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<span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" 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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ospedale degli Innocenti</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spedale_degli_Innocenti" title="Spedale degli Innocenti – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Spedale degli Innocenti" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ospedale_degli_Innocenti" title="Ospedale degli Innocenti – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ospedale degli Innocenti" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ospedale_degli_Innocenti" title="Ospedale degli Innocenti – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ospedale degli Innocenti" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B5_%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B9_%CE%99%CE%BD%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%84%CF%83%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9" title="Οσπεντάλε ντελι Ιννοτσέντι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οσπεντάλε ντελι Ιννοτσέντι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ospedale_degli_Innocenti" title="Ospedale degli Innocenti – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ospedale degli Innocenti" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spedale_degli_Innocenti" title="Spedale degli Innocenti – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Spedale degli Innocenti" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EC%8A%A4%ED%8E%98%EB%8B%AC%EB%A0%88_%EB%8D%B8%EB%A6%AC_%EC%9D%B8%EB%85%B8%EC%B2%B8%ED%8B%B0" title="오스페달레 델리 인노첸티 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="오스페달레 델리 인노첸티" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spedale_degli_innocenti" title="Spedale degli innocenti – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Spedale degli innocenti" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spedale_degli_Innocenti" title="Spedale degli Innocenti – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Spedale degli Innocenti" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%93%D7%9C%D7%94_%D7%93%D7%9C%D7%99_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A6%27%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99" title="אוספדלה דלי אינוצ'נטי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוספדלה דלי אינוצ'נטי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ospedale_degli_Innocenti" title="Ospedale degli Innocenti – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ospedale degli Innocenti" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ospedale_degli_Innocenti" title="Ospedale degli Innocenti – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ospedale degli Innocenti" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ospedale_degli_Innocenti" title="Ospedale degli Innocenti – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ospedale degli Innocenti" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szpital_Niewini%C4%85tek" title="Szpital Niewiniątek – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Szpital Niewiniątek" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spedale_degli_Innocenti" title="Spedale degli Innocenti – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Spedale degli Innocenti" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC_(%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Воспитательный дом (Флоренция) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Воспитательный дом (Флоренция)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ospedale_degli_Innocenti" title="Ospedale degli Innocenti – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ospedale degli Innocenti" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ospedale_degli_Innocenti" title="Ospedale degli Innocenti – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ospedale degli Innocenti" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85" title="Шпиталь невинних – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шпиталь невинних" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%A4%E5%84%BF%E9%99%A2_(%E4%BD%9B%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%A6%E8%90%A8)" title="孤儿院 (佛罗伦萨) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="孤儿院 (佛罗伦萨)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ospedale_degli_Innocenti&params=43_46_35_N_11_15_40_E_region:IT_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">43°46′35″N</span> <span class="longitude">11°15′40″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">43.77639°N 11.26111°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">43.77639; 11.26111</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Historic building in Florence, Italy</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UNICEF_Innocenti_Research_Centre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/UNICEF_Innocenti_Research_Centre.jpg/290px-UNICEF_Innocenti_Research_Centre.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/UNICEF_Innocenti_Research_Centre.jpg/435px-UNICEF_Innocenti_Research_Centre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/UNICEF_Innocenti_Research_Centre.jpg/580px-UNICEF_Innocenti_Research_Centre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><span title="Italian-language text"><span lang="it" style="font-style: normal;">Ospedale degli Innocenti</span></span>, Florence.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b><span title="Italian-language text"><span lang="it" style="font-style: normal;">Ospedale degli Innocenti</span></span></b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Italian pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="it-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian" title="Help:IPA/Italian">[ospeˈdaːle<span class="wrap"> </span>deʎʎ<span class="wrap"> </span>innoˈtʃɛnti]</a></span>; 'Hospital of the Innocents'), also known in old <a href="/wiki/Tuscan_dialect" title="Tuscan dialect">Tuscan dialect</a> as the <b><span title="Italian-language text"><span lang="it" style="font-style: normal;">Spedale degli Innocenti</span></span></b>, is a historic building in <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a>, Italy. It was designed by <a href="/wiki/Filippo_Brunelleschi" title="Filippo Brunelleschi">Filippo Brunelleschi</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fb_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fb-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who received the commission in 1419 from the <a href="/wiki/Arte_della_Seta" title="Arte della Seta">Arte della Seta</a>. It was originally a children's orphanage. It is regarded as a notable example of early Italian <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_architecture" title="Renaissance architecture">Renaissance architecture</a>. The hospital, which features a nine bay <a href="/wiki/Loggia" title="Loggia">loggia</a> facing the <a href="#Piazza_Santissima_Annunziata">Piazza SS. Annunziata</a>, was built and managed by the "Arte della Seta" or Silk <a href="/wiki/Guild_of_Florence" class="mw-redirect" title="Guild of Florence">Guild of Florence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-khan_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-khan-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That guild was one of the wealthiest in the city and, like most guilds, took upon itself philanthropic duties. