function(){var e=!0,t=null!=i&&i+"queueHooks",n=S.timers,r=Y.get(this);if(t){r[t]&&r[t].stop&&a(r[t])}else{for(t in r){r[t]&&r[t].stop&&at.test(t)&&a(r[t])}}for(t=n.length;t--;){n[t].elem!==this||null!=i&&n[t].queue!==i||(n[t].anim.stop(o),e=!1,n.splice(t,1))}!e&&o||S.dequeue(this,i)})},finish:function(a){return !1!==a&&(a=a||"fx"),this.each(function(){var e,t=Y.get(this),n=t[a+"queue"],r=t[a+"queueHooks"],i=S.timers,o=n?n.length:0;for(t.finish=!0,S.queue(this,a,[]),r&&r.stop&&r.stop.call(this,!0),e=i.length;e--;){i[e].elem===this&&i[e].queue===a&&(i[e].anim.stop(!0),i.splice(e,1))}for(e=0;e<o;e++){n[e]&&n[e].finish&&n[e].finish.call(this)}delete t.finish})}}),S.each(["toggle","show","hide"],function(e,r){var i=S.fn[r];S.fn[r]=function(e,t,n){return null==e||"boolean"==typeof e?i.apply(this,arguments):this.animate(lt(r,!0),e,t,n)}}),S.each({slideDown:lt("show"),slideUp:lt("hide"),slideToggle:lt("toggle"),fadeIn:{opacity:"show"},fadeOut:{opacity:"hide"},fadeToggle:{opacity:"toggle"}},function(e,r){S.fn[e]=function(e,t,n){return this.animate(r,e,t,n)}}),S.timers=[],S.fx.tick=function(){var e,t=0,n=S.timers;for(tt=Date.now();t<n.length;t++){(e=n[t])()||n[t]!==e||n.splice(t--,1)}n.length||S.fx.stop(),tt=void 0},S.fx.timer=function(e){S.timers.push(e),S.fx.start()},S.fx.interval=13,S.fx.start=function(){nt||(nt=!0,st())},S.fx.stop=function(){nt=null},S.fx.speeds={slow:600,fast:200,_default:400},S.fn.delay=function(r,e){return r=S.fx&&S.fx.speeds[r]||r,e=e||"fx",this.queue(e,function(e,t){var n=C.setTimeout(e,r);t.stop=function(){C.clearTimeout(n)}})},rt=E.createElement("input"),it=E.createElement("select").appendChild(E.createElement("option")),rt.type="checkbox",y.checkOn=""!==rt.value,y.optSelected=it.selected,(rt=E.createElement("input")).value="t",rt.type="radio",y.radioValue="t"===rt.value;var pt,dt=S.expr.attrHandle;S.fn.extend({attr:function(e,t){return $(this,S.attr,e,t,1<arguments.length)},removeAttr:function(e){return this.each(function(){S.removeAttr(this,e)})}}),S.extend({attr:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o=e.nodeType;if(3!==o&&8!==o&&2!==o){return"undefined"==typeof e.getAttribute?S.prop(e,t,n):(1===o&&S.isXMLDoc(e)||(i=S.attrHooks[t.toLowerCase()]||(S.expr.match.bool.test(t)?pt:void 0)),void 0!==n?null===n?void S.removeAttr(e,t):i&&"set" in i&&void 0!==(r=i.set(e,n,t))?r:(e.setAttribute(t,n+""),n):i&&"get" in i&&null!==(r=i.get(e,t))?r:null==(r=S.find.attr(e,t))?void 0:r)}},attrHooks:{type:{set:function(e,t){if(!y.radioValue&&"radio"===t&&A(e,"input")){var n=e.value;return e.setAttribute("type",t),n&&(e.value=n),t}}}},removeAttr:function(e,t){var n,r=0,i=t&&t.match(P);if(i&&1===e.nodeType){while(n=i[r++]){e.removeAttribute(n)}}}}),pt={set:function(e,t,n){return !1===t?S.removeAttr(e,n):e.setAttribute(n,n),n}},S.each(S.expr.match.bool.source.match(/\w+/g),function(e,t){var a=dt[t]||S.find.attr;dt[t]=function(e,t,n){var r,i,o=t.toLowerCase();return n||(i=dt[o],dt[o]=r,r=null!=a(e,t,n)?o:null,dt[o]=i),r}});var ht=/^(?:input|select|textarea|button)$/i,gt=/^(?:a|area)$/i;function vt(e){return(e.match(P)||[]).join(" ")}function yt(e){return e.getAttribute&&e.getAttribute("class")||""}function mt(e){return Array.isArray(e)?e:"string"==typeof e&&e.match(P)||[]}S.fn.extend({prop:function(e,t){return $(this,S.prop,e,t,1<arguments.length)},removeProp:function(e){return this.each(function(){delete this[S.propFix[e]||e]})}}),S.extend({prop:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o=e.nodeType;if(3!==o&&8!==o&&2!==o){return 1===o&&S.isXMLDoc(e)||(t=S.propFix[t]||t,i=S.propHooks[t]),void 0!==n?i&&"set" in i&&void 0!==(r=i.set(e,n,t))?r:e[t]=n:i&&"get" in i&&null!==(r=i.get(e,t))?r:e[t]}},propHooks:{tabIndex:{get:function(e){var t=S.find.attr(e,"tabindex");return t?parseInt(t,10):ht.test(e.nodeName)||gt.test(e.nodeName)&&e.href?0:-1}}},propFix:{"for":"htmlFor","class":"className"}}),y.optSelected||(S.propHooks.selected={get:function(e){var t=e.parentNode;return t&&t.parentNode&&t.parentNode.selectedIndex,null},set:function(e){var t=e.parentNode;t&&(t.selectedIndex,t.parentNode&&t.parentNode.selectedIndex)}}),S.each(["tabIndex","readOnly","maxLength","cellSpacing","cellPadding","rowSpan","colSpan","useMap","frameBorder","contentEditable"],function(){S.propFix[this.toLowerCase()]=this}),S.fn.extend({addClass:function(t){var e,n,r,i,o,a,s,u=0;if(m(t)){return this.each(function(e){S(this).addClass(t.call(this,e,yt(this)))})}if((e=mt(t)).length){while(n=this[u++]){if(i=yt(n),r=1===n.nodeType&&" "+vt(i)+" "){a=0;while(o=e[a++]){r.indexOf(" "+o+" ")<0&&(r+=o+" ")}i!==(s=vt(r))&&n.setAttribute("class",s)}}}return this},removeClass:function(t){var e,n,r,i,o,a,s,u=0;if(m(t)){return this.each(function(e){S(this).removeClass(t.call(this,e,yt(this)))})}if(!arguments.length){return this.attr("class","")}if((e=mt(t)).length){while(n=this[u++]){if(i=yt(n),r=1===n.nodeType&&" "+vt(i)+" "){a=0;while(o=e[a++]){while(-1<r.indexOf(" "+o+" ")){r=r.replace(" "+o+" "," ")}}i!==(s=vt(r))&&n.setAttribute("class",s)}}}return this},toggleClass:function(i,t){var o=typeof i,a="string"===o||Array.isArray(i);return"boolean"==typeof t&&a?t?this.addClass(i):this.removeClass(i):m(i)?this.each(function(e){S(this).toggleClass(i.call(this,e,yt(this),t),t)}):this.each(function(){var e,t,n,r;if(a){t=0,n=S(this),r=mt(i);while(e=r[t++]){n.hasClass(e)?n.removeClass(e):n.addClass(e)}}else{void 0!==i&&"boolean"!==o||((e=yt(this))&&Y.set(this,"__className__",e),this.setAttribute&&this.setAttribute("class",e||!1===i?"":Y.get(this,"__className__")||""))}})},hasClass:function(e){var t,n,r=0;t=" "+e+" ";while(n=this[r++]){if(1===n.nodeType&&-1<(" "+vt(yt(n))+" ").indexOf(t)){return !0}}return !1}});var xt=/\r/g;S.fn.extend({val:function(n){var r,e,i,t=this[0];return arguments.length?(i=m(n),this.each(function(e){var t;1===this.nodeType&&(null==(t=i?n.call(this,e,S(this).val()):n)?t="":"number"==typeof t?t+="":Array.isArray(t)&&(t=S.map(t,function(e){return null==e?"":e+""})),(r=S.valHooks[this.type]||S.valHooks[this.nodeName.toLowerCase()])&&"set" in r&&void 0!==r.set(this,t,"value")||(this.value=t))})):t?(r=S.valHooks[t.type]||S.valHooks[t.nodeName.toLowerCase()])&&"get" in r&&void 0!==(e=r.get(t,"value"))?e:"string"==typeof(e=t.value)?e.replace(xt,""):null==e?"":e:void 0}}),S.extend({valHooks:{option:{get:function(e){var t=S.find.attr(e,"value");return null!=t?t:vt(S.text(e))}},select:{get:function(e){var t,n,r,i=e.options,o=e.selectedIndex,a="select-one"===e.type,s=a?null:[],u=a?o+1:i.length;for(r=o<0?u:a?o:0;r<u;r++){if(((n=i[r]).selected||r===o)&&!n.disabled&&(!n.parentNode.disabled||!A(n.parentNode,"optgroup"))){if(t=S(n).val(),a){return t}s.push(t)}}return s},set:function(e,t){var n,r,i=e.options,o=S.makeArray(t),a=i.length;while(a--){((r=i[a]).selected=-1<S.inArray(S.valHooks.option.get(r),o))&&(n=!0)}return n||(e.selectedIndex=-1),o}}}}),S.each(["radio","checkbox"],function(){S.valHooks[this]={set:function(e,t){if(Array.isArray(t)){return e.checked=-1<S.inArray(S(e).val(),t)}}},y.checkOn||(S.valHooks[this].get=function(e){return null===e.getAttribute("value")?"on":e.value})}),y.focusin="onfocusin" in C;var bt=/^(?:focusinfocus|focusoutblur)$/,wt=function(e){e.stopPropagation()};S.extend(S.event,{trigger:function(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a,s,u,l,c,f,p=[n||E],d=v.call(e,"type")?e.type:e,h=v.call(e,"namespace")?e.namespace.split("."):[];if(o=f=a=n=n||E,3!==n.nodeType&&8!==n.nodeType&&!bt.test(d+S.event.triggered)&&(-1<d.indexOf(".")&&(d=(h=d.split(".")).shift(),h.sort()),u=d.indexOf(":")<0&&"on"+d,(e=e[S.expando]?e:new S.Event(d,"object"==typeof e&&e)).isTrigger=r?2:3,e.namespace=h.join("."),e.rnamespace=e.namespace?new RegExp("(^|\\.)"+h.join("\\.(?:.*\\.|)")+"(\\.|$)"):null,e.result=void 0,e.target||(e.target=n),t=null==t?[e]:S.makeArray(t,[e]),c=S.event.special[d]||{},r||!c.trigger||!1!==c.trigger.apply(n,t))){if(!r&&!c.noBubble&&!x(n)){for(s=c.delegateType||d,bt.test(s+d)||(o=o.parentNode);o;o=o.parentNode){p.push(o),a=o}a===(n.ownerDocument||E)&&p.push(a.defaultView||a.parentWindow||C)}i=0;while((o=p[i++])&&!e.isPropagationStopped()){f=o,e.type=1<i?s:c.bindType||d,(l=(Y.get(o,"events")||Object.create(null))[e.type]&&Y.get(o,"handle"))&&l.apply(o,t),(l=u&&o[u])&&l.apply&&V(o)&&(e.result=l.apply(o,t),!1===e.result&&e.preventDefault())}return e.type=d,r||e.isDefaultPrevented()||c._default&&!1!==c._default.apply(p.pop(),t)||!V(n)||u&&m(n[d])&&!x(n)&&((a=n[u])&&(n[u]=null),S.event.triggered=d,e.isPropagationStopped()&&f.addEventListener(d,wt),n[d](),e.isPropagationStopped()&&f.removeEventListener(d,wt),S.event.triggered=void 0,a&&(n[u]=a)),e.result}},simulate:function(e,t,n){var r=S.extend(new S.Event,n,{type:e,isSimulated:!0});S.event.trigger(r,null,t)}}),S.fn.extend({trigger:function(e,t){return this.each(function(){S.event.trigger(e,t,this)})},triggerHandler:function(e,t){var n=this[0];if(n){return S.event.trigger(e,t,n,!0)}}}),y.focusin||S.each({focus:"focusin",blur:"focusout"},function(n,r){var i=function(e){S.event.simulate(r,e.target,S.event.fix(e))};S.event.special[r]={setup:function(){var e=this.ownerDocument||this.document||this,t=Y.access(e,r);t||e.addEventListener(n,i,!0),Y.access(e,r,(t||0)+1)},teardown:function(){var e=this.ownerDocument||this.document||this,t=Y.access(e,r)-1;t?Y.access(e,r,t):(e.removeEventListener(n,i,!0),Y.remove(e,r))}}});var Tt=C.location,Ct={guid:Date.now()},Et=/\?/;S.parseXML=function(e){var t;if(!e||"string"!=typeof e){return null}try{t=(new C.DOMParser).parseFromString(e,"text/xml")}catch(e){t=void 0}return t&&!t.getElementsByTagName("parsererror").length||S.error("Invalid XML: "+e),t};var St=/\[\]$/,kt=/\r?\n/g,At=/^(?:submit|button|image|reset|file)$/i,Nt=/^(?:input|select|textarea|keygen)/i;function Dt(n,e,r,i){var t;if(Array.isArray(e)){S.each(e,function(e,t){r||St.test(n)?i(n,t):Dt(n+"["+("object"==typeof t&&null!=t?e:"")+"]",t,r,i)})}else{if(r||"object"!==w(e)){i(n,e)}else{for(t in e){Dt(n+"["+t+"]",e[t],r,i)}}}}S.param=function(e,t){var n,r=[],i=function(e,t){var n=m(t)?t():t;r[r.length]=encodeURIComponent(e)+"="+encodeURIComponent(null==n?"":n)};if(null==e){return""}if(Array.isArray(e)||e.jquery&&!S.isPlainObject(e)){S.each(e,function(){i(this.name,this.value)})}else{for(n in e){Dt(n,e[n],t,i)}}return r.join("&")},S.fn.extend({serialize:function(){return S.param(this.serializeArray())},serializeArray:function(){return this.map(function(){var e=S.prop(this,"elements");return e?S.makeArray(e):this}).filter(function(){var e=this.type;return this.name&&!S(this).is(":disabled")&&Nt.test(this.nodeName)&&!At.test(e)&&(this.checked||!pe.test(e))}).map(function(e,t){var n=S(this).val();return null==n?null:Array.isArray(n)?S.map(n,function(e){return{name:t.name,value:e.replace(kt,"\r\n")}}):{name:t.name,value:n.replace(kt,"\r\n")}}).get()}});var jt=/%20/g,qt=/#.*$/,Lt=/([?&])_=[^&]*/,Ht=/^(.*?):[ \t]*([^\r\n]*)$/gm,Ot=/^(?:GET|HEAD)$/,Pt=/^\/\//,Rt={},Mt={},It="*/".concat("*"),Wt=E.createElement("a");function Ft(o){return function(e,t){"string"!=typeof e&&(t=e,e="*");var n,r=0,i=e.toLowerCase().match(P)||[];if(m(t)){while(n=i[r++]){"+"===n[0]?(n=n.slice(1)||"*",(o[n]=o[n]||[]).unshift(t)):(o[n]=o[n]||[]).push(t)}}}}function Bt(t,i,o,a){var s={},u=t===Mt;function l(e){var r;return s[e]=!0,S.each(t[e]||[],function(e,t){var n=t(i,o,a);return"string"!=typeof n||u||s[n]?u?!(r=n):void 0:(i.dataTypes.unshift(n),l(n),!1)}),r}return l(i.dataTypes[0])||!s["*"]&&l("*")}function $t(e,t){var n,r,i=S.ajaxSettings.flatOptions||{};for(n in t){void 0!==t[n]&&((i[n]?e:r||(r={}))[n]=t[n])}return r&&S.extend(!0,e,r),e}Wt.href=Tt.href,S.extend({active:0,lastModified:{},etag:{},ajaxSettings:{url:Tt.href,type:"GET",isLocal:/^(?:about|app|app-storage|.+-extension|file|res|widget):$/.test(Tt.protocol),global:!0,processData:!0,async:!0,contentType:"application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8",accepts:{"*":It,text:"text/plain",html:"text/html",xml:"application/xml, text/xml",json:"application/json, text/javascript"},contents:{xml:/\bxml\b/,html:/\bhtml/,json:/\bjson\b/},responseFields:{xml:"responseXML",text:"responseText",json:"responseJSON"},converters:{"* text":String,"text html":!0,"text json":JSON.parse,"text xml":S.parseXML},flatOptions:{url:!0,context:!0}},ajaxSetup:function(e,t){return t?$t($t(e,S.ajaxSettings),t):$t(S.ajaxSettings,e)},ajaxPrefilter:Ft(Rt),ajaxTransport:Ft(Mt),ajax:function(e,t){"object"==typeof e&&(t=e,e=void 0),t=t||{};var c,f,p,n,d,r,h,g,i,o,v=S.ajaxSetup({},t),y=v.context||v,m=v.context&&(y.nodeType||y.jquery)?S(y):S.event,x=S.Deferred(),b=S.Callbacks("once memory"),w=v.statusCode||{},a={},s={},u="canceled",T={readyState:0,getResponseHeader:function(e){var t;if(h){if(!n){n={};while(t=Ht.exec(p)){n[t[1].toLowerCase()+" "]=(n[t[1].toLowerCase()+" "]||[]).concat(t[2])}}t=n[e.toLowerCase()+" "]}return null==t?null:t.join(", ")},getAllResponseHeaders:function(){return h?p:null},setRequestHeader:function(e,t){return null==h&&(e=s[e.toLowerCase()]=s[e.toLowerCase()]||e,a[e]=t),this},overrideMimeType:function(e){return null==h&&(v.mimeType=e),this},statusCode:function(e){var t;if(e){if(h){T.always(e[T.status])}else{for(t in e){w[t]=[w[t],e[t]]}}}return this},abort:function(e){var t=e||u;return c&&c.abort(t),l(0,t),this}};if(x.promise(T),v.url=((e||v.url||Tt.href)+"").replace(Pt,Tt.protocol+"//"),v.type=t.method||t.type||v.method||v.type,v.dataTypes=(v.dataType||"*").toLowerCase().match(P)||[""],null==v.crossDomain){r=E.createElement("a");try{r.href=v.url,r.href=r.href,v.crossDomain=Wt.protocol+"//"+Wt.host!=r.protocol+"//"+r.host}catch(e){v.crossDomain=!0}}if(v.data&&v.processData&&"string"!=typeof v.data&&(v.data=S.param(v.data,v.traditional)),Bt(Rt,v,t,T),h){return T}for(i in (g=S.event&&v.global)&&0==S.active++&&S.event.trigger("ajaxStart"),v.type=v.type.toUpperCase(),v.hasContent=!Ot.test(v.type),f=v.url.replace(qt,""),v.hasContent?v.data&&v.processData&&0===(v.contentType||"").indexOf("application/x-www-form-urlencoded")&&(v.data=v.data.replace(jt,"+")):(o=v.url.slice(f.length),v.data&&(v.processData||"string"==typeof v.data)&&(f+=(Et.test(f)?"&":"?")+v.data,delete v.data),!1===v.cache&&(f=f.replace(Lt,"$1"),o=(Et.test(f)?"&":"?")+"_="+Ct.guid+++o),v.url=f+o),v.ifModified&&(S.lastModified[f]&&T.setRequestHeader("If-Modified-Since",S.lastModified[f]),S.etag[f]&&T.setRequestHeader("If-None-Match",S.etag[f])),(v.data&&v.hasContent&&!1!==v.contentType||t.contentType)&&T.setRequestHeader("Content-Type",v.contentType),T.setRequestHeader("Accept",v.dataTypes[0]&&v.accepts[v.dataTypes[0]]?v.accepts[v.dataTypes[0]]+("*"!==v.dataTypes[0]?", "+It+"; q=0.01":""):v.accepts["*"]),v.headers){T.setRequestHeader(i,v.headers[i])}if(v.beforeSend&&(!1===v.beforeSend.call(y,T,v)||h)){return T.abort()}if(u="abort",b.add(v.complete),T.done(v.success),T.fail(v.error),c=Bt(Mt,v,t,T)){if(T.readyState=1,g&&m.trigger("ajaxSend",[T,v]),h){return T}v.async&&0<v.timeout&&(d=C.setTimeout(function(){T.abort("timeout")},v.timeout));try{h=!1,c.send(a,l)}catch(e){if(h){throw e}l(-1,e)}}else{l(-1,"No Transport")}function l(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a,s,u,l=t;h||(h=!0,d&&C.clearTimeout(d),c=void 0,p=r||"",T.readyState=0<e?4:0,i=200<=e&&e<300||304===e,n&&(s=function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a,s=e.contents,u=e.dataTypes;while("*"===u[0]){u.shift(),void 0===r&&(r=e.mimeType||t.getResponseHeader("Content-Type"))}if(r){for(i in s){if(s[i]&&s[i].test(r)){u.unshift(i);break}}}if(u[0] in n){o=u[0]}else{for(i in n){if(!u[0]||e.converters[i+" "+u[0]]){o=i;break}a||(a=i)}o=o||a}if(o){return o!==u[0]&&u.unshift(o),n[o]}}(v,T,n)),!i&&-1<S.inArray("script",v.dataTypes)&&(v.converters["text script"]=function(){}),s=function(e,t,n,r){var i,o,a,s,u,l={},c=e.dataTypes.slice();if(c[1]){for(a in e.converters){l[a.toLowerCase()]=e.converters[a]}}o=c.shift();while(o){if(e.responseFields[o]&&(n[e.responseFields[o]]=t),!u&&r&&e.dataFilter&&(t=e.dataFilter(t,e.dataType)),u=o,o=c.shift()){if("*"===o){o=u}else{if("*"!==u&&u!==o){if(!(a=l[u+" "+o]||l["* "+o])){for(i in l){if((s=i.split(" "))[1]===o&&(a=l[u+" "+s[0]]||l["* "+s[0]])){!0===a?a=l[i]:!0!==l[i]&&(o=s[0],c.unshift(s[1]));break}}}if(!0!==a){if(a&&e["throws"]){t=a(t)}else{try{t=a(t)}catch(e){return{state:"parsererror",error:a?e:"No conversion from "+u+" to "+o}}}}}}}}return{state:"success",data:t}}(v,s,T,i),i?(v.ifModified&&((u=T.getResponseHeader("Last-Modified"))&&(S.lastModified[f]=u),(u=T.getResponseHeader("etag"))&&(S.etag[f]=u)),204===e||"HEAD"===v.type?l="nocontent":304===e?l="notmodified":(l=s.state,o=s.data,i=!(a=s.error))):(a=l,!e&&l||(l="error",e<0&&(e=0))),T.status=e,T.statusText=(t||l)+"",i?x.resolveWith(y,[o,l,T]):x.rejectWith(y,[T,l,a]),T.statusCode(w),w=void 0,g&&m.trigger(i?"ajaxSuccess":"ajaxError",[T,v,i?o:a]),b.fireWith(y,[T,l]),g&&(m.trigger("ajaxComplete",[T,v]),--S.active||S.event.trigger("ajaxStop")))}return T},getJSON:function(e,t,n){return S.get(e,t,n,"json")},getScript:function(e,t){return S.get(e,void 0,t,"script")}}),S.each(["get","post"],function(e,i){S[i]=function(e,t,n,r){return m(t)&&(r=r||n,n=t,t=void 0),S.ajax(S.extend({url:e,type:i,dataType:r,data:t,success:n},S.isPlainObject(e)&&e))}}),S.ajaxPrefilter(function(e){var t;for(t in e.headers){"content-type"===t.toLowerCase()&&(e.contentType=e.headers[t]||"")}}),S._evalUrl=function(e,t,n){return S.ajax({url:e,type:"GET",dataType:"script",cache:!0,async:!1,global:!1,converters:{"text script":function(){}},dataFilter:function(e){S.globalEval(e,t,n)}})},S.fn.extend({wrapAll:function(e){var t;return this[0]&&(m(e)&&(e=e.call(this[0])),t=S(e,this[0].ownerDocument).eq(0).clone(!0),this[0].parentNode&&t.insertBefore(this[0]),t.map(function(){var e=this;while(e.firstElementChild){e=e.firstElementChild}return e}).append(this)),this},wrapInner:function(n){return m(n)?this.each(function(e){S(this).wrapInner(n.call(this,e))}):this.each(function(){var e=S(this),t=e.contents();t.length?t.wrapAll(n):e.append(n)})},wrap:function(t){var n=m(t);return this.each(function(e){S(this).wrapAll(n?t.call(this,e):t)})},unwrap:function(e){return this.parent(e).not("body").each(function(){S(this).replaceWith(this.childNodes)}),this}}),S.expr.pseudos.hidden=function(e){return !S.expr.pseudos.visible(e)},S.expr.pseudos.visible=function(e){return !!(e.offsetWidth||e.offsetHeight||e.getClientRects().length)},S.ajaxSettings.xhr=function(){try{return new C.XMLHttpRequest}catch(e){}};var _t={0:200,1223:204},zt=S.ajaxSettings.xhr();y.cors=!!zt&&"withCredentials" in zt,y.ajax=zt=!!zt,S.ajaxTransport(function(i){var o,a;if(y.cors||zt&&!i.crossDomain){return{send:function(e,t){var n,r=i.xhr();if(r.open(i.type,i.url,i.async,i.username,i.password),i.xhrFields){for(n in i.xhrFields){r[n]=i.xhrFields[n]}}for(n in i.mimeType&&r.overrideMimeType&&r.overrideMimeType(i.mimeType),i.crossDomain||e["X-Requested-With"]||(e["X-Requested-With"]="XMLHttpRequest"),e){r.setRequestHeader(n,e[n])}o=function(e){return function(){o&&(o=a=r.onload=r.onerror=r.onabort=r.ontimeout=r.onreadystatechange=null,"abort"===e?r.abort():"error"===e?"number"!