Cloud Audit Logs overview | Cloud Logging

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Start free" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Start free </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-mobile-nav-bottom"> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="_book"> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Discover</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/overview" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/overview" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cloud Logging overview</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Get started</span> </div></li> 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track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Manage logging agents on VMs</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Ops Agent</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Ops Agent overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Install the Ops Agent</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/install-index" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/install-index" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/install-index" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>All installation methods</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/install-agent-vm-creation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/install-agent-vm-creation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/install-agent-vm-creation" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Install the Ops Agent during VM creation</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Install the Ops Agent on a fleet of VMs using agent policies</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/agent-policies-overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/agent-policies-overview" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/agent-policies-overview" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/agent-policies" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/agent-policies" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/agent-policies" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Use agent policies (GA)</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-beta"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/managing-agent-policies" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/managing-agent-policies" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/managing-agent-policies" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Use agent policies (beta)</span><span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="beta" data-title="Beta" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/fleet-installation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/fleet-installation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/fleet-installation" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Install the Ops Agent on a fleet of VMs using automation tools</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/installation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/installation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/installation" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Install the Ops Agent on individual VMs</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Manage the Ops Agent</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/authorization" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/authorization" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/authorization" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Authorize the Ops Agent</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/configuration" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/configuration" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/configuration" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure the Ops Agent</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/rotate-logs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/rotate-logs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/rotate-logs" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Use log rotation for Ops Agent self logs</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/manage-policies-auto-install" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/manage-policies-auto-install" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/manage-policies-auto-install" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Manage VMs covered the Ops Agent OS policy</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Collect logs from third-party applications</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/active_directory_ds" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/active_directory_ds" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/active_directory_ds" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS)</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/aerospike" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/aerospike" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/aerospike" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Aerospike</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/activemq" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/activemq" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/activemq" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Apache ActiveMQ</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/cassandra" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/cassandra" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/cassandra" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Apache Cassandra</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/couchdb" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/couchdb" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/couchdb" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Apache CouchDB</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/flink" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/flink" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/flink" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Apache Flink</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/hadoop" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/hadoop" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/hadoop" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Apache Hadoop</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/hbase" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/hbase" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/hbase" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Apache HBase</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/kafka" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/kafka" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/kafka" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Apache Kafka</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/solr" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/solr" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/solr" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Apache Solr</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/tomcat" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/tomcat" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/tomcat" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Apache Tomcat</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/apache" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/apache" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/apache" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Apache Web Server (httpd)</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/zookeeper" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/zookeeper" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/zookeeper" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Apache ZooKeeper</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/couchbase" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/couchbase" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/couchbase" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Couchbase</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/elasticsearch" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/elasticsearch" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/elasticsearch" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Elasticsearch</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/vault" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/vault" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/vault" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Hashicorp Vault</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/iis" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/iis" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/iis" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Internet Information Services</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/jetty" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/jetty" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/jetty" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Jetty</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/mariadb" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/mariadb" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/mariadb" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>MariaDB</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/memcached" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/memcached" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/memcached" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Memcached</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/mongodb" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/mongodb" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/mongodb" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>MongoDB</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/mysql" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/mysql" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/mysql" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>MySQL</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/nginx" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/nginx" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/nginx" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>nginx</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/oracledb" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/oracledb" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/oracledb" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Oracle