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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>The Political Graveyard: California: Governors</title> <meta name="description" content="A database of political history and cemeteries, with brief biographical entries for 320,919 U.S. political figures, living and dead, from the 1700s to the present."> <meta name="keywords" content="political biography history genealogy cemeteries politics candidates congress senators legislators governors politicians biographies ancestors mayors birthplace geography elections"> <meta name="author" content="Lawrence Kestenbaum"> <script type="text/javascript"> var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-7383562-1']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'https://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); </script> </head> <body bgcolor="#FFFFDD" text="#000000" link="#cc0000" alink="#ff0000" vlink="#760000"> <style type="text/css"> p {font-family:georgia,garamond,serif} td {font-family:georgia,garamond,serif} A:link {text-decoration: none} A:visited {text-decoration: none} A:active {text-decoration: none} A:hover {text-decoration: underline} </style> <p align=center style="font-size:28pt; font-family:garamond,serif"> <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">PoliticalGraveyard.com</span><br> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/index.html" border=0> <img src="https://politicalgraveyard.com/images/tpgmain6.gif" width=450 height=216 border=0 alt="The Political Graveyard: A Database of American History"></a><br> California: Governors</p> <table width=100%> <td align="center" valign="center"> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </td></table> <table width=100%><tr><td valign="top"> <hr> <p> <b>Governors of California, 1849-2022</b> <i>(May be incomplete!)</i><br> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/burnett.html#455.82.57">Peter H. Burnett</a> 1849-51 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcdonell-mcdougle.html#816.31.54">John McDougal</a> 1851-52 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bigger-bikar.html#761.42.53">John Bigler</a> 1852-56 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/johnson5.html#231.38.79">J. Neely Johnson</a> 1856-58 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/weller.html#490.21.91">John B. Weller</a> 1858-60 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/latham.html#121.90.92">Milton S. Latham</a> 1860 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/down-downey.html#188.49.63">John G. Downey</a> 1860-62 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/standiford-stanislaus.html#701.04.69">Leland Stanford</a> 1862-63 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/lovejoy-lowdermilk.html#020.08.19">Frederick F. Low</a> 1863-67 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/haibach-haiko.html#667.70.12">Henry H. Haight</a> 1867-71 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/booth.html#630.51.91">Newton Booth</a> 1871-75 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/paca-paganelli.html#080.75.48">Romualdo Pacheco</a> 1875 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/irwin.html#406.61.74">William Irwin</a> 1875-80 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/perkins.html#105.88.30">George C. Perkins</a> 1880-83 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/stonebraker-stoughton.html#048.90.90">George Stoneman</a> 1883-87 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bartlett.html#614.94.05">Washington Bartlett</a> 1887 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/waterman.html#430.94.97">Robert W. Waterman</a> 1887-91 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/marianetti-markowitz.html#013.96.26">Henry H. Markham</a> 1891-95 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/buckrop-buel.html#610.38.51">James Herbert Budd</a> 1895-99 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gage.html#317.17.32">Henry T. Gage</a> 1899-1903 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/palmer-parillo.html#579.80.28">George C. Pardee</a> 1903-07 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gillet-gillhaus.html#168.98.68">James N. Gillett</a> 1907-11 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/johnson4.html#367.53.15">Hiram W. Johnson</a> 1911-17 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/stephens.html#555.13.98">William D. Stephens</a> 1917-23 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/richardson.html#765.53.10">Friend W. Richardson</a> 1923-27 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/young2.html#955.14.97">C. C. Young</a> 1927-31 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/rollyson-romaldus.html#893.56.06">James Rolph, Jr.</a> 1931-34 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/merrell-merrifield.html#585.61.50">Frank F. Merriam</a> 1934-39 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/olson.html#168.93.64">Culbert L. Olson</a> 1939-43 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/warren.html#061.10.45">Earl Warren</a> 1943-53 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/knight.html#536.98.94">Goodwin J. Knight</a> 1953-59 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brown3.html#567.74.03">Edmund G. Brown, Sr.</a> 1959-67 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/reade-rector.html#386.15.19">Ronald Reagan</a> 1967-75 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brown3.html#288.84.35">Edmund G. Brown, Jr.</a> 1975-83 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/detaranto-devin.html#757.20.54">George Deukmejian</a> 1983-91 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wilson7.html#369.47.05">Pete Wilson</a> 1991-99 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/davis5.html#099.85.33">Gray Davis</a> 1999-2003 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/schwartzenburg-scotland.html#152.99.32">Arnold Schwarzenegger</a> 2003- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brown3.html#288.84.35">Edmund G. Brown, Jr.