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<div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">People's Republic of Bulgaria</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 52 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">52 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="جمهورية بلغاريا الشعبية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جمهورية بلغاريا الشعبية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Popular_de_Bulgaria" title="República Popular de Bulgaria – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="República Popular de Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Народная Рэспубліка Балгарыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Народная Рэспубліка Балгарыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Народная Рэспубліка Баўгарыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Народная Рэспубліка Баўгарыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Народна република България – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Народна република България" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Popular_de_Bulg%C3%A0ria" title="República Popular de Bulgària – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="República Popular de Bulgària" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulharsk%C3%A1_lidov%C3%A1_republika" title="Bulharská lidová republika – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bulharská lidová republika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folkerepublikken_Bulgarien" title="Folkerepublikken Bulgarien – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Folkerepublikken Bulgarien" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volksrepublik_Bulgarien" title="Volksrepublik Bulgarien – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Volksrepublik Bulgarien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaaria_Rahvavabariik" title="Bulgaaria Rahvavabariik – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Bulgaaria Rahvavabariik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%B1%CF%8A%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%92%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Λαϊκή Δημοκρατία της Βουλγαρίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λαϊκή Δημοκρατία της Βουλγαρίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="People's Republic of Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Popular_de_Bulgaria" title="República Popular de Bulgaria – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="República Popular de Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popola_Respubliko_Bulgario" title="Popola Respubliko Bulgario – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Popola Respubliko Bulgario" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%82_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جمهوری خلق بلغارستان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جمهوری خلق بلغارستان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_populaire_de_Bulgarie" title="République populaire de Bulgarie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="République populaire de Bulgarie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%88%EA%B0%80%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84_%EC%9D%B8%EB%AF%BC%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="불가리아 인민공화국 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="불가리아 인민공화국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narodna_Republika_Bugarska" title="Narodna Republika Bugarska – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Narodna Republika Bugarska" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Rakyat_Bulgaria" title="Republik Rakyat Bulgaria – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Republik Rakyat Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%8B_%D0%90%D0%B4%C3%A6%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%C3%A6" title="Болгарийы Адæмон Республикæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Болгарийы Адæмон Республикæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repubblica_Popolare_di_Bulgaria" title="Repubblica Popolare di Bulgaria – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Repubblica Popolare di Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94" title="הרפובליקה העממית של בולגריה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הרפובליקה העממית של בולגריה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ბულგარეთის სახალხო რესპუბლიკა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბულგარეთის სახალხო რესპუბლიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%8D" title="ສາທາລະນະລັດປະຊາຊົນບັນແກເລຍ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ສາທາລະນະລັດປະຊາຊົນບັນແກເລຍ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulg%C4%81rijas_Tautas_Republika" title="Bulgārijas Tautas Republika – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bulgārijas Tautas Republika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolg%C3%A1r_N%C3%A9pk%C3%B6zt%C3%A1rsas%C3%A1g" title="Bolgár Népköztársaság – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bolgár Népköztársaság" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Народна Република Бугарија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Народна Република Бугарија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%94_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ბულგარეთიშ ოკათე რესპუბლიკა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბულგარეთიშ ოკათე რესპუბლიკა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volksrepubliek_Bulgarije" title="Volksrepubliek Bulgarije – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Volksrepubliek Bulgarije" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AC%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="ブルガリア人民共和国 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ブルガリア人民共和国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folkerepublikken_Bulgaria" title="Folkerepublikken Bulgaria – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Folkerepublikken Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolgariya_Xalq_Respublikasi" title="Bolgariya Xalq Respublikasi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Bolgariya Xalq Respublikasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="عوامی جمہوریا بلغاریا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="عوامی جمہوریا بلغاریا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludowa_Republika_Bu%C5%82garii" title="Ludowa Republika Bułgarii – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ludowa Republika Bułgarii" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Popular_da_Bulg%C3%A1ria" title="República Popular da Bulgária – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="República Popular da Bulgária" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_Popular%C4%83_Bulgaria" title="Republica Populară Bulgaria – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Republica Populară Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Булгарьска людова републіка – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Булгарьска людова републіка" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Народная Республика Болгария – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Народная Республика Болгария" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%B9blica_Populare_de_Bulgaria" title="Repùblica Populare de Bulgaria – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Repùblica Populare de Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_Popullore_e_Bullgaris%C3%AB" title="Republika Popullore e Bullgarisë – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Republika Popullore e Bullgarisë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulharsk%C3%A1_%C4%BEudov%C3%A1_republika" title="Bulharská ľudová republika – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bulharská ľudová republika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Народна Република Бугарска – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Народна