CINXE.COM

Q&A: Envorso Wants to Help OEMs Make Better Software In-House - Mobility Engineering Technology

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> <script src="https://cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" data-document-language="true" type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="0638869d-3d27-434f-b3ab-0dc0e9cf70f8" tb-donotmove></script> <script type="text/javascript" tb-donotmove> function OptanonWrapper() { } </script> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://static.mobilityengineeringtech.com/templates/met_2022/images/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/templates/met_2022/images/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://static.mobilityengineeringtech.com/templates/met_2022/images/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://static.mobilityengineeringtech.com/templates/met_2022/images/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="/templates/met_2022/images/site.webmanifest"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/templates/met_2022/images/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffc40d"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://res.cloudinary.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://kit.fontawesome.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://kit-pro.fontawesome.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagservices.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.google-analytics.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn.shareaholic.net"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://olytics.omeda.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://px.ads.linkedin.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://snap.licdn.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://agent.extrawatch.com"> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="/templates/met_2022/css/template.min.css?t=1732180729" integrity="sha512-UtoJaAI/4JQBZM00iYjo3qQK6A+Ak0jFi1wyU8KpaMUjQeqnekY5yHFR3nMajeDbJPLgcQD0/N3vXpzqE5uLHQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/cloudinary-core/2.13.1/cloudinary-core-shrinkwrap.min.js" integrity="sha512-stp48jOOmT4TXnB4bMJ0rlcR7XagE92cqr7pEb+oFQox6qNSyKiN31GajDsg5VVn+HgM5mhOZinSRXowsRmgPg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://kit.fontawesome.com/e04325f501.js" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/masonry/4.2.2/masonry.pkgd.min.js" integrity="sha512-JRlcvSZAXT8+5SQQAvklXGJuxXTouyq8oIMaYERZQasB8SBDHZaUbeASsJWpk0UUrf89DP3/aefPPrlMR1h1yQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lazysizes/5.3.2/lazysizes.min.js" integrity="sha512-q583ppKrCRc7N5O0n2nzUiJ+suUv7Et1JGels4bXOaMFQcamPk9HjdUknZuuFjBNs7tsMuadge5k9RzdmO+1GQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lazysizes/5.3.2/plugins/print/ls.print.min.js" integrity="sha512-tY3D/iSWSdQE2NSLW/mRWQd/bvHAGjyCLRwSd23sqNbbgVnUaah2t+ZpX7hdBOskZ7PqYvwe4E+qxNARGojJGQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.7.1/jquery.min.js" integrity="sha512-v2CJ7UaYy4JwqLDIrZUI/4hqeoQieOmAZNXBeQyjo21dadnwR+8ZaIJVT8EE2iyI61OV8e6M8PP2/4hpQINQ/g==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap/5.2.3/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" integrity="sha512-i9cEfJwUwViEPFKdC1enz4ZRGBj8YQo6QByFTF92YXHi7waCqyexvRD75S5NVTsSiTv7rKWqG9Y5eFxmRsOn0A==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/limonte-sweetalert2/11.14.5/sweetalert2.all.min.js" integrity="sha512-m4zOGknNg3h+mK09EizkXi9Nf7B3zwsN9ow+YkYIPZoA6iX2vSzLezg4FnW0Q6Z1CPaJdwgUFQ3WSAUC4E/5Hg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-select/1.14.0-beta3/css/bootstrap-select.min.css" integrity="sha512-g2SduJKxa4Lbn3GW+Q7rNz+pKP9AWMR++Ta8fgwsZRCUsawjPvF/BxSMkGS61VsR9yinGoEgrHPGPn2mrj8+4w==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-select/1.14.0-beta3/js/bootstrap-select.min.js" integrity="sha512-yrOmjPdp8qH8hgLfWpSFhC/+R9Cj9USL8uJxYIveJZGAiedxyIxwNw4RsLDlcjNlIRR4kkHaDHSmNHAkxFTmgg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="pubdate" content="20241104"> <meta name="keywords" content="Manufacturing &amp; Prototyping,Software,Electronics &amp; Computers,"> <meta name="robots" content="index, follow"> <meta name="author" content="SAE Media Group"> <meta value="twitter:site" content="@TechBriefsMag"> <meta property="og:description" content="Company’s chief product officer says automakers’ history of divvying up work on systems leads to slow, change-averse software development."> <meta property="og:image" content="http://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1731278142/sites/ae/articles/2024/regulars/SAE-MA-07483-envorso-programming-screen-unsplash-banner.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1731278142/sites/ae/articles/2024/regulars/SAE-MA-07483-envorso-programming-screen-unsplash-banner.jpg"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/52042-sae-ma-07483"> <meta property="og:title" content="Q&amp;A: Envorso Wants to Help OEMs Make Better Software In-House"> <meta property="og:type" content="article"> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"> <meta property="og:updated_time" content="2024-11-11 05:27:22"> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-11-11 05:27:22"> <meta property="article:publisher" content="SAE Media Group"> <meta name="description" content="Company’s chief product officer says automakers’ history of divvying up work on systems leads to slow, change-averse software development."> <title>Q&amp;A: Envorso Wants to Help OEMs Make Better Software In-House - Mobility Engineering Technology</title> <link href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/52042-sae-ma-07483" rel="canonical"> <style> /*! inlined from /media/plg_content_ntb_tagsbot/css/template.min.css by ntb_minifier */ .ntb_tagsbot .taglist { font-style: italic; margin-top: 10px } .ntb_tagsbot .tagmenus { background: #FFE; border: 1px dashed #DDD; padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px } .ntb_tagsbot .clusterlist { font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 10px; } .ntb_cluster_div { display: none; } .tagmenus div:first-of-type { font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 10px; } /* end /media/plg_content_ntb_tagsbot/css/template.min.css */ </style> <link href="/plugins/content/jw_disqus/jw_disqus/tmpl/css/template.min.css?v=3.7.0" rel="stylesheet" /> <style>/** * Critical CSS created by criticalcss.com * file: /css/critical/article-default.css' * createdAt : 2024-11-21T09:20:53.000Z * resultStatus : GOOD * originalSize : 289994 * size : 0 * validationStatus : GOOD */ @charset "UTF-8";#startOfPage{visibility:hidden}@font-face{font-family:Lato;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6uyw4BMUTPHjx4wWw.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:Lato;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:swap;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u9w4BMUTPHh6UVSwiPHA.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:Lato;font-style:normal;font-weight:900;font-display:swap;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u9w4BMUTPHh50XSwiPHA.ttf) format('truetype')}:root{--bs-blue:#324a98;--bs-indigo:#6610f2;--bs-purple:#6f42c1;--bs-pink:#e83e8c;--bs-red:#e60000;--bs-orange:#fd7e14;--bs-yellow:#ffc107;--bs-green:#28a745;--bs-teal:#20c997;--bs-cyan:#17a2b8;--bs-black:#000000;--bs-white:#ffffff;--bs-gray:#6c757d;--bs-gray-dark:#343a40;--bs-gray-100:#f8f9fa;--bs-gray-200:#e9ecef;--bs-gray-300:#dee2e6;--bs-gray-400:#ced4da;--bs-gray-500:#adb5bd;--bs-gray-600:#6c757d;--bs-gray-700:#495057;--bs-gray-800:#343a40;--bs-gray-900:#212529;--bs-primary:#005095;--bs-secondary:#6c757d;--bs-success:#28a745;--bs-info:#17a2b8;--bs-warning:#ffc107;--bs-danger:#e60000;--bs-light:#f8f9fa;--bs-dark:#212529;--bs-inverse:#000000;--bs-navbar:#005095;--bs-navitem:#ffffff;--bs-lightgray:#e9ecef;--bs-color-indigo:#6610f2;--bs-color-cyan:#17a2b8;--bs-color-blue:#324a98;--bs-color-orange:#fd7e14;--bs-color-red:#e60000;--bs-color-yellow:#ffc107;--bs-color-teal:#20c997;--bs-color-green:#28a745;--bs-color-pink:#e83e8c;--bs-color-black:#000000;--bs-color-white:#ffffff;--bs-color-gray:#6c757d;--bs-color-gray-dark:#343a40;--bs-primary-rgb:0,80,149;--bs-secondary-rgb:108,117,125;--bs-success-rgb:40,167,69;--bs-info-rgb:23,162,184;--bs-warning-rgb:255,193,7;--bs-danger-rgb:230,0,0;--bs-light-rgb:248,249,250;--bs-dark-rgb:33,37,41;--bs-inverse-rgb:0,0,0;--bs-navbar-rgb:0,80,149;--bs-navitem-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-lightgray-rgb:233,236,239;--bs-color-indigo-rgb:102,16,242;--bs-color-cyan-rgb:23,162,184;--bs-color-blue-rgb:50,74,152;--bs-color-orange-rgb:253,126,20;--bs-color-red-rgb:230,0,0;--bs-color-yellow-rgb:255,193,7;--bs-color-teal-rgb:32,201,151;--bs-color-green-rgb:40,167,69;--bs-color-pink-rgb:232,62,140;--bs-color-black-rgb:0,0,0;--bs-color-white-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-color-gray-rgb:108,117,125;--bs-color-gray-dark-rgb:52,58,64;--bs-white-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-black-rgb:0,0,0;--bs-body-color-rgb:33,37,41;--bs-body-bg-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-font-sans-serif:system-ui,-apple-system,"Segoe UI",Roboto,"Helvetica Neue","Noto Sans","Liberation Sans",Arial,sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol","Noto Color Emoji";--bs-font-monospace:SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,"Liberation Mono","Courier New",monospace;--bs-gradient:linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0));--bs-body-font-family:var(--bs-font-sans-serif);--bs-body-font-size:1rem;--bs-body-font-weight:400;--bs-body-line-height:1.5;--bs-body-color:#212529;--bs-body-bg:#ffffff;--bs-border-width:1px;--bs-border-style:solid;--bs-border-color:#dee2e6;--bs-border-color-translucent:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.175);--bs-border-radius:0.375rem;--bs-border-radius-sm:0.25rem;--bs-border-radius-lg:0.5rem;--bs-border-radius-xl:1rem;--bs-border-radius-2xl:2rem;--bs-border-radius-pill:50rem;--bs-link-color:#01abe9;--bs-link-hover-color:#8e8e8e;--bs-code-color:#e83e8c;--bs-highlight-bg:rgb(255, 242.6, 205.4)}*,::after,::before{box-sizing:border-box}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){:root{scroll-behavior:smooth}}body{margin:0;font-family:var(--bs-body-font-family);font-size:var(--bs-body-font-size);font-weight:var(--bs-body-font-weight);line-height:var(--bs-body-line-height);color:var(--bs-body-color);text-align:var(--bs-body-text-align);background-color:var(--bs-body-bg);-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-family:Lato,sans-serif;font-size:1rem}hr{margin:1rem 0;color:inherit;border:0;border-top:1px solid;opacity:.25}h1,h2,h4,h5,h6{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:1.2}h1{font-size:calc(1.375rem + 1.5vw)}@media (min-width:1200px){h1{font-size:2.5rem}}h2{font-size:calc(1.325rem + .9vw)}@media (min-width:1200px){h2{font-size:2rem}}h4{font-size:calc(1.275rem + .3vw)}@media (min-width:1200px){h4{font-size:1.5rem}}h5{font-size:1.25rem}h6{font-size:1rem}p{margin-top:0}ol,ul{padding-left:2rem;margin-top:0}ol,p,ul{margin-bottom:1rem}figure{margin:0 0 1rem}a{color:var(--bs-link-color);text-decoration:underline;color:#01a0e9}a:not([href]):not([class]){color:inherit;text-decoration:none}img,svg{vertical-align:middle}label{display:inline-block}button{border-radius:0;text-transform:none}button,input{margin:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}[type=button],[type=submit],button{-webkit-appearance:button}::-moz-focus-inner{padding:0;border-style:none}::-webkit-datetime-edit-day-field,::-webkit-datetime-edit-fields-wrapper,::-webkit-datetime-edit-hour-field,::-webkit-datetime-edit-minute,::-webkit-datetime-edit-month-field,::-webkit-datetime-edit-text,::-webkit-datetime-edit-year-field{padding:0}::-webkit-inner-spin-button{height:auto}::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-webkit-color-swatch-wrapper{padding:0}::file-selector-button{font:inherit;-webkit-appearance:button}iframe{border:0}img{max-width:100%;height:auto}.container,.container-fluid{--bs-gutter-x:1.5rem;--bs-gutter-y:0;width:100%;padding-right:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);padding-left:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto}@media (min-width:576px){.container{max-width:540px}}@media (min-width:768px){.container{max-width:720px}}@media (min-width:992px){.container{max-width:960px}}@media (min-width:1200px){.container{max-width:1140px}}@media (min-width:1400px){.container{max-width:1320px}}.row{--bs-gutter-x:1.5rem;--bs-gutter-y:0;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:calc(-1*var(--bs-gutter-y));margin-right:calc(-.5*var(--bs-gutter-x));margin-left:calc(-.5*var(--bs-gutter-x))}.row>*{flex-shrink:0;width:100%;max-width:100%;padding-right:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);padding-left:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);margin-top:var(--bs-gutter-y)}.col{flex:1 0 0%}.row-cols-1>*{flex:0 0 auto;width:100%}.col-2,.col-3{flex:0 0 auto;width:16.66666667%}.col-3{width:25%}.col-4{flex:0 0 auto;width:33.33333333%}.col-8,.col-9{flex:0 0 auto;width:66.66666667%}.col-9{width:75%}.col-10{flex:0 0 auto;width:83.33333333%}.col-12{flex:0 0 auto;width:100%}.g-0{--bs-gutter-x:0;--bs-gutter-y:0}.g-1{--bs-gutter-x:0.25rem;--bs-gutter-y:0.25rem}@media (min-width:576px){.col-sm-1{flex:0 0 auto;width:8.33333333%}.col-sm-6{flex:0 0 auto;width:50%}.col-sm-11{flex:0 0 auto;width:91.66666667%}}@media (min-width:768px){.col-md-2{flex:0 0 auto;width:16.66666667%}.col-md-10{flex:0 0 auto;width:83.33333333%}.col-md-12{flex:0 0 auto;width:100%}}@media (min-width:992px){.row-cols-lg-2>*{flex:0 0 auto;width:50%}.col-lg-auto{flex:0 0 auto;width:auto}.col-lg-4{flex:0 0 auto;width:33.33333333%}.col-lg-8{flex:0 0 auto;width:66.66666667%}.col-lg-12{flex:0 0 auto;width:100%}}.form-control{display:block;width:100%;padding:.375rem .75rem;font-size:1rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;color:#212529;background-color:#fff;background-clip:padding-box;border:1px solid #ced4da;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;border-radius:.375rem}.form-control::-webkit-date-and-time-value{height:1.5em}.form-control::-moz-placeholder{color:#6c757d;opacity:1}.form-floating{position:relative}.form-floating>.form-control{height:calc(3.5rem + 2px);line-height:1.25;padding:1rem .75rem}.form-floating>label{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;padding:1rem .75rem;overflow:hidden;text-align:start;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;border:1px solid transparent;transform-origin:0 0}.form-floating>.form-control::-moz-placeholder{color:transparent}.form-floating>.form-control:-webkit-autofill{padding-top:1.625rem;padding-bottom:.625rem}.form-floating>.form-control:-webkit-autofill~label{opacity:.65;transform:scale(.85) translateY(-.5rem) translateX(.15rem)}.input-group{position:relative;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:stretch;width:100%}.input-group>.form-floating{position:relative;flex:1 