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Spedale_innocenti,_putto.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Spedale_innocenti%2C_putto.JPG/220px-Spedale_innocenti%2C_putto.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Spedale_innocenti%2C_putto.JPG/330px-Spedale_innocenti%2C_putto.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Spedale_innocenti%2C_putto.JPG/440px-Spedale_innocenti%2C_putto.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Detail with one of the tondi.</figcaption></figure> <p>The building "is considered to be the first pure <a href="/wiki/Early_Renaissance" class="mw-redirect" title="Early Renaissance">Early Renaissance</a> structure."<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today the building houses a small museum of Renaissance art with works by <a href="/wiki/Luca_della_Robbia" title="Luca della Robbia">Luca della Robbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sandro_Botticelli" title="Sandro Botticelli">Sandro Botticelli</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Piero_di_Cosimo" title="Piero di Cosimo">Piero di Cosimo</a>, as well as an <a href="/wiki/Adoration_of_the_Magi" title="Adoration of the Magi">Adoration of the Magi</a> by <a href="/wiki/Domenico_Ghirlandaio" title="Domenico Ghirlandaio">Domenico Ghirlandaio</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The building currently serves as the base of operations for the <a href="/wiki/UNICEF#UNICEF_Innocenti_Research_Centre" title="UNICEF">UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-unicefinnocentihistory_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unicefinnocentihistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Façade"><span id="Fa.C3.A7ade"></span>Façade</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ospedale_degli_Innocenti&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Façade"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Adriano_Marinazzo_-_Progetto_Brunelleschi_-_Ospedale_Innocenti.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Adriano_Marinazzo_-_Progetto_Brunelleschi_-_Ospedale_Innocenti.jpg/420px-Adriano_Marinazzo_-_Progetto_Brunelleschi_-_Ospedale_Innocenti.jpg" decoding="async" width="420" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Adriano_Marinazzo_-_Progetto_Brunelleschi_-_Ospedale_Innocenti.jpg/630px-Adriano_Marinazzo_-_Progetto_Brunelleschi_-_Ospedale_Innocenti.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Adriano_Marinazzo_-_Progetto_Brunelleschi_-_Ospedale_Innocenti.jpg/840px-Adriano_Marinazzo_-_Progetto_Brunelleschi_-_Ospedale_Innocenti.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3400" data-file-height="1364" /></a><figcaption>Brunelleschi's original design of the <span title="Italian-language text"><span lang="it" style="font-style: normal;">Ospedale degli Innocenti</span></span>. Digital reconstruction by Adriano Marinazzo.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The central façade is made up of nine bays of semicircular arches springing from columns of the <a href="/wiki/Composite_order" title="Composite order">Composite order</a>, in an <a href="/wiki/Arcade_(architecture)" title="Arcade (architecture)">arcade</a> or <a href="/wiki/Loggia" title="Loggia">loggia</a> several steps above the square. The round arches are a revival of the style of <a href="/wiki/Classical_architecture" title="Classical architecture">classical architecture</a>, no longer using pointed arches. In the spandrels of the arches there are glazed blue <a href="/wiki/Terracotta" title="Terracotta">terracotta</a> <a href="/wiki/Roundels" class="mw-redirect" title="Roundels">roundels</a> with reliefs of babies designed by <a href="/wiki/Andrea_della_Robbia" title="Andrea della Robbia">Andrea della Robbia</a> suggesting the function of the building. There is a further bay at each end, with no steps and <a href="/wiki/Fluting_(architecture)" title="Fluting (architecture)">fluted</a> <a href="/wiki/Pilaster" title="Pilaster">pilasters</a>. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Benozzo_gozzoli,_funerali_di_sant%27Agostino,_san_gimignano.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Benozzo_gozzoli%2C_funerali_di_sant%27Agostino%2C_san_gimignano.jpg/300px-Benozzo_gozzoli%2C_funerali_di_sant%27Agostino%2C_san_gimignano.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Benozzo_gozzoli%2C_funerali_di_sant%27Agostino%2C_san_gimignano.jpg/450px-Benozzo_gozzoli%2C_funerali_di_sant%27Agostino%2C_san_gimignano.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Benozzo_gozzoli%2C_funerali_di_sant%27Agostino%2C_san_gimignano.jpg/600px-Benozzo_gozzoli%2C_funerali_di_sant%27Agostino%2C_san_gimignano.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Benozzo_Gozzoli" title="Benozzo Gozzoli">Benozzo Gozzoli</a>, <i>Burial of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Augustine" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Augustine">Saint Augustine</a></i> (1464–1465)<i>, Sant'Agostino, <a href="/wiki/San_Gimignano" title="San Gimignano">San Gimignano</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p>The upper floor is later; it was not in place in the 1460s, when the building is shown in the background of a fresco by <a href="/wiki/Benozzo_Gozzoli" title="Benozzo Gozzoli">Benozzo Gozzoli</a> of the <i>Burial of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Augustine" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Augustine">Saint Augustine</a></i> (1464–1465) in the church of Sant'Agostino in <a href="/wiki/San_Gimignano" title="San Gimignano">San Gimignano</a>. Above each semicircular arch, on the upper floor is a <a href="/wiki/Tabernacle_window" class="mw-redirect" title="Tabernacle window">tabernacle window</a>, with a triangular <a href="/wiki/Pediment" title="Pediment">pediment</a> on the top. </p><p>The building reveals a clean and clear sense of proportion. The height of the columns is the same as the width of the intercolumniation and the width of the arcade, making each bay a cube. The building's simple proportions reflect a new age, one of secular education, and a sense of great order and clarity. Similarly, the height of the entablature is half the column height, as is appropriate for a clear-minded society. