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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Award</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nobel_prize_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/20px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/30px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/40px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span style="font-size:120%;"><b>Mo Yan</b></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Mo_Yan_13_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Mo_Yan_13_2012.jpg/220px-Mo_Yan_13_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Mo_Yan_13_2012.jpg/330px-Mo_Yan_13_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Mo_Yan_13_2012.jpg/440px-Mo_Yan_13_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3022" data-file-height="2418" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><i><b>"who with hallucinatory realism merges folk tales, history and the contemporary."</b></i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 33%;">Date</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>11 October 2012<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2012-10-11</span>)</span> (announcement)</li> <li>10 December 2012 <br />(ceremony)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 33%;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data location"><a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>, Sweden</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 33%;">Presented by</th><td class="infobox-data attendee"><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Academy" title="Swedish Academy">Swedish Academy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 33%;">First awarded</th><td class="infobox-data">1901</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 33%;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2012/summary/">Official website</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint nowrap" style="border-top: 1px solid #000; padding-top: 5px; font-weight: bold;"><table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/2011_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2011 Nobel Prize in Literature">2011</a> <b>·</b></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;" class=""><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Nobel Prize in Literature</a></td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;" class="noprint"><b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/2013_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2013 Nobel Prize in Literature">2013</a> →</td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>2012 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Nobel Prize in Literature</a></b> was awarded to the Chinese writer <a href="/wiki/Mo_Yan" title="Mo Yan">Mo Yan</a> (born 1955) "who with <a href="/wiki/Hallucinatory_realism" title="Hallucinatory realism">hallucinatory realism</a> merges folk tales, history and the contemporary."<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is the second Chinese author to win the prize after the exiled <a href="/wiki/Gao_Xingjian" title="Gao Xingjian">Gao Xingjian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-io_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-io-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Laureate">Laureate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2012_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Laureate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mo_Yan" title="Mo Yan">Mo Yan</a></div> <p>Mo Yan's writings cover a wide span from short stories, to novels and essays. His earlier works such as <i><a href="/wiki/White_Dog_and_the_Swing" title="White Dog and the Swing">Bái gǒu qiūqiān jià</a></i> ("White Dog and the Swing", 1981–1989) – were written according to the prevailing literary dictates of the ruling regime. Over time, however, his storytelling began to seek out its own, more independent paths. His works include <i><a href="/wiki/Red_Sorghum_(novel)" title="Red Sorghum (novel)">Hóng gāoliang jiāzú</a></i> ("Red Sorghum", 1986), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Garlic_Ballads" title="The Garlic Ballads">Tiantàng suàntái zhī gē</a></i> ("The Garlic Ballads", 1988) and <i><a href="/wiki/Life_and_Death_Are_Wearing_Me_Out" title="Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out">Shéngsi píláo</a></i> ("Life and Death are Wearing Me Out", 2006). His narrative style bears the hallmarks of <a href="/wiki/Magical_realism" title="Magical realism">magical realism</a> and often use older Chinese literature and popular oral traditions as a starting point, combining these with contemporary social issues. Among his other famous literary works include <i><a href="/wiki/The_Herbivorous_Family" title="The Herbivorous Family">Shí cǎo jiāzú</a></i> ("The Herbivorous Family", 1993) and <i><a href="/wiki/Big_Breasts_%26_Wide_Hips" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Breasts & Wide Hips">Fēng rǔ féi tún</a></i> ("Big Breasts & Wide Hips", 1995).