Република Бугарска" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narodna_Republika_Bugarska" title="Narodna Republika Bugarska – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Narodna Republika Bugarska" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarian_kansantasavalta" title="Bulgarian kansantasavalta – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bulgarian kansantasavalta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folkrepubliken_Bulgarien" title="Folkrepubliken Bulgarien – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Folkrepubliken Bulgarien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="สาธารณรัฐประชาชนบัลแกเรีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สาธารณรัฐประชาชนบัลแกเรีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaristan_Halk_Cumhuriyeti" title="Bulgaristan Halk Cumhuriyeti – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bulgaristan Halk Cumhuriyeti" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Народна Республіка Болгарія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Народна Республіка Болгарія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81" title="عوامی جمہوریہ بلغاریہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عوامی جمہوریہ بلغاریہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BB%99ng_h%C3%B2a_Nh%C3%A2n_d%C3%A2n_Bulgaria" title="Cộng hòa Nhân dân Bulgaria – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cộng hòa Nhân dân Bulgaria" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="保加利亞人民共和國 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="保加利亞人民共和國" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="保加利亞人民共和國 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="保加利亞人民共和國" 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screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8087921">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">People's Republic of Bulgaria</div><div class="ib-country-names"><span class="nowrap"><span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">Народна Република България</span></span>  <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%;font-weight:normal;">(<a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>)</span></span><span class="nowrap">  </span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>Narodna Republika Balgariya</i></span><span class="nowrap">  </span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">1946–1990</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Bulgaria_(1971%E2%80%931990).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Bulgaria"><img alt="Flag of Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/125px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/188px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/250px-Flag_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Bulgaria" title="Flag of Bulgaria">Flag<br />(1971–1990)</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria_(1971%E2%80%931990).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms (1971–1990) of Bulgaria"><img alt="Coat of arms (1971–1990) of Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria_%281971%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emblem of the People's Republic of Bulgaria (not yet started)">Coat of arms<br />(1971–1990)</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem"><b>Anthem:</b> <div style="padding-bottom:0.4em;"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shumi_Maritsa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shumi Maritsa (not yet started)">Maritsa Rushes</a></i><span class="nowrap">  </span><small>(1946–1947)</small><br /><i>Шуми Марица</i><span class="nowrap">  </span><small>(Bulgarian)</small><br /><i>Shumi Maritsa</i><span class="nowrap">  </span><small>(transliteration)</small></div> <div style="padding-bottom:0.4em;"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Our_Republic,_Hail!&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Our Republic, Hail! (not yet started)">Our Republic, Hail!</a></i><span class="nowrap">  </span><small>(1947–1951)</small><br /><i>Републико наша, здравей!</i><span class="nowrap">  </span><small>(Bulgarian)</small><br /><i>Republiko nasha, zdravey!</i><span class="nowrap">  </span><small>(transliteration)</small></div> <div style="padding-bottom:0.4em;"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Balgariyo_mila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Balgariyo mila (not yet started)">Dear Bulgaria, Land of Heroes</a></i><span class="nowrap">  </span><small>(1951–1964)</small><br /><i>Българийо мила, земя на герои</i><span class="nowrap">  </span><small>(Bulgarian)</small><br /><i>Bulgariyo mila, zemya na geroi</i><span class="nowrap">  </span><small>(transliteration)</small></div><i><a href="/wiki/Mila_Rodino" title="Mila Rodino">Dear Motherland</a></i><span class="nowrap">  </span><small>(from 1964)</small><br /><i>Мила Родино</i><span class="nowrap">  </span><small>(Bulgarian)</small><br /><i>Mila Rodino</i><span class="nowrap">  </span><small>(transliteration)</small><br /><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;"><i><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="87" data-mwtitle="Mila_Rodino.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Mila_Rodino.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/Mila_Rodino.ogg/Mila_Rodino.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMila_Rodino.ogg&lang=be&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="be" label="беларуская ‪(be)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMila_Rodino.ogg&lang=bg&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="bg" label="български ‪(bg)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMila_Rodino.ogg&lang=ca&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ca" label="català ‪(ca)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMila_Rodino.ogg&lang=de&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="de" label="Deutsch ‪(de)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMila_Rodino.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track 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src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMila_Rodino.ogg&lang=ru&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ru" label="русский ‪(ru)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMila_Rodino.ogg&lang=sr&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sr" label="српски / srpski ‪(sr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMila_Rodino.ogg&lang=uk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="uk" label="українська ‪(uk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMila_Rodino.ogg&lang=zh&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh" label="中文 ‪(zh)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></i></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulgaria_1956-1990.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="The People's Republic of Bulgaria until 1989"><img alt="The People's Republic of Bulgaria until 1989" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Bulgaria_1956-1990.svg/250px-Bulgaria_1956-1990.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Bulgaria_1956-1990.svg/375px-Bulgaria_1956-1990.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Bulgaria_1956-1990.svg/500px-Bulgaria_1956-1990.