1 auto;width:1%;min-width:0}.input-group .btn{position:relative;z-index:2}.input-group:not(.has-validation)>.form-floating:not(:last-child)>.form-control{border-top-right-radius:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0}.input-group>:not(:first-child):not(.dropdown-menu):not(.valid-tooltip):not(.valid-feedback):not(.invalid-tooltip):not(.invalid-feedback){margin-left:-1px;border-top-left-radius:0;border-bottom-left-radius:0}.btn{color:var(--bs-btn-color);background-color:var(--bs-btn-bg);--bs-btn-padding-x:0.75rem;--bs-btn-padding-y:0.375rem;--bs-btn-font-size:1rem;--bs-btn-font-weight:400;--bs-btn-line-height:1.5;--bs-btn-color:#212529;--bs-btn-bg:transparent;--bs-btn-border-width:1px;--bs-btn-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-border-radius:0.375rem;--bs-btn-hover-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15),0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);--bs-btn-disabled-opacity:0.65;--bs-btn-focus-box-shadow:0 0 0 0.25rem rgba(var(--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb), .5);display:inline-block;padding:var(--bs-btn-padding-y) var(--bs-btn-padding-x);font-family:var(--bs-btn-font-family);font-size:var(--bs-btn-font-size);font-weight:var(--bs-btn-font-weight);line-height:var(--bs-btn-line-height);text-align:center;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:middle;border:var(--bs-btn-border-width) solid var(--bs-btn-border-color);border-radius:var(--bs-btn-border-radius)}.btn-primary{--bs-btn-color:#ffffff;--bs-btn-bg:#005095;--bs-btn-border-color:#005095;--bs-btn-hover-color:#ffffff;--bs-btn-hover-bg:rgb(0, 68, 126.65);--bs-btn-hover-border-color:rgb(0, 64, 119.2);--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb:38,106,165;--bs-btn-active-color:#ffffff;--bs-btn-active-bg:rgb(0, 64, 119.2);--bs-btn-active-border-color:rgb(0, 60, 111.75);--bs-btn-disabled-color:#ffffff;--bs-btn-disabled-bg:#005095;--bs-btn-disabled-border-color:#005095}.btn-primary,.btn-secondary{--bs-btn-active-shadow:inset 0 3px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.125)}.btn-secondary{--bs-btn-color:#ffffff;--bs-btn-bg:#6c757d;--bs-btn-border-color:#6c757d;--bs-btn-hover-color:#ffffff;--bs-btn-hover-bg:rgb(91.8, 99.45, 106.25);--bs-btn-hover-border-color:rgb(86.4, 93.6, 100);--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb:130,138,145;--bs-btn-active-color:#ffffff;--bs-btn-active-bg:rgb(86.4, 93.6, 100);--bs-btn-active-border-color:rgb(81, 87.75, 93.75);--bs-btn-disabled-color:#ffffff;--bs-btn-disabled-bg:#6c757d;--bs-btn-disabled-border-color:#6c757d}.btn-link{--bs-btn-font-weight:400;--bs-btn-color:var(--bs-link-color);--bs-btn-bg:transparent;--bs-btn-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-hover-color:var(--bs-link-hover-color);--bs-btn-hover-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-active-color:var(--bs-link-hover-color);--bs-btn-active-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-disabled-color:#6c757d;--bs-btn-disabled-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-box-shadow:none;--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb:38,106,165;text-decoration:underline}.btn-sm{--bs-btn-padding-y:0.25rem;--bs-btn-padding-x:0.5rem;--bs-btn-font-size:0.875rem;--bs-btn-border-radius:0.25rem}.fade:not(.show){opacity:0}.collapse:not(.show){display:none}.nav-link{display:block;padding:var(--bs-nav-link-padding-y) var(--bs-nav-link-padding-x);font-size:var(--bs-nav-link-font-size);font-weight:var(--bs-nav-link-font-weight);color:var(--bs-nav-link-color);text-decoration:none}.navbar{--bs-navbar-padding-x:0;--bs-navbar-padding-y:0.5rem;--bs-navbar-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55);--bs-navbar-hover-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);--bs-navbar-disabled-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);--bs-navbar-active-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);--bs-navbar-brand-padding-y:0.3125rem;--bs-navbar-brand-margin-end:1rem;--bs-navbar-brand-font-size:1.25rem;--bs-navbar-brand-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);--bs-navbar-brand-hover-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);--bs-navbar-nav-link-padding-x:0.5rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-padding-y:0.25rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-padding-x:0.75rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-font-size:1.25rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-icon-bg:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 30 30'%3e%3cpath stroke='rgba%280, 0, 0, 0.55%29' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='2' d='M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e");--bs-navbar-toggler-border-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);--bs-navbar-toggler-border-radius:0.375rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-focus-width:0.25rem;position:relative;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:var(--bs-navbar-padding-y) var(--bs-navbar-padding-x)}.navbar>.container-fluid{display:flex;flex-wrap:inherit;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between}.navbar-nav{--bs-nav-link-padding-x:0;--bs-nav-link-padding-y:0.5rem;--bs-nav-link-color:var(--bs-navbar-color);--bs-nav-link-hover-color:var(--bs-navbar-hover-color);--bs-nav-link-disabled-color:var(--bs-navbar-disabled-color);display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;list-style:none}@media (min-width:768px){.navbar-expand-md{flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:flex-start}.navbar-expand-md .navbar-nav{flex-direction:row}.navbar-expand-md .navbar-nav .nav-link{padding-right:var(--bs-navbar-nav-link-padding-x);padding-left:var(--bs-navbar-nav-link-padding-x)}}.card{--bs-card-spacer-y:1rem;--bs-card-spacer-x:1rem;--bs-card-title-spacer-y:0.5rem;--bs-card-border-width:0;--bs-card-border-color:var(--bs-border-color-translucent);--bs-card-border-radius:0;--bs-card-inner-border-radius:0;--bs-card-cap-padding-y:0.5rem;--bs-card-cap-padding-x:1rem;--bs-card-cap-bg:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03);--bs-card-bg:#ffffff;--bs-card-img-overlay-padding:1rem;--bs-card-group-margin:0.75rem;position:relative;display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-width:0;height:var(--bs-card-height);word-wrap:break-word;background-color:var(--bs-card-bg);background-clip:border-box;border:var(--bs-card-border-width) solid var(--bs-card-border-color);border-radius:var(--bs-card-border-radius)}.card-body{flex:1 1 auto;padding:var(--bs-card-spacer-y) var(--bs-card-spacer-x);color:var(--bs-card-color)}.card-img-top{width:100%;border-top-left-radius:var(--bs-card-inner-border-radius);border-top-right-radius:var(--bs-card-inner-border-radius)}.breadcrumb{display:flex;list-style:none;--bs-breadcrumb-padding-x:0;--bs-breadcrumb-padding-y:0;--bs-breadcrumb-margin-bottom:1rem;--bs-breadcrumb-font-size:1rem;--bs-breadcrumb-divider-color:#ffffff;--bs-breadcrumb-item-padding-x:0.5rem;--bs-breadcrumb-item-active-color:#5b5b5b;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:var(--bs-breadcrumb-padding-y) var(--bs-breadcrumb-padding-x);margin-bottom:var(--bs-breadcrumb-margin-bottom);font-size:var(--bs-breadcrumb-font-size);background-color:var(--bs-breadcrumb-bg);border-radius:var(--bs-breadcrumb-border-radius)}.breadcrumb-item+.breadcrumb-item{padding-left:var(--bs-breadcrumb-item-padding-x)}.breadcrumb-item+.breadcrumb-item::before{float:left;padding-right:var(--bs-breadcrumb-item-padding-x);color:var(--bs-breadcrumb-divider-color);content:var(--bs-breadcrumb-divider, "|")}.breadcrumb-item.active{color:var(--bs-breadcrumb-item-active-color)}.alert{--bs-alert-bg:transparent;--bs-alert-padding-x:1rem;--bs-alert-padding-y:1rem;--bs-alert-margin-bottom:1rem;--bs-alert-color:inherit;--bs-alert-border-color:transparent;--bs-alert-border:1px solid var(--bs-alert-border-color);--bs-alert-border-radius:0.375rem;position:relative;padding:var(--bs-alert-padding-y) var(--bs-alert-padding-x);margin-bottom:var(--bs-alert-margin-bottom);color:var(--bs-alert-color);background-color:var(--bs-alert-bg);border:var(--bs-alert-border);border-radius:var(--bs-alert-border-radius)}.alert-heading{color:inherit}.alert-link{font-weight:700}.alert-dismissible{padding-right:3rem}.alert-dismissible .btn-close{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;z-index:2;padding:1.25rem 1rem}.alert-primary{--bs-alert-color:rgb(0, 48, 89.4);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(204, 220, 233.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(178.5, 202.5, 223.2)}.alert-primary .alert-link{color:#002648}.alert-secondary{--bs-alert-color:rgb(64.8, 70.2, 75);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(225.6, 227.4, 229);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(210.9, 213.6, 216)}.alert-secondary .alert-link{color:#34383c}.alert-native,.alert-success,.alert-validation{--bs-alert-color:rgb(24, 100.2, 41.4);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(212, 237.4, 217.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(190.5, 228.6, 199.2)}.alert-native .alert-link,.alert-success .alert-link,.alert-validation .alert-link{color:#135021}.alert-info{--bs-alert-color:rgb(13.8, 97.2, 110.4);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(208.6, 236.4, 240.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(185.4, 227.1, 233.7)}.alert-info .alert-link{color:#0b4e58}.alert-warning{--bs-alert-color:rgb(102, 77.2, 2.8);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(255, 242.6, 205.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(255, 236.4, 180.6)}.alert-warning .alert-link{color:#523e02}.alert-danger,.alert-error{--bs-alert-color:#8a0000;--bs-alert-bg:#facccc;--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(247.5, 178.5, 178.5)}.alert-danger .alert-link,.alert-error .alert-link{color:#6e0000}.alert-light{--bs-alert-color:rgb(99.2, 99.6, 100);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(253.6, 253.8, 254);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(252.9, 253.2, 253.5)}.alert-light .alert-link{color:#4f5050}.alert-cleanup,.alert-dark{--bs-alert-color:rgb(19.8, 22.2, 24.6);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(210.6, 211.4, 212.2);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(188.4, 189.6, 190.8)}.alert-cleanup .alert-link,.alert-dark .alert-link{color:#101214}.alert-criticalcss,.alert-inverse{--bs-alert-color:black;--bs-alert-bg:#cccccc;--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(178.5, 178.5, 178.5)}.alert-criticalcss .alert-link,.alert-inverse .alert-link{color:#000}.alert-navbar{--bs-alert-color:rgb(0, 48, 89.4);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(204, 220, 233.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(178.5, 202.5, 223.2)}.alert-navbar .alert-link{color:#002648}.alert-navitem{--bs-alert-color:#666666;--bs-alert-bg:white;--bs-alert-border-color:white}.alert-navitem .alert-link{color:#525252}.alert-lightgray{--bs-alert-color:rgb(93.2, 94.4, 95.6);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(250.6, 251.2, 251.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(248.4, 249.3, 250.2)}.alert-lightgray .alert-link{color:#4b4c4c}.alert-advertising,.alert-color-indigo{--bs-alert-color:rgb(61.2, 9.6, 145.2);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(224.4, 207.2, 252.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(209.1, 183.3, 251.1)}.alert-advertising .alert-link,.alert-color-indigo .alert-link{color:#310874}.alert-color-cyan,.alert-notice{--bs-alert-color:rgb(13.8, 97.2, 110.4);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(208.6, 236.4, 240.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(185.4, 227.1, 233.7)}.alert-color-cyan .alert-link,.alert-notice .alert-link{color:#0b4e58}.alert-color-blue{--bs-alert-color:rgb(30, 44.4, 91.2);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(214, 218.8, 234.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(193.5, 200.7, 224.1)}.alert-color-blue .alert-link{color:#182449}.alert-cache,.alert-color-orange{--bs-alert-color:rgb(151.8, 75.6, 12);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(254.6, 229.2, 208);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(254.4, 216.3, 184.5)}.alert-cache .alert-link,.alert-color-orange .alert-link{color:#793c0a}.alert-color-red{--bs-alert-color:#8a0000;--bs-alert-bg:#facccc;--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(247.5, 178.5, 178.5)}.alert-color-red .alert-link{color:#6e0000}.alert-cdnjs,.alert-color-yellow{--bs-alert-color:rgb(102, 77.2, 2.8);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(255, 242.6, 205.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(255, 236.4, 180.6)}.alert-cdnjs .alert-link,.alert-color-yellow .alert-link{color:#523e02}.alert-color-teal,.alert-topic{--bs-alert-color:rgb(19.2, 120.6, 90.6);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(210.4, 244.2, 234.2);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(188.1, 238.8, 223.8)}.alert-color-teal .alert-link,.alert-topic .alert-link{color:#0f6048}.alert-color-green{--bs-alert-color:rgb(24, 100.2, 41.4);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(212, 237.4, 217.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(190.5, 228.6, 199.2)}.alert-color-green .alert-link{color:#135021}.alert-cloudinary,.alert-color-pink{--bs-alert-color:rgb(139.2, 37.2, 84);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(250.4, 216.4, 232);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(248.1, 197.1, 220.5)}.alert-cloudinary .alert-link,.alert-color-pink .alert-link{color:#6f1e43}.alert-color-black{--bs-alert-color:black;--bs-alert-bg:#cccccc;--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(178.5, 178.5, 178.5)}.alert-color-black .alert-link{color:#000}.alert-color-white{--bs-alert-color:#666666;--bs-alert-bg:white;--bs-alert-border-color:white}.alert-color-white .alert-link{color:#525252}.alert-color-gray{--bs-alert-color:rgb(64.8, 70.2, 75);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(225.6, 227.4, 229);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(210.9, 213.6, 216)}.alert-color-gray .alert-link{color:#34383c}.alert-color-gray-dark{--bs-alert-color:rgb(31.2, 34.8, 38.4);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(214.4, 215.6, 216.