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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Flora_and_fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flora_and_fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Flora and fauna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flora_and_fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-High_Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#High_Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>High Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-High_Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Late_Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Late Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late_Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-Medieval" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-Medieval"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Post-Medieval</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-Medieval-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Traditions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Traditions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Architecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Energy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Energy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coat_of_arms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coat_of_arms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Coat of arms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coat_of_arms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Towns_and_municipalities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Towns_and_municipalities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Towns and municipalities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Towns_and_municipalities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twinning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twinning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Twinning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twinning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_residents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_residents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notable residents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_residents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Dithmarschen</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 44 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">44 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithmarschen" title="Dithmarschen – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Districto_de_Dithmarschen" title="Districto de Dithmarschen – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Districto de Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithmarschen_K%C5%ABn" title="Dithmarschen Kūn – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Dithmarschen Kūn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithmarschen" title="Dithmarschen – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreis_Dithmarschen" title="Kreis Dithmarschen – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kreis Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemsk%C3%BD_okres_Dithmarsche" title="Zemský okres Dithmarsche – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zemský okres Dithmarsche" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreis_Dithmarschen" title="Kreis Dithmarschen – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kreis Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreis_Dithmarschen" title="Kreis Dithmarschen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kreis Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithmarschen" title="Dithmarschen – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distrito_de_Dithmarschen" title="Distrito de Dithmarschen – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Distrito de Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distrikto_Dithmarschen" title="Distrikto Dithmarschen – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Distrikto Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%86" title="دیمارشن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دیمارشن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrondissement_de_Dithmarse" title="Arrondissement de Dithmarse – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Arrondissement de Dithmarse" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%94%94%ED%8A%B8%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%EC%85%B4" title="디트마르셴 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="디트마르셴" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithmarschen_(okrug)" title="Dithmarschen (okrug) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Dithmarschen (okrug)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithmarschen" title="Dithmarschen – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subdistrict_Dithmarschen" title="Subdistrict Dithmarschen – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Subdistrict Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9E%C3%A9ttmerski" title="Þéttmerski – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Þéttmerski" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circondario_del_Dithmarschen" title="Circondario del Dithmarschen – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Circondario del Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%97%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="დითმარშენი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დითმარშენი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD_(%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD)" title="Дитмаршен (аудан) – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Дитмаршен (аудан)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithmarschen" title="Dithmarschen – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreis_Dithmarschen" title="Kreis Dithmarschen – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Kreis Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithmarsia" title="Dithmarsia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Dithmarsia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Дитмаршен – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Дитмаршен" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithmarschen" title="Dithmarschen – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreis_Dithmarschen" title="Kreis Dithmarschen – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kreis Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreis_Dithmarschen" title="Kreis Dithmarschen – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kreis Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ditmarsken" title="Ditmarsken – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ditmarsken" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithmarschen_(tuman)" title="Dithmarschen (tuman) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Dithmarschen (tuman)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%88%D8%AA%DA%BE%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%86" title="ڈتھمارشن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ڈتھمارشن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powiat_Dithmarschen" title="Powiat Dithmarschen – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Powiat Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithmarschen" title="Dithmarschen – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Districtul_Dithmarschen" title="Districtul Dithmarschen – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Districtul Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Дитмаршен – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дитмаршен" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kring_Dithmarschen" title="Kring Dithmarschen – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Kring Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithmarschen" title="Dithmarschen – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithmarschen" title="Dithmarschen – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreis_Dithmarschen" title="Kreis Dithmarschen – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kreis Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithmarschen" title="Dithmarschen – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Дітмаршен – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Дітмаршен" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithmarschen" title="Dithmarschen – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithmarschen" title="Dithmarschen – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Dithmarschen" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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class="latitude">54°05′N</span> <span class="longitude">9°05′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">54.08°N 9.08°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">54.08; 9.08</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-toggle,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-image,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-imageright,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-empty-cell,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}</style><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This article has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Dithmarschen" title="Special:EditPage/Dithmarschen">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Talk:Dithmarschen" title="Talk:Dithmarschen">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Dithmarschen" title="Special:EditPage/Dithmarschen">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Dithmarschen%22">"Dithmarschen"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Dithmarschen%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Dithmarschen%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Dithmarschen%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Dithmarschen%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Dithmarschen%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2008</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_footnotes_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes_needed" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a list of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#General_references" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">general references</a>, but <b>it lacks sufficient corresponding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2008</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">District in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Dithmarschen</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Germany" title="Districts of Germany">District</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Kreis_Dithmarschen.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Dithmarschen"><img alt="Flag of Dithmarschen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Flagge_Kreis_Dithmarschen.svg/100px-Flagge_Kreis_Dithmarschen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Flagge_Kreis_Dithmarschen.svg/150px-Flagge_Kreis_Dithmarschen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Flagge_Kreis_Dithmarschen.svg/200px-Flagge_Kreis_Dithmarschen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DEU_Kreis_Dithmarschen_COA.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Dithmarschen"><img alt="Coat of arms of Dithmarschen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/DEU_Kreis_Dithmarschen_COA.svg/86px-DEU_Kreis_Dithmarschen_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="86" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/DEU_Kreis_Dithmarschen_COA.svg/129px-DEU_Kreis_Dithmarschen_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/DEU_Kreis_Dithmarschen_COA.svg/172px-DEU_Kreis_Dithmarschen_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="464" data-file-height="540" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Schleswig-Holstein_HEI.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Schleswig-Holstein_HEI.svg/250px-Schleswig-Holstein_HEI.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Schleswig-Holstein_HEI.svg/375px-Schleswig-Holstein_HEI.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Schleswig-Holstein_HEI.svg/500px-Schleswig-Holstein_HEI.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="967" data-file-height="774" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Schleswig-Holstein" title="Schleswig-Holstein">Schleswig-Holstein</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Heide" title="Heide">Heide</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • District admin.</th><td class="infobox-data">Stefan Mohrdieck</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,405 km<sup>2</sup> (542 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(31 December 2022)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">135,252</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">96/km<sup>2</sup> (250/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B01:00" title="UTC+01:00">UTC+01:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B02:00" title="UTC+02:00">UTC+02:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plate" title="Vehicle registration plate">Vehicle registration</a></th><td class="infobox-data">HEI, MED</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dithmarschen.de">dithmarschen.de</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Dithmarschen</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">German pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="de-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈdɪtmaʁʃn̩]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/c\/c7\/De-Dithmarschen.ogg\/De-Dithmarschen.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"De-Dithmarschen.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/De-Dithmarschen.ogg/De-Dithmarschen.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:De-Dithmarschen.ogg" title="File:De-Dithmarschen.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Northern_Low_Saxon" title="Northern Low Saxon">Low Saxon</a>:</small> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="nds-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[ˈdɪtmaːʃn̩]</a></span>; archaic English: <i>Ditmarsh</i>; <a href="/wiki/Danish_language" title="Danish language">Danish</a>: <i lang="da">Ditmarsken</i>; <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Latin" title="Medieval Latin">Medieval Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Tedmarsgo</i>) is a district in <a href="/wiki/Schleswig-Holstein" title="Schleswig-Holstein">Schleswig-Holstein</a>, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of <a href="/wiki/Nordfriesland" class="mw-redirect" title="Nordfriesland">Nordfriesland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Schleswig-Flensburg" title="Schleswig-Flensburg">Schleswig-Flensburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rendsburg-Eckernf%C3%B6rde" title="Rendsburg-Eckernförde">Rendsburg-Eckernförde</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Steinburg" title="Steinburg">Steinburg</a>, by the state of <a href="/wiki/Lower_Saxony" title="Lower Saxony">Lower Saxony</a> (district of <a href="/wiki/Stade_(district)" title="Stade (district)">Stade</a>, from which it is separated by the <a href="/wiki/Elbe" title="Elbe">Elbe</a> river), and by the <a href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</a>. From the 13th century up to 1559 Dithmarschen was an independent <a href="/wiki/Peasant_republic" title="Peasant republic">peasant republic</a> within the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> and a member of the <a href="/wiki/Hanseatic_League" title="Hanseatic League">Hanseatic League</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hedwigenkoog.