=typeof r.status?t(0,"error"):t(r.status,r.statusText):t(_t[r.status]||r.status,r.statusText,"text"!==(r.responseType||"text")||"string"!=typeof r.responseText?{binary:r.response}:{text:r.responseText},r.getAllResponseHeaders()))}},r.onload=o(),a=r.onerror=r.ontimeout=o("error"),void 0!==r.onabort?r.onabort=a:r.onreadystatechange=function(){4===r.readyState&&C.setTimeout(function(){o&&a()})},o=o("abort");try{r.send(i.hasContent&&i.data||null)}catch(e){if(o){throw e}}},abort:function(){o&&o()}}}}),S.ajaxPrefilter(function(e){e.crossDomain&&(e.contents.script=!1)}),S.ajaxSetup({accepts:{script:"text/javascript, application/javascript, application/ecmascript, application/x-ecmascript"},contents:{script:/\b(?:java|ecma)script\b/},converters:{"text script":function(e){return S.globalEval(e),e}}}),S.ajaxPrefilter("script",function(e){void 0===e.cache&&(e.cache=!1),e.crossDomain&&(e.type="GET")}),S.ajaxTransport("script",function(n){var r,i;if(n.crossDomain||n.scriptAttrs){return{send:function(e,t){r=S("<script>").attr(n.scriptAttrs||{}).prop({charset:n.scriptCharset,src:n.url}).on("load error",i=function(e){r.remove(),i=null,e&&t("error"===e.type?404:200,e.type)}),E.head.appendChild(r[0])},abort:function(){i&&i()}}}});var Ut,Xt=[],Vt=/(=)\?(?=&|$)|\?\?/;S.ajaxSetup({jsonp:"callback",jsonpCallback:function(){var e=Xt.pop()||S.expando+"_"+Ct.guid++;return this[e]=!0,e}}),S.ajaxPrefilter("json jsonp",function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a=!1!==e.jsonp&&(Vt.test(e.url)?"url":"string"==typeof e.data&&0===(e.contentType||"").indexOf("application/x-www-form-urlencoded")&&Vt.test(e.data)&&"data");if(a||"jsonp"===e.dataTypes[0]){return r=e.jsonpCallback=m(e.jsonpCallback)?e.jsonpCallback():e.jsonpCallback,a?e[a]=e[a].replace(Vt,"$1"+r):!1!==e.jsonp&&(e.url+=(Et.test(e.url)?"&":"?")+e.jsonp+"="+r),e.converters["script json"]=function(){return o||S.error(r+" was not called"),o[0]},e.dataTypes[0]="json",i=C[r],C[r]=function(){o=arguments},n.always(function(){void 0===i?S(C).removeProp(r):C[r]=i,e[r]&&(e.jsonpCallback=t.jsonpCallback,Xt.push(r)),o&&m(i)&&i(o[0]),o=i=void 0}),"script"}}),y.createHTMLDocument=((Ut=E.implementation.createHTMLDocument("").body).innerHTML="<form></form><form></form>",2===Ut.childNodes.length),S.parseHTML=function(e,t,n){return"string"!=typeof e?[]:("boolean"==typeof t&&(n=t,t=!1),t||(y.createHTMLDocument?((r=(t=E.implementation.createHTMLDocument("")).createElement("base")).href=E.location.href,t.head.appendChild(r)):t=E),o=!n&&[],(i=N.exec(e))?[t.createElement(i[1])]:(i=xe([e],t,o),o&&o.length&&S(o).remove(),S.merge([],i.childNodes)));var r,i,o},S.fn.load=function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a=this,s=e.indexOf(" ");return -1<s&&(r=vt(e.slice(s)),e=e.slice(0,s)),m(t)?(n=t,t=void 0):t&&"object"==typeof t&&(i="POST"),0<a.length&&S.ajax({url:e,type:i||"GET",dataType:"html",data:t}).done(function(e){o=arguments,a.html(r?S("<div>").append(S.parseHTML(e)).find(r):e)}).always(n&&function(e,t){a.each(function(){n.apply(this,o||[e.responseText,t,e])})}),this},S.expr.pseudos.animated=function(t){return S.grep(S.timers,function(e){return t===e.elem}).length},S.offset={setOffset:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o,a,s,u,l=S.css(e,"position"),c=S(e),f={};"static"===l&&(e.style.position="relative"),s=c.offset(),o=S.css(e,"top"),u=S.css(e,"left"),("absolute"===l||"fixed"===l)&&-1<(o+u).indexOf("auto")?(a=(r=c.position()).top,i=r.left):(a=parseFloat(o)||0,i=parseFloat(u)||0),m(t)&&(t=t.call(e,n,S.extend({},s))),null!=t.top&&(f.top=t.top-s.top+a),null!=t.left&&(f.left=t.left-s.left+i),"using" in t?t.using.call(e,f):("number"==typeof f.top&&(f.top+="px"),"number"==typeof f.left&&(f.left+="px"),c.css(f))}},S.fn.extend({offset:function(t){if(arguments.length){return void 0===t?this:this.each(function(e){S.offset.setOffset(this,t,e)})}var e,n,r=this[0];return r?r.getClientRects().length?(e=r.getBoundingClientRect(),n=r.ownerDocument.defaultView,{top:e.top+n.pageYOffset,left:e.left+n.pageXOffset}):{top:0,left:0}:void 0},position:function(){if(this[0]){var e,t,n,r=this[0],i={top:0,left:0};if("fixed"===S.css(r,"position")){t=r.getBoundingClientRect()}else{t=this.offset(),n=r.ownerDocument,e=r.offsetParent||n.documentElement;while(e&&(e===n.body||e===n.documentElement)&&"static"===S.css(e,"position")){e=e.parentNode}e&&e!==r&&1===e.nodeType&&((i=S(e).offset()).top+=S.css(e,"borderTopWidth",!0),i.left+=S.css(e,"borderLeftWidth",!0))}return{top:t.top-i.top-S.css(r,"marginTop",!0),left:t.left-i.left-S.css(r,"marginLeft",!0)}}},offsetParent:function(){return this.map(function(){var e=this.offsetParent;while(e&&"static"===S.css(e,"position")){e=e.offsetParent}return e||re})}}),S.each({scrollLeft:"pageXOffset",scrollTop:"pageYOffset"},function(t,i){var o="pageYOffset"===i;S.fn[t]=function(e){return $(this,function(e,t,n){var r;if(x(e)?r=e:9===e.nodeType&&(r=e.defaultView),void 0===n){return r?r[i]:e[t]}r?r.scrollTo(o?r.pageXOffset:n,o?n:r.pageYOffset):e[t]=n},t,e,arguments.length)}}),S.each(["top","left"],function(e,n){S.cssHooks[n]=$e(y.pixelPosition,function(e,t){if(t){return t=Be(e,n),Me.test(t)?S(e).position()[n]+"px":t}})}),S.each({Height:"height",Width:"width"},function(a,s){S.each({padding:"inner"+a,content:s,"":"outer"+a},function(r,o){S.fn[o]=function(e,t){var n=arguments.length&&(r||"boolean"!=typeof e),i=r||(!0===e||!0===t?"margin":"border");return $(this,function(e,t,n){var r;return x(e)?0===o.indexOf("outer")?e["inner"+a]:e.document.documentElement["client"+a]:9===e.nodeType?(r=e.documentElement,Math.max(e.body["scroll"+a],r["scroll"+a],e.body["offset"+a],r["offset"+a],r["client"+a])):void 0===n?S.css(e,t,i):S.style(e,t,n,i)},s,n?e:void 0,n)}})}),S.each(["ajaxStart","ajaxStop","ajaxComplete","ajaxError","ajaxSuccess","ajaxSend"],function(e,t){S.fn[t]=function(e){return this.on(t,e)}}),S.fn.extend({bind:function(e,t,n){return this.on(e,null,t,n)},unbind:function(e,t){return this.off(e,null,t)},delegate:function(e,t,n,r){return this.on(t,e,n,r)},undelegate:function(e,t,n){return 1===arguments.length?this.off(e,"**"):this.off(t,e||"**",n)},hover:function(e,t){return this.mouseenter(e).mouseleave(t||e)}}),S.each("blur focus focusin focusout resize scroll click dblclick mousedown mouseup mousemove mouseover mouseout mouseenter mouseleave change select submit keydown keypress keyup contextmenu".split(" "),function(e,n){S.fn[n]=function(e,t){return 0<arguments.length?this.on(n,null,e,t):this.trigger(n)}});var Gt=/^[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+|[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+$/g;S.proxy=function(e,t){var n,r,i;if("string"==typeof t&&(n=e[t],t=e,e=n),m(e)){return r=s.call(arguments,2),(i=function(){return e.apply(t||this,r.concat(s.call(arguments)))}).guid=e.guid=e.guid||S.guid++,i}},S.holdReady=function(e){e?S.readyWait++:S.ready(!0)},S.isArray=Array.isArray,S.parseJSON=JSON.parse,S.nodeName=A,S.isFunction=m,S.isWindow=x,S.camelCase=X,S.type=w,S.now=Date.now,S.isNumeric=function(e){var t=S.type(e);return("number"===t||"string"===t)&&!isNaN(e-parseFloat(e))},S.trim=function(e){return null==e?"":(e+"").replace(Gt,"")},"function"==typeof define&&define.amd&&define("jquery",[],function(){return S});var Yt=C.jQuery,Qt=C.$;return S.noConflict=function(e){return C.$===S&&(C.$=Qt),e&&C.jQuery===S&&(C.jQuery=Yt),S},"undefined"==typeof e&&(C.jQuery=C.$=S),S});</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/theme_japantimes/js/premium/hmac-sha.js?v=4.8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/theme_japantimes/js/premium/md5.js?v=4.8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/theme_japantimes/js/premium/enc-base64.js?v=4.8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/theme_japantimes/js/premium/piano_jt.js?v=4.8"></script> <style> .staticHC{ border-top:none !important; padding-top:0 !important; } .staticHCtitle h1{ font-size:32px !important; line-height:145% !important; } @media (max-width: 991px) { .staticHCtitle h1{ font-size:24px !important; } } </style> <script type="text/javascript"> // check window width and determine device type var deviceType = function() { console.log("loaded deviceType()"); var mobileMaxWidth = 610; var tabletMaxWidth = 1000; var w = jQuery( window ).width(); var type = 'mobile'; if ( w > mobileMaxWidth && w < tabletMaxWidth ) { type = 'tablet'; } else if ( w > tabletMaxWidth ) { type = 'desktop'; } return type; }(); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // these ads should be loaded always googletag = window.googletag || {cmd: []}; googletag.cmd.push( function() { googletag.pubads().enableAsyncRendering(); googletag.defineSlot('/4973089/JT-Supplements-slider1', [300, 250], 'div-gpt-ad-1545378846364-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/4973089/JT-Supplements-block1', ['fluid'], 'div-gpt-ad-1545377720996-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/4973089/JT-Supplements-block2', ['fluid'], 'div-gpt-ad-1545377819100-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/4973089/JT-Supplements-block3', ['fluid'], 'div-gpt-ad-1545377905854-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/4973089/JT-Supplements-block4', ['fluid'], 'div-gpt-ad-1545378016685-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/4973089/JT-Supplements-block5', ['fluid'], 'div-gpt-ad-1545378526968-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/4973089/JT-Supplements-block6', ['fluid'], 'div-gpt-ad-1545378615238-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/4973089/JT-Supplements-block7', ['fluid'], 'div-gpt-ad-1545378710149-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/4973089/JT-Supplements-block8', ['fluid'], 'div-gpt-ad-1545378782983-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/4973089/JT-Education-banner', [270, 40], 'div-gpt-ad-1545377501993-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/4973089/JT-NationalDay-banner', [270, 40], 'div-gpt-ad-1545377579422-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); } ); </script> <!-- Piano --> <script type="text/javascript"> ( function ( src ) { var a = document.createElement( 'script' ); a.type = 'text/javascript'; a.async = true; a.src = src; var b = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; b.parentNode.insertBefore( a, b ) } )( "//experience-ap.piano.io/xbuilder/experience/load?aid=bWOWSdhXpj" ); </script> <!-- End Piano --> <!--Piano's ad block detection script--> <script> document.cookie = '__adblocker=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT; path=/'; var setNptTechAdblockerCookie = function( adblocker ) { var d = new Date(); d.setTime( d.getTime() + 60 * 5 * 1000 ); document.cookie = '__adblocker=' + ( adblocker ? 'true' : 'false' ) + '; expires=' + d.toUTCString() + '; path=/'; }; var script = document.createElement( 'script' ); script.setAttribute( 'async', true ); script.setAttribute( 'src', '//www.npttech.com/advertising.js' ); script.setAttribute( 'onerror', 'setNptTechAdblockerCookie(true);' ); document.getElementsByTagName( 'head' )[0].appendChild( script ); </script> <input type="hidden" id="chartbeat_uid" value="TmpVMk5UZz0=" /> <input type="hidden" id="chartbeat_sections" value="" /> <input type="hidden" id="chartbeat_authors" value="" /> <input type="hidden" id="chartbeat_type" value="" /> <script> var _sf_async_config = _sf_async_config || {}; _sf_async_config.sections = ""; _sf_async_config.authors = ""; (function() { function loadChartbeat() { window._sf_endpt = (new Date()).getTime(); var e = document.createElement('script'); e.setAttribute('language', 'javascript'); e.setAttribute('type', 'text/javascript'); e.setAttribute('src', '//static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js'); document.body.appendChild(e); } var oldonload = window.onload; window.onload = (typeof window.onload != 'function') ? loadChartbeat : function() { oldonload(); loadChartbeat(); }; })(); </script> <style> *,*::before,*::after{box-sizing:border-box}body{margin:0}.container{width:100%;padding-right:8px;padding-left:8px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto}@media(min-width:576px){.container{max-width:540px}}@media(min-width:769px){.container{max-width:720px}}@media(min-width:992px){.container{max-width:960px}}@media(min-width:1200px){.container{max-width:1210px}}.container-fluid{width:100%;padding-right:8px;padding-left:8px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto}.row{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-right:-8px;margin-left:-8px}.col-1,.col-2,.col-3,.col-4,.col-5,.col-6,.col-7,.col-8,.col-9,.col-10,.col-11,.col-12,.col,.col-auto,.col-sm-1,.col-sm-2,.col-sm-3,.col-sm-4,.col-sm-5,.col-sm-6,.col-sm-7,.col-sm-8,.col-sm-9,.col-sm-10,.col-sm-11,.col-sm-12,.col-sm,.col-sm-auto,.col-md-1,.col-md-2,.col-md-3,.col-md-4,.col-md-5,.col-md-6,.col-md-7,.col-md-8,.col-md-9,.col-md-10,.col-md-11,.col-md-12,.col-md,.col-md-auto,.col-lg-1,.col-lg-2,.col-lg-3,.col-lg-4,.col-lg-5,.col-lg-6,.col-lg-7,.col-lg-8,.col-lg-9,.col-lg-10,.col-lg-11,.col-lg-12,.col-lg,.col-lg-auto,.col-xl-1,.col-xl-2,.col-xl-3,.col-xl-4,.col-xl-5,.col-xl-6,.col-xl-7,.col-xl-8,.col-xl-9,.col-xl-10,.col-xl-11,.col-xl-12,.col-xl,.col-xl-auto{position:relative;width:100%;padding-right:8px;padding-left:8px}.col{-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;max-width:100%}.col-auto{-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;width:auto;max-width:100%}.col-1{-ms-flex:0 0 8.333333%;flex:0 0 8.333333%;max-width:8.333333%}.col-2{-ms-flex:0 0 16.666667%;flex:0 0 16.666667%;max-width:16.666667%}.col-3{-ms-flex:0 0 25%;flex:0 0 25%;max-width:25%}.col-4{-ms-flex:0 0 33.333333%;flex:0 0 33.333333%;max-width:33.333333%}.col-5{-ms-flex:0 0 41.666667%;flex:0 0 41.666667%;max-width:41.666667%}.col-6{-ms-flex:0 0 50%;flex:0 0 50%;max-width:50%}.col-7{-ms-flex:0 0 58.333333%;flex:0 0 58.333333%;max-width:58.333333%}.col-8{-ms-flex:0 0 66.666667%;flex:0 0 66.666667%;max-width:66.666667%}.col-9{-ms-flex:0 0 75%;flex:0 0 75%;max-width:75%}.col-10{-ms-flex:0 0 83.333333%;flex:0 0 83.333333%;max-width:83.333333%}.col-11{-ms-flex:0 0 91.666667%;flex:0 0 91.666667%;max-width:91.666667%}.col-12{-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;max-width:100%}@media(min-width:576px){.col-sm{-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;max-width:100%}.col-sm-auto{-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;width:auto;max-width:100%}.col-sm-1{-ms-flex:0 0 8.333333%;flex:0 0 8.333333%;max-width:8.333333%}.col-sm-2{-ms-flex:0 0 16.666667%;flex:0 0 16.666667%;max-width:16.666667%}.col-sm-3{-ms-flex:0 0 25%;flex:0 0 25%;max-width:25%}.col-sm-4{-ms-flex:0 0 33.333333%;flex:0 0 33.333333%;max-width:33.333333%}.col-sm-5{-ms-flex:0 0 41.666667%;flex:0 0 41.666667%;max-width:41.666667%}.col-sm-6{-ms-flex:0 0 50%;flex:0 0 50%;max-width:50%}.col-sm-7{-ms-flex:0 0 58.333333%;flex:0 0 58.333333%;max-width:58.333333%}.col-sm-8{-ms-flex:0 0 66.666667%;flex:0 0 66.666667%;max-width:66.666667%}.col-sm-9{-ms-flex:0 0 75%;flex:0 0 75%;max-width:75%}.col-sm-10{-ms-flex:0 0 83.333333%;flex:0 0 83.333333%;max-width:83.333333%}.col-sm-11{-ms-flex:0 0 91.666667%;flex:0 0 91.666667%;max-width:91.666667%}.col-sm-12{-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;max-width:100%}}@media(min-width:769px){.col-md{-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;max-width:100%}.col-md-auto{-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;width:auto;max-width:100%}.col-md-1{-ms-flex:0 0 8.333333%;flex:0 0 8.333333%;max-width:8.333333%}.col-md-2{-ms-flex:0 0 16.666667%;flex:0 0 16.666667%;max-width:16.666667%}.col-md-3{-ms-flex:0 0 25%;flex:0 0 25%;max-width:25%}.col-md-4{-ms-flex:0 0 33.333333%;flex:0 0 33.333333%;max-width:33.333333%}.col-md-5{-ms-flex:0 0 41.666667%;flex:0 0 41.666667%;max-width:41.666667%}.col-md-6{-ms-flex:0 0 50%;flex:0 0 50%;max-width:50%}.col-md-7{-ms-flex:0 0 58.333333%;flex:0 0 58.333333%;max-width:58.333333%}.col-md-8{-ms-flex:0 0 66.666667%;flex:0 0 66.666667%;max-width:66.666667%}.col-md-9{-ms-flex:0 0 75%;flex:0 0 75%;max-width:75%}.col-md-10{-ms-flex:0 0 83.333333%;flex:0 0 83.333333%;max-width:83.333333%}.col-md-11{-ms-flex:0 0 91.666667%;flex:0 0 91.666667%;max-width:91.666667%}.col-md-12{-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;max-width:100%}}@media(min-width:992px){.col-lg{-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;max-width:100%}.col-lg-auto{-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;width:auto;max-width:100%}.col-lg-1{-ms-flex:0 0 8.333333%;flex:0 0 8.333333%;max-width:8.333333%}.col-lg-2{-ms-flex:0 0 16.666667%;flex:0 0 16.666667%;max-width:16.666667%}.col-lg-3{-ms-flex:0 0 25%;flex:0 0 25%;max-width:25%}.col-lg-4{-ms-flex:0 0 33.333333%;flex:0 0 33.333333%;max-width:33.333333%}.col-lg-5{-ms-flex:0 0 41.666667%;flex:0 0 41.666667%;max-width:41.666667%}.col-lg-6{-ms-flex:0 0 50%;flex:0 0 50%;max-width:50%}.col-lg-7{-ms-flex:0 0 58.333333%;flex:0 0 58.333333%;max-width:58.333333%}.col-lg-8{-ms-flex:0 0 66.666667%;flex:0 0 66.666667%;max-width:66.666667%}.col-lg-9{-ms-flex:0 0 75%;flex:0 0 75%;max-width:75%}.col-lg-10{-ms-flex:0 0 83.333333%;flex:0 0 83.333333%;max-width:83.333333%}.col-lg-11{-ms-flex:0 0 91.666667%;flex:0 0 91.666667%;max-width:91.666667%}.col-lg-12{-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;max-width:100%}}@media(min-width:1200px){.col-xl{-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;max-width:100%}.col-xl-auto{-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;width:auto;max-width:100%}.col-xl-1{-ms-flex:0 0 8.333333%;flex:0 0 8.333333%;max-width:8.333333%}.col-xl-2{-ms-flex:0 0 16.666667%;flex:0 0 16.666667%;max-width:16.666667%}.col-xl-3{-ms-flex:0 0 25%;flex:0 0 25%;max-width:25%}.col-xl-4{-ms-flex:0 0 33.333333%;flex:0 0 33.333333%;max-width:33.333333%}.col-xl-5{-ms-flex:0 0 41.666667%;flex:0 0 41.666667%;max-width:41.666667%}.col-xl-6{-ms-flex:0 0 50%;flex:0 0 50%;max-width:50%}.col-xl-7{-ms-flex:0 0 58.333333%;flex:0 0 58.333333%;max-width:58.333333%}.col-xl-8{-ms-flex:0 0 66.666667%;flex:0 0 66.666667%;max-width:66.666667%}.col-xl-9{-ms-flex:0 0 75%;flex:0 0 75%;max-width:75%}.col-xl-10{-ms-flex:0 0 83.333333%;flex:0 0 83.333333%;max-width:83.333333%}.col-xl-11{-ms-flex:0 0 91.666667%;flex:0 0 91.666667%;max-width:91.666667%}.col-xl-12{-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;max-width:100%}}.nav{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;list-style:none}.nav-link{display:block;padding:.5rem 1rem}.nav-link:hover,.nav-link:focus{text-decoration:none}.nav-link.disabled{color:#6c757d;pointer-events:none;cursor:default}.nav-tabs{border-bottom:1px solid #dee2e6}.nav-tabs .nav-item{margin-bottom:-1px}.nav-tabs .nav-link{border:1px solid transparent;border-top-left-radius:.25rem;border-top-right-radius:.25rem}.nav-tabs .nav-link:hover,.nav-tabs .nav-link:focus{border-color:#e9ecef #e9ecef #dee2e6}.nav-tabs .nav-link.disabled{color:#6c757d;background-color:transparent;border-color:transparent}.nav-tabs .nav-link.active,.nav-tabs .nav-item.show .nav-link{color:#495057;background-color:#fff;border-color:#dee2e6 #dee2e6 #fff}.nav-tabs .dropdown-menu{margin-top:-1px;border-top-left-radius:0;border-top-right-radius:0}.nav-pills .nav-link{border-radius:.25rem}.nav-pills .nav-link.active,.nav-pills .show>.nav-link{color:#fff;background-color:#007bff}.nav-fill .nav-item{-ms-flex:1 1 auto;flex:1 1 auto;text-align:center}.nav-justified .nav-item{-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;text-align:center}.tab-content>.tab-pane{display:none}.tab-content>.active{display:block}.navbar{position:relative;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;padding:.5rem 1rem}.navbar>.container,.navbar>.container-fluid{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between}.navbar-brand{display:inline-block;padding-top:.3125rem;padding-bottom:.3125rem;margin-right:1rem;font-size:1.25rem;line-height:inherit;white-space:nowrap}.navbar-brand:hover,.navbar-brand:focus{text-decoration:none}.navbar-nav{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;list-style:none}.navbar-nav .nav-link{padding-right:0;padding-left:0}.