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fresco_at_Ospedale_delgi_Innocenti_in_Florence,_Italy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Four Renaissance-style women frame the work in four corners. A man with the Medici coat of arms and five babies are in the center. Three religious scenes and one military scene are depicted too." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Fresco_at_Ospedale_delgi_Innocenti_in_Florence%2C_Italy.jpg/220px-Fresco_at_Ospedale_delgi_Innocenti_in_Florence%2C_Italy.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Fresco_at_Ospedale_delgi_Innocenti_in_Florence%2C_Italy.jpg/330px-Fresco_at_Ospedale_delgi_Innocenti_in_Florence%2C_Italy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Fresco_at_Ospedale_delgi_Innocenti_in_Florence%2C_Italy.jpg/440px-Fresco_at_Ospedale_delgi_Innocenti_in_Florence%2C_Italy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Children were sometimes abandoned in a basin which was located at the front portico. However, this basin was removed in 1660 and replaced by a wheel for secret refuge.<sup id="cite_ref-khan_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-khan-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There was a door with a special rotating horizontal wheel that brought the baby into the building without the parent being seen. This allowed people to leave their babies, anonymously, to be cared for by the orphanage. This system was in operation until the hospital's closure in 1875.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Domenico_e_david_ghirlandaio,_bartolomeo_di_giovanni,_adorazione_dei_magi,_1488-89,_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Domenico_e_david_ghirlandaio%2C_bartolomeo_di_giovanni%2C_adorazione_dei_magi%2C_1488-89%2C_01.jpg/220px-Domenico_e_david_ghirlandaio%2C_bartolomeo_di_giovanni%2C_adorazione_dei_magi%2C_1488-89%2C_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Domenico_e_david_ghirlandaio%2C_bartolomeo_di_giovanni%2C_adorazione_dei_magi%2C_1488-89%2C_01.jpg/330px-Domenico_e_david_ghirlandaio%2C_bartolomeo_di_giovanni%2C_adorazione_dei_magi%2C_1488-89%2C_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Domenico_e_david_ghirlandaio%2C_bartolomeo_di_giovanni%2C_adorazione_dei_magi%2C_1488-89%2C_01.jpg/440px-Domenico_e_david_ghirlandaio%2C_bartolomeo_di_giovanni%2C_adorazione_dei_magi%2C_1488-89%2C_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2508" data-file-height="2236" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Adoration_of_the_Magi" title="Adoration of the Magi">Adoration of the Magi</a> by <a href="/wiki/Domenico_Ghirlandaio" title="Domenico Ghirlandaio">Domenico Ghirlandaio</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Building_history">Building history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ospedale_degli_Innocenti&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Building history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Foundling Hospital was constructed in several phases and only the first phase (1419–1427) was under Brunelleschi's direct supervision.<sup id="cite_ref-khan_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-khan-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He managed the laying of foundations, raising of main walls, completion of the basement with a cryptoporticus beneath the cloister walks, and the lower part of the front facing loggia. Later phases added the attic story (1439), but omitted the pilasters that Brunelleschi seems to have envisioned, and expanded the building by one bay to the south (1430). The vaulted passageway in the bay to the left of the loggia was also added later. Since the loggia was started before the hospital was begun, the hospital was not formally opened until 1445.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ospedale_degli_Innocenti&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Brunelleschi's design was based on Classical Roman, Italian <a href="/wiki/Romanesque_architecture" title="Romanesque architecture">Romanesque</a> and late <a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Gothic architecture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fb_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fb-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The loggia was a well known building type, such as the <a href="/wiki/Loggia_dei_Lanzi" title="Loggia dei Lanzi">Loggia dei Lanzi</a>. But the use of round columns with classically correct <a href="/wiki/Capital_(architecture)" title="Capital (architecture)">capitals</a>, in this case of the <a href="/wiki/Composite_order" title="Composite order">composite order</a>, in conjunction with <a href="/wiki/Dosseret" class="mw-redirect" title="Dosseret">dosserets</a> (or impost blocks) was novel. So too, the circular <a href="/wiki/Arch" title="Arch">arches</a> and the segmented spherical <a href="/wiki/Dome" title="Dome">domes</a> behind them.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The architectural elements were also all articulated in grey stone (<a href="/wiki/Pietra_serena" title="Pietra serena">pietra serena</a>) and set off against the white of the walls. Also novel was the proportional logic. The heights of the columns, for example, was not arbitrary. If a horizontal line is drawn along the tops of the columns, a square is created out of the height of the column and the distance from one column to the next. This desire for regularity and geometric order was to become an important element in <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_architecture" title="Renaissance architecture">Renaissance architecture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_tondi">The tondi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ospedale_degli_Innocenti&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The tondi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Above each column is a ceramic <a href="/wiki/Tondo_(Art)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tondo (Art)">tondo</a>. These were originally meant by Brunelleschi to be blank concavities, but around 1490 <a href="/wiki/Andrea_della_Robbia" title="Andrea della Robbia">Andrea della Robbia</a> was commissioned to fill them in.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The design features a baby in swaddling clothes. A few of the tondi are still the original ones, but some are 19th century copies.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The insignia of the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Pediatrics" title="American Academy of Pediatrics">American Academy of Pediatrics</a> is based on one of the tondi.