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class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Alfred Norton Goldsmith</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Alfred_Norton_Goldsmith_%26_Guglielmo_Marconi_1922.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Alfred_Norton_Goldsmith_%26_Guglielmo_Marconi_1922.jpg/220px-Alfred_Norton_Goldsmith_%26_Guglielmo_Marconi_1922.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Alfred_Norton_Goldsmith_%26_Guglielmo_Marconi_1922.jpg/330px-Alfred_Norton_Goldsmith_%26_Guglielmo_Marconi_1922.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Alfred_Norton_Goldsmith_%26_Guglielmo_Marconi_1922.jpg/440px-Alfred_Norton_Goldsmith_%26_Guglielmo_Marconi_1922.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1496" data-file-height="1192" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Goldsmith (left) with <a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Guglielmo Marconi</a> in 1922</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1888-09-15</span>)</span>September 15, 1888<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/New_York,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="New York, New York">New York, New York</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">July 2, 1974<span style="display:none">(1974-07-02)</span> (aged 85)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/City_College_of_New_York" title="City College of New York">College of the City of New York</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/IEEE_Medal_of_Honor" title="IEEE Medal of Honor">IEEE Medal of Honor</a> (1941)<br /><a href="/wiki/IEEE_Founders_Medal" title="IEEE Founders Medal">IEEE Founders Medal</a> (1954)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Electrical_engineering" title="Electrical engineering">Electrical engineering</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Alfred Norton Goldsmith</b> (September 15, 1888 – July 2, 1974) was a noted American <a href="/wiki/Electrical_engineer" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical engineer">electrical engineer</a>. </p><p>Goldsmith was born in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, received his B.S. in 1907 from the <a href="/wiki/City_College_of_New_York" title="City College of New York">College of the City of New York</a> and in 1911 his Ph.D. from <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> where he studied under <a href="/wiki/Michael_I._Pupin" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael I. Pupin">Michael I. Pupin</a>. He taught at City College from 1906 to 1923. In 1912 Goldsmith co-founded the <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Radio_Engineers" title="Institute of Radio Engineers">Institute of Radio Engineers</a> (IRE) and was the first editor of its <a href="/wiki/Proceedings_of_the_IRE" class="mw-redirect" title="Proceedings of the IRE">proceedings</a>, serving for 42 years. In 1914 he consulted as a radio engineer for the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Atlantic_Communication_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atlantic Communication Company (page does not exist)">Atlantic Communication Company</a>, and for the <a href="/wiki/General_Electric_Company" title="General Electric Company">General Electric Company</a> from 1915 to 1917. During <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> he was Technical Director of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Signal_Corps" title="United States Army Signal Corps">United States Army Signal Corps</a> School of Communication and the U. S. Naval Radio School at City College. </p><p>After the war, Goldsmith became director of research for the <a href="/wiki/Marconi_Wireless_Telegraph_Company_of_America" title="Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company of America">Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company of America</a> and in 1919 <a href="/wiki/RCA" title="RCA">RCA</a>'s director of research. In 1923 he was named RCA's Chief Broadcast Engineer and in 1927 Chairman of the Board of Consulting Engineers of the <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">National Broadcasting Company</a>. He remained with RCA as vice president and general manager until 1931, and was awarded RCA's first production <a href="/wiki/Television" title="Television">television</a> tube with an inscription reading "RCA Laboratory’s Award for Outstanding Work in Research presented to Alfred Norton Goldsmith for his early recognition of the importance of a tri-color <a href="/wiki/Kinescope" title="Kinescope">kinescope</a> and for his concept of means for accomplishing it." </p><p>Goldsmith was made an <a href="/wiki/IEEE_Fellow" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE Fellow">IRE Fellow</a> in 1915, its president in 1928, and served on its board of directors for 51 years. In 1941 he was awarded the <a href="/wiki/IEEE_Medal_of_Honor" title="IEEE Medal of Honor">IRE Medal of Honor</a> "for his contributions to radio research, engineering, and commercial development, his leadership in standardization, and his unceasing devotion to the establishment and upbuilding of the Institute and its proceedings", the <a href="/wiki/IEEE_Founders_Medal" title="IEEE Founders Medal">IEEE Founders Medal</a> in 1954,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the first <a href="/wiki/IEEE_Haraden_Pratt_Award" title="IEEE Haraden Pratt Award">IEEE Haraden Pratt Award</a> in 1972, to honor "outstanding service to the IEEE."