</a> 2011- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/newnan-newstead.html#017.01.22">Gavin Newsom</a> 2019- <p> <b>Events and Candidates</b> <i>(may be incomplete!)</i><br> <li> 1849 Nov 13: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/burnett.html#455.82.57">Peter H. Burnett</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sherwood.html#985.72.42">Winfield S. Sherwood</a>, defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sutphen-sutto.html#972.91.71">John A. Sutter</a>, defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sternberg-steunenberg.html#315.94.69">William M. Steuart</a>, defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gayle-geerlings.html#335.82.64">John W. Geary</a>, defeated. <li> 1851 Sep 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bigger-bikar.html#761.42.53">John Bigler</a> (Dem), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/reade-rector.html#994.16.32">Pierson B. Reading</a> (Whig), defeated. <li> 1853 Sep 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bigger-bikar.html#761.42.53">John Bigler</a> (Dem), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/walcott-waldren.html#526.14.78">William Waldo</a> (Whig), defeated. <li> 1855 Sep 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/johnson5.html#231.38.79">J. Neely Johnson</a> (American), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bigger-bikar.html#761.42.53">John Bigler</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1857 Sep 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/weller.html#490.21.91">John B. Weller</a> (Dem), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/stanly-stansel.html#331.83.48">Edward Stanly</a> (Rep & Settlers and Miners), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bowie.html#878.41.44">George W. Bowie</a> (American), defeated. <li> 1859 Sep 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/latham.html#121.90.92">Milton S. Latham</a> (Lecompton Democratic), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/curren-currin.html#997.07.39">John Currey</a> (Anti-Lecompton Democratic), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/standiford-stanislaus.html#701.04.69">Leland Stanford</a> (Rep), defeated. <li> 1861 Sep 4: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/standiford-stanislaus.html#701.04.69">Leland Stanford</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/conners-connet.html#321.51.94">John Conness</a> (Union Democratic), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcconnell.html#488.12.88">John R. McConnell</a> (Breckinridge Democratic), defeated. <li> 1863 Sep 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/lovejoy-lowdermilk.html#020.08.19">Frederick F. Low</a> (Union), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/down-downey.html#188.49.63">John G. Downey</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1867 Sep 4: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/haibach-haiko.html#667.70.12">Henry H. Haight</a> (Dem), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/goree-gorley.html#292.35.09">George C. Gorham</a> (Union), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fay.html#709.12.51">Caleb T. Fay</a> (Union Republican), defeated. <li> 1871 Sep 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/booth.html#630.51.91">Newton Booth</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/haibach-haiko.html#667.70.12">Henry H. Haight</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1875 Sep 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/irwin.html#406.61.74">William Irwin</a> (Dem), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/phelps.html#833.25.18">Timothy G. Phelps</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/biden-biged.html#879.69.17">John Bidwell</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/lovejoy-lowdermilk.html#027.65.66">William E. Lovett</a> (Prohibition), defeated. <li> 1879 Sep 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/perkins.html#105.88.30">George C. Perkins</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/glenn.html#778.35.72">Hugh J. Glenn</a> (Dem & New Constitution), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/white9.html#151.66.39">William F. White</a> (Workingmen), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/clark1.html#158.58.70">A. C. Clark</a> (Prohibition), defeated. <li> 1882 Nov 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/stonebraker-stoughton.html#048.90.90">George Stoneman</a> (Dem), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/esaias-esters.html#578.65.70">Morris M. Estee</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcdonald.html#440.82.95">R. H. McDonald</a> (Prohibition), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcphetres-mcrae.html#556.44.97">Thomas J. McQuiddy</a> (Greenback Labor), defeated. <li> 1886 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bartlett.html#614.94.05">Washington Bartlett</a> (Dem), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sweetland-swinburne.html#000.25.33">John F. Swift</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/odem-oestreicher.html#859.90.02">C. C. O'Donnell</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wigginton-wilard.html#185.34.70">P. D. Wigginton</a> (American), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/russell5.html#990.17.73">Joel Russell</a> (Prohibition & Farmers), defeated. <li> 1887 Sep 12: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bartlett.html#614.94.05">Washington Bartlett</a>, died in office. <li> 1890 Nov 4: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/marianetti-markowitz.html#013.96.26">Henry