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu{position:static;float:none}.navbar-text{display:inline-block;padding-top:.5rem;padding-bottom:.5rem}.navbar-collapse{-ms-flex-preferred-size:100%;flex-basis:100%;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center}.navbar-toggler{padding:.25rem .75rem;font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1;background-color:transparent;border:1px solid transparent;border-radius:.25rem}.navbar-toggler:hover,.navbar-toggler:focus{text-decoration:none}.navbar-toggler-icon{display:inline-block;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;vertical-align:middle;content:"";background:no-repeat center center;background-size:100% 100%}@media(max-width:575.98px){.navbar-expand-sm>.container,.navbar-expand-sm>.container-fluid{padding-right:0;padding-left:0}}@media(min-width:576px){.navbar-expand-sm{-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-nav{-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu{position:absolute}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-nav .nav-link{padding-right:.5rem;padding-left:.5rem}.navbar-expand-sm>.container,.navbar-expand-sm>.container-fluid{-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-collapse{display:-ms-flexbox!important;display:flex!important;-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto;flex-basis:auto}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-toggler{display:none}}@media(max-width:767.98px){.navbar-expand-md>.container,.navbar-expand-md>.container-fluid{padding-right:0;padding-left:0}}@media(min-width:769px){.navbar-expand-md{-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start}.navbar-expand-md .navbar-nav{-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row}.navbar-expand-md .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu{position:absolute}.navbar-expand-md .navbar-nav .nav-link{padding-right:.5rem;padding-left:.5rem}.navbar-expand-md>.container,.navbar-expand-md>.container-fluid{-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap}.navbar-expand-md .navbar-collapse{display:-ms-flexbox!important;display:flex!important;-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto;flex-basis:auto}.navbar-expand-md .navbar-toggler{display:none}}@media(max-width:991.98px){.navbar-expand-lg>.container,.navbar-expand-lg>.container-fluid{padding-right:0;padding-left:0}}@media(min-width:992px){.navbar-expand-lg{-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start}.navbar-expand-lg .navbar-nav{-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row}.navbar-expand-lg .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu{position:absolute}.navbar-expand-lg .navbar-nav .nav-link{padding-right:.5rem;padding-left:.5rem}.navbar-expand-lg>.container,.navbar-expand-lg>.container-fluid{-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap}.navbar-expand-lg .navbar-collapse{display:-ms-flexbox!important;display:flex!important;-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto;flex-basis:auto}.navbar-expand-lg .navbar-toggler{display:none}}@media(max-width:1199.98px){.navbar-expand-xl>.container,.navbar-expand-xl>.container-fluid{padding-right:0;padding-left:0}}@media(min-width:1200px){.navbar-expand-xl{-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start}.navbar-expand-xl .navbar-nav{-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row}.navbar-expand-xl .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu{position:absolute}.navbar-expand-xl .navbar-nav .nav-link{padding-right:.5rem;padding-left:.5rem}.navbar-expand-xl>.container,.navbar-expand-xl>.container-fluid{-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap}.navbar-expand-xl .navbar-collapse{display:-ms-flexbox!important;display:flex!important;-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto;flex-basis:auto}.navbar-expand-xl .navbar-toggler{display:none}}.navbar-expand{-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start}.navbar-expand>.container,.navbar-expand>.container-fluid{padding-right:0;padding-left:0}.navbar-expand .navbar-nav{-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row}.navbar-expand .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu{position:absolute}.navbar-expand .navbar-nav .nav-link{padding-right:.5rem;padding-left:.5rem}.navbar-expand>.container,.navbar-expand>.container-fluid{-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap}.navbar-expand .navbar-collapse{display:-ms-flexbox!important;display:flex!important;-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto;flex-basis:auto}.navbar-expand .navbar-toggler{display:none}.navbar-light .navbar-brand{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.9)}.navbar-light .navbar-brand:hover,.navbar-light .navbar-brand:focus{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.9)}.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.5)}.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link:hover,.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link:focus{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.7)}.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link.disabled{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.3)}.navbar-light .navbar-nav .show>.nav-link,.navbar-light .navbar-nav .active>.nav-link,.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link.show,.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link.active{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.9)}.navbar-light .navbar-toggler{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.5);border-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.1)}.navbar-light .navbar-toggler-icon{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvgviewBox='003030'xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3e%3cpathstroke='rgba(0,0,0,0.5)'stroke-width='2'stroke-linecap='round'stroke-miterlimit='10'd='M47h22M415h22M423h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e")}.navbar-light .navbar-text{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.5)}.navbar-light .navbar-text a{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.9)}.navbar-light .navbar-text a:hover,.navbar-light .navbar-text a:focus{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.9)}.navbar-dark .navbar-brand{color:#fff}.navbar-dark .navbar-brand:hover,.navbar-dark .navbar-brand:focus{color:#fff}.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link{color:rgba(255,255,255,0.5)}.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link:hover,.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link:focus{color:rgba(255,255,255,0.75)}.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link.disabled{color:rgba(255,255,255,0.25)}.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .show>.nav-link,.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .active>.nav-link,.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link.show,.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link.active{color:#fff}.navbar-dark .navbar-toggler{color:rgba(255,255,255,0.5);border-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.1)}.navbar-dark .navbar-toggler-icon{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvgviewBox='003030'xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3e%3cpathstroke='rgba(255,255,255,0.5)'stroke-width='2'stroke-linecap='round'stroke-miterlimit='10'd='M47h22M415h22M423h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e")}.navbar-dark .navbar-text{color:rgba(255,255,255,0.5)}.navbar-dark .navbar-text a{color:#fff}.navbar-dark .navbar-text a:hover,.navbar-dark .navbar-text a:focus{color:#fff}.owl-carousel,.owl-carousel .owl-item{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent;position:relative}.owl-carousel{display:none;width:100%;z-index:1}.owl-carousel .owl-stage{position:relative;-ms-touch-action:pan-Y;touch-action:manipulation;-moz-backface-visibility:hidden}.owl-carousel .owl-stage:after{content:".";display:block;clear:both;visibility:hidden;line-height:0;height:0}.owl-carousel .owl-stage-outer{position:relative;overflow:hidden;-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,0,0)}.owl-carousel .owl-item,.owl-carousel .owl-wrapper{-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;-moz-backface-visibility:hidden;-ms-backface-visibility:hidden;-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);-moz-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);-ms-transform:translate3d(0,0,0)}.owl-carousel .owl-item{min-height:1px;float:left;-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;-webkit-touch-callout:none}.owl-carousel .owl-item img{display:block;width:100%}.owl-carousel .owl-dots.disabled,.owl-carousel .owl-nav.disabled{display:none}.no-js .owl-carousel,.owl-carousel.owl-loaded{display:block}.owl-carousel .owl-dot,.owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-next,.owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-prev{cursor:pointer;-webkit-user-select:none;-khtml-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none}.owl-carousel .owl-nav button.owl-next,.owl-carousel .owl-nav button.owl-prev,.owl-carousel button.owl-dot{background:0;color:inherit;border:0;padding:0!important;font:inherit}.owl-carousel.owl-loading{opacity:0;display:block}.owl-carousel.owl-hidden{opacity:0}.owl-carousel.owl-refresh .owl-item{visibility:hidden}.owl-carousel.owl-drag .owl-item{-ms-touch-action:pan-y;touch-action:pan-y;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none}.owl-carousel.owl-grab{cursor:move;cursor:grab}.owl-carousel.owl-rtl{direction:rtl}.owl-carousel.owl-rtl .owl-item{float:right}.owl-carousel .animated{animation-duration:1s;animation-fill-mode:both}.owl-carousel .owl-animated-in{z-index:0}.owl-carousel .owl-animated-out{z-index:1}.owl-carousel .fadeOut{animation-name:fadeOut}@keyframes fadeOut{0%{opacity:1}100%{opacity:0}}.owl-height{transition:height .5s ease-in-out}.owl-carousel .owl-item .owl-lazy{opacity:0;transition:opacity .4s ease}.owl-carousel .owl-item .owl-lazy:not([src]),.owl-carousel .owl-item .owl-lazy[src^=""]{max-height:0}.owl-carousel .owl-item img.owl-lazy{transform-style:preserve-3d}.owl-carousel .owl-video-wrapper{position:relative;height:100%;background:#000}.owl-carousel .owl-video-play-icon{position:absolute;height:80px;width:80px;left:50%;top:50%;margin-left:-40px;margin-top:-40px;background:url(owl.video.play.png) no-repeat;cursor:pointer;z-index:1;-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;transition:transform .1s ease}.owl-carousel .owl-video-play-icon:hover{-ms-transform:scale(1.3,1.3);transform:scale(1.3,1.3)}.owl-carousel .owl-video-playing .owl-video-play-icon,.owl-carousel .owl-video-playing .owl-video-tn{display:none}.owl-carousel .owl-video-tn{opacity:0;height:100%;background-position:center center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;transition:opacity .4s ease}.owl-carousel .owl-video-frame{position:relative;z-index:1;height:100%;width:100%}</style> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"> <link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto:wght@300;400;700&display=swap" as="style" onload="this.onload=null;this.rel='stylesheet'" /> <noscript><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto:wght@300;400;700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/></noscript> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/theme_japantimes/css/general-styles.min.css?v=4.8" defer> </head> <body class=" "> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-KR282M" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <input type="hidden" id="APP_URL" value="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/" /> <input id="BASE_URL" type="hidden" value="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/" /> <h1 hidden class="hidden">Trending</h1> <style> .hidden-body{overflow-y: hidden;} header.not-home-header{margin-bottom: 60px;} header .header-ad{background-color: #F7F7F7;} header .header-ad .tableCenter{min-width:728px;min-height: 90px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;margin: 20px auto;} header .header-ad.not-home-page{background-color: #FFFFFF;border-bottom: 1px solid #EFEFEF;} header .header-content{padding-bottom: 16px; padding-top: 16px;} header .header-content .left-col{display: flex;align-items: center;justify-content: flex-start;} header .header-content .left-col .burger-menu{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;margin-left: -7px;margin-right: 10px;cursor: pointer;width:36px;height:36px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;border-radius: 100%;} header .header-content .left-col .burger-menu:hover{background-color: #efefef;} header .header-content .left-col .search-open{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;cursor: pointer;width:36px;height:36px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;border-radius: 100%;} header .header-content .left-col .search-open img{width:16.5px;height:16.5px;} header .header-content .left-col .search-open:hover{background-color: #efefef;} header .weather{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;display: flex;align-items: end;} header .weather:hover{opacity:0.7;} header .weather a{display: contents;} header .weather img{width:45px;} header .weather span{font-family: 'Roboto';font-size: 12px;line-height: 15px; font-weight: 800;color: #000000;} header .header-content .middle-col{text-align: center;} header .header-content .middle-col .today-date{text-transform: uppercase;font-family:'Pluto Sans Regular';font-size: 12px;line-height: 14px;color:#000000;} header .header-content .middle-col .today-date a{color:#000000;} header .header-content .middle-col .slogan{display: flex;align-items: center;justify-content: center;margin-top: 5px;} header .header-content .middle-col .logo{margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 5px;} header .organization_name{text-align: right;color: #999;text-transform: uppercase;font-size: 11px;} header .organization_name.hidden-desktop{display: none;} header .header-content .right-col{display: flex;align-items: center;justify-content: flex-end;} header .header-content .right-col ul{list-style: none;display: flex;align-items: center;justify-content: flex-end;margin: 0px;padding-inline-start: 0px} header .header-content .right-col .subscribe a, header .header-content .right-col .subscribe span{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;cursor:pointer;color: #FFFFFF; background-color: #C8102E;padding: 10px 13px; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: 14px;line-height: 17px;font-family: 'Pluto Sans Bold', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif} /*header .header-content .right-col .subscribe a:hover, header .header-content .right-col .subscribe span:hover{opacity: 0.6;}*/ header .header-content .right-col #user_account_header li{margin-left: 15px;} header .header-content .right-col #user_account_header li.subscribe_info{position: relative} header .header-content .right-col #user_account_header li.subscribe_info .dropdown-content{display: none;position: absolute;width:100%;top:28px;z-index: 1;} header .header-content .right-col #user_account_header li.subscribe_info .dropdown-content a{border-top:1px solid #FFF;display: block;width:100%} header .header-content .right-col #user_account_header li.subscribe_info .dropdown-content a:hover{opacity: 0.6;} header .header-content .right-col #user_account_header li.subscribe_info:hover .dropdown-content{display: block;} header .header-content .right-col #user_account_header li.login{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;margin-right: -7px;width:36px;height:36px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;border-radius: 100%;} header .header-content .right-col #user_account_header li.login:hover{background-color: #efefef;} header .header-content .right-col #user_account_header li.my-account_info{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;margin-right: -7px;width:36px;height:36px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;border-radius: 100%;} header .header-content .right-col #user_account_header li.my-account_info:hover{background-color: #efefef;} header .header-content .right-col .login a{color: #000000;} header .header-content .right-col .my-account_info{cursor: pointer;} header .header-content .right-col .piano-myaccount-logout-button a{color: #000000;} header .header-content .right-col .login img{margin-top: 4px;width:16.7px;height: 17.4px;} header .search-container{background-color: #efefef; max-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box; overflow: hidden; transition: max-height 0.3s, padding 0.3s;} header .search-container.show{max-height: 60px;transition: max-height 0.6s, padding 0.6s;padding-bottom: 14px; padding-top: 14px;} header .search-container .col-md-12{display: flex; align-items: center;justify-content: flex-start;} header .search-container form{ margin-right: 10px;width:250px; background-color: #FFFFFF;display:flex;padding: 6px 12px 4px 17px;border-radius: 20px;} header .search-container form i{font-size: 18px;color:#000000;} header .search-container .form-field{border:none;width:90%;font-family: 'Roboto';font-weight: 400;font-size: 14px;line-height: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.01em;color:#000000;} header .search-container .form-field:focus{border:none;outline:none;} header .search-container .form-field::placeholder, header .search-container .form-field::-webkit-input-placeholder, header .search-container .form-field:-ms-input-placeholder, header .search-container .form-field::-moz-placeholder, header .search-container .form-field:-moz-placeholder{ font-family: 'Roboto';font-weight: 400;font-size: 14px;line-height: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.01em;color:#999999; } header .search-container .btn-submit{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;border:none;background-color: #FFFFFF;cursor:pointer;} header .search-container .btn-submit img{width:16.5px;height: 16.5px;} header .search-container .btn-submit:hover{opacity:0.6;} header .search-container .close-form i{color:#999999;font-size: 21px;cursor: pointer;} header .search-container.sticky-search{position: fixed;width:100%;z-index: 201;top:60px;} header .mobile-date{display:none;} header .hot-topics{margin-bottom: 25px;border-top: 1px solid #efefef; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000;padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px;} header .hot-topics .items{display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;} header .hot-topics .items .separator:nth-child(4){border-left: 2px solid #898989;padding: 0 5px;} header .hot-topics a{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;font-family: 'Roboto';font-size: 15px;line-height: 17px;border-radius: 20px; font-weight: 400;color: #000000;text-transform: uppercase;padding: 4px 15px;} header .hot-topics a:hover{background-color: #efefef;} header .sticky-menu.visible .header-content, header .sticky-menu.always-visible .header-content{padding-top: 5.2px;padding-bottom: 5.2px;} header .sticky-menu.visible .header-content .middle-col .logo, header .sticky-menu.always-visible .header-content .middle-col .logo{margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 5px;} header .sticky-menu.visible .header-content .middle-col .logo img, header .sticky-menu.always-visible .header-content .middle-col .logo img{width: 200px;height: 28.7px;} .BoilingStyle header .sticky-menu.visible .header-content .middle-col .logo img, .BoilingStyle header .sticky-menu.always-visible .header-content .middle-col .logo img{width: 213px;height:37px;} header .sticky-menu.visible{visibility: visible;padding-bottom: 0px; -webkit-transform: translateY(0px); -ms-transform: translateY(0px); transform: translateY(0px);} header .sticky-menu.always-visible{position: fixed;visibility: visible;padding-bottom: 0px; -webkit-transform: translateY(0px); -ms-transform: translateY(0px); transform: translateY(0px);} header .sticky-menu{visibility: hidden; transform: translateY(-70px); border-bottom: 1px solid #000;padding-bottom: 3px; background: #fff; position: fixed; width: 100%; -webkit-transform: translateY(-70px); -ms-transform: translateY(-70px); transform: translateY(-70px); top: 0; left: 0; z-index: 202; -webkit-transition: 0.5s cubic-bezier(0.23,1,0.32,1); transition: 0.5s cubic-bezier(0.23,1,0.32,1);} header .mobile-spacing{display: none;} div.account-data{position: fixed; top:0; right:-320px; background-color: #FFF;width: 320px;z-index: 203;height:100%; transition: .5s;} div.account-data.active{right:0;} div.account-data .logo{padding: 20px 20px 8px 20px;} div.account-data .close-sidebar{float: right;} div.account-data .close-sidebar i{font-size: 20px; color: #999999;cursor: pointer;} div.account-data .actions{padding: 14px 20px 20px 20px;} div.account-data ul{margin: 0px;padding: 0px;} div.account-data ul li{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;border-bottom: 1px solid #999999;width:100%;padding: 12px 10px;list-style: none;} div.account-data ul li:not(:first-child):hover{opacity: 0.5;} div.account-data ul li a:hover{transition: 0.1s; } div.account-data ul li a{font-family: 'Pluto Sans Bold', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17.3px;color: #333;text-transform: uppercase} div.account-data .icon-arrow_forward_ios{float: right;} div.account-data .user-email{padding: 10px 25px 30px 25px;white-space: nowrap;overflow: hidden;text-overflow: ellipsis;font-family: 'Utopia Std', Georgia, "Hiragino Mincho Pro", "Hiragino Mincho", serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 24px;font-weight: 400;color: #000;text-align: center;} div.account-data .user-label{display:block;margin-top: 5px;font-family: 'Roboto'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 16px;font-weight: 400;color: #000;text-align: center;} div.account-data .packages{padding: 30px 0px 20px 0px;} div.account-data .packages a{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;color: #FFFFFF; background-color: #C8102E;padding: 15px 0px; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: 14px;line-height: 17px;font-family:'Pluto Sans Bold', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif ;width: 100%; text-align: center;display: block;} div.account-data .packages a:hover{opacity: 0.6;} sidebar{position: fixed;overflow-y: scroll; -ms-overflow-style: none; scrollbar-width: none;top:0; left:-320px; background-color: #151515;width: 320px;z-index: 203;height:100%; transition: .5s;} sidebar.active{left:0;} sidebar::-webkit-scrollbar {display: none;} #overlay {position: fixed;display: none; width: 100%; height: 100%; top: 0;left: 0;right: 0;bottom: 0;background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5);z-index: 202; cursor: pointer;} #overlay.active{display: block;} sidebar .logo{padding: 20px 20px 15px 20px;position:fixed;width: 320px;background-color: #151515;z-index: 1;} sidebar .logo img{width:165.33px; height: 23.7px;} sidebar .close-sidebar{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;float: right;width:36px;height: 36px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;border-radius: 100%;margin-top: -10px;margin-right: -10px;} sidebar .close-sidebar:hover{background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.2);} sidebar .close-sidebar i{font-size: 18px; color: #999999;cursor: pointer;} sidebar .extra-height{height: 65px;} sidebar .subscribe-section .subscribe-title{color:#FFF;text-transform: uppercase;margin-bottom: 8px;font-size: 14px;line-height: 17px;font-family: 'Pluto Sans Bold', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;} sidebar .subscribe-section .subscribe-btns{display: flex;justify-content: space-between;} sidebar .subscribe-section{padding: 15px 20px 30px 20px;border-bottom: 1px solid #666666;} sidebar .subscribe-section a{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;color: #FFFFFF; background-color: #C8102E;padding: 15px 0px;font-size: 14px;line-height: 17px;font-family: 'Pluto Sans Bold', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; width: 48%; height: 50px; text-align: center;display: block;text-transform: uppercase} sidebar .subscribe-section a:hover{opacity: 0.6;} sidebar .links-section{padding: 25px 20px 15px 20px;border-bottom: 1px solid #666666;} sidebar .links-section p{margin-top: 20px;padding-left: 10px;} sidebar .links-section p.home-delivery{margin-top: 10px;} sidebar .links-section p a{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;text-transform: uppercase;color: #999999;text-decoration: underline;font-family: 'Pluto Sans Regular', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;line-height: 17px;font-weight: 400;} sidebar .links-section p a:hover{color: #FFFFFF;} sidebar .links-section ul{margin: 0px;padding: 0px;} sidebar .links-section ul li{list-style: none;margin-bottom: 5px; background-color: #333333;padding: 10px;cursor: pointer;} sidebar .links-section ul li:hover a{color: #999;} sidebar .links-section ul li a{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;text-transform: uppercase;color:#fff;font-family: 'Roboto';font-size: 15px;line-height: 17px; font-weight: 400;display: block;width: 100%;} sidebar .links-section ul li a::before {content: "";width: 6px;height: 6px; border-radius: 50%; margin-right: 8px;display: inline-block; background-color: #C8102E;} sidebar .menu-section{padding: 15px 20px;} sidebar .menu-section ul.sections{margin: 0px;padding: 0px;} sidebar .menu-section ul.sections i{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;color:#666666; font-size: 19px; float: right;cursor: pointer} sidebar .menu-section ul.sections i:hover{color: #FFFFFF;} sidebar .menu-section ul.sections > li{list-style: none;border-bottom: 1px solid #666666;padding: 16px 10px;} sidebar .menu-section ul.sections > li a:hover{color: #999;} sidebar .menu-section ul.sections > li a{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;color:#FFFFFF;text-transform: uppercase;font-family: 'Pluto Sans Regular', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 16px;line-height: 20px;width: 90%;display: inline-block;font-weight: 500;} sidebar .menu-section ul.subsections{margin: 15px 0px 0px 0px;padding: 0px;} sidebar .menu-section ul.subsections li{list-style: none;padding: 10px 15px;} sidebar .menu-section ul.subsections li a{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;color:#999999;text-transform: uppercase;font-family: 'Pluto Sans Regular', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;line-height: 19px;} sidebar .menu-section ul.subsections li a:hover{color:#FFFFFF;opacity: 1;} sidebar .mobile-search-container{display: none;} @media(min-width: 769px) and (max-width: 991px){ header .hot-topics a{padding: 4px 9px;} } @media(max-width: 768px){ sidebar{width: 90%;left: -90%;} sidebar .logo{width:90%;} div.account-data{width: 90%;right: -90%;} sidebar .mobile-search-container{display: block;margin-top: 15px;} sidebar .mobile-search-container form{border: 1px solid #d9d9d9; width:100%; background-color: #FFFFFF;display:flex;padding: 6px;border-radius: 23px;} sidebar .mobile-search-container form i{font-size: 18px;color:#000000;} sidebar .mobile-search-container .form-field::placeholder, sidebar .mobile-search-container .form-field::-webkit-input-placeholder, sidebar .mobile-search-container .form-field:-ms-input-placeholder, sidebar .mobile-search-container .form-field::-moz-placeholder, sidebar .mobile-search-container .form-field:-moz-placeholder{ font-family: 'Roboto'; } sidebar .mobile-search-container .form-field{border:none;width:90%;font-size: 12px;padding-left: 10px; font-family: 'Roboto'} sidebar .mobile-search-container .form-field:focus{border:none;outline:none;} sidebar .mobile-search-container .btn-submit{border:none;background-color: #FFFFFF;} header{margin-bottom: 20px;} header .header-ad .tableCenter{min-width:320px;min-height: auto;margin:auto;} header .hot-topics{display: none;} header .header-ad.not-home-page{background-color: #F7F7F7;border-bottom: none;} header .sticky-menu{border-bottom: none;} header .header-content .right-col{width: 15%} header .header-content .middle-col{width: 68%} header .header-content .left-col{width: 15%} header .header-content .left-col .burger-menu{margin-left: 7px;height: unset;width: unset;} header .header-content .left-col .search-open{display: none;} header .header-content .left-col .weather{display: none;} header .header-content .middle-col .today-date{display: none;} header .header-content .middle-col .logo img{width: 160px;height:22px;} header .sticky-menu.visible .header-content .middle-col .logo img, header .sticky-menu.always-visible .header-content .middle-col .logo img{width: 160px;height:22px;} .BoilingStyle header .sticky-menu.visible .header-content .middle-col .logo img, .BoilingStyle header .sticky-menu.always-visible .header-content .middle-col .logo img{width: 160px;height:28px;} header .header-content .middle-col .slogan img{width: 40%;} header .header-content .middle-col .logo{margin-top: 0px;margin-bottom: -6px;} header .header-content{padding-bottom: 9px;padding-top: 3px;} header .organization_name.hidden-mobile{display: none;} header .organization_name.hidden-desktop{display: flex;background-color: #ddd;padding: 7px 0px;align-items: center;justify-content: center;} header .mobile-spacing{display: block;height: 7px;} header .header-content .right-col #user_account_header li.login{height: unset;width: unset;margin-right: 0px;} header .header-content .right-col .subscribe{display: none;} header .header-content .right-col .login i{font-size: 19px;} header .header-content .right-col .login img{margin-right: 4px;} header .header-content .right-col #user_account_header li.my-account_info{height: unset;width: unset;margin-right: 0px;} header .header-content .right-col .my-account_info img{margin-top: -4px;margin-right: 0px;} header .mobile-date{display:block; text-align: center; background-color: #EFEFEF; text-transform: uppercase;font-family:'Pluto Sans Regular';font-size: 10px;line-height: 12px;font-weight: 400;color:#000000;padding: 6px;} header .mobile-date a{color:#000000;} header .sticky-menu.visible .header-content, header .sticky-menu.always-visible .header-content{padding-bottom: 10px;padding-top: 1px;} header .sticky-menu.visible .header-content .mobile-spacing, header .sticky-menu.always-visible .header-content .mobile-spacing{height: 12px;} header .sticky-menu.visible .header-content .middle-col .logo, header .sticky-menu.always-visible .header-content .middle-col .logo{margin-top: 0px;margin-bottom: 0px;} header .sticky-menu.visible .header-content .middle-col, header .sticky-menu.always-visible .header-content .middle-col{display: flex;align-items: center;justify-content: center;} header .header-content .right-col #user_account_header li.login:hover{background-color: transparent;} header.not-home-header{margin-bottom: 30px;} header.not-home-header .mobile-date{display: none;} } </style> <header class="not-home-header no-print"> <div class="sticky-menu always-visible"> <div class="header-content"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 organization_name hidden hidden-desktop"></div> <div class="mobile-spacing">&nbsp;</div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 left-col"> <div class="burger-menu" onclick="toggleSidebar()"> <img src="/theme_japantimes/images/burger_icon.svg" alt="Menu" /> </div> <div class="search-open"> <img src="/theme_japantimes/images/search_icon.svg" alt="Search" /> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 middle-col"> <div class="logo"> <a href='/' title="The Japan Times"> <img src="/theme_japantimes/images/logo.svg" alt="The Japan Times" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 right-col"> <ul id="user_account_header"> <li class="subscribe subscribe_info hidden"> <a href="/sub/" title="Subscribe" id="m_piano-register-button">Subscribe <i class="icon-chevron-down"></i></a> <div class="dropdown-content"> <a href="/sub/" id="header-subscribe-btn-d" title="Digital Subscribe">Digital</a> <a href="/sub/print/" id="header-subscribe-btn-p" title="Print Subscribe">Print</a> </div> </li> <li class="login login_info hidden"> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="piano-login-button" title="Login"> <img src="/theme_japantimes/images/user_icon.svg" alt="Login" height="20" width="19" /> </a> </li> <li class="my-account_info hidden" onclick="toggleAccountInfo()"><img src="/theme_japantimes/images/loggedin_icon.svg" height="30" width="30" alt="My Account" /></li> </ul> <div class="organization_name hidden hidden-mobile"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="search-container"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <form class="holder-search" method="GET" action="/search" id="headerSearchForm"> <input class="form-field" type="text" placeholder="Search" name="query" autocomplete="off" id="query" required> <button class="btn-submit" type="submit"><span class="search" id="toggleSearch"><img src="/theme_japantimes/images/search_icon.svg" alt="Search" /></span></button> </form> <div class="close-form"><i class="icon-close"></i></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="adjust-space">&nbsp;</div> <div class="header-ad DisplayAd not-home-page"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="tableCenter" id="header_ad_id"> <div id="" class="get_ad"> <script> var id_map = { "mobile": "div-gpt-ad-1362126290726-1", "tablet": "div-gpt-ad-1362125825102-1", "desktop": "div-gpt-ad-1362125114269-1" } var header_ad_id = id_map[deviceType] || id_map["mobile"]; jQuery('#header_ad_id .get_ad').attr('id', header_ad_id); googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display(header_ad_id); }); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mobile-date"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"><a href="/archive/2024/11/29/" title="archive page">November 29, 2024</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div id="overlay"></div> <sidebar class="no-print"> <div class="logo"> <a href="/" title="The Japan Times"><img src="/theme_japantimes/images/logo-white-2.png" alt="The Japan Times"> </a> <div class="close-sidebar" onclick="toggleSidebar()"><i class="icon-close"></i></div> </div> <div class="extra-height">&nbsp;</div> <div class="subscribe-section"> <div class="subscribe-info-btns"> <p class="subscribe-title">Subscribe</p> <div class="subscribe-btns"> <a href="/sub/" id="hb-subscribe-btn-d" title="Digital Subscribe">Digital</a> <a href="/sub/print/" id="hb-subscribe-btn-p" title="Print Subscribe">Print</a> </div> </div> <div class="mobile-search-container"> <form class="holder-search" method="GET" action="/search" id="headerSearchForm"> <input class="form-field" type="text" placeholder="Search" name="query" autocomplete="off" id="query" required> <button class="btn-submit" type="submit"><span class="search" id="toggleSearch"><img src="/theme_japantimes/images/search_icon.svg" alt="Search" width="16.5" height="16.5" /></span></button> </form> </div> </div> <div class="links-section"> <ul> <li><a href="/tag/yen/" title="Yen">Yen</a></li> <li><a href="/trending/" title="Japan tax reform">Japan tax reform</a></li> <li><a href="/tag/russia-ukraine-war/" title="Russia-Ukraine war">Russia-Ukraine war</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/latest-news/" title="Latest News">Latest News</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/deep-dive/" title="Deep Dive">Deep Dive</a></li> </ul> <p class="todays_print_edition_header"><a href="https://epaper.japantimes.co.jp/" title="Today's Print Edition" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Today's print edition</a></p> <p class="home-delivery"><a href="/sub/print/" title="HOME DELIVERY">Home Delivery</a></p> </div> <div class="menu-section"> <ul class="sections"> <li class="section-item" id="97"> <a href="/news/japan/" title="JAPAN">JAPAN</a> <i class="icon-chevron-down action-icon"></i> <ul class="subsections hidden" id="subsections-97"> <li><a href="/news/japan/politics/" title="Politics">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/news/japan/society/" title="Society">Society</a></li> <li><a href="/news/japan/crime-legal/" title="Crime &amp; Legal">Crime &amp; Legal</a></li> <li><a href="/news/japan/science-health/" title="Science &amp; Health">Science &amp; Health</a></li> <li><a href="/news/japan/explainer/" title="Explainer">Explainer</a></li> <li><a href="/news/japan/history/" title="History">History</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="section-item" id="109"> <a href="/news/world/" title="WORLD">WORLD</a> <i class="icon-chevron-down action-icon"></i> <ul class="subsections hidden" id="subsections-109"> <li><a href="/news/world/politics/" title="Politics">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/news/world/crime-legal/" title="Crime &amp; Legal">Crime &amp; Legal</a></li> <li><a