Database</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/postgresql" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/postgresql" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/postgresql" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>PostgreSQL</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/rabbitmq" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/rabbitmq" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/rabbitmq" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>RabbitMQ</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/redis" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/redis" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/redis" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Redis</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/saphana" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/saphana" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/saphana" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>SAP HANA</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/varnish" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/varnish" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/varnish" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Varnish HTTP Cache</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/wildfly" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/wildfly" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/ops-agent/third-party/wildfly" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>WildFly</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Legacy Logging agent</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/logging" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/logging" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/logging" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Logging agent overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Install the Logging agent</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/logging/install-index" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/logging/install-index" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/logging/install-index" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>All installation methods</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-beta"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/logging/managing-agent-policies" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/logging/managing-agent-policies" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/logging/managing-agent-policies" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Install the Logging agent on a fleet of VMs using agent policies</span><span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="beta" data-title="Beta" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/logging/fleet-installation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/logging/fleet-installation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/logging/fleet-installation" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Install the Logging agent on a fleet of VMs using automation tools</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/logging/installation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/logging/installation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/logging/installation" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Install the Logging agent on individual VMs</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Manage the Logging agent</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/logging/authorization" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/logging/authorization" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/logging/authorization" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Authorize the Logging agent</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/logging/configuration" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/logging/configuration" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/logging/configuration" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure the Logging agent</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/agent/default-logs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/agent/default-logs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/agent/default-logs" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Default agent logs</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/bindplane/on-premise-hybrid-logging" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/bindplane/on-premise-hybrid-logging" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/bindplane/on-premise-hybrid-logging" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Collect on-premises and multi-cloud logs</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/integrate/gke" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/integrate/gke" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/integrate/gke" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Collect Kubernetes Engine logs</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Write application logs</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/setup" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/setup" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/setup" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Logging libraries overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/integrate/dotnet" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/integrate/dotnet" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/integrate/dotnet" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>C#: Use .NET logging frameworks or the API</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/setup/java" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/setup/java" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/setup/java" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Java: Use Logback or java.util.logging</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/setup/go" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/setup/go" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/setup/go" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Go: Use standard logging</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/setup/nodejs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/setup/nodejs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/setup/nodejs" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Node.js: Use Winston and Bunyan</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/setup/php" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/setup/php" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/setup/php" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>PHP: Use PSR-3 logger</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/setup/python" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/setup/python" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/setup/python" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Python: Use standard logging</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/setup/ruby" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/setup/ruby" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/setup/ruby" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Ruby: Use the Stackdriver gem</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Control access</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/access-control" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/access-control" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/access-control" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Access control with IAM</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/logs-views" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/logs-views" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/logs-views" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure log views on a log bucket</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/field-level-acl" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/field-level-acl" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/field-level-acl" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure field-level access</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/routing/managed-encryption-storage" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/routing/managed-encryption-storage" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/routing/managed-encryption-storage" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure CMEK for log buckets</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure default resource settings for Logging</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/default-settings" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/default-settings" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/default-settings" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure default resource settings</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/routing/managed-encryption" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/routing/managed-encryption" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/routing/managed-encryption" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure CMEK for Logging</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/regionalized-logs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/regionalized-logs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/regionalized-logs" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Regionalize your logs</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Query, analyze, and view logs</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/log-analytics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/log-analytics" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/log-analytics" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Query and view logs overview</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Logs Explorer: Query and view logs</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/log-scope/create-and-manage" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/log-scope/create-and-manage" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/log-scope/create-and-manage" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure a log scope</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/view/logs-explorer-interface" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/view/logs-explorer-interface" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/view/logs-explorer-interface" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Logs Explorer overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/view/building-queries" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/view/building-queries" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/view/building-queries" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Build queries using the Logging query language</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/view/correlate-logs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/view/correlate-logs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/view/correlate-logs" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Correlate log