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.hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about members of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> from the historical South. For the segregationist third party active in 1948, see <a href="/wiki/Dixiecrat" title="Dixiecrat">Dixiecrat</a>.</div> Southern Democrats are members of the U.S. <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="History of the Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> who reside in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern United States</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style> Before the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, Southern Democrats were mostly <a href="/wiki/White_Americans" title="White Americans">whites</a> living in the South who believed in <a href="/wiki/Jacksonian_democracy" title="Jacksonian democracy">Jacksonian democracy</a>. In the 19th century, they defended <a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_the_United_States" title="Slavery in the United States">slavery in the United States</a> and promoted its expansion into the Western United States against the <a href="/wiki/Free_Soil" class="mw-redirect" title="Free Soil">Free Soil</a> opposition in the Northern United States. The <a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_presidential_election" title="1860 United States presidential election">United States presidential election of 1860</a> formalized the split in the Democratic Party and brought about the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Reconstruction Era">Reconstruction Era</a> ended in the late 1870s, so-called <a href="/wiki/Redeemers" title="Redeemers">redeemers</a> were Southern Democrats who controlled all the southern states and <a href="/wiki/Disfranchisement_after_the_Reconstruction_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Disfranchisement after the Reconstruction Era">disenfranchised</a> African-Americans. The monopoly that the Democratic Party held over most of the South showed signs of breaking apart in 1948, when many white Southern Democrats—upset by the policies of <a href="/wiki/Desegregation_in_the_United_States" title="Desegregation in the United States">desegregation</a> enacted during the administration of Democratic President <a href="/wiki/Harry_Truman" class="mw-redirect" title="Harry Truman">Harry Truman</a>—created the <a href="/wiki/States_Rights_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="States Rights Democratic Party">States Rights Democratic Party</a>. This new party, commonly referred to as the "<a href="/wiki/Dixiecrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Dixiecrats">Dixiecrats</a>", nominated South Carolina Governor <a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">Strom Thurmond</a> for president. The new party collapsed after Truman won the <a href="/wiki/1948_United_States_presidential_election" title="1948 United States presidential election">1948 United States presidential election</a>. Despite being a Southern Democrat himself, President <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> signed the <a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1964" title="Civil Rights Act of 1964">Civil Rights Act of 1964</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965" title="Voting Rights Act of 1965">Voting Rights Act of 1965</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Kaiser2023-3">[3]</a> These actions led to heavy opposition from Southern Democrats.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> Many scholars have stated that southern whites shifted to the Republican Party after a civil rights culture change and accepted <a href="/wiki/Social_conservatism" title="Social conservatism">social conservatism</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Issue_Evolution-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> Republicans first dominated presidential elections in the South, then won a majority of Southern gubernatorial and congressional elections after the 1994 <a href="/wiki/Republican_Revolution" title="Republican Revolution">Republican Revolution</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Junn-2020-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-nationalreview.com-10">[10]</a> By the 21st century, and especially after the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_elections" title="2010 United States elections">2010 midterm elections</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a> had gained a solid advantage over the Democratic Party in most southern states.<a href="#cite_note-The_long_goodbye-11">[11]</a> Southern Democrats of the 21st century tend to be more progressive than their predecessors.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History">1 History</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#1828%E2%80%931861">1.1 1828–1861</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#1861%E2%80%931933">1.2 1861–1933</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#1933%E2%80%931981">1.3 1933–1981</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#1981%E2%80%932008">1.4 1981–2008</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#2009%E2%80%93present">1.5 2009–present</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Election_results">2 Election results</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Noted_Southern_Democrats">3 Noted Southern Democrats</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Southern_Democratic_U.S._Presidents_and_Vice_Presidents">3.1 Southern Democratic U.S. Presidents and Vice Presidents</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Incumbent_Southern_Democratic_elected_officeholders">3.2 Incumbent Southern Democratic elected officeholders</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#19th-century_Southern_Democrats">3.3 19th-century Southern Democrats</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#20th-century_Southern_Democrats">3.4 20th-century Southern Democrats</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#21st-century_Southern_Democrats_(deceased)">3.5 21st-century Southern Democrats (deceased)</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#21st-century_Southern_Democrats_(living)">3.6 21st-century Southern Democrats (living)</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#Southern_Democratic_presidential_tickets">4 Southern Democratic presidential tickets</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#See_also">5 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#Notes">6 Notes</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="#References">7 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="#Further_reading">8 Further reading</a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><h2 id="History">History</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1828–1861">1828–1861</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1828–1861" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the United States Democratic Party">History of the United States Democratic Party</a></div> The title of "Democrat" has its beginnings in the South, going back to the founding of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">Democratic-Republican Party</a> in 1793 by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a>. It held to small government principles and distrusted the national government. Foreign policy was a major issue. After being the dominant party in <a href="/wiki/Politics_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics in the United States">U.S. politics</a> from 1801 to 1829, the Democratic-Republicans split into two factions by 1828: the federalist <a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Republican Party (United States)">National Republicans</a> (who became the <a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whigs</a>), and the Democrats. The Democrats and Whigs were evenly balanced in the 1830s and 1840s. However, by the 1850s, the Whigs disintegrated. Other opposition parties emerged but the Democrats were dominant. <a href="/wiki/Northern_Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Democrats">Northern Democrats</a> were in serious opposition to Southern Democrats on the issue of slavery; Northern Democrats, led by Stephen Douglas, believed in <a href="/wiki/Popular_Sovereignty" class="mw-redirect" title="Popular Sovereignty">Popular Sovereignty</a>—letting the people of the territories vote on slavery. The Southern Democrats, reflecting the views of the late <a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">John C. Calhoun</a>, insisted slavery was national. The Democrats controlled the national government from 1853 until 1861, and presidents Pierce and Buchanan were friendly to Southern interests. In the North, the newly formed anti-slavery <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="History of the Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a> came to power and dominated the electoral college. In the <a href="/wiki/U.S._presidential_election,_1860" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. presidential election, 1860">1860 presidential election</a>, the Republicans nominated <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a>, but the divide among Democrats led to the nomination of two candidates: <a href="/wiki/John_C._Breckinridge" title="John C. Breckinridge">John C. Breckinridge</a> of Kentucky represented Southern Democrats, and <a href="/wiki/Stephen_A._Douglas" title="Stephen A. Douglas">Stephen A. Douglas</a> of Illinois represented Northern Democrats. Nevertheless, the Republicans had a majority of the electoral vote regardless of how the opposition split or joined and Abraham Lincoln was elected. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1861–1933">1861–1933</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1861–1933" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DemocraticSolidSouth_1876-1964.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/DemocraticSolidSouth_1876-1964.png/250px-DemocraticSolidSouth_1876-1964.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="158" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="598" data-file-height="377"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 158px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/DemocraticSolidSouth_1876-1964.png/250px-DemocraticSolidSouth_1876-1964.png" data-width="250" data-height="158" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/DemocraticSolidSouth_1876-1964.png/375px-DemocraticSolidSouth_1876-1964.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/DemocraticSolidSouth_1876-1964.png/500px-DemocraticSolidSouth_1876-1964.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Arkansas voted Democratic in all 23 presidential elections from 1876 through 1964; other states were not quite as solid but generally supported Democrats for president.</figcaption></figure> After the election of <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a>, Southern Democrats led the charge to secede from the <a href="/wiki/Union_(American_Civil_War)" title="Union (American Civil War)">Union</a> and establish the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States</a>. The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> was dominated by Republicans; a notable exception was Democrat <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a>, the only senator from a state in rebellion to reject secession. The <a href="/wiki/Border_states_(American_Civil_War)" title="Border states (American Civil War)">Border States</a> or Border South of Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri of the Upper South were torn by political turmoil. Kentucky and Missouri were both governed by pro-secessionist Southern Democratic Governors who vehemently rejected <a href="/wiki/President_Lincoln%27s_75,000_Volunteers" class="mw-redirect" title="President Lincoln's 75,000 Volunteers">Lincoln's call for 75,000 troops</a>. Kentucky and Missouri both held secession conventions, but neither officially declared secession, leading to split Unionist and Confederate state governments in both states. Southern Democrats in Maryland faced a Unionist Governor <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Holliday_Hicks" title="Thomas Holliday Hicks">Thomas Holliday Hicks</a> and the Union Army. Armed with the suspension of <a href="/wiki/Habeas_corpus" title="Habeas corpus">habeas corpus</a> and Union troops, Governor Hicks was able to stop Maryland's secession movement. Maryland was the only state south of the Mason–Dixon line whose governor affirmed Lincoln's call for 75,000 troops. After secession, the Democratic vote in the North split between the <a href="/wiki/War_Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="War Democrats">War Democrats</a> and the Peace Democrats or "<a href="/wiki/Copperhead_(politics)" title="Copperhead (politics)">Copperheads</a>". The War Democrats voted for Lincoln in the <a href="/wiki/1864_United_States_presidential_election" title="1864 United States presidential election">1864 election</a>, and Lincoln had a War Democrat — <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a> — on his ticket. In the South, during Reconstruction the White Republican element, called "<a href="/wiki/Scalawags" class="mw-redirect" title="Scalawags">Scalawags</a>" became smaller and smaller as more and more joined the Democrats. In the North, most War Democrats returned to the Democrats, and when the "<a href="/wiki/Panic_of_1873" title="Panic of 1873">Panic of 1873</a>" hit, the Republican Party was blamed and the Democrats gained control of the House of Representatives in 1875. The Democrats emphasized that since Jefferson and Jackson they had been the party of <a href="/wiki/States_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="States rights">states rights</a>, which added to their appeal in the White South. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Democrats, led by the dominant Southern wing, had a strong representation in Congress. They won both houses in 1912 and elected <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a>, a New Jersey academic with deep Southern roots and a strong base among the Southern middle class. The Republican Party regained Congress in 1919. Southern Democrats held powerful positions in Congress during the Wilson Administration, with one study noting “Though comprising only about half of the Democratic senators and slightly over two-fifths of the Democratic representatives, the southerners made up a large majority of the party’s senior members in the two houses. They exerted great weight in the two Democratic caucuses and headed almost all of the important congressional committees.”<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> From 1896 to 1912 and 1921 to 1931, the Democrats were relegated to second place status in national politics and didn't control a single branch of the federal government despite universal dominance in most of the "<a href="/wiki/Solid_South" title="Solid South">Solid South</a>." In <a href="/wiki/1928_United_States_presidential_election" title="1928 United States presidential election">1928</a> several Southern states dallied with voting Republican in supporting <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a> over the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_the_United_States" title="Catholic Church in the United States">Roman Catholic</a> <a href="/wiki/Al_Smith" title="Al Smith">Al Smith</a>, but the behavior was short lived as the <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Crash_1929" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Crash 1929">Stock Market Crash of 1929</a> returned Republicans to disfavor throughout the South. Nationally, Republicans lost Congress in January 1931 and the White House in March 1933 by huge margins. By this time, too, the Democratic Party leadership began to change its tone somewhat on racial politics. With the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a> gripping the nation, and with the lives of most Americans disrupted, the assisting of African-Americans in American society was seen as necessary by the new government. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1933–1981">1933–1981</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1933–1981" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> During the 1930s, as the <a href="/wiki/New_Deal" title="New Deal">New Deal</a> began to move Democrats as a whole to the left in economic policy, Southern Democrats were mostly supportive, although by the late 1930s there was a growing <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">conservative faction</a>. Both factions supported Roosevelt's foreign policies. By 1948 the protection of segregation led Democrats in the Deep South to reject Truman and run a third party ticket of <a href="/wiki/Dixiecrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Dixiecrats">Dixiecrats</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1948_United_States_presidential_election" title="1948 United States presidential election">1948 United States presidential election</a>. After 1964, Southern Democrats lost major battles during the <a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil Rights Movement">Civil Rights Movement</a>. Federal laws ended segregation and restrictions on black voters. During the Civil Rights Movement, Democrats in the South initially still voted loyally with their party. After the signing of the <a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1964" title="Civil Rights Act of 1964">Civil Rights Act of 1964</a>, the old argument that all Whites had to stick together to prevent civil rights legislation lost its force because the legislation had now been passed. More and more Whites began to vote Republican, especially in the suburbs and growing cities. Newcomers from the North were mostly Republican; they were now joined by conservatives and wealthy Southern Whites, while liberal Whites and poor Whites, especially in rural areas, remained with the Democratic Party.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> The <a href="/wiki/New_Deal" title="New Deal">New Deal</a> program of <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin Delano Roosevelt</a> (FDR) generally united the party factions for over three decades, since Southerners, like Northern urban populations, were hit particularly hard and generally benefited from the massive governmental relief program. FDR was adept at holding White Southerners in the coalition<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> while simultaneously beginning the erosion of Black voters away from their then-characteristic Republican preferences. The Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s catalyzed the end of this Democratic Party coalition of interests by magnetizing Black voters to the Democratic label and simultaneously ending White supremacist control of the Democratic Party apparatus.