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-io_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-io-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reactions">Reactions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2012_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Reactions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mo_Yan_14_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Mo_Yan_14_2012.jpg/240px-Mo_Yan_14_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Mo_Yan_14_2012.jpg/360px-Mo_Yan_14_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Mo_Yan_14_2012.jpg/480px-Mo_Yan_14_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2649" data-file-height="2397" /></a><figcaption>Mo Yan in Stockholm to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature 2012</figcaption></figure> <p>Aged 57 at the time of the announcement, he was the 109th recipient of the award and the first ever resident of <a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">mainland China</a> to receive it. In his Award Ceremony Speech, <a href="/wiki/Per_W%C3%A4stberg" title="Per Wästberg">Per Wästberg</a> explained: "Mo Yan is a poet who tears down stereotypical propaganda posters, elevating the individual from an anonymous human mass. Using ridicule and sarcasm Mo Yan attacks history and its falsifications as well as deprivation and political hypocrisy."<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Swedish Academy's permanent secretary <a href="/wiki/Peter_Englund" title="Peter Englund">Peter Englund</a> said less formally, "He has such a damn unique way of writing. If you read half a page of Mo Yan you immediately recognize it as him".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During a seminar on Mo Yan at <a href="/wiki/Beijing_Normal_University" title="Beijing Normal University">Beijing Normal University</a> in April 2011, executive director of CLT and WLT, revealed that he had proposed Mo Yan for the 2012 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Nobel Prize in Literature</a>. Davis address that, given Mo Yan's fame and production, his work should serve as the best ground in quality and depth of <a href="/wiki/Modern_Chinese_Literature_and_Culture" title="Modern Chinese Literature and Culture">modern Chinese literature</a> for Westerners.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the awarding of the prize to Mo Yan in 2012, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ran_Malmqvist" title="Göran Malmqvist">Göran Malmqvist</a>, a member of the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Academy" title="Swedish Academy">Swedish Academy</a>, was criticized for a possible conflict of interest, as he had close personal and economic relations to Mo Yan.<sup id="cite_ref-ty_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ty-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had translated several of Mo Yan's works into Swedish and published some through his own publishing house. Mo Yan had also written a laudatory preface to one of Malmqvist's own books, and been a close friend of Malmqvist's wife for 15 years. The Nobel committee denied that this constituted a conflict of interest, and said that it would have been absurd for Malmqvist to recuse.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ty_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ty-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies_and_criticism">Controversies and criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2012_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Controversies and criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Winning the Nobel Prize occasioned both support and criticism. Firstly, it won warm welcome from the Chinese government immediately after the announcement of the Nobel Prize. The <i><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Daily" title="People's Daily">People's Daily</a> Online</i>, the official newspaper of the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a>, published on 11 October 2012: "Congratulations to Mo Yan for winning the Nobel Prize in Literature! It is the first time for a writer of Chinese nationality to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. Today is the day that Chinese writers have awaited for too long and that Chinese people have awaited for too long."<sup id="cite_ref-PeopleDaily_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PeopleDaily-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Chinese writer <a href="/wiki/Ma_Jian_(writer)" title="Ma Jian (writer)">Ma Jian</a> deplored Mo Yan's lack of solidarity and commitment to other Chinese writers and intellectuals who were punished or detained in violation of their constitutionally protected <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech" title="Freedom of speech">freedom of expression</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cowherd2nobel_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cowherd2nobel-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several other Chinese dissidents such as Ye Du and <a href="/wiki/Ai_Weiwei" title="Ai Weiwei">Ai Weiwei</a> also criticized him,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as did 2009 Nobel Laureate <a href="/wiki/Herta_M%C3%BCller" title="Herta Müller">Herta Müller</a> who called the decision a "catastrophe".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A specific criticism was that Mo hand-copied <a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a>'s influential <i><a href="/wiki/Yan%27an_Talks_on_Literature_and_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Yan'an Talks on Literature and Art">Yan'an Talks on Literature and Art</a></i> in commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the speech, which described the writer's responsibility to place politics before art.<sup id="cite_ref-manenough_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manenough-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These "Talks"—which were the intellectual handcuffs of Chinese writers throughout the Mao era and were almost universally reviled by writers during the years between Mao's death in 1976 and the <a href="/wiki/1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre</a>—were now again being held up for adulation. Mo Yan not only agreed but has gone further than others to explain that the "Talks," in their time, had "historical necessity" and "played a positive role."