<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Goldsmith was also a Fellow of the <a href="/wiki/Acoustical_Society_of_America" title="Acoustical Society of America">Acoustical Society of America</a>, the <a href="/wiki/American_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science" title="American Association for the Advancement of Science">American Association for the Advancement of Science</a>, the <a href="/wiki/American_Rocket_Society" title="American Rocket Society">American Rocket Society</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Institution_of_Radio_Engineers,_Australia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institution of Radio Engineers, Australia (page does not exist)">Institution of Radio Engineers, Australia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/International_College_of_Surgeons" title="International College of Surgeons">International College of Surgeons</a>, the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Academy_of_Sciences" title="New York Academy of Sciences">New York Academy of Sciences</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Optical_Society_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Optical Society of America">Optical Society of America</a>, and was a Benjamin Franklin Fellow of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society_of_Arts" title="Royal Society of Arts">Royal Society of Arts</a> (London). He was also a senior member in the <a href="/wiki/American_Astronomical_Society" title="American Astronomical Society">American Astronomical Society</a>, as well as a member of the <a href="/wiki/American_Physical_Society" title="American Physical Society">American Physical Society</a>, and an honorary member of the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Motion_Picture_and_Television_Engineers" title="Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers">Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers</a>. </p><p>Since 1975 the Alfred N. Goldsmith Award for Distinguished Contributions to Engineering Communication Award has been given by <a href="/wiki/IEEE_Professional_Communication_Society" title="IEEE Professional Communication Society">IEEE Professional Communication Society</a> in his honor. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Norton_Goldsmith&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120121102039/http://www.ieee.org/documents/founders_rl.pdf">"IEEE Founders Medal Recipients"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. IEEE. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ieee.org/documents/founders_rl.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2012-01-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 19,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IEEE+Founders+Medal+Recipients&rft.pub=IEEE&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ieee.org%2Fdocuments%2Ffounders_rl.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Norton+Goldsmith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120918015244/http://www.ieee.org/documents/pratt_rl.pdf">"IEEE Haraden Pratt Award Recipients"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. IEEE. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ieee.org/documents/pratt_rl.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2012-09-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 19,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IEEE+Haraden+Pratt+Award+Recipients&rft.pub=IEEE&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ieee.org%2Fdocuments%2Fpratt_rl.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Norton+Goldsmith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ieeeghn.org/wiki/index.php/Alfred_N._Goldsmith">IEEE History Center biography</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ethw.org/Oral-History:Alfred_N._Goldsmith">Interview by E. K. Van Tassel</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=1669975">Alfred N. Goldsmith, 1928</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ewh.ieee.org/soc/pcs/?q=node/55#goldsmith">IEEE Professional Communication Society</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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id="IEEE_Medal_of_Honor" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/IEEE_Medal_of_Honor" title="IEEE Medal of Honor">IEEE Medal of Honor</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1917–1925</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_H._Armstrong" class="mw-redirect" title="Edwin H. Armstrong">Edwin H. Armstrong</a> (1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Alexanderson" title="Ernst Alexanderson">Ernst Alexanderson</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Guglielmo Marconi</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Aubrey_Fessenden" class="mw-redirect" title="Reginald Aubrey Fessenden">Reginald A. Fessenden</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_De_Forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee De Forest">Lee De Forest</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stone_Stone" title="John Stone Stone">John Stone Stone</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_I._Pupin" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael I. Pupin">Michael I. Pupin</a> (1924)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1926–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greenleaf_Whittier_Pickard" title="Greenleaf Whittier Pickard">Greenleaf W. Pickard</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_W._Austin" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis W. Austin">Louis W. Austin</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Zenneck" title="Jonathan Zenneck">Jonathan Zenneck</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Pierce" class="mw-redirect" title="George W. Pierce">George W. Pierce</a> (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peder_Oluf_Pedersen" title="Peder Oluf Pedersen">Peder Oluf Pedersen</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustave_A._Ferrie" class="mw-redirect" title="Gustave A. Ferrie">Gustave A. Ferrie</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Edwin_Kennelly" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Edwin Kennelly">Arthur Edwin Kennelly</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ambrose_Fleming" title="John Ambrose Fleming">John Ambrose Fleming</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanford_C._Hooper" class="mw-redirect" title="Stanford C. Hooper">Stanford C. Hooper</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balthasar_van_der_Pol" title="Balthasar van der Pol">Balthasar van der Pol</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Ashley_Campbell" title="George Ashley Campbell">George Ashley Campbell</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melville_Eastham" title="Melville Eastham">Melville Eastham</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Dellinger" class="mw-redirect" title="John