href="/news/world/science-health/" title="Science &amp; Health">Science &amp; Health</a></li> <li><a href="/news/world/society/" title="Society">Society</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="section-item" id="114"> <a href="/news/asia-pacific/" title="ASIA PACIFIC">ASIA PACIFIC</a> <i class="icon-chevron-down action-icon"></i> <ul class="subsections hidden" id="subsections-114"> <li><a href="/news/asia-pacific/politics/" title="Politics">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/news/asia-pacific/crime-legal/" title="Crime &amp; Legal">Crime &amp; Legal</a></li> <li><a href="/news/asia-pacific/science-health/" title="Science &amp; Health">Science &amp; Health</a></li> <li><a href="/news/asia-pacific/society/" title="Society">Society</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="section-item" id="120"> <a href="/business/" title="BUSINESS">BUSINESS</a> <i class="icon-chevron-down action-icon"></i> <ul class="subsections hidden" id="subsections-120"> <li><a href="/business/companies/" title="Companies">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/business/economy/" title="Economy">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/business/markets/" title="Markets">Markets</a></li> <li><a href="/business/tech/" title="Tech">Tech</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="section-item" id="187"> <a href="/sports/" title="SPORTS">SPORTS</a> <i class="icon-chevron-down action-icon"></i> <ul class="subsections hidden" id="subsections-187"> <li><a href="/sports/sumo/" title="Sumo">Sumo</a></li> <li><a href="/sports/soccer/" title="Soccer">Soccer</a></li> <li><a href="/sports/baseball/" title="Baseball">Baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/sports/basketball/" title="Basketball">Basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/sports/tennis/" title="Tennis">Tennis</a></li> <li><a href="/sports/olympics/" title="Olympics">Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/sports/more-sports/" title="More sports">More sports</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="section-item" id="147"> <a href="/opinion/" title="OPINION">OPINION</a> <i class="icon-chevron-down action-icon"></i> <ul class="subsections hidden" id="subsections-147"> <li><a href="/opinion/editorials/" title="Editorials">Editorials</a></li> <li><a href="/opinion/commentary/" title="Commentary">Commentary</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="section-item" id="210"> <a href="/environment/" title="Environment">Environment</a> <i class="icon-chevron-down action-icon"></i> <ul class="subsections hidden" id="subsections-210"> <li><a href="/environment/climate-change/" title="CLIMATE CHANGE">CLIMATE CHANGE</a></li> <li><a href="/environment/energy/" title="Energy">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/environment/sustainability/" title="SUSTAINABILITY">SUSTAINABILITY</a></li> <li><a href="/environment/wildlife/" title="WILDLIFE">WILDLIFE</a></li> <li><a href="/environment/earth-science/" title="EARTH SCIENCE">EARTH SCIENCE</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="section-item" id="152"> <a href="/life/" title="LIFE">LIFE</a> <i class="icon-chevron-down action-icon"></i> <ul class="subsections hidden" id="subsections-152"> <li><a href="/life/travel/" title="Travel">Travel</a></li> <li><a href="/life/digital/" title="Digital">Digital</a></li> <li><a href="/life/food-drink/" title="Food &amp; Drink">Food &amp; Drink</a></li> <li><a href="/life/style-design/" title="Style &amp; Design">Style &amp; Design</a></li> <li><a href="/life/language/" title="Language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/life/lifestyle/" title="Lifestyle">Lifestyle</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="section-item" id="134"> <a href="/culture/" title="CULTURE">CULTURE</a> <i class="icon-chevron-down action-icon"></i> <ul class="subsections hidden" id="subsections-134"> <li><a href="/culture/film/" title="Film">Film</a></li> <li><a href="/culture/books/" title="Books">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/culture/music/" title="Music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/culture/art/" title="Art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/culture/tv-streaming/" title="TV &amp; Streaming">TV &amp; Streaming</a></li> <li><a href="/culture/stage/" title="Stage">Stage</a></li> <li><a href="/culture/entertainment-news/" title="Entertainment news">Entertainment news</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="section-item" id="163"> <a href="/community/" title="COMMUNITY">COMMUNITY</a> <i class="icon-chevron-down action-icon"></i> <ul class="subsections hidden" id="subsections-163"> <li><a href="/community/voices/" title="Voices">Voices</a></li> <li><a href="/community/issues/" title="Issues">Issues</a></li> <li><a href="/community/how-tos/" title="How-tos">How-tos</a></li> <li><a href="/community/our-lives/" title="Our Lives">Our Lives</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </sidebar> <div class="account-data no-print"> <div class="logo"> <div class="close-sidebar" onclick="toggleAccountInfo()"><i class="icon-close"></i></div> </div> <div class="actions"> <ul> <li class="user-email"></li> <li><a href="/my-account/" title="My Account">My Account <i class="icon-arrow_forward_ios"></i></a></li> <li><a href="/bookmark-articles/" title="My Bookmarks">My Bookmarks</a></li> <li class="piano-myaccount-logout-button"><a id="piano-logout-button" href="javascript:void(0)" title="Logout" style="padding:unset !important;background-color: transparent !important;">Logout <i class="icon-arrow_forward_ios"></i></a></li> </ul> <div class="packages"><a href="/sub/" title="Subscribe for more access">Subscribe for more access</a></div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function() { if ($('header .adjust-space').length) { var headerHeight = $('header.not-home-header .always-visible').height(); $('header .adjust-space').css('height', headerHeight + 'px'); } $("header .header-content .right-col #user_account_header li.subscribe_info").on({ mouseenter: function () { $('i', $(this)).removeClass('icon-chevron-down').addClass('icon-chevron-up'); }, mouseleave: function () { $('i', $(this)).removeClass('icon-chevron-up').addClass('icon-chevron-down'); } }); }); $(window).on('scroll', function() { var height = $(window).scrollTop(); var topHeight = $('header').outerHeight() - 20; // for home page if (height > topHeight) { $("header .sticky-menu").addClass("visible"); $("header .search-container").addClass("sticky-search"); } else { $("header .sticky-menu").removeClass("visible"); $("header .search-container").removeClass("sticky-search"); } }); $('header .search-open').on('click', function() { $('header .search-container').toggleClass('show'); }); $('header .close-form').on('click', function() { $('header .search-container').removeClass('show'); }); $('#overlay').on('click', function() { // alert('hello'); $('html').removeClass("hidden-body"); if ($('sidebar').hasClass('active')) { $('sidebar').removeClass('active') } if ($("div.account-data").hasClass('active')) { $("div.account-data").removeClass('active') } $("#overlay").toggleClass("active"); }); $('li.section-item .action-icon').on('click', function(e) { var parentItem = $(this).closest('li[class^="section-item"]'); if (!$(e.target).closest('.subsections').length) { e.preventDefault(); $('.subsections').slideUp(); $('.subsections').addClass('hidden'); $('.section-item i').addClass('icon-chevron-down').removeClass('icon-chevron-up'); if (!parentItem.hasClass('active')) { if(parentItem.children('i').hasClass('icon-chevron-down')){ parentItem.children('i').removeClass('icon-chevron-down').addClass('icon-chevron-up'); }else{ parentItem.children('i').addClass('icon-chevron-down').removeClass('icon-chevron-up'); } parentItem.children('.subsections').removeClass('hidden'); parentItem.children('.subsections').slideDown(); } } parentItem.toggleClass('active'); }); function toggleSidebar() { $("sidebar").toggleClass("active"); $("#overlay").toggleClass("active"); if ($("sidebar").hasClass('active')) { $('html').addClass("hidden-body"); } else { $('html').removeClass("hidden-body"); } } function toggleAccountInfo() { $("div.account-data").toggleClass("active"); $("#overlay").toggleClass("active"); if ($("div.account-data").hasClass('active')) { $('html').addClass("hidden-body"); } else { $('html').removeClass("hidden-body"); } } </script> <main class=" "> <!-- with_container --> <div hidden id="page_info" data-np_page_id="341" data-is_home_page="0" data-is_article_page="0" data-page_title="Trending"> </div> <div class="container "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8 col-xs-12"> <!--jt-page-title.blade.php--> <style> .jt-page-title{text-transform: uppercase; border-bottom: 2px solid #000000;margin-bottom: 25px;} .jt-page-title h1{font-family: 'Pluto Sans Bold', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 40px; line-height: 49.5px; margin-bottom: 16.5px;margin-top: 5px;} .jt-page-title h1.page-title-name{margin-bottom: 0px;} .jt-page-title h2{font-family: 'Pluto Sans Regular', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0px;margin-top: 0px;} .jt-page-title h2 a{color:#000;font-weight:400 ;} .jt-page-title h2 a:hover{text-decoration: underline;} .jt-page-title .sub-sections{display: flex;margin-bottom: 16.5px;} .jt-page-title .sub-sections .sub-section-con{padding-right: 7px;padding-left: 7px;border-right: 1px solid #999999;flex: 0 0 auto;} .jt-page-title .sub-sections .sub-section-con:first-child{padding-left: 0px;} .jt-page-title .sub-sections .sub-section-con:last-child{border-right: none;} .jt-page-title .sub-sections a.sub-section{font-family: 'Pluto Sans Regular', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:17.3px;color:#000000;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;} .jt-page-title .sub-sections a.sub-section:hover, .jt-page-title .sub-sections a.sub-section.active{background-color: #efefef;} @media(max-width: 991px){ .jt-page-title{position: relative;margin-left: -8px;margin-right: -8px;padding-left: 30px;padding-right: 30px;padding-bottom: 0px;} .jt-page-title h1{margin-top: 0px;margin-bottom: 18px;font-size: 26px;line-height: 32.14px;} .jt-page-title h2{font-size: 18px;line-height: 22.25px;} .jt-page-title .sub-sections{overflow-x: auto;padding-left: 20px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom: 15px;margin-bottom:0px;} .jt-page-title .sub-sections::-webkit-scrollbar{display: none;} .jt-page-title .sub-sections a.sub-section{margin-bottom: 8px;} .jt-page-title .blurred-text-gradient{position: absolute;right: 3px;height: 30px;width: 50px;bottom: 18px;content: ""; background: linear-gradient(360deg,rgb(255,255,255,0.8),rgba(255,255,255,0.9),transparent,transparent);} .jt-page-title .blurred-text-gradient.left{left: 3px;} } </style> <div class="jt-page-title paddingDefault staticHCtitle" data-widget-id="5584"> <h1 class="page-title-name">Japan tax cuts</h1> </div> <!--jt-three-articles.blade.php--> <style> .jt-three-articles{border-top: 1px solid #000000;padding-top: 12px;padding-bottom: 12px;} .jt-three-articles .separator{color:#333;font-family: 'Neue Bold';font-size: 11px;line-height: 14px;} .jt-three-articles .article-image{width: 27%;padding-right: 8px;} .jt-three-articles .article-details{width: 73%;padding-left: 8px;} .jt-three-articles .article-details.no-image-article{width: 100%;padding-left: 0px;} .jt-three-articles .layout-ratio{padding-bottom: 80%;} .jt-three-articles .article{display: flex; align-items: flex-start;padding-bottom: 12px;padding-top: 12px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(217, 217, 217, 0.5);} .jt-three-articles .article:last-child{border-bottom: none;} .jt-three-articles .article-title{margin-top: 8px;margin-bottom: 14px;} .jt-three-articles .article-byline{font-family: 'Pluto Sans regular', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif!important; color:#898989; font-size: 11px;line-height: 21px; text-transform: uppercase;} .jt-three-articles .article-byline a{color:#898989} .jt-three-articles .article-section a{font-family: 'Pluto Sans Bold', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color:#c8102e; font-size: 11px;line-height: 14px; text-transform: uppercase;} .jt-three-articles .article-title a{font-family: 'Utopia Std Semi Bold', Georgia, serif; color:#333; font-size: 20px;line-height: 27px; display: block;max-height: 54px; overflow: hidden;} .jt-three-articles .article-body a{font-family: 'Utopia Std', Georgia, "Hiragino Mincho Pro", "Hiragino Mincho", serif; color:#333333; font-size: 17px;line-height: 24px; display:block;max-height: 48px; overflow: hidden;} @media (max-width: 768px){ .jt-three-articles .article-body a{display: none;} .jt-three-articles .layout-ratio{padding-bottom: 100%;} .jt-three-articles .article-title a{overflow: unset;max-height: unset;font-size: 20px;line-height: 20px;} } @media screen and (min-width: 1200px){ .jt-three-articles .article-title a{ font-size:18px; } } </style> <div class="jt-three-articles staticHC" data-widget-id="5575"> <div class="article"> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/15/japan/politics/dpp-tamaki-governor-clashes/" title="DPP leader clashes with governors over tax-free income limit"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/15/434357.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/15/434357.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/15/434357.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/15/434357.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="object-position:59.5% 35.555555555556%;" alt="Democratic Party for the People head Yuichiro Tamaki speaks to reporters in Tokyo on Nov. 8." title="Democratic Party for the People head Yuichiro Tamaki speaks to reporters in Tokyo on Nov. 8." onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-section"> <a href="/news/japan/" title="JAPAN">JAPAN</a> <span class="separator">/</span> <a href="/news/japan/politics/" title="Politics">Politics</a> </div> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/15/japan/politics/dpp-tamaki-governor-clashes/" title="DPP leader clashes with governors over tax-free income limit">DPP leader clashes with governors over tax-free income limit</a></div> <div class="article-byline"> By <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/author/174/eric-johnston/" title="Eric Johnston">Eric Johnston</a><br/> </div> <div class="article-body"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/15/japan/politics/dpp-tamaki-governor-clashes/" title="DPP leader clashes with governors over tax-free income limit">Prefectural governors fear that raising the ¥1.03 million limit would means less central government tax money for local services.</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="article"> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/15/japan/politics/ldp-individual-donations-tax/" title="LDP eyes larger tax breaks for individual political donations"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/15/434218.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/15/434218.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/15/434218.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/15/434218.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="object-position:44% 31.428571428572%;" alt="Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba at the Prime Minister&#039;s Office on Thursday" title="Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba at the Prime Minister&#039;s Office on Thursday" onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-section"> <a href="/news/japan/" title="JAPAN">JAPAN</a> <span class="separator">/</span> <a href="/news/japan/politics/" title="Politics">Politics</a> </div> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/15/japan/politics/ldp-individual-donations-tax/" title="LDP eyes larger tax breaks for individual political donations">LDP eyes larger tax breaks for individual political donations</a></div> <div class="article-byline"> </div> <div class="article-body"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/15/japan/politics/ldp-individual-donations-tax/" title="LDP eyes larger tax breaks for individual political donations">The move is designed to lower the share of political donations from companies and organizations, which have been subject to public criticism.</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="article"> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/business/2024/11/14/economy/dpp-103-million/" title="Japan’s key political issue rests on an enduring economic myth"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/14/434139.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/14/434139.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/14/434139.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/14/434139.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="object-position:49.019607843137% 37%;" alt="Democratic Party for the People chief Yuichiro Tamaki wants to the tax-free annual income ceiling raised to ¥1.78 million ($11,410)." title="Democratic Party for the People chief Yuichiro Tamaki wants to the tax-free annual income ceiling raised to ¥1.78 million ($11,410)." onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-section"> <a href="/business/" title="BUSINESS">BUSINESS</a> <span class="separator">/</span> <a href="/business/economy/" title="Economy">Economy</a> </div> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/business/2024/11/14/economy/dpp-103-million/" title="Japan’s key political issue rests on an enduring economic myth">Japan’s key political issue rests on an enduring economic myth</a></div> <div class="article-byline"> By <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/author/142/kazuaki-nagata/" title="Kazuaki Nagata">Kazuaki Nagata</a><br/> </div> <div class="article-body"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/business/2024/11/14/economy/dpp-103-million/" title="Japan’s key political issue rests on an enduring economic myth">Economists cast doubts on the Democratic Party for the People's push for raising the tax-free income threshold — its key demand to the ruling coalition for its support.</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="article"> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/10/japan/politics/parties-affirm-need-for-income-threshold-review/" title="Ruling and opposition blocs affirm need to review ¥1.03 million barrier"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/10/433181.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/10/433181.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/10/433181.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/10/433181.