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> A series of court decisions, rendering primary elections as public instead of private events administered by the parties, essentially freed the Southern region to change more toward the two-party behavior of most of the rest of the nation. In the presidential elections of <a href="/wiki/U.S._presidential_election,_1952" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. presidential election, 1952">1952</a> and <a href="/wiki/U.S._presidential_election,_1956" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. presidential election, 1956">1956</a> Republican nominee <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a>, a popular <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> <a href="/wiki/General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">general</a>, won several Southern states, thus breaking some White Southerners away from their Democratic Party pattern. The <a href="/wiki/Seniority_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Seniority in the United States Senate">senior</a> position of Southern Congressmen and Senators, and the discipline of many groups such as the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Caucus" title="Southern Caucus">Southern Caucus</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> meant that Civil Rights initiatives tended to be blunted despite popular support. The passage of the <a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1964" title="Civil Rights Act of 1964">Civil Rights Act of 1964</a> was a significant event in converting the <a href="/wiki/Deep_South" title="Deep South">Deep South</a> to the Republican Party; in that year most <a href="/wiki/U.S._senator" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. senator">Senatorial</a> Republicans supported the Act (most of the opposition came from Southern Democrats). From the end of the Civil War to 1961 Democrats had solid control over the southern states on the national level, hence the term "<a href="/wiki/Solid_South" title="Solid South">Solid South</a>" to describe the states' Democratic preference. After the passage of this Act, however, their willingness to support Republicans on a national level increased demonstrably. In 1964, Republican presidential nominee <a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Goldwater</a>, who had voted against the Civil Rights Act,<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> won many of the "Solid South" states over Democratic presidential nominee <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a>, himself a <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texan</a>, and with many this Republican support continued and seeped down the ballot to congressional, state, and ultimately local levels. A further significant item of legislation was the <a href="/wiki/Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965" title="Voting Rights Act of 1965">Voting Rights Act of 1965</a>, which targeted for preclearance by the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Justice">U.S. Department of Justice</a> any election-law change in areas where African-American voting participation was lower than the norm (most but not all of these areas were in the South); the effect of the Voting Rights Act on southern elections was profound, including the by-product that some White Southerners perceived it as meddling while Black voters universally appreciated it. Nixon aide Kevin Phillips told The New York Times in 1970 that "Negrophobe" Whites would quit the Democrats if Republicans enforced the Voting Rights Act and blacks registered as Democrats.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> The trend toward acceptance of Republican identification among Southern White voters was bolstered in the next two elections by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg/170px-JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="209" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1650" data-file-height="2027"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 209px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg/170px-JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg" data-width="170" data-height="209" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg/255px-JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg/340px-JimmyCarterPortrait2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>39th U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Southern_Democrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Democrat">Southern Democrat</a> from the state of <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> and the longest-lived president in U.S. history.</figcaption></figure> Denouncing the <a href="/wiki/Forced_busing" class="mw-redirect" title="Forced busing">forced busing</a> policy that was used to enforce school desegregation,<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> courted populist conservative Southern Whites with what is called the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Strategy" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Strategy">Southern Strategy</a>, though his speechwriter <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Hart" title="Jeffrey Hart">Jeffrey Hart</a> claimed that his campaign rhetoric was actually a "<a href="/wiki/Border_states_(American_Civil_War)" title="Border states (American Civil War)">Border State</a> Strategy" and accused the press of being "very lazy" when they called it a "Southern Strategy".<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> In the 1971 <a href="/wiki/Swann_v._Charlotte-Mecklenburg_Board_of_Education" title="Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education">Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education</a> ruling, the power of the federal government to enforce forced busing was strengthened when the Supreme Court ruled that the federal courts had the discretion to include busing as a desegregation tool to achieve racial balance. Some southern Democrats became Republicans at the national level, while remaining with their old party in state and local politics throughout the 1970s and 1980s. Several prominent conservative Democrats switched parties to become Republicans, including <a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">Strom Thurmond</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Connally" title="John Connally">John Connally</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mills_E._Godwin_Jr" class="mw-redirect" title="Mills E. Godwin Jr">Mills E. Godwin Jr</a>.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> In the 1974 <a href="/wiki/Milliken_v._Bradley" title="Milliken v. Bradley">Milliken v. Bradley</a> decision, however, the ability to use forced busing as a political tactic was greatly diminished when the U.S. Supreme Court placed an important limitation on Swann and ruled that students could only be bused across district lines if evidence of <a href="/wiki/De_jure_segregation" class="mw-redirect" title="De jure segregation">de jure segregation</a> across multiple school districts existed. In <a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">1976</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Georgia" title="Governor of Georgia">Georgia</a> governor <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> won every Southern state except Oklahoma and Virginia in his successful presidential campaign as a Democrat, being the last Democratic presidential candidate to win a majority of the states in the South as of 2024. In <a href="/wiki/U.S._presidential_election,_1980" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. presidential election, 1980">1980</a> Republican presidential nominee <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> won every southern state except for Georgia, although Alabama, Mississippi, South Carolina, Arkansas, North Carolina and Tennessee were all decided by less than 3%. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1981–2008">1981–2008</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1981–2008" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In 1980, Republican presidential nominee <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> announced that he supported "states' rights."<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> <a href="/wiki/Lee_Atwater" title="Lee Atwater">Lee Atwater</a>, who served as Reagan's chief strategist in the Southern states, claimed that by 1968, a vast majority of southern Whites had learned to accept that racial slurs like "<a href="/wiki/Nigger" title="Nigger">nigger</a>" were offensive and that mentioning "states rights" and reasons for its justification, along with <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_conservatism" title="Fiscal conservatism">fiscal conservatism</a> and opposition to social programs understood by many White southerners to disproportionally benefit Black Americans, had now become the best way to appeal to southern White voters.<a href="#cite_note-Branch-24">[24]</a> Following Reagan's success at the national level, the Republican Party moved sharply to the <a href="/wiki/New_Right" title="New Right">New Right</a>, with the shrinkage of the "Eastern Establishment" <a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Republican" title="Rockefeller Republican">Rockefeller Republican</a> element that had emphasized their support for civil rights.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Economic and cultural conservatism (especially regarding <a href="/wiki/Anti-abortion_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-abortion movement">abortion</a> and <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the United States">LGBT rights</a>) became more important in the South, with its large religious right element, such as <a href="/wiki/Southern_Baptists" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Baptists">Southern Baptists</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Bible_Belt" title="Bible Belt">Bible Belt</a>.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> The South gradually became fertile ground for the Republican Party. Following the <a href="/wiki/Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965" title="Voting Rights Act of 1965">Voting Rights Act of 1965</a>, the large Black vote in the South held steady but overwhelmingly favored the Democratic Party. Even as the Democratic party came to increasingly depend on the support of African-American voters in the South, well-established White Democratic incumbents still held sway in most Southern states for decades. Starting in 1964, although the Southern states split their support between parties in most presidential elections, conservative Democrats controlled nearly every Southern state legislature until the mid-1990s. On the eve of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Revolution" title="Republican Revolution">Republican Revolution</a> in 1994, Democrats still held a 2:1 advantage over the Republicans in southern congressional seats. Only in 2011 did the Republicans capture a majority of Southern state legislatures, and have continued to hold power over Southern politics for the most part since. Many of the Representatives, Senators, and voters who were referred to as <a href="/wiki/Reagan_Democrat" title="Reagan Democrat">Reagan Democrats</a> in the 1980s were conservative Southern Democrats. They often had <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Democrat" title="Conservative Democrat">more conservative views</a> than other Democrats.<a href="#cite_note-Why-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> But there were notable remnants of the <a href="/wiki/Solid_South" title="Solid South">Solid South</a> into the early 21st century. <ul><li>One example was Arkansas, whose state legislature continued to be majority Democrat (having, however, given its electoral votes to the Republicans in the past three presidential elections, except in <a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">1992</a> and <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">1996</a> when "favorite son" <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> was the candidate and won each time) until 2012, when Arkansas voters selected a 21–14 Republican majority in the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Senate" title="Arkansas Senate">Arkansas Senate</a>.</li> <li>Another example was <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a>. Although the state has voted for Republicans in every presidential election since 1980 except for <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Carolina" title="2008 United States presidential election in North Carolina">2008</a>, the State legislature was in Democratic control until 2010. The North Carolina congressional delegation was heavily Democratic until January 2013 when the Republicans could, after the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010 United States census</a>, adopt a redistricting plan of their choosing.</li></ul> In <a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">1992</a>, Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton was elected president. Unlike Carter, however, Clinton was only able to win the southern states of Arkansas, Louisiana, Kentucky, Tennessee and Georgia. While running for president, Clinton promised to "end welfare as we have come to know it" while in office.<a href="#cite_note-promise-29">[29]</a> In 1996, Clinton would fulfill his campaign promise and the longtime Republican goal of major <a href="/wiki/Welfare_reform" title="Welfare reform">welfare reform</a> came into fruition. After two welfare reform bills sponsored by the Republican-controlled Congress were successfully vetoed by the President,<a href="#cite_note-salonafr-30">[30]</a> a compromise was eventually reached and the <a href="/wiki/Personal_Responsibility_and_Work_Opportunity_Act" title="Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act">Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act</a> was signed into law on August 22, 1996.<a href="#cite_note-promise-29">[29]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/Clinton_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Clinton administration">Clinton administration</a>, the southern strategy shifted towards the so-called "<a href="/wiki/Culture_war" title="Culture war">culture war</a>," which saw major political battles between the <a href="/wiki/Christian_right" title="Christian right">Religious Right</a> and the secular Left. Chapman notes a split vote among many conservative Southern Democrats in the 1970s and 1980s who supported local and statewide conservative Democrats while simultaneously voting for Republican presidential candidates.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> This tendency of many Southern Whites to vote for the Republican presidential candidate but Democrats from other offices lasted until the 2010 midterm elections. In the <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2008 United States House of Representatives elections">November 2008 elections</a>, Democrats won 3 out of 4 U.S. House seats from Mississippi, 3 out of 4 in Arkansas, 5 out of 9 in Tennessee, and achieved near parity in the Georgia and Alabama delegations. Republicans first dominated presidential elections in the South, then won a majority of Southern gubernatorial and congressional elections after the 1994 <a href="/wiki/Republican_Revolution" title="Republican Revolution">Republican Revolution</a>, and finally came to control a majority of Southern <a href="/wiki/State_legislature_(United_States)" title="State legislature (United States)">state legislatures</a> by the 2010s.<a href="#cite_note-The_long_goodbye-11">[11]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2009–present">2009–present</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2009–present" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In 2009, Southern Democrats controlled both branches of the <a href="/wiki/Alabama_General_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="Alabama General Assembly">Alabama General Assembly</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_General_Assembly" title="Arkansas General Assembly">Arkansas General Assembly</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Delaware_General_Assembly" title="Delaware General Assembly">Delaware General Assembly</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_Legislature" title="Louisiana State Legislature">Louisiana State Legislature</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_General_Assembly" title="Maryland General Assembly">Maryland General Assembly</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Legislature" title="Mississippi Legislature">Mississippi Legislature</a>, the <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_General_Assembly" title="North Carolina General Assembly">North Carolina General Assembly</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia_Legislature" title="West Virginia Legislature">West Virginia Legislature</a>, along with the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Council of the District of Columbia">Council of the District of Columbia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_House_of_Representatives" title="Kentucky House of Representatives">Kentucky House of Representatives</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Senate" title="Virginia Senate">Virginia Senate</a>.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> Democrats lost control of the North Carolina and Alabama legislatures in 2010, the Louisiana and Mississippi legislatures in 2011 and the Arkansas legislature in 2012. Additionally, in 2014, Democrats lost four U.S. Senate seats in the South (in West Virginia, North Carolina, Arkansas, and Louisiana) that they had previously held. By 2017, Southern Democrats only controlled both branches of the Delaware General Assembly and the Maryland General Assembly, along with the Council of the District of Columbia; they had lost control of both houses of the state legislatures in Alabama, Arkansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, and West Virginia.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> Nearly all White Democratic representatives in the South lost reelection in the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2010 United States House of Representatives elections">2010 midterm elections</a>. That year, Democrats won only one U.S. House seat each in Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, South Carolina, and Arkansas, and two out of nine House seats in Tennessee, and they lost their one Arkansas seat in 2012. Following the November 2010 elections, <a href="/wiki/John_Barrow_(U.S._politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Barrow (U.S. politician)">John Barrow</a> of Georgia was left as the only <a href="/wiki/White_Americans" title="White Americans">White</a> Democratic U.S. House member in the Deep South, and he lost reelection in 2014. There would no more White Democrats from the Deep South until <a href="/wiki/Joe_Cunningham_(American_politician)" title="Joe Cunningham (American politician)">Joe Cunningham</a> was elected from a <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="South Carolina's 1st congressional district">South Carolina U.S. House district</a> in 2018, and he lost re-election in 2020. However, even since January 2015, Democrats have not been completely shut out of power in the South. Democrat <a href="/wiki/John_Bel_Edwards" title="John Bel Edwards">John Bel Edwards</a> was elected governor of Louisiana in <a href="/wiki/2015_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="2015 Louisiana gubernatorial election">2015</a> and won re-election in <a href="/wiki/2019_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="2019 Louisiana gubernatorial election">2019</a>, running as an <a href="/wiki/Anti-abortion_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-abortion movement">anti-abortion</a>, pro-gun <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Democrat" title="Conservative Democrat">conservative Democrat</a>. In a <a href="/wiki/2017_United_States_Senate_special_election_in_Alabama" title="2017 United States Senate special election in Alabama">2017 special election</a>, moderate Democrat <a href="/wiki/Doug_Jones_(politician)" title="Doug Jones (politician)">Doug Jones</a> was elected a U.S. Senator from Alabama, though he lost re-election in <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Senate_election_in_Alabama" title="2020 United States Senate election in Alabama">2020</a>. Democrat <a href="/wiki/Roy_Cooper" title="Roy Cooper">Roy Cooper</a> was elected governor of North Carolina in <a href="/wiki/2016_North_Carolina_gubernatorial_election" title="2016 North Carolina gubernatorial election">2016</a> and won re-election in <a href="/wiki/2020_North_Carolina_gubernatorial_election" title="2020 North Carolina gubernatorial election">2020</a>. Southern Democrats saw some additional successes in 2019, as <a href="/wiki/Andy_Beshear" title="Andy Beshear">Andy Beshear</a> was <a href="/wiki/2019_Kentucky_gubernatorial_election" title="2019 Kentucky gubernatorial election">elected governor</a> of Kentucky and won re-election in <a href="/wiki/2023_Kentucky_gubernatorial_election" title="2023 Kentucky gubernatorial election">2023</a>. As of February 2024, Democrats control the governorships of Kentucky, North Carolina, Maryland, and Delaware and the state legislatures of Maryland, Delaware, and Virginia. <a href="/wiki/Joe_Manchin" title="Joe Manchin">Joe Manchin</a> would be the last Democrat to win statewide in West Virginia in 2018. Manchin managed to escape the gravity of partisanship, even despite it being in a state Trump won by 40 points. He later switched to Independent status, before ultimately declining to run for re-election. Since 2017, most U.S. House or state legislative seats held by Democrats in the South are <a href="/wiki/Majority-minority" class="mw-redirect" title="Majority-minority">majority-minority</a> or urban districts. Due to growing urbanization and changing demographics in many Southern states, more liberal Democrats have found success in the South. In the 2018 elections, Democrats nearly succeeded in taking governor's seats in Georgia and Florida and gained 12 national House seats in the South;<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> the trend continued in the 2019 elections, where Democrats took both houses of the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_General_Assembly" title="Virginia General Assembly">Virginia General Assembly</a>, and in 2020 where Joe Biden narrowly won Georgia with Republicans winning down ballot, along with <a href="/wiki/Raphael_Warnock" title="Raphael Warnock">Raphael Warnock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jon_Ossoff" title="Jon Ossoff">Jon Ossoff</a> narrowly winning both U.S. Senate seats in that state just two months later. However, Democrats would lose the governor races in Florida and Georgia in 2022 by wider margins than in 2018, though Senator Warnock won <a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_Senate_election_in_Georgia" title="2022 United States Senate election in Georgia">re-election</a> in Georgia. Virginia is a notable exception to Republican dominance in the former <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">11 Confederate states</a>, due to <a href="/wiki/Northern_Virginia" title="Northern Virginia">Northern Virginia</a> being part of the <a href="/wiki/Washington_metropolitan_area" title="Washington metropolitan area">Washington metropolitan area</a>, with both major parties continuing to be competitive in the State in the 21st century. Dr. <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Northam" title="Ralph Northam">Ralph Northam</a>, a Democrat and the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Virginia" title="Governor of Virginia">governor of Virginia</a> (2018–22), admitted that he voted for <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">2000</a> and <a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">2004</a> presidential elections.