<sup id="cite_ref-khan_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-khan-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Piazza_Santissima_Annunziata">Piazza Santissima Annunziata</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ospedale_degli_Innocenti&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Piazza Santissima Annunziata"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Foundling Hospital defines the eastern side of the Piazza Santissima Annunziata, the other two principal facades of which were built later to imitate Brunelleschi's loggia. The piazza was not designed by Brunelleschi, as is sometimes reported in guide books. The west façade, the Loggia dei Servi di Maria, was designed by <a href="/wiki/Antonio_da_Sangallo_the_Elder" title="Antonio da Sangallo the Elder">Antonio da Sangallo the Elder</a> in the 1520s. It was built for the <a href="/wiki/Mendicant_order" class="mw-redirect" title="Mendicant order">mendicant order</a>, the Servi di Maria, but is today a hotel. The north side of the piazza is defined by the <a href="/wiki/Basilica_della_Santissima_Annunziata_di_Firenze" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica della Santissima Annunziata di Firenze">Basilica della Santissima Annunziata</a>, the Basilica of the Most Holy Annunciation. Though the building is much older, the facade was added in 1601 by the architect Giovanni Battista Caccini. The equestrian statue of <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Tuscany" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand I of Tuscany">Ferdinand I of Tuscany</a> was made by the noted sculptor <a href="/wiki/Giambologna" title="Giambologna">Giambologna</a> and placed there in 1608. The fountain was added in 1640.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_of_the_hospital">History of the hospital</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ospedale_degli_Innocenti&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: History of the hospital"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Claustre_dels_Homes_de_l%27Hospital_dels_Innocents_de_Flor%C3%A8ncia.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Claustre_dels_Homes_de_l%27Hospital_dels_Innocents_de_Flor%C3%A8ncia.JPG/220px-Claustre_dels_Homes_de_l%27Hospital_dels_Innocents_de_Flor%C3%A8ncia.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Claustre_dels_Homes_de_l%27Hospital_dels_Innocents_de_Flor%C3%A8ncia.JPG/330px-Claustre_dels_Homes_de_l%27Hospital_dels_Innocents_de_Flor%C3%A8ncia.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Claustre_dels_Homes_de_l%27Hospital_dels_Innocents_de_Flor%C3%A8ncia.JPG/440px-Claustre_dels_Homes_de_l%27Hospital_dels_Innocents_de_Flor%C3%A8ncia.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3044" data-file-height="2664" /></a><figcaption>Men's cloister (separate from the women's cloister).</figcaption></figure> <p>The <span title="Italian-language text"><span lang="it" style="font-style: normal;">Ospedale degli Innocenti</span></span> was a charity institution that was responsible for the welfare of abandoned children. It represented social and humanistic views of <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a> during the early <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a>. It can also explain how investors used Florence's charitable institutions as savings banks: A relationship between charity and Italian city-states can be depicted by using the Innocenti as a case study. Furthermore, the hospital remains as a significant place with a statement of compassion and care besides its unpleasant downfalls.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The Ospedale degli Innocenti's care was comprehensive and provided the children with the ability to rejoin society. The first infant abandoned was on February 5, 1445, ten days after opening.<sup id="cite_ref-khan_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-khan-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Babies were received, <a href="/wiki/Wet_nurse" title="Wet nurse">wet nursed</a> and weaned. Masters were hired to teach reading and writing to boys. Boys were taught skills according to their abilities while girls were sent to mistresses who taught them how to sew, cook and other such occupations. The hospital provided dowries for the girls, and they had the option of getting married or becoming nuns. In the late 1520s, an extension was built to the south along the Via de' Fibbiai. This was intentionally for women who did not marry or become a nun.<sup id="cite_ref-Gavitt_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gavitt-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ospedale_degli_innocenti,_chiostro_delle_donne_02.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Ospedale_degli_innocenti%2C_chiostro_delle_donne_02.JPG/220px-Ospedale_degli_innocenti%2C_chiostro_delle_donne_02.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Ospedale_degli_innocenti%2C_chiostro_delle_donne_02.JPG/330px-Ospedale_degli_innocenti%2C_chiostro_delle_donne_02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Ospedale_degli_innocenti%2C_chiostro_delle_donne_02.JPG/440px-Ospedale_degli_innocenti%2C_chiostro_delle_donne_02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Women's cloister (separate from the men's cloister).</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1552, <a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Borghini" title="Vincenzo Borghini">Vincenzo Borghini</a> was appointed spedalingo (superintendent) of the Innocenti. He was employed by <a href="/wiki/Cosimo_de%27_Medici" title="Cosimo de' Medici">Cosimo de' Medici</a>, Grand Duke of <a href="/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany">Tuscany</a>. Borghini's education as a <a href="/wiki/Benedictine" class="mw-redirect" title="Benedictine">Benedictine</a> monk molded the lives of children in the hospital. Borghini, after five months of becoming superintendent, wanted to get hold of the hospital's operai to eliminate wet nurses who defrauded the hospital.<sup id="cite_ref-Gavitt_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gavitt-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the main issues was that wet nursing increased the number of pregnancy.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Some would resort to feeding the infants with cow or goat's milk. Mothers would sometimes abandon their own children to feed a child from the hospital. Others would even abandon their own children at the Innocenti, get hired as a wet nurse, and end up feeding their own child with pay. There was also continuation of salary from the hospital after the death of an infant.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>There were three major years of great famine, 1556–57, 1567 and 1569–70.<sup id="cite_ref-Gavitt_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gavitt-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was due to an imbalance between population and agricultural capacity. It was very difficult to reduce cost while balancing high admissions. During the sixteenth century, an increase in population impacted the Innocenti as well as high wheat prices. In 1557, there were also problems with maintaining supplies of grain since flooding occurred in the Innocenti's storehouse.