H. Dellinger">John H. Dellinger</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_G._Lee" title="Albert G. Lee">Albert G. Lee</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Espenschied" title="Lloyd Espenschied">Lloyd Espenschied</a> (1940)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alfred N. Goldsmith</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_H._Taylor" title="Albert H. Taylor">Albert H. Taylor</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wilson_(physicist)" title="William Wilson (physicist)">William Wilson</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haraden_Pratt" title="Haraden Pratt">Haraden Pratt</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_H._Beverage" class="mw-redirect" title="Harold H. Beverage">Harold H. Beverage</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hartley" title="Ralph Hartley">Ralph Hartley</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_C._F._Horle" title="Lawrence C. F. Horle">Lawrence C. F. Horle</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Bown" title="Ralph Bown">Ralph Bown</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Terman" title="Frederick Terman">Frederick Terman</a> (1950)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zworykin" class="mw-redirect" title="Vladimir Zworykin">Vladimir Zworykin</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Ransom_Gail_Baker" title="Walter Ransom Gail Baker">Walter Ransom Gail Baker</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Milton_Miller" title="John Milton Miller">John Milton Miller</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Littell_Everitt" title="William Littell Everitt">William Littell Everitt</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_T._Friis" title="Harald T. Friis">Harald T. Friis</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_V._L._Hogan" class="mw-redirect" title="John V. L. Hogan">John V. L. Hogan</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Adams_Stratton" title="Julius Adams Stratton">Julius Adams Stratton</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Hull" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Hull">Albert Hull</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emory_Leon_Chaffee" title="Emory Leon Chaffee">Emory Leon Chaffee</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Nyquist" title="Harry Nyquist">Harry Nyquist</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Guillemin" title="Ernst Guillemin">Ernst Guillemin</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Victor_Appleton" title="Edward Victor Appleton">Edward Victor Appleton</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_C._Southworth" class="mw-redirect" title="George C. Southworth">George C. Southworth</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Hays_Hammond_Jr." title="John Hays Hammond Jr.">John Hays Hammond Jr.</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_A._Wheeler" class="mw-redirect" title="Harold A. Wheeler">Harold A. Wheeler</a> (1964)</li> <li><i>No award</i> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Elwood_Shannon" class="mw-redirect" title="Claude Elwood Shannon">Claude Elwood Shannon</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Townes" title="Charles H. Townes">Charles H. Townes</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_K._Teal" class="mw-redirect" title="Gordon K. Teal">Gordon K. Teal</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Ginzton" title="Edward Ginzton">Edward Ginzton</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Gabor" title="Dennis Gabor">Dennis Gabor</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">John Bardeen</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_W._Forester" class="mw-redirect" title="Jay W. Forester">Jay W. Forester</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Kompfner" title="Rudolf Kompfner">Rudolf Kompfner</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Kalman" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudolf Kalman">Rudolf Kalman</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Robinson_Pierce" class="mw-redirect" title="John Robinson Pierce">John Robinson Pierce</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>No award</i> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._Earle_Vaughan" class="mw-redirect" title="H. Earle Vaughan">H. Earle Vaughan</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Noyce" title="Robert Noyce">Robert Noyce</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bellman" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Bellman">Richard Bellman</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Shockley" title="William Shockley">William Shockley</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Darlington" title="Sidney Darlington">Sidney Darlington</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tukey" title="John Tukey">John Tukey</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolaas_Bloembergen" title="Nicolaas Bloembergen">Nicolaas Bloembergen</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_F._Ramsey" class="mw-redirect" title="Norman F. Ramsey">Norman F. Ramsey</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Roy_Whinnery" title="John Roy Whinnery">John Roy Whinnery</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Kilby" title="Jack Kilby">Jack Kilby</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Lauterbur" title="Paul Lauterbur">Paul Lauterbur</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Quate" title="Calvin Quate">Calvin Quate</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Kumar_Patel" class="mw-redirect" title="C. Kumar Patel">C. Kumar Patel</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_G._Gallager" title="Robert G. Gallager">Robert G. Gallager</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Esaki" title="Leo Esaki">Leo Esaki</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_E._Joel,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Amos E. Joel, Jr.">Amos E. Joel, Jr.