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Despite this admission, Northam, a former state Senator who has served as <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Virginia" title="Lieutenant Governor of Virginia">Lieutenant Governor of Virginia</a> from 2014 to 2018, easily defeated the more progressive and cosmopolitan candidate, former Representative <a href="/wiki/Tom_Perriello" title="Tom Perriello">Tom Perriello</a>, by 55.9 percent to 44.1 percent to win the Democratic gubernatorial nomination in 2017.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Both of Virginia's U.S. Senators are Democrats, while the incumbent governor <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Youngkin" title="Glenn Youngkin">Glenn Youngkin</a> is a Republican. As of the 2020s, Southern Democrats who consistently vote for the Democratic ticket are mostly urban liberals or African Americans, while most <a href="/wiki/White_Southerners" title="White Southerners">White Southerners</a> of both genders tend to vote for the Republican ticket, although there are sizable numbers of <a href="/wiki/Swing_voters" class="mw-redirect" title="Swing voters">swing voters</a> who sometimes <a href="/wiki/Split-ticket_voting" title="Split-ticket voting">split their tickets</a> or cross party lines.<a href="#cite_note-Junn-2020-9">[9]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><h2 id="Election_results">Election results</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Election results" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td>Won by <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Biden</a>/<a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Harris</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"> <caption style="text-align: center;">2020 United States presidential election results </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">States / Commonwealth / Federal district </th> <th rowspan="2">United States presidential election </th> <th rowspan="2">Electoral college </th> <th colspan="3" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th># </th> <th>% </th> <th>Change </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>United States presidential election in Alabama </td> <td>9 </td> <td>849,624 </td> <td>36.57% </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </td> <td>United States presidential election in Arkansas </td> <td>6 </td> <td>423,932 </td> <td>34.78% </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a> </td> <td>United States presidential election in Delaware </td> <td>3 </td> <td>296,268 </td> <td>58.74% </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td><a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a> </td> <td>United States presidential election in the District of Columbia </td> <td>3 </td> <td>317,323 </td> <td>92.15% </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Florida </td> <td>United States presidential election in Florida </td> <td>29 </td> <td>5,297,045 </td> <td>47.86% </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>United States presidential election in Georgia </td> <td>16 </td> <td>2,473,633 </td> <td>49.47% </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a> </td> <td>United States presidential election in Kentucky </td> <td>8 </td> <td>772,474 </td> <td>36.15% </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td>United States presidential election in Louisiana </td> <td>8 </td> <td>856,034 </td> <td>39.85% </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td>United States presidential election in Maryland </td> <td>10 </td> <td>1,985,023 </td> <td>65.36% </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a> </td> <td>United States presidential election in Mississippi </td> <td>6 </td> <td>539,398 </td> <td>41.06% </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>United States presidential election in North Carolina </td> <td>15 </td> <td>2,684,292 </td> <td>48.59% </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> </td> <td>United States presidential election in Oklahoma </td> <td>7 </td> <td>503,890 </td> <td>32.29% </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>United States presidential election in South Carolina </td> <td>9 </td> <td>1,091,541 </td> <td>43.43% </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td>United States presidential election in Tennessee </td> <td>11 </td> <td>1,143,711 </td> <td>37.45% </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td>United States presidential election in Texas </td> <td>38 </td> <td>5,259,126 </td> <td>46.48% </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td>United States presidential election in Virginia </td> <td>13 </td> <td>2,413,568 </td> <td>54.11% </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a> </td> <td>United States presidential election in West Virginia </td> <td>5 </td> <td>235,984 </td> <td>29.69% </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"> <caption style="text-align: center;">2020 United States federal elections results </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">States / Commonwealth / Federal district </th> <th rowspan="2">United States Congress </th> <th rowspan="2">Total seats </th> <th colspan="2" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Seats </th> <th>Change </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </th> <td>United States House of Representatives in Alabama </td> <td>7 </td> <td>1 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>United States Senate in Alabama </td> <td>1 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </th> <td>United States House of Representatives in Arkansas </td> <td>4 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>United States Senate in Arkansas </td> <td>1 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a> </th> <td>United States House of Representatives in Delaware </td> <td>1 </td> <td>1 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>United States Senate in Delaware </td> <td>1 </td> <td>1 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a> </th> <td>United States House Delegate for the District of Columbia </td> <td>1 </td> <td>1 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Florida </th> <td>United States House of Representatives in Florida </td> <td>27 </td> <td>11 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 2 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </th> <td>United States House of Representatives in Georgia </td> <td>14 </td> <td>6 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>United States Senate in Georgia </td> <td>2 </td> <td>2 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 2 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a> </th> <td>United States House of Representatives in Kentucky </td> <td>6 </td> <td>1 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>United States Senate in Kentucky </td> <td>1 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </th> <td>United States House of Representatives in Louisiana </td> <td>6 </td> <td>1 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>United States Senate in Louisiana </td> <td>1 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </th> <td>United States House of Representatives in Maryland </td> <td>8 </td> <td>7 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a> </th> <td>United States House of Representatives in Mississippi </td> <td>4 </td> <td>1 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>United States Senate in Mississippi </td> <td>1 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </th> <td>United States House of Representatives in North Carolina </td> <td>13 </td> <td>5 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>United States Senate in North Carolina </td> <td>1 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> </th> <td>United States House of Representatives in Oklahoma </td> <td>5 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>United States Senate in Oklahoma </td> <td>1 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </th> <td>United States House of Representatives in South Carolina </td> <td>7 </td> <td>1 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>United States Senate in South Carolina </td> <td>1 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </th> <td>United States House of Representatives in Tennessee </td> <td>9 </td> <td>2 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>United States Senate in Tennessee </td> <td>1 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </th> <td>United States House of Representatives in Texas </td> <td>36 </td> <td>13 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>United States Senate in Texas </td> <td>1 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </th> <td>United States House of Representatives in Virginia </td> <td>11 </td> <td>7 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>United States Senate in Virginia </td> <td>1 </td> <td>1 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a> </th> <td>United States House of Representatives in West Virginia </td> <td>3 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>United States Senate in West Virginia </td> <td>1 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"> <caption style="text-align: center;">2022 United States gubernatorial elections results </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">States / Commonwealth / Federal district </th> <th rowspan="2">Governors </th> <th rowspan="2">Seat </th> <th style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Change </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Alabama" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Alabama">Governor of Alabama</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Arkansas">Governor of Arkansas</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Florida </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Florida" title="Governor of Florida">Governor of Florida</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Georgia" title="Governor of Georgia">Governor of Georgia</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Maryland" title="Governor of Maryland">Governor of Maryland</a> </td> <td>1 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Oklahoma" title="Governor of Oklahoma">Governor of Oklahoma</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_South_Carolina" title="Governor of South Carolina">Governor of South Carolina</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Tennessee" title="Governor of Tennessee">Governor of Tennessee</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Texas" title="Governor of Texas">Governor of Texas</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"> <caption style="text-align: center;">2018,<a href="#cite_note-37">[a]</a> 2019,<a href="#cite_note-38">[b]</a> 2020 and 2021<a href="#cite_note-39">[c]</a> United States state legislative election results </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">States / Commonwealth / Federal district </th> <th rowspan="2">Legislatures </th> <th rowspan="2">Total seats </th> <th colspan="2" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Seats </th> <th>Change </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama_House_of_Representatives" title="Alabama House of Representatives">Alabama House of Representatives</a> </td> <td>105 </td> <td>28 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alabama_Senate" title="Alabama Senate">Alabama Senate</a> </td> <td>37 </td> <td>8 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_House_of_Representatives" title="Arkansas House of Representatives">Arkansas House of Representatives</a> </td> <td>100 </td> <td>23 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Senate" title="Arkansas Senate">Arkansas Senate</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td>7 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 2 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Delaware_House_of_Representatives" title="Delaware House of Representatives">Delaware House of Representatives</a> </td> <td>41 </td> <td>26 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Senate" title="Delaware Senate">Delaware Senate</a> </td> <td>10 </td> <td>8 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 2 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Council of the District of Columbia">Council of the District of Columbia</a> </td> <td>13 </td> <td>11 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Florida </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida_House_of_Representatives" title="Florida House of Representatives">Florida House of Representatives</a> </td> <td>120 </td> <td>42 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Florida_Senate" title="Florida Senate">Florida Senate</a> </td> <td>20 </td> <td>9 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_House_of_Representatives" title="Georgia House of Representatives">Georgia House of Representatives</a> </td> <td>180 </td> <td>77 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgia Senate">Georgia Senate</a> </td> <td>56 </td> <td>22 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_House_of_Representatives" title="Kentucky House of Representatives">Kentucky House of Representatives</a> </td> <td>100 </td> <td>25 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 14 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Senate" title="Kentucky Senate">Kentucky Senate</a> </td> <td>19 </td> <td>5 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 2 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_House_of_Representatives" title="Louisiana House of Representatives">Louisiana House of Representatives</a> </td> <td>105 </td> <td>35 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisiana Senate">Louisiana Senate</a> </td> <td>39 </td> <td>12 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 2 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland_House_of_Delegates" title="Maryland House of Delegates">Maryland House of Delegates</a> </td> <td>141 </td> <td>99 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Senate" title="Maryland Senate">Maryland Senate</a> </td> <td>47 </td> <td>32 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_House_of_Representatives" title="Mississippi House of Representatives">Mississippi House of Representatives</a> </td> <td>122 </td> <td>46 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_State_Senate" title="Mississippi State Senate">Mississippi State Senate</a> </td> <td>52 </td> <td>16 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 3 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_House_of_Representatives" title="North Carolina House of Representatives">North Carolina House of Representatives</a> </td> <td>120 </td> <td>51 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Senate" title="North Carolina Senate">North Carolina Senate</a> </td> <td>50 </td> <td>22 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_House_of_Representatives" title="Oklahoma House of Representatives">Oklahoma House of Representatives</a> </td> <td>101 </td> <td>19 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Senate" title="Oklahoma Senate">Oklahoma Senate</a> </td> <td>24 </td> <td>2 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_House_of_Representatives" title="South Carolina House of Representatives">South Carolina House of Representatives</a> </td> <td>123 </td> <td>42 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_Senate" title="South Carolina Senate">South Carolina Senate</a> </td> <td>46 </td> <td>16 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 3 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_House_of_Representatives" title="Tennessee House of Representatives">Tennessee House of Representatives</a> </td> <td>99 </td> <td>26 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Senate" title="Tennessee Senate">Tennessee Senate</a> </td> <td>16 </td> <td>2 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas_House_of_Representatives" title="Texas House of Representatives">Texas House of Representatives</a> </td> <td>150 </td> <td>67 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas_Senate" title="Texas Senate">Texas Senate</a> </td> <td>16 </td> <td>8 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia_House_of_Delegates" title="Virginia House of Delegates">Virginia House of Delegates</a> </td> <td>100 </td> <td>48 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Senate" title="Virginia Senate">Virginia Senate</a> </td> <td>40 </td> <td>21 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 2 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia_House_of_Delegates" title="West Virginia House of Delegates">West Virginia House of Delegates</a> </td> <td>100 </td> <td>24 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 17 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia_Senate" title="West Virginia Senate">West Virginia Senate</a> </td> <td>34 </td> <td>11 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 3 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"> <caption style="text-align: center;">2018 United States mayoral election results </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Cities </th> <th rowspan="2">Mayors </th> <th rowspan="2">Seat </th> <th style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Change </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin, Texas</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Austin" title="Mayor of Austin">Mayor of Austin</a> </td> <td>1 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Chesapeake,_Virginia" title="Chesapeake, Virginia">Chesapeake, Virginia</a> </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mayor_of_Chesapeake,_Virginia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mayor of Chesapeake, Virginia (page does not exist)">Mayor of Chesapeake</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi,_Texas" title="Corpus Christi, Texas">Corpus Christi, Texas</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Corpus_Christi,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor of Corpus Christi, Texas">Mayor of Corpus Christi</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Mayor of the District of Columbia">Mayor of the District of Columbia</a> </td> <td>1 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington, Kentucky</a> </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mayor_of_Lexington,_Kentcuky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mayor of Lexington, Kentcuky (page does not exist)">Mayor of Lexington</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Louisville" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor of Louisville">Mayor of Louisville</a> </td> <td>1 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Lubbock,_Texas" title="Lubbock, Texas">Lubbock, Texas</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Lubbock,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor of Lubbock, Texas">Mayor of Lubbock</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville, Tennessee</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Nashville" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor of Nashville">Mayor of Nashville</a> </td> <td>1 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City</a>, Oklahoma </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Oklahoma_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor of Oklahoma City">Mayor of Oklahoma City</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Beach,_Virginia" title="Virginia Beach, Virginia">Virginia Beach, Virginia</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Virginia_Beach,_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor of Virginia Beach, Virginia">Mayor of Virginia Beach</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 0 </td></tr></tbody></table> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><h2 id="Noted_Southern_Democrats">Noted Southern Democrats</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Noted Southern Democrats" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> Individuals are organized in sections by <a href="/wiki/Chronological" class="mw-redirect" title="Chronological">chronological</a> (century they died or are still alive) order and then alphabetical order (last name then first name) within sections. Current or former U.S. Presidents or Vice presidents have their own section that begins first, but not former <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States</a> Presidents or Vice presidents. Also, incumbent federal or statewide officeholders begin second. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Dynamic_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">dynamic list</a> and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Southern_Democrats" title="Special:EditPage/Southern Democrats">adding missing items</a> with <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Southern_Democratic_U.S._Presidents_and_Vice_Presidents">Southern Democratic U.S. Presidents and Vice Presidents</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Southern Democratic U.S. Presidents and Vice Presidents" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a>, 7th President of the United States, U.S. Senator from Tennessee</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alben_Barkley" class="mw-redirect" title="Alben Barkley">Alben Barkley</a>, Representative, U.S. Senator from Kentucky and U.S. Vice President<a href="#cite_note-40">[37]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Breckinridge" title="John C. Breckinridge">John C. Breckinridge</a>, 14th Vice President of the United States, 5th Confederate States Secretary of War, U.S. Senator from Kentucky</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joseph R. Biden Jr.</a>, 46th President of the United States (2021-2025), 47th Vice President of the United States, U.S. Senator from Delaware</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">John C. Calhoun</a>, 7th Vice President of the United States, U.S. Senator from South Carolina</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tyler" title="John Tyler">John Tyler</a>, 10th President of the United States, 10th Vice President of the United States, U.S. Senator from Virginia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_K._Polk" title="James K. Polk">James K. Polk</a>, 11th President of the United States, 9th Governor of Tennessee</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a>, Governor of Georgia and President of the United States (1977–1981)<a href="#cite_note-41">[38]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>, Governor of Arkansas and President of the United States (1993–2001)<a href="#cite_note-42">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[40]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nance_Garner" title="John Nance Garner">John Nance Garner</a>, 32nd Vice President of the United States (1933–1941) and U.S. Representative from Texas</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a>, Representative and U.S. Senator from Tennessee, Vice President of the United States (1993–2001) and 2000 Democratic nominee for President<a href="#cite_note-44">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[42]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a>, U.S. Representative and senator from Texas, Vice President of the United States (1961–1963), and President of the United States (1963–1969)<a href="#cite_note-46">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a>, 17th President of the United States, 16th Vice President of the United States, U.S. Senator from Tennessee</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Incumbent_Southern_Democratic_elected_officeholders">Incumbent Southern Democratic elected officeholders</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Incumbent Southern Democratic elected officeholders" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Beshear" title="Andy Beshear">Andy Beshear</a>, incumbent governor of <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[44]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Clyburn" title="Jim Clyburn">Jim Clyburn</a>, current member of the U.S. House of Representatives from <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="South Carolina's 6th congressional district">South Carolina's 6th district</a> and former House Majority Whip<a href="#cite_note-48">[45]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josh_Stein" title="Josh Stein">Josh Stein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_North_Carolina" title="Governor of North Carolina">Governor of North Carolina</a> (2025–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Kaine" title="Tim Kaine">Tim Kaine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Virginia" title="Governor of Virginia">Governor of Virginia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_DNC" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairman of the DNC">Chairman of the DNC</a>, incumbent U.S. Senator from Virginia, also the <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016</a> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> Vice Presidential nominee<a href="#cite_note-49">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[48]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Ossoff" title="Jon Ossoff">Jon Ossoff</a>, current U.S. Senator from <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[49]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Warnock" title="Raphael Warnock">Raphael Warnock</a>, current U.S. Senator from <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[50]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th-century_Southern_Democrats">19th-century Southern Democrats</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 19th-century Southern Democrats" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a>, 7th President of the United States, U.S. Senator from Tennessee</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a>, 17th President of the United States, 16th Vice President of the United States, U.S. Senator from Tennessee</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_H._Stephens" title="Alexander H. Stephens">Alexander H. Stephens</a>, Vice President of the Confederate States, 50th Governor of Georgia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_K._Polk" title="James K. Polk">James K. Polk</a>, 11th President of the United States, 9th Governor of Tennessee</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Davis" title="Jefferson Davis">Jefferson Davis</a>, President of the Confederate States,<a href="#cite_note-54">[51]</a> U.S. Senator from Mississippi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Breckinridge" title="John C. Breckinridge">John C. Breckinridge</a>, 14th Vice President of the United States, 5th Confederate States Secretary of War, U.S. Senator from Kentucky</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">John C. Calhoun</a>, 7th Vice President of the United States, U.S. Senator from South Carolina</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tyler" title="John Tyler">John Tyler</a>, 10th President of the United States, 10th Vice President of the United States, U.S. Senator from Virginia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judah_P._Benjamin" title="Judah P. Benjamin">Judah P. Benjamin</a>, 3rd Confederate States Secretary of State, 2nd Confederate States Secretary of War, 1st Confederate States Attorney General, U.S. Senator from Louisiana</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th-century_Southern_Democrats">20th-century Southern Democrats</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 20th-century Southern Democrats" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Barnett" title="Ross Barnett">Ross Barnett</a>, governor of Mississippi<a href="#cite_note-55">[52]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_F._Byrnes" title="James F. Byrnes">James F. Byrnes</a>, U.S. Secretary of State, Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, Representative, U.S. Senator, Governor of South Carolina<a href="#cite_note-56">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[54]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A.B._%22Happy%22_Chandler" class="mw-redirect" title='A.B. "Happy" Chandler'>A.B. "Happy" Chandler</a>, governor and senator from <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[56]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawton_Chiles" title="Lawton Chiles">Lawton Chiles</a>, U.S. Senator from Florida and Governor of Florida<a href="#cite_note-60">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[58]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_O._Eastland" class="mw-redirect" title="James O. Eastland">James O. Eastland</a>, U.S. Senator from Mississippi<a href="#cite_note-62">[59]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Ervin" title="Sam Ervin">Sam Ervin</a>, U.S. Senator from North Carolina from 1954 to 1974<a href="#cite_note-63">[60]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._William_Fulbright" title="J. William Fulbright">J. William Fulbright</a>, Representative from Arkansas, U.S. Senator from Arkansas and longest-served chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee<a href="#cite_note-64">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[62]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howell_Heflin" title="Howell Heflin">Howell Heflin</a>, senator from <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[63]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spessard_Holland" title="Spessard Holland">Spessard Holland</a>, U.S. Senator from Florida and Governor of Florida<a href="#cite_note-67">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[65]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olin_D._Johnston" title="Olin D. Johnston">Olin D. Johnston</a>, U.S. Senator from South Carolina and Governor of South Carolina<a href="#cite_note-69">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[67]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estes_Kefauver" title="Estes Kefauver">Estes Kefauver</a>, Representative, U.S. Senator from Tennessee and 1956 Democratic vice presidential nominee<a href="#cite_note-71">[68]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Long" title="Earl Long">Earl Long</a>, three-term Louisiana governor<a href="#cite_note-72">[69]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huey_P._Long" class="mw-redirect" title="Huey P. Long">Huey P. Long</a>, Louisiana governor and U.S. Senator<a href="#cite_note-73">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[71]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Little_McClellan" class="mw-redirect" title="John Little McClellan">John McClellan</a>, Representative and U.S. Senator from Arkansas<a href="#cite_note-75">[72]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_McDonald" title="Larry McDonald">Lawrence Patton McDonald</a>, Former Representative from Georgia<a href="#cite_note-76">[73]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Rayburn" title="Sam Rayburn">Sam Rayburn</a>, Congressman from Texas and longest-served <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives">Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives</a>-longest served in the House's history<a href="#cite_note-77">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[75]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Richards" title="Ann Richards">Ann Richards</a>, second female governor of Texas <a href="#cite_note-79">[76]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Sanford" title="Terry Sanford">Terry Sanford</a>, U.S. Senator and governor from North Carolina<a href="#cite_note-80">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[78]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stennis" class="mw-redirect" title="John Stennis">John Stennis</a>, U.S. Senator from Mississippi<a href="#cite_note-82">[79]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Tillman" title="Benjamin Tillman">Benjamin Tillman</a>, governor and senator of South Carolina<a href="#cite_note-83">[80]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_C._Wallace" class="mw-redirect" title="George C. Wallace">George C. Wallace</a>, governor of Alabama, American Independent Party candidate for president in 1968, ran for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1972 and 1976<a href="#cite_note-84">[81]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Yarborough" title="Ralph Yarborough">Ralph Yarborough</a>, U.S. Senator from Texas<a href="#cite_note-85">[82]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st-century_Southern_Democrats_(deceased)">21st-century Southern Democrats (deceased)</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 21st-century Southern Democrats (deceased)" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reubin_Askew" title="Reubin Askew">Reubin Askew</a>, Governor of Florida and 1984 U.S. presidential candidate<a href="#cite_note-86">[83]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Bentsen" title="Lloyd Bentsen">Lloyd Bentsen</a>, Representative and U.S. Senator from Texas, <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_the_Treasury" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a>, and Democratic candidate for vice president in 1988<a href="#cite_note-87">[84]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Blanco" title="Kathleen Blanco">Kathleen Blanco</a>, Governor of Louisiana<a href="#cite_note-88">[85]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dale_Bumpers" title="Dale Bumpers">Dale Bumpers</a>, U.S. Senator from Arkansas and Governor of Arkansas<a href="#cite_note-89">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[87]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Byrd" title="Robert Byrd">Robert Byrd</a>, Representative, U.S. Senator from West Virginia,<a href="#cite_note-91">[88]</a> presidential candidate, 1976<a href="#cite_note-92">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[90]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Cleland" title="Max Cleland">Max Cleland</a>, U.S. Senator from Georgia<a href="#cite_note-94">[91]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Edwards" title="Edwin Edwards">Edwin Edwards</a>, Representative and Governor of Louisiana<a href="#cite_note-95">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[93]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Ford" title="Wendell Ford">Wendell Ford</a>, governor and senator from <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[95]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Graham" title="Bob Graham">D. Robert Graham</a>, U.S. Senator from Florida and Governor of Florida<a href="#cite_note-99">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[97]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kay_Hagan" title="Kay Hagan">Kay Hagan</a>, U.S. Senator from North Carolina<a href="#cite_note-101">[98]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Hollings" title="Fritz Hollings">Fritz Hollings</a>, U.S. Senator from South Carolina, Governor of South Carolina, 1984 U.S. presidential candidate<a href="#cite_note-102">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[100]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lewis" title="John Lewis">John Lewis</a>, U.S. Representative from Georgia and civil rights leader<a href="#cite_note-104">[101]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lester_Maddox" title="Lester Maddox">Lester Maddox</a>, governor of Georgia<a href="#cite_note-105">[102]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zell_Miller" title="Zell Miller">Zell B. Miller</a>, U.S. Senator from Georgia and Georgia governor<a href="#cite_note-106">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[104]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">J. Strom Thurmond</a>, U.S. Senator from South Carolina and Governor of South Carolina (Democrat until 1964, then Republican until death), States' Right candidate (Dixiecrat) for president in 1948<a href="#cite_note-108">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[107]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st-century_Southern_Democrats_(living)">21st-century Southern Democrats (living)</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 21st-century Southern Democrats (living)" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Barnes" title="Roy Barnes">Roy Barnes</a>, Governor of Georgia<a href="#cite_note-111">[108]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Barrow_(U.S._politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Barrow (U.S. politician)">John Barrow</a>, U.S. Representative from Georgia<a href="#cite_note-112">[109]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Beebe" title="Mike Beebe">Mike Beebe</a>, Governor of Arkansas<a href="#cite_note-113">[110]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Beshear" title="Steve Beshear">Steve Beshear</a>, Governor of Kentucky<a href="#cite_note-114">[111]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Breaux" title="John Breaux">John Breaux</a>, Representative and U.S. Senator from Louisiana<a href="#cite_note-115">[112]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Bredesen" title="Phil Bredesen">Phil Bredesen</a>, Governor of Tennessee<a href="#cite_note-116">[113]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Chandler" title="Ben Chandler">Ben Chandler</a>, Attorney General of Kentucky and Congressman from Kentucky<a href="#cite_note-117">[114]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travis_Childers" title="Travis Childers">Travis Childers</a>, U.S. representative from Mississippi<a href="#cite_note-118">[115]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Layne_Collins" title="Martha Layne Collins">Martha Layne Collins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Kentucky" title="Governor of Kentucky">Governor of Kentucky</a> and chair of the 1984 Democratic National Convention<a href="#cite_note-119">[116]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Cooper" title="Roy Cooper">Roy Cooper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_North_Carolina" title="Governor of North Carolina">Governor of North Carolina</a> (2017-2025)<a href="#cite_note-120">[117]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bel_Edwards" title="John Bel Edwards">John Bel Edwards</a>, Governor of Louisiana<a href="#cite_note-121">[118]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Edwards" title="John Edwards">John R. Edwards</a>, U.S. Senator from North Carolina, 2004 Democratic vice presidential nominee, Democratic presidential candidate in 2004 and 2008.