H. Markham</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/ponce-ponder.html#181.84.13">Edward B. Pond</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/biden-biged.html#879.69.17">John Bidwell</a> (Prohibition & American), defeated. <li> 1898: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/maguire.html#162.97.64">James G. Maguire</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/harriman.html#552.56.13">Job Harriman</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated. <li> 1902 Nov 4: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/palmer-parillo.html#579.80.28">George C. Pardee</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/lane.html#644.20.26">Franklin K. Lane</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1906 Nov 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gillet-gillhaus.html#168.98.68">James N. Gillett</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bell.html#050.04.47">Theodore A. Bell</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1910: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/curry.html#896.26.98">Charles F. Curry</a> (Rep), defeated in primary. <li> 1910 Nov 8: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/johnson4.html#367.53.15">Hiram W. Johnson</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bell.html#050.04.47">Theodore A. Bell</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1914 Nov 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/johnson4.html#367.53.15">Hiram W. Johnson</a> (Progressive), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/frederick-freels.html#814.97.24">John D. Fredericks</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/curtenius-curtin.html#703.80.73">John B. Curtin</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/richardville-richman.html#232.75.45">Noble A. Richarson</a> (Socialist), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/moore2.html#453.33.16">Clinton P. Moore</a> (Prohibition), defeated. <li> 1918: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/woody-worthey.html#806.72.05">Thomas Lee Woolwine</a> (Dem), defeated in primary. <li> 1918 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/stephens.html#555.13.98">William D. Stephens</a> (Rep & Progressive & Prohibition), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bell.html#050.04.47">Theodore A. Bell</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/rosenzweig-rosoff.html#384.11.70">Henry H. Roser</a> (Socialist), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/rollyson-romaldus.html#893.56.06">James Rolph, Jr.</a>, defeated. <li> 1922 Nov 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/richardson.html#765.53.10">Friend W. Richardson</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/woody-worthey.html#806.72.05">Thomas Lee Woolwine</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hornbeck-horter.html#095.18.42">Alexander Horr</a> (Socialist), defeated. <li> 1926 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/young2.html#955.14.97">C. C. Young</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wardell-warnell.html#693.06.12">Justus S. Wardell</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/simspon-sizemore.html#222.60.27">Upton Sinclair</a> (Socialist), defeated. <li> 1930 Nov 4: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/rollyson-romaldus.html#893.56.06">James Rolph, Jr.</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/young6.html#550.13.09">Milton K. Young</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/simspon-sizemore.html#222.60.27">Upton Sinclair</a> (Socialist), defeated. <li> 1934: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/young2.html#955.14.97">C. C. Young</a>, defeated for nomination. <li> 1934: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wardell-warnell.html#693.06.12">Justus S. Wardell</a> (Dem), defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/young6.html#550.13.09">Milton K. Young</a> (Dem), defeated in primary. <li> 1934: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/simspon-sizemore.html#222.60.27">Upton Sinclair</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1934 Jun 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/rollyson-romaldus.html#893.56.06">James Rolph, Jr.</a>, died in office. <li> 1938: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/dixson-doctrine.html#695.52.24">John F. Dockweiler</a> (Dem), defeated in primary. <li> 1938: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/olson.html#168.93.64">Culbert L. Olson</a> (Dem), elected. <li> 1942: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/olson.html#168.93.64">Culbert L. Olson</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1950: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/roosevelt.html#241.11.81">James Roosevelt</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1958: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/knill-knowland.html#258.18.29">William F. Knowland</a> (Rep), defeated. <li> 1962: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/nixon.html#870.67.93">Richard M. Nixon</a>, defeated. <li> 1966: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/christinson-chumbler.html#930.09.20">George Christopher</a> (Rep), defeated in primary. <li> 1966: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brown3.html#567.74.03">Edmund G. Brown, Sr.