</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Johan_%C3%85str%C3%B6m" title="Karl Johan Åström">Karl Johan Åström</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Y._Cho" title="Alfred Y. Cho">Alfred Y. Cho</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotfi_A._Zadeh" title="Lotfi A. Zadeh">Lotfi A. Zadeh</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Metcalfe" title="Robert Metcalfe">Robert Metcalfe</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Heilmeier" title="George H. Heilmeier">George H. Heilmeier</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Pederson" title="Donald Pederson">Donald Pederson</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Concordia" title="Charles Concordia">Charles Concordia</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Grove" title="Andrew Grove">Andrew Grove</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herwig_Kogelnik" title="Herwig Kogelnik">Herwig Kogelnik</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Kroemer" title="Herbert Kroemer">Herbert Kroemer</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Holonyak" title="Nick Holonyak">Nick Holonyak</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tadahiro_Sekimoto" title="Tadahiro Sekimoto">Tadahiro Sekimoto</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Flanagan_(engineer)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Flanagan (engineer)"> James Flanagan</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_D._Meindl" title="James D. Meindl">James D. Meindl</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Kailath" title="Thomas Kailath">Thomas Kailath</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Moore" title="Gordon Moore">Gordon Moore</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Dennard" title="Robert H. Dennard">Robert H. Dennard</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Viterbi" title="Andrew Viterbi">Andrew Viterbi</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morris_Chang" title="Morris Chang">Morris Chang</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_L._Hennessy" title="John L. Hennessy">John L. Hennessy</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irwin_M._Jacobs" title="Irwin M. Jacobs">Irwin M. Jacobs</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Jayant_Baliga" title="B. Jayant Baliga">B. Jayant Baliga</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildred_Dresselhaus" title="Mildred Dresselhaus">Mildred Dresselhaus</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._David_Forney,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="G. David Forney, Jr.">G. David Forney, Jr.</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kees_Schouhamer_Immink" title="Kees Schouhamer Immink">Kornelis (Kees) A. Schouhamer Immink</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradford_W._Parkinson" class="mw-redirect" title="Bradford W. Parkinson">Bradford W. Parkinson</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Petersen_(inventor)" title="Kurt Petersen (inventor)">Kurt E. Petersen</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenming_Hu" title="Chenming Hu">Chenming Hu</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Ziv" title="Jacob Ziv">Jacob Ziv</a> (2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="IEEE_Founders_Medal" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:IEEE_Founders_Medal" title="Template:IEEE Founders Medal"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:IEEE_Founders_Medal" title="Template talk:IEEE Founders Medal"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:IEEE_Founders_Medal" title="Special:EditPage/Template:IEEE Founders Medal"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="IEEE_Founders_Medal" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/IEEE" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE">IEEE</a> <a href="/wiki/IEEE_Founders_Medal" title="IEEE Founders Medal">Founders Medal</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1953–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Sarnoff" title="David Sarnoff">David Sarnoff</a> (1953)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alfred Norton Goldsmith</a> (1954)</li> <li><i>No award</i> (1955)</li> <li><i>No award</i> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_A._Heising" title="Raymond A. Heising">Raymond A. Heising</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Ransom_Gail_Baker" title="Walter Ransom Gail Baker">Walter Ransom Gail Baker</a> (1958)</li> <li><i>No award</i> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haraden_Pratt" title="Haraden Pratt">Haraden Pratt</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Bown" title="Ralph Bown">Ralph Bown</a> (1961)</li> <li><i>No award</i> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Terman" title="Frederick Terman">Frederick Terman</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_McNaughton" title="Andrew McNaughton">Andrew McNaughton</a> (1964)</li> <li><i>No award</i> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_William_Engstrom" title="Elmer William Engstrom">Elmer William Engstrom</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Fletcher" title="Harvey Fletcher">Harvey Fletcher</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_E._Haggerty" title="Patrick E. Haggerty">Patrick E. Haggerty</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._Finley_Carter" title="E. Finley Carter">E. Finley Carter</a> (1969)</li> <li>Morris D. Hooven (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Weber_(engineer)" title="Ernst Weber (engineer)">Ernst Weber</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masaru_Ibuka" title="Masaru Ibuka">Masaru Ibuka</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Hewlett" title="Bill Hewlett">Bill Hewlett</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Packard" title="David Packard">David Packard</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_A._Hyland" title="Lawrence A. Hyland">Lawrence A. Hyland</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Grist_Brainerd" title="John Grist Brainerd">John G. Brainerd</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Edward W. Herold (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Wiesner" title="Jerome Wiesner">Jerome Wiesner</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_G._Fink" title="Donald G. Fink">Donald