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(194.1, 195.9, 197.7)}.alert-color-gray-dark .alert-link{color:#191c1f}.btn-close{box-sizing:content-box;width:1em;height:1em;padding:.25em;color:#000;background:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 16 16' fill='%23000000'%3e%3cpath d='M.293.293a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 0L8 6.586 14.293.293a1 1 0 1 1 1.414 1.414L9.414 8l6.293 6.293a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 1.414L8 9.414l-6.293 6.293a1 1 0 0 1-1.414-1.414L6.586 8 .293 1.707a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") center/1em auto no-repeat;border:0;border-radius:.375rem;opacity:.5}.modal{--bs-modal-zindex:1055;--bs-modal-width:500px;--bs-modal-padding:1rem;--bs-modal-margin:0.5rem;--bs-modal-bg:#ffffff;--bs-modal-border-color:var(--bs-border-color-translucent);--bs-modal-border-width:1px;--bs-modal-border-radius:0.5rem;--bs-modal-box-shadow:0 0.125rem 0.25rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);--bs-modal-inner-border-radius:calc(0.5rem - 1px);--bs-modal-header-padding-x:1rem;--bs-modal-header-padding-y:1rem;--bs-modal-header-padding:1rem 1rem;--bs-modal-header-border-color:var(--bs-border-color);--bs-modal-header-border-width:1px;--bs-modal-title-line-height:1.5;--bs-modal-footer-gap:0.5rem;--bs-modal-footer-border-color:var(--bs-border-color);--bs-modal-footer-border-width:1px;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;z-index:var(--bs-modal-zindex);display:none;width:100%;height:100%;overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:auto;outline:0}.modal-dialog{position:relative;width:auto;margin:var(--bs-modal-margin)}.modal.fade .modal-dialog{transform:translate(0,-50px)}.modal-content{position:relative;display:flex;flex-direction:column;width:100%;color:var(--bs-modal-color);background-color:var(--bs-modal-bg);background-clip:padding-box;border:var(--bs-modal-border-width) solid var(--bs-modal-border-color);border-radius:var(--bs-modal-border-radius);outline:0}.modal-header{display:flex;flex-shrink:0;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:var(--bs-modal-header-padding);border-bottom:var(--bs-modal-header-border-width) solid var(--bs-modal-header-border-color);border-top-left-radius:var(--bs-modal-inner-border-radius);border-top-right-radius:var(--bs-modal-inner-border-radius)}.modal-title{margin-bottom:0;line-height:var(--bs-modal-title-line-height)}.modal-body{position:relative;flex:1 1 auto;padding:var(--bs-modal-padding)}@media (min-width:576px){.modal{--bs-modal-margin:1.75rem;--bs-modal-box-shadow:0 0.5rem 1rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15)}.modal-dialog{max-width:var(--bs-modal-width);margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto}.modal-sm{--bs-modal-width:300px}}.offcanvas{--bs-offcanvas-zindex:1045;--bs-offcanvas-width:400px;--bs-offcanvas-height:30vh;--bs-offcanvas-padding-x:1rem;--bs-offcanvas-padding-y:1rem;--bs-offcanvas-bg:#ffffff;--bs-offcanvas-border-width:1px;--bs-offcanvas-border-color:var(--bs-border-color-translucent);--bs-offcanvas-box-shadow:0 0.125rem 0.25rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:var(--bs-offcanvas-zindex);display:flex;flex-direction:column;max-width:100%;color:var(--bs-offcanvas-color);visibility:hidden;background-color:var(--bs-offcanvas-bg);background-clip:padding-box;outline:0}.offcanvas.offcanvas-end{top:0;right:0;width:var(--bs-offcanvas-width);border-left:var(--bs-offcanvas-border-width) solid var(--bs-offcanvas-border-color);transform:translateX(100%)}.offcanvas-header{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y) var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-x)}.offcanvas-header .btn-close{padding:calc(var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y)*.5) calc(var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-x)*.5);margin-top:calc(-.5*var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y));margin-right:calc(-.5*var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-x));margin-bottom:calc(-.5*var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y))}.offcanvas-title{margin-bottom:0;line-height:1.5}.offcanvas-body{flex-grow:1;padding:var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y) var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-x);overflow-y:auto}.d-inline-block{display:inline-block!important}.d-block{display:block!important}.d-flex{display:flex!important}.d-none{display:none!important}.position-relative{position:relative!important}.border-top{border-top:var(--bs-border-width) var(--bs-border-style) var(--bs-border-color)!important}.border-end-0{border-right:0!important}.border-bottom-0{border-bottom:0!important}.border-start-0{border-left:0!important}.border-primary{--bs-border-opacity:1;border-color:rgba(var(--bs-primary-rgb),var(--bs-border-opacity))!important}.w-100{width:100%!important}.h-100{height:100%!important}.flex-row{flex-direction:row!important}.justify-content-end{justify-content:flex-end!important}.justify-content-between{justify-content:space-between!important}.align-items-center{align-items:center!important}.align-content-center{align-content:center!important}.align-self-center{align-self:center!important}.m-0{margin:0!important}.mx-auto{margin-right:auto!important;margin-left:auto!important}.my-1,.navbar-side-item p{margin-top:.25rem!important;margin-bottom:.25rem!important}.my-2{margin-top:.5rem!important;margin-bottom:.5rem!important}.my-3{margin-top:1rem!important;margin-bottom:1rem!important}.my-auto{margin-top:auto!important;margin-bottom:auto!important}.mt-1{margin-top:.25rem!important}.mt-2{margin-top:.5rem!important}.mt-3{margin-top:1rem!important}.mt-5{margin-top:3rem!important}.me-1{margin-right:.25rem!important}.me-2{margin-right:.5rem!important}.me-3{margin-right:1rem!important}.me-4{margin-right:1.5rem!important}.mb-0{margin-bottom:0!important}.mb-1{margin-bottom:.25rem!important}.mb-2,article .article-body>figure img{margin-bottom:.5rem!important}.mb-3,article .article-body>figure{margin-bottom:1rem!important}.mb-4{margin-bottom:1.5rem!important}.mb-5{margin-bottom:3rem!important}.ms-0{margin-left:0!important}.ms-2{margin-left:.5rem!important}.ms-3{margin-left:1rem!important}.ms-auto{margin-left:auto!important}.p-1{padding:.25rem!important}.px-0{padding-right:0!important;padding-left:0!important}.px-3{padding-right:1rem!important;padding-left:1rem!important}.px-4{padding-right:1.5rem!important;padding-left:1.5rem!important}.pt-0{padding-top:0!important}.pe-5{padding-right:3rem!important}.pb-0{padding-bottom:0!important}.pb-1{padding-bottom:.25rem!important}.pb-3{padding-bottom:1rem!important}.navbar-side-item p{padding-left:0!important}.ps-3{padding-left:1rem!important}.text-center{text-align:center!important}.text-uppercase{text-transform:uppercase!important}.text-primary{--bs-text-opacity:1;color:rgba(var(--bs-primary-rgb),var(--bs-text-opacity))!important}.text-dark{--bs-text-opacity:1;color:rgba(var(--bs-light-rgb),var(--bs-text-opacity))!important;color:rgba(var(--bs-dark-rgb),var(--bs-text-opacity))!important}.text-black{--bs-text-opacity:1;color:rgba(var(--bs-color-gray-dark-rgb),var(--bs-text-opacity))!important;color:rgba(var(--bs-black-rgb),var(--bs-text-opacity))!important}.text-white{--bs-text-opacity:1;color:rgba(var(--bs-white-rgb),var(--bs-text-opacity))!important}.text-muted{--bs-text-opacity:1;color:#6c757d!important}.text-reset{--bs-text-opacity:1;color:inherit!important}.rounded-0{border-radius:0!important}@media (min-width:992px){.d-lg-block{display:block!important}}.blur-up{filter:blur(3px)}article p.author span,article p.date{font-weight:700}html{scroll-padding-top:100px}.adbox{background:#e6e6e7;padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px}.adtop{padding-bottom:5px}.container{max-width:1170px}.container.hero{margin-top:-46px}.full-width{max-width:100%;padding-right:15px!important;padding-left:15px!important}header{position:relative;z-index:75}.header-top{height:85px;justify-content:space-between}.header-top>.col:first-of-type{padding-left:3.125rem}.header-top a{text-decoration:none}.header-title{position:absolute;font-weight:900;font-size:1.6875rem;color:#01a0e9;margin-left:15px;text-align:center;line-height:1.6875rem}.header-title::before{content:"";display:block;position:absolute;top:-3px;left:-9px;width:2px;height:54px;background:#005095}.header-subtitle{color:#005095;font-size:.9375rem;font-weight:700;position:relative;bottom:-28px;left:15px}.fa-bars{font-size:2.25rem}.mobile-tagline{display:none;text-align:center}.mobile-tagline span{position:relative;font-weight:900;font-size:1.6875rem;color:#01a0e9;margin-left:15px;text-align:center}.nav-blue{height:70px;z-index:2;position:relative}.nav-blue-hide{height:70px;max-width:934px;width:934px;background-color:#1b75bb;color:#fff;font-size:1.25rem;font-weight:700;vertical-align:middle}.nav-blue-hide a{color:#fff;margin:0 30px;font-size:1.125rem}.nav-blue-hide-left{height:70px;width:30px;fill:#1b75bb}.b-link{font-weight:500;text-decoration:none}.nav-blue-login{color:#005095;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none}.nav-blue-top-level{display:flex;flex-flow:row nowrap}.nav-blue-top-level .fas.fa-search{margin-top:5px}.nav-blue-drop-menu-container{background:#d1e8f7;margin-top:30px;padding:20px}.nav-blue-drop{display:none;position:absolute;top:40px;z-index:99;width:20%;margin:0 auto}.nav-blue-drop ul{padding-left:10px;list-style-type:none}.nav-blue-drop ul li{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem}.nav-blue-drop ul li a{color:#1b75bb;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;font-weight:400;font-size:1rem;text-decoration:none}.nav-blue-drop-arrow{width:0;height:0;border-left:10px solid transparent;border-right:10px solid transparent;border-bottom:10px solid #d1e8f7;position:absolute;top:20px}.nav-blue-hide .fa-chevron-down{font-size:.75rem;margin-left:5px;vertical-align:middle}.hero .s-hero>div{position:relative}.rightcol-trending a{color:#000;text-decoration:none}.infobar,.infotop{background:#ccc;width:100%;max-width:1146px}.infotop{padding-top:60px}.infobar{padding-left:35px}.infobar .breadcrumb{font-weight:700;color:#005095;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:0}.infobar .breadcrumb .breadcrumb-item a{color:#005095;text-decoration:none}.card{border-radius:0;border:0;margin-bottom:15px}.card .fas{font-size:.875rem;margin-right:5px}.card-img-top{border-radius:0}.rightcol-trending h4 span:first-of-type{background:gray}.content{padding-right:30px}.rightcol{border-left:1px solid #000;padding-left:30px!important}.rightcol h2{vertical-align:middle;font-size:1.875rem;font-weight:900;color:#005095;margin-bottom:35px;border-top:3px solid #005095;padding-top:10px;text-transform:uppercase}.rightcol h4{text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.8125rem;font-weight:700;color:gray;background:#f05a28;display:inline-block;margin-bottom:10px}.rightcol p{font-size:.9375rem;padding-bottom:10px;border-bottom:1px solid #000;color:#000;min-height:70px}.rightcol p>img{float:right;margin-left:10px}.rightcol p:last-of-type{border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.rightcol-trending h4 span{padding:5px;background:#f05a28}.container.article{position:relative}figure figcaption{color:gray;margin-top:5px;font-size:.85rem}article .article-social-share{display:flex;flex-flow:column nowrap;align-items:center;border-top:1px solid #2d2c2c;border-bottom:1px solid #2d2c2c;width:30px;padding:20px 0;margin-top:10px}article .article-social-share a{margin-bottom:20px;color:#2d2c2c;font-size:1.5625rem}article .article-social-share a:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}article .article-social-share i{color:#2d2c2c;font-size:1.5625rem}article .article-title,article h1{font-weight:700;color:#000;font-size:2rem}article h2{font-size:1.25rem;margin-bottom:20px}article .article-body h6{font-weight:700;line-height:1.2}article .article-body>figure img{width:100%}article .related-content h6{font-size:.9rem}@media (min-width:576px){article .related-content h6{font-size:.7875rem}}article .related-content a{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.2}@media (min-width:576px){article .related-content a{font-size:.875rem}}.article-content{padding:0 10px;background:#fff;position:relative}.article-content .author,.article-content .date{font-weight:700}body:before{display:none}footer h5{color:#005095;font-weight:900;font-size:1.625rem}@media screen and (max-width:1140px){.container{padding-left:15px!important;padding-right:15px!important}}@media (max-width:992px){.container.article{margin-top:0;padding:10px 25px 0}.content{padding-right:15px!important}.rightcol-trending p>img{display:none}.header-top{height:90px;padding:20px 0;margin-bottom:10px}.header-top>.col:first-of-type{padding-left:15px}.hero .col.s-hero{padding:0!important}.infobar{padding-top:20px}.login-box{margin-right:0!important;justify-content:center}.nav-blue{display:none!important}.rightcol{padding-left:15px!important;border:0!important}.container.hero{margin-top:0}}@media (max-width:767px){.header-subtitle,.header-title{display:none}.login-box{order:3}.header-top{height:135px}.mobile-tagline{display:block;order:5}}@media (max-width:600px){.infobar{padding-left:15px}}@media (max-width:576px){.article .article-social-share{flex-flow:row nowrap;align-items:center;border-top:1px solid #2d2c2c;border-bottom:1px solid #2d2c2c;width:100%;padding:10px 0;margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:20px;justify-content:space-around}.article .article-social-share a{margin:0 10px 0 0}.article-content{padding:0 10px}.container.article{padding:0}}@media (max-width:500px){.article .article-title{font-size:2.0625rem}}@media (max-width:400px){.article .article-title{font-size:1.625rem}}@media (max-width:350px){.mobile-tagline span{font-size:1.375rem}}.alert{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:smaller}.alert-heading{text-transform:uppercase;font-size:1rem;font-weight:lighter}[role=button]{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,"Segoe UI",Roboto,"Helvetica Neue","Noto Sans","Liberation Sans",Arial,sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol","Noto Color Emoji";font-size:100%;line-height:1.15;margin:0}@media (max-width:575.98px){body:before{content:"xs"}}@media (min-width:576px) and (max-width:767.98px){body:before{content:"sm"}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:991.98px){body:before{content:"md"}}@media (min-width:992px) and (max-width:1199.98px){body:before{content:"lg"}}@media (min-width:1200px) and (max-width:1399.98px){body:before{content:"xl"}}[class^=ad-position]{max-width:1200px}@media (min-width:1400px){body:before{content:"xxl"}[class^=ad-position]{max-width:1400px;margin-right:auto!important;margin-left:auto!important}}.section-overline{color:#005095;text-transform:uppercase;width:100%;border-top:4px solid #005095;padding-top:.5rem;margin-bottom:1rem;text-align:left}.related-content a,footer a{color:#000;text-decoration:none}.navbar-side{padding:0;list-style:none}.navbar-side a{color:#212529;text-decoration:none}.navbar-side h6{color:#01a0e9;text-transform:uppercase}.navbar-side h6 a{color:#005095;text-decoration:none}.navbar-side hr{border-color:#495057;margin-left:1rem}.navbar-side-item{padding-left:1rem}.menu-side-sections>div li:first-of-type,.navbar-side-item p:first-of-type{margin-top:1.25rem}.navbar-side-item a{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,"Segoe UI",Roboto,"Helvetica Neue","Noto Sans","Liberation Sans",Arial,sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol","Noto Color