<sup id="cite_ref-Gavitt_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gavitt-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The hospital suffered from financial debt. The main problem was trying to balance expenses and revenues. Cosimo and Francesco had an unstable organization between private charity and finance and constantly over withdrew money. They had used the Innocenti as their personal charitable institution savings banks. The hospital's debt increased from 300,000 to 700,000 <a href="/wiki/Lira" title="Lira">lire</a>, however, its annual operating expenses were minimal (100,000 lire).<sup id="cite_ref-Gavitt_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gavitt-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Seventy-five percent of the hospital's debts were amounts owed to investors.<sup id="cite_ref-Gavitt_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gavitt-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The consequences of the debt led to the dismissal of girls and boys. Borghini requested that the children be given to high status people of good reputation. Boys were dismissed at the age of eighteen. Girls were tried to be placed in noble families with increased dowries for those who wanted to marry. Women who did not become nuns nor married were trained for trade and manual labor.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ospedale_degli_Innocenti&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In <a href="/wiki/E._M._Forster" title="E. M. Forster">E. M. Forster</a>'s 1908 novel <i><a href="/wiki/A_Room_with_a_View" title="A Room with a View">A Room with a View</a>,</i> Lucy expresses her preference for "the Della Robbia babies" over <a href="/wiki/Giotto" title="Giotto">Giotto</a> in Chapter 2, and she later purchases several photographs of "some Della Robbia Babies" in Chapter Four.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Post_Office_(Berkeley,_California)" title="United States Post Office (Berkeley, California)">United States Post Office (Berkeley, California)</a>, built in 1914–15, has been described as a "free adaptation" of Brunelleschi's hospital.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ospedale_degli_Innocenti&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ospedale_Niguarda_Ca%27_Granda" title="Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda">Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ospedale_degli_Innocenti&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>arcade</i>. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=arcade&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.date=2007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOspedale+degli+Innocenti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fb-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fb_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fb_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Brunelleschi, Filippo</i>. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Brunelleschi%2C+Filippo&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.date=2007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOspedale+degli+Innocenti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-khan-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-khan_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-khan_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-khan_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-khan_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-khan_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKahnFrohnaWald2002" class="citation journal cs1">Kahn, Lawrence, MD; Frohna, J. G.; Wald, E. R. (July 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/110/1/175">"The "Ospedale degli Innocenti" and the "Bambino" of the American Academy of Pediatrics"</a>. <i>Pediatrics</i>. <b>110</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">175–</span>180. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1542%2Fpeds.110.1.192">10.1542/peds.110.1.192</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12093967">12093967</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pediatrics&rft.atitle=The+%22Ospedale+degli+Innocenti%22+and+the+%22Bambino%22+of+the+American+Academy+of+Pediatrics&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E175-%3C%2Fspan%3E180&rft.date=2002-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1542%2Fpeds.110.1.192&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12093967&rft.aulast=Kahn&rft.aufirst=Lawrence%2C+MD&rft.au=Frohna%2C+J.+G.&rft.au=Wald%2C+E.+R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpediatrics.aappublications.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Ffull%2F110%2F1%2F175&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOspedale+degli+Innocenti" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeigert1961" class="citation book cs1">Weigert, Hans (1961). Busch, Harald; Lohse, Bernd (eds.). <i>Buildings of Europe: Renaissance Europe</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/The_Macmillan_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="The Macmillan Company">The Macmillan Company</a>. p. 6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Buildings+of+Europe%3A+Renaissance+Europe&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=6&rft.pub=The+Macmillan+Company&rft.date=1961&rft.aulast=Weigert&rft.aufirst=Hans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOspedale+degli+Innocenti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-unicefinnocentihistory-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-unicefinnocentihistory_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">UNICEF Innocenti (2021). History of Innocenti. UNICEF Office of Research – Innocenti. Retrieved on 2021-08-10 from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.unicef-irc.org/history-of-innocenti">https://www.unicef-irc.org/history-of-innocenti</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarinazzo2010" class="citation journal cs1">Marinazzo, Adriano (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/20299735">"La restituzione digitale della fronte porticata dell'Ospedale degli Innocenti da Brunelleschi a Della Luna (1420–1440)"</a>. <i>Il Mercante l'Ospedale I Fanciulli</i>: <span class="nowrap">86–</span>87.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Il+Mercante+l%27Ospedale+I+Fanciulli&rft.atitle=La+restituzione+digitale+della+fronte+porticata+dell%27Ospedale+degli+Innocenti+da+Brunelleschi+a+Della+Luna+%281420%E2%80%931440%29&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E86-%3C%2Fspan%3E87&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Marinazzo&rft.aufirst=Adriano&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F20299735&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOspedale+degli+Innocenti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eugenio Battisti. <i>Filippo Brunelleschi</i>. (New York: Rizzoli, 1981). *See also: Howard Saalman. <i>Filippo Brunelleschi: The Buildings</i>. (London: Zwemmer, 1993).