G. Fink</a> (1978)</li> <li>Hanzo Omi (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Ramo" title="Simon Ramo">Simon Ramo</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Hillier" title="James Hillier">James Hillier</a> (1981)</li> <li>Shigeru Yonezawa (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_M._Pettit" title="Joseph M. Pettit">Joseph M. Pettit</a> (1983)</li> <li>Koji Kobayashi (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Norris_(CEO)" title="William Norris (CEO)">William Norris</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Heilmeier" title="George H. Heilmeier">George H. Heilmeier</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Owens" title="James B. Owens">James B. Owens</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Munro_Ross" title="Ian Munro Ross">Ian Munro Ross</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_A._Getting" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan A. Getting">Ivan A. Getting</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Bloch" title="Erich Bloch">Erich Bloch</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irwin_Dorros" title="Irwin Dorros">Irwin Dorros</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_W._Schmitt" title="Roland W. Schmitt">Roland W. Schmitt</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Olsen" title="Ken Olsen">Ken Olsen</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita">Akio Morita</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_R._Currie" title="Malcolm R. Currie">Malcolm R. Currie</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_R._Augustine" title="Norman R. Augustine">Norman R. Augustine</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Moore" title="Gordon Moore">Gordon Moore</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_W._Rudge" class="mw-redirect" title="Alan W. Rudge">Alan W. Rudge</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_M._Rosen" title="Benjamin M. Rosen">Benjamin M. Rosen</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Galvin" title="Bob Galvin">Bob Galvin</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Frosch" title="Robert A. Frosch">Robert A. Frosch</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Eugene_Everhart" title="Thomas Eugene Everhart">Thomas Eugene Everhart</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Stata" title="Ray Stata">Ray Stata</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildred_Dresselhaus" title="Mildred Dresselhaus">Mildred Dresselhaus</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Wong" title="Eugene Wong">Eugene Wong</a> (2005)</li> <li>Toshiharu Aoki (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anita_K._Jones" title="Anita K. Jones">Anita K. Jones</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Sample" title="Steven Sample">Steven Sample</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Barrett_(chief_executive)" title="Craig Barrett (chief executive)">Craig Barrett</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_E._Gray" title="Paul E. Gray">Paul E. Gray</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_F._Gibbons" title="James F. Gibbons">James F. Gibbons</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._C._Kohli" title="F. C. Kohli">F. C. Kohli</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Beranek" title="Leo Beranek">Leo Beranek</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Schmidt" title="Eric Schmidt">Eric Schmidt</a> (2014)</li> <li>James Plummer (2015)</li> <li><i>No award</i> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takeo_Kanade" title="Takeo Kanade">Takeo Kanade</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._R._Narayana_Murthy" title="N. R. Narayana Murthy">N. R. Narayana Murthy</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Saxby" title="Robin Saxby">Robin Saxby</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jen-Hsun_Huang" class="mw-redirect" title="Jen-Hsun Huang">Jen-Hsun Huang</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Samueli" title="Henry Samueli">Henry Samueli</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Brooks_Slaughter" title="John Brooks Slaughter">John Brooks Slaughter</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodney_Brooks" title="Rodney Brooks">Rodney Brooks</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsu-Jae_King_Liu" title="Tsu-Jae King Liu">Tsu-Jae King Liu</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Telecommunications" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Telecommunications" title="Template:Telecommunications"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Telecommunications" title="Template talk:Telecommunications"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Telecommunications" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Telecommunications"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Telecommunications" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications" title="Telecommunications">Telecommunications</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_telecommunication" title="History of telecommunication">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beacon#For_defensive_communications" title="Beacon">Beacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_broadcasting" title="History of broadcasting">Broadcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_protection_system" title="Cable protection system">Cable protection system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_television" title="Cable television">Cable TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite#History" title="Communications satellite">Communications satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_network#History" title="Computer network">Computer network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_compression" title="Data compression">Data compression</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audio_coding_format" title="Audio coding format">audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discrete_cosine_transform" title="Discrete cosine transform">DCT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Image_compression" title="Image