<a href="#cite_note-122">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[120]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwen_Graham" title="Gwen Graham">Gwen Graham</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. representative</a> for <a href="/wiki/Florida%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Florida's 2nd congressional district">Florida's 2nd congressional district</a> from 2015 to 2017 and candidate for <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Florida" title="Governor of Florida">Governor of Florida</a><a href="#cite_note-124">[121]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Hovis_Hodges" class="mw-redirect" title="James Hovis Hodges">James Hovis Hodges</a>, Governor of South Carolina<a href="#cite_note-125">[122]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Bennett_Johnston" title="J. Bennett Johnston">J. Bennett Johnston</a>, U.S. Senator from Louisiana<a href="#cite_note-126">[123]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Jones_(politician)" title="Doug Jones (politician)">Doug Jones</a>, former U.S. Senator from <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[124]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Landrieu" title="Mary Landrieu">Mary Landrieu</a>, former U.S. Senator from Louisiana<a href="#cite_note-128">[125]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Lawson" title="Al Lawson">Al Lawson</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. representative</a> for <a href="/wiki/Florida%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Florida's 5th congressional district">Florida's 5th congressional district</a> from 2017 to 2023<a href="#cite_note-129">[126]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanche_Lincoln" title="Blanche Lincoln">Blanche Lincoln</a>, Representative and U.S. Senator from Arkansas<a href="#cite_note-130">[127]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_O%27Malley" title="Martin O'Malley">Martin O'Malley</a>, Governor of Maryland<a href="#cite_note-131">[128]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Manchin" title="Joe Manchin">Joseph Manchin III</a>, governor of West Virginia, U.S. Senator from West Virginia (2010-2025), became an Independent in 2024<a href="#cite_note-132">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-133">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-134">[131]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Nelson_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill Nelson (politician)">Bill Nelson</a>, Representative, U.S. Senator from Florida<a href="#cite_note-135">[132]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Northam" title="Ralph Northam">Ralph Northam</a>, Governor of <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[133]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Nunn" title="Sam Nunn">Sam Nunn</a>, U.S. Senator from Georgia<a href="#cite_note-137">[134]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_E._Patton" title="Paul E. Patton">Paul Patton</a>, Governor of Kentucky<a href="#cite_note-138">[135]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bev_Perdue" title="Bev Perdue">Bev Perdue</a>, 73rd Governor of <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Perdue" title="Sonny Perdue">Sonny Perdue</a>, Governor of Georgia (was once a Democrat, now Republican)<a href="#cite_note-139">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[137]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Pryor" title="David Pryor">David Pryor</a>, Representative, U.S. Senator from Arkansas and Governor of Arkansas<a href="#cite_note-141">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[139]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Pryor" title="Mark Pryor">Mark Pryor</a>, U.S. Senator from Arkansas<a href="#cite_note-143">[140]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Webb" title="Jim Webb">Jim Webb</a>, U.S. Senator from Virginia and Secretary of the Navy, 2016 Democratic presidential candidate (once a Republican)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Wilder" title="Douglas Wilder">Douglas Wilder</a>, Virginia governor, first African-American ever elected governor in the U.S., tried to go for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1991, but eventually withdrew in 1992<a href="#cite_note-144">[141]</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><h2 id="Southern_Democratic_presidential_tickets">Southern Democratic presidential tickets</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Southern Democratic presidential tickets" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> At various times, registered Democrats from the South broke with the national party to nominate their own presidential and vice presidential candidates, generally in opposition to civil rights measures supported by the national nominees. There was at least one Southern Democratic effort in every presidential election from 1944 until 1968, besides 1952. On some occasions, such as in 1948 with Strom Thurmond, these candidates have been listed on the ballot in some states as the nominee of the Democratic Party. <a href="/wiki/George_Wallace" title="George Wallace">George Wallace</a> of Alabama was in presidential politics as a conservative Democrat except 1968, when he left the party and <a href="/wiki/George_Wallace_1968_presidential_campaign" title="George Wallace 1968 presidential campaign">ran as an independent.</a> Running as the nominees of the <a href="/wiki/American_Independent_Party" title="American Independent Party">American Independent Party</a>, the Wallace ticket won 5 states. Its best result was in Alabama, where it received 65.9% of the vote. Wallace was the official Democratic nominee in Alabama and <a href="/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey" title="Hubert Humphrey">Hubert Humphrey</a> was listed as the "National Democratic" candidate.<a href="#cite_note-145">[142]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th width="300">Presidential nominee </th> <th>Home state </th> <th width="300">Previous positions </th> <th width="300">Vice presidential nominee </th> <th>Home state </th> <th width="300">Previous positions </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_presidential_election" title="1860 United States presidential election">1860</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:John_C_Breckinridge-04775-restored.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/John_C_Breckinridge-04775-restored.jpg/100px-John_C_Breckinridge-04775-restored.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="134" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2050" data-file-height="2755"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 134px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/John_C_Breckinridge-04775-restored.jpg/100px-John_C_Breckinridge-04775-restored.jpg" data-width="100" data-height="134" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/John_C_Breckinridge-04775-restored.jpg/150px-John_C_Breckinridge-04775-restored.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/John_C_Breckinridge-04775-restored.jpg/200px-John_C_Breckinridge-04775-restored.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/John_C._Breckinridge" title="John C. Breckinridge">John C. Breckinridge</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="500"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a> </td> <td>Member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> from <a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 8th congressional district">Kentucky's 8th congressional district</a> (1851–1855) Vice President of the United States (1857–1861) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Joseph_Lane_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Joseph_Lane_%282%29.jpg/100px-Joseph_Lane_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1581" data-file-height="2101"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 133px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Joseph_Lane_%282%29.jpg/100px-Joseph_Lane_%282%29.jpg" data-width="100" data-height="133" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Joseph_Lane_%282%29.jpg/150px-Joseph_Lane_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Joseph_Lane_%282%29.jpg/200px-Joseph_Lane_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lane" title="Joseph Lane">Joseph Lane</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Oregon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oregon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Oregon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oregon.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Oregon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oregon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Oregon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Oregon.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Oregon" title="Governor of Oregon">Governor of Oregon</a> (1849–1850; 1853) Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from <a href="/wiki/Oregon_Territory%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Oregon Territory's at-large congressional district">Oregon Territory's at-large congressional district</a> (1851–1859) <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a> from Oregon (1859–1861) </td> <td>848,019 (18.1%) 72 EV </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-146">[143]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1944_United_States_presidential_election" title="1944 United States presidential election">1944</a> </td> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Unpledged_electors" class="mw-redirect" title="Unpledged electors">Unpledged electors</a> </td> <td>143,238 (0.3%) 0 EV </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-147">[144]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1948_United_States_presidential_election" title="1948 United States presidential election">1948</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Governor_Strom_Thurmond_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Governor_Strom_Thurmond_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Governor_Strom_Thurmond_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="123" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="273" data-file-height="335"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 123px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Governor_Strom_Thurmond_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Governor_Strom_Thurmond_%28cropped%29.jpg" data-width="100" data-height="123" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Governor_Strom_Thurmond_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Governor_Strom_Thurmond_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Governor_Strom_Thurmond_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Governor_Strom_Thurmond_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">Strom Thurmond</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td>Member of the <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_Senate" title="South Carolina Senate">South Carolina Senate</a> (1933–1938) <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_South_Carolina" title="Governor of South Carolina">Governor of South Carolina</a> (1947–1951) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Fielding_L._Wright,_1948.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Fielding_L._Wright%2C_1948.jpg/100px-Fielding_L._Wright%2C_1948.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="134" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1402" data-file-height="1877"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 134px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Fielding_L._Wright%2C_1948.jpg/100px-Fielding_L._Wright%2C_1948.jpg" data-width="100" data-height="134" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Fielding_L._Wright%2C_1948.jpg/150px-Fielding_L._Wright%2C_1948.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Fielding_L._Wright%2C_1948.jpg/200px-Fielding_L._Wright%2C_1948.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Fielding_L._Wright" title="Fielding L. Wright">Fielding L. Wright</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Mississippi_%281894-1906%29.png/23px-Flag_of_Mississippi_%281894-1906%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="657" data-file-height="436"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Mississippi_%281894-1906%29.png/23px-Flag_of_Mississippi_%281894-1906%29.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Mississippi_%281894-1906%29.png/35px-Flag_of_Mississippi_%281894-1906%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Mississippi_%281894-1906%29.png/45px-Flag_of_Mississippi_%281894-1906%29.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Mississippi" title="Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi">Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi</a> (1944–1946) <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Mississippi" title="Governor of Mississippi">Governor of Mississippi</a> (1946–1952) </td> <td>1,175,930 (2.4%) 39 EV </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-148">[145]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election" title="1956 United States presidential election">1956</a> </td> <td colspan="6">Unpledged electors </td> <td>196,145 (0.3%) 0 EV </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-149">[146]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:T._Coleman_Andrews.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/T._Coleman_Andrews.jpg/100px-T._Coleman_Andrews.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="128" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1194" data-file-height="1534"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 128px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/T._Coleman_Andrews.jpg/100px-T._Coleman_Andrews.jpg" data-width="100" data-height="128" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/T._Coleman_Andrews.jpg/150px-T._Coleman_Andrews.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/T._Coleman_Andrews.jpg/200px-T._Coleman_Andrews.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/T._Coleman_Andrews" title="T. Coleman Andrews">T. Coleman Andrews</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commissioner_of_Internal_Revenue" title="Commissioner of Internal Revenue">Commissioner of Internal Revenue</a> (1953–1955) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_H._Werdel_(California_Congressman).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Thomas_H._Werdel_%28California_Congressman%29.jpg/100px-Thomas_H._Werdel_%28California_Congressman%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="118" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="312" data-file-height="368"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 118px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Thomas_H._Werdel_%28California_Congressman%29.jpg/100px-Thomas_H._Werdel_%28California_Congressman%29.jpg" data-width="100" data-height="118" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Thomas_H._Werdel_%28California_Congressman%29.jpg/150px-Thomas_H._Werdel_%28California_Congressman%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Thomas_H._Werdel_%28California_Congressman%29.jpg/200px-Thomas_H._Werdel_%28California_Congressman%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Werdel" title="Thomas H. Werdel">Thomas H. Werdel</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/23px-Flag_of_California.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/23px-Flag_of_California.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/35px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/45px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td>Member of the <a href="/wiki/California_State_Assembly" title="California State Assembly">California State Assembly</a> from the 39th district (1943–1947) Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from <a href="/wiki/California%27s_10th_congressional_district" title="California's 10th congressional district">California's 10th congressional district</a> (1949–1953) </td> <td>107,929 (0.2%) 0 EV </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-150">[147]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Walter_Burgwyn_Jones" title="Walter Burgwyn Jones">Walter Burgwyn Jones</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Alabama.svg/23px-Flag_of_Alabama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Alabama.svg/23px-Flag_of_Alabama.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Alabama.svg/35px-Flag_of_Alabama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Alabama.svg/45px-Flag_of_Alabama.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>Judge Member of the <a href="/wiki/Alabama_House_of_Representatives" title="Alabama House of Representatives">Alabama House of Representatives</a> (1919–1921) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:HermanTalmadge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/HermanTalmadge.jpg/100px-HermanTalmadge.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="134" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="168" data-file-height="225"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 134px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/HermanTalmadge.jpg/100px-HermanTalmadge.jpg" data-width="100" data-height="134" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/HermanTalmadge.jpg/150px-HermanTalmadge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/HermanTalmadge.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Herman_Talmadge" title="Herman Talmadge">Herman Talmadge</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia_%281956%E2%80%932001%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia_%281956%E2%80%932001%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia_%281956%E2%80%932001%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia_%281956%E2%80%932001%29.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia_%281956%E2%80%932001%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia_%281956%E2%80%932001%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia_%281956%E2%80%932001%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia_%281956%E2%80%932001%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Georgia" title="Governor of Georgia">Governor of Georgia</a> (1947; 1948–1955) </td> <td>0 (0.0%) 1 EV </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-151">[148]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_presidential_election" title="1960 United States presidential election">1960</a> </td> <td colspan="6">Unpledged electors </td> <td>610,409 (0.4%) 15 EV </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-152">[149]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Orval_Faubus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Orval_Faubus.jpg/100px-Orval_Faubus.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="114" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="462" data-file-height="528"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 114px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Orval_Faubus.jpg/100px-Orval_Faubus.jpg" data-width="100" data-height="114" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Orval_Faubus.jpg/150px-Orval_Faubus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Orval_Faubus.jpg/200px-Orval_Faubus.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Orval_Faubus" title="Orval Faubus">Orval Faubus</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/23px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/23px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/35px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/45px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Arkansas">Governor of Arkansas</a> (1955–1967) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Captain_John_Geraerdt_Crommelin,_US_Navy,_circa_in_1947.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Captain_John_Geraerdt_Crommelin%2C_US_Navy%2C_circa_in_1947.jpg/100px-Captain_John_Geraerdt_Crommelin%2C_US_Navy%2C_circa_in_1947.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="126" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="922" data-file-height="1165"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 100px;height: 126px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Captain_John_Geraerdt_Crommelin%2C_US_Navy%2C_circa_in_1947.jpg/100px-Captain_John_Geraerdt_Crommelin%2C_US_Navy%2C_circa_in_1947.jpg" data-width="100" data-height="126" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Captain_John_Geraerdt_Crommelin%2C_US_Navy%2C_circa_in_1947.jpg/150px-Captain_John_Geraerdt_Crommelin%2C_US_Navy%2C_circa_in_1947.