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="" alt="Itsunori Onodera (center), policy chief of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), told a TV program that the government should consider raising the threshold for income tax exemption but also discuss how to make up for expected falls in tax revenue." title="Itsunori Onodera (center), policy chief of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), told a TV program that the government should consider raising the threshold for income tax exemption but also discuss how to make up for expected falls in tax revenue." onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-section"> <a href="/news/japan/" title="JAPAN">JAPAN</a> <span class="separator">/</span> <a href="/news/japan/politics/" title="Politics">Politics</a> </div> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/10/japan/politics/parties-affirm-need-for-income-threshold-review/" title="Ruling and opposition blocs affirm need to review ¥1.03 million barrier">Ruling and opposition blocs affirm need to review ¥1.03 million barrier</a></div> <div class="article-byline"> </div> <div class="article-body"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/10/japan/politics/parties-affirm-need-for-income-threshold-review/" title="Ruling and opposition blocs affirm need to review ¥1.03 million barrier">Officials from the LDP, Komeito and opposition parties all pointed to a need to raise the income threshold.</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="article"> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/08/japan/politics/ldp-dpp-policy-negotiations/" title="LDP between a rock and a hard place in struggle to get DPP support"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/08/433053.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/08/433053.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/08/433053.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/08/433053.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="" alt="Liberal Democratic Party policy chief Itsunori Onodera (right) and his Democratic Party for the People counterpart, Makoto Hamaguchi, meet in Tokyo on Friday to discuss policies their parties could potentially agree on." title="Liberal Democratic Party policy chief Itsunori Onodera (right) and his Democratic Party for the People counterpart, Makoto Hamaguchi, meet in Tokyo on Friday to discuss policies their parties could potentially agree on." onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-section"> <a href="/news/japan/" title="JAPAN">JAPAN</a> <span class="separator">/</span> <a href="/news/japan/politics/" title="Politics">Politics</a> </div> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/08/japan/politics/ldp-dpp-policy-negotiations/" title="LDP between a rock and a hard place in struggle to get DPP support">LDP between a rock and a hard place in struggle to get DPP support</a></div> <div class="article-byline"> By <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/author/162/kanako-takahara/" title="Kanako Takahara">Kanako Takahara</a> and <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/author/4668/himari-semans/" title="Himari Semans">Himari Semans</a><br/> </div> <div class="article-body"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/08/japan/politics/ldp-dpp-policy-negotiations/" title="LDP between a rock and a hard place in struggle to get DPP support">The opposition party wants to raise the threshold for tax exemptions from the current ¥1.03 million ($6,740), a move that would cost the government tax revenues.</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="article"> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/09/05/japan/politics/ldp-candidates-taxes-political-reform/" title="Taxes and political reform in focus in upcoming LDP campaign"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/09/05/419908.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/09/05/419908.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/09/05/419908.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/09/05/419908.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="" alt="Shigeru Ishiba speaks at a supporters meeting in Tokyo on Aug. 30." title="Shigeru Ishiba speaks at a supporters meeting in Tokyo on Aug. 30." onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-section"> <a href="/news/japan/" title="JAPAN">JAPAN</a> <span class="separator">/</span> <a href="/news/japan/politics/" title="Politics">Politics</a> </div> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/09/05/japan/politics/ldp-candidates-taxes-political-reform/" title="Taxes and political reform in focus in upcoming LDP campaign">Taxes and political reform in focus in upcoming LDP campaign</a></div> <div class="article-byline"> By <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/author/4179/gabriele-ninivaggi/" title="Gabriele Ninivaggi">Gabriele Ninivaggi</a><br/> </div> <div class="article-body"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/09/05/japan/politics/ldp-candidates-taxes-political-reform/" title="Taxes and political reform in focus in upcoming LDP campaign">The candidates’ recipes to put the economy back on track after decades of low growth are varied, with some emphasizing redistribution and others promising no tax hikes.</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="article"> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/09/04/japan/politics/motegi-announcement/" title="In leadership bid, LDP Secretary-General Motegi says no tax hikes"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/09/04/419748.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/09/04/419748.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/09/04/419748.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/09/04/419748.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="" alt="Liberal Democratic Party Secretary-General Toshimitsu Motegi announces his candidacy for leadership of the party in Tokyo on Wednesday." title="Liberal Democratic Party Secretary-General Toshimitsu Motegi announces his candidacy for leadership of the party in Tokyo on Wednesday." onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-section"> <a href="/news/japan/" title="JAPAN">JAPAN</a> <span class="separator">/</span> <a href="/news/japan/politics/" title="Politics">Politics</a> </div> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/09/04/japan/politics/motegi-announcement/" title="In leadership bid, LDP Secretary-General Motegi says no tax hikes">In leadership bid, LDP Secretary-General Motegi says no tax hikes</a></div> <div class="article-byline"> By <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/author/4179/gabriele-ninivaggi/" title="Gabriele Ninivaggi">Gabriele Ninivaggi</a><br/> </div> <div class="article-body"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/09/04/japan/politics/motegi-announcement/" title="In leadership bid, LDP Secretary-General Motegi says no tax hikes">He pledges to tackle Japan’s sluggish economy without increasing the burden on taxpayers and abolish the contentious "funds for political activities."</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 col-xs-12"> <!--jt-square-ad.blade.php--> <style> .jt-square-ad {border-top:1px solid #DADADA; border-bottom:1px solid #DADADA;padding-top: 15px;padding-bottom: 15px; }.jt-square-ad .tableCenter{min-width:300px;margin:10px auto;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;background:#f9f9f9;min-height:250px;} </style> <div class="jt-square-ad DisplayAd " data-widget-id="5579"> <div class="tableCenter paddingDefault"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1545099231048-0'><script>googletag.cmd.push( function() {googletag.display( 'div-gpt-ad-1545099231048-0' );});</script></div> </div> </div> <!-- jt-sidebar-tabs.blade.php --> <style> .jt-sidebar-tabs{margin-top: 20px;} /*.article-page .jt-sidebar-tabs{margin-top: 15px;}*/ .jt-sidebar-tabs .nav-item{color:#666666;background-color: #eae9e0; cursor: pointer;text-align: center;width:calc(50% - 5px);border-left: 1px solid #eae9e0;} .jt-sidebar-tabs .nav-item.active{color:#000;background-color: #FFF;border-bottom: none;border-right: 1px solid #eae9e0;} .jt-sidebar-tabs .tab-pane{display:none; border: 1px solid #eae9e0;border-top: none;padding: 20px;} .jt-sidebar-tabs .tab-pane.active{display:block;} .jt-sidebar-tabs ul.nav-pills{padding: 0;margin-top: 0px;} .jt-sidebar-tabs .nav-item.active a.nav-link{border-top: 4px solid #eae9e0;border-radius: 0;} .jt-sidebar-tabs .separator{width: 10px;border-bottom: 1px solid #eae9e0;} .jt-sidebar-tabs .nav-link{font-family: 'Pluto Sans Bold', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: 12px;line-height: 24px;} </style> <div class="jt-sidebar-tabs no-print " data-widget_id="5578"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class=" navContent"> <ul class="nav nav-pills" role="tablist"> <li class="nav-item active" id="button-0"> <a class="nav-link" data-widget_id="m1" title="Latest">WHAT’S TRENDING</a> </li> <li class="separator">&nbsp;</li> <li class="nav-item " id="button-1"> <a class="nav-link" data-widget_id="m1" title="Latest">Editors&#039; Picks</a> </li> </ul> <div class="tab-content"> <div class="tab-pane active" id="tab-button-0"> <!--jt-trending.blade.php--> <style> .jt-trending .article-image{width: 28%;padding-left: 8px;} .jt-trending .article-image .layout-ratio{padding-bottom: 100%;;} .jt-trending .article-details{width: 72%;padding-right: 8px;} .jt-trending .article-details.no-image-article{width: 100%;padding-right: 0px;} .jt-trending .article{display: flex; align-items: flex-start;padding-bottom: 12px;padding-top: 12px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(217, 217, 217, 0.5);} .jt-trending .article:last-child{border-bottom: none;padding-bottom: 0px;} .jt-trending .article-title{margin-top: 0px;margin-bottom: 12px;} .jt-trending .article-title a{font-family: Utopia Std, Georgia, "Hiragino Mincho Pro", "Hiragino Mincho", serif; color:#333333; font-size: 17px;line-height: 21px; display: block;max-height: 63px; overflow: hidden;} @media(max-width768px){ .jt-trending .article-title a{max-height: unset; overflow: unset;} } </style> <div class="jt-trending " data-widget-id="5585"> <div class="article"> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/28/japan/science-health/keio-university-alzheimers/" title="Japan researchers develop a simple way to spot signs of Alzheimer's disease">Japan researchers develop a simple way to spot signs of Alzheimer's disease</a></div> </div> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/28/japan/science-health/keio-university-alzheimers/" title="Japan researchers develop a simple way to spot signs of Alzheimer's disease"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/28/436797.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/28/436797.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/28/436797.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/28/436797.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="" alt="In 2022, the number of elderly people with dementia in Japan reached 4.43 million, according to data from the health ministry. " title="In 2022, the number of elderly people with dementia in Japan reached 4.43 million, according to data from the health ministry. " onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="article"> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/business/2024/11/28/companies/japan-undervalued-real-estate/" title="Real estate worth ¥25 trillion puts Japan companies in spotlight">Real estate worth ¥25 trillion puts Japan companies in spotlight</a></div> </div> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/business/2024/11/28/companies/japan-undervalued-real-estate/" title="Real estate worth ¥25 trillion puts Japan companies in spotlight"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/28/436887.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/28/436887.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/28/436887.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/28/436887.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="" alt="Elliott Investment Management&#039;s stake in Tokyo Gas is centered around getting the utility to sell off its real estate holdings, including Shinjuku Park Tower, which houses the Park Hyatt Hotel Tokyo." title="Elliott Investment Management&#039;s stake in Tokyo Gas is centered around getting the utility to sell off its real estate holdings, including Shinjuku Park Tower, which houses the Park Hyatt Hotel Tokyo." onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="article"> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/28/japan/politics/kuniko-inoguchi-fire/" title="Two dead after fire at Upper House lawmaker Kuniko Inoguchi’s apartment">Two dead after fire at Upper House lawmaker Kuniko Inoguchi’s apartment</a></div> </div> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/28/japan/politics/kuniko-inoguchi-fire/" title="Two dead after fire at Upper House lawmaker Kuniko Inoguchi’s apartment"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/28/436926.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/28/436926.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/28/436926.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/28/436926.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="" alt="A fire broke out on the sixth floor of an apartment building where Upper House lawmaker Kuniko Inoguchi resides on Wednesday in Tokyo&#039;s Bunkyo Ward." title="A fire broke out on the sixth floor of an apartment building where Upper House lawmaker Kuniko Inoguchi resides on Wednesday in Tokyo&#039;s Bunkyo Ward." onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="article"> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/business/2024/11/27/companies/jftc-amazon-japan/" title="Japan investigating Amazon for allegedly bullying other businesses">Japan investigating Amazon for allegedly bullying other businesses</a></div> </div> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/business/2024/11/27/companies/jftc-amazon-japan/" title="Japan investigating Amazon for allegedly bullying other businesses"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436814.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436814.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436814.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436814.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="" alt="Packages move along a conveyor belt at an Amazon warehouse" title="Packages move along a conveyor belt at an Amazon warehouse" onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="article"> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2024/11/28/food-drink/dubai-chocolate-japan-tokyo/" title="Tokyo’s take on that viral chocolate from Dubai">Tokyo’s take on that viral chocolate from Dubai</a></div> </div> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2024/11/28/food-drink/dubai-chocolate-japan-tokyo/" title="Tokyo’s take on that viral chocolate from Dubai"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436831.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436831.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436831.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436831.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="" alt="Cafe N°_5&#039;s take on the Dubai chocolate craze that has been circulating on social media over the past few months is a mix of bitter and sweet. " title="Cafe N°_5&#039;s take on the Dubai chocolate craze that has been circulating on social media over the past few months is a mix of bitter and sweet. " onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane " id="tab-button-1"> <!--jt-tab-editor-pick.blade.php--> <style> .jt-tab-editor-pick .article-image{width: 28%;padding-left: 8px;} .jt-tab-editor-pick .article-image .layout-ratio{padding-bottom: 100%;;} .jt-tab-editor-pick .article-details{width: 72%;padding-right: 8px;} .jt-tab-editor-pick .article-details.no-image-article{width: 100%;padding-right: 0px;} .jt-tab-editor-pick .article{display: flex; align-items: flex-start;padding-bottom: 12px;padding-top: 12px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(217, 217, 217, 0.5);} .jt-tab-editor-pick .article:last-child{border-bottom: none;padding-bottom: 0px;} .jt-tab-editor-pick .article-title{margin-top: 0px;margin-bottom: 12px;} .jt-tab-editor-pick .article-title a{font-family: Utopia Std, Georgia, "Hiragino Mincho Pro", "Hiragino Mincho", serif; color:#333333; font-size: 17px;line-height: 21px; display: block;max-height: 63px; overflow: hidden;} @media(max-width: 768px){ .jt-tab-editor-pick .article-title a{max-width: unset; overflow: unset;} } </style> <div class="jt-tab-editor-pick " data-widget-id="5586"> <div class="article"> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/28/japan/science-health/keio-university-alzheimers/" title="Japan researchers develop a simple way to spot signs of Alzheimer's disease">Japan researchers develop a simple way to spot signs of Alzheimer's disease</a></div> </div> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/28/japan/science-health/keio-university-alzheimers/" title="Japan researchers develop a simple way to spot signs of Alzheimer's disease"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/28/436797.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/28/436797.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/28/436797.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/28/436797.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="" alt="In 2022, the number of elderly people with dementia in Japan reached 4.43 million, according to data from the health ministry. " title="In 2022, the number of elderly people with dementia in Japan reached 4.43 million, according to data from the health ministry. " onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="article"> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2024/11/27/film/what-divides-us-hiroshima/" title="‘What Divides Us’ producer honors grandfather’s Hiroshima reportage">‘What Divides Us’ producer honors grandfather’s Hiroshima reportage</a></div> </div> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2024/11/27/film/what-divides-us-hiroshima/" title="‘What Divides Us’ producer honors grandfather’s Hiroshima reportage"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436856.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436856.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436856.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436856.