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Hedwigenkoog.JPG/220px-Hedwigenkoog.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Hedwigenkoog.JPG/330px-Hedwigenkoog.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Hedwigenkoog.JPG/440px-Hedwigenkoog.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Marshland in northern Dithmarschen</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Buesum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Buesum.jpg/220px-Buesum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Buesum.jpg/330px-Buesum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Buesum.jpg/440px-Buesum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Wadden_Sea" title="Wadden Sea">Wadden Sea</a> at Büsum</figcaption></figure> <p>The district is located on the <a href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</a>. It is embraced by the <a href="/wiki/Elbe" title="Elbe">Elbe</a> estuary to the south and the <a href="/wiki/Eider_(river)" title="Eider (river)">Eider</a> estuary to the north. Today it forms a kind of <a href="/wiki/Artificial_island" title="Artificial island">artificial island</a>, surrounded by the Eider river in the north and the <a href="/wiki/Kiel_Canal" title="Kiel Canal">Kiel Canal</a> in both the east and southeast. It is a rather flat countryside that was once full of fens and swamps. </p><p>To the north it borders on <a href="/wiki/Nordfriesland" class="mw-redirect" title="Nordfriesland">Nordfriesland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Schleswig-Flensburg" title="Schleswig-Flensburg">Schleswig-Flensburg</a>, to the east on <a href="/wiki/Rendsburg-Eckernf%C3%B6rde" title="Rendsburg-Eckernförde">Rendsburg-Eckernförde</a>, and in the southeast on <a href="/wiki/Steinburg" title="Steinburg">Steinburg</a>. Its landward boundaries have remained basically the same since the times of <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a>. <a href="/wiki/Land_reclamation" title="Land reclamation">Land reclamation</a>, however, has almost doubled the size of Dithmarschen as land has been wrested from the sea. </p><p>The main roads and rail lines in Schleswig-Holstein follow a north–south direction, making Hamburg its most accessible city. </p><p>The district has a maximum north–south length of 54 kilometers and an east–west length of 41 kilometers. The highest point, near Schrum in the <a href="/wiki/Geest" title="Geest">geestland</a>, is 78 metres (256 ft) meters above sea level and the lowest point, near Burg, is 0.5 metres (1 ft 8 in) below sea level. </p><p>Dithmarschen's landscape owes its character to the North Sea. From west to east Dithmarschen consists of the <a href="/wiki/Wadden_Sea" title="Wadden Sea">Wadden Sea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marsh" title="Marsh">marsh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bog" title="Bog">bog</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Geest" title="Geest">geestland</a>. The North Sea had a higher sea level 6,500 years ago than today and the coastline then ran along the geestland. About 4,500 years ago, geestland structures were connected by sand and gravel depositions that formed <a href="/wiki/Spit_(landform)" title="Spit (landform)">spits</a>. Bogs, lakes, and swamps emerged as the area behind the spits no longer flooded. After the first plants (<a href="/wiki/Glasswort" title="Glasswort">glasswort</a>) took root, the land transformed first to salt marshes and finally to marshes. These marshes rank among the most fertile of Germany's soils. Vegetable farming in Dithmarschen produces the highest yields in Schleswig-Holstein. </p><p>Since about the 8th century, the people of Dithmarschen have been living on <a href="/wiki/Artificial_dwelling_hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Artificial dwelling hill">warfts</a> for protection from the sea. In the 12th century, they began building <a href="/wiki/Dike_(construction)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dike (construction)">dikes</a> to protect their pastures and fields. Since about the 15th century, they have been reclaiming land from the sea. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flora_and_fauna">Flora and fauna</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Flora and fauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Baeume_im_Westwind.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Baeume_im_Westwind.JPG/220px-Baeume_im_Westwind.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Baeume_im_Westwind.JPG/330px-Baeume_im_Westwind.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Baeume_im_Westwind.JPG/440px-Baeume_im_Westwind.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Wind influences tree growth</figcaption></figure> <p>While the Geest has some woods, trees are found in marshlands only in form of wind protection around houses or villages. Traditional are the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wallhecke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wallhecke (page does not exist)">Knicks</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallhecke" class="extiw" title="de:Wallhecke">de</a>]</span>, tree rows with strong undergrowth to protect agricultural land from the wind. </p><p>In Dithmarschen lay several bogs. A special position is taken with the "Weißes Moor" (White bog), the only bog still existing in quite natural shape in the Schleswig-Holstein marsh land. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Phoca_vitulina_he.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Phoca_vitulina_he.jpg/220px-Phoca_vitulina_he.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Phoca_vitulina_he.jpg/330px-Phoca_vitulina_he.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Phoca_vitulina_he.jpg/440px-Phoca_vitulina_he.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1040" data-file-height="661" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Common_seal" class="mw-redirect" title="Common seal">Common seal</a> on a sand bank</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BrantaLeucopsisFilghtB.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/BrantaLeucopsisFilghtB.jpg/220px-BrantaLeucopsisFilghtB.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/BrantaLeucopsisFilghtB.jpg/330px-BrantaLeucopsisFilghtB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/BrantaLeucopsisFilghtB.jpg/440px-BrantaLeucopsisFilghtB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2793" data-file-height="1862" /></a><figcaption>Barnacle goose in flight</figcaption></figure> <p>Part of the <a href="/wiki/Schleswig-Holstein_Wadden_Sea_National_Park" title="Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea National Park">Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea National Park</a> is in Dithmarschen. It is the most important habitat in the district. Many molluscs can be found here, including <a href="/wiki/Bivalve" class="mw-redirect" title="Bivalve">bivalves</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gastropods" class="mw-redirect" title="Gastropods">gastropods</a>, <a href="/wiki/Worm" title="Worm">worms</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crustaceans" class="mw-redirect" title="Crustaceans">crustaceans</a>, which provide food to larger animals. Fish use the Wadden Sea as a "Kindergarten" where they can raise their offspring in a protected environment. Although many species of birds settle permanently in the Wadden Sea, many others use it as a winter habitat or as a resting place. Typical birds in Dithmarschen are <a href="/wiki/Dunlin" title="Dunlin">dunlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red_knot" title="Red knot">red knot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bar-tailed_godwit" title="Bar-tailed godwit">bar-tailed godwit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_lapwing" title="Northern lapwing">northern lapwings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ringed_plover" class="mw-redirect" title="Ringed plover">ringed plover</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_oystercatcher" title="Eurasian oystercatcher">Eurasian oystercatcher</a>, many species of <a href="/wiki/Duck" title="Duck">duck</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gull" title="Gull">gull</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sandwich_tern" title="Sandwich tern">sandwich tern</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pied_avocet" title="Pied avocet">pied avocet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brent_goose" class="mw-redirect" title="Brent goose">brent goose</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barnacle_goose" title="Barnacle goose">barnacle goose</a>. 200,000 <a href="/wiki/Common_shelduck" title="Common shelduck">common shelducks</a> alone come in August, The shelducks lose their feathers in the Wadden Sea and therefore are for around three weeks unable to fly. The majority of common shelducks in North Western Europe travel to the area at this time. Big <a href="/wiki/Salt_marsh" title="Salt marsh">salt marshes</a> are at the Friedrichskoog coast and in the Neufeld Bay. </p><p>Three sand banks, <a href="/wiki/Trischen" title="Trischen">Trischen</a>, Tertius and <a href="/wiki/Blauort" title="Blauort">Blauort</a> are in the sea. They are some of only a few still natural habitats at the German coast and of importance to sea birds and seals. After futile attempts in the 1930s to make them habitable to humans, they are now part of the national park, forbidden to humans. Many birds preferring wet grasslands live in the <a href="/wiki/Eider-Treene_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Eider-Treene Valley">Eider-Treene Valley</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="High_Middle_Ages">High Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: High Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:L%C3%A4mmer_und_Mutter.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/L%C3%A4mmer_und_Mutter.JPG/200px-L%C3%A4mmer_und_Mutter.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/L%C3%A4mmer_und_Mutter.JPG/300px-L%C3%A4mmer_und_Mutter.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/L%C3%A4mmer_und_Mutter.JPG/400px-L%C3%A4mmer_und_Mutter.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Landscape with ewes and lambs</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">medieval times</a> the <a href="/wiki/Marsh" title="Marsh">marshland</a> villages of Dithmarschen enjoyed remarkable autonomy. Neighbouring princes often tried to bring Dithmarschen under their control. </p><p>After 1180 Prince-Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Siegfried,_Count_of_Anhalt" class="mw-redirect" title="Siegfried, Count of Anhalt">Siegfried</a> ceded Dithmarschen, which was supposed to belong to his <a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Bremen" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of Bremen">Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen</a>, to his brother <a href="/wiki/Bernhard,_Count_of_Anhalt" title="Bernhard, Count of Anhalt">Bernhard III</a>, Duke of the <a href="/wiki/Saxe-Wittenberg" title="Saxe-Wittenberg">younger Duchy of Saxony</a>. In his new position of Duke of Saxony he held the <a href="/wiki/Land_of_Hadeln" class="mw-redirect" title="Land of Hadeln">Land of Hadeln</a>, opposite of Dithmarschen on the southern bank of the river <a href="/wiki/Elbe" title="Elbe">Elbe</a>. <a href="/wiki/Adolf_III_of_Holstein" title="Adolf III of Holstein">Adolf III of Schauenburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Count_of_Holstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Count of Holstein">Count of Holstein</a>, at enmity with the <a href="/wiki/Ascanian" class="mw-redirect" title="Ascanian">Ascanians</a>, had de facto taken a loose possession of Dithmarschen. It fell to Bernhard to regain the territory, but he failed, only forcing Adolf to accept his overlordship of Dithmarschen. </p><p>Prince-Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Hartwig_of_Uthlede" title="Hartwig of Uthlede">Hartwig II</a> prepared a campaign into Dithmarschen, which, while religiously belonging to the <a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Bremen" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of Bremen">Archdiocese of Bremen</a>, and represented by its subsidiary <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_chapter" title="Cathedral chapter">chapter</a> at <a href="/wiki/Hamburg_Concathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamburg Concathedral">Hamburg Concathedral</a>, rejected secular overlordship from Bremen. He persuaded Adolf III to waive his claim to Dithmarschen, in return for being paid regular dues to be levied from the Ditmarsians after subjugation. In 1187 and 1188 Hartwig and his ally <a href="/wiki/Maurice,_Count_of_Oldenburg" title="Maurice, Count of Oldenburg">Maurice I, Count of Oldenburg</a>, heading their troops, invaded Dithmarschen. The free peasants promised to pay him dues, only to ridicule and renounce Hartwig, once he and his soldiers had left. The Ditmarsians gained support from <a href="/wiki/Valdemar_of_Denmark_(bishop)" title="Valdemar of Denmark (bishop)">Valdemar</a>, steward of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Schleswig" title="Duchy of Schleswig">Duchy of Schleswig</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Schleswig" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Schleswig">Bishop of Schleswig</a>. Hartwig, owing dues to Adolf III and the soldiers' pay to Maurice I, was trapped and could not afford to wage a second war. </p><p>In 1192 the Bremian Chapter elected Valdemar as its new Prince-Archbishop. Valdemar welcomed his election, hoping his new position could be helpful in his dispute with <a href="/wiki/Valdemar_II_of_Denmark" title="Valdemar II of Denmark">Duke Valdemar</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Schleswig" title="Duchy of Schleswig">Schleswig</a> and his elder brother <a href="/wiki/Canute_VI_of_Denmark" title="Canute VI of Denmark">Canute VI of Denmark</a>. Before entering the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen he won the support of Dithmarschen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Late_Middle_Ages">Late Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Late Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 15th century the Ditmarsians confederated in a <a href="/wiki/Peasant_republic" title="Peasant republic">peasant republic</a>. Though several times neighbouring princely rulers, accompanied by their <a href="/wiki/Knight" title="Knight">knights</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mercenaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercenaries">mercenaries</a>, attempted to subjugate the independent peasants to feudalism, they were unsuccessful. In 1319 <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerhard III">Gerhard III</a> was repelled in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_W%C3%B6hrden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Wöhrden (page does not exist)">Battle of Wöhrden</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schlacht_von_W%C3%B6hrden" class="extiw" title="de:Schlacht von Wöhrden">de</a>]</span>. After <a href="/wiki/Eric_IV,_Duke_of_Saxe-Lauenburg" title="Eric IV, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg">Eric IV, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg</a> had raided Dithmarschen, the Ditmarsians blamed his son-in-law, <a href="/wiki/Albert_II,_Count_of_Holstein-Rendsburg" title="Albert II, Count of Holstein-Rendsburg">Albert II, Count of Holstein-Rendsburg</a>, for complicity, who then used this as a pretext for his own unsuccessful conquest attempt in 1403, dying during the campaign from inflicted injuries. In 1468 Dithmarschen allied with <a href="/wiki/Free_City_of_L%C3%BCbeck" class="mw-redirect" title="Free City of Lübeck">Lübeck</a> to protect their common interest as to commerce and containing the spreading feudalism in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-Dollinger_1998_124_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dollinger_1998_124-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Based on the Hanseatic obligations and privileges from the pact signed with Lübeck, Ditmarsians had established trade with <a href="/wiki/Livonia" title="Livonia">Livonia</a> and neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic</a> destinations in the 15th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Dollinger_1998_124_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dollinger_1998_124-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both parties renewed their alliance several times and it thus lasted until Dithmarschen's final defeat and Dano-Holsatian annexation in 1559.