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>architecture, Western:Early Renaissance in Italy (1401–95)</i>. 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October 1915, quoted in "National Register of Historic Places Inventory – Nomination Form"</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ospedale_degli_Innocenti&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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dell'Accademia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_(Michelangelo)" title="David (Michelangelo)"><i>David</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_of_Archimedes" title="Garden of Archimedes">Garden of Archimedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loggia_del_Bigallo" title="Loggia del Bigallo">Loggia del Bigallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loggia_dei_Lanzi" title="Loggia dei Lanzi">Loggia dei Lanzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loggia_del_Mercato_Nuovo" title="Loggia del Mercato Nuovo">Loggia del Mercato Nuovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loggia_del_Pesce" title="Loggia del Pesce">Loggia del Pesce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loggia_Rucellai" title="Loggia Rucellai">Loggia Rucellai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_dell%27Opera_del_Duomo_(Florence)" title="Museo dell'Opera del Duomo (Florence)">Museo dell'Opera del Duomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Galileo" title="Museo Galileo">Museo Galileo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Nazionale_Alinari_della_Fotografia" title="Museo Nazionale Alinari della Fotografia">Museo Nazionale Alinari della Fotografia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Nazionale_di_San_Marco" title="Museo Nazionale di San Marco">Museo Nazionale di San Marco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_di_Storia_Naturale_di_Firenze" title="Museo di Storia Naturale di Firenze">Museo di Storia Naturale di Firenze</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/La_Specola" title="La Specola">La Specola</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Archaeological_Museum,_Florence" title="National Archaeological Museum, Florence">National Archaeological Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orsanmichele" title="Orsanmichele">Orsanmichele</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ospedale degli Innocenti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_dell%27Arte_dei_Beccai" title="Palazzo dell'Arte dei Beccai">Palazzo dell'Arte dei Beccai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Davanzati" title="Palazzo Davanzati">Palazzo Davanzati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Della_Stufa" title="Palazzo Della Stufa">Palazzo Della Stufa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Gondi" title="Palazzo Gondi">Palazzo Gondi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Medici_Riccardi" title="Palazzo Medici Riccardi">Palazzo Medici Riccardi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magi_Chapel" title="Magi Chapel">Magi Chapel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Pitti" title="Palazzo Pitti">Palazzo Pitti</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Porcelain_Museum_(Florence)" title="Porcelain Museum (Florence)">Museo delle Porcellane</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Spini_Feroni" title="Palazzo Spini Feroni">Palazzo Spini Feroni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Strozzi" title="Palazzo Strozzi">Palazzo Strozzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Vecchio" title="Palazzo Vecchio">Palazzo Vecchio</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Studiolo_of_Francesco_I" title="Studiolo of Francesco I">Studiolo of Francesco I</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stibbert_Museum" title="Stibbert Museum">Stibbert Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uffizi" title="Uffizi">Uffizi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vasari_Corridor" title="Vasari Corridor">Vasari Corridor</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="12" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FlorenceCoA.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/FlorenceCoA.svg/60px-FlorenceCoA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/FlorenceCoA.svg/90px-FlorenceCoA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/FlorenceCoA.svg/120px-FlorenceCoA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="463" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Basilicas57" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Basilicas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Cathedral" title="Florence Cathedral">Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Croce,_Florence" title="Santa Croce, Florence">S Croce</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baroncelli_Chapel" title="Baroncelli Chapel">Baroncelli Chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pazzi_Chapel" title="Pazzi Chapel">Pazzi Chapel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_San_Lorenzo,_Florence" title="Basilica of San Lorenzo, Florence">S Lorenzo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medici_Chapels" title="Medici Chapels">Medici Chapels</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Novella" title="Santa Maria Novella">S Maria Novella</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tornabuoni_Chapel" title="Tornabuoni Chapel">Tornabuoni Chapel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santissima_Annunziata,_Florence" title="Santissima Annunziata, Florence">SS Annunziata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Marco,_Florence" title="San Marco, Florence">S Marco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_del_Carmine,_Florence" title="Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence">S Maria del Carmine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brancacci_Chapel" title="Brancacci Chapel">Brancacci Chapel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Miniato_al_Monte" title="San Miniato al Monte">S Miniato al Monte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santo_Spirito,_Florence" title="Santo Spirito, Florence">S Spirito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Trinita" title="Santa Trinita">S Trinita</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bartolini_Salimbeni_Chapel" title="Bartolini Salimbeni Chapel">Bartolini Salimbeni Chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sassetti_Chapel" title="Sassetti Chapel">Sassetti Chapel</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Churches_in_Florence" title="Category:Churches in Florence">Churches</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badia_Fiorentina" title="Badia Fiorentina">Badia Fiorentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Baptistery" title="Florence Baptistery">Battistero di San Giovanni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Charterhouse" title="Florence Charterhouse">Certosa del Galluzzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ognissanti,_Florence" title="Ognissanti, Florence">Ognissanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oratorio_dei_Vanchetoni" title="Oratorio dei Vanchetoni">Oratorio dei Vanchetoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oratory_of_Ges%C3%B9_Pellegrino" title="Oratory of Gesù Pellegrino">Oratory of Gesù Pellegrino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oratory_of_St_Thomas_Aquinas,_Florence" title="Oratory of St Thomas Aquinas, Florence">Oratory of S Thomas Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orsanmichele" title="Orsanmichele">Orsanmichele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Ambrogio,_Florence" title="Sant'Ambrogio, Florence">S Ambrogio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Apostoli,_Florence" title="Santi Apostoli, Florence">Ss Apostoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Felicita,_Florence" title="Santa Felicita, Florence">S Felicita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Frediano_in_Cestello" title="San Frediano in Cestello">S Frediano in Cestello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Gaetano,_Florence" title="San Gaetano, Florence">S Gaetano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Giovannino_degli_Scolopi" title="San Giovannino degli Scolopi">S Giovannino degli Scolopi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Giovannino_dei_Cavalieri" title="San Giovannino dei Cavalieri">S Giovannino dei Cavalieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jacopo_sopr%27Arno" title="San Jacopo sopr'Arno">S Jacopo sopr'Arno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_degli_Angeli,_Florence" title="Santa Maria degli Angeli, Florence">S Maria degli Angeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maddalena_dei_Pazzi" title="Santa Maria Maddalena dei Pazzi">S Maria Maddalena dei Pazzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore,_Florence" title="Santa Maria Maggiore, Florence">S Maria Maggiore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Martino_del_Vescovo" title="San Martino del Vescovo">S Martino del Vescovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Pancrazio,_Florence" title="San Pancrazio, Florence">S Pancrazio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Salvatore_al_Vescovo" title="San Salvatore al Vescovo">S Salvatore al Vescovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Salvi" title="San Salvi">S Salvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Simone_e_Giuda,_Florence" title="Santi Simone e Giuda, Florence">Ss Simone e Giuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santo_Stefano_al_Ponte" title="Santo Stefano al Ponte">S Stefano al Ponte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Synagogue_of_Florence" title="Great Synagogue of Florence">Great Synagogue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Towers (Torri)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Torre_degli_Amidei" title="Torre degli Amidei">degli Amidei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torre_degli_Alberti" title="Torre degli Alberti">degli Alberti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torre_dei_Belfredelli" title="Torre dei Belfredelli">dei Belfredelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torre_dei_Della_Bella" title="Torre dei Della Bella">dei Della Bella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torre_dei_Gianfigliazzi" title="Torre dei Gianfigliazzi">dei Gianfigliazzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torre_dei_Mannelli" title="Torre dei Mannelli">dei Mannelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torre_dei_Pulci" title="Torre dei Pulci">dei Pulci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giotto%27s_Campanile" title="Giotto's Campanile">Giotto's Campanile</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Library</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Riccardiana" title="Biblioteca Riccardiana">Biblioteca Riccardiana</a> (<a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Medici_Riccardi" title="Palazzo Medici Riccardi">Palazzo Medici Riccardi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Institute_of_Florence" title="British Institute of Florence">British Institute of Florence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabinetto_Vieusseux" title="Gabinetto Vieusseux">Gabinetto Vieusseux</a> (<a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Strozzi" title="Palazzo Strozzi">Palazzo Strozzi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunsthistorisches_Institut_in_Florenz" title="Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz">Kunsthistorisches Institut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurentian_Library" title="Laurentian Library">Laurentian Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Central_Library_(Florence)" title="National Central Library (Florence)">National Central Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fountain_of_Neptune,_Florence" title="Fountain of Neptune, Florence">Fountain of Neptune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giotto%27s_Campanile" title="Giotto's Campanile">Giotto's Campanile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monument_to_Dante" title="Monument to Dante">Monument to Dante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponte_Vecchio" title="Ponte Vecchio">Ponte Vecchio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theatres_in_Florence" title="Theatres in Florence">Theatres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teatro_Comunale,_Florence" title="Teatro Comunale, Florence">Teatro Comunale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teatro_della_Pergola" title="Teatro della Pergola">Teatro della Pergola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teatro_Verdi_(Florence)" title="Teatro Verdi (Florence)">Teatro Verdi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_squares_in_Florence" title="List of squares in Florence">Squares</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_del_Duomo,_Florence" title="Piazza del Duomo, Florence">Piazza del Duomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_della_Repubblica,_Florence" title="Piazza della Repubblica, Florence">Piazza della Repubblica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_della_Signoria" title="Piazza della Signoria">Piazza della Signoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_Santa_Croce" title="Piazza Santa Croce">Piazza Santa Croce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_San_Lorenzo" title="Piazza San Lorenzo">Piazza San Lorenzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazzale_Michelangelo" title="Piazzale Michelangelo">Piazzale