compression">image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_coding_format" title="Video coding format">video</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_media" title="Digital media">Digital media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_video" title="Internet video">Internet video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_video_platform" title="Online video platform">online video platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_media" title="Social media">social media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streaming_media" title="Streaming media">streaming</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drums_in_communication" title="Drums in communication">Drums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edholm%27s_law" title="Edholm's law">Edholm's law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electrical_telegraph#History" title="Electrical telegraph">Electrical telegraph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fax#History" title="Fax">Fax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heliograph#History" title="Heliograph">Heliographs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_telegraph#Greek_hydraulic_semaphore_system" title="Hydraulic telegraph">Hydraulic telegraph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_Age" title="Information Age">Information Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Information revolution">Information revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Internet" title="History of the Internet">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media#History" title="Mass media">Mass media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_mobile_phones" title="History of mobile phones">Mobile phone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">Smartphone</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_communication" title="Optical communication">Optical telecommunication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_telegraph" title="Optical telegraph">Optical telegraphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pager" title="Pager">Pager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photophone" title="Photophone">Photophone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_prepaid_mobile_phones" title="History of prepaid mobile phones">Prepaid mobile phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_radio" title="History of radio">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiotelephone" title="Radiotelephone">Radiotelephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite" title="Communications satellite">Satellite communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semaphore" title="Semaphore">Semaphore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phryctoria" title="Phryctoria">Phryctoria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiconductor" title="Semiconductor">Semiconductor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Semiconductor_device" title="Semiconductor device">device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MOSFET" title="MOSFET">MOSFET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_transistor" title="History of the transistor">transistor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoke_signal" title="Smoke signal">Smoke signals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_telecommunication" title="History of telecommunication">Telecommunications history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telautograph" title="Telautograph">Telautograph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telegraphy" title="Telegraphy">Telegraphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teleprinter" title="Teleprinter">Teleprinter</a> (teletype)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_telephone" title="History of the telephone">Telephone</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Telephone_Cases" title="The Telephone Cases">The Telephone Cases</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_television" title="History of television">Television</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_television" title="Digital television">digital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streaming_television" title="Streaming television">streaming</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_communications_cable#Early_history:_telegraph_and_coaxial_cables" title="Submarine communications cable">Undersea telegraph line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_videotelephony" title="History of videotelephony">Videotelephony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whistled_language" title="Whistled language">Whistled language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireless_revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Wireless revolution">Wireless revolution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pioneers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasir_Ahmed_(engineer)" title="Nasir Ahmed (engineer)">Nasir Ahmed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Howard_Armstrong" title="Edwin Howard Armstrong">Edwin Howard Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_M._Atalla" title="Mohamed M. Atalla">Mohamed M. Atalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Logie_Baird" title="John Logie Baird">John Logie Baird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Baran" title="Paul Baran">Paul Baran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">John Bardeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Graham_Bell" title="Alexander Graham Bell">Alexander Graham Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emile_Berliner" title="Emile Berliner">Emile Berliner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee" title="Tim Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Blake_(inventor)" title="Francis Blake (inventor)">Francis Blake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagadish_Chandra_Bose" title="Jagadish Chandra Bose">Jagadish Chandra Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bourseul" title="Charles Bourseul">Charles Bourseul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Houser_Brattain" title="Walter Houser Brattain">Walter