</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1970: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/unger-upfold.html#210.10.78">Jesse M. Unruh</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/shawcroft-sheean.html#496.56.22">William K. Shearer</a> (American Independent), defeated. <li> 1974: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/walcott-waldren.html#066.99.02">Jerome R. Waldie</a> (Dem), defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/weclew-weekes.html#188.81.25">James Q. Wedworth</a> (Dem), defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/alexandre-allee.html#015.75.26">Joseph L. Alioto</a> (Dem), defeated in primary. <li> 1974: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/reily-remsen.html#243.84.39">Ed Reinecke</a> (Rep), defeated in primary. <li> 1974: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fleury-flye.html#075.77.95">Houston I. Flournoy</a>, defeated. <li> 1974 Jun 4: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wardell-warnell.html#791.18.06">James A. Ware</a> (Rep), defeated in primary. <li> 1978: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/burket-burnet.html#251.85.90">William A. Burkett</a> (Dem), defeated in primary. <li> 1978: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/maddock-magerman.html#201.33.87">Kenneth L. Maddy</a> (Rep), defeated in primary. <li> 1978: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/youngblood-yulee.html#140.66.13">Evelle J. Younger</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mason.html#653.47.56">Mel Mason</a> (Socialist Workers), defeated. <li> 1982: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gambrell-garcelon.html#444.36.61">John Garamendi</a> (Dem), defeated in primary. <li> 1982: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/cuomo-curlin.html#211.59.74">Mike Curb</a> (Rep), defeated in primary. <li> 1982: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bradley8.html#306.66.94">Tom Bradley</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mason.html#653.47.56">Mel Mason</a> (Socialist Workers), defeated. <li> 1982 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/griffin.html#766.98.00">James C. Griffin</a> (American Independent), defeated. <li> 1986: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bradley8.html#306.66.94">Tom Bradley</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fryall-fullam.html#313.69.92">B. Joseph Fuhrig</a> (Libertarian), defeated. <li> 1990 Nov 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/feickert-fellman.html#340.10.35">Dianne Feinstein</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1994: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gambrell-garcelon.html#444.36.61">John Garamendi</a> (Dem), defeated in primary. <li> 1994: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brown6.html#715.71.60">Kathleen Brown</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1998: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/harless-harmison.html#970.27.59">Jane F. Harman</a> (Dem), defeated in primary. <li> 1998: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/feickert-fellman.html#061.64.73">Marsha Feinland</a> (Peace and Freedom), defeated in primary. <li> 1998: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/lund-luster.html#159.46.49">Dan Lungren</a> (Rep), defeated. <li> 1998 Nov 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/davis5.html#099.85.33">Gray Davis</a> (Dem), elected. <li> 2002: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/rilling-ripps.html#437.89.18">Richard J. Riordan</a> (Rep), defeated in primary. <li> 2002: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/callan-came.html#041.50.80">Peter Camejo</a> (Green), defeated. <li> 2002 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/davis5.html#099.85.33">Gray Davis</a> (Dem), elected. <li> 2003 Oct 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/schwartzenburg-scotland.html#152.99.32">Arnold Schwarzenegger</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/busha-butkowski.html#715.43.66">Cruz Bustamante</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcclelland-mcclory.html#311.21.83">Tom McClintock</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/callan-came.html#041.50.80">Peter Camejo</a> (Green), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hudsonriver-hughan.html#771.96.75">Arianna Huffington</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/uczciwek-underhill.html#545.81.37">Peter V. Ueberroth</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/flynt-fogg.html#520.56.76">Larry Flynt</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/colebank-coleman.html#130.35.36">Gary Coleman</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/schwartzenburg-scotland.html#590.31.03">George B. Schwartzman</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/carey.html#780.47.06">Mary Ellen Cook</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mara-margolis.html#911.57.02">Bruce Martin Margolin</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/simms-simonetti.html#240.21.73">Bill Simon</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/burton.html#463.99.69">John C. Burton</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/voelker-voorehees.html#666.19.11">Van Vo</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/robinson2.html#056.65.53">David Laughing Horse Robinson</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gallagher.html#982.96.76">Leo Gallagher</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/blundell-board.html#731.00.06">Cheryl Bly-Chester</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/straub-streeb.html#922.22.89">Lawrence Steven Strauss</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/palmer-parillo.html#853.23.77">Ronald Jason Palmieri</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/louanner-louwet.html#840.37.75">Calvin Y. Louie</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/baczkowski-baile.html#345.07.23">Badi Badiozamani</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/boarman-bodziak.html#879.48.86">Audie E. Bock</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hermann-herrero.html#338.81.67">Ralph A. Hernandez</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/feickert-fellman.html#943.35.08">Dan Feinstein</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kennedy3.html#773.90.83">Edward Thomas