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="456" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption">The People's Republic of Bulgaria until 1989</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_state" title="Satellite state">Satellite state</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a><span class="anchor" id="infoa"></span><sup><a href="#inforefa">[a]</a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital<div class="ib-country-largest">and largest city</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9430902">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria&params=42_41_N_23_19_E_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°41′N</span> <span class="longitude">23°19′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.683°N 23.317°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.683; 23.317</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Official_script" title="Official script">Official script</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_script" title="Cyrillic script">Cyrillic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion <div class="ib-country-religion"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Secular_state" title="Secular state">Secular state</a> (de jure)<br /><a href="/wiki/State_atheism" title="State atheism">State atheism</a> (de facto)<br /><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Orthodox_Church" title="Bulgarian Orthodox Church">Bulgarian Orthodoxy</a> (majority dominant)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">Bulgarian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Government</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</a> <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_republic" title="Parliamentary republic">parliamentary republic</a> (1946–1947)<br /><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</a> <a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist state">socialist republic</a> (1947–1950)<br /><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</a> <a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxist–Leninist</a> <a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">one–party</a> <a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist state">socialist republic</a> (1950–1989)<br /><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</a> <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_system" title="Parliamentary system">parliamentary</a> <a href="/wiki/Constitution" title="Constitution">constitutional</a> <a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">republic</a> (1989–1990)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Secretary_of_the_Bulgarian_Communist_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party (not yet started)">General Secretary</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9689576"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1946–1949 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georgi_Dimitrov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georgi Dimitrov (not yet started)">Georgi Dimitrov</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1949–1954 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vulko_Chervenkov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vulko Chervenkov (not yet started)">Vulko Chervenkov</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1954–1989 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Todor_Zhivkov" title="Todor Zhivkov">Todor Zhivkov</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1989–1990 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Petar_Mladenov" title="Petar Mladenov">Petar Mladenov</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Presidents_of_Bulgaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Presidents of Bulgaria (not yet started)">Head of state</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9689576"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1946–1947 (first) </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vasil_Kolarov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vasil Kolarov (not yet started)">Vasil Kolarov</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1989–1990 (last) </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Petar_Mladenov" title="Petar Mladenov">Petar Mladenov</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_Bulgaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Prime Ministers of Bulgaria (not yet started)">Head of government</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9689576"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1946–1949 (first) </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georgi_Dimitrov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georgi Dimitrov (not yet started)">Georgi Dimitrov</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1990 (last) </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrey_Lukanov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrey Lukanov (not yet started)">Andrey Lukanov</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legislature</th><td class="infobox-data">National Assembly<br />State Council (1971–1990)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Historical era</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9689576"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria#Communist_coup" title="Kingdom of Bulgaria">Monarchy abolished</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap">15 September 1946</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_109&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 109 (not yet started)">Admitted to the</a> <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">UN</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap">14 December 1955</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhivkov_Constitution&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhivkov Constitution (not yet started)">Zhivkov Constitution</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">18 May 1971</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <span class="nowrap"><a href="#End_of_the_People's_Republic">End of the People's Republic</a></span> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">15 November 1990</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Bulgaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Bulgaria (not yet started)">1991 Constitution</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">12 July 1991</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">110,994 km<sup>2</sup> (42,855 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Water (%)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">0.3</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9689576"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1946 </div></th><td class="infobox-data">7,029,349</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1989 </div></th><td class="infobox-data">8,987,000</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6670383">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(1989)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">0.918<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="nowrap"><span style="color:darkgreen">very high</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian_lev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian lev (not yet started)">Bulgarian lev</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Time zone</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a>+2</span> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Time" title="Eastern European Time">EET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a>+3</span> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Summer_Time" title="Eastern European Summer Time">EEST</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Left-_and_right-hand_traffic" title="Left- and right-hand traffic">Driving side</a></th><td class="infobox-data">right</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Calling code</th><td class="infobox-data">+359</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:BG" title="ISO 3166-2:BG">BG</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; background: transparent; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Preceded by</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Succeeded by</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; background: transparent; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria" title="Kingdom of Bulgaria">Kingdom of Bulgaria</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; background:transparent; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Republic of Bulgaria</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="ib-country-fn"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8662964">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="anchor" id="inforefa"></span>a. <b><a href="#infoa">^</a></b> All permanent non-Soviet members of the Warsaw Pact, <a href="/w/index.php?title=De-satellization_of_Communist_Romania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De-satellization of Communist Romania (not yet started)">except Romania</a>, were "European colonies".