entries</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/analyze/find-logs-error-groups" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/analyze/find-logs-error-groups" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/analyze/find-logs-error-groups" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Find log entries with error groups</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/view/logging-query-language" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/view/logging-query-language" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/view/logging-query-language" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Logging query language</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/view/query-library" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/view/query-library" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/view/query-library" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Sample queries</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/log4j2-vulnerability" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/log4j2-vulnerability" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/log4j2-vulnerability" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Example: Detect Log4Shell security exploits</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Log Analytics: Query and analyze logs</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/analyze/query-and-view" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/analyze/query-and-view" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/analyze/query-and-view" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Query and analyze logs in Log Analytics</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/analyze/charts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/analyze/charts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/analyze/charts" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Chart SQL query results</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/analyze/save-share-query" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/analyze/save-share-query" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/analyze/save-share-query" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Save and share SQL queries</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/analyze/examples" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/analyze/examples" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/analyze/examples" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Sample SQL queries</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-preview"><a href="/logging/docs/analyze/log-volume" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/analyze/log-volume" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/analyze/log-volume" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Analyze log volume</span><span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="preview" data-title="Preview" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/analyze/analyze-audit-logs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/analyze/analyze-audit-logs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/analyze/analyze-audit-logs" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>SQL queries for security insights</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Create alerts or use BigQuery</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/analyze/query-linked-dataset" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/analyze/query-linked-dataset" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/analyze/query-linked-dataset" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Query a linked BigQuery dataset</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-preview"><a href="/logging/docs/analyze/sql-in-alerting" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/analyze/sql-in-alerting" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/analyze/sql-in-alerting" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Monitor your SQL query results with an alerting policy</span><span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="preview" data-title="Preview" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/analyze/troubleshoot" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/analyze/troubleshoot" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/analyze/troubleshoot" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Troubleshoot Log Analytics configuration</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>View logs in supported destinations</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/export/using_exported_logs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/export/using_exported_logs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/export/using_exported_logs" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>View logs routed to Logging buckets</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/export/bigquery" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/export/bigquery" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/export/bigquery" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>View logs routed to BigQuery</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/export/storage" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/export/storage" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/export/storage" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>View logs routed to Cloud Storage</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/export/pubsub" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/export/pubsub" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/export/pubsub" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>View logs routed to Pub/Sub</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Visualize, stream, and monitor logs</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/view/dashboard" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/view/dashboard" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/view/dashboard" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Visualize log severity and error metrics</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/view/streaming-live-tailing" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/view/streaming-live-tailing" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/view/streaming-live-tailing" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Stream and tail log entries</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Monitor your logs</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/alerting/monitoring-logs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/alerting/monitoring-logs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/alerting/monitoring-logs" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Monitor your logs overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Create metrics from logs</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/logs-based-metrics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/logs-based-metrics" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/logs-based-metrics" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Log-based metrics overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/logs-based-metrics/view_your_log_based_metrics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/logs-based-metrics/view_your_log_based_metrics" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/logs-based-metrics/view_your_log_based_metrics" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>List and chart log-based metrics</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/logs-based-metrics/bucket-lbm" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/logs-based-metrics/bucket-lbm" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/logs-based-metrics/bucket-lbm" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Bucket-scoped log-based metrics</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/logs-based-metrics/counter-metrics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/logs-based-metrics/counter-metrics" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/logs-based-metrics/counter-metrics" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure counter metrics</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/logs-based-metrics/distribution-metrics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/logs-based-metrics/distribution-metrics" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/logs-based-metrics/distribution-metrics" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure distribution metrics</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/logs-based-metrics/labels" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/logs-based-metrics/labels" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/logs-based-metrics/labels" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure labels on log-based metrics</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/logs-based-metrics/charts-and-alerts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/logs-based-metrics/charts-and-alerts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/logs-based-metrics/charts-and-alerts" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure notifications for log-based metrics</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Create alerting policies that monitor logs</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/alerting/log-based-alerts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/alerting/log-based-alerts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/alerting/log-based-alerts" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure log-based alerting policies</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/alerting/log-based-incidents" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/alerting/log-based-incidents" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/alerting/log-based-incidents" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Manage incidents for log-based alerting policies</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-preview"><a href="/logging/docs/alerting/sql-based-incidents" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/alerting/sql-based-incidents" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/alerting/sql-based-incidents" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Manage incidents for SQL-based alerting policies</span><span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="preview" data-title="Preview" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Route and store logs</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/routing/overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/routing/overview" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/routing/overview" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Routing and storage overview</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/buckets" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/buckets" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/buckets" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure log buckets</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/manage-log-buckets-with-tags" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/manage-log-buckets-with-tags" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/manage-log-buckets-with-tags" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Manage log buckets by using Tags</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure log sinks</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/export/configure_export_v2" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/export/configure_export_v2" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/export/configure_export_v2" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Route logs to supported destinations</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/routing/user-managed-service-accounts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/routing/user-managed-service-accounts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/routing/user-managed-service-accounts" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure log sinks with user-managed service accounts</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/export/third_party" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/export/third_party" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/export/third_party" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Route logs to third-party destinations</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure sinks for folders and organizations</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/export/aggregated_sinks" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/export/aggregated_sinks" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/export/aggregated_sinks" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Collate and route organization-level logs to supported destinations</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/central-log-storage" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/central-log-storage" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/central-log-storage" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Aggregate and store your organization's logs</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Set up advanced log storage</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/analyze/custom-index" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/analyze/custom-index" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/analyze/custom-index" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure custom indexing</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/routing/copy-logs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/routing/copy-logs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/routing/copy-logs" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Batch and route logs retroactively</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cloud Audit Logs</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/audit" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/audit" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/audit" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cloud Audit Logs overview</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/audit/services" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/audit/services" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/audit/services" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Services with audit logs</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/audit/configure-data-access" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/audit/configure-data-access" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/audit/configure-data-access" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Enable Data Access audit logs</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Audit logs in depth</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/audit/understanding-audit-logs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/audit/understanding-audit-logs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/audit/understanding-audit-logs" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Understand audit logs</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/audit/split-logs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/audit/split-logs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/audit/split-logs" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Split log entries</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/audit/best-practices" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/audit/best-practices" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/audit/best-practices" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Best practices</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/audit-logging" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/audit-logging" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/audit-logging" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cloud Logging audit logs</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Google Workspace audit logs</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/audit/gsuite-audit-logging" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/audit/gsuite-audit-logging" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/audit/gsuite-audit-logging" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Workspace audit logs overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/audit/configure-gsuite-audit-logs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/audit/configure-gsuite-audit-logs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/audit/configure-gsuite-audit-logs" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>View and manage Workspace audit logs</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/audit/gsuite-login-samples" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/audit/gsuite-login-samples" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/audit/gsuite-login-samples" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Login Audit samples</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Audit logs datatypes</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>AuditLog</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Types</span> </div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/reference/audit/auditlog/rest/Shared.Types/AuditLog" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/reference/audit/auditlog/rest/Shared.Types/AuditLog" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/reference/audit/auditlog/rest/Shared.Types/AuditLog" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>AuditLog</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/reference/audit/auditlog/rest/Shared.Types/PolicyType" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/reference/audit/auditlog/rest/Shared.Types/PolicyType" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/reference/audit/auditlog/rest/Shared.Types/PolicyType" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>PolicyType</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>App Engine AuditData</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Types</span> </div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/ApiConfigHandler" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/ApiConfigHandler" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/ApiConfigHandler" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>ApiConfigHandler</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/ApiEndpointHandler" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/ApiEndpointHandler" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/ApiEndpointHandler" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>ApiEndpointHandler</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/AuditData" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/AuditData" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/AuditData" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>AuditData</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/AuthFailAction" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/AuthFailAction" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/AuthFailAction" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>AuthFailAction</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/ErrorCode" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/ErrorCode" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/ErrorCode" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>ErrorCode</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/FileInfo" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/FileInfo" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/FileInfo" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>FileInfo</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/InboundServiceType" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/InboundServiceType" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/InboundServiceType" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>InboundServiceType</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/LoginRequirement" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/LoginRequirement" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/LoginRequirement" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>LoginRequirement</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/RedirectHttpResponseCode" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/RedirectHttpResponseCode" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/RedirectHttpResponseCode" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>RedirectHttpResponseCode</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/RolloutStrategy" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/RolloutStrategy" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/RolloutStrategy" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>RolloutStrategy</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/SecurityLevel" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/SecurityLevel" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/SecurityLevel" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>SecurityLevel</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/ServingStatus" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/ServingStatus" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/ServingStatus" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>ServingStatus</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/ShardBy" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/ShardBy" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/reference/audit/appengine/rest/Shared.Types/ShardBy" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>ShardBy</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>App Engine AuditData (legacy)</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Types</span> </div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/reference/audit/ae_legacy/rest/Shared.Types/AuditData" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/reference/audit/ae_legacy/rest/Shared.Types/AuditData" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/reference/audit/ae_legacy/rest/Shared.Types/AuditData" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>AuditData</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>BigQuery AuditData</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Types</span> </div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/reference/audit/bigquery/rest/Shared.Types/AuditData" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/reference/audit/bigquery/rest/Shared.Types/AuditData" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/reference/audit/bigquery/rest/Shared.Types/AuditData" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>AuditData</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/reference/audit/bigquery/rest/Shared.Types/LogType" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/reference/audit/bigquery/rest/Shared.Types/LogType" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/reference/audit/bigquery/rest/Shared.Types/LogType" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>LogType</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>IAM AuditData</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Types</span> </div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/logging/docs/reference/audit/iam/rest/Shared.Types/AuditData" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /logging/docs/reference/audit/iam/rest/Shared.Types/AuditData" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/logging/docs/reference/audit/iam/rest/Shared.Types/AuditData" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>AuditData</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Troubleshoot</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Troubleshoot collecting and writing logs</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title 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</devsite-thumb-rating> </div> <devsite-feedback position="header" project-name="Cloud Logging" product-id="714033" bucket="Documentation" context="Logging docs feedback link" version="t-devsite-webserver-20241114-r00-rc02.464922260396498922" data-label="Send Feedback Button" track-type="feedback" track-name="sendFeedbackLink" track-metadata-position="header" class="nocontent" project-icon="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/cloud/images/favicons/onecloud/super_cloud.png" > <button> Send feedback </button> </devsite-feedback> <h1 class="devsite-page-title" tabindex="-1"> Cloud Audit Logs overview </h1> <devsite-feature-tooltip ack-key="AckCollectionsBookmarkTooltipDismiss" analytics-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" analytics-action-show="Callout Profile displayed" analytics-action-close="Callout Profile dismissed" analytics-label="Create Collection Callout" class="devsite-page-bookmark-tooltip nocontent" dismiss-button="true" id="devsite-collections-dropdown" dismiss-button-text="Dismiss" close-button-text="Got it"> <devsite-bookmark></devsite-bookmark> <span slot="popout-heading"> Stay organized with collections </span> <span slot="popout-contents"> Save and categorize content based on your preferences. </span> </devsite-feature-tooltip> <div class="devsite-page-title-meta"><devsite-view-release-notes></devsite-view-release-notes></div> <devsite-toc class="devsite-nav" depth="2" devsite-toc-embedded > </devsite-toc> <div class="devsite-article-body clearfix "> <div class="video-wrapper"> <iframe class="devsite-embedded-youtube-video" data-video-id="dVBBKR3SgDQ" data-autohide="1" data-showinfo="0" frameborder="0" allow="fullscreen"> </iframe> </div> <p>This document provides a conceptual overview of Cloud Audit Logs.</p> <p>Google Cloud services write audit logs that record administrative activities and accesses within your Google Cloud resources. Audit logs help you answer "who did what, where, and when?" within your Google Cloud resources with the same level of transparency as in on-premises environments. Enabling audit logs helps your security, auditing, and compliance entities monitor Google Cloud data and systems for possible vulnerabilities or external data misuse.</p> <aside class="note"><strong>Note:</strong><span> Data Access audit logs help the Support team troubleshoot issues with your account. Therefore, we recommend keeping them enabled. For more Cloud Audit Logs best practices, see <a href="/logging/docs/audit/best-practices">Cloud Audit Logs best practices</a>.</span></aside> <h2 id="services" data-text="Google Cloud services producing audit logs" tabindex="-1">Google Cloud services producing audit logs</h2> <p>For a list of Google Cloud services that provide audit logs, see <a href="/logging/docs/audit/services">Google Cloud services with audit logs</a>. All Google Cloud services will eventually provide audit logs.</p> <p>For an overview of Google Workspace audit logs, see <a href="/logging/docs/audit/gsuite-audit-logging">Audit logs for Google Workspace</a>.</p> <h2 id="roles" data-text="Required roles" tabindex="-1">Required roles</h2> <p>To view audit logs, you must have the appropriate <a href="/iam/docs">Identity and Access Management (IAM)</a> permissions and roles:</p> <p> <ul> <li> <p> To get the permissions that you need to get read-only access to Admin Activity, Policy Denied, and System Event audit logs, ask your administrator to grant you the <a href="https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/understanding-roles#logging.viewer">Logs Viewer </a> (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">roles/logging.viewer</code>) IAM role on your project. </p> <p>If you have only the Logs Viewer role <code translate="no" dir="ltr">(roles/logging.viewer)</code>, then you cannot view Data Access audit logs that are in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">_Default</code> bucket.</p></li> </ul> <p> <ul> <li> <p> To get the permissions that you need to get access to all logs in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">_Required</code> and <code translate="no" dir="ltr">_Default</code> buckets, including Data Access logs, ask your administrator to grant you the <a href="https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/understanding-roles#logging.privateLogViewer">Private Logs Viewer </a> (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">roles/logging.privateLogViewer</code>) IAM role on your project. </p> <p>The Private Logs Viewer role <code translate="no" dir="ltr">(roles/logging.privateLogViewer)</code> includes the permissions contained in the Logs Viewer role (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">roles/logging.viewer</code>), and those necessary to read Data Access audit logs in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">_Default</code> bucket.</p></li> </ul> <p>For more information about the IAM permissions and roles that apply to audit logs data, see <a href="/logging/docs/access-control">Access control with IAM</a>.</p> <h2 id="types" data-text="Types of audit logs" tabindex="-1">Types of audit logs</h2> <p>Cloud Audit Logs provides the following audit logs for each Google Cloud project, folder, and organization:</p> <ul> <li><a href="#admin-activity">Admin Activity audit logs</a></li> <li><a href="#data-access">Data Access audit logs</a></li> <li><a href="#system-event">System Event audit logs</a></li> <li><a href="#policy_denied">Policy Denied audit logs</a></li> </ul> <aside class="note"><strong>Note:</strong><span> Log entries written by Cloud Audit Logs are immutable.</span></aside> <h3 id="admin-activity" data-text="Admin Activity audit logs" tabindex="-1">Admin Activity audit logs</h3> <p>Admin Activity audit logs contain log entries for API calls or other actions that modify the configuration or metadata of resources. For example, these logs record when users create VM instances or change Identity and Access Management permissions.</p> <p>Admin Activity audit logs are always written; you can't configure, exclude, or disable them. Even if you disable the Cloud Logging API, Admin Activity audit logs are still generated.</p> <p>For a list of services that write Admin Activity audit logs and detailed information about which activities generate those logs, see <a href="/logging/docs/audit/services">Google Cloud services with audit logs</a>.</p> <h3 id="data-access" data-text="Data Access audit logs" tabindex="-1">Data Access audit logs</h3> <p>Data Access audit logs contain API calls that read the configuration or metadata of resources, as well as user-driven API calls that create, modify, or read user-provided resource data.</p> <p>Publicly available resources that have the Identity and Access Management policies <a href="/iam/docs/overview#allauthenticatedusers"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">allAuthenticatedUsers</code></a> or <a href="/iam/docs/overview#allusers"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">allUsers</code></a> don't generate audit logs. Resources that can be accessed without logging into a Google Cloud, Google Workspace, Cloud Identity, or Drive Enterprise account don't generate audit logs. This helps protect end-user identities and information.</p> <p>Data Access audit logs—except for BigQuery Data Access audit logs—are disabled by default because audit logs can be quite large. If you want Data Access audit logs to be written for Google Cloud services other than BigQuery, you must explicitly enable them. Enabling the logs might result in your Google Cloud project being charged for the additional logs usage. For instructions on enabling and configuring Data Access audit logs, see <a href="/logging/docs/audit/configure-data-access">Enable Data Access audit logs</a>.</p> <p>For a list of services that write Data Access audit logs and detailed information about which activities generate those logs, see <a href="/logging/docs/audit/services">Google Cloud services with audit logs</a>.</p> <p>Data Access audit logs are stored in the <a href="/logging/docs/routing/overview#default-bucket"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">_Default</code></a> log bucket unless you've routed them elsewhere. For more information, see the <a href="#storing_and_routing_audit_logs">Storing and routing audit logs</a> section of this page.</p> <h3 id="system-event" data-text="System Event audit logs" tabindex="-1">System Event audit logs</h3> <p>System Event audit logs contain log entries for Google Cloud actions that modify the configuration of resources. System Event audit logs are generated by Google Cloud systems; they aren't driven by direct user action.</p> <p>System Event audit logs are always written; you can't configure, exclude, or disable them.</p> <p>For a list of services that write System Event audit logs and detailed information about which activities generate those logs, see <a href="/logging/docs/audit/services">Google Cloud services with audit logs</a>.