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Captain_John_Geraerdt_Crommelin%2C_US_Navy%2C_circa_in_1947.jpg/200px-Captain_John_Geraerdt_Crommelin%2C_US_Navy%2C_circa_in_1947.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/John_G._Crommelin" title="John G. Crommelin">John G. Crommelin</a> </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Alabama.svg/23px-Flag_of_Alabama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Alabama.svg/23px-Flag_of_Alabama.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Alabama.svg/35px-Flag_of_Alabama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Alabama.svg/45px-Flag_of_Alabama.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td>United States Navy <a href="/wiki/Rear_Admiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Rear Admiral">Rear Admiral</a> Candidate for <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a> from Alabama (<a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_election_in_Alabama,_1950" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate election in Alabama, 1950">1950</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_election_in_Alabama,_1954" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate election in Alabama, 1954">1954</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_election_in_Alabama,_1956" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate election in Alabama, 1956">1956</a>) </td> <td>44,984 (0.1%) 0 EV </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-153">[150]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_presidential_election" title="1964 United States presidential election">1964</a> </td> <td colspan="6">Unpledged electors </td> <td>210,732 (0.3%) 0 EV </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-154">[151]</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Dog_Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue Dog Democrats">Blue Dog Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boll_weevil_(politics)" title="Boll weevil (politics)">Boll weevil (politics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Democrat" title="Bourbon Democrat">Bourbon Democrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Democrat" title="Conservative Democrat">Conservative Democrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democrat_in_Name_Only" class="mw-redirect" title="Democrat in Name Only">Democrat in Name Only</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="History of the Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffersonian_democracy" title="Jeffersonian democracy">Jeffersonian democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Leadership_Council" title="Democratic Leadership Council">Democratic Leadership Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">Ku Klux Klan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="National Democratic Party (United States)">National Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Democrats_(United_States)" title="New Democrats (United States)">New Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Republican" title="Rockefeller Republican">Rockefeller Republican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_dog_Democrat" title="Yellow dog Democrat">Yellow dog Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solid_South" title="Solid South">Solid South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight-Out_Democratic_Party" title="Straight-Out Democratic Party">Straight-Out Democratic Party</a></li></ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> Alabama and Maryland held midterms in every 4 years </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> Louisiana, Mississippi and Virginia only </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Virginia_House_of_Delegates" title="Virginia House of Delegates">Virginia House of Delegates</a> only held off-year every 2 years </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><a href="#ref_Mason-Dixonb">b</a> South of the <a href="/wiki/Mason%E2%80%93Dixon_line" title="Mason–Dixon line">Mason–Dixon line</a> Carter won just 34 electoral votes – his own Georgia, plus <a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>, and <a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a>. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://texaspolitics.utexas.edu/archive/html/part/features/0304_01/dogs.html">"Texas Politics – Yellow Dogs and Blue Dogs"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Texas+Politics+%E2%80%93+Yellow+Dogs+and+Blue+Dogs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftexaspolitics.utexas.edu%2Farchive%2Fhtml%2Fpart%2Ffeatures%2F0304_01%2Fdogs.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220903020524/http://ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Southern_Democratic_Party">"Southern Democratic Party – Ohio History Central"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Southern_Democratic_Party">the original</a> on September 3, 2022. Retrieved June 21, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Southern+Democratic+Party+%E2%80%93+Ohio+History+Central&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fohiohistorycentral.org%2Fw%2FSouthern_Democratic_Party&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kaiser2023-3"><a href="#cite_ref-Kaiser2023_3-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaiser2023" class="citation news cs1">Kaiser, Charles (January 23, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2023/jan/22/we-may-have-lost-the-south-lbj-democrats-civil-rights-act-1964-bill-moyers">"'We may have lost the south': what LBJ really said about Democrats in 1964"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. Retrieved February 20, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=%27We+may+have+lost+the+south%27%3A+what+LBJ+really+said+about+Democrats+in+1964&rft.date=2023-01-23&rft.aulast=Kaiser&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2023%2Fjan%2F22%2Fwe-may-have-lost-the-south-lbj-democrats-civil-rights-act-1964-bill-moyers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/jul/30/facebook-posts/group-southern-democrats-not-all-democrats-held-19/">"PolitiFact – Group of Southern Democrats, not all Democrats, held up 1964 Civil Rights Act"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PolitiFact+%E2%80%93+Group+of+Southern+Democrats%2C+not+all+Democrats%2C+held+up+1964+Civil+Rights+Act&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politifact.com%2Ffactchecks%2F2020%2Fjul%2F30%2Ffacebook-posts%2Fgroup-southern-democrats-not-all-democrats-held-19%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB1041302509432817073">"Democrat/GOP Vote Tally on 1964 Civil Rights Act"</a>. Wall Street Journal. December 31, 2002.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Democrat%2FGOP+Vote+Tally+on+1964+Civil+Rights+Act&rft.date=2002-12-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB1041302509432817073&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Issue_Evolution-6"><a href="#cite_ref-Issue_Evolution_6-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarminesStimson1990" class="citation book cs1">Carmines, Edward; Stimson, James (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://press.princeton.edu/titles/4385.html">Issue Evolution: Race and the Transformation of American Politics</a>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780691023311" title="Special:BookSources/9780691023311"><bdi>9780691023311</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180516081536/https://press.princeton.edu/titles/4385.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 16, 2018. Retrieved June 9, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Issue+Evolution%3A+Race+and+the+Transformation+of+American+Politics&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=9780691023311&rft.aulast=Carmines&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.au=Stimson%2C+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpress.princeton.edu%2Ftitles%2F4385.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFValentinoSears2005" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Valentino" title="Nicholas Valentino">Valentino, Nicholas A.</a>; <a href="/wiki/David_O._Sears" title="David O. Sears">Sears, David O.</a> (2005). "Old Times There Are Not Forgotten: Race and Partisan Realignment in the Contemporary South". American Journal of Political Science. 49 (3): 672–88. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1540-5907.2005.00136.x">10.1111/j.1540-5907.2005.00136.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0092-5853">0092-5853</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Political+Science&rft.atitle=Old+Times+There+Are+Not+Forgotten%3A+Race+and+Partisan+Realignment+in+the+Contemporary+South&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E672-%3C%2Fspan%3E88&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1540-5907.2005.00136.x&rft.issn=0092-5853&rft.aulast=Valentino&rft.aufirst=Nicholas+A.&rft.au=Sears%2C+David+O.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIlyanaEbonya2018" class="citation journal cs1">Ilyana, Kuziemko; Ebonya, Washington (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1257%2Faer.20161413">"Why Did the Democrats Lose the South? Bringing New Data to an Old Debate"</a>. American Economic Review. 108 (10): 2830–2867. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1257%2Faer.20161413">10.1257/aer.20161413</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0002-8282">0002-8282</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Economic+Review&rft.atitle=Why+Did+the+Democrats+Lose+the+South%3F+Bringing+New+Data+to+an+Old+Debate&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E2830-%3C%2Fspan%3E2867&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1257%2Faer.20161413&rft.issn=0002-8282&rft.aulast=Ilyana&rft.aufirst=Kuziemko&rft.au=Ebonya%2C+Washington&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1257%252Faer.20161413&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Junn-2020-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Junn-2020_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Junn-2020_9-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJunnMasuoka2020" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Junn" title="Jane Junn">Junn, Jane</a>; Masuoka, Natalie (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS1537592719003876">"The Gender Gap Is a Race Gap: Women Voters in US Presidential Elections"</a>. Perspectives on Politics. 18 (4): 1135–1145. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS1537592719003876">10.1017/S1537592719003876</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1537-5927">1537-5927</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Perspectives+on+Politics&rft.atitle=The+Gender+Gap+Is+a+Race+Gap%3A+Women+Voters+in+US+Presidential+Elections&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1135-%3C%2Fspan%3E1145&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS1537592719003876&rft.issn=1537-5927&rft.aulast=Junn&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.au=Masuoka%2C+Natalie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1017%252FS1537592719003876&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nationalreview.com-10"><a href="#cite_ref-nationalreview.com_10-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalreview.com/article/442347/donald-trumps-election-win-white-democratic-voters-went-republican">"Can the Republican Party Keep Trump Democrats?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Review" title="National Review">National Review</a>. November 21, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Review&rft.atitle=Can+the+Republican+Party+Keep+Trump+Democrats%3F&rft.date=2016-11-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalreview.com%2Farticle%2F442347%2Fdonald-trumps-election-win-white-democratic-voters-went-republican&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_long_goodbye-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_long_goodbye_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_long_goodbye_11-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/united-states/2010/11/11/the-long-goodbye">"The long goodbye"</a>. The Economist. November 11, 2010. Retrieved February 20, 2023. <q>In 1981 Republicans took control of the Senate for the first time since 1953, but most Southern elected officials remained white Democrats. When Republicans took control of the House in 1995, white Democrats still comprised one-third of the South's tally. ... white Southern Democrats have met their Appomattox: they will account for just 24 of the South's 155 senators and congressmen in the 112th United States Congress.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=The+long+goodbye&rft.date=2010-11-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Funited-states%2F2010%2F11%2F11%2Fthe-long-goodbye&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/news/the-report/articles/2018-10-05/the-return-of-the-southern-democrat">"The Return of the Southern Democrat"</a>. <a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a>. October 5, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+News+%26+World+Report&rft.atitle=The+Return+of+the+Southern+Democrat&rft.date=2018-10-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Fthe-report%2Farticles%2F2018-10-05%2Fthe-return-of-the-southern-democrat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> The South in Modern America A Region at Odds By Dewey W. Grantham, 2001, P.66 </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> Byron E. Shafer and Richard Johnston, The End of Southern Exceptionalism: Class, Race, and Partisan Change in the Postwar South (2009) pp. 173–74 </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> As in declining to invite African-American <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Owens" title="Jesse Owens">Jesse Owens</a>, hero of the <a href="/wiki/1936_Summer_Olympics" title="1936 Summer Olympics">1936 Olympics</a>, to the White House. </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> Until the 1960s the Democratic Party <a href="/wiki/Partisan_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisan primary">primaries</a> were <a href="/wiki/Tantamount_to_election" class="mw-redirect" title="Tantamount to election">tantamount to election</a> in most of the South and, being restricted largely to caucasians, were openly called <a href="/wiki/White_primary" title="White primary">White primaries</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/archive/6888376/national-affairs-go-west-lyndon/">"National Affairs: Go West, Lyndon"</a>. February 23, 1959.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Affairs%3A+Go+West%2C+Lyndon&rft.date=1959-02-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2Farchive%2F6888376%2Fnational-affairs-go-west-lyndon%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/goldwater-barry-m">"Goldwater, Barry M"</a>. April 26, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Goldwater%2C+Barry+M&rft.date=2017-04-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkinginstitute.stanford.edu%2Fencyclopedia%2Fgoldwater-barry-m&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060616072807/http://www.nytimes.com/packages/html/books/phillips-southern.pdf">"Nixon's Southern strategy 'It's All In the Charts'"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/packages/html/books/phillips-southern.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on June 16, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nixon%27s+Southern+strategy+%27It%27s+All+In+the+Charts%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fpackages%2Fhtml%2Fbooks%2Fphillips-southern.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLawrence_J_McAndrews1998" class="citation journal cs1">Lawrence J McAndrews (Summer 1998). "The Politics of Principle: Richard Nixon". The Journal of Negro History. 83 (3): 187–200. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2649015">10.2307/2649015</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2649015">2649015</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:141142915">141142915</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Negro+History&rft.atitle=The+Politics+of+Principle%3A+Richard+Nixon&rft.ssn=summer&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E187-%3C%2Fspan%3E200&rft.date=1998&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A141142915%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2649015%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2649015&rft.au=Lawrence+J+McAndrews&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Hart" title="Jeffrey Hart">Hart, Jeffrey</a> (February 9, 2006). The Making of the American Conservative Mind (television). <a href="/wiki/Hanover,_New_Hampshire" title="Hanover, New Hampshire">Hanover, New Hampshire</a>: <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Making+of+the+American+Conservative+Mind&rft.place=Hanover%2C+New+Hampshire&rft.pub=C-SPAN&rft.date=2006-02-09&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoseph_A._Aistrup2015" class="citation book cs1">Joseph A. Aistrup (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oKMeBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA135">The Southern Strategy Revisited: Republican Top-Down Advancement in the South</a>. University Press of Kentucky. p. 135. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780813147925" title="Special:BookSources/9780813147925"><bdi>9780813147925</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Southern+Strategy+Revisited%3A+Republican+Top-Down+Advancement+in+the+South&rft.pages=135&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kentucky&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9780813147925&rft.au=Joseph+A.+Aistrup&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoKMeBgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA135&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreenberg2007" class="citation news cs1">Greenberg, David (November 20, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/history_lesson/2007/11/dogwhistling_dixie.html">"Dog-Whistling Dixie: When Reagan said "states' rights," he was talking about race"</a>. Slate. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120112144213/http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/history_lesson/2007/11/dogwhistling_dixie.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 12, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=Dog-Whistling+Dixie%3A+When+Reagan+said+%22states%27+rights%2C%22+he+was+talking+about+race.&rft.date=2007-11-20&rft.aulast=Greenberg&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slate.com%2Farticles%2Fnews_and_politics%2Fhistory_lesson%2F2007%2F11%2Fdogwhistling_dixie.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Branch-24"><a href="#cite_ref-Branch_24-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBranch1999" class="citation book cs1">Branch, Taylor (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pillaroffireamer00bran/page/242">Pillar of Fire: America in the King Years 1963–65</a>. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pillaroffireamer00bran/page/242">242</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-684-80819-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-684-80819-2"><bdi>978-0-684-80819-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/37909869">37909869</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pillar+of+Fire%3A+America+in+the+King+Years+1963%E2%80%9365&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=242&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F37909869&rft.isbn=978-0-684-80819-2&rft.aulast=Branch&rft.aufirst=Taylor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpillaroffireamer00bran%2Fpage%2F242&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> Nicol C. Rae, The Decline and Fall of the Liberal Republicans: From 1952 to the Present (1989). </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicole_Mellow2008" class="citation book cs1">Nicole Mellow (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_jpqImtDBUIC&pg=PT110">The State of Disunion: Regional Sources of Modern American Partisanship</a>. Johns Hopkins UP. p. 110. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780801896460" title="Special:BookSources/9780801896460"><bdi>9780801896460</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+State+of+Disunion%3A+Regional+Sources+of+Modern+American+Partisanship&rft.pages=110&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+UP&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780801896460&rft.au=Nicole+Mellow&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_jpqImtDBUIC%26pg%3DPT110&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Why-27"><a href="#cite_ref-Why_27-0">^</a> See <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2007/08/why-did-the-south-turn-republican/45956/">Matthew Yglesias, "Why did the South turn Republican?"</a>, The Atlantic August 24, 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSach2019" class="citation web cs1">Sach, Maddie (December 16, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/why-the-democrats-have-shifted-left-over-the-last-30-years/">"Why The Democrats Have Shifted Left Over The Last 30 Years"</a>. fivethirtyeight.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fivethirtyeight.com&rft.atitle=Why+The+Democrats+Have+Shifted+Left+Over+The+Last+30+Years&rft.date=2019-12-16&rft.aulast=Sach&rft.aufirst=Maddie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffivethirtyeight.com%2Ffeatures%2Fwhy-the-democrats-have-shifted-left-over-the-last-30-years%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-promise-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-promise_29-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-promise_29-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVobejda1996" class="citation news cs1">Vobejda, Barbara (August 22, 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/welfare/stories/wf082396.htm">"Clinton Signs Welfare Bill Amid Division"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post">Washington Post</a>. Retrieved November 21, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Clinton+Signs+Welfare+Bill+Amid+Division&rft.date=1996-08-22&rft.aulast=Vobejda&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-srv%2Fpolitics%2Fspecial%2Fwelfare%2Fstories%2Fwf082396.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-salonafr-30"><a href="#cite_ref-salonafr_30-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salon.com/2002/02/21/clinton_88/">Why blacks love Bill Clinton </a> – interview with DeWayne Wickham, <a href="/wiki/Salon.com" title="Salon.com">Salon.com</a>, Suzy Hansen, published February 22, 2002, accessed October 21, 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> Roger Chapman, Culture Wars: An Encyclopedia (2010) vol 1, p. 136 </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220522210246/https://www.ncsl.org/documents/statevote/legiscontrol_2009.pdf">"2009 State and Legislative Partisan Composition"</a> (PDF). www.ncsl.org. National Conference of State Legislatures. January 26, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncsl.org/documents/statevote/legiscontrol_2009.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on May 22, 2022. Retrieved February 14, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ncsl.org&rft.atitle=2009+State+and+Legislative+Partisan+Composition&rft.date=2009-01-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncsl.org%2Fdocuments%2Fstatevote%2Flegiscontrol_2009.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220102230318/https://www.ncsl.org/Portals/1/Documents/Elections/Legis_Control_2017_August_4th_10am_26973.pdf">"2017 State & Legislative Partisan Composition"</a> (PDF). www.ncsl.org. National Conference of State Legislatures. August 4, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncsl.org/Portals/1/Documents/Elections/Legis_Control_2017_August_4th_10am_26973.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on January 2, 2022. Retrieved February 14, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ncsl.org&rft.atitle=2017+State+%26+Legislative+Partisan+Composition&rft.date=2017-08-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncsl.org%2FPortals%2F1%2FDocuments%2FElections%2FLegis_Control_2017_August_4th_10am_26973.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKilgore2018" class="citation web cs1">Kilgore, Ed (November 9, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2018/11/changing-southern-democratic-party.html">"A Different Kind of Democratic Party Is Rising in the South"</a>. New York Magazine. Retrieved November 9, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Different+Kind+of+Democratic+Party+Is+Rising+in+the+South&rft.pub=New+York+Magazine&rft.date=2018-11-09&rft.aulast=Kilgore&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnymag.com%2Fintelligencer%2F2018%2F11%2Fchanging-southern-democratic-party.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrim2017" class="citation news cs1">Grim, Ryan (February 28, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/democratic-candidate-for-virginia-governor-says-he-voted-for-george-w-bush-twice_n_58b48eb9e4b0780bac2c68d5">"Democratic Candidate For Virginia Governor Says He Voted For George W. Bush. Twice"</a>. <a href="/wiki/HuffPost" title="HuffPost">HuffPost</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HuffPost&rft.atitle=Democratic+Candidate+For+Virginia+Governor+Says+He+Voted+For+George+W.+Bush.+Twice.&rft.date=2017-02-28&rft.aulast=Grim&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffpost.com%2Fentry%2Fdemocratic-candidate-for-virginia-governor-says-he-voted-for-george-w-bush-twice_n_58b48eb9e4b0780bac2c68d5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTimes-Dispatch2017" class="citation web cs1">Times-Dispatch, GRAHAM MOOMAW AND PATRICK WILSON Richmond (June 14, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.richmond.com/news/virginia/government-politics/northam-defeats-perriello-for-democratic-nomination-for-governor-gillespie-edges/article_9bde85a8-a5eb-5e7b-8e99-44540b1f985b.html">"Northam defeats Perriello for Democratic nomination for governor; Gillespie edges Stewart in GOP contest"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Northam+defeats+Perriello+for+Democratic+nomination+for+governor%3B+Gillespie+edges+Stewart+in+GOP+contest&rft.date=2017-06-14&rft.aulast=Times-Dispatch&rft.aufirst=GRAHAM+MOOMAW+AND+PATRICK+WILSON+Richmond&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.richmond.com%2Fnews%2Fvirginia%2Fgovernment-politics%2Fnortham-defeats-perriello-for-democratic-nomination-for-governor-gillespie-edges%2Farticle_9bde85a8-a5eb-5e7b-8e99-44540b1f985b.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B000145">"BARKLEY, Alben William, (1877–1956)"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=BARKLEY%2C+Alben+William%2C+%281877%E2%80%931956%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DB000145&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_georgia/col2-content/main-content-list/title_carter_jimmy.html">"Georgia Governor Jimmy Earl Carter Jr"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Georgia+Governor+Jimmy+Earl+Carter+Jr.&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_georgia%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_carter_jimmy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_arkansas/col2-content/main-content-list/title_clinton_william.html">"Arkansas Governor William Jefferson Clinton"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Arkansas+Governor+William+Jefferson+Clinton&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_arkansas%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_clinton_william.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/1600/presidents/williamjclinton">"William J. Clinton"</a>. <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a>. The White House. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=White+House&rft.atitle=William+J.+Clinton&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fobamawhitehouse.archives.gov%2F1600%2Fpresidents%2Fwilliamjclinton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=G000321">"GORE, Albert Arnold, Jr., (1948 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. 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October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=senate.gov&rft.atitle=Carl+M.+Marcy&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.senate.gov%2Fartandhistory%2Fhistory%2Foral_history%2FCarl_M_Marcy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H000445">"HEFLIN, Howell Thomas, (1921–2005)"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. U.S. Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=HEFLIN%2C+Howell+Thomas%2C+%281921%E2%80%932005%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DH000445&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H000720">"HOLLAND, Spessard Lindsey, (1892–1971)"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=HOLLAND%2C+Spessard+Lindsey%2C+%281892%E2%80%931971%29&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DH000720&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_florida/col2-content/main-content-list/title_holland_spessard.html">"Florida Governor Spessard Lindsey Holland"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Florida+Governor+Spessard+Lindsey+Holland&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_florida%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_holland_spessard.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_south_carolina/col2-content/main-content-list/title_johnston_olin.html">"South Carolina Governor Olin De Witt Talmadge Johnston"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=South+Carolina+Governor+Olin+De+Witt+Talmadge+Johnston&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_south_carolina%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_johnston_olin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=J000195">"JOHNSTON, Olin DeWitt Talmadge, (1896–1965)"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=JOHNSTON%2C+Olin+DeWitt+Talmadge%2C+%281896%E2%80%931965%29&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DJ000195&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=K000044">"KEFAUVER, Carey Estes, (1903–1963)"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=KEFAUVER%2C+Carey+Estes%2C+%281903%E2%80%931963%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DK000044&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_louisiana/col2-content/main-content-list/title_long_earl.html">"Louisiana Governor Earl Kemp Long"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 7, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Louisiana+Governor+Earl+Kemp+Long&rft.date=2011-10-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_louisiana%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_long_earl.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_louisiana/col2-content/main-content-list/title_long_huey.html">"Louisiana Governor Huey Pierce Long"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 7, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Louisiana+Governor+Huey+Pierce+Long&rft.date=2011-10-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_louisiana%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_long_huey.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=L000418">"LONG, Huey Pierce, (1893–1935)"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=LONG%2C+Huey+Pierce%2C+%281893%E2%80%931935%29&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DL000418&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=M000332">"McCLELLAN, John Little, (1896–1977)"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=McCLELLAN%2C+John+Little%2C+%281896%E2%80%931977%29&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DM000332&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=M000413">"McDONALD, Lawrence Patton, (1935–1983)"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. U.S. Congress. 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October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=RAYBURN%2C+Samuel+Taliaferro%2C+%281882%E2%80%931961%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DR000082&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110602000056/http://artandhistory.house.gov/highlights.aspx?action=view&intID=296">"Speaker of the House Sam Rayburn of Texas"</a>. house.gov. U.S. House of Representatives. October 9, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://artandhistory.house.gov/highlights.aspx?action=view&intID=296">the original</a> on June 2, 2011. Retrieved October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=house.gov&rft.atitle=Speaker+of+the+House+Sam+Rayburn+of+Texas&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fartandhistory.house.gov%2Fhighlights.aspx%3Faction%3Dview%26intID%3D296&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lrl.texas.gov/legeleaders/governors/govPage.cfm?governorID=42">"Governors of Texas, 1846-present"</a>. lrl.texas.gov/. Legislative Reference Library of Texas. March 22, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=lrl.texas.gov%2F&rft.atitle=Governors+of+Texas%2C+1846-present&rft.date=2024-03-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flrl.texas.gov%2Flegeleaders%2Fgovernors%2FgovPage.cfm%3FgovernorID%3D42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=S000055">"SANFORD, (James) Terry, (1917–1998)"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=SANFORD%2C+%28James%29+Terry%2C+%281917%E2%80%931998%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DS000055&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_north_carolina/col2-content/main-content-list/title_sanford_james.html">"North Carolina Governor James Terry Sanford"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=North+Carolina+Governor+James+Terry+Sanford&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_north_carolina%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_sanford_james.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=S000852">"STENNIS, John Cornelius, (1901–1995)"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=STENNIS%2C+John+Cornelius%2C+%281901%E2%80%931995%29&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DS000852&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimkins1944" class="citation book cs1">Simkins, Francis (1944). Pitchfork Ben Tillman, South Carolinian. Louisiana State University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pitchfork+Ben+Tillman%2C+South+Carolinian&rft.pub=Louisiana+State+University+Press&rft.date=1944&rft.aulast=Simkins&rft.aufirst=Francis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_alabama/col2-content/main-content-list/title_wallace_george.html">"Alabama Governor George Corley Wallace"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. 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October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=YARBOROUGH%2C+Ralph+Webster%2C+%281903%E2%80%931996%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DY000006&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_florida/col2-content/main-content-list/title_askew_reubin.html">"Florida Governor Reubin O'Donovan Askew"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. 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October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=BENTSEN%2C+Lloyd+Millard%2C+Jr.%2C+%281921%E2%80%932006%29&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DB000401&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_louisiana/col2-content/main-content-list/title_blanco_kathleen.html">"Louisiana Governor Kathleen Babineaux Blanco"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Louisiana+Governor+Kathleen+Babineaux+Blanco&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_louisiana%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_blanco_kathleen.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B001057">"BUMPERS, Dale, (1925 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=BUMPERS%2C+Dale%2C+%281925+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DB001057&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_arkansas/col2-content/main-content-list/title_bumpers_dale.html">"Arkansas Governor Dale Bumpers"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Arkansas+Governor+Dale+Bumpers&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_arkansas%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_bumpers_dale.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/06/18/AR2005061801105_pf.html">"A Senator's Shame"</a>. washingtonpost.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=washingtonpost.com&rft.atitle=A+Senator%27s+Shame&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2005%2F06%2F18%2FAR2005061801105_pf.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B001210">"BYRD, Robert Carlyle, (1917–2010)"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. U.S. Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=BYRD%2C+Robert+Carlyle%2C+%281917%E2%80%932010%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DB001210&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111023203131/http://www.4president.org/ocmi1976.htm">"1976 Presidential Campaign"</a>. 4president.org. 4President Corporation. October 9, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.4president.org/ocmi1976.htm">the original</a> on October 23, 2011. Retrieved October 10, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=4president.org&rft.atitle=1976+Presidential+Campaign&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.4president.org%2Focmi1976.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C001034">"CLELAND, Joseph Maxwell (Max), (1942 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=CLELAND%2C+Joseph+Maxwell+%28Max%29%2C+%281942+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DC001034&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=E000067">"EDWARDS, Edwin Washington, (1927 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=EDWARDS%2C+Edwin+Washington%2C+%281927+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DE000067&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_louisiana/col2-content/main-content-list/title_edwards_edwin.html">"Louisiana Governor Edwin Washington Edwards"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Louisiana+Governor+Edwin+Washington+Edwards&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_louisiana%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_edwards_edwin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_kentucky/col2-content/main-content-list/title_ford_wendell.html">"Kentucky Governor Wendell Hampton Ford"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Kentucky+Governor+Wendell+Hampton+Ford&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_kentucky%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_ford_wendell.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=F000268">"FORD, Wendell Hampton, (1924 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. U.S. Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=FORD%2C+Wendell+Hampton%2C+%281924+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DF000268&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_florida/col2-content/main-content-list/title_graham_daniel.html">"Florida Governor Daniel Robert Graham"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Florida+Governor+Daniel+Robert+Graham&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_florida%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_graham_daniel.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=G000352">"GRAHAM, Daniel Robert (Bob), (1936 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=GRAHAM%2C+Daniel+Robert+%28Bob%29%2C+%281936+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DG000352&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H001049">"HAGAN, Kay, (1953 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=HAGAN%2C+Kay%2C+%281953+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DH001049&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_south_carolina/col2-content/main-content-list/title_hollings_ernest.html">"South Carolina Governor Ernest Frederick Hollings"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=South+Carolina+Governor+Ernest+Frederick+Hollings&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_south_carolina%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_hollings_ernest.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H000725">"HOLLINGS, Ernest Frederick, (1922 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=HOLLINGS%2C+Ernest+Frederick%2C+%281922+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DH000725&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bioguide.congress.gov/search/bio/L000287">"LEWIS, John R., (1940–2020)"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. February 2, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=LEWIS%2C+John+R.