Houser Brattain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vint_Cerf" title="Vint Cerf">Vint Cerf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Chappe" title="Claude Chappe">Claude Chappe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogen_Dalal" class="mw-redirect" title="Yogen Dalal">Yogen Dalal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Davis_Jr." title="Daniel Davis Jr.">Daniel Davis Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Davies" title="Donald Davies">Donald Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_Dolbear" title="Amos Dolbear">Amos Dolbear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Edison" title="Thomas Edison">Thomas Edison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_de_Forest" title="Lee de Forest">Lee de Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philo_Farnsworth" title="Philo Farnsworth">Philo Farnsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Fessenden" title="Reginald Fessenden">Reginald Fessenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisha_Gray" title="Elisha Gray">Elisha Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Heaviside" title="Oliver Heaviside">Oliver Heaviside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hooke" title="Robert Hooke">Robert Hooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erna_Schneider_Hoover" title="Erna Schneider Hoover">Erna Schneider Hoover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Hopkins_(physicist)" title="Harold Hopkins (physicist)">Harold Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardiner_Greene_Hubbard" title="Gardiner Greene Hubbard">Gardiner Greene Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Internet_pioneers" title="List of Internet pioneers">Internet pioneers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Kahn" class="mw-redirect" title="Bob Kahn">Bob Kahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawon_Kahng" title="Dawon Kahng">Dawon Kahng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_K._Kao" title="Charles K. Kao">Charles K. Kao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narinder_Singh_Kapany" title="Narinder Singh Kapany">Narinder Singh Kapany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedy_Lamarr" title="Hedy Lamarr">Hedy Lamarr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Landell_de_Moura" title="Roberto Landell de Moura">Roberto Landell de Moura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innocenzo_Manzetti" title="Innocenzo Manzetti">Innocenzo Manzetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Guglielmo Marconi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Metcalfe" title="Robert Metcalfe">Robert Metcalfe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Meucci" title="Antonio Meucci">Antonio Meucci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Morse" title="Samuel Morse">Samuel Morse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jun-ichi_Nishizawa" title="Jun-ichi Nishizawa">Jun-ichi Nishizawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Grafton_Page" title="Charles Grafton Page">Charles Grafton Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radia_Perlman" title="Radia Perlman">Radia Perlman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Stepanovich_Popov" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Stepanovich Popov">Alexander Stepanovich Popov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tivadar_Pusk%C3%A1s" title="Tivadar Puskás">Tivadar Puskás</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Philipp_Reis" title="Johann Philipp Reis">Johann Philipp Reis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Shannon" title="Claude Shannon">Claude Shannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almon_Brown_Strowger" title="Almon Brown Strowger">Almon Brown Strowger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Sutton_(inventor)" title="Henry Sutton (inventor)">Henry Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Sumner_Tainter" title="Charles Sumner Tainter">Charles Sumner Tainter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikola_Tesla" title="Nikola Tesla">Nikola Tesla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Tissot" title="Camille Tissot">Camille Tissot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Vail" title="Alfred Vail">Alfred Vail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Watson" title="Thomas A. Watson">Thomas A. Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Wheatstone" title="Charles Wheatstone">Charles Wheatstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_K._Zworykin" title="Vladimir K. Zworykin">Vladimir K. Zworykin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transmission_medium" title="Transmission medium">Transmission<br />media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coaxial_cable" title="Coaxial cable">Coaxial cable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiber-optic_communication" title="Fiber-optic communication">Fiber-optic communication</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Optical_fiber" title="Optical fiber">optical fiber</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free-space_optical_communication" title="Free-space optical communication">Free-space optical communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molecular_communication" title="Molecular communication">Molecular communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_wave" title="Radio wave">Radio waves</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wireless" title="Wireless">wireless</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_line" title="Transmission line">Transmission line</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunication_circuit" title="Telecommunication circuit">telecommunication circuit</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Network_topology" title="Network topology">Network topology</a><br />and switching</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bandwidth_(computing)" title="Bandwidth (computing)">Bandwidth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_link" title="Telecommunications link">Links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Node_(networking)" title="Node (networking)">Nodes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terminal_(telecommunication)" title="Terminal (telecommunication)">terminal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_switch" title="Network switch">Network switching</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circuit_switching" title="Circuit switching">circuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packet_switching" title="Packet switching">packet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telephone_exchange" title="Telephone exchange">Telephone exchange</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Multiplexing" title="Multiplexing">Multiplexing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space-division_multiple_access" title="Space-division multiple access">Space-division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frequency-division_multiplexing" title="Frequency-division multiplexing">Frequency-division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time-division_multiplexing" title="Time-division multiplexing">Time-division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polarization-division_multiplexing" title="Polarization-division multiplexing">Polarization-division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbital_angular_momentum_multiplexing" title="Orbital angular momentum multiplexing">Orbital angular-momentum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code-division_multiple_access" title="Code-division multiple access">Code-division</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communication_protocol" title="Communication protocol">Communication protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_network" title="Computer network">Computer network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_communication" title="Data communication">Data transmission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Store_and_forward" title="Store and forward">Store and forward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_equipment" title="Telecommunications equipment">Telecommunications equipment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_network" title="Telecommunications network">Types of network</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cellular_network" title="Cellular network">Cellular network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Services_Digital_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Services Digital Network">ISDN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_area_network" title="Local area network">LAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_telephony" title="Mobile telephony">Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next-generation_network" title="Next-generation network">NGN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_switched_telephone_network" title="Public switched telephone network">Public Switched Telephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_network" title="Radio network">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_broadcasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Television broadcasting">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telex" title="Telex">Telex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UUCP" title="UUCP">UUCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wide_area_network" title="Wide area network">WAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireless_network" title="Wireless network">Wireless network</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_network" title="Telecommunications network">Notable networks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARPANET" title="ARPANET">ARPANET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BITNET" title="BITNET">BITNET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CYCLADES" title="CYCLADES">CYCLADES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FidoNet" title="FidoNet">FidoNet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet2" title="Internet2">Internet2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JANET" title="JANET">JANET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NPL_network" title="NPL network">NPL network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toasternet" title="Toasternet">Toasternet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usenet" title="Usenet">Usenet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_Africa" title="Category:Telecommunications in Africa">Africa</a></li> <li>Americas <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_North_America" title="Category:Telecommunications in North America">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_South_America" title="Category:Telecommunications in South America">South</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Communications_in_Antarctica" title="Category:Communications in Antarctica">Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_Asia" title="Category:Telecommunications in Asia">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_Europe" title="Category:Telecommunications in Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_Oceania" title="Category:Telecommunications in Oceania">Oceania</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_telecommunications_regulatory_bodies" title="List of telecommunications regulatory bodies">Global telecommunications regulation bodies</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/16px-Telecom-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/24px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/32px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Telecommunication" title="Portal:Telecommunication">Telecommunication portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications" title="Category:Telecommunications">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_telecommunication" title="Outline of telecommunication">Outline</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Telecommunications" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Telecommunications">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4723223#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible 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