</p> <h3 id="policy_denied" data-text="Policy Denied audit logs" tabindex="-1">Policy Denied audit logs</h3> <p>Policy Denied audit logs are recorded when a Google Cloud service denies access to a user or <a href="/iam/docs/service-accounts">service account</a> because of a security policy violation.</p> <p>Policy Denied audit logs are generated by default and your Google Cloud project is charged for the logs storage. You can't disable Policy Denied audit logs, but you can use <a href="/logging/docs/routing/overview#exclusions">exclusion filters</a> to prevent Policy Denied audit logs from being stored in Cloud Logging.</p> <p>For a list of services that write Policy Denied audit logs and detailed information about which activities generate those logs, see <a href="/logging/docs/audit/services">Google Cloud services with audit logs</a>.</p> <h2 id="audit_log_entry_structure" data-text="Audit log entry structure" tabindex="-1">Audit log entry structure</h2> <p>Every audit log entry in Cloud Logging is an object of type <a href="/logging/docs/reference/v2/rest/v2/LogEntry"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">LogEntry</code></a>. What distinguishes an audit log entry from other log entries is the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">protoPayload</code> field; this field contains an <a href="/logging/docs/audit/api/ref/rest/Shared.Types/AuditLog"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">AuditLog</code></a> object that stores the audit logging data.</p> <p>To understand how to read and interpret audit log entries, and for a sample of an audit log entry, see <a href="/logging/docs/audit/understanding-audit-logs">Understanding audit logs</a>.</p> <h3 id="log_name" data-text="Log name" tabindex="-1">Log name</h3> <p>Cloud Audit Logs log names include the following:</p> <ul> <li><p>Resource identifiers indicating the Google Cloud project or other Google Cloud entity that owns the audit logs.</p></li> <li><p>The string <code translate="no" dir="ltr">cloudaudit.googleapis.com</code>.</p></li> <li><p>A string that indicates whether the log contains Admin Activity, Data Access, Policy Denied, or System Event audit logging data.</p></li> </ul> <p>The following are the audit log names, including variables for the resource identifiers:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="SQL"><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">projects</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><var translate="no"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">PROJECT_ID</span></var><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">logs</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">cloudaudit</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">googleapis</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">com</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">%</span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">2</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Factivity</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">projects</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><var translate="no"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">PROJECT_ID</span></var><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">logs</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">cloudaudit</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">googleapis</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">com</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">%</span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">2</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Fdata_access</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">projects</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><var translate="no"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">PROJECT_ID</span></var><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">logs</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">cloudaudit</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">googleapis</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">com</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">%</span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">2</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Fsystem_event</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">projects</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><var translate="no"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">PROJECT_ID</span></var><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">logs</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">cloudaudit</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">googleapis</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">com</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">%</span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">2</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Fpolicy</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">folders</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><var translate="no"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">FOLDER_ID</span></var><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">logs</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">cloudaudit</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">googleapis</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">com</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">%</span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">2</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Factivity</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">folders</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><var translate="no"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">FOLDER_ID</span></var><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">logs</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">cloudaudit</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">googleapis</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">com</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">%</span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">2</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Fdata_access</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">folders</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><var translate="no"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">FOLDER_ID</span></var><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">logs</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">cloudaudit</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">googleapis</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">com</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">%</span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">2</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Fsystem_event</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">folders</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><var translate="no"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">FOLDER_ID</span></var><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">logs</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">cloudaudit</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">googleapis</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">com</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">%</span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">2</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Fpolicy</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">billingAccounts</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><var translate="no"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">BILLING_ACCOUNT_ID</span></var><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">logs</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">cloudaudit</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">googleapis</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">com</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">%</span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">2</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Factivity</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">billingAccounts</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><var translate="no"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">BILLING_ACCOUNT_ID</span></var><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">logs</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">cloudaudit</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">googleapis</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">com</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">%</span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">2</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Fdata_access</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">billingAccounts</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><var translate="no"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">BILLING_ACCOUNT_ID</span></var><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">logs</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">cloudaudit</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">googleapis</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">com</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">%</span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">2</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Fsystem_event</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">billingAccounts</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><var translate="no"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">BILLING_ACCOUNT_ID</span></var><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">logs</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">cloudaudit</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">googleapis</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">com</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">%</span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">2</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Fpolicy</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">organizations</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><var translate="no"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">ORGANIZATION_ID</span></var><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">logs</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">cloudaudit</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">googleapis</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">com</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">%</span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">2</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Factivity</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">organizations</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><var