Emoji";font-weight:700;text-decoration:none}.panel-heading h6:after{font-family:"Arial Black",Arial,sans-serif;content:"–";float:right;color:#343a40;padding:0 5px;font-size:1.2rem}.panel-heading .collapsed h6:after{content:"+"}.tb-mediagroup{background-color:#fff;padding:5px 0;color:#000}.tb-mediagroup a{color:#000;text-decoration:none}.tb-mediagroup .panel-heading h6:after{color:#212529} article .article-body .auto-half-width, article .article-body .half-width, article .article-body .auto-third-width, article .article-body .third-width { position: relative; width: 100%; padding-right: 15px; padding-left: 15px; flex: 0 0 100%; max-width: 100%; text-align: center !important; clear: left; float: left !important; } article .article-body > figure.third-width img, article .article-body > img.third-width, article .article-body > figure.auto-third-width img, article .article-body > img.auto-third-width, article .article-body > figure.half-width img, article .article-body > img.half-width, article .article-body > figure.auto-half-width img, article .article-body > img.auto-half-width { margin-bottom: 0.5rem !important; } article .article-body > figure.third-width figcaption, article .article-body > figure.auto-third-width figcaption, article .article-body > figure.half-width figcaption, article .article-body > figure.auto-half-width figcaption { padding-right: 3rem !important; padding-left: 3rem !important; } @media (min-width: 576px) { article .article-body > figure.third-width figcaption, article .article-body > figure.auto-third-width figcaption, article .article-body > figure.half-width figcaption, article .article-body > figure.auto-half-width figcaption { padding-right: 0 !important; padding-left: 0 !important; } article .article-body .auto-third-width, article .article-body .third-width, article .article-body .auto-half-width, article .article-body .half-width { text-align: left !important; } article .article-body .auto-third-width, article .article-body .third-width { flex: 0 0 33.3333333333%; max-width: 33.3333333333%; } .article-body .auto-half-width, article .article-body .half-width { flex: 0 0 50%; max-width: 50%; } } </style> <script type="application/json" class="joomla-script-options new">{"system.paths":{"root":"","rootFull":"https:\/\/www.mobilityengineeringtech.com\/","base":"","baseFull":"https:\/\/www.mobilityengineeringtech.com\/"},"csrf.token":"3a403435e015ab673cc9020df128c6e4","system.keepalive":{"interval":3600000,"uri":"\/component\/ajax\/?format=json"}}</script> <script type="module"> /*! inlined from /media/system/js/keepalive.min.js by ntb_minifier */ /** * @copyright (C) 2018 Open Source Matters, Inc. <https://www.joomla.org> * @license GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE.txt */ /** * Keepalive javascript behavior * * Used for keeping the session alive * * @package Joomla.JavaScript * @since 3.7.0 */ if (!window.Joomla) { throw new Error('Joomla API was not properly initialised'); } const keepAliveOptions = Joomla.getOptions('system.keepalive'); const keepAliveInterval = keepAliveOptions && keepAliveOptions.interval ? parseInt(keepAliveOptions.interval, 10) : 45 * 1000; let keepAliveUri = keepAliveOptions && keepAliveOptions.uri ? keepAliveOptions.uri.replace(/&amp;/g, '&') : ''; // Fallback in case no keepalive uri was found. if (keepAliveUri === '') { const systemPaths = Joomla.getOptions('system.paths'); keepAliveUri = `${systemPaths ? `${systemPaths.root}/index.php` : window.location.pathname}?option=com_ajax&format=json`; } setInterval(() => fetch(keepAliveUri, { method: 'POST' }), keepAliveInterval); /* end /media/system/js/keepalive.min.js */ </script> <script src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js" async tb-donotmove></script> <script>// // GTM datalayer // window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; temisClusters = []; temisClusters.push("Electrical, Electronics, and Avionics"); topicClusters = []; topicClusters.push("Manufacturing & Prototyping"); topicClusters.push("Software"); dataLayer.push({'topicClusters': topicClusters}); dataLayer.push({'temisClusters': temisClusters}); dataLayer.push({'canonicalURL': 'https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/52042-sae-ma-07483'}); dataLayer.push({'articleID': '52042'}); </script> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script tb-donotmove>(function (w, d, s, l, i) { w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js'}); var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j = d.createElement(s), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f); })(window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-MSN5FV9'); </script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> </head> <body> <!--Google Tag Manager(noscript)--> <noscript tb-donotmove > <iframe src = "https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MSN5FV9" height = "0" width = "0" style = "display:none;visibility:hidden" ></iframe > </noscript > <!--End Google Tag Manager(noscript)--> <!-- Header --> <header> <div class="container"> <div class="row header-top"> <div class="col col-2 col-md-10 col-lg-auto my-auto"> <img style="float: left; width: 75px" class="site-logo lazyload" width="75px" data-src="https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/q_auto,f_auto/sites/met/template/sae-logo.svg"/> <a href="/"> <span class="header-title">MOBILITY ENGINEERING</span> <span class="header-subtitle">Produced by SAE Media Group</span> </a></div> <div class="col col-4 col-md-2 col-lg-auto d-flex align-items-center mr-5 login-box ms-auto"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md"> <div class="container-fluid"> <ul class="navbar-nav ms-auto"> <li class="nav-item d-lg-block d-none"> <a class="nav-link nav-blue-login" href="#" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#cb-form">Login</a></li> <li class="nav-item d-lg-block d-none"> <a class="nav-link nav-blue-login" href="/account/registration">Sign up</a></li> <li class="nav-item d-block ms-3"> <a data-bs-toggle="offcanvas" href="#" role="button" data-bs-target="#HamburgerSidebar" aria-controls="HamburgerSidebar"> <i class="fas fa-bars"></i> </a></li></ul></div> </nav></div> <div class="col col-12 mobile-tagline"> <span>MOBILITY ENGINEERING</span></div></div></div> <!-- Main Nav --> <div class="container nav-blue d-flex justify-content-end"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="nav-blue-hide-left"> <polygon points="0, 24 20, 0 30, 0 30, 70"></polygon> </svg> <div class="nav-blue-hide px-4 d-flex flex-row justify-content-between"><div id="menu-top-hubs" class="nav-blue-top-level my-auto"> <div class="b-drop"> <a href="/met/topic/automotive" class="b-link" id="b-drop-automotive"> Automotive <i class="fas fa-chevron-down"></i> </a> <div class="nav-blue-drop" id="nav-blue-drop-menu-automotive"> <div class="nav-blue-drop-menu-container"> <div class="nav-blue-drop-arrow"></div> <div> <ul> <li><a href="/met/topic/automotive/autonomy">Autonomy</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/automotive/adas">ADAS</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/automotive/connectivity-v2x">Connectivity/&#8203;V2X</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/automotive/cybersecurity">Cybersecurity</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/automotive/design-simulation">Design &amp; Simulation</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/automotive/battery-electrification">Battery &amp; Electrification</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/automotive/manufacturing-materials">Manufacturing &amp; Materials</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/automotive/engine-powertrain">Engine/&#8203;Powertrain</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/automotive/propulsion">Propulsion</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/automotive/sensors">Sensors</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/automotive/testing">Testing</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div> <div class="b-drop"> <a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle" class="b-link" id="b-drop-commercial-vehicle"> Commercial Vehicle <i class="fas fa-chevron-down"></i> </a> <div class="nav-blue-drop" id="nav-blue-drop-menu-commercial-vehicle"> <div class="nav-blue-drop-menu-container"> <div class="nav-blue-drop-arrow"></div> <div> <ul> <li><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/autonomy">Autonomy</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/adas">ADAS</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/connectivity-v2x">Connectivity/&#8203;V2X</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/cybersecurity">Cybersecurity</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/design-simulation">Design &amp; Simulation</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/battery-electrification">Battery &amp; Electrification</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/fluid-power-motion-control">Fluid Power &amp; Motion Control</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/manufacturing-materials">Manufacturing &amp; Materials</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/engine-powertrain">Engine/&#8203;Powertrain</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/sensors">Sensors</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/testing">Testing</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div> <div class="b-drop"> <a href="/met/topic/aerospace" class="b-link" id="b-drop-aerospace"> Aerospace <i class="fas fa-chevron-down"></i> </a> <div class="nav-blue-drop" id="nav-blue-drop-menu-aerospace"> <div class="nav-blue-drop-menu-container"> <div class="nav-blue-drop-arrow"></div> <div> <ul> <li><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/manufacturing-materials">Manufacturing &amp; Materials</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/data-acquisition">Data Acquisition</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/test-measurement">Test &amp; Measurement</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/sensors">Sensors</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/rf-microwave">RF &amp; Microwave</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/electronics-computers">Electronics &amp; Computers</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/vehicles-robotics">Vehicles &amp; Robotics</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/imaging-optics">Imaging &amp; Optics</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/lasers-photonics">Lasers &amp; Photonics</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/weapons-systems">Weapons Systems</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div> <div class="b-drop"> <a href="/met/topic/ev-hub" class="b-link" id="b-drop-ev-hub"> EV Hub <i class="fas fa-chevron-down"></i> </a> <div class="nav-blue-drop" id="nav-blue-drop-menu-ev-hub"> <div class="nav-blue-drop-menu-container"> <div class="nav-blue-drop-arrow"></div> <div> <ul> <li><a href="/met/topic/ev-hub/alternative-fuels">Alternative Fuels</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/ev-hub/batteries">Batteries</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/ev-hub/electrification">Electrification</a></li> <li><a href="/met/topic/ev-hub/energy">Energy</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class="nav-item nav-blue-top-level my-auto"> <a class="nav-link" id="search-side-button" data-bs-toggle="offcanvas" href="#HamburgerSidebar" role="button" aria-controls="HamburgerSidebar"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> </a></div></div></div><div class="offcanvas offcanvas-end" tabindex="-1" id="HamburgerSidebar" aria-labelledby="HamburgerSidebarLabel"> <div class="offcanvas-header"> <h5 class="offcanvas-title" id="HamburgerSidebarLabel"></h5> <button type="button" class="btn-close text-reset" data-bs-dismiss="offcanvas" aria-label="Close"></button></div> <div class="offcanvas-body px-0 pt-0"> <div class="search-container w-100 ps-3"><form id="searchform" action="/met/search" method="get"> <div class="input-group pe-5"> <div class="form-floating"> <input type="text" name="query" placeholder="Search" id="searchbox" class="form-control" value=""> <label for="searchbox">Search</label></div> <button id="searchbox-button" class="btn btn-primary" type="button" onclick="$('#searchform').submit()"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> </button></div></form></div> <ul class="navbar-side nav-bar"><div class="menu-side-sections row me-1"> <div class="navbar-side-item col-12"> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/">Home</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/met/features">Features</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/met/stories">Stories</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/met/webcasts">Webinars</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/met/whitepapers">White Papers</a></li></div></div><hr> <div id="sidebar-accordion" class="navbar-side-item" role="tablist" aria-multiselectable="true"><div class="menu-side-explore row mt-2 me-1 tb-mediagroup"> <div class="explore-title col-10 navbar-side-item"> <h6 class="my-2">Explore SAE Media Group</h6></div> <div id="explore-heading" class="col-2 navbar-side-item panel-heading" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed mt-1" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#explore-collapse" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="explore-collapse"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="explore-collapse" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="explore-heading"> <div class="explore-wrapper col-12"> <li class="navbar-side-item"><a href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/">Medical Design Briefs</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item"><a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/">Tech Briefs</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item"><a href="https://createthefuturecontest.com">Create the Future Design Contest</a></li></div></div></div><div id="menu-side-hubs"> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/met/topic/automotive">Automotive</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-2214" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-2214" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-2214"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-2214" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-2214"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/automotive/autonomy">Autonomy</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/automotive/adas">ADAS</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/automotive/connectivity-v2x">Connectivity/&#8203;V2X</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/automotive/cybersecurity">Cybersecurity</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/automotive/design-simulation">Design &amp; Simulation</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/automotive/battery-electrification">Battery &amp; Electrification</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/automotive/manufacturing-materials">Manufacturing &amp; Materials</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/automotive/engine-powertrain">Engine/&#8203;Powertrain</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/automotive/propulsion">Propulsion</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/automotive/sensors">Sensors</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/automotive/testing">Testing</a></p></div></div></div> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle">Commercial Vehicle</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-2215" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-2215" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-2215"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-2215" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-2215"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/autonomy">Autonomy</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/adas">ADAS</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/connectivity-v2x">Connectivity/&#8203;V2X</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/cybersecurity">Cybersecurity</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/design-simulation">Design &amp; Simulation</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/battery-electrification">Battery &amp; Electrification</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/fluid-power-motion-control">Fluid Power &amp; Motion Control</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/manufacturing-materials">Manufacturing &amp; Materials</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/engine-powertrain">Engine/&#8203;Powertrain</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/sensors">Sensors</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/testing">Testing</a></p></div></div></div> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/met/topic/aerospace">Aerospace</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-2213" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-2213" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-2213"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-2213" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-2213"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/manufacturing-materials">Manufacturing &amp; Materials</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/data-acquisition">Data Acquisition</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/test-measurement">Test &amp; Measurement</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/sensors">Sensors</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/rf-microwave">RF &amp; Microwave</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/electronics-computers">Electronics &amp; Computers</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/vehicles-robotics">Vehicles &amp; Robotics</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/imaging-optics">Imaging &amp; Optics</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/lasers-photonics">Lasers &amp; Photonics</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/aerospace/weapons-systems">Weapons Systems</a></p></div></div></div> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/met/topic/ev-hub">EV Hub</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-2787" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-2787" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-2787"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-2787" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-2787"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/ev-hub/alternative-fuels">Alternative Fuels</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/ev-hub/batteries">Batteries</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/ev-hub/electrification">Electrification</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/met/topic/ev-hub/energy">Energy</a></p></div></div></div></div><div class="menu-side-followus mb-5"> <hr class="ms-0 me-4 my-1"> <div class="followus-wrapper my-3"> <div class="title-wrapper"> <h6 class="mb-0">FOLLOW US</h6></div> <div class="menu-wrapper"> <p class="text-primary"> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=25d23930eb508eb8d390277b0641827b&service_nickname=linkedin_company&username=sae-media-group" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-linkedin"></i></a></p></div></div></div></div></ul> <div class="row px-3 navbar-side"> <hr> <h6 class="mb-2">Magazines</h6><div class="col-sm-6"> <div class="card"> <a href="/component/content/article/51836-doc-9497" class="side-link"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_400,f_auto,q_auto/v1727846041/sites/adt/covers/ADT-2024-10.jpg' class='card-img-top lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Magazine cover' /></a> <div class="card-body px-0 pb-3"> <p class="mb-1"><a href="/component/content/article/51836-doc-9497" class="side-link text-uppercase">Current Issue</a></p> <p class="mb-1"><a href="/adt/magazine/archives" class="side-link text-uppercase">Archives</a></p> <a href="https://tbm.dragonforms.com/loading.do?omedasite=ADTland" target="_km"> <button class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">SUBSCRIBE <i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i></button> </a></div></div></div><div class="col-sm-6"> <div class="card"> <a href="/component/content/article/51787-doc-9482" class="side-link"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_400,f_auto,q_auto/v1728029718/sites/ae/covers/AE-2024-10.jpg' class='card-img-top lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Magazine cover' /></a> <div class="card-body px-0 pb-3"> <p class="mb-1"><a href="/component/content/article/51787-doc-9482" class="side-link text-uppercase">Current Issue</a></p> <p class="mb-1"><a href="/met/magazine/ae/archives" class="side-link text-uppercase">Archives</a></p> <a href="https://tbm.dragonforms.com/loading.do?omedasite=AUEland" target="_km"> <button class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">SUBSCRIBE <i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i></button> </a></div></div></div><div class="col-sm-6"> <div class="card"> <a href="/component/content/article/51832-doc-9495" class="side-link"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_400,f_auto,q_auto/v1728570188/sites/tohe/covers/TOHE-2024-10.jpg' class='card-img-top lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Magazine cover' /></a> <div class="card-body px-0 pb-3"> <p class="mb-1"><a href="/component/content/article/51832-doc-9495" class="side-link text-uppercase">Current Issue</a></p> <p class="mb-1"><a href="/met/magazine/tohe/archives" class="side-link text-uppercase">Archives</a></p> <a href="https://tbm.dragonforms.com/loading.do?omedasite=TOHland" target="_km"> <button class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">SUBSCRIBE <i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i></button> </a></div></div></div><div class="col-sm-6"> <div class="card"> <a href="/component/content/article/51833-doc-9496" class="side-link"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_400,f_auto,q_auto/v1727498428/sites/tb/covers/BET-2024-10.jpg' class='card-img-top lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Magazine cover' /></a> <div class="card-body px-0 pb-3"> <p class="mb-1"><a href="/component/content/article/51833-doc-9496" class="side-link text-uppercase">Current Issue</a></p> <p class="mb-1"><a href="/met/magazine/bet/archives" class="side-link text-uppercase">Archives</a></p> <a href="https://tbm.dragonforms.com/loading.do?omedasite=BETland" target="_km"> <button class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">SUBSCRIBE <i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i></button> </a></div></div></div></div></div></div></header> <span itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <meta itemprop="name" content="SAE Media Group"/> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.techbriefsmediagroup.com"/> <span itemprop="logo" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.techbriefsmediagroup.com/templates/tbmg/images/tbmg_logo.png"/> <meta itemprop="width" content="210"/> <meta itemprop="height" content="50"/> </span> </span><div class="container hero"><div class="row"> <div class="col s-hero topic-hero"> <div class="infobar infotop"> <nav aria-label="breadcrumb"> <ol itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/BreadcrumbList" class="breadcrumb"> <li class="breadcrumb-item" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem"> <a itemprop="item" href="/"><span itemprop="name">Home</span></a> <meta itemprop="position" content="1"></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem"> <a itemprop="item" href="/met/features"><span itemprop="name">Features</span></a> <meta itemprop="position" content="2"></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item active" aria-current="page"> <span> Article</span></li></ol> </nav></div></div></div> <!-- Full Width Ad --> <div class="container adbox adtop full-width my-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-12 align-self-center text-center"><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm','md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'mobilityengineeringtech.com_1800x450',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/mobilityengineeringtech.com_1800x450',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid'],div_id:'GAM_pos_11_modid_491',target_pos:'11',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_11_modid_491' class=""></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="row"> <div class="col s-hero topic-hero"></div></div><main role="main"> <div class="container article mt-3 g-0"> <div class="row article-content"> <div class="col-md-12 col-lg-8 content g-0"><article class="item-page" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Article"> <meta itemprop="inLanguage" content="en-GB"/> <div class="row"> <div class="article-title col-12 mb-2"> <h1 itemprop="headline">Q&amp;A: Envorso Wants to Help OEMs Make Better Software In-House</h1><h2 class="subhead" itemprop="alternativeHeadline"> Company’s chief product officer says automakers’ history of divvying up work on systems leads to slow, change-averse software development.</h2></div></div> <div class="row" itemprop="articleBody"> <div class="col-12 col-sm-1"><aside class="article-social-share"> <a href="https://www.shareaholic.com/api/share/?apikey=25d23930eb508eb8d390277b0641827b&apitype=1&v=1&service=facebook&link=https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/52042-sae-ma-07483?m=2564&title=Q%26A%3A+Envorso+Wants+to+Help+OEMs+Make+Better+Software+In-House" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-facebook fa-lg"></i></a> <a href="https://www.shareaholic.com/api/share/?apikey=25d23930eb508eb8d390277b0641827b&apitype=1&v=1&service=twitter&link=https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/52042-sae-ma-07483?m=2564&title=Q%26A%3A+Envorso+Wants+to+Help+OEMs+Make+Better+Software+In-House" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-square-x-twitter fa-lg"></i></a> <a href="https://www.shareaholic.com/api/share/?apikey=25d23930eb508eb8d390277b0641827b&apitype=1&v=1&service=linkedin&link=https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/52042-sae-ma-07483?m=2564&title=Q%26A%3A+Envorso+Wants+to+Help+OEMs+Make+Better+Software+In-House" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-linkedin fa-lg"></i></a> <a href="#" onclick="$('html, body').animate({scrollTop:($('#disqus_thread').offset().top)},500);"><i class="fa fa-comment"></i></a> </aside></div> <div class="article-body col-sm-11 col-12 g-0"><p class="date"> <time datetime="2024-11-04T07:00:00-05:00" itemprop="dateCreated"> November 4, 2024</time></p> <time datetime="2024-11-11T00:27:22-05:00" itemprop="dateModified"> </time> <meta itemprop="keywords" content=""><p class="author" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"> <span itemprop="name">Chris Clonts</span></p><a id="startOfPage"></a> <figure><img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_auto,f_auto,q_auto/v1731278142/sites/ae/articles/2024/regulars/SAE-MA-07483-envorso-programming-screen-unsplash-banner.jpg' class=' w-100 cld-responsive' alt='' /> <figcaption>Automobile manufacturers have been slow to develop the staff and skills necessary to produce whole-system software. (Unsplash)</figcaption></figure> <p>At the Reuters Automotive USA 2024 conference in Detroit, SAE Media had the opportunity to speak with Stuart Taylor, chief product officer of Envorso, a software consultancy with a mission to help OEMs and Tier 1 suppliers write better software by doing it in-house. Companies have been plagued with issues around software written both in-house and via outside contractors.</p> <figure class="half-width"><img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_auto,f_auto,q_auto/v1731278142/sites/ae/articles/2024/regulars/SAE-MA-07483-envorso-stuart-taylor-gallery.jpg' class=' w-100 cld-responsive' alt='' /> <figcaption>Stuart Taylor is Envorso's chief product officer. (Envorso)</figcaption></figure> <h5>Q: There is still a debate around just what “software defined” means in “SDV.” Is there a solution that would get everyone on the same page?</h5> <p><strong>A: </strong>If you think back to what we did when we were defining the ADAS levels [one through four], that’s what software defined vehicle now needs. It says, okay, you are this, you are at this point along the journey, and your next step is this. And I think the industry needs to come together and actually think that through, so that we will have a clear understanding. And of course, the concept, from my view, is not new. In fact, we've been doing it in the industry for many, many years, as long as I've been in the industry.</p> <h5>Q: Part of the problem we see in these new-to-OEM segments, such as the battery industry, is that the companies need to learn faster and iterate faster.</h5> <p>A: And I think to a certain extent, you know, we say, fail fast is kind of an industry trend word. But the reality is, when you're working in those smaller, cash constrained OEMs – a startup environment -- they are willing to take risk but fail early in the process so they can pivot to doing the next thing, and instead of it being a straight long shot to the outcome, they jig backwards and forwards, and they get to the answer much quicker. And we need that thinking in the traditional OEMs and the traditional tier ones to be able to deliver exceptional products.</p> <h5>Q: Is part of the OEM difficulty that development has traditionally been done in pieces and subsystems, rather than as a whole?