Kennedy</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mccartney-mccleery.html#838.60.06">Bob McClain</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/green5.html#373.46.29">James Henry Green</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/andridge-anstine.html#772.44.84">Angelyne</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/grovenor-guert.html#983.31.62">Garrett Gruener</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kuhne-kurthy.html#119.79.70">Jerome Kunzman</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/weinmann-weisman.html#396.92.41">Jim Weir</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hall4.html#132.77.41">Ivan Alexander Hall III</a> (Green), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/rootes-rosco.html#538.76.76">Ned Fenton Roscoe</a> (Libertarian), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/russell4.html#719.35.07">Georgina Russell</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/marianetti-markowitz.html#874.01.43">Paul Mariano</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/grimke-grissom.html#014.61.37">Jack Loyd Grisham</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/miller5.html#517.97.50">Jonathan D. Miller</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/adams1.html#464.08.42">Brooke Adams</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/watts.html#672.17.50">Daniel T. Watts</a> (Green), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sproat-staebler.html#872.31.43">Christopher Sproul</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/halstad-hamill.html#733.03.98">Ken Hamidi</a> (Libertarian), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sprague.html#504.02.63">Randall D. Sprague</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/walton.html#412.32.92">Nathan Whitecloud Walton</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/maack-macdevitt.html#439.14.81">Frank A. Macaluso, Jr.</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/archibald-armstead.html#495.68.28">Mohammad Arif</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/vaile-valentin.html#018.69.87">Marc Valdez</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hickey.html#966.66.21">John J. Hickey</a> (Libertarian), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/ramacitti-rampton.html#553.64.53">Daniel C. Ramirez</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/webe-webney.html#528.08.64">C. T. Weber</a> (Peace and Freedom), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/worthy-wriggins.html#428.52.26">Michael J. Wozniak</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/schlacter-schmies.html#227.91.01">Michael Schmier</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fort-fossum.html#976.58.37">Diana Foss</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/winterberg-wisdom.html#942.39.72">Lingel H. Winters</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/smith1.html#503.65.73">B. E. Smith</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gutierrez-gyger.html#079.12.38">Joe Guzzardi</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/simmons.html#759.88.96">Richard J. Simmons</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mccarthy.html#017.13.22">Mike P. McCarthy</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/paca-paganelli.html#653.27.59">Leonard Padilla</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brown1.html#204.81.13">Art Brown</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/acampora-adamowski.html#002.34.41">Iris Adam</a> (Natural Law), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/walker6.html#454.29.32">Maurice J. Walker</a> (Green), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kelly8.html#378.73.83">Trek Thunder Kelly</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/price.html#683.25.79">Darin Price</a> (Natural Law), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bailhache-bakanatch.html#144.01.34">Vikramjit S. Bajwa</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/morry-mortimore.html#033.02.78">John Mortensen</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/samson-samul.html#598.82.03">David Ronald Sams</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hanlon-hanmer.html#982.67.94">Sara Ann Hanlon</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/templeton-terrill.html#757.60.10">Diane Beall Templin</a> (American Independent), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hoffman.html#537.25.74">Jim Hoffman</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/lane.html#830.38.08">Dick Lane</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/pindall-pingree.html#640.94.00">Charles Pineda, Jr.</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/vaughn.html#478.97.77">William B. Vaughn</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/newman.html#559.91.09">Robert C. Newman II</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/henderson.html#605.78.42">C. Stephen Henderson</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/meagher-meek.html#499.02.76">Scott A. Mednick</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/murrell-myer.html#009.60.09">Dorene Musilli</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sacks-saintaubin.html#508.51.02">Jamie Rosemary Safford</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/rigin-riles.html#482.81.36">Kurt E. Rightmyer</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/tracy.html#678.14.68">Brian Tracy</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/rushern-russel.html#671.71.90">Sharon Rushford</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/manners-manning.html#724.17.17">Robert C. Mannheim</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mitchellson-moeur.html#947.50.18">Darryl L. Mobley</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/randon-ranguette.html#230.37.93">Christopher