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>People's Republic of Bulgaria</b> was the official name of <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>, when it was a <a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist state">socialist republic</a> from 1946 to 1990. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Background" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Background"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It was ruled by the <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Communist_Party" title="Bulgarian Communist Party">Bulgarian Communist Party</a> (BCP) together with the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian_Agrarian_People%27s_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian Agrarian People's Union (not yet started)">Bulgarian Agrarian People's Union</a>. Bulgaria was closely allied with the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>, being part of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Comecon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Comecon (not yet started)">Comecon</a> and member of the <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</a>. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian_resistance_movement_during_World_War_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian resistance movement during World War II (not yet started)">Bulgarian resistance movement during World War II</a> deposed the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria" title="Kingdom of Bulgaria">Kingdom of Bulgaria</a> administration in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_of_1944&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgarian coup d'état of 1944 (not yet started)">Bulgarian coup d'état of 1944</a> which ended the country's <a href="/wiki/Alliance" title="Alliance">alliance</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Axis_powers_of_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Axis powers of World War II">Axis powers</a> and led to the People's Republic in 1946. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Society">Society</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Society" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Society"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The BCP modelled its policies after those of the Soviet Union. They transformed the country over the course of a decade from an <a href="/wiki/Agrarianism" title="Agrarianism">agrarian</a> <a href="/wiki/Peasant" title="Peasant">peasant society</a> into an <a href="/wiki/Industrialized" class="mw-redirect" title="Industrialized">industrialized</a> <a href="/wiki/Communist_state" title="Communist state">socialist society</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_the_1950s">In the 1950s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: In the 1950s" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: In the 1950s"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the mid-1950s after the death of <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Stalin</a>, the party's hardliners lost influence and a period of social <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalization (not yet started)">liberalization</a> and stability followed under <a href="/wiki/Todor_Zhivkov" title="Todor Zhivkov">Todor Zhivkov</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Since_1960s">Since 1960s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: Since 1960s" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Since 1960s"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After a new energy and transportation <a href="/wiki/Infrastructure" title="Infrastructure">infrastructure</a> was made, by 1960 <a href="/wiki/Manufacturing" title="Manufacturing">manufacturing</a> became the dominant sector of the economy and Bulgaria became a major <a href="/wiki/Export" title="Export">exporter</a> of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Household_goods&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Household goods (not yet started)">household goods</a> and later of <a href="/wiki/Computer" title="Computer">computer technologies</a>. It earned the nickname of "<a href="/wiki/Silicon_Valley" title="Silicon Valley">Silicon Valley</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern Bloc</a>". The country's high <a href="/w/index.php?title=Productivity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Productivity (not yet started)">productivity</a> levels and high scores for social development made it a model for other socialist countries' policies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disestablishment">Disestablishment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Change section: Disestablishment" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Disestablishment"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1989, political reforms were started. <a href="/wiki/Todor_Zhivkov" title="Todor Zhivkov">Todor Zhivkov</a>, who had served as head of the party since 1954, was removed from office in a BCP <a href="/wiki/Congress" title="Congress">congress</a>. In 1990, under the leadership of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aleksandar_Lilov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aleksandar Lilov (not yet started)">Aleksandar Lilov</a>, the BCP changed its name to the <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Socialist_Party" title="Bulgarian Socialist Party">Bulgarian Socialist Party</a> (BSP) and adopted <a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">social democracy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Democratic_socialism" title="Democratic socialism">democratic socialism</a> in place of <a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a>. Following the BSP victory in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=1990_Bulgarian_Constitutional_Assembly_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1990 Bulgarian Constitutional Assembly election (not yet started)">1990 election</a>, which was the first openly contested <a href="/wiki/Multi-party_system" title="Multi-party system">multi-party</a> election since <a href="/wiki/1931" title="1931">1931</a>, the name of the state was changed to the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Bulgaria">Republic of Bulgaria</a>. Geographically, the People's Republic of Bulgaria had the same borders as present-day Bulgaria. It bordered the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a> to the east; <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Romania" title="Socialist Republic of Romania">Romania</a> to the north; <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> (via <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Serbia" title="Socialist Republic of Serbia">SRs Serbia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia" title="Socialist Republic of Macedonia">Macedonia</a>) to the west and <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> and <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> to the south. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/219/hdr_1990_en_complete_nostats.pdf">Human Development Report 1990, p. 111</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=E7pQDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA132">Vladimir Tismaneanu, Marius Stan, Cambridge University Press, 17 May 2018, <i>Romania Confronts Its Communist Past: Democracy, Memory, and Moral Justice</i>, p. 132</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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