</h5><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm'],slot_ad_unit:'mobilityengineeringtech.com_450x450',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/mobilityengineeringtech.com_450x450',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid'],div_id:'GAM_pos_21_modid_498',target_pos:'21',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_21_modid_498' class=""></div></div></div><p><strong>A:</strong> Conway's Law is a great one, if you know computer science from the1960s, [It states that your product or software will end have the structure of the organization producing it.] He was a networks engineer, so he kind of nailed it. If you don't have a systems level of thinking, then it's very hard to integrate. So what we're seeing from an industry standpoint is that the challenge is much bigger compute centers, so better silicon, higher powered compute, allowing you to consolidate much more of the in vehicle decision making at a higher level, and allowing those software stacks to be well integrated and to work very effectively with each other. The challenge of getting to that place is a shorter path for the startups, because in their mind, that's the logical outcome. The OEMs have a high dependency on the technical capability of those suppliers, and then they have the challenge of integrating that again. So, the speed is constrained by the thinking up front, the traditional trying to move from that place, and they've done it by hiring more and more capability in house.</p> <p>What has happened in the industry is they've hired many of those good software engineers from their tier ones and their teams have struggled. So, resetting some of that and making sure that we talk a lot in electronics about architecture, settling on an architecture that is going to be capable now and in the future and building your software around that, happens at startups much faster than for the traditional OEMs. And getting out of that is the challenge.</p> <h5>Q: What’s different about the way you approach software consulting?</h5> <p>A: The reason I joined Envorso after so many years of doing what I was doing, was we're in there with that OEM or with that tier one supplier. Getting our hands dirty and having those difficult discussions as a team is an essential part of driving towards a better outcome. I think where a lot of traditional consulting companies fall short is they'll give you a beautiful pattern book of “just follow this playbook, and you'll be fine in the report.” The reality is that every business has nuance. It has characters. It has aligned goals or misaligned goals. And I think being there at the table, working on it, with the customer, is essential, particularly in something this complicated, because you can get to have those difficult discussions then and get to a better outcome. And the nice part about doing this is you can celebrate the outcomes even if there were no sales in the room. Right? Because you actually can see the results.”</p> <hr> <div class="ntb_tagsbot"> <div class="taglist"> <strong class="sans-serif text-small">Topics:</strong><br> <a class="badge bg-secondary link-white fw-light sans-serif text-small fst-normal" href="/component/ntb_tags/topic/116/1450/adt,ae,tohe/*?start=0"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-bolt"></i> Architecture</a> <a class="badge bg-secondary link-white fw-light sans-serif text-small fst-normal" href="/component/ntb_tags/topic/116/1442/adt,ae,tohe/*?start=0"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-bolt"></i> Computer software and hardware</a> <a class="badge bg-secondary link-white fw-light sans-serif text-small fst-normal" href="/component/ntb_tags/topic/116/1447/adt,ae,tohe/*?start=0"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-bolt"></i> Electronic equipment</a> <a class="badge bg-primary link-white fw-light sans-serif text-small fst-normal" href="/component/ntb_tags/topic/software/electronics_computers/adt,ae,tohe/*?start=0"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-code"></i> Electronics & Computers</a> <a class="badge bg-primary link-white fw-light sans-serif text-small fst-normal" href="/component/ntb_tags/topic/manufacturing_prototyping/manufacturing_prototyping/adt,ae,tohe/*?start=0"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-industry-windows"></i> Manufacturing & Prototyping</a> <a class="badge bg-primary link-white fw-light sans-serif text-small fst-normal" href="/component/ntb_tags/topic/software/software/adt,ae,tohe/*?start=0"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-code"></i> Software</a></div></div> <div class="related-content"> <hr> <h4>More From SAE Media Group</h4> <div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-lg-2 g-1"> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Tech Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/33527-the-future-of-manufacturing-is-female?r=52042">The Future of Manufacturing is Female</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1545080530/sites/tb/features-16x9/33527/female_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Automotive Engineering</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/44537-sae-ma-03857?r=52042">Electrifying Opportunities at IAV</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1645928201/sites/ae/articles/2020/regulars/SAE-MA-03857-iav-electric-opps---ev-motor-test-lab_banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Automotive Engineering</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/44694-sae-ma-06623?r=52042">CES 2021: Bosch Consolidates Computing Talent in New Mobility Division</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1685586517/sites/ae/articles/2021/regulars/SAE-MA-06623-bosch-cdcc-announce_banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Automotive Engineering</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/50424-sae-ma-07360?r=52042">Volvo EX90 Uses AI, NVIDIA SoC to Make Automated Driving Safer</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1720129506/sites/ae/articles/2024/regulars/SAE-MA-07360-volvo-ex90-banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="row g-1 collapse more_related show"> <div class="col-12"> <span class="mx-auto d-block badge bg-primary text-uppercase sans-serif mt-2" style="width:200px" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target=".more_related" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls=="#more_related"> More <i class="fad fa-chevron-double-down"></i> </span></div></div> <div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-lg-2 g-1 more-related collapse more_related" id="more_related"> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Automotive Engineering</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/44778-sae-ma-06710?r=52042">ZF Builds Its Computational-Power Assets</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1685591028/sites/ae/articles/2021/regulars/SAE-MA-06710-zf-qna-proai-module_banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Automotive Engineering</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/50124-sae-ma-07308?r=52042">CES 2024: SDVs Redefine OEM and Supplier Relationships, Deliver New Features</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1718351357/sites/ae/articles/2024/features/SAE-MA-07308-sdv-at-ces.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Tech Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/34503-markforged-helps-factories-fix-themselves?r=52042">Markforged Helps Factories Fix Themselves</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1558646325/sites/tb/features-16x9/34503/markforged-mark-two_0_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Tech Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/40462-vote-for-tech-briefs-product-of-the-year-2021?r=52042">Vote for Tech Briefs Product of the Year 2021</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1638722415/sites/tb/features-16x9/40462/tb-1221-p47_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Automotive Engineering</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/44158-sae-ma-03475?r=52042">BlackBerry’s CTO Points to a Holistic and Standards-Based Future for Vehicle Cybersecurity</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1657762396/sites/ae/articles/2019/news/SAE-MA-03475-blackberry-cto-charles-egan-wcx-19_banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Automotive Engineering</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/44455-sae-ma-03775?r=52042">Ford Announces All-New SYNC 4 Connectivity Suite</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1647744387/sites/ae/articles/2019/news/SAE-MA-03775-ford-sync-4_banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Tech Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/5141-bringing-open-source-advantages-to-engineering?r=52042">Bringing Open Source Advantages to Engineering</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1535974642/sites/tb/articles/2009/features/0509NTBeyeon.png' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Automotive Engineering</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/43347-sae-ma-02651?r=52042">ADAS: Functional Safety and Freedom from Unacceptable Risk</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZlcnNpb249IjEuMSIgd2lkdGg9IjEwMjQiIGhlaWdodD0iNTczIj48cmVjdCB4PSIwIiB5PSIwIiB3aWR0aD0iMTAyNCIgaGVpZ2h0PSI1NzMiIGZpbGw9IiMwMDAwMDAiIC8+PGcgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJzY2FsZSg2LjgyKSB0cmFuc2xhdGUoMC41IDAuNSkiPjxlbGxpcHNlIGZpbGw9IiNmZmZmZmYiIGZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eT0iMC41MCIgY3g9IjcxIiBjeT0iNTQiIHJ4PSI5NiIgcnk9Ijk2IiAvPjxlbGxpcHNlIGZpbGw9IiNlNGI1ZWQiIGZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eT0iMC41MCIgY3g9IjExMiIgY3k9IjUzIiByeD0iMTQ5IiByeT0iMTQ5IiAvPjxnIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDcwLjk1IDQ0LjYyKSByb3RhdGUoMTg0LjA4KSBzY2FsZSgyOC43MSAxMS4wOCkiPjxlbGxpcHNlIGZpbGw9IiMyZDI4MjYiIGZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eT0iMC41MCIgY3g9IjAiIGN5PSIwIiByeD0iMSIgcnk9IjEiIC8+PC9nPjxlbGxpcHNlIGZpbGw9IiNlZmZmZjAiIGZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eT0iMC41MCIgY3g9IjgwIiBjeT0iNzkiIHJ4PSIxNDkiIHJ5PSI2IiAvPjxlbGxpcHNlIGZpbGw9IiNlZWZmZWYiIGZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eT0iMC41MCIgY3g9Ijk1IiBjeT0iNCIgcng9IjEyOCIgcnk9IjYiIC8+PC9nPjwvc3ZnPg==' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1661688154/sites/ae/articles/2017/news/SAE-MA-02651-15703_26732_act.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Automotive Engineering</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/47749-sae-ma-07099?r=52042">The Push for E-Powertrain Progress</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1703414665/sites/ae/articles/2023/features/SAE-MA-07099-ces-infinitum-aircore-ec-motor-comparison-banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Tech Briefs INSIDER</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/21381-software-algorithm-finds-risks?r=52042">Software Algorithm Finds Risks</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1511640902/sites/tb/articles/2015/insider/TB-Insider-2015-01-29-story-1.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Automotive Engineering</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/44921-sae-ma-02153?r=52042">Magna’s CTO Talks Innovation and Disruption</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1645002595/sites/ae/articles/2016/features/SAE-MA-02153-15136_25111_act.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Tech Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50173-solidworks-training-supported-self-paced-training?r=52042">SOLIDWORKS Training - Supported Self-Paced Training</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1708641942/sites/tb/features-16x9/50173/goengineer-supported-self-paced_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Automotive Engineering</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/48633-sae-ma-07200?r=52042">Advanced Electrical Architectures Demand New Developmental Strategies</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1690222319/sites/ae/articles/2023/news/SAE-MA-07200-new-electrical-architectures-continental_banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Automotive Engineering</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/43637-sae-ma-02948?r=52042">E-Axles Speed Electrification</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1645539201/sites/ae/articles/2018/features/SAE-MA-02948-dana-e-axle.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Automotive Engineering</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/46244-sae-ma-06962?r=52042">Cadillac Lyriq Spearheads GM’s EV Assault</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1694765799/sites/ae/features-16x9/46244/sae-ma-06962-cadillac-lyriq-f34_banner_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">NASA Spinoff</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/32679-vision-algorithms-catch-defects-in-screen-displays?r=52042">Vision Algorithms Catch Defects in Screen Displays</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1624957511/sites/tb/articles/spinoff/2013/ip_12.png' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">NASA Spinoff</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/10669-verification-tools-secure-online-shopping-banking?r=52042">Verification Tools Secure Online Shopping, Banking</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1544861860/sites/tb/articles/spinoff/2010/CT_61_opt.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">NASA Spinoff</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/6289-software-tools-streamline-project-management?r=52042">Software Tools Streamline Project Management</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1544859566/sites/tb/articles/spinoff/2009/spinoff_ct_3_1.png' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Autonomous Vehicle Engineering</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/44485-sae-ma-03805?r=52042">Aptiv Centralizing Computing Power to Speed Autonomous Vehicle Development</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1645851028/sites/ae/articles/sup/AVE/2019/features/SAE-MA-03805-aptive-devos_banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Off-Highway Engineering</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/46803-sae-ma-07006?r=52042">COMVEC 2022: Hiring Talent to Meet High-Tech Demands</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1696277079/sites/tohe/articles/2022/regulars/SAE-MA-07006-deere_see-and-spray-tech_banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Automotive Engineering</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/47963-sae-ma-07129?r=52042">Spelling Ford with an ‘E’</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZlcnNpb249IjEuMSIgd2lkdGg9IjEwMjQiIGhlaWdodD0iNTczIj48cmVjdCB4PSIwIiB5PSIwIiB3aWR0aD0iMTAyNCIgaGVpZ2h0PSI1NzMiIGZpbGw9IiMwMDAwMDAiIC8+PGcgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJzY2FsZSg2LjgyKSB0cmFuc2xhdGUoMC41IDAuNSkiPjxlbGxpcHNlIGZpbGw9IiNkZGRiYzgiIGZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eT0iMC41MCIgY3g9IjEwNSIgY3k9IjUxIiByeD0iMTEwIiByeT0iMTEwIiAvPjxnIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDEwMC4zMCAxNC4wOCkgcm90YXRlKDk3Ljk1KSBzY2FsZSgyOC41OSA1Mi4yOSkiPjxlbGxpcHNlIGZpbGw9IiNjNGM5YzQiIGZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eT0iMC41MCIgY3g9IjAiIGN5PSIwIiByeD0iMSIgcnk9IjEiIC8+PC9nPjxwb2x5Z29uIGZpbGw9IiMxOTBhMDIiIGZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eT0iMC41MCIgcG9pbnRzPSIxMzgsNjIgOTUsOTkgLTE2LDU4IiAvPjxnIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDI4IDApIHJvdGF0ZSgzNzApIHNjYWxlKDI4IDIxKSI+PHJlY3QgZmlsbD0iI2VjZmZmZiIgZmlsbC1vcGFjaXR5PSIwLjUwIiB4PSItMC41IiB5PSItMC41IiB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiAvPjwvZz48cG9seWdvbiBmaWxsPSIjZDhiNzAwIiBmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk9IjAuNTAiIHBvaW50cz0iMTY1LjAwLDQwLjM3LDE2NS4wMCw2Mi42NSwxMjQuMjMsOTkuMDAsMTE2LjU1LDc5LjUwIiAvPjwvZz48L3N2Zz4=' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1704946098/sites/ae/articles/2023/features/SAE-MA-07129-ford-e-f150-lightning-at-rouge-banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Tech Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/33533-what-is-pmi-data-and-why-is-it-important-in-part-design?r=52042">What is PMI Data, and Why is It Important in Part Design?