Michelangelo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Streets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Via_Camillo_Cavour" title="Via Camillo Cavour">Via Cavour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Via_de%27_Tornabuoni" title="Via de' Tornabuoni">Via de' Tornabuoni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Forts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belvedere_(fort)" title="Belvedere (fort)">Belvedere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortezza_da_Basso" title="Fortezza da Basso">Fortezza da Basso</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gardens and parks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bardini_Gardens" title="Bardini Gardens">Bardini Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boboli_Gardens" title="Boboli Gardens">Boboli Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giardino_dell%27Iris" title="Giardino dell'Iris">Giardino dell'Iris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giardino_delle_Rose" title="Giardino delle Rose">Giardino delle Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orto_Botanico_di_Firenze" title="Orto Botanico di Firenze">Orto Botanico di Firenze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parco_delle_Cascine" title="Parco delle Cascine">Parco delle Cascine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Villas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medici_villas" title="Medici villas">Medici villas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Villa_di_Castello" title="Villa di Castello">di Castello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_La_Petraia" title="Villa La Petraia">La Petraia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Medici_at_Careggi" title="Villa Medici at Careggi">di Careggi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Medicea_L%27Ambrogiana" title="Villa Medicea L'Ambrogiana">Medicea L'Ambrogiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_del_Poggio_Imperiale" title="Villa del Poggio Imperiale">del Poggio Imperiale</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Gamberaia" title="Villa Gamberaia">Gamberaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_I_Tatti" title="Villa I Tatti">I Tatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Il_Gioiello" title="Villa Il Gioiello">Il Gioiello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_La_Pietra" title="Villa La Pietra">La Pietra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Rusciano" title="Villa Rusciano">Rusciano</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events and traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcio_storico_fiorentino" title="Calcio storico fiorentino">Calcio storico fiorentino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggio_Musicale_Fiorentino" title="Maggio Musicale Fiorentino">Maggio Musicale Fiorentino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scoppio_del_carro" title="Scoppio del carro">Scoppio del carro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Districts_of_Florence" title="Category:Districts of Florence">Districts of Florence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Florence" title="Trams in Florence">Trams in Florence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Filippo_Brunelleschi73" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Filippo_Brunelleschi" title="Template:Filippo Brunelleschi"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Filippo_Brunelleschi" title="Template talk:Filippo Brunelleschi"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Filippo_Brunelleschi" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Filippo Brunelleschi"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Filippo_Brunelleschi73" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Filippo_Brunelleschi" title="Filippo Brunelleschi">Filippo Brunelleschi</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Churches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/San_Lorenzo,_Florence" class="mw-redirect" title="San Lorenzo, Florence">San Lorenzo, Florence</a> (begun c. 1419)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_degli_Angeli,_Florence" title="Santa Maria degli Angeli, Florence">Santa Maria degli Angeli, Florence</a> (1434–1437; unfinished)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santo_Spirito,_Florence" title="Santo Spirito, Florence">Santo Spirito, Florence</a> (ground broken, 1446)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Cathedral" title="Florence Cathedral">Florence Cathedral</a> (began work on the dome, 1446)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chapels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capponi_Chapel" title="Capponi Chapel">Capponi Chapel</a> (begun 1420)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pazzi_Chapel" title="Pazzi Chapel">Pazzi Chapel</a> (1442–1443)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Secular buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ospedale degli Innocenti</a> (begun 1419)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_di_Parte_Guelfa" title="Palazzo di Parte Guelfa">Palazzo di Parte Guelfa</a> (hall of the first floor, 1430s)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sculptures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter_(Brunelleschi)" title="Saint Peter (Brunelleschi)">Saint Peter</a></i> (c. 1412; attributed)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brunelleschi_Crucifix" title="Brunelleschi Crucifix">Crucifix</a></i> (c. 1410–1415)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perspective_(graphical)" title="Perspective (graphical)">Perspective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6055_Brunelleschi" class="mw-redirect" title="6055 Brunelleschi">6055 Brunelleschi</a> (asteroid)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunelleschi_(crater)" title="Brunelleschi (crater)">Brunelleschi</a> (Mercury crater)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Medici_(TV_series)" title="Medici (TV series)">Medici</a></i> (2016 TV series)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1257947#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1015" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1257947#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1015" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1257947#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" 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style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/16316511-7">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n90651819">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12302164z">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12302164z">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007266112405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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