%2C+%281940%E2%80%932020%29&rft.date=2023-02-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fsearch%2Fbio%2FL000287&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_georgia/col2-content/main-content-list/title_maddox_lester.html">"Georgia Governor Lester Garfield Maddox"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Georgia+Governor+Lester+Garfield+Maddox&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_georgia%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_maddox_lester.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=M001141">"MILLER, Zell Bryan, (1932 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=MILLER%2C+Zell+Bryan%2C+%281932+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DM001141&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_georgia/col2-content/main-content-list/title_miller_zell.html">"Georgia Governor Zell Miller"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Georgia+Governor+Zell+Miller&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_georgia%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_miller_zell.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=T000254">"THURMOND, James Strom, (1902–2003)"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=THURMOND%2C+James+Strom%2C+%281902%E2%80%932003%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DT000254&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_south_carolina/col2-content/main-content-list/title_thurmond_james.html">"South Carolina Governor James Strom Thurmond"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=South+Carolina+Governor+James+Strom+Thurmond&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_south_carolina%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_thurmond_james.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/now/politics/dixiecrats.html">"Meet the Dixiecrats"</a>. pbs.org. PBS. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pbs.org&rft.atitle=Meet+the+Dixiecrats&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fnow%2Fpolitics%2Fdixiecrats.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_georgia/col2-content/main-content-list/title_barnes_roy.html">"Georgia Governor Roy E. Barnes"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Georgia+Governor+Roy+E.+Barnes&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_georgia%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_barnes_roy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=b001252">"Barrow, John, (1955 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=Barrow%2C+John%2C+%281955+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3Db001252&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/current-governors/col2-content/main-content-list/title_beebe_mike.html">"Arkansas Governor Mike Beebe"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Arkansas+Governor+Mike+Beebe&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fcurrent-governors%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_beebe_mike.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/current-governors/col2-content/main-content-list/steven-l-beshear.html">"Kentucky Governor Steven L. Beshear"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Kentucky+Governor+Steven+L.+Beshear&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fcurrent-governors%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Fsteven-l-beshear.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B000780">"BREAUX, John Berlinger, (1944 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=BREAUX%2C+John+Berlinger%2C+%281944+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DB000780&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_tennessee/col2-content/main-content-list/title_bredesen_phil.html">"Tennessee Governor Phil Bredesen"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Tennessee+Governor+Phil+Bredesen&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_tennessee%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_bredesen_phil.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C001058">"CHANDLER, A. B. (Ben), (1959 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. U.S. Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=CHANDLER%2C+A.+B.+%28Ben%29%2C+%281959+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DC001058&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C001074">"CHILDERS, Travis W., (1958 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=CHILDERS%2C+Travis+W.%2C+%281958+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DC001074&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_kentucky/col2-content/main-content-list/title_collins_martha.html">"Kentucky Governor Martha Layne Collins"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Kentucky+Governor+Martha+Layne+Collins&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_kentucky%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_collins_martha.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/elections/results/north-carolina-governor-mccrory-cooper">"North Carolina Governor Results: Roy Cooper Wins"</a>. The New York Times. August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=North+Carolina+Governor+Results%3A+Roy+Cooper+Wins&rft.date=2017-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Felections%2Fresults%2Fnorth-carolina-governor-mccrory-cooper&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/current-governors/col2-content/main-content-list/john-bel-edwards.default.html">"Louisiana Governor John Bel Edwards"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. September 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Louisiana+Governor+John+Bel+Edwards&rft.date=2016-09-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fcurrent-governors%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Fjohn-bel-edwards.default.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=E000286">"EDWARDS, John, (1953 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=EDWARDS%2C+John%2C+%281953+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DE000286&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boston.com/news/politics/2008/candidates/edwards/">"John Edwards (D-N.C.)"</a>. boston.com. Boston Globe. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=boston.com&rft.atitle=John+Edwards+%28D-N.C.%29&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2F2008%2Fcandidates%2Fedwards%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.wfsu.org/2017-05-02/former-congresswoman-gwen-graham-announces-run-for-florida-governor">"Former Congresswoman Gwen Graham Announces Run For Florida Governor"</a>. WFSU News. May 2, 2017. Retrieved January 20, 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WFSU+News&rft.atitle=Former+Congresswoman+Gwen+Graham+Announces+Run+For+Florida+Governor&rft.date=2017-05-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.wfsu.org%2F2017-05-02%2Fformer-congresswoman-gwen-graham-announces-run-for-florida-governor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_south_carolina/col2-content/main-content-list/title_hodges_jim.html">"South Carolina Governor Jim Hodges"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=South+Carolina+Governor+Jim+Hodges&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_south_carolina%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_hodges_jim.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=J000189">"JOHNSTON, John Bennett, Jr., (1932 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=JOHNSTON%2C+John+Bennett%2C+Jr.%2C+%281932+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DJ000189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-42321396">"Who is Alabama Senate victor Doug Jones?"</a>. BBC News. December 13, 2017. Retrieved December 14, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Who+is+Alabama+Senate+victor+Doug+Jones%3F&rft.date=2017-12-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-us-canada-42321396&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=L000550">"LANDRIEU, Mary L., (1955 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=LANDRIEU%2C+Mary+L.%2C+%281955+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DL000550&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJr" class="citation web cs1">Jr, Al Lawson. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tallahassee.com/story/opinion/2023/01/03/it-has-been-my-great-honor-and-privilege-to-serve-congressman-al-lawson/69767149007/">"'It has been my great honor and privilege to serve' | Congressman Al Lawson"</a>. Tallahassee Democrat. Retrieved January 20, 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tallahassee+Democrat&rft.atitle=%E2%80%98It+has+been+my+great+honor+and+privilege+to+serve%E2%80%99+%7C+Congressman+Al+Lawson&rft.aulast=Jr&rft.aufirst=Al+Lawson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tallahassee.com%2Fstory%2Fopinion%2F2023%2F01%2F03%2Fit-has-been-my-great-honor-and-privilege-to-serve-congressman-al-lawson%2F69767149007%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=L000035">"LINCOLN, Blanche Lambert, (1960 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=LINCOLN%2C+Blanche+Lambert%2C+%281960+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DL000035&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.southerngovernors.org/Governors/MDMartinOMalley.aspx">"MD-Martin O'Malley"</a>. Southern Governors Association.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Southern+Governors+Association&rft.atitle=MD-Martin+O%27Malley&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.southerngovernors.org%2FGovernors%2FMDMartinOMalley.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_west_virginia/col2-content/main-content-list/title_manchin-iii_joe.html">"West Virginia Governor Joe Manchin III"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=West+Virginia+Governor+Joe+Manchin+III&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_west_virginia%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_manchin-iii_joe.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=M001183">"MANCHIN, Joe, III, (1947 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. U.S. Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=MANCHIN%2C+Joe%2C+III%2C+%281947+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DM001183&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWongSantaliz2024" class="citation web cs1">Wong, Scott; Santaliz, Kate (May 31, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/sen-joe-manchin-leaves-democratic-party-registers-independent-rcna154885">"Sen. Joe Manchin leaves the Democratic Party and registers as an independent"</a>. NBC News. 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October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=NELSON%2C+Clarence+William+%28Bill%29%2C+%281942+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DN000032&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/card/sources-ed-gillespie-has-called-ralph-northam-concede-n818781">"Sources: Ed Gillespie Has Called Ralph Northam to Concede"</a>. NBC News. Retrieved December 14, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Sources%3A+Ed+Gillespie+Has+Called+Ralph+Northam+to+Concede&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fcard%2Fsources-ed-gillespie-has-called-ralph-northam-concede-n818781&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=N000171">"NUNN, Samuel Augustus, (1938 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=NUNN%2C+Samuel+Augustus%2C+%281938+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DN000171&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_kentucky/col2-content/main-content-list/title_patton_paul.html">"Kentucky Governor Paul E. Patton"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Kentucky+Governor+Paul+E.+Patton&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_kentucky%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_patton_paul.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_georgia/col2-content/main-content-list/title_perdue_sonny.html">"Georgia Governor Sonny Perdue"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Georgia+Governor+Sonny+Perdue&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_georgia%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_perdue_sonny.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/node/1431845">"Georgia goes Republican The rain fell"</a>. Economist. November 7, 2002. Retrieved October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Economist&rft.atitle=Georgia+goes+Republican+The+rain+fell&rft.date=2002-11-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnode%2F1431845&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=P000556">"PRYOR, David Hampton, (1934 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=PRYOR%2C+David+Hampton%2C+%281934+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DP000556&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_arkansas/col2-content/main-content-list/title_pryor_david.html">"Arkansas Governor David Hampton Pryor"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Arkansas+Governor+David+Hampton+Pryor&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_arkansas%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_pryor_david.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=P000590">"PRYOR, Mark, (1963 – )"</a>. bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bioguide.congress.gov&rft.atitle=PRYOR%2C+Mark%2C+%281963+%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DP000590&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_virginia/col2-content/main-content-list/title_wilder_l-douglas.html">"Virginia Governor L. Douglas Wilder"</a>. nga.org. National Governors Association. October 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.org&rft.atitle=Virginia+Governor+L.+Douglas+Wilder&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.org%2Fcms%2Fhome%2Fgovernors%2Fpast-governors-bios%2Fpage_virginia%2Fcol2-content%2Fmain-content-list%2Ftitle_wilder_l-douglas.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Democrats" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> Earl Black, and Merle Black, "The Wallace vote in Alabama: A multiple regression analysis." Journal of Politics 35.3 (1973): 730–736. </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> The ticket won 11 states; its best result was in Texas where it received 75.5%. </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> Electors not pledged to any candidate were on the ballot in South Carolina and Texas, where they received 7.5% and 11.8%, respectively. </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> Running as the nominees of the <a href="/wiki/States%27_Rights_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="States' Rights Democratic Party">States' Rights Democratic Party</a>, the ticket won 4 states, and received one additional vote from a Tennessee <a href="/wiki/Faithless_elector" title="Faithless elector">faithless elector</a> pledged to <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a>. Its best result was in South Carolina, where it received 87.2% of the vote. In Alabama and Mississippi, Thurmond was listed as the Democratic nominee; Truman was the "National Democratic" candidate in Mississippi and was not on the ballot in Alabama. </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> Electors not pledged to any candidate were on the ballot in several states. </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> Running as the nominees of the States' Rights Party and <a href="/wiki/Constitution_Party_(United_States,_1952)" title="Constitution Party (United States, 1952)">Constitution Party</a>, the ticket's best result was in Virginia, where it received 6.2% of the vote. </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> Jones and Talmadge received one electoral vote from an Alabama faithless elector pledged to <a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II">Adlai Stevenson</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> Electors not pledged to any candidate were on the ballot in several states. In Mississippi, the slate of unpledged electors won the state. In Alabama, eleven Democratic electors were chosen, six unpledged and five for nominee <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>. The Mississippi and Alabama unpledged electors voted for <a href="/wiki/Harry_F._Byrd" title="Harry F. Byrd">Harry F. Byrd</a> for President and <a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">Strom Thurmond</a> for Vice President; in addition, one faithless elector from Oklahoma pledged to <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> voted for Byrd for President, but for <a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Barry Goldwater</a> for Vice President. </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> Running as the nominees of the <a href="/wiki/National_States%27_Rights_Party" title="National States' Rights Party">National States' Rights Party</a>, the ticket's best result was in Arkansas, where it received 6.8% of the vote. </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> Electors not pledged to any candidate were on the ballot in Alabama, where they replaced national nominee <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> and received 30.6% of the vote. </li> </ol></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Further reading" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <ul><li>Barone, Michael, and others. The Almanac of American Politics 1976: The Senators, the Representatives and the Governors: Their Records and Election Results, Their States and Districts (1975–2017); new edition every 2 years; detailed political profile of every governor and member of Congress, as well as state and district politics</li> <li>Bateman, David, Ira Katznelson and John S. Lapinski. (2020). Southern Nation: Congress and white supremacy after reconstruction. Princeton University Press.</li> <li>Black, Earl and Merle Black. Politics and Society in the South (1989)</li> <li>Bullock III, Charles S. and Mark J. Rozell, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Southern Politics (2012)</li> <li>Bullock, Charles S.; MacManus, Susan A.; Mayer, Jeremy D.; Rozell, Mark J. (2019). The South and the Transformation of U.S. Politics. Oxford University Press.</li> <li>Glaser, James M. The Hand of the Past in Contemporary Southern Politics (2013)</li> <li>Key, V. O. Southern Politics in State and Nation (1951), famous classic</li> <li>Kuziemko, Ilyana, and Ebonya Washington. "Why did the Democrats lose the south? Bringing new data to an old debate" ( No. w21703. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2015.) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://economics.yale.edu/sites/default/files/files/south_dems_6dec2017.pdf">online</a></li> <li>Rae, Nicol C. Southern Democrats (Oxford University Press, 1994)</li> <li>Richter, William L. Historical Dictionary of the Old South (2005)</li> <li>Shafer, Byron E. The End of Southern Exceptionalism: Class, Race, and Partisan Change in the Postwar South (2006) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/The-End-Southern-Exceptionalism-Partisan/dp/0674019342/">excerpt and text search</a></li> <li>Twyman, Robert W. and David C. Roller, eds. Encyclopedia of Southern History LSU Press (1979).</li> <li>Woodard, J. David. The New Southern Politics (2006)</li></ul>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&oldid=1275330365">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&oldid=1275330365</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Democrats&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 12 February 2025, at 11:30 </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dem%C3%B3cratas_del_sur" title="Demócratas del sur – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Demócratas del sur" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="دمکرات‌های جنوبی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دمکرات‌های جنوبی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="דמוקרטים דרומיים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דמוקרטים דרומיים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Южные демократы – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Южные демократы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%9A" title="南方民主党 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="南方民主党" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; 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