Ranken</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/till-tillinghaust.html#125.78.06">Patricia G. Tilley</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/taylor1.html#818.09.41">A. Lavar Taylor</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/jackson6.html#765.57.46">Michael Jackson</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/anderson2.html#879.23.68">Douglas Anderson</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/britton.html#790.03.92">Joel Britton</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/aldredge-aleshire.html#008.33.20">Alex-St. James</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/schauber-schemanske.html#343.88.33">Darrin H. Scheidle</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/edwards1.html#690.57.66">Bob Lynn Edwards</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mahool-majka.html#831.83.91">Paul Mailander</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/nason-nazaire.html#568.20.16">Paul James Nave</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/beucher-biddis.html#303.06.29">Ed Beyer</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/beard.html#693.22.08">John W. Beard</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/walker2.html#956.13.51">Chuck Walker</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/chambers.html#882.43.88">William S. Chambers</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/farrell.html#143.61.08">Warren Farrell</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/culler-culpepper.html#745.18.80">Robert Cullenbine</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcmahon.html#697.04.10">Dennis Duggan McMahon</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/vanche-vandewater.html#819.95.06">James M. Vandeventer, Jr.</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/beucher-biddis.html#098.93.52">Vip Bhola</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gorman.html#918.23.81">Gerold Lee Gorman</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kimball.html#930.24.50">Kelly P. Kimball</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcnamee-mcpheeters.html#280.35.36">Mike McNeilly</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/koraleski-kouzoff.html#145.75.71">Eric Korevaar</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/isaac-iverson.html#807.68.85">S. Issa</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/quinn.html#931.35.69">Bryan Quinn</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/martini-marviel.html#903.08.92">Gino Martorana</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gorney-goulart.html#932.56.80">Richard Andrew Gosse</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sword-szymczak.html#706.77.34">Tim Sylvester</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/vann-vanvorhis.html#621.82.77">Paul W. Vann</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/chastain-chenet.html#155.31.25">Michael Cheli</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/perryman-petersen.html#579.75.96">Heather Peters</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/rainie-ralph.html#414.10.95">Jeff Rainforth</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/freye-frimodig.html#497.51.90">Ronald J. Friedman</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mitchellson-moeur.html#635.34.75">Jeffrey L. Mock</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/powhatan-prangley.html#905.86.83">Bill Prady</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/richards.html#623.19.03">Daniel W. Richards</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/davis8.html#557.68.44">Scott W. Davis</a> (Ind), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/carrott-carten.html#692.39.14">Todd Carson</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/foltz-foot.html#544.23.58">Lorraine Fontanes</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/meekins-mellen.html#706.46.32">Carl A. Mehr</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/zebb-ziegenheim.html#254.46.68">Jon W. Zellhoefer</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/leonard.html#636.74.76">Gary Leonard</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/patty-payn.html#749.90.02">Gregory J. Pawlik</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/renaud-republican.html#870.67.17">Reva Renee Renz</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/richner-rider.html#347.40.77">Kevin Richter</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/knapp.html#743.65.82">Stephen L. Knapp</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/trump-tuck.html#215.63.63">William James Tsangares</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/clements.html#915.16.20">D. Clements</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/doi-donahower.html#213.66.12">Robert A. Dole</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kerrey-keydel.html#838.82.37">David E. Kessinger</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fort-fossum.html#079.43.33">Gene Forte</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/lewis8.html#262.33.88">Todd Richard Lewis</a> (Ind), defeated. <li> 2006: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/callan-came.html#041.50.80">Peter Camejo</a> (Green), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/jordan.html#347.46.63">Janice Jordan</a> (Peace and Freedom), defeated. <li> 2010 Jun 8: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/poinier-polke.html#756.47.97">Steve Poizner</a> (Rep), defeated in primary. <li> 2010 Jun 8: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/alt-amersoon.html#448.63.56">Carlos Alvarez</a> (Peace and Freedom), nominated. <li> 2010 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/alt-amersoon.html#448.63.56">Carlos Alvarez</a> (Peace and Freedom), defeated. </td> <td width=180 align="center" valign="center"> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </td></tr></table> <table width=100%> <td align="center" valign="center"> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </td></table> <table width=100%> <tr><td align="center"><span style="font-size:20pt;"> <span style="font-family:garamond,serif"> <i>"Enjoy the hospitable entertainment of a political graveyard."