translate="no"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">ORGANIZATION_ID</span></var><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">logs</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">cloudaudit</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">googleapis</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">com</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">%</span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">2</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Fdata_access</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">organizations</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><var translate="no"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">ORGANIZATION_ID</span></var><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">logs</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">cloudaudit</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">googleapis</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">com</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">%</span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">2</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Fsystem_event</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">organizations</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><var translate="no"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">ORGANIZATION_ID</span></var><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">logs</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">/</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">cloudaudit</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">googleapis</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">com</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">%</span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">2</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Fpolicy</span></pre></devsite-code> <h2 id="user-id" data-text="Caller identities in audit logs" tabindex="-1">Caller identities in audit logs</h2> <p>Audit logs record the identity that performed the logged operations on the Google Cloud resource. The caller's identity is held in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">AuthenticationInfo</code> field of <a href="/logging/docs/audit/api/ref/rest/Shared.Types/AuditLog"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">AuditLog</code></a> objects.</p> <p>Audit logging doesn't redact the caller's principal email address for any access that succeeds or for any write operation.</p> <p>For read-only operations that fail with a "permission denied" error, Audit Logging might redact the caller's principal email address unless the caller is a service account.</p> <p>In addition to the conditions listed above, the following applies to certain Google Cloud services:</p> <ul> <li><a href="/appengine/docs">Legacy App Engine API</a>: Identities aren't collected.</li> </ul> <ul> <li><p><a href="/bigquery/docs/reference/auditlogs#ids">BigQuery</a>: Caller identities and IP addresses, as well as some resource names, are redacted from the audit logs, unless certain conditions are met.</p></li> <li><p><a href="/storage/docs/access-logs">Cloud Storage</a>: When Cloud Storage usage logs are enabled, Cloud Storage writes usage data to the Cloud Storage bucket, which generates Data Access audit logs for the bucket. The generated Data Access audit log has its caller identity redacted.</p></li> </ul> <ul> <li><a href="/firestore/docs/audit-logging">Firestore</a>: If a JSON Web Token (JWT) was used for third-party authentication, the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">thirdPartyPrincipal</code> field includes the token's header and payload. For example, audit logs for requests authenticated with <a href="https://firebase.google.com/docs/auth">Firebase Authentication</a> include that request's <a href="https://firebase.google.com/docs/auth/users#auth_tokens">auth token</a>.</li> </ul> <ul> <li><p><a href="/vpc-service-controls/docs/audit-logging">VPC Service Controls</a>: For Policy Denied audit logs, the following redaction occurs:</p> <ul> <li><p>Parts of the caller email addresses might be redacted and replaced by three period characters <code translate="no" dir="ltr">...</code>.</p></li> <li><p>Some caller email addresses belonging to the domain <code translate="no" dir="ltr">google.com</code> are redacted and replaced by <code translate="no" dir="ltr">google-internal</code>.</p></li> </ul></li> </ul> <ul> <li><a href="/resource-manager/docs/organization-policy/audit-logging">Organization Policy</a>: Parts of the caller email addresses might be redacted and replaced by three period characters <code translate="no" dir="ltr">...</code>.</li> </ul> <h2 id="caller-ip" data-text="IP address of the caller in audit logs" tabindex="-1">IP address of the caller in audit logs</h2> <p>The IP address of the caller is held in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">RequestMetadata.callerIp</code> field of the <a href="/logging/docs/audit/api/ref/rest/Shared.Types/AuditLog"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">AuditLog</code></a> object:</p> <ul> <li>For a caller from the internet, the address is a public IPv4 or IPv6 address.</li> <li>For calls made from inside the internal production network from one Google Cloud service to another, the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">callerIp</code> is redacted to "private".</li> <li>For a caller from a Compute Engine VM with a external IP address, the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">callerIp</code> is the external address of the VM.</li> <li>For a caller from a Compute Engine VM without a external IP address, if the VM is in the same organization or project as the accessed resource, then <code translate="no" dir="ltr">callerIp</code> is the VM's internal IPv4 address. Otherwise, the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">callerIp</code> is redacted to "gce-internal-ip". For more information, see <a href="/compute/docs/vpc">VPC network overview</a>.</li> </ul> <h2 id="view-logs" data-text="Viewing audit logs" tabindex="-1">Viewing audit logs</h2> <p>You can query for all audit logs or you can query for logs by their audit log name. The audit log name includes the <a href="/resource-manager/docs/creating-managing-projects#identifying_projects">resource identifier</a> of the Google Cloud project, folder, billing account, or organization for which you want to view audit logging information. Your queries can specify indexed <a href="/logging/docs/reference/v2/rest/v2/LogEntry"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">LogEntry</code></a> fields. For more information about querying your logs, see <a href="/logging/docs/view/building-queries">Build queries in the Logs Explorer</a></p> <p>The Logs Explorer lets you view filter individual log entries. If you want to use SQL to analyze groups of log entries, then use the <strong>Log Analytics</strong> page. For more information, see:</p> <ul> <li><a href="/logging/docs/analyze/query-and-view">Query and view logs in Log Analytics</a>.</li> <li><a href="/logging/docs/analyze/analyze-audit-logs">Sample queries for security insights</a>.</li> <li><a href="/logging/docs/analyze/charts">Chart query results</a>.</li> </ul> <p>Most audit logs can be viewed in Cloud Logging by using the Google Cloud console, the Google Cloud CLI, or the Logging API. However, for audit logs related to billing, you can only use the Google Cloud CLI or the Logging API.</p> <div id="logging_add_log_view_binding-code-sample" class="ds-selector-tabs" data-ds-scope="code-sample"> <section> <h3 id="logging_add_log_view_binding-console" track-metadata-position="logging_add_log_view_binding" track-metadata-region-tag="logging_add_log_view_binding" data-text="Console" tabindex="-1">Console</h3> <p>In the Google Cloud console, you can use the Logs Explorer to retrieve your audit log entries for your Google Cloud project, folder, or organization:</p> <aside class="note"><strong>Note:</strong><span> You can't view audit logs for Cloud Billing accounts in the Google Cloud console. You must use the API or the gcloud CLI.</span></aside> <ol> <li> <p>In the Google Cloud console, go to the <b>Logs Explorer</b> page: <p><a class="button button-primary" href="https://console.cloud.google.com/logs/query" target="console" track-name="consoleLink" track-type="task" track-metadata-position="body" track-metadata-event-detail="logs/query" >Go to <b>Logs Explorer</b></a> </p> </p> <p>If you use the search bar to find this page, then select the result whose subheading is <b>Logging</b>.</p></li> <li><p>Select an existing Google Cloud project, folder, or organization.</p></li> <li><p>To display all audit logs, enter either of the following queries into the query-editor field, and then click <strong>Run query</strong>:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="notranslate devsite-click-to-copy" dir="ltr" is-upgraded> logName:"cloudaudit.googleapis.com" </pre></devsite-code> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="notranslate devsite-click-to-copy" dir="ltr" is-upgraded> protoPayload."@type"="type.googleapis.com/google.cloud.audit.AuditLog" </pre></devsite-code></li> <li><p>To display the audit logs for a specific resource and audit log type, in the <strong>Query builder</strong> pane, do the following:</p> <ul> <li><p>In <strong>Resource type</strong>, select the Google Cloud resource whose audit logs you want to see.</p></li> <li><p>In <strong>Log name</strong>, select the audit log type that you want to see:</p> <ul> <li>For Admin Activity audit logs, select <strong>activity</strong>.</li> <li>For Data Access audit logs, select <strong>data_access</strong>.</li> <li>For System Event audit logs, select <strong>system_event</strong>.</li> <li>For Policy Denied audit logs, select <strong>policy</strong>.</li> </ul></li> <li><p>Click <strong>Run query</strong>.</p></li> </ul> <p>If you don't see these options, then there aren't any audit logs of that type available in the Google Cloud project, folder, or organization.</p> <p>If you're experiencing issues when trying to view logs in the Logs Explorer, see the <a href="/logging/docs/view/logs-explorer-interface#troubleshooting">troubleshooting</a> information.</p> <p>For more information about querying by using the Logs Explorer, see <a href="/logging/docs/view/building-queries">Build queries in the Logs Explorer</a>.</p></li> </ol> </section> <section> <h3 id="logging_add_log_view_binding-gcloud" track-metadata-position="logging_add_log_view_binding" track-metadata-region-tag="logging_add_log_view_binding" data-text="gcloud" tabindex="-1"><span class="notranslate">gcloud</span></h3> <p>The Google Cloud CLI provides a command-line interface to the Logging API. Supply a valid resource identifier in each of the log names. For example, if your query includes a <var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var>, then the project identifier you supply must refer to the currently selected Google Cloud project.