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="" alt="“What Divides Us&quot; producer Cannon Hersey says his grandfather, who wrote about the aftermath of nuclear destruction in Hiroshima, never spoke about what he had seen while working with Japanese minister Kiyoshi Tanimoto to preserve the stories of survivors." title="“What Divides Us&quot; producer Cannon Hersey says his grandfather, who wrote about the aftermath of nuclear destruction in Hiroshima, never spoke about what he had seen while working with Japanese minister Kiyoshi Tanimoto to preserve the stories of survivors." onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="article"> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/27/japan/politics/ishiba-tamaki-nuclear-energy/" title="DPP’s Tamaki leverages new position with energy proposal">DPP’s Tamaki leverages new position with energy proposal</a></div> </div> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/27/japan/politics/ishiba-tamaki-nuclear-energy/" title="DPP’s Tamaki leverages new position with energy proposal"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436830.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436830.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436830.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436830.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="" alt="DPP leader Yuichiro Tamaki in Tokyo on Tuesday" title="DPP leader Yuichiro Tamaki in Tokyo on Tuesday" onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="article"> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/business/2024/11/25/companies/bluesky-social-japan/" title="Bluesky is booming in Japan — mainly for reasons other than U.S. politics">Bluesky is booming in Japan — mainly for reasons other than U.S. politics</a></div> </div> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/business/2024/11/25/companies/bluesky-social-japan/" title="Bluesky is booming in Japan — mainly for reasons other than U.S. politics"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/436245.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/436245.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/436245.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/25/436245.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="object-position:48% 66.917293233082%;" alt="According to Similarweb, average monthly user numbers for Bluesky on Android in Japan quintupled in the 12 months to October." title="According to Similarweb, average monthly user numbers for Bluesky on Android in Japan quintupled in the 12 months to October." onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="article"> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/27/asia-pacific/politics/china-defense-minister-corruption-dong-jun/" title="China defense minister being investigated for corruption, report says">China defense minister being investigated for corruption, report says</a></div> </div> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/27/asia-pacific/politics/china-defense-minister-corruption-dong-jun/" title="China defense minister being investigated for corruption, report says"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436546.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436546.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436546.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/27/436546.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="" alt="Chinese Defense Minister Dong Jun attends the opening ceremony of the Xiangshan Forum at the Beijing International Convention Center on Sept. 13. Dong is the third consecutive incumbent or former defense chief to be probed over alleged corruption." title="Chinese Defense Minister Dong Jun attends the opening ceremony of the Xiangshan Forum at the Beijing International Convention Center on Sept. 13. Dong is the third consecutive incumbent or former defense chief to be probed over alleged corruption." onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function(){ $('.nav-item').on('click', function(event){ event.preventDefault(); if (! $(this).hasClass('active')) { $('.nav-item').removeClass('active'); $('.tab-pane').removeClass('active'); $(this).addClass('active'); var id = $(this).attr('id'); $('#tab-'+ id).addClass('active'); } }); }); </script> <!--jt-sidebar-articles.blade.php--> <style> .jt-sidebar-articles{margin-top: 30px;margin-bottom: 15px;} .jt-sidebar-articles .widget-title{border-bottom: 1px solid #231916;padding-bottom: 15px;margin-bottom: 12px;} .jt-sidebar-articles .widget-title h2{margin-bottom: 0px;margin-top: 0px;font-family: 'Pluto Sans Bold', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color:#231916; font-size: 18px;line-height: 22px; text-transform: uppercase;} .jt-sidebar-articles .article-image{width: 28%;padding-right: 8px;} .jt-sidebar-articles .article-image .layout-ratio{padding-bottom: 100%;;} .jt-sidebar-articles .article-details{width: 72%;padding-left: 8px;} .jt-sidebar-articles .article-details.no-image-article{width: 100%;padding-left: 0px;} .jt-sidebar-articles .article{display: flex; align-items: flex-start;padding-bottom: 12px;padding-top: 12px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(217, 217, 217, 0.5);} .jt-sidebar-articles .article-title a{font-family: 'Utopia Std Semi Bold', Georgia, serif;color:#333; font-size: 20px;line-height: 19px; display: block;max-height: 38px; overflow: hidden;} .jt-sidebar-articles .article-info{display: flex;margin-top: 10px;align-items: center;} .jt-sidebar-articles .article-section a{font-family: 'Pluto Sans Bold', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color:#c8102e; font-size: 11px;line-height: 24px; text-transform: uppercase;border-right: 1px solid rgba(217, 217, 217, 0.76);padding-right: 10px; margin-right: 10px;} .jt-sidebar-articles .last-modified{font-family: 'Pluto Sans Regular', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif!important; color:#898989; font-size: 11px;line-height: 14px;text-transform: uppercase;} @media(max-width: 768px){ .jt-sidebar-articles .widget-title{margin-bottom: 5px;} .jt-sidebar-articles .article-title a{max-height: unset;overflow: unset; line-height: 21px} } @media screen and (min-width: 1200px){ .jt-sidebar-articles .article-title a{ font-size:18px; max-height: 57px; } } </style> <div class="jt-sidebar-articles no-print " data-widget-id="5576"> <div class="widget-title"> <h2>Podcast</h2> </div> <div class="article"> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/29/japan/crime-legal/chinese-arrest-kidnapping/" title="Tokyo police arrest six Chinese nationals over yami baito scheme"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/29/437203.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/29/437203.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/29/437203.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/29/437203.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="" alt="Tokyo police have arrested six Chinese nationals on suspicion of unlawful confinement and attempted extortion involving a 23-year-old exchange student who had become involved in a financial dispute over a yami baito, or a “dark” part-time job." title="Tokyo police have arrested six Chinese nationals on suspicion of unlawful confinement and attempted extortion involving a 23-year-old exchange student who had become involved in a financial dispute over a yami baito, or a “dark” part-time job." onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/29/japan/crime-legal/chinese-arrest-kidnapping/" title="Tokyo police arrest six Chinese nationals over yami baito scheme">Tokyo police arrest six Chinese nationals over <i>yami baito</i> scheme</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="article"> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/business/2024/11/29/companies/uniqlo-boycott-risk-china/" title="Uniqlo risks boycott in China after CEO's Xinjiang comment"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/29/437215.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/29/437215.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/29/437215.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/29/437215.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="" alt="In an interview in Tokyo with the British Broadcasting Corp. that was published on Thursday, Fast Retailing CEO Tadashi Yanai said the company does not source cotton from China&#039;s Xinjiang region." title="In an interview in Tokyo with the British Broadcasting Corp. that was published on Thursday, Fast Retailing CEO Tadashi Yanai said the company does not source cotton from China&#039;s Xinjiang region." onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/business/2024/11/29/companies/uniqlo-boycott-risk-china/" title="Uniqlo risks boycott in China after CEO's Xinjiang comment">Uniqlo risks boycott in China after CEO's Xinjiang comment</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <!--jt-sidebar-articles.blade.php--> <div class="jt-sidebar-articles no-print " data-widget-id="5577"> <div class="widget-title"> <h2>Deep Dive Features</h2> </div> <div class="article"> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/29/japan/crime-legal/chinese-arrest-kidnapping/" title="Tokyo police arrest six Chinese nationals over yami baito scheme"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/29/437203.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/29/437203.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/29/437203.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/29/437203.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="" alt="Tokyo police have arrested six Chinese nationals on suspicion of unlawful confinement and attempted extortion involving a 23-year-old exchange student who had become involved in a financial dispute over a yami baito, or a “dark” part-time job." title="Tokyo police have arrested six Chinese nationals on suspicion of unlawful confinement and attempted extortion involving a 23-year-old exchange student who had become involved in a financial dispute over a yami baito, or a “dark” part-time job." onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2024/11/29/japan/crime-legal/chinese-arrest-kidnapping/" title="Tokyo police arrest six Chinese nationals over yami baito scheme">Tokyo police arrest six Chinese nationals over <i>yami baito</i> scheme</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="article"> <div class="article-image"> <a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/business/2024/11/29/companies/uniqlo-boycott-risk-china/" title="Uniqlo risks boycott in China after CEO's Xinjiang comment"><div class="layout-ratio"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 786px)" data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/29/437215.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <source data-srcset="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/29/437215.jpg?v=3.1&w=600&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" type="image/jpg"> <img src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/29/437215.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" class="lazy figure-img img-fluid rounded" data-src="https://cdn4.premiumread.com/?url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/japantimes/uploads/images/2024/11/29/437215.jpg?v=3.1&w=400&q=100&f=jpg&t=1.51" style="" alt="In an interview in Tokyo with the British Broadcasting Corp. that was published on Thursday, Fast Retailing CEO Tadashi Yanai said the company does not source cotton from China&#039;s Xinjiang region." title="In an interview in Tokyo with the British Broadcasting Corp. that was published on Thursday, Fast Retailing CEO Tadashi Yanai said the company does not source cotton from China&#039;s Xinjiang region." onerror="this.src='/theme_japantimes/images/no-image.png';this.removeAttribute('onerror');"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div class="article-details "> <div class="article-title"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/business/2024/11/29/companies/uniqlo-boycott-risk-china/" title="Uniqlo risks boycott in China after CEO's Xinjiang comment">Uniqlo risks boycott in China after CEO's Xinjiang comment</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <!--jt-vertical-ad.blade.php--> <style> .jt-vertical-ad {border-top:1px solid #DADADA; border-bottom:1px solid #DADADA;padding-top: 25px;padding-bottom: 25px; } .jt-vertical-ad .tableCenter{min-width:300px;margin:10px auto;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;background:#f9f9f9;min-height:250px;} </style> <div class="jt-vertical-ad DisplayAd " data-widget-id="5580"> <div class="tableCenter paddingDefault"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1545099535665-0'><script>googletag.cmd.push(function(){googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1545099535665-0');});</script></div> </div> </div> <!--jt-supplements-vertical-ad.blade.php--> <style> .jt-supplements-vertical-ad {border: 1px solid #eae9e0; background-color: #FFF;margin-bottom: 20px;margin-top: 20px;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .sidebar_ad_inner{border-top: 1px solid #ddd;margin-top: 30px;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .sidebar_ad_item{width:100%;float:none;border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .sidebar_ad_item:last-of-type{border-bottom: none;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .sidebar_ad_item div{width:100% !important; height:auto !important;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .more-btn{border: 1px solid #ddd;text-align: center;padding: 4px;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .more-btn a{color: #333;display: block;padding: 1px 10px;transition: opacity .4s;font-family: 'Roboto';font-size: 12px;line-height: 15px;font-weight: 700;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad h2{position: relative;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-top: 0px;color:#666;font-family: 'Roboto';font-size: 13px;line-height: 15px;font-weight: 700;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad h2 a{position: absolute;top: -1;margin-left: 10px;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .note_block{font-size: 13px;line-height: 18px;color:#333;font-family: Pluto,"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;border: 1px solid #707070;border-radius: 2px;padding: 10px;max-width: 185px;position: absolute;z-index: 9999;right: 20px;top:50px;text-align: left;background: #fff;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .note_block a{color:#898989;text-decoration: underline;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .note_block:before {content: " ";position: absolute;top: -16px;left: 50%;border: 8px solid transparent;border-bottom: 8px solid #FFF;z-index: 2;-webkit-transform: translateX(-50%);transform: translateX(-50%);} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .note_block:after {content: " ";position: absolute;top: -19px;left: 50%;border: 9px solid transparent;border-bottom: 9px solid #707070;z-index: 1;-webkit-transform: translateX(-50%);transform: translateX(-50%);} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .top-element{position: relative;background-color: #eae9e0;text-align: center;padding-bottom: 10px;padding-top: 10px; } .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .content-element-main{padding: 15px 15px 0px 15px;text-align: center;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .content-element-sub{padding: 0px 15px 15px 15px;text-align: center;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .supplements-binder{text-align: center;border-top:1px solid #eae9e0;padding: 15px;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .supplements-binder img{max-width: 100%;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .supplements-binder h2{margin-bottom: 10px;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .supplements-binder .banner_list{margin: 0 auto; max-width: 270px;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .supplements-binder .banner_list_item:not(:last-child){margin-bottom: 10px;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .supplements-binder .banner_list_item:last-child{background: url('/theme_japantimes/images/bg-international.jpg');padding-bottom: 10px;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .supplements-binder ul li{list-style: none;border-bottom: 1px solid #999;padding-bottom: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .supplements-binder ul li:last-child{border-bottom: none;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .supplements-binder li a{color: #333;font-size: 14px;line-height: 24px;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .supplements-binder .banner_list_item_inner{text-align: left;background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);padding: 20px 25px 0px 25px;margin: 0px;} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .supplements-binder .international-reports-img{padding: 15px 12px 9px} .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .supplements-binder i.icon-arrow_forward_ios{font-size: 10px;margin-right: 6px;color:#898989} @media (min-width:991px) and (max-width:1200px){ .jt-supplements-vertical-ad .content-element-main{padding: 15px 0px 0px 0px;} } </style> <div class="jt-supplements-vertical-ad no-print " data-widget-id="5581"> <div class="top-element"> <h2> SPECIAL SUPPLEMENTS <a href="javascript:;" class="js_note" title="Note"><img src="/theme_japantimes/images/icon_note.png" alt="note" /></a> </h2> <div class="note_block hidden"> <div class="note_block_inner"> <p class="note_txt">Sponsored contents planned and edited by JT Media Enterprise Division.</p> <p class="note_txt_jp"> <a href="https://info.japantimes.co.jp/solutions/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">広告出稿に関するおといあわせはこちらまで</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-element-main"> <div class="bl_sideDiv bl_sideDiv__supplements"> <div class="single_block"> <!-- /4973089/JT-Supplements-slider1 --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1545378846364-0'><script> googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1545378846364-0'); });</script></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-element-sub"> <div class="sidebar_ad_inner"> <div class="sidebar_ad_item"> <a href="#"> <!-- /4973089/JT-Supplements-block1 --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1545377720996-0' style='height:1px; width:1px;'><script>googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1545377720996-0'); });</script></div> </a> </div> <div class="sidebar_ad_item"> <a href="#"> <!-- /4973089/JT-Supplements-block2 --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1545377819100-0' style='height:1px; width:1px;'><script>googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1545377819100-0');});</script></div> </a> </div> <div class="sidebar_ad_item"> <a href="#"> <!-- /4973089/JT-Supplements-block3 --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1545377905854-0' style='height:1px; width:1px;'><script>googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1545377905854-0');});</script></div> </a> </div> <div class="sidebar_ad_item"> <a href="#"> <!-- /4973089/JT-Supplements-block4 --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1545378016685-0' style='height:1px; width:1px;'><script>googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1545378016685-0');});</script></div> </a> </div> <div class="sidebar_ad_item"> <a href="#"> <!