</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1545083886/sites/tb/features-16x9/33533/pmi_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Automotive Engineering</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/50562-sae-ma-07372?r=52042">WCX 2024: Traditional OEMs Vs. Startups: Report to Cite Strengths, Weaknesses</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1721016431/sites/ae/articles/2024/regulars/SAE-MA-07372-wcx-sign-2024-banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Autonomous Vehicle Engineering</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/44837-sae-ma-06793?r=52042">GM Announces Door-To-Door Ultra Cruise ADAS</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1685628085/sites/ae/articles/sup/AVE/2021/features/SAE-MA-06793-gm-ultra-cruise-announce_banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">Tech Briefs</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/8786-28059-121?r=52042">Back to Edison, Back to Innovation</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1535974680/sites/tb/articles/2010/features/28059-121_fig1.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"> <div class="card text-dark border-primary border-top border-start-0 border-bottom-0 border-end-0 rounded-0 h-100"> <div class="row g-0 mt-2"> <div class="col-9 col-lg-8"> <div class="card-body p-1 pb-0"> <h6 class="tb-topic-overline text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size:0.7rem">NASA Spinoff</h6> <div class="w-100"></div> <a class="m-0 text-black related_item_link d-inline-block" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/10672-framework-resources-multiply-computing-power?r=52042">Framework Resources Multiply Computing Power</a></div></div> <div class="col-3 col-lg-4 position-relative"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <img src='data:image/svg+xml;base64,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' data-src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1544861900/sites/tb/articles/spinoff/2010/CT_10_opt.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Related Article Image' /></div></div></div></div></div></div> <ul></ul></div> <div class="jwDisqusForm"> <div id="disqus_thread"></div> <script> var disqus_developer = '0'; var disqus_config = function(){ // TBMG -- use NTB canonicalURL instead of itemURL this.page.url = 'https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/52042-sae-ma-07483'; // TBMG this.page.identifier = '0e9876ef7f_id52042'; // TBMG -- added article title as disqus_title this.page.title = "Q&A: Envorso Wants to Help OEMs Make Better Software In-House"; // TBMG this.language = ''; }; (function() { var d = document, s = d.createElement('script'); s.src = 'https://techbriefs.disqus.com/embed.js'; s.setAttribute('data-timestamp', +new Date()); (d.head || d.body).appendChild(s); })(); </script> <noscript> <a href="https://techbriefs.disqus.com/?url=ref_noscript">View the discussion thread.</a> </noscript> <div id="jwDisqusFormFooter"> <div class="clr"></div></div></div> <div class="clr"></div></div></div><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm'],slot_ad_unit:'mobilityengineeringtech.com_450x450',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/mobilityengineeringtech.com_450x450',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid'],div_id:'GAM_pos_22_modid_496',target_pos:'22',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_22_modid_496' class=""></div></div></div></article></div> <div class="col-md-12 col-lg-4 rightcol g-0"><div class="row mb-4"> <div class="col-md-12 rightcol-trending"> <h2 class="section-overline">Top Stories</h2><h4 class="text-white"><span>INSIDER</span><span>RF & Microwave Electronics</span></h4> <p> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1730406946/sites/adt/features-16x9/51968/20241104_aerospace_story1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /><a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51968-germanys-new-military-surveillance-jet-completes-first-flight" alt="Germany&#039;s New Military Surveillance Jet Completes First Flight"> Germany's New Military Surveillance Jet Completes First Flight</a></p> <h4 class="text-white"><span>INSIDER</span><span>Manufacturing & Prototyping</span></h4> <p> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1729883225/sites/adt/features-16x9/51887/20241028_aerospace_dm_story1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /><a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51887-army-seeks-to-expand-3d-printing-to-the-tactical-edge" alt="Army Seeks to Expand 3D Printing to the Tactical Edge"> Army Seeks to Expand 3D Printing to the Tactical Edge</a></p> <h4 class="text-white"><span>INSIDER</span><span>Weapons Systems</span></h4> <p> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1728592408/sites/adt/features-16x9/51823/20241011_defense_story1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /><a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51823-army-receives-new-robot-combat-vehicle-prototypes" alt="Army Receives New Robot Combat Vehicle Prototypes"> Army Receives New Robot Combat Vehicle Prototypes</a></p> <h4 class="text-white"><span>News</span><span>Energy</span></h4> <p> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1728258857/sites/tohe/articles/2024/news/SAE-MA-07464-ice_iveco-s-way-my24_banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /><a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51794-sae-ma-07464" alt="Improving the Ageless ICE"> Improving the Ageless ICE</a></p> <h4 class="text-white"><span>INSIDER</span><span>Defense</span></h4> <p> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1731530559/sites/adt/features-16x9/52053/20241114_defense_story1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /><a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52053-this-robot-dog-detects-nuclear-material-and-chemical-weapons" alt="This Robot Dog Detects Nuclear Material and Chemical Weapons"> This Robot Dog Detects Nuclear Material and Chemical Weapons</a></p> <h4 class="text-white"><span>INSIDER</span><span>Mechanical & Fluid Systems</span></h4> <p> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1728592662/sites/adt/features-16x9/51824/20241011_defense_story2_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /><a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51824-army-evaluates-3d-printing-for-bradley-fighting-vehicles-transmission-mount" alt="Army Evaluates 3D Printing for Bradley Fighting Vehicle&#039;s Transmission Mount"> Army Evaluates 3D Printing for Bradley Fighting Vehicle's Transmission Mount</a></p></div></div> <div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'mobilityengineeringtech.com_450x450',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/mobilityengineeringtech.com_450x450',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid'],div_id:'GAM_pos_21_modid_493',target_pos:'21',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_21_modid_493' class=""></div></div></div> <div class="row mb-4"> <div class="col-md-12 rightcol-trending"> <h2 class="section-overline">Webcasts</h2><div id="rightcol-webinars"> <h4 class="text-white">Defense</h4> <p> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1730191375/sites/adt/features-16x9/51900/shutterstock_194837228_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /><a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51900-best-practices-for-developing-safe-and-secure-modular-software" alt="Best Practices for Developing Safe and Secure Modular Software"> Best Practices for Developing Safe and Secure Modular Software</a></p> <h4 class="text-white">Power</h4> <p> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1731611719/sites/ae/features-16x9/52036/gamma-technologies-designing-an-hvac-modeling-workflow-2_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /><a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52036-designing-an-hvac-modeling-workflow-for-cabin-energy-management-and-xil-testing" alt="Designing an HVAC Modeling Workflow for Cabin Energy Management and XiL Testing"> Designing an HVAC Modeling Workflow for Cabin Energy Management...</a></p> <h4 class="text-white">Aerospace</h4> <p> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1731100645/sites/adt/features-16x9/51977/shutterstock_382266112_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /><a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51977-countering-the-evolving-challenge-of-integrating-uas-into-civilian-airspace" alt="Countering the Evolving Challenge of Integrating UAS Into Civilian Airspace"> Countering the Evolving Challenge of Integrating UAS Into...</a></p> <h4 class="text-white">Test & Measurement</h4> <p> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1729951721/sites/ae/features-16x9/51772/element-quick-guide-image_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /><a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51772-a-quick-guide-to-multi-axis-simulation-and-component-testing" alt="A Quick Guide to Multi-Axis Simulation and Component Testing"> A Quick Guide to Multi-Axis Simulation and Component Testing</a></p> <h4 class="text-white">RF & Microwave Electronics</h4> <p> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1731940134/sites/tb/features-16x9/52071/111824-tb-podcast-drones_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /><a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52071-the-unusual-machines-approach-to-low-cost-drones-and-drone-components" alt="The Unusual Machines Approach to Low-Cost Drones and Drone Components"> The Unusual Machines Approach to Low-Cost Drones and Drone Components</a></p> <h4 class="text-white">Test & Measurement</h4> <p> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1730298618/sites/ae/features-16x9/51839/40065_primary-feature-item.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /><a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51839-avoiding-risk-analysis-pitfalls-implementing-linked-dfmea-hara-and-fta" alt="Avoiding Risk Analysis Pitfalls: Implementing Linked DFMEA, HARA, and FTA"> Avoiding Risk Analysis Pitfalls: Implementing Linked DFMEA, HARA, and FTA</a></p></div></div></div> <div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'mobilityengineeringtech.com_450x450',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/mobilityengineeringtech.com_450x450',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid'],div_id:'GAM_pos_22_modid_495',target_pos:'22',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_22_modid_495' class=""></div></div></div> <div class="row mb-4"> <div class="col-md-12 rightcol-trending"> <h2 class="section-overline">Similar Stories</h2><h4 class="text-white"><span>Q&A</span><span>Software</span></h4> <p> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1644434986/sites/ae/articles/2020/regulars/SAE-MA-03857-iav-electric-opps---ev-motor-test-lab_banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /><a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/44537-sae-ma-03857" alt="Electrifying Opportunities at IAV"> Electrifying Opportunities at IAV</a></p> <h4 class="text-white"><span>Technology Report</span><span>Sensors/Data Acquisition</span></h4> <p> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1644436206/sites/ae/articles/2021/regulars/SAE-MA-06616-mercedes-hyperscreen_banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /><a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/44687-sae-ma-06616" alt="CES 2021: Mercedes-Benz Hyperscreen Brings Dash-Wide Displays to Production"> CES 2021: Mercedes-Benz Hyperscreen Brings Dash-Wide Displays to Production</a></p> <h4 class="text-white"><span>Technology Report</span><span>Unmanned Systems</span></h4> <p> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1711938887/sites/ae/articles/2024/regulars/SAE-MA-07360-volvo-ex90-banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /><a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/50424-sae-ma-07360" alt="Volvo EX90 Uses AI, NVIDIA SoC to Make Automated Driving Safer"> Volvo EX90 Uses AI, NVIDIA SoC to Make Automated Driving Safer</a></p> <h4 class="text-white"><span>Articles</span><span>Connectivity</span></h4> <p> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1698055296/sites/ae/articles/sup/AAVE/2023/features/SAE-MA-07256-data-security-gm-onstar-in-cabin_banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /><a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/49351-sae-ma-07256" alt="The Chaos of Automotive Data Privacy"> The Chaos of Automotive Data Privacy</a></p> <h4 class="text-white"><span>News</span><span>Electronics & Computers</span></h4> <p> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1644912843/sites/ae/articles/2021/news/SAE-MA-06811-toyota-connected-update---tundra-ip_banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /><a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/45165-sae-ma-06811" alt="Toyota Putting Software First in Global, Connected-Car Architecture"> Toyota Putting Software First in Global, Connected-Car Architecture</a></p> <h4 class="text-white"><span>Technology Report</span><span>Test & Measurement</span></h4> <p> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1713712197/sites/ae/articles/2024/regulars/SAE-MA-07372-wcx-sign-2024-banner.jpg' class=' lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /><a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/50562-sae-ma-07372" alt="WCX 2024: Traditional OEMs Vs. Startups: Report to Cite Strengths, Weaknesses"> WCX 2024: Traditional OEMs Vs. Startups: Report to Cite Strengths, Weaknesses</a></p></div></div></div></div></div> </main><footer class="container mt-5"><hr class="border-top border-primary"> <div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-sm-2 row-cols-lg-3 py-4 px-5"> <div class="col"><div class="menu-footer-bottom"> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/about">About</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/">Tech Briefs </a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/">Medical Design Briefs</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://status.saemediagroup.com/">Service Status</a></p></div><div id="cb-form" class="modal fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-sm mt-5" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLabel">Sign In</h5> <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span> </button></div> <div class="modal-body"> <form action="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/account/login" method="post" id="login-form" class="form-inline cbLoginForm" data-bs-target="#cb-form"> <input type="hidden" name="option" value="com_comprofiler"/> <input type="hidden" name="view" value="login"/> <input type="hidden" name="op2" value="login"/> <input type="hidden" name="return" value="B:aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubW9iaWxpdHllbmdpbmVlcmluZ3RlY2guY29tL2NvbXBvbmVudC9jb250ZW50L2FydGljbGUvNTIwNDItc2FlLW1hLTA3NDgzP209MjU2NA=="/> <input type="hidden" name="message" value="0"/> <input type="hidden" name="loginfrom" value="loginmodule"/> <input type="hidden" name="3a403435e015ab673cc9020df128c6e4" value="1" /> <div class="form-floating mb-3 w-100"> <input name="username" type="text" class="form-control col-8" id="inputUserName" placeholder="Username"> <label for="inputUserName">Username or Email</label></div> <div class="form-floating mb-3 w-100"> <input name="passwd" type="password" class="form-control col-8" id="inputPassword" placeholder="Password"> <label for="inputPassword">Password</label></div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary col-12 mb-3">Submit <i class="fas fa-sign-in ms-2"></i></button> <a href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/account/forgot-login" class="col-12"> <i class="fas fa-unlock-alt me-2"></i> Forgot Login? </a> <div class="posttext cb_template cb_template_default"> <p><i>By submitting your personal information, you agree that SAE Media Group and carefully selected industry sponsors of this content may contact you and that you have read and agree to the <a href="/privacy">Privacy Policy</a>. </i></p> <p><i>You may reach us at <a href="mailto:privacy@saemediagroup.com">privacy@saemediagroup.com</a>. </i></p> <p><i>You may unsubscribe at any time.</i></p></div></form></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="col"><div class="menu-footer-bottom"> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/met/subscription-services">Subscriber Services</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/tb/feedback">Feedback</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://www.techbriefsmediagroup.com/company-directory">Contact Us</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/met/sitemap">Site Map</a></p></div></div> <div class="col"><div class="menu-footer-bottom"> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://www.techbriefsmediagroup.com">Advertise</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/privacy">Privacy Policy</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/cookie-usage-statement">Cookie Usage</a></p></div><p class="menu-footer-followus my-2"> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=25d23930eb508eb8d390277b0641827b&service_nickname=linkedin_company&username=sae-media-group" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-linkedin"></i></a></p></div></div> <div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-sm-2 row-cols-lg-3 py-4 px-5"> <div class="copyright col-12"> <p class="font-italic small">&copy; 2024 SAE Media Group</p></div></div> </footer><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/cloudinary-core/2.13.1/cloudinary-core-shrinkwrap.min.js" tb-donotmove crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-stp48jOOmT4TXnB4bMJ0rlcR7XagE92cqr7pEb+oFQox6qNSyKiN31GajDsg5VVn+HgM5mhOZinSRXowsRmgPg=="></script><script src="https://kit.fontawesome.com/e04325f501.js" tb-donotmove async crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/masonry/4.2.2/masonry.pkgd.min.js" tb-donotmove async crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-JRlcvSZAXT8+5SQQAvklXGJuxXTouyq8oIMaYERZQasB8SBDHZaUbeASsJWpk0UUrf89DP3/aefPPrlMR1h1yQ=="></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lazysizes/5.3.2/lazysizes.min.js" tb-donotmove async crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-q583ppKrCRc7N5O0n2nzUiJ+suUv7Et1JGels4bXOaMFQcamPk9HjdUknZuuFjBNs7tsMuadge5k9RzdmO+1GQ=="></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.7.1/jquery.min.js" tb-donotmove crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-v2CJ7UaYy4JwqLDIrZUI/4hqeoQieOmAZNXBeQyjo21dadnwR+8ZaIJVT8EE2iyI61OV8e6M8PP2/4hpQINQ/g=="></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap/5.2.3/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" tb-donotmove crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-i9cEfJwUwViEPFKdC1enz4ZRGBj8YQo6QByFTF92YXHi7waCqyexvRD75S5NVTsSiTv7rKWqG9Y5eFxmRsOn0A=="></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-select/1.14.0-beta3/js/bootstrap-select.min.js" defer tb-donotmove crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-yrOmjPdp8qH8hgLfWpSFhC/+R9Cj9USL8uJxYIveJZGAiedxyIxwNw4RsLDlcjNlIRR4kkHaDHSmNHAkxFTmgg=="></script><script type="text/javascript" tb-donotmove> $(function () { var cl = cloudinary.Cloudinary.new({ cloud_name: "tbmg" }); cl.config({ defaultBreakpoints: [100,200,400,500,800,1000,1200], responsive_use_breakpoints: true, }); cl.responsive(); }); var match_md_max = window.matchMedia("(max-width: 991px)"); $(function () { var tooltipTriggerList = [].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('[data-bs-toggle="tooltip"]')) var tooltipList = tooltipTriggerList.map(function (tooltipTriggerEl) { return new bootstrap.Tooltip(tooltipTriggerEl) }) }); </script> <link rel="preload" href="https://cdn.shareaholic.net/assets/pub/shareaholic.js" as="script"/> <meta name="shareaholic:site_id" content="25d23930eb508eb8d390277b0641827b"/> <script data-cfasync="false" async src="https://cdn.shareaholic.net/assets/pub/shareaholic.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" tb-donotmove> $(function () { // olytics 3.0 window.olytics || (window.olytics = []), window.olytics.methods = ["fire", "confirm"], window.olytics.factory = function (i) { return function () { var t = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); return t.unshift(i), window.olytics.push(t), window.olytics } }; for (var i = 0; i < window.olytics.methods.length; i++) { var method = window.olytics.methods[i]; window.olytics[method] = window.olytics.factory(method) } olytics.load = function (i) { if (!document.getElementById("olyticsImport")) { window.a = window.olytics; var t = document.createElement("script"); t.async = !0, t.id = "olyticsImport", t.type = "text/javascript"; var o = ""; void 0 !== i && void 0 !== i.oid && (o = i.oid), t.setAttribute("data-oid", o), t.src = "https://olytics.omeda.com/olytics/js/v3/p/olytics.min.js", t.addEventListener("load", function (t) { for (olytics.initialize({Olytics: i}); window.a.length > 0;) { var o = window.a.shift(), s = o.shift(); olytics[s] && olytics[s].apply(olytics, o) } }, !1); var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t, s) } }, olytics.load({oid: "c1d61b8c10b7440fb3c59fe5b6424a6b"}); }); </script><noscript> <img height="1" width="1" style="display:none;" alt="" src="https://px.ads.linkedin.com/collect/?pid=3077140&fmt=gif" class="nolazyload"/> </noscript> <!-- moved to end by ntb_minifier --> <script src="https://static.mobilityengineeringtech.com/media/system/js/core.min.js?37ffe4186289eba9c5df81bea44080aff77b9684"></script> <script src="https://static.mobilityengineeringtech.com/media/vendor/jquery/js/jquery.min.js?3.7.1"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/templates/met_2022/css/template.min.css?t=1732180729" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-UtoJaAI/4JQBZM00iYjo3qQK6A+Ak0jFi1wyU8KpaMUjQeqnekY5yHFR3nMajeDbJPLgcQD0/N3vXpzqE5uLHQ=="/> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lazysizes/5.3.2/plugins/print/ls.print.min.js" defer crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-tY3D/iSWSdQE2NSLW/mRWQd/bvHAGjyCLRwSd23sqNbbgVnUaah2t+ZpX7hdBOskZ7PqYvwe4E+qxNARGojJGQ=="></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/limonte-sweetalert2/11.14.5/sweetalert2.all.min.js" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-m4zOGknNg3h+mK09EizkXi9Nf7B3zwsN9ow+YkYIPZoA6iX2vSzLezg4FnW0Q6Z1CPaJdwgUFQ3WSAUC4E/5Hg=="></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-select/1.14.0-beta3/css/bootstrap-select.min.css" media="print" onload="this.media='all'" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-g2SduJKxa4Lbn3GW+Q7rNz+pKP9AWMR++Ta8fgwsZRCUsawjPvF/BxSMkGS61VsR9yinGoEgrHPGPn2mrj8+4w=="/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://olytics.omeda.com/olytics/css/v3/p/olytics.css" media="print" onload="this.media='all'"/> <!-- inline scripts moved by ntb_minifier --> <script> var GAM_breakpoint=window.getComputedStyle(document.querySelector('body'),':before').getPropertyValue('content').replace(/"/g,'');window.googletag=window.googletag||{cmd:[]};googletag.cmd.push(function(){googletag.pubads().setTargeting('sitepage',['MET/Features/Regulars']).setTargeting('site',["MET"]).setTargeting('menu_route',["met\/features"]).setTargeting('menu_topics',[""]).setTargeting('menu_tags',[""]).setTargeting('article_category',["Regulars"]).setTargeting('article_topics',["Manufacturing & Prototyping','Software"]).setTargeting('article_navs',["Q&A"]);googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest();googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs();googletag.pubads().setCentering(true);googletag.pubads().setForceSafeFrame(false);googletag.enableServices();});$(function(){function ntb_google_ad_manager_build(item){item_div=$('#'+item.div_id);if(item.display_sizes.includes(GAM_breakpoint)){googletag.cmd.push(function(){var item=this;var item_div=$('#'+item.div_id);size_mapping=[];if(item.size_mapping.length){size_mapping=googletag.sizeMapping();item.size_mapping.forEach(function(size_map){size_mapping.addSize(size_map.view,size_map.map);});size_mapping.build();} var targetSlot=googletag.defineSlot(item.slot,item.slot_ad_sizes,item.div_id).setTargeting('pos',[item.target_pos]).defineSizeMapping(size_mapping);if(item.slot_ad_empty==='default'){targetSlot=targetSlot.setCollapseEmptyDiv(true);} if(item.slot_ad_empty==='collapse'){targetSlot=targetSlot.setCollapseEmptyDiv(true,true);} if(item.slot_ad_empty==='expand'){targetSlot=targetSlot.setCollapseEmptyDiv(false);} targetSlot.addService(googletag.pubads());googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded',function(event){if(event.slot===targetSlot&&event.isEmpty){item_div.parents('.ad-position').addClass('d-none');googletag.destroySlots(event.slot);}});googletag.enableServices();}.bind(item));} else{item_div.parents('.ad-position').addClass('d-none');}} function ntb_google_ad_manager_display(item){if(item.display_all||item.display_sizes.includes(GAM_breakpoint)){googletag.cmd.push(function(){item=this;googletag.display(item.div_id);}.bind(item));}} for(let i=0;i<ntb_google_ad_manager_items.length;i++){ntb_google_ad_manager_build(ntb_google_ad_manager_items[i]);} for(let i=0;i<ntb_google_ad_manager_items.length;i++){ntb_google_ad_manager_display(ntb_google_ad_manager_items[i]);}}); /*! inlined from /media/system/js/keepalive-es5.min.js by ntb_minifier */ (function(){'use strict';if(!window.Joomla){throw new Error('Joomla API was not properly initialised');} var keepAliveOptions=Joomla.getOptions('system.keepalive');var keepAliveInterval=keepAliveOptions&&keepAliveOptions.interval?parseInt(keepAliveOptions.interval,10):45*1000;var keepAliveUri=keepAliveOptions&&keepAliveOptions.uri?keepAliveOptions.uri.replace(/&amp;/g,'&'):'';if(keepAliveUri===''){var systemPaths=Joomla.getOptions('system.paths');keepAliveUri=(systemPaths?systemPaths.root+"/index.php":window.location.pathname)+"?option=com_ajax&format=json";} setInterval(function(){return fetch(keepAliveUri,{method:'POST'});},keepAliveInterval);})(); /*! inlined from /media/legacy/js/$-noconflict.min.js by ntb_minifier */ var $=$.noConflict(); /*! inlined from /media/plg_content_ntb_tagsbot/js/tagsbot.min.js by ntb_minifier */ $(document).ready(function(){var currentTagLinkID=0;$('#ntb_cluster_'+$("#ntb_cluster").children(":selected").attr("value")).show('fast');$("#ntb_cluster").change(function(){$('.ntb_cluster_div').hide('fast');$('#ntb_cluster_'+this.value).show('fast');});$(".currentTagLinks").mouseenter(function(){if(currentTagLinkID!=this.id){currentTagLinkID=this.id;$('.ntb_cluster_div').hide('fast');$('#'+currentTagLinkID.replace('_link','')).show('fast');}});});$(function(){olytics.fire({behaviorId:'4781B0235467A1D',category:"q-a",tag:"Manufacturing & Prototyping,Software,Electronics & Computers",pageType:"content",contentType:"article"})});!function(s,a,e,v,n,t,z){if(s.saq)return;n=s.saq=function(){n.callMethod?n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};if(!s._saq)s._saq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='1.0';n.queue=[];t=a.createElement(e);t.async=!0;t.src=v;z=a.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];z.parentNode.insertBefore(t,z)}(window,document,'script','https://tags.srv.stackadapt.com/events.js');saq('ts','3GYZ_Va41jnx_uqfPcLCuQ');$(function(){$('#cb-form').on('shown.bs.modal',function(){$('#inputUserName').focus();})}); /*! inlined from /templates/met_2022/js/custom.min.js by ntb_minifier */ var _extraWatchParams=_extraWatchParams||[];_extraWatchParams.projectId='20fce0b3-1572-4e54-beee-ab2aa9ae327b';(function(){var ew=document.createElement('script');ew.type='text/javascript';ew.async=true;ew.src='https://agent.extrawatch.com/agent/js/ew.js';var s=document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(ew,s);})();_linkedin_partner_id="3077140";window._linkedin_data_partner_ids=window._linkedin_data_partner_ids||[];window._linkedin_data_partner_ids.push(_linkedin_partner_id);(function(l){if(!l){window.lintrk=function(a,b){window.lintrk.q.push([a,b])};window.lintrk.q=[]} var s=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];var b=document.createElement("script");b.type="text/javascript";b.async=true;b.src="https://snap.licdn.com/li.lms-analytics/insight.min.js";s.parentNode.insertBefore(b,s);})(window.lintrk); </script> <script id="dsq-count-scr" src="//techbriefs.disqus.com/count.js" async></script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10