<sup id="cite_ref-Dollinger_1998_124_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dollinger_1998_124-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1484 <a href="/wiki/Magnus_I,_Duke_of_Saxe-Lauenburg" title="Magnus I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg">Magnus of Saxe-Lauenburg</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> then vicegerent of the Land of Hadeln, failed to subjugate the free <a href="/wiki/Frisians" title="Frisians">Frisian</a> peasants in the <a href="/wiki/Land_Wursten" title="Land Wursten">Land of Wursten</a>, a de facto autonomous region in a North Sea marsh at the <a href="/wiki/Weser" title="Weser">Weser</a> estuary, which was under the loose overlordship of the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen.<sup id="cite_ref-Krause_1881_184_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krause_1881_184-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schütz_1995_266_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schütz_1995_266-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This foreshadowed a series of feudal attempts to subdue regions of free peasants, an alarming signal for the Ditmarsians and the free peasants in other marshes in the area.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 1499 Count <a href="/wiki/John_V,_Count_of_Oldenburg" title="John V, Count of Oldenburg">John XIV</a> of <a href="/wiki/County_of_Oldenburg" title="County of Oldenburg">Oldenburg</a> invaded the Weser and North Sea marshes of <a href="/wiki/Stadland" title="Stadland">Stadland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Butjadingen" title="Butjadingen">Butjadingen</a>, both of which the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen claimed overlordship over, in order to subject their free peasants.<sup id="cite_ref-Schütz_1995_266_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schütz_1995_266-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bremen's prince-archbishop <a href="/wiki/Johann_Rode_von_Wale" title="Johann Rode von Wale">Johann Rode</a> tried to form a military alliance to repel these invasions, and prevent further ones, first rallying the cities of <a href="/wiki/Bremen" title="Bremen">Bremen</a>, Hamburg and <a href="/wiki/Stade" title="Stade">Stade</a>, as they considered the areas downstream of the rivers <a href="/wiki/Elbe" title="Elbe">Elbe</a> and Weser their own front yard: essential for their free maritime trade connections. Rode won the Ditmarsians too, for a defensive alliance to protect Wursten, concluded on 1 May 1499.<sup id="cite_ref-Boeselager_1995_332_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boeselager_1995_332-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 1 August the alliance, now also including <a href="/wiki/Buxtehude" title="Buxtehude">Buxtehude</a>, committed themselves to supply 1,300 warriors and equipment to defend Wursten and/or invade Hadeln.<sup id="cite_ref-Schütz_1995_266_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schütz_1995_266-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Conversely, <a href="/wiki/John_V,_Duke_of_Saxe-Lauenburg" title="John V, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg">John V</a> and his son Magnus of Saxe-Lauenburg had already allied with <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Duke_of_Brunswick-L%C3%BCneburg" title="Henry IV, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg">Henry IV the Elder of Brunswick and Lunenburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Wolfenb%C3%BCttel" class="mw-redirect" title="Principality of Wolfenbüttel">Prince of Wolfenbüttel</a>, on 24 November 1498, to conquer Wursten.<sup id="cite_ref-Krause_1881_184_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krause_1881_184-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schütz_1995_266_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schütz_1995_266-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Henry IV obliged to send 3,000 <a href="/wiki/Landsknecht" title="Landsknecht">landsknechts</a>, who should gain their payment by ravaging and plundering the free peasants of Wursten, once successfully subjugated.<sup id="cite_ref-Boeselager_1995_332_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boeselager_1995_332-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rode then waged <a href="/wiki/Feud" title="Feud">feud</a> against John V of Saxe-Lauenburg on 9 September 1499.<sup id="cite_ref-Schütz_1995_267_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schütz_1995_267-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The allied forces, with the Ditmarsians invading by crossing the Elbe, easily conquered the Land of Hadeln, and defeated Magnus.<sup id="cite_ref-Krause_1881_184_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krause_1881_184-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schulze_1974_480_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schulze_1974_480-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="There are two entries in the bibliography for Schulze. Which is meant? (January 2023)">ambiguous</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>While the cities desired a peaceful front yard without another's powerful influence, the Ditmarsians instead favoured the favour of autonomy of the free peasants. Hamburg and the Ditmarsians fell out with each other. On 16 September 1499, a landsknecht hired by Hamburg slew Cordt von der Lieth, a member of the Bremian <a href="/wiki/Ministerialis" title="Ministerialis">ministerialis</a>, causing the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Otterndorf_Strife&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otterndorf Strife (page does not exist)">Otterndorf Strife</a> (Otterndorfer Streit).<sup id="cite_ref-Boeselager_1995_333_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boeselager_1995_333-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The landsknecht created rumours that it had instead been a Ditmarsian who had slain von der Lieth, and fled after. Hamburg's landsknechts then attacked the uninvolved Ditmarsians and slew 76 men in their military camp near <a href="/wiki/Otterndorf" title="Otterndorf">Otterndorf</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Boeselager_1995_333_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boeselager_1995_333-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Consequently, Dithmarschen cancelled its alliance with Rode, Bremen and Hamburg, and the Ditmarsians returned home.<sup id="cite_ref-Boeselager_1995_333_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boeselager_1995_333-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hamburg aimed at reestablishing its rule in Hadeln, as it had wielded between 1407 and 1481 when Saxe-Lauenburg had given Hadeln to Hamburg as security for a credit. The relationship between Dithmarschen and Hamburg then turned icy, and Ditmarsians captured, according to the traditional <a href="/wiki/Wrecking_(shipwreck)" title="Wrecking (shipwreck)">wrecking custom</a>, wrecked Hamburgian ships and their freight, if they foundered around the shores of Dithmarschen. (Earlier, Hamburg and Dithmarschen had agreed to replace this practice with a reward for rescuing ships, freight and crew.) The parties only reconciled in 1512. </p><p>By 20 November 1499 Magnus hired the so-called <a href="/w/index.php?title=Schwarze_Garde_(Landsknechtsregiment)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Schwarze Garde (Landsknechtsregiment) (page does not exist)">Black Guard</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarze_Garde_(Landsknechtsregiment)" class="extiw" title="de:Schwarze Garde (Landsknechtsregiment)">de</a>]</span> of 6,000 ruthless and violent mostly Dutch and East Frisian mercenaries, commanded by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Slentz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Slentz (page does not exist)">Thomas Slentz</a>, prior operating in the <a href="/wiki/County_of_Oldenburg" title="County of Oldenburg">County of Oldenburg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Krause_1881_184_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krause_1881_184-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schütz_1995_267_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schütz_1995_267-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Black Guard invaded the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, passing through and ravaging areas in the <a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Verden" title="Prince-Bishopric of Verden">Prince-Bishopric of Verden</a> and the Brunswick-Lunenburgian <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_L%C3%BCneburg" title="Principality of Lüneburg">Principality of Lunenburg-Celle</a>, leaving behind a wake of devastation in the countryside and especially in the looted monasteries.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Finally, on Christmas Eve, arriving down the Weser in <a href="/wiki/Bremerhaven" title="Bremerhaven">Lehe</a>, the Black Guard tried to invade Wursten. However, the free peasants there repelled their attack near <a href="/wiki/Bremerhaven" title="Bremerhaven">Weddewarden</a> on 26 December.<sup id="cite_ref-Krause_1881_185_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krause_1881_185-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schütz_1995_268_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schütz_1995_268-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> So the Guard turned northeastwards, looting <a href="/wiki/Neuenwalde_Nunnery" class="mw-redirect" title="Neuenwalde Nunnery">Neuenwalde Nunnery</a> underways, into Hadeln, repressing the joint forces of Rode and the cities – lacking support by Bremian knights and the Ditmarsians –, recapturing it for Magnus in early 1500. </p><p>Rode then converted Henry IV the Elder to his column, with Henry the Elder and his troops then hunting the Black Guard.<sup id="cite_ref-Schütz_1995_268_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schütz_1995_268-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Magnus, unable to pay the mercenaries so that they turned even the more oppressive for the local population, was like <a href="/wiki/The_Sorcerer%27s_Apprentice" title="The Sorcerer's Apprentice">the Sorcerer's Apprentice</a>, who could not get rid of "the spirits that he called". By mid-January 1500 King <a href="/wiki/John,_King_of_Denmark" title="John, King of Denmark">John of Denmark</a> hired the Guard and guaranteed for its safe conduct first southeastwards via Lunenburg-Cellean <a href="/wiki/Winsen_an_der_Luhe" class="mw-redirect" title="Winsen an der Luhe">Winsen upon Luhe</a> and Hoopte, crossing the Elbe by <a href="/wiki/Zollenspieker_Ferry" title="Zollenspieker Ferry">Zollenspieker Ferry</a> to the Hamburg-Lübeckian bi-urban condominium (Beiderstädtischer Besitz) of <a href="/wiki/Bergedorf_(quarter)" title="Bergedorf (quarter)">Bergedorf</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vierlande" title="Vierlande">Vierlande</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Krause_1881_185_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krause_1881_185-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Max_Koch_Schlacht_bei_Hemmingstedt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Max_Koch_Schlacht_bei_Hemmingstedt.jpg/220px-Max_Koch_Schlacht_bei_Hemmingstedt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Max_Koch_Schlacht_bei_Hemmingstedt.jpg/330px-Max_Koch_Schlacht_bei_Hemmingstedt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Max_Koch_Schlacht_bei_Hemmingstedt.jpg/440px-Max_Koch_Schlacht_bei_Hemmingstedt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2748" data-file-height="1298" /></a><figcaption>The Battle of Hemmingstedt in a <a href="/wiki/History_painting" title="History painting">history painting</a> of 1910 by <a href="/wiki/Max_Friedrich_Koch" title="Max Friedrich Koch">Max Friedrich Koch</a>, assembly hall of the former District Building in Meldorf.</figcaption></figure><p> From there the Black Guard headed northwestwards again through <a href="/wiki/Holstein" title="Holstein">Holstein</a> in order to join more of King John's forces recruited in Holstein and by the <a href="/wiki/Kalmar_Union" title="Kalmar Union">Kalmar Union</a>. These forces then invaded Dithmarschen in order to subject the free Ditmarsians. The Ditmarsians took a vow to donate a monastery in honour of the then national <a href="/wiki/Patron_saint" title="Patron saint">patron saint</a> <a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Nazareth" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary of Nazareth">Mary of Nazareth</a> if they could repel the invasion. On 17 February 1500, in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hemmingstedt" title="Battle of Hemmingstedt">Battle of Hemmingstedt</a>, the outnumbered Ditmarsians, led by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wulf_Isebrand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wulf Isebrand (page does not exist)">Wulf Isebrand</a>, defeated the invading armies and thus destroyed King John's dream of subjecting Dithmarschen.