-- /4973089/JT-Supplements-block5 --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1545378526968-0' style='height:1px; width:1px;'><script>googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1545378526968-0');});</script></div> </a> </div> <div class="sidebar_ad_item"> <a href="#"> <!-- /4973089/JT-Supplements-block6 --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1545378615238-0' style='height:1px; width:1px;'><script>googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1545378615238-0');});</script></div> </a> </div> <div class="sidebar_ad_item"> <a href="#"> <!-- /4973089/JT-Supplements-block7 --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1545378710149-0' style='height:1px; width:1px;'><script>googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1545378710149-0');});</script></div> </a> </div> <div class="sidebar_ad_item"> <a href="#"> <!-- /4973089/JT-Supplements-block8 --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1545378782983-0' style='height:1px; width:1px;'><script>googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1545378782983-0');});</script></div> </a> </div> <p class="more-btn"> <a href="https://info.japantimes.co.jp/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"><span>Read more</span></a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="supplements-binder"> <h2>SUPPLEMENTS BINDER</h2> <!-- /4973089/sidebar-consortium --> <div class="banner_list"> <div class="banner_list_item"> <!-- /4973089/JT-Education-banner --> <div class="ad single_block"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1545377501993-0' style='height:40px; width:270px;'> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function () {googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1545377501993-0');});</script> </div> </div> </div> <div class="banner_list_item"> <!-- /4973089/JT-NationalDay-banner --> <div class="ad single_block"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1545377579422-0' style='height:40px; width:270px;'> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1545377579422-0');});</script> </div> </div> </div> <div class="banner_list_item"> <img src="/theme_japantimes/images/international-reports.png" class="international-reports-img" alt="international-reports"> <ul class="banner_list_item_inner"> <li> <i class="icon-arrow_forward_ios"></i> <a href="https://info.japantimes.co.jp/international-reports/sms/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Bridges by SMS</a> </li> <li> <i class="icon-arrow_forward_ios"></i> <a href="https://info.japantimes.co.jp/international-reports/global_insight/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Global Insight</a> </li> <li> <i class="icon-arrow_forward_ios"></i> <a href="https://info.japantimes.co.jp/international-reports/gmi/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">GMI Post</a> </li> <li> <i class="icon-arrow_forward_ios"></i> <a href="https://info.japantimes.co.jp/international-reports/wer/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">World Eye Reports</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> $('.js_note').on('click', function(){ $('.note_block').toggleClass('hidden'); }); </script> <!--jt-vertical-ad.blade.php--> <div class="jt-vertical-ad DisplayAd " data-widget-id="5582"> <div class="tableCenter paddingDefault"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1545100828948-0'><script>googletag.cmd.push( function() {googletag.display( 'div-gpt-ad-1545100828948-0' );});</script></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> <style> .footer-ad{margin-bottom: 20px;margin-top: 20px;} .footer-ad .tableCenter{min-width:728px;min-height: 90px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;margin: 20px auto;} footer{background-color: #333333; font-family: 'Roboto'; color: #FFF;} footer .footer-details{padding-bottom: 25px; padding-top: 40px;} footer .footer-details .left-col ul{width: 19%; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin: 0px; padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 0px;} footer .footer-details .left-col li{list-style: none;margin-bottom: 10px;} footer .footer-details .left-col li a{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;font-size: 12px;line-height: 14px;color: #FFFFFF;font-weight: 400;} footer .footer-details .left-col li a:hover{opacity: 0.4;} footer .footer-details .left-col li.main-title{font-size: 13px;line-height: 15px;color: #FFFFFF;font-weight: 700;text-transform: uppercase} footer .footer-details .right-col .subscribe-btn{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;background-color: #C8102E; color:#FFF;width: 100%;font-family: 'Pluto Sans Bold', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;line-height: 17.3px; display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;height: 50px;margin-bottom: 22px;} footer .footer-details .right-col .subscribe-btn:hover{opacity: 0.5;} footer .footer-details .right-col .row-data{margin-bottom: 15px;} footer .footer-details .right-col .row-data > div{width: 49%; display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;font-size: 12px;line-height: 14px;font-weight: 400;} footer .footer-details .right-col .row-data div.info{padding-right: 20px;} footer .footer-details .right-col .row-data > div.info.w-53{width: 50.5%;} footer .footer-details .right-col .row-data > div.signup{width: 47.5%;} footer .footer-details .right-col h5{margin-top: 0px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 16px;line-height: 19px;font-weight: 700;} footer .footer-details .right-col .social-icons{text-align: right;padding-left: 20px;} footer .footer-details .right-col .social-icons a{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;color:#FFF;margin-left: 18px;} footer .footer-details .right-col .social-icons a:hover{color:#999999;} footer .footer-details .right-col .social-icons a:first-child{margin-left: 0px;} footer .footer-details .right-col .social-icons i{font-size: 24px;} footer .footer-details .right-col .social-icons i.icon-twitter-with-circle{font-size: 26px;} footer .footer-details .right-col .social-icons img.fb:hover{opacity: 0.5;} footer .footer-details .right-col .signup{padding-left: 22px; text-align: right;} footer .footer-details .right-col .signup a{transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;border: 1px solid #FFF; color:#FFF;font-family: 'Pluto Sans Regular';font-size: 10px;line-height: 12.36px;display: flex;height: 35px;justify-content: center;align-items: center;} footer .footer-details .right-col .signup a:hover{opacity: 0.5;} footer .footer-details .right-col .signup img{margin-right: 10px;} footer .footer-copyrights{border-top: 1px solid #666666; padding: 12px 0px 17px 0px;} footer .footer-copyrights img{width: 25%;} footer .footer-copyrights .text{display: flex; justify-content: flex-end; align-items: center;font-size: 10px;line-height: 12px;color: #FFFFFF;font-weight: 400;} footer .mobile-view{display:none;} .back_to_top {position: fixed;bottom: 25px;right: 40px;z-index: 9;width: 50px;height: 50px;text-align: center;background: #666;cursor: pointer;border-radius: 2px;display: none;} .back_to_top i{color:#FFF;font-size: 40px;line-height: 46px;} .back_to_top:hover {background: #c8102e;} .back_to_top-show {display: block;} @media (max-width: 992px){ footer .container{width: 100%;max-width: 95%;} footer .footer-details{border-top: 1px solid #666666;border-bottom: 1px solid #666666;padding-bottom: 25px;padding-top: 25px;} footer .footer-details .left-col{width: 100%; max-width: 100%; flex: 0 0 100%;} footer .mobile-view .right-col .row-data{width:49.5%; display: inline-block;} footer .mobile-view .right-col .social-icons{text-align: left;} footer .footer-details .right-col .subscribe-btn{width: 46%;} footer .footer-details .right-col{display: none;} footer .mobile-view{display: block;padding-bottom: 25px;padding-top: 25px;} footer .mobile-view .right-col{display: block;} footer .mobile-view .right-col .row-data > div{width:49%;} footer .mobile-view .right-col .row-data:last-child{margin-bottom: 0px;} footer .mobile-view .right-col .row-data div.info{padding-right: 2px;} footer .mobile-view .right-col .social-icons a{margin-left: 10px;} } @media (max-width: 767px){ .footer-ad .tableCenter{min-width:320px;min-height: 50px;} footer .footer-details .right-col .subscribe-btn{width: 100%;} footer .mobile-view .right-col .row-data{width:100%; display: block;} footer .mobile-view .right-col .social-icons{text-align: right;} footer .footer-details{padding-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 0px;} footer .footer-details .right-col .row-data > div.info.w-53{width: 53%;} footer .footer-details .right-col .row-data > div.signup{width: 45%;} footer .footer-details.mobile-view{padding-bottom: 30px;padding-top: 30px;} footer .footer-details .left-col ul{padding-top: 15px;padding-bottom: 5px; border-bottom: 1px solid #666666; width:100%;} footer .footer-details .left-col ul:last-child{border-bottom: none;} footer .footer-details .left-col li.main-title{display: block;width:100%;} footer .footer-details .left-col li{display: inline-block;width:49%;} footer .footer-copyrights{padding: 30px 0px; text-align: center;} footer .footer-copyrights img{width: 40%;width: 180px;height: 25.82px;} footer .footer-copyrights .text{margin-top: 10px;justify-content: center;} .back_to_top{right: 30px;} } .bottom100{ bottom:100px } .marginBottom70{ margin-bottom: 70px; } </style> <div class="footer-ad DisplayAd no-print"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="tableCenter" id="footer_ad_id"> <div id="" class="get_ad"> <script> var id_map = { "mobile": 'div-gpt-ad-1362126290726-2', "tablet": 'div-gpt-ad-1362125825102-2', "desktop": 'div-gpt-ad-1362125114269-2' } var footer_ad_id = id_map[deviceType] || id_map["mobile"]; jQuery('#footer_ad_id .get_ad').attr( 'id', footer_ad_id ); googletag.cmd.push( function() { googletag.display(footer_ad_id); } ); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer class="no-print"> <div class="footer-details mobile-view"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 right-col"> <a class="subscribe-btn no-print" href="/sub" title="Subscribe">SUBSCRIBE</a> <div class="row-data no-print"> <div class="info"> <h5>In your social network</h5> <div>Stay up to date with us on your social media platform of choice.</div> </div> <div class="social-icons"> <a href="https://twitter.com/japantimes" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" title="Twitter"><i class="icon-twitter-with-circle"></i></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/the-japan-times" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" title="Linkedin"><i class="icon-linkedin"></i></a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/thejapantimes/?hl=en" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" title="Instagram"><i class="icon-instagram"></i></a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/thejapantimes" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" title="Facebook"><img src="/theme_japantimes/images/fb-footer.svg" class="fb" height="26" width="26" alt="Facebook" /></a> </div> </div> <div class="row-data no-print"> <div class="info w-53"> <h5>In your inbox</h5> <div>Get updates, insights and more via our newsletters.</div> </div> <div class="signup"> <a href="/email-newsletters" title="Sign Up"><img src="/theme_japantimes/images/send_icon.svg" alt="SIGN ME UP"/> SIGN ME UP</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="footer-details"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8 left-col"> <ul> <li class="main-title">products &amp; services</li> <li><a href="/sub/print/" title="Print subscriptions" >Print subscriptions</a></li> <li><a href="/sub/groups/" title="Group subscriptions" >Group subscriptions</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/sub/students" target="_blank" title="Student subscription" >Student subscription</a></li> <li><a href="https://info.japantimes.co.jp/archives/" target="_blank" title="JT Digital Archives" >JT Digital Archives</a></li> <li><a href="https://epaper.japantimes.co.jp/" target="_blank" title="Epaper Edition" >Epaper Edition</a></li> <li><a href="/feed/" title="RSS feeds" >RSS feeds</a></li> </ul> <ul> <li class="main-title">help &amp; support</li> <li><a href="/about-us/site-support/" title="Support" >Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://support.japantimes.co.jp/hc/en-us" target="_blank" title="FAQs" >FAQs</a></li> <li><a href="/about-us/link-policy/" title="Link policy" >Link policy</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/republishing/" title="Republishing" >Republishing</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/contact-us/" title="Contact us" >Contact us</a></li> </ul> <ul> <li class="main-title">about us</li> <li><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/about-us/" title="Company info" >Company info</a></li> <li><a href="/about-us/privacy/" title="Privacy policy" >Privacy policy</a></li> <li><a href="/about-us/link-policy/" title="Link policy" >Link policy</a></li> <li><a href="/category/announcements/" title="Announcements" >Announcements</a></li> <li><a href="/about-us/work-with-us/" title="Work with us" >Work with us</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/advertise/" title="Advertise with us" >Advertise with us</a></li> <li><a href="/about-us/press/" title="Press releases" >Press releases</a></li> </ul> <ul> <li class="main-title">our sites</li> <li><a href="https://alpha.japantimes.co.jp/" target="_blank" title="The Japan Times Alpha" >The Japan Times Alpha</a></li> <li><a href="https://bookclub.japantimes.co.jp/" target="_blank" title="JT Bookclub" >JT Bookclub</a></li> <li><a href="https://jobs.japantimes.com/" target="_blank" title="The Japan Times Jobs" >The Japan Times Jobs</a></li> <li><a href="https://info.japantimes.co.jp/japanese-university-guide/" target="_blank" title="Education In Japan" >Education In Japan</a></li> <li><a href="https://info.japantimes.co.jp/job-classifieds/" target="_blank" title="Classifieds" >Classifieds</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/tender-announcement-advertisements/" title="Public notices" >Public notices</a></li> <li><a href="https://disaster.japantimes.co.jp/" target="_blank" title="Disaster information" >Disaster information</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/comfacts/" title="Comfacts" >Comfacts</a></li> </ul> <ul> <li class="main-title">our activities</li> <li><a href="https://sustainable.japantimes.com/" target="_blank" title="Sustainable Japan" >Sustainable Japan</a></li> <li><a href="https://authentic-japan-selection.japantimes.com/" target="_blank" title="Destination Restaurants" >Destination Restaurants</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/satoyama-consortium/" title="Satoyama Consortium" >Satoyama Consortium</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/esg-consortium/" title="ESG Consortium" >ESG Consortium</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-4 right-col"> <a class="subscribe-btn no-print" href="/sub" title="Subscribe">SUBSCRIBE</a> <div class="row-data no-print"> <div class="info"> <h5>In your social network</h5> <div>Stay up to date with us on your social media platform of choice.</div> </div> <div class="social-icons"> <a href="https://twitter.com/japantimes" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" title="Twitter"><i class="icon-twitter-with-circle"></i></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/the-japan-times" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" title="Linkedin"><i class="icon-linkedin"></i></a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/thejapantimes/?hl=en" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" title="Instagram"><i class="icon-instagram"></i></a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/thejapantimes" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" title="Facebook"><img src="/theme_japantimes/images/fb-footer.svg" class="fb" height="26" width="26" alt="Facebook" /></a> </div> </div> <div class="row-data no-print"> <div class="info w-53"> <h5>In your inbox</h5> <div>Get updates, insights and more via our newsletters.</div> </div> <div class="signup"> <a href="/email-newsletters" title="Sign Up"><img src="/theme_japantimes/images/send_icon.svg" alt="SIGN ME UP"/> SIGN ME UP</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="footer-copyrights"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6"> <a href="/" title="The Japan Times"><img src="/theme_japantimes/images/logo-white-2.png" alt="The Japan Times" /></a> </div> <div class="col-md-6 text"> THE JAPAN TIMES LTD. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <div class="back_to_top" title="Back to Top"><i class="icon-chevron-up"></i></div> <div id="recommend-pushUnit-top"></div> <div id="recommend-pushUnit-article" class="recommend-pushUnit"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function(){ function trackScroll() { var scrolled = window.pageYOffset; var coords = document.documentElement.clientHeight; if (scrolled > coords) { goTopBtn.classList.add('back_to_top-show'); } if (scrolled < coords) { goTopBtn.classList.remove('back_to_top-show'); } } function backToTop() { if (window.pageYOffset > 0) { window.scrollBy(0, -80); setTimeout(backToTop, 0); } } var goTopBtn = document.querySelector('.back_to_top'); window.addEventListener('scroll', trackScroll); goTopBtn.addEventListener('click', backToTop); }); $(document).ready(() => { var windowSize = $(window).width(); var footer = $('.footer-copyrights') }); </script> <input type="hidden" name="csrf-token" content=""> <script> var lazysettimeout_value = 3000; var lazyloadScript_config = 1; lazysettimeout_value=2000; document.addEventListener("mousemove", lazyloadScript); document.addEventListener("scroll", lazyloadScript); document.addEventListener("touchstart", lazyloadScript); setTimeout(function(){ lazyloadScript(); },lazysettimeout_value); function lazyloadScript(){ if(lazyloadScript_config){ lazyloadScript_config = 0; $.getScript('https://www.japantimes.co.jp/theme_japantimes/js/lazyload.min.js',function(){ new LazyLoad({ elements_selector: ".lazy", threshold: 0, }); }); } } </script> <script async type="text/javascript" src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"></script> <!-- Twitter universal website tag code --> <script> !function(e,t,n,s,u,a){e.twq||(s=e.twq=function(){s.exe?s.exe.apply(s,arguments):s.queue.push(arguments); },s.version='1.1',s.queue=[],u=t.createElement(n),u.async=!0,u.src='//static.ads-twitter.com/uwt.js', a=t.getElementsByTagName(n)[0],a.parentNode.insertBefore(u,a))}(window,document,'script'); twq('init','o4laj'); twq('track','PageView'); </script> <!-- End Twitter universal website tag code --></body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10