CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '914d6b40d8b8fd37',cH: 'HNEBcwQzptM24BlUfD3WvoJ1bKc.Uqir_DLh61ewxTM-1740043207-1.2.1.1-BtRrg_nUHT.cPUZbbxhZuBhoApC3lpEkSIm1jiE4zSBzx4B.t9DEqkUm0Y1jXbSw',cUPMDTk: "\/search?q=International%20cooperation&__cf_chl_tk=quhi1x6V8KX7j5okpwZxUJma9cwD_6zDaUhLYI4jDZY-1740043207-1.0.1.1-Kll3Lg.guw_XDgUQwDqxBqgLCyWJsABoqMDX0FpsWvc",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1740043207',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "unsupported-browser",fa: "\/search?q=International%20cooperation&__cf_chl_f_tk=quhi1x6V8KX7j5okpwZxUJma9cwD_6zDaUhLYI4jDZY-1740043207-1.0.1.1-Kll3Lg.guw_XDgUQwDqxBqgLCyWJsABoqMDX0FpsWvc",md: "5487VfWVCi3Rqg8dg2yNrg2B_zlhBYmG1vyU8B.DAyI-1740043207-1.2.1.1-E4JbQD4VZD0khQRNF_Jn5mcMUObcD7401K7Q7oUgcRmIQnZMX9pAuLzdBX0SBfxeuI1meuY.yOnKyoPrGyM_7DjThpMXYVKMWkLoqoXLP4cbw0Pn18HMYVB7edkA4U.6o7fWcBq55JQmKnu2NDpsIenE3hODcbQYscxmWrOZ9QVhGLcXSno6mPxgk.mO4jffotAmX02KsHBX.m3YQRjuPuV4Wbilu1aQ7N_JbLg.Gzaw_ShZOoGSjqSg6dntu7ISeyFdRaI7Dtdbz_vLCKDiaimqevAi9tSd.0b2ImPOB6U1QVr3XKQ.bKYoBZrFwzuCbsf3xXocwjQ1nCOnAS5RL59A_Yf3F5ObxR1zyyyJTpylN.5rey0winGsYSsXmK3IU3Ilc2nAsRgZF_WqTzFLl14lOgvm57ekNvLev_BtNTaPfD5Y5nm_sBVfQ_wqIHna9NkHY542Brhsbo2zvOULvHufnlXV8QPQlLmTiCRPJze3ZH6Mazn5lS8PcqGbwH29y24r8i0SWnjfM_4tuxV.N6NSrEBbm4qwMyR..vnrva8e452sDmSlG0bBuW0GpgIwrtA.JRrxVkwsfaYrzy.HiyQu4SCWecVe2kexdvZJWGEPPLtvDSKo1_hPgXiljijBCrSIS_jNDMofu3AbVMZkwJq_a4cH9JzaZX8AKoBkaAqCKrHuo7oCoe7IrWoEOY_MIB5a_ZVPWOE0868FEIp_8vJzX_HtgNT1iqMqCRwK4UBVZ0lXd4lwdWgnoD_iYOCLgrILp2b9XILecCtvEp_evkGTo7cM2Wi854LduDBd4GHDUn6q60SMiBu_5viGlVTpgMwcKB1xelb8ViQdsSLLWf6TK07ZqZ5LyoyLvzBd3SvjFUoy3hXkzQypBuUFw7bAGAv4HspDcpyS6LHpi6Bsq57DaNWAK9aFjE2m82BPstJ8Ic.s3olQHVezbhWNc84CshyWaCW.k77TEUOgmIcjdSYc7MrVsqYvb.FMEgweyVuStMZyvQ9kIhPAYYFk9r25HeyodpbdwDdNoxPuURqpseUuQ_rpezZFx44Sepl8O6G.ldx38Xq3eawTkoY97SmXf7.0Wscr7Ojo4hV_pfn3r5ouu7GR1cLsBt0INy7ztQp6qGrHJIgKTiZvUxdtkgnNe5QLSgdmiWpcZl4Pbgh72h1daBpVbISZJeAmYgPutKAD6sK0DIhOS3kHwMMzIdFJQ2ULOUQRS3GZdI8TH9OJdUjifgVg7SB0PuXdB6wLuQYIai56iSGY2s1OBTSZO8YGj8F_tU5MeFP96cC.vZ6jFBnHr21pibvuENBAkYc2ptZ1.zQ5cRdXfGF3jrAtoBLZt5JhUC95sC0SiIVHuFc6T0u0drr.X1PZrNOOID7ln1VgN5a_wVBOjf6MGy8VTgvroOLePfGZFZBIyZX0ZdXotE5iEwFDkGDlxu.NO89rDozluB_EbS5di0KmGqeD_3GfsDtc1DsVYYj04vEbF0PLiMvakd5yYbIJnBG8YEQ7cjIq5wD1fTaOSCy1hvhsum8uyW.0cwXj50zYHKy33TWIN.cpMw0Vi9q62QlwBSrjC5NbtL5qKY26RRRtFS9Ks2qg2Jv2lzFiEpHPfDTwYpA8M28X4j8g0_nQxB7ihKrvdnaZVnHX.B192FrqwTL6lyz7gbtzg9n9k0c61KDPKD7kk1uK2PXuadSQe.j9hC0QR92mkeSb0UkOrKHAl4GF8oxHZeDfpLW8.F.kT1kLAXaSks41DSyAEbk21aI5v5zmTLOhIk_w5KOajPwfvYErjZmo2QqnhrErWtHDFxaoKbsseDdOr9SvOKzgRYcjD8uOzpaItdjIQRaRu_oOJiHUDUmR4_7eJoRhg8FUUkWu1GVLhS9cHoNN1Ivt5bxjKYOf6oxOqrBF.NdNFGcn9SBHaNMH3xbdUY1HH7nM4PXo_zm3ORFYJeDP9e5D7rfXv3_kE_k",mdrd: "NmOnvZDgxk3G73el6LpUtnEiftV1vlSUI.DYuKwCX_M-1740043207-1.2.1.1-UWA6vLuzFKGNpdmDi0cMx0Xjl2mGdZ2bYuX4GFsa68Ho9gj4Vd.9guQQ69b191eXIw3blHXfWv91ysHoyypPTAyF6eRLSoyLW6UX3NO3byk7UfPaq2x4mmEFnHBiX.26eVlW5shnsnUez2qzE4NwmGw.E2XXL5PyUgVlOdhyuSsUCoznOORTcG2s4GjhcqEiW.kUk7Em3uKujFD244PAAH.K3GO.y4781jabU.Kdv9V8HmRNu7ARg1gGjcTl1Z5F065keEa0GuzMlnuaZKrjLsEp8Og.webmoan1L_1s1dDhEI2AGsEBYZV.Z98q_KSh7tsMMRvi37K2iJEZSSWAxRPp4vuDXA_F5q.5o6cUosyeUFy9cYlfLfHPYDi1x1ZH.wPXLo8hs6MXerwd6nZ2FIxMiqkpJA4KYlWmWwxMk1o9FYHrvHSO6fynim5ukzutRWN9ynhXKly2uWuLVLGAtcojISXgScACk1MiVsZAd_.C8JCfZBCtZ4HBA7E4Tnv7U1vtgr3DmTMSb3CDIvvTq5Xydsp9VAu_1LMIjUglaYtDxm0CZIADCp6ALiVFsI60XBgUmrf3pQ7lZ2lirsb_hGICQy2dWJeh1U_VvtYgPxyywQRG43wGFeBB2C065XGfcaatq37Hl5J4QW6vvsTkjfs6doy_HR.Dh0TK3lXbTyTACnnP2YAVv5cPPrd0DyM8QP.bulYTivRthCQmPpylQm6wMHbeW89WdGop3rVf8996iepkdZ7xFIeV2zhjOdrU47GVmKssOkqlDbNnsEBnxxcU0w0UY8nkxZZQb4rVCS5.BK0uzA7uWJbpq.S8_ch6NVHq..WDLZ9OLv89faKfitinGwQkLdjHfhP0Z5wrlYxTkAG1EXfXhKvOmVvF.fXdwcoxF82BVWIFjQIeV.LGORFQKxe23lb80l_jaXWR12a7kkJFLnWMorMUizASSX6FeeItQL02Yesv1FrkdT7h3pUW293nqYf.X4TY8At7lqMpbJzTKQkmEk5TMd7RCwAvqKAhMVdKkd3n1GV65cWBCEbfG2_b1ROveghN67qCrWvxPU9IxQV6jedO5hYukmi2mJahPjvh0WUfkWIK_McmuJe4f8vlhivDzC0R1hNsDZ7p9kXuvxVCcZ.aZlA.nOR.3diCEFrfmyXclSu7Md1IOngIV73X6AutptIECYo_UXQsZqn35Pz_Ev6uzC95XiD8y8iSQ26V5Xp_F5b_jHBUv4032ORIbQeChOiq5O3HXoeCMZvjQALQHS8RNfhBuHwMnc3syIkSuneToxQA6Bn5Mb9gs6wZIOxAeywa7ZStug.8yZqXThtLlpAhpFmxOJhT8fVUkw.8clNbei5SDhK0MaI2B1.eAxFK54YXxWySfnX6PcPRmZSI2Ewp_tsFEHij4BgB6K43ifOGewjTHm6XvKWrpGFwU5BlggCYB91DlVXkWwWX9ixDvS3QjZyqHX.dZDITmDhsFIIxRJwiu8CD3vf1rwcky.oHQadSGr7_tEw7Yg1u2G2W6AMEahyYSDPB5.duHFlAGPBY3D40CBTRE2etw1ezW43oY922v0MiTpej6mzCRH300mgt5yfPiLAxret6xpi3c2_YRa_6Ic5jzsbi_AP9ZbNGfEPn_3NuyARyADfL5K1J.hFL5JRoJhLtUufbYchD50klDfTNB8PCX1tg2H0A7wCQmlox39rck7t_TUJDnn2NPHYwzoIfFcGLpufciOwJtGWvmYJrz913BOwB2sk3VQKIdCKF7C9j0LzGJOjGbOToavgK40JV67kmaqZm82r3AGKvSkb2ODrGO8bH3Ji6hZcIj2rx7Gg6cu2gcbrwpd29fGsvTuFDXgmLaNqvX3uK74SmIo.Gg3z8OuVxYqZuC.eAp05V5sBW.4T7uVxb9VtYX7A6zxn4nu018YtWZqPgBWwqgMIK9H5FhjDGosEqNRMiruspTo5ujVCqjJJDnqAxlU_WIFoFiZob"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=914d6b40d8b8fd37';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/search?q=International%20cooperation&__cf_chl_rt_tk=quhi1x6V8KX7j5okpwZxUJma9cwD_6zDaUhLYI4jDZY-1740043207-1.0.1.1-Kll3Lg.guw_XDgUQwDqxBqgLCyWJsABoqMDX0FpsWvc" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>