</p> <p>To read your Google Cloud project-level audit log entries, run the following command:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded> gcloud logging read "logName : projects/<var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var>/logs/cloudaudit.googleapis.com" \ --project=<var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var> </pre></devsite-code> <p>To read your folder-level audit log entries, run the following command:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded> gcloud logging read "logName : folders/<var translate="no">FOLDER_ID</var>/logs/cloudaudit.googleapis.com" \ --folder=<var translate="no">FOLDER_ID</var> </pre></devsite-code> <p>To read your organization-level audit log entries, run the following command:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded> gcloud logging read "logName : organizations/<var translate="no">ORGANIZATION_ID</var>/logs/cloudaudit.googleapis.com" \ --organization=<var translate="no">ORGANIZATION_ID</var> </pre></devsite-code> <p>To read your Cloud Billing account-level audit log entries, run the following command:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded> gcloud logging read "logName : billingAccounts/<var translate="no">BILLING_ACCOUNT_ID</var>/logs/cloudaudit.googleapis.com" \ --billing-account=<var translate="no">BILLING_ACCOUNT_ID</var> </pre></devsite-code> <p>Add the <a href="/sdk/gcloud/reference/logging/read#--freshness"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">--freshness</code> flag</a> to your command to read logs that are more than 1 day old.</p> <p>For more information about using the gcloud CLI, see <a href="/sdk/gcloud/reference/logging/read"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">gcloud logging read</code></a>.</p> </section> <section> <h3 id="logging_add_log_view_binding-rest" track-metadata-position="logging_add_log_view_binding" track-metadata-region-tag="logging_add_log_view_binding" data-text="REST" tabindex="-1"><span class="notranslate">REST</span></h3> <p>When building your queries, supply a valid resource identifier in each of the log names. For example, if your query includes a <var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var>, then the project identifier you supply must refer to the currently selected Google Cloud project.</p> <p>For example, to use the Logging API to view your project-level audit log entries, do the following:</p> <ol> <li><p>Go to the <strong>Try this API</strong> section in the documentation for the <a href="/logging/docs/reference/v2/rest/v2/entries/list"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">entries.list</code></a> method.</p></li> <li><p>Put the following into the <strong>Request body</strong> part of the <strong>Try this API</strong> form. Clicking this <a href="/logging/docs/reference/v2/rest/v2/entries/list?apix_params=%7B%22resource%22%3A%7B%22resourceNames%22%3A%5B%22projects%2F%5BPROJECT_ID%5D%22%5D%2C%22pageSize%22%3A5%2C%22filter%22%3A%22logName%3D(projects%2F%5BPROJECT_ID%5D%2Flogs%2Fcloudaudit.googleapis.com%252Factivity%20OR%20projects%2F%5BPROJECT_ID%5D%2Flogs%2Fcloudaudit.googleapis.com%252Fsystem_events%20OR%20projects%2F%5BPROJECT_ID%5D%2Flogs%2Fcloudaudit.googleapis.com%252Fdata_access)%22%7D%7D">prepopulated form</a> automatically fills the request body, but you need to supply a valid <var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var> in each of the log names.</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" lang-html translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded> { "resourceNames": [ "projects/<var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var>" ], "pageSize": 5, "filter": "logName : projects/<var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var>/logs/cloudaudit.googleapis.com" } </pre></devsite-code></li> <li><p>Click <strong>Execute</strong>.</p></li> </ol> </section> </div></p> <h2 id="storing_and_routing_audit_logs" data-text="Storing and routing audit logs" tabindex="-1">Storing and routing audit logs</h2> <p>Cloud Logging uses <a href="/logging/docs/routing/overview#buckets">log buckets</a> as containers that store and organize your logs data. For each billing account, Google Cloud project, folder, and organization, Logging automatically creates two log buckets, <code translate="no" dir="ltr">_Required</code> and <code translate="no" dir="ltr">_Default</code>, and correspondingly named <a href="/logging/docs/routing/overview#sinks">sinks</a>.</p> <p>Cloud Logging <code translate="no" dir="ltr">_Required</code> buckets store Admin Activity audit logs and System Event audit logs. You can't prevent Admin Activity or System Event audit logs from being stored. You also can't configure the sink that routes log entries to the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">_Required</code> buckets.</p> <p>Admin Activity audit logs and System Event audit logs are always stored in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">_Required</code> bucket in the project where the logs were generated.</p> <p>If you route Admin Activity audit logs and System Event audit logs to a different project, then those logs don't pass through the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">_Default</code> or <code translate="no" dir="ltr">_Required</code> sink of the destination project. Therefore, these logs aren't stored in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">_Default</code> log bucket or the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">_Required</code> log bucket of the destination project. To store these logs, create a log sink in the destination project. For more information, see <a href="/logging/docs/export/configure_export_v2">Route logs to supported destinations</a>.</p> <p>The <code translate="no" dir="ltr">_Default</code> buckets, by default, store any enabled Data Access audit logs as well as Policy Denied audit logs. To prevent Data Access audit logs from being stored in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">_Default</code> buckets, you can disable them. To prevent any Policy Denied audit logs from being stored in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">_Default</code> buckets, you can exclude them by modifying their sinks' filters.</p> <p>You can also route your audit log entries to user-defined Cloud Logging buckets at the Google Cloud project level or to supported destinations outside of Logging using sinks. For instructions on routing logs, see <a href="/logging/docs/export/configure_export_v2">Route logs to supported destinations</a>.</p> <p>When configuring your log sinks' filters, you need to specify the audit log types you want to route; for filtering examples, see <a href="/logging/docs/view/query-library#security-filters">Security logging queries</a>.</p> <p>If you want to route audit log entries for a Google Cloud organization, folder, or billing account, see <a href="/logging/docs/export/aggregated_sinks">Collate and route organization-level logs to supported destinations</a>.</p> <h2 id="audit_log_retention" data-text="Audit log retention" tabindex="-1">Audit log retention</h2> <p>For details on how long log entries are retained by Logging, see the retention information in <a href="/logging/quotas#logs_retention_periods">Quotas and limits: Logs retention periods</a>.</p> <h2 id="access-control" data-text="Access control" tabindex="-1">Access control</h2> <p>IAM permissions and roles determine your ability to access audit logs data in the <a href="/logging/docs/reference/v2/rest">Logging API</a>, the <a href="/logging/docs/view/logs-explorer-interface">Logs Explorer</a>, and the <a href="/logging/docs/reference/tools/gcloud-logging">Google Cloud CLI</a>.</p> <p>For detailed information about the IAM permissions and roles you might need, see <a href="/logging/docs/access-control">Access control with IAM</a>.</p> <h2 id="quotas" data-text="Quotas and limits" tabindex="-1">Quotas and limits</h2> <p>For details on logging usage limits, including the maximum sizes of audit logs, see <a href="/logging/quotas">Quotas and limits</a>.</p> <h2 id="pricing" data-text="Pricing" tabindex="-1">Pricing</h2> <p>Cloud Logging doesn't charge to route logs to a supported destination; however, the destination might apply charges. With the exception of the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">_Required</code> log bucket, Cloud Logging charges to stream logs into log buckets and for storage longer than the default retention period of the log bucket.</p> <p>Cloud Logging doesn't charge for copying logs, for defining <a href="/logging/docs/log-scope/create-and-manage">log scopes</a>, or for queries issued through the <b>Logs Explorer</b> or <b>Log Analytics</b> pages.</p> <p>For more information, see the following documents:</p> <ul> <li><a href="/stackdriver/pricing#logs-pricing-summary">Cloud Logging pricing summary</a></li> <li><p>Destination costs:</p> <ul> <li><a href="/storage/pricing">Cloud Storage pricing</a></li> <li><a href="/bigquery/pricing#data_ingestion_pricing">BigQuery pricing</a></li> <li><a href="/pubsub/pricing">Pub/Sub pricing</a></li> <li><a href="/stackdriver/pricing#logging-cost">Cloud Logging pricing</a></li> </ul> <li> <a href="/vpc/network-pricing#network-telemetry">VPC flow log generation charges</a> apply when you send and then exclude your Virtual Private Cloud flow logs from Cloud Logging.</li> </li> </ul> <h2 id="whats_next" data-text="What's next" tabindex="-1">What's next</h2> <ul> <li>Learn how to <a href="/logging/docs/audit/understanding-audit-logs">read and understand audit logs</a>.</li> <li>Learn how to <a href="/logging/docs/audit/configure-data-access">enable Data Access audit logs</a>.</li> <li>Review <a href="/logging/docs/audit/best-practices">best practices</a> for Cloud Audit Logs.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Learn about <a href="/assured-workloads/access-transparency/docs/overview">Access Transparency</a>, which provides logs of actions taken by Google Cloud staff when accessing your Google Cloud content.</li> </ul> <devsite-hats-survey class="nocontent" hats-id="Nd7nTix2o0eU5NUYprb0ThtUc5jf" listnr-id="83405"></devsite-hats-survey> </div> <devsite-thumb-rating position="footer"> </devsite-thumb-rating> <devsite-feedback position="footer" project-name="Cloud Logging" product-id="714033" bucket="Documentation" context="Logging docs feedback link" version="t-devsite-webserver-20241114-r00-rc02.464922260396498922" data-label="Send Feedback Button" track-type="feedback" track-name="sendFeedbackLink" track-metadata-position="footer" class="nocontent" project-icon="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/cloud/images/favicons/onecloud/super_cloud.png" > <button> Send feedback </button> </devsite-feedback> <div class="devsite-floating-action-buttons"> </div> </article> <devsite-content-footer class="nocontent"> <p>Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License</a>, and code samples are licensed under the <a href="https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache 2.0 License</a>. 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