<sup id="cite_ref-Boeselager_1995_333_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boeselager_1995_333-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1513 the Ditmarsians founded a <a href="/wiki/Franciscan" class="mw-redirect" title="Franciscan">Franciscan</a> <a href="/wiki/Friary" class="mw-redirect" title="Friary">Friary</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lunden" title="Lunden">Lunden</a> fulfilling their vow. However, the <a href="/wiki/Hamburg_Cathedral#Chapter_and_canonry" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamburg Cathedral">Hamburg concathedral chapter</a>, holding the ecclesiastical jurisdiction, demanded its say in appointing the <a href="/wiki/Prebendaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Prebendaries">prebendaries</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After years of dispute, the Council of the 48, the elected governing body of the farmers' republic of Ditmarsh, decided to found a <a href="/wiki/Gallicanism" title="Gallicanism">Gallicanist</a> kind of independent Catholic Church of Dithmarschen in August 1523, denying Hamburg's capitular jurisdiction in all of Dithmarschen.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The chapter could not regain the jurisdiction, including its share in ecclesiastical fees and fines levied in Dithmarschen. After violently repelling the first preaching of proponents of the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Reformation">Reformation</a>, slaying <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_of_Zutphen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry of Zutphen (page does not exist)">Henry of Zutphen</a> in December 1524, <a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheranism</a> nevertheless started to win over Ditmarsians.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1533 the Council of the 48 turned the Ditmarsian Catholic Church into a Lutheran <a href="/wiki/State_church" class="mw-redirect" title="State church">state church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-Medieval">Post-Medieval</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Post-Medieval"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the victory of Hemmingstedt Dithmarschen regularly sent its delegates to the <a href="/wiki/Hanseatic_League" title="Hanseatic League">Hanseatic</a> <a href="/wiki/Diet_(assembly)" title="Diet (assembly)">Diets</a> (Hansetage).<sup id="cite_ref-Dollinger_1998_124_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dollinger_1998_124-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1554 the Hanseatic Diet confirmed, that free Ditmarsian peasants doing business cannot be considered equal to merchants being <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/burgher" class="extiw" title="wikt:burgher">burghers</a> of free or autonomous cities, but are, nevertheless, accepted as enjoying all Hanseatic advantages.<sup id="cite_ref-Dollinger_1998_124_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dollinger_1998_124-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus Ditmarsian merchants, along with those from <a href="/wiki/Monastic_state_of_the_Teutonic_Knights" class="mw-redirect" title="Monastic state of the Teutonic Knights">Teutonic Prussia</a>, were the only beneficiaries of a quasi membership within the Hanse, although lacking the background of citizenship in an autonomous or <a href="/wiki/Free_imperial_city" title="Free imperial city">free city</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dollinger_1998_124_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dollinger_1998_124-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was not until 1559 and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Last_Feud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Last Feud (page does not exist)">Last Feud</a> between the King of Denmark and the Ditmarsians that the free peasants were forced to give up their political and religious autonomy by the successful invasion commanded by Count <a href="/wiki/Johan_Rantzau" title="Johan Rantzau">Johan Rantzau</a> from <a href="/wiki/Steinburg" title="Steinburg">Steinburg</a>, one of the best strategists of the time <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. Since then the coat of arms of Dithmarschen has shown a warrior on horseback, representing a knight of Rantzau. This knight has later been identified with <a href="/wiki/Saint_George" title="Saint George">Saint George</a>, then considered to be the patron of Dithmarschen. </p><p>The conquerors – King <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_of_Denmark" title="Frederick II of Denmark">Frederick II</a>, Duke <a href="/wiki/Adolf,_Duke_of_Holstein-Gottorp" title="Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp">Adolf</a>, and Duke <a href="/wiki/John_II,_Duke_of_Schleswig-Holstein-Haderslev" title="John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Haderslev">John II the Elder</a> – divided Dithmarschen into two parts: the south became a part of Holstein in <a href="/wiki/Personal_union" title="Personal union">personal union</a> with Denmark while the north came into the possession of the other Duke of Holstein. From 1773 all of Holstein was united in personal union with Denmark and remained so until 1864, when, following the <a href="/wiki/Second_Schleswig_War" title="Second Schleswig War">Second Schleswig War</a>, the Duchies of Holstein and of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Schleswig" title="Duchy of Schleswig">Schleswig</a> became an occupied territory of the <a href="/wiki/German_Confederation" title="German Confederation">German Confederation</a>. Two years later, following the <a href="/wiki/Austro-Prussian_War" title="Austro-Prussian War">Austro-Prussian War</a>, Dithmarschen became part of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Kingdom of Prussia</a>, which annexed Holstein and Schleswig making them subsequently the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Schleswig-Holstein" title="Province of Schleswig-Holstein">Province of Schleswig-Holstein</a>. </p><p>The Middle Ages in Dithmarschen are held to have continued into the 19th century, when the <a href="/wiki/Kiel_Canal" title="Kiel Canal">Kiel Canal</a> was completed, fens began to be drained, and agricultural reforms took place. Within the <a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany">Bundesland</a> Schleswig-Holstein, the area remained divided into the districts of <i>Norderdithmarschen</i> (Northern Ditmarsh) and <i>Süderdithmarschen</i> (Southern Ditmarsh) before they were united in 1970 as the district of Dithmarschen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traditions">Traditions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Traditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kohltage-strohfiguren.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Kohltage-strohfiguren.JPG/220px-Kohltage-strohfiguren.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Kohltage-strohfiguren.JPG/330px-Kohltage-strohfiguren.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Kohltage-strohfiguren.JPG/440px-Kohltage-strohfiguren.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>"Cabbage Days"</figcaption></figure> <p>The people of Dithmarschen have displayed great pride in their history. In recent decades many traditions have been revitalized and new events in a traditional fashion have been created. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nordseegarnelen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Nordseegarnelen.jpg/220px-Nordseegarnelen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Nordseegarnelen.jpg/330px-Nordseegarnelen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Nordseegarnelen.jpg/440px-Nordseegarnelen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="726" /></a><figcaption>Common shrimp</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Language">Language</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>High German is by now the dominant language but <a href="/wiki/Low_German" title="Low German">Low German</a> in its <a href="/wiki/Holsteinisch" class="mw-redirect" title="Holsteinisch">Holsteinisch</a> version still has a place in informal conversation. Until the 1960s Low German was the prevailing language of everyday communication. Most Ditmarsians born before 1960 still consider Low German their mother tongue. Low German is more common in rural regions than in urban regions and more likely to be spoken by older Ditmarsians. </p><p>The best known author of "high literature" in Low German was <a href="/wiki/Klaus_Groth" title="Klaus Groth">Klaus Groth</a> from Heide. The best known Low German speaker in Germany today is probably <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Wieben" title="Wilhelm Wieben">Wilhelm Wieben</a>, former anchorman of the popular German news <a href="/wiki/Tagesschau_(Germany)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tagesschau (Germany)">Tagesschau</a>, who now produces Low German <a href="/wiki/Audiobook" title="Audiobook">audiobooks</a>. Only two episodes of the popular crime television show <i><a href="/wiki/Tatort" title="Tatort">Tatort</a></i> carried subtitles for its German audience. One of these episodes centered its plot in Dithmarschen: the Low German in the dialogue was thought to be too difficult for a generic German audience to follow. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Architecture">Architecture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marne_rathaus,_kirche,_apotheke.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Marne_rathaus%2C_kirche%2C_apotheke.jpg/220px-Marne_rathaus%2C_kirche%2C_apotheke.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Marne_rathaus%2C_kirche%2C_apotheke.jpg/330px-Marne_rathaus%2C_kirche%2C_apotheke.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Marne_rathaus%2C_kirche%2C_apotheke.jpg/440px-Marne_rathaus%2C_kirche%2C_apotheke.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1820" /></a><figcaption>Marne church and city hall</figcaption></figure> <p>The Dithmarschen landscape was long dominated by churches. Palaces were never built in the farmers' republic. The few castles that were constructed played only minor roles and have long since been reduced to groundworks. In contrast, churches were symbols of not only spiritual but also worldly power. The medieval republic organised itself into Parishes ("Kirchspiele") centered on churches. A Dithmarschen church was not just a sacral building; it was also the primary place for political meetings. Administration of spiritual and political matters was done by the same people in the same place, so little need for representative secular buildings arose. Political and religious life in Dithmarschen remained undivided until Schleswig-Holstein's integration into Prussia in 1867. </p><p>In the flat marshland of Dithmarschen, church towers can often be seen from more than 10 kilometers away. Churches are built on the highest point of the Terpen in the center of villages such as <a href="/wiki/Wesselburen" title="Wesselburen">Wesselburen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marne,_Germany" title="Marne, Germany">Marne</a>, and <a href="/wiki/W%C3%B6hrden" title="Wöhrden">Wöhrden</a>. Village streets run toward the central church, giving these villages a distinct medieval character. It is likely that older houses were removed to make room for these churches. In the Geest, the village church stands on the medieval rim of the village or with other houses within it; the settlements of the Geest existed before their churches were built and there was no special need to protect these churches from flooding. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kirche-Hennstedt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Kirche-Hennstedt.jpg/220px-Kirche-Hennstedt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="298" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Kirche-Hennstedt.jpg/330px-Kirche-Hennstedt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Kirche-Hennstedt.jpg/440px-Kirche-Hennstedt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="591" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>St. Secundus in <a href="/wiki/Hennstedt,_Dithmarschen" title="Hennstedt, Dithmarschen">Hennstedt</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The most important church of Dithmarschen was the so-called <a href="/w/index.php?title=St._John_the_Baptist_Church,_Meldorf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="St. John the Baptist Church, Meldorf (page does not exist)">Sankt-Johannis-Kirche (St. John's the Baptist Church)</a> in Meldorf, due to its size also called Meldorf Cathedral. Between the 9th and 11th century it was the only church in Dithmarschen and one of the few north of the <a href="/wiki/Elbe" title="Elbe">Elbe</a> River. In the Middle Ages the church was the venue of the representatives of the political parishes of Dithmarschen. The place around this church was the most important meeting place in Dithmarschen and <a href="/wiki/Meldorf" title="Meldorf">Meldorf</a> itself was the only settlement to develop a distinct urban structure. Even after the political center moved to Heide, the St. John's in Meldorf remained the most important religious site in Dithmarschen. The <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Reformation">Reformation</a> in Dithmarschen began there in 1524 with Dithmarschen converting to <a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheranism</a>. </p><p>Today's church was built in the 14th century. While the outside was mainly rebuilt in the 19th century, inside one can still see Gothic architecture from the years 1250 to 1300. The paintings are among the most magnificent in Schleswig-Holstein, giving an impression of the former wealth of the farmers' republic. </p><p>St. Jürgen church in Heide began as a chapel built in the 15th century. Due to conflicts in Dithmarschen, Meldorf lost its role as central meeting point. The people of northern Dithmarschen began to meet in 1447 "auf der Heide" ("on the heath"); later, the Council of the 48—representatives of the most important families and the central decision body of Dithmarschen—met at St. Jürgen. The core of the long, single-nave church is still the 15th-century building. Its outer appearance is dominated by a late-renaissance three-story tower added by Johann Georg Schott in 1724. </p><p>St. Bartholomäus in Wesselburen was also built in 1737/1738 by Johann Georg Schott. He constructed the baroque building from the remains of older churches after Wesselburen burned down in 1736. Its onion dome is highly unusual for Northern Germany. Also notable are the 12th-century church in <a href="/wiki/Tellingstedt" title="Tellingstedt">Tellingstedt</a> and the churches in Hemme and <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCsum" title="Büsum">Büsum</a>, which display the traditional coat of arms of the "Geschlechter" inside. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1993 Schleswig-Holstein's latest <a href="/wiki/Fachhochschule" title="Fachhochschule">Fachhochschule</a> (comparable to a <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_technology" title="Institute of technology">Polytechnics</a>) was established in Heide. There are 800 students studying economics, electrical engineering, information technology, international tourism management, and law at the <a href="/wiki/Fachhochschule_Westk%C3%BCste" class="mw-redirect" title="Fachhochschule Westküste">Fachhochschule Westküste</a> (Fachhochschule West Coast). The <a href="/wiki/Christian-Albrechts-Universit%C3%A4t_zu_Kiel" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel">Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel</a> has an outpost in the Büsum-based Forschungs- und Technologiezentrum Westküste (Research and Technology Center West Coast), which researches coastal geology, coastal geography, and coastal protection. </p><p>In 2004, 17,900 students were studying in Dithmarschen schools. In the district there are six <a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(Germany)" title="Gymnasium (Germany)">Gymnasia</a>, three <a href="/wiki/Fachgymnasium" class="mw-redirect" title="Fachgymnasium">Fachgymnasia</a>, two vocational schools, and 44 schools for primary education. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Dithmarschen economy consists mainly of tourism, agriculture, and energy. Tourism is concentrated in the north in <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCsum" title="Büsum">Büsum</a> and in the south in <a href="/wiki/Friedrichskoog" title="Friedrichskoog">Friedrichskoog</a>. Most tourists come as families to enjoy the North Sea beaches. A significant number of tourists also come for bicycle trekking. Almost all of the approximately two million tourists each year come from Germany. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bayerbrunsbuettel.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Bayerbrunsbuettel.JPG/220px-Bayerbrunsbuettel.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Bayerbrunsbuettel.JPG/330px-Bayerbrunsbuettel.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Bayerbrunsbuettel.JPG/440px-Bayerbrunsbuettel.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1530" data-file-height="984" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bayer" title="Bayer">Bayer</a>, the most important employer in the district.</figcaption></figure> <p>The unemployment rate was 11.6% in September 2004. After the <a href="/wiki/Hartz_concept" title="Hartz concept">Hartz concept</a> was implemented and new statistical methods were adopted, the unemployment rate rose to 17.4% in January 2005. The unemployment rate was far above the average for Schleswig-Holstein (12.7%) and the rest of Germany. The most important employers in the district are <a href="/wiki/Bayer" title="Bayer">Bayer</a> in Brunsbüttel (1,000 employees), the <a href="/wiki/Sparkasse_(Germany)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sparkasse (Germany)">Sparkasse</a> Westholstein (600), the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Dutch_Shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Dutch Shell">Royal Dutch Shell</a> refinery in Hemmingstedt (570), the <a href="/wiki/Sasol" title="Sasol">Sasol</a> chemistry works in Brunsbüttel (570), the printing company Evers in Meldorf (560), and the Beyschlag manufacturing plant in Heide. The <a href="/wiki/Bundeswehr" title="Bundeswehr">Bundeswehr</a> has a school for non-commissioned officers in Heide. </p><p>In recent years the number of people who live in Dithmarschen but work in <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a> and its surroundings has steadily risen. In 2002 9,200 people drove to work outside the district, including 1,700 who commuted to Hamburg. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Energy">Energy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Energy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kuh_vor_Windr%C3%A4dern.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Kuh_vor_Windr%C3%A4dern.JPG/220px-Kuh_vor_Windr%C3%A4dern.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Kuh_vor_Windr%C3%A4dern.JPG/330px-Kuh_vor_Windr%C3%A4dern.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Kuh_vor_Windr%C3%A4dern.JPG/440px-Kuh_vor_Windr%C3%A4dern.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Wind turbines close to Poppenwurth</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pumpe_Hemmingstedt.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Pumpe_Hemmingstedt.JPG/220px-Pumpe_Hemmingstedt.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Pumpe_Hemmingstedt.JPG/330px-Pumpe_Hemmingstedt.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Pumpe_Hemmingstedt.JPG/440px-Pumpe_Hemmingstedt.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1722" data-file-height="1323" /></a><figcaption>Old nodding donkey, Hemmingstedt</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hemmingstedt-raffinerie.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Hemmingstedt-raffinerie.JPG/220px-Hemmingstedt-raffinerie.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Hemmingstedt-raffinerie.JPG/330px-Hemmingstedt-raffinerie.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Hemmingstedt-raffinerie.JPG/440px-Hemmingstedt-raffinerie.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2840" data-file-height="1705" /></a><figcaption>Hemmingstedt refinery</figcaption></figure> <p>Commercial wind farming in Germany began in Dithmarschen. Germany's first <a href="/wiki/Wind_park" class="mw-redirect" title="Wind park">wind park</a> was opened 1987 in <a href="/wiki/Kaiser-Wilhelm-Koog" title="Kaiser-Wilhelm-Koog">Kaiser-Wilhelm-Koog</a>, the experimental <a href="/w/index.php?title=GROWIAN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GROWIAN (page does not exist)">GROWIAN</a> ("Große Windkraftanlage" – big wind turbine) stood there from 1983 to 1987. As of 2008 the tallest wind turbine in the world is the experimental <a href="/wiki/Enercon_E-126" title="Enercon E-126">Enercon E-126</a> near <a href="/wiki/Emden" title="Emden">Emden</a>. </p><p>In Dithmarschen stand around 800 <a href="/wiki/Wind_turbine" title="Wind turbine">wind turbines</a>, almost all of them in marshland. That means that 5% of all German wind turbines stand on 0.15% of its area. Except for Büsum, where a small airport prevents their erection, and the nature reserve at Speicherkoog, the whole coastline is lined by wind turbines. In 2003 they produced around <a href="/wiki/Watt-hour" class="mw-redirect" title="Watt-hour">KWH</a> of energy, which is about half the energy demand of Dithmarschen. According to <a href="/wiki/E.on" class="mw-redirect" title="E.on">E.on</a>-Hanse, the local energy company, in the same time it paid 59 million Euro for the energy, 3 to 5 million Euro were paid to farmers on whose land the turbines stand. The income through taxes for the district is around 4 million Euro each year. Because commercial wind farming in Germany began in Dithmarschen, many wind turbines are relative old and produce only a small amount of electricity. For people interested in wind turbines this makes an interesting contrast, though, since it is possible to see many working varieties of wind turbines standing close to each other. </p><p>The offshore oil field <a href="/wiki/Mittelplate" title="Mittelplate">Mittelplate</a> close to the coast produces 2 million tons of petroleum, around 54% of German production. The refinery in Hemmingstedt processes around 4 million tons of oil each year, partly from Mittelplate and partly from oil delivered through the Brunsbüttel port. Another oil field between Heide and Hemmingstedt was active until 1991. The nuclear power plant in Brunsbuttel is one of the oldest in Germany. It delivers cheap energy for the important aluminium industry in Schleswig-Holstein. It is supposed to close down in 2009. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:B%C3%BCsum_Strand.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/B%C3%BCsum_Strand.JPG/220px-B%C3%BCsum_Strand.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/B%C3%BCsum_Strand.JPG/330px-B%C3%BCsum_Strand.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/B%C3%BCsum_Strand.JPG/440px-B%C3%BCsum_Strand.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Büsum beach</figcaption></figure> <p>The main tourist attractions in Dithmarschen are the North Sea and the <a href="/wiki/Wadden_Sea_National_Parks" title="Wadden Sea National Parks">Wadden Sea National Park</a>. The district owns about 10 kilometers of green beaches; <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCsum" title="Büsum">Büsum</a> also provides an artificial sandy beach. In 2003, 205,382 tourists spent 1,173,205 nights in Dithmarschen, most of them in Büsum (756,630 nights), which is ranked before <a href="/wiki/Friedrichskoog" title="Friedrichskoog">Friedrichskoog</a> (75,654) and <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCsumer_Deichhausen" title="Büsumer Deichhausen">Büsumer Deichhausen</a> (33,811). Tourism has declined slightly over the last few years but not as much as tourism on the Schleswig-Holstein Baltic coast. Recent competition with the former Warsaw Pact states and their Baltic coasts has had less impact on Dithmarschen because their coastal formations are quite different. </p><p>Entrance fees for beaches raise heated controversy in the district. Büsum (around 1,000,000 beach visits each year) and Friedrichskoog (300,000) impose a fee. However, most smaller villages nearby do not. </p><p>The tourism industry in Dithmarschen is trying to diversify tourist attractions. Fitness and health play an increasing role in German life, so tracks and roads for bicycles and inline skates are being built. Part of the <a href="/wiki/North_Sea_Cycle_Route" class="mw-redirect" title="North Sea Cycle Route">North Sea Cycle Route</a> crosses through Dithmarschen. In the east of Dithmarschen, ecological travel by canoe or kayak along the Eider is promoted. Policy makers and tourism agencies also emphasize the cultural and historical roots of the district. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Coat_of_arms">Coat of arms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Coat of arms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The district coat of arms displays a knight of <a href="/wiki/Holstein" title="Holstein">Holstein</a>. This coat of arms was unpopular for many years in Dithmarschen because it was the sign of conquerors. These arms were used by governors but were not accepted by the people. In 1930, when these ancient hostilities had become irrelevant, this coat of arms was re-introduced in slightly different forms by both South Dithmarschen and North Dithmarschen. When both districts were united in 1970, the arms of South Dithmarschen became the symbol of the newly merged district. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Towns_and_municipalities">Towns and municipalities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Towns and municipalities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Skylinewesselb.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Skylinewesselb.JPG/220px-Skylinewesselb.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Skylinewesselb.JPG/330px-Skylinewesselb.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Skylinewesselb.JPG/440px-Skylinewesselb.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Wesselburen Skyline</figcaption></figure> <p>Towns and municipalities in Dithmarschen developed from the old parishes that were independent political divisions in the medieval farmers' republic. These parishes existed as primary political divisions until the 19th century. Only Meldorf was able to develop an urban structure during the Middle Ages. </p><p>In more recent times Heide became a rival to Meldorf. Wesselburen and Wöhrden had some importance as central villages of the rich northern marshland. </p><p>After Schleswig-Holstein was annexed by Prussia in 1867, some villages became towns and therefore administratively left their old parishes: Meldorf in 1869, Heide in 1878, Marne in 1891, and Wesselburen in 1899. The old village of Brunsbüttel and the newly founded Brunsbüttelkoog united in 1970 to become the town of Brunsbüttel. </p><p>Parishes were finally dissolved and single villages became independent during the Nazi period. For efficient administration, municipalities are united in <a href="/wiki/Amt_(political_division)" class="mw-redirect" title="Amt (political division)">Ämtern</a>, which for historical reasons are named Amt Kirchspielslandgemeinden (Amt Parish's Country Municipalities). </p><p>The largest town by population is Heide. Büsum has a special role as tourist resort. Although a member of an Amt, its summertime population swells to become the largest in the district. </p><p>In socio-geographics the difference between marshland and the higher, dryer uplands has played an important role. The fertile marshland was historically rich while the uplands were poor but less prone to flooding. The two most important towns, Heide and Meldorf, were built on the safe geest but directly adjacent to marshland where people could have their fields. </p><p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Uebersicht-HEI.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Towns and Municipalities in Dithmarschen"><img alt="Towns and Municipalities in Dithmarschen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Uebersicht-HEI.png/600px-Uebersicht-HEI.png" decoding="async" width="600" height="561" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Uebersicht-HEI.png 1.5x" data-file-width="888" data-file-height="830" /></a></span> </p><p>(Population on 30 September 2005) </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <th>Independent towns </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Brunsb%C3%BCttel" title="Brunsbüttel">Brunsbüttel</a> (13,789)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heide" title="Heide">Heide</a> (20,716)</li></ol> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Amt_(country_subdivision)" class="mw-redirect" title="Amt (country subdivision)">Ämter Kirchspielslandgemeinden</a> </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td> <ul><li><b>1. <a href="/wiki/Burg-Sankt_Michaelisdonn" title="Burg-Sankt Michaelisdonn">Burg-Sankt Michaelisdonn</a></b></li></ul> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Averlak" title="Averlak">Averlak</a> (640)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brickeln" title="Brickeln">Brickeln</a> (212)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buchholz,_Dithmarschen" title="Buchholz, Dithmarschen">Buchholz</a> (1,115)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burg,_Dithmarschen" title="Burg, Dithmarschen">Burg Dith.