</i></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:8pt;">Henry L. Clinton, Apollo Hall, New York City, February 3, 1872</span></td> <td><a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/"> <img src="https://politicalgraveyard.com/images/tpgsub.gif" width=450 height=71 align="right" border=0 alt="The Political Graveyard"></a></td></tr></table> <br clear="all"> <table width=100% cellpadding=2> <tr><td colspan=3><span style="font-size:10pt;"> <b><a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/index.html">The Political Graveyard</a></b> is a web site about U.S. political history and cemeteries. Founded in 1996, it is the Internet's most comprehensive free source for American political biography, listing 320,919 politicians, living and dead.</span></td></tr> <tr><td colspan=3><span style="font-size:8pt;"> </span></td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> The coverage of this site includes (1) the President, Vice President, members of Congress, elected state and territorial officeholders in all fifty states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. territories; and the chief elected official, typically the mayor, of qualifying municipalities; (2) candidates at election, including primaries, for any of the above; (3) all federal judges and all state appellate judges; (4) certain federal officials, including the federal cabinet, diplomatic chiefs of mission, consuls, U.S. district attorneys, collectors of customs and internal revenue, members of major federal commissions; and political appointee (pre-1969) postmasters of qualifying communities; (5) state and national political party officials, including delegates, alternate delegates, and other participants in national party nominating conventions; (6) Americans who served as "honorary" consuls for other nations before 1950. Note: municipalities or communities "qualify", for Political Graveyard purposes, if they have at least half a million person-years of history, inclusive of predecessor, successor, and merged entities.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> The listings are <b>incomplete</b>; development of the database is a continually ongoing project.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> Information on this page — and on all other pages of this site — is believed to be accurate, but is <b>not</b> guaranteed. Users are advised to check with other sources before relying on any information here.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> The official URL for this page is: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/CA/ofc/gov.html">https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/CA/ofc/gov.html</a>.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> Links to this or any other Political Graveyard page are welcome, but specific page addresses may sometimes change as the site develops.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> If you are searching for a specific named individual, try the <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/alpha/index.html">alphabetical index of politicians</a>.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td colspan=3 align="left" valign="top"><span style="font-size:10pt;"> <b>Copyright notices:</b> (1) Facts are not subject to copyright; see <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/copyright/cases/499_US_340.htm">Feist v. Rural Telephone</a>. (2) Politician portraits displayed on this site are 70-pixel-wide monochrome thumbnail images, which I believe to constitute <b>fair use</b> under applicable copyright law. Where possible, each image is linked to its online source. However, requests from owners of copyrighted images to delete them from this site are honored. (3) Original material, programming, selection and arrangement are © 1996-2023 Lawrence Kestenbaum. (4) This work is also licensed for free non-commercial re-use, with attribution, under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/">Creative Commons License</a>.</span></td></tr> <tr><td colspan=3 align="left" valign="top"><span style="font-size:10pt;"> <b>Site information:</b> The Political Graveyard is created and maintained by <b>Lawrence Kestenbaum</b>, who is solely responsible for its structure and content. — The mailing address is <b>The Political Graveyard, P.O. Box 2563, Ann Arbor MI 48106.</b> — This site is hosted by <b><a href="https://www.hdl.com">HDL</a></b>. — The Political Graveyard opened on <b>July 1, 1996</b>; the last full revision was done on <b>March 8, 2023</b>. </span></td></tr> </table> <hr> <table align="center" cellpadding=5><tr> <td align="center" valign="center"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" border="0" src="https://creativecommons.org/images/public/somerights.gif" width=88 height=31></a></td> <td align="center" valign="center"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/politicalgraveyard" target="_TOP" title="The Political Graveyard"><img src="https://badge.facebook.com/badge/40475596932.4982.1015512377.png" width="120" height="84" style="border: 0px;" /></a></td> <td align="center" valign="center"><a href="https://www.twitter.com/polgraveyard"> <img src="https://twitter-badges.s3.amazonaws.com/follow_us-a.png" border=0 alt="Follow polgraveyard on Twitter"/></a></td> <td align="center" valign="center"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/redirect?tag=thepoliticalg-20&path=subst/home/home.html"> <img src="https://politicalgraveyard.com/images/a150X70b.gif" border=0 alt="[Amazon.com]" align="center"></a></td> </tr></table> </body> </html>