</a><sup>1</sup> (4,364)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dingen,_Dithmarschen" title="Dingen, Dithmarschen">Dingen</a> (714)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddelak" title="Eddelak">Eddelak</a> (1,462)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eggstedt" title="Eggstedt">Eggstedt</a> (836)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frestedt" title="Frestedt">Frestedt</a> (401)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gro%C3%9Fenrade" title="Großenrade">Großenrade</a> (529)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hochdonn" title="Hochdonn">Hochdonn</a> (1,249)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuden" title="Kuden">Kuden</a> (664)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quickborn,_Dithmarschen" title="Quickborn, Dithmarschen">Quickborn</a> (199)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankt_Michaelisdonn" title="Sankt Michaelisdonn">Sankt Michaelisdonn</a> (3,728)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCderhastedt" title="Süderhastedt">Süderhastedt</a> (874)</li></ol> <ul><li><b>2. <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCsum-Wesselburen" title="Büsum-Wesselburen">Büsum-Wesselburen</a></b></li></ul> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCsum" title="Büsum">Büsum</a><sup>1</sup> (4,880)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCsumer_Deichhausen" title="Büsumer Deichhausen">Büsumer Deichhausen</a> (345)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrichsgabekoog" title="Friedrichsgabekoog">Friedrichsgabekoog</a> (71)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedwigenkoog" title="Hedwigenkoog">Hedwigenkoog</a> (271)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellschen-Heringsand-Unterschaar" title="Hellschen-Heringsand-Unterschaar">Hellschen-Heringsand-Unterschaar</a> (169)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillgroven" title="Hillgroven">Hillgroven</a> (86)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norddeich_(Dithmarschen)" title="Norddeich (Dithmarschen)">Norddeich</a> (430)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oesterdeichstrich" title="Oesterdeichstrich">Oesterdeichstrich</a> (273)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oesterwurth" title="Oesterwurth">Oesterwurth</a> (274)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinsb%C3%BCttel" title="Reinsbüttel">Reinsbüttel</a> (427)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sch%C3%BClp,_Dithmarschen" title="Schülp, Dithmarschen">Schülp</a> (489)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Str%C3%BCbbel" title="Strübbel">Strübbel</a> (96)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCderdeich" title="Süderdeich">Süderdeich</a> (536)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warwerort" title="Warwerort">Warwerort</a> (284)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesselburen" title="Wesselburen">Wesselburen</a><sup>2</sup> (3,112)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesselburener_Deichhausen" title="Wesselburener Deichhausen">Wesselburener Deichhausen</a> (142)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesselburenerkoog" title="Wesselburenerkoog">Wesselburenerkoog</a> (151)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westerdeichstrich" title="Westerdeichstrich">Westerdeichstrich</a> (908)</li></ol> </td> <td> <ul><li><b>3. <a href="/wiki/Eider_(Amt_Kirchspielslandgemeinde)" title="Eider (Amt Kirchspielslandgemeinde)">Eider</a></b></li></ul> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Barkenholm" title="Barkenholm">Barkenholm</a> (189)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergew%C3%B6hrden" title="Bergewöhrden">Bergewöhrden</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dellstedt" title="Dellstedt">Dellstedt</a> (801)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delve,_Schleswig-Holstein" title="Delve, Schleswig-Holstein">Delve</a> (737)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B6rpling" title="Dörpling">Dörpling</a> (611)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fedderingen" title="Fedderingen">Fedderingen</a> (277)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaushorn" title="Gaushorn">Gaushorn</a> (213)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gl%C3%BCsing" title="Glüsing">Glüsing</a> (119)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groven" title="Groven">Groven</a> (128)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemme" title="Hemme">Hemme</a> (514)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hennstedt,_Dithmarschen" title="Hennstedt, Dithmarschen">Hennstedt</a><sup>1</sup> (1,880)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollingstedt,_Dithmarschen" title="Hollingstedt, Dithmarschen">Hollingstedt</a> (338)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6vede" title="Hövede">Hövede</a> (64)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karolinenkoog" title="Karolinenkoog">Karolinenkoog</a> (132)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleve,_Dithmarschen" title="Kleve, Dithmarschen">Kleve</a> (452)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krempel" title="Krempel">Krempel</a> (663)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lehe,_Schleswig-Holstein" title="Lehe, Schleswig-Holstein">Lehe</a> (1,160)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linden,_Schleswig-Holstein" title="Linden, Schleswig-Holstein">Linden</a> (876)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunden" title="Lunden">Lunden</a> (1,655)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norderheistedt" title="Norderheistedt">Norderheistedt</a> (144)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahlen,_Germany" title="Pahlen, Germany">Pahlen</a> (1,168)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehm-Flehde-Bargen" title="Rehm-Flehde-Bargen">Rehm-Flehde-Bargen</a> (609)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankt_Annen" title="Sankt Annen">Sankt Annen</a> (355)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schalkholz" title="Schalkholz">Schalkholz</a> (595)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schlichting,_Germany" title="Schlichting, Germany">Schlichting</a> (239)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCderdorf" title="Süderdorf">Süderdorf</a> (396)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCderheistedt" title="Süderheistedt">Süderheistedt</a> (542)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tellingstedt" title="Tellingstedt">Tellingstedt</a> (2,493)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tielenhemme" title="Tielenhemme">Tielenhemme</a> (178)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallen,_Germany" title="Wallen, Germany">Wallen</a> (37)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welmb%C3%BCttel" title="Welmbüttel">Welmbüttel</a> (465)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westerborstel" title="Westerborstel">Westerborstel</a> (98)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiemerstedt" title="Wiemerstedt">Wiemerstedt</a> (165)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrohm" title="Wrohm">Wrohm</a> (732)</li></ol> <ul><li><b>4. <a href="/wiki/Heider_Umland" title="Heider Umland">Heider Umland</a></b><br />[seat: Heide]</li></ul> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Hemmingstedt" title="Hemmingstedt">Hemmingstedt</a> (2,989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieth" title="Lieth">Lieth</a> (396)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lohe-Rickelshof" title="Lohe-Rickelshof">Lohe-Rickelshof</a> (1,942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuenkirchen,_Schleswig-Holstein" title="Neuenkirchen, Schleswig-Holstein">Neuenkirchen</a> (1,044)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norderw%C3%B6hrden" title="Norderwöhrden">Norderwöhrden</a> (287)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordhastedt" title="Nordhastedt">Nordhastedt</a> (2,753)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrohe" title="Ostrohe">Ostrohe</a> (963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stelle-Wittenwurth" title="Stelle-Wittenwurth">Stelle-Wittenwurth</a> (486)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weddingstedt" title="Weddingstedt">Weddingstedt</a> (2,321)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesseln" title="Wesseln">Wesseln</a> (1,352)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C3%B6hrden" title="Wöhrden">Wöhrden</a> (1,334)</li></ol> </td> <td> <ul><li><b>5. <a href="/wiki/Marne-Nordsee" title="Marne-Nordsee">Marne-Nordsee</a></b></li></ul> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Diekhusen-Fahrstedt" title="Diekhusen-Fahrstedt">Diekhusen-Fahrstedt</a> (734)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrichskoog" title="Friedrichskoog">Friedrichskoog</a> (2,522)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helse" title="Helse">Helse</a> (964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiser-Wilhelm-Koog" title="Kaiser-Wilhelm-Koog">Kaiser-Wilhelm-Koog</a> (364)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kronprinzenkoog" title="Kronprinzenkoog">Kronprinzenkoog</a> (965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marne,_Germany" title="Marne, Germany">Marne</a><sup>1, 2</sup> (6,018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marnerdeich" title="Marnerdeich">Marnerdeich</a> (341)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neufeld" title="Neufeld">Neufeld</a> (646)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neufelderkoog" title="Neufelderkoog">Neufelderkoog</a> (144)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramhusen" title="Ramhusen">Ramhusen</a> (163)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schmedeswurth" title="Schmedeswurth">Schmedeswurth</a> (215)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trennewurth" title="Trennewurth">Trennewurth</a> (269)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volsemenhusen" title="Volsemenhusen">Volsemenhusen</a> (368)</li></ol> <ul><li><b>6. <a href="/wiki/Mitteldithmarschen" title="Mitteldithmarschen">Mitteldithmarschen</a></b></li></ul> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Albersdorf" title="Albersdorf">Albersdorf</a> (3,588)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkebek" title="Arkebek">Arkebek</a> (250)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bargenstedt" title="Bargenstedt">Bargenstedt</a> (925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barlt" title="Barlt">Barlt</a> (844)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunsoh" title="Bunsoh">Bunsoh</a> (871)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Busenwurth" title="Busenwurth">Busenwurth</a> (331)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elpersb%C3%BCttel" title="Elpersbüttel">Elpersbüttel</a> (915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epenw%C3%B6hrden" title="Epenwöhrden">Epenwöhrden</a> (808)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudendorf" title="Gudendorf">Gudendorf</a> (425)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immenstedt,_Dithmarschen" title="Immenstedt, Dithmarschen">Immenstedt</a> (97)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krumstedt" title="Krumstedt">Krumstedt</a> (556)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meldorf" title="Meldorf">Meldorf</a><sup>1, 2</sup> (7,655)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nindorf" title="Nindorf">Nindorf</a> (1.165)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordermeldorf" title="Nordermeldorf">Nordermeldorf</a> (649)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odderade" title="Odderade">Odderade</a> (325)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offenb%C3%BCttel" title="Offenbüttel">Offenbüttel</a> (283)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osterrade" title="Osterrade">Osterrade</a> (462)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarzb%C3%BCttel" title="Sarzbüttel">Sarzbüttel</a> (735)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schafstedt" title="Schafstedt">Schafstedt</a> (1,343)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schrum" title="Schrum">Schrum</a> (77)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tensb%C3%BCttel-R%C3%B6st" title="Tensbüttel-Röst">Tensbüttel-Röst</a> (692)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wennb%C3%BCttel" title="Wennbüttel">Wennbüttel</a> (77)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windbergen" title="Windbergen">Windbergen</a> (841)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolmersdorf" title="Wolmersdorf">Wolmersdorf</a> (345)</li></ol> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" align="center"><sup>1</sup>seat of the Amt Kirchspielslandgemeinde; <sup>2</sup>town </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twinning">Twinning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Twinning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dithmarschen is currently twinned with <a href="/wiki/Restormel" title="Restormel">Restormel</a>, a borough in the British county of Cornwall. The main link is between St Austell and Newquay and Heide. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_residents">Notable residents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Notable residents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Groth" title="Klaus Groth">Klaus Groth</a> (1819–1899), a Low German poet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Bothmann" title="Hans Bothmann">Hans Bothmann</a> (1911–1946), Nazi SS concentration camp commandant</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="Boeselager_1995">Elke Freifrau von Boeselager, "Das Land Hadeln bis zum Beginn der frühen Neuzeit", in: <i>Geschichte des Landes zwischen Elbe und Weser</i>: 3 vols., Hans-Eckhard Dannenberg and Heinz-Joachim Schulze (eds.), Stade: Landschaftsverband der ehem. Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden, 1995 and 2008, vol. I "Vor- und Frühgeschichte" (1995; <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-9801919-7-4" title="Special:BookSources/3-9801919-7-4">3-9801919-7-4</a>), vol. II "Mittelalter (einschl. Kunstgeschichte)" (1995; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-9801919-8-2" title="Special:BookSources/3-9801919-8-2">3-9801919-8-2</a>), vol. III "Neuzeit" (2008; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-9801919-9-0" title="Special:BookSources/3-9801919-9-0">3-9801919-9-0</a>), (=Schriftenreihe des Landschaftsverbandes der ehem. Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden; vols. 7–9), vol. II: pp. 321–388.</cite></li> <li><cite id="Dollinger_1964">Philippe Dollinger, <i>Die Hanse</i> [La Hanse (XII<sup>e</sup>-XVII<sup>e</sup> siècles), Paris: Aubier, 1964; German] (<sup>1</sup>1966), ext. ed., Hans Krabusch and Marga Krabusch (trls.), Stuttgart: Kröner, <sup>5</sup>1998, (Kröners Taschenbuchausgabe; vol. 371). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-520-37105-7" title="Special:BookSources/3-520-37105-7">3-520-37105-7</a>.</cite></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Krause_1881" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Karl Ernst Hermann Krause (1881), "<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:ADB:Johann_III._(Erzbischof_von_Bremen)" class="extiw" title="de:s:ADB:Johann III. (Erzbischof von Bremen)">Johann III. (Erzbischof von Bremen)</a>", <i><a href="/wiki/Allgemeine_Deutsche_Biographie" title="Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie">Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie</a></i> (in German), vol. 14, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 183–185</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Johann+III.+%28Erzbischof+von+Bremen%29&rft.btitle=Allgemeine+Deutsche+Biographie&rft.place=Leipzig&rft.pages=183-185&rft.pub=Duncker+%26+Humblot&rft.date=1881&rft.au=Karl+Ernst+Hermann+Krause&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADithmarschen" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeinz-Joachim_Schulze1974" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Heinz-Joachim Schulze (1974), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/0001/bsb00016327/images/index.html?seite=494">"Johann III. Rode"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Neue_Deutsche_Biographie" title="Neue Deutsche Biographie">Neue Deutsche Biographie</a></i> (in German), vol. 10, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 480–481</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Johann+III.+Rode&rft.btitle=Neue+Deutsche+Biographie&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pages=480-481&rft.pub=Duncker+%26+Humblot&rft.date=1974&rft.au=Heinz-Joachim+Schulze&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdaten.digitale-sammlungen.de%2F0001%2Fbsb00016327%2Fimages%2Findex.html%3Fseite%3D494&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADithmarschen" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><cite id="Schütz_1995">Michael Schütz, "Die Konsolidierung des Erzstiftes unter Johann Rode", in: <i>Geschichte des Landes zwischen Elbe und Weser</i>: 3 vols., Hans-Eckhard Dannenberg and Heinz-Joachim Schulze (eds.), Stade: Landschaftsverband der ehem. Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden, 1995 and 2008, vol. I "Vor- und Frühgeschichte" (1995; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-9801919-7-4" title="Special:BookSources/3-9801919-7-4">3-9801919-7-4</a>), vol. II "Mittelalter (einschl. Kunstgeschichte)" (1995; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-9801919-8-2" title="Special:BookSources/3-9801919-8-2">3-9801919-8-2</a>), vol. III 'Neuzeit' (2008; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-9801919-9-0" title="Special:BookSources/3-9801919-9-0">3-9801919-9-0</a>), (=Schriftenreihe des Landschaftsverbandes der ehem. Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden; vols. 7–9), vol. II: pp. 263–278.</cite></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statistik-nord.de/fileadmin/Dokumente/Statistische_Berichte/bevoelkerung/A_I_2_S/A_I_2_vj_22-4_Zensus_SH_neu.xlsx">"Bevölkerung der Gemeinden in Schleswig-Holstein 4. Quartal 2022"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(XLS)</span> (in German). <a href="/wiki/Statistisches_Amt_f%C3%BCr_Hamburg_und_Schleswig-Holstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Statistisches Amt für Hamburg und Schleswig-Holstein">Statistisches Amt für Hamburg und Schleswig-Holstein</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bev%C3%B6lkerung+der+Gemeinden+in+Schleswig-Holstein+4.+Quartal+2022&rft.pub=Statistisches+Amt+f%C3%BCr+Hamburg+und+Schleswig-Holstein&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistik-nord.de%2Ffileadmin%2FDokumente%2FStatistische_Berichte%2Fbevoelkerung%2FA_I_2_S%2FA_I_2_vj_22-4_Zensus_SH_neu.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADithmarschen" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dollinger_1998_124-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dollinger_1998_124_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dollinger_1998_124_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dollinger_1998_124_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dollinger_1998_124_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dollinger_1998_124_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dollinger_1998_124_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Die Hanse</i> [La Hanse (XII<sup>e</sup>-XVII<sup>e</sup> siècles); German], in <a href="#Dollinger_1964">Dollinger 1964</a>, p. 124.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Magnus was a successor of Duke Bernhard III in the eighth generation.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Krause_1881_184-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Krause_1881_184_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krause_1881_184_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krause_1881_184_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krause_1881_184_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Johann III., Erzbischof von Bremen", in <a href="#Krause_1881">Krause 1881</a>, vol. 14, pp. 183–185, here p. 184.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schütz_1995_266-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schütz_1995_266_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schütz_1995_266_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schütz_1995_266_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schütz_1995_266_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Die Konsolidierung des Erzstiftes unter Johann Rode", in <a href="#Schütz_1995">Schütz 1995</a>, vol. II, pp. 263–278, here p. 266.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Such as <a href="/wiki/Altes_Land" title="Altes Land">Altes Land</a>, Land of Hadeln, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haseldorfer_Marsch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haseldorfer Marsch (page does not exist)">Haseldorfer Marsch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kehdingen" title="Kehdingen">Kehdingen</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wilstermarsch" title="Wilstermarsch">Wilstermarsch</a>, also known as the <a href="/wiki/Elbe_Marshes" title="Elbe Marshes">Elbe Marshes</a>, Land of Wursten, Butjadingen and Stadland (both part of today's <a href="/wiki/Wesermarsch" title="Wesermarsch">Weser Marsh</a>), as well as <a href="/wiki/Stedingen" title="Stedingen">Stedingen</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Land_of_W%C3%BCrden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Land of Würden (page does not exist)">Land of Würden</a>, both marshes of free peasants also located on the banks of the Weser. Cf. "Johann III., Erzbischof von Bremen", in <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Krause_1881">Krause 1881</a>, vol. 14, pp. 183–185, here p. 184.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boeselager_1995_332-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boeselager_1995_332_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boeselager_1995_332_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Das Land Hadeln bis zum Beginn der frühen Neuzeit", in <a href="#Boeselager_1995">Boeselager 1995</a>, vol. II, pp. 321–388, here p. 332.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schütz_1995_267-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schütz_1995_267_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schütz_1995_267_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Die Konsolidierung des Erzstiftes unter Johann Rode", in <a href="#Schütz_1995">Schütz 1995</a>, vol. II, pp. 263–278, here p. 267.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schulze_1974_480-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Schulze_1974_480_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Heinz-Joachim Schulze, "Johann III. Rode", in: <a href="#References">see references</a> for bibliographical details, vol. 10, pp. 480seq., here p. 480.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boeselager_1995_333-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boeselager_1995_333_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boeselager_1995_333_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boeselager_1995_333_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boeselager_1995_333_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Das Land Hadeln bis zum Beginn der frühen Neuzeit", in <a href="#Boeselager_1995">Boeselager 1995</a>, vol. II, pp. 321–388, here p. 333.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Johann III., Erzbischof von Bremen", in <a href="#Krause_1881">Krause 1881</a>, vol. 14, pp. 183–185, here p. 185seq.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Die Konsolidierung des Erzstiftes unter Johann Rode", in <a href="#Schütz_1995">Schütz 1995</a>, vol. II, pp. 263–278, here pp. 267 et seq.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Krause_1881_185-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Krause_1881_185_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krause_1881_185_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Johann III., Erzbischof von Bremen", in <a href="#Krause_1881">Krause 1881</a>, vol. 14, pp. 183–185, here p. 185.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schütz_1995_268-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schütz_1995_268_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schütz_1995_268_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Die Konsolidierung des Erzstiftes unter Johann Rode", in <a href="#Schütz_1995">Schütz 1995</a>, vol. II, pp. 263–278, here pp. 268.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thies Völker, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.suite101.de/content/die-dithmarscher-landeskirche-15231559-a58840"><i>Die Dithmarscher Landeskirche 1523–1559: Selbständige bauernstaatliche Kirchenorganisation in der Frühneuzeit</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170630000409/http://www.suite101.de/content/die-dithmarscher-landeskirche-15231559-a58840">Archived</a> 30 June 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, section 'Konfliktauslöser: Besetzung der Pfarrstellen und Klosterprojekt', posted on 16 July 2009 on: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.suite101.de"><i>suite101.de: Das Netzwerk der Autoren</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180905035832/http://www.suite101.de/">Archived</a> 5 September 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thies Völker, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.suite101.de/content/die-dithmarscher-landeskirche-15231559-a58840"><i>Die Dithmarscher Landeskirche 1523–1559: Selbständige bauernstaatliche Kirchenorganisation in der Frühneuzeit</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170630000409/http://www.suite101.de/content/die-dithmarscher-landeskirche-15231559-a58840">Archived</a> 30 June 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, section 'Gründung der Landeskirche 1523', posted on 16 July 2009 on: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.suite101.de"><i>suite101.de: Das Netzwerk der Autoren</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180905035832/http://www.suite101.de/">Archived</a> 5 September 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thies Völker, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.suite101.de/content/die-dithmarscher-landeskirche-15231559-a58840"><i>Die Dithmarscher Landeskirche 1523–1559: Selbständige bauernstaatliche Kirchenorganisation in der Frühneuzeit</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170630000409/http://www.suite101.de/content/die-dithmarscher-landeskirche-15231559-a58840">Archived</a> 30 June 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, section 'Heinrich von Zütphen 1524', posted on 16 July 2009 on: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.suite101.de"><i>suite101.de: Das Netzwerk der Autoren</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180905035832/http://www.suite101.de/">Archived</a> 5 September 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thies Völker, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.suite101.de/content/die-dithmarscher-landeskirche-15231559-a58840"><i>Die Dithmarscher Landeskirche 1523–1559: Selbständige bauernstaatliche Kirchenorganisation in der Frühneuzeit</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170630000409/http://www.suite101.de/content/die-dithmarscher-landeskirche-15231559-a58840">Archived</a> 30 June 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, section 'Sieg der Reformation 1533', posted on 16 July 2009 on: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.suite101.de"><i>suite101.de: Das Netzwerk der Autoren</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180905035832/http://www.suite101.de/">Archived</a> 5 September 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dithmarschen" class="extiw" title="commons:Dithmarschen"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Dithmarschen</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070202204355/http://beehive.thisiscornwall.co.uk/default.asp?WCI=SiteHome&ID=12946">Official Restormel Dithmarschen Twinning Homepage</a> (English)</li> <li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dithmarschen.de">Official website</a></span></span> (German)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dithmarschen-wiki.de/">www.dithmarschen-wiki.de</a> Encyclopaedia of Dithmarschen (German)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.museum-albersdorf.de/">www.museum-albersdorf.de</a> Museum Website, thorough information about the history of Dithmarschen, author: Dr. Volker Arnold (German with English abstracts)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030620083405/http://www.ahnenforschung-sh.de/history/e/war1500.htm">The Dithmarschen Wars</a> (English)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030813115516/http://www.uni-muenster.de/PeaCon/pow/1500.html">Battle of Hemmingstedt, image</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Towns_and_municipalities_of_Dithmarschen" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cities_and_municipalities_in_Kreis_Dithmarschen_district" title="Template:Cities and municipalities in Kreis Dithmarschen district"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cities_and_municipalities_in_Kreis_Dithmarschen_district" title="Template talk:Cities and municipalities in Kreis Dithmarschen district"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cities_and_municipalities_in_Kreis_Dithmarschen_district" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cities and municipalities in Kreis Dithmarschen district"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Towns_and_municipalities_of_Dithmarschen" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Towns and municipalities of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dithmarschen</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albersdorf" title="Albersdorf">Albersdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkebek" title="Arkebek">Arkebek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Averlak" title="Averlak">Averlak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bargenstedt" title="Bargenstedt">Bargenstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barkenholm" title="Barkenholm">Barkenholm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barlt" title="Barlt">Barlt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergew%C3%B6hrden" title="Bergewöhrden">Bergewöhrden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brickeln" title="Brickeln">Brickeln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunsb%C3%BCttel" title="Brunsbüttel">Brunsbüttel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buchholz,_Dithmarschen" title="Buchholz, Dithmarschen">Buchholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunsoh" title="Bunsoh">Bunsoh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burg,_Dithmarschen" title="Burg, Dithmarschen">Burg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Busenwurth" title="Busenwurth">Busenwurth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCsum" title="Büsum">Büsum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCsumer_Deichhausen" title="Büsumer Deichhausen">Büsumer Deichhausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dellstedt" title="Dellstedt">Dellstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delve,_Schleswig-Holstein" title="Delve, Schleswig-Holstein">Delve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diekhusen-Fahrstedt" title="Diekhusen-Fahrstedt">Diekhusen-Fahrstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dingen,_Dithmarschen" title="Dingen, Dithmarschen">Dingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B6rpling" title="Dörpling">Dörpling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddelak" title="Eddelak">Eddelak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eggstedt" title="Eggstedt">Eggstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elpersb%C3%BCttel" title="Elpersbüttel">Elpersbüttel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epenw%C3%B6hrden" title="Epenwöhrden">Epenwöhrden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fedderingen" title="Fedderingen">Fedderingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frestedt" title="Frestedt">Frestedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrichsgabekoog" title="Friedrichsgabekoog">Friedrichsgabekoog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrichskoog" title="Friedrichskoog">Friedrichskoog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaushorn" title="Gaushorn">Gaushorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gl%C3%BCsing" title="Glüsing">Glüsing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gro%C3%9Fenrade" title="Großenrade">Großenrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groven" title="Groven">Groven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudendorf" title="Gudendorf">Gudendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedwigenkoog" title="Hedwigenkoog">Hedwigenkoog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heide" title="Heide">Heide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellschen-Heringsand-Unterschaar" title="Hellschen-Heringsand-Unterschaar">Hellschen-Heringsand-Unterschaar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helse" title="Helse">Helse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemme" title="Hemme">Hemme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemmingstedt" title="Hemmingstedt">Hemmingstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hennstedt,_Dithmarschen" title="Hennstedt, Dithmarschen">Hennstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillgroven" title="Hillgroven">Hillgroven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hochdonn" title="Hochdonn">Hochdonn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollingstedt,_Dithmarschen" title="Hollingstedt, Dithmarschen">Hollingstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6vede" title="Hövede">Hövede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immenstedt,_Dithmarschen" title="Immenstedt, Dithmarschen">Immenstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiser-Wilhelm-Koog" title="Kaiser-Wilhelm-Koog">Kaiser-Wilhelm-Koog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karolinenkoog" title="Karolinenkoog">Karolinenkoog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleve,_Dithmarschen" title="Kleve, Dithmarschen">Kleve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krempel" title="Krempel">Krempel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kronprinzenkoog" title="Kronprinzenkoog">Kronprinzenkoog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krumstedt" title="Krumstedt">Krumstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuden" title="Kuden">Kuden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lehe,_Schleswig-Holstein" title="Lehe, Schleswig-Holstein">Lehe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieth" title="Lieth">Lieth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linden,_Schleswig-Holstein" title="Linden, Schleswig-Holstein">Linden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lohe-Rickelshof" title="Lohe-Rickelshof">Lohe-Rickelshof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunden" title="Lunden">Lunden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marnerdeich" title="Marnerdeich">Marnerdeich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marne,_Germany" title="Marne, Germany">Marne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meldorf" title="Meldorf">Meldorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuenkirchen,_Schleswig-Holstein" title="Neuenkirchen, Schleswig-Holstein">Neuenkirchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neufeld" title="Neufeld">Neufeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neufelderkoog" title="Neufelderkoog">Neufelderkoog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nindorf" title="Nindorf">Nindorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norddeich_(Dithmarschen)" title="Norddeich (Dithmarschen)">Norddeich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norderheistedt" title="Norderheistedt">Norderheistedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordermeldorf" title="Nordermeldorf">Nordermeldorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norderw%C3%B6hrden" title="Norderwöhrden">Norderwöhrden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordhastedt" title="Nordhastedt">Nordhastedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odderade" title="Odderade">Odderade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oesterdeichstrich" title="Oesterdeichstrich">Oesterdeichstrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oesterwurth" title="Oesterwurth">Oesterwurth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offenb%C3%BCttel" title="Offenbüttel">Offenbüttel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osterrade" title="Osterrade">Osterrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrohe" title="Ostrohe">Ostrohe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahlen,_Germany" title="Pahlen, Germany">Pahlen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quickborn,_Dithmarschen" title="Quickborn, Dithmarschen">Quickborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramhusen" title="Ramhusen">Ramhusen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehm-Flehde-Bargen" title="Rehm-Flehde-Bargen">Rehm-Flehde-Bargen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinsb%C3%BCttel" title="Reinsbüttel">Reinsbüttel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankt_Annen" title="Sankt Annen">Sankt Annen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankt_Michaelisdonn" title="Sankt Michaelisdonn">Sankt Michaelisdonn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarzb%C3%BCttel" title="Sarzbüttel">Sarzbüttel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schafstedt" title="Schafstedt">Schafstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schalkholz" title="Schalkholz">Schalkholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schlichting,_Germany" title="Schlichting, Germany">Schlichting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schmedeswurth" title="Schmedeswurth">Schmedeswurth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schrum" title="Schrum">Schrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sch%C3%BClp,_Dithmarschen" title="Schülp, Dithmarschen">Schülp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stelle-Wittenwurth" title="Stelle-Wittenwurth">Stelle-Wittenwurth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Str%C3%BCbbel" title="Strübbel">Strübbel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCderdeich" title="Süderdeich">Süderdeich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCderdorf" title="Süderdorf">Süderdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCderhastedt" title="Süderhastedt">Süderhastedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCderheistedt" title="Süderheistedt">Süderheistedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tellingstedt" title="Tellingstedt">Tellingstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tensb%C3%BCttel-R%C3%B6st" title="Tensbüttel-Röst">Tensbüttel-Röst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tielenhemme" title="Tielenhemme">Tielenhemme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trennewurth" title="Trennewurth">Trennewurth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volsemenhusen" title="Volsemenhusen">Volsemenhusen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallen,_Germany" title="Wallen, Germany">Wallen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warwerort" title="Warwerort">Warwerort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weddingstedt" title="Weddingstedt">Weddingstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welmb%C3%BCttel" title="Welmbüttel">Welmbüttel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wennb%C3%BCttel" title="Wennbüttel">Wennbüttel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesselburen" title="Wesselburen">Wesselburen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesselburener_Deichhausen" title="Wesselburener Deichhausen">Wesselburener Deichhausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesselburenerkoog" title="Wesselburenerkoog">Wesselburenerkoog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesseln" title="Wesseln">Wesseln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westerborstel" title="Westerborstel">Westerborstel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westerdeichstrich" title="Westerdeichstrich">Westerdeichstrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiemerstedt" title="Wiemerstedt">Wiemerstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windbergen" title="Windbergen">Windbergen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C3%B6hrden" title="Wöhrden">Wöhrden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolmersdorf" title="Wolmersdorf">Wolmersdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrohm" title="Wrohm">Wrohm</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DEU_Kreis_Dithmarschen_COA.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wappen des Kreises Dithmarschen"><img alt="Wappen des Kreises Dithmarschen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/DEU_Kreis_Dithmarschen_COA.svg/40px-DEU_Kreis_Dithmarschen_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/DEU_Kreis_Dithmarschen_COA.svg/60px-DEU_Kreis_Dithmarschen_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/DEU_Kreis_Dithmarschen_COA.svg/80px-DEU_Kreis_Dithmarschen_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="464" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption>Wappen des Kreises Dithmarschen</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="border&#124;30px&#124;Flag_of_Schleswig-Holstein_Urban_and_rural_districts_in_the_state_of_Schleswig-Holstein_in_Germany_border&#124;30px&#124;Flag_of_Germany" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Schleswig-Holstein" title="Template:Germany districts Schleswig-Holstein"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Germany_districts_Schleswig-Holstein" title="Template talk:Germany districts Schleswig-Holstein"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Germany_districts_Schleswig-Holstein" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Germany districts Schleswig-Holstein"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="border&#124;30px&#124;Flag_of_Schleswig-Holstein_Urban_and_rural_districts_in_the_state_of_Schleswig-Holstein_in_Germany_border&#124;30px&#124;Flag_of_Germany" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Schleswig-Holstein.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Schleswig-Holstein"><img alt="Flag of Schleswig-Holstein" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Schleswig-Holstein.svg/30px-Flag_of_Schleswig-Holstein.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Schleswig-Holstein.svg/45px-Flag_of_Schleswig-Holstein.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Schleswig-Holstein.svg/60px-Flag_of_Schleswig-Holstein.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> Urban and rural districts in the state of <a href="/wiki/Schleswig-Holstein" title="Schleswig-Holstein">Schleswig-Holstein</a> in Germany <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Germany"><img alt="Flag of Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/60px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Urban districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flensburg" title="Flensburg">Flensburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiel" title="Kiel">Kiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck" title="Lübeck">Lübeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neum%C3%BCnster" title="Neumünster">Neumünster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rural districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dithmarschen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herzogtum_Lauenburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Herzogtum Lauenburg">Herzogtum Lauenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordfriesland_(district)" title="Nordfriesland (district)">Nordfriesland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostholstein" title="Ostholstein">Ostholstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinneberg_(district)" title="Pinneberg (district)">Pinneberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pl%C3%B6n_(district)" title="Plön (district)">Plön</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rendsburg-Eckernf%C3%B6rde" title="Rendsburg-Eckernförde">Rendsburg-Eckernförde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schleswig-Flensburg" title="Schleswig-Flensburg">Schleswig-Flensburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segeberg" title="Segeberg">Segeberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steinburg" title="Steinburg">Steinburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stormarn_(district)" title="Stormarn (district)">Stormarn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Germany" title="Districts of Germany">Districts</a> of German states</b> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Germany" title="List of districts of Germany">Full list</a>) <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württemberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandenburg" title="Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bremen" title="Bremen">Bremen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesse" title="Hesse">Hesse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Saxony" title="Lower Saxony">Lower Saxony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mecklenburg-Vorpommern" title="Mecklenburg-Vorpommern">Mecklenburg-Vorpommern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Rhine-Westphalia" title="North Rhine-Westphalia">North Rhine-Westphalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhineland-Palatinate" title="Rhineland-Palatinate">Rhineland-Palatinate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saarland" title="Saarland">Saarland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saxony" title="Saxony">Saxony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saxony-Anhalt" title="Saxony-Anhalt">Saxony-Anhalt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schleswig-Holstein" title="Schleswig-Holstein">Schleswig-Holstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thuringia" title="Thuringia">Thuringia</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Dithmarschen&params=54.08_N_9.08_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">54°05′N</span> <span class="longitude">9°05′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">54.08°N 9.08°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">54.08; 9.08</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2947#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2947#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2947#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/162491602">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4012525-7">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81022481">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&oldid=1259196069">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dithmarschen&oldid=1259196069</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Districts_of_Schleswig-Holstein" title="Category:Districts of Schleswig-Holstein">Districts of Schleswig-Holstein</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dithmarschen" title="Category:Dithmarschen">Dithmarschen</a></li><li><a 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