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has also attracted criticism for his supposed good relationship with the Chinese Communist Party in general.<sup id="cite_ref-dickens_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dickens-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mo Yan released a publication by the name of <i>Big Breasts and Wide Hips</i> that caught criticism and came under fire for its sexual content and how it portrayed the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of China">Communist Party</a> in early 20th century China.<sup id="cite_ref-Morgan_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morgan-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to the abundance of negative feedback from the community, Mo Yan was forced to withdraw this short story from publication.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Anna Sun, an assistant professor of Sociology and Asian studies at <a href="/wiki/Kenyon_College" title="Kenyon College">Kenyon College</a>, criticized Mo's writing as coarse, predictable, and lacking in aesthetic conviction. "Mo Yan's language is striking indeed," she writes, but it is striking because "it is diseased. The disease is caused by the conscious renunciation of China's cultural past at the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949."<sup id="cite_ref-Kenyon_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kenyon-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Charles Laughlin of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia" title="University of Virginia">University of Virginia</a>, however, accuses Sun of "piling up aesthetic objections to conceal ideological conflict," comparing her characterization of Mo to the official <a href="/wiki/China_Writers_Association" title="China Writers Association">China Writers Association</a>'s characterization of <a href="/wiki/Gao_Xingjian" title="Gao Xingjian">Gao Xingjian</a> as a mediocre writer when Gao won the Nobel Prize in 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-Laughlin_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Laughlin-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Perry_Link" title="Perry Link">Perry Link</a>, describing Mo Yan's fiction and politics in the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Review_of_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Review of Books">New York Review of Books</a></i>, asked, "Does this writer deserve the prize?" Link commented that Chinese writers, whether "inside the system" or not, "all must choose how they will relate to their country's authoritarian government." This "inevitably involves calculations, trade-offs, and the playing of cards in various ways." Link's main criticism was that Mo Yan "invoke(d) a kind of daft hilarity when treating 'sensitive' events" such as the <a href="/wiki/Great_Chinese_Famine" title="Great Chinese Famine">Great Chinese Famine</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" title="Cultural Revolution">Cultural Revolution</a>. Link believed that the regime approved it because "this mode of writing is useful not just because it diverts a square look at history but because of its function as a safety valve." As Link pointed out, to treat sensitive topics as jokes might be better than banning them outright. Link compared Mo to <a href="/wiki/Liu_Xiaobo" title="Liu Xiaobo">Liu Xiaobo</a>, winner of the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize, who was jailed for dissidence, whose moral choices were "highly unusual." It would be wrong, Link concludes, "for spectators like you and me, who enjoy the comfort of distance, to demand that Mo Yan risk all and be another Liu Xiaobo. But it would be even more wrong to mistake the clear difference between the two."<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Charles Laughlin, however, published an article called <i>What Mo Yan's Detractors Get Wrong</i><sup id="cite_ref-Laughlin2_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Laughlin2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on ChinaFile against Link's argument. As a response to Link's criticism that Mo Yan trivialized serious historical tragedies by using black humor and what he called "daft hilarity", Laughlin emphasized the distinction between documentary and art and literature: "art and literature, particularly since the traumas of the twentieth century, never simply document experience." Laughlin argued that Mo Yan's intended readers already know that "the <a href="/wiki/Great_Leap_Forward" title="Great Leap Forward">Great Leap Forward</a> led to a catastrophic famine, and any artistic approach to historical trauma is inflected or refracted." According to him, "Mo Yan writes about the period he writes about because they were traumatic, not because they were hilarious."<sup id="cite_ref-Laughlin2_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Laughlin2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Salman_Rushdie" title="Salman Rushdie">Salman Rushdie</a> called Mo Yan a "patsy" for refusing to sign a petition asking for Liu Xiaobo's freedom.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pankaj_Mishra" title="Pankaj Mishra">Pankaj Mishra</a> saw an "unexamined assumption" lurking in the "western scorn" for these choices, namely that "Anglo-American writers" were not criticized for similarly apolitical attitudes.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a rare interview with German newspaper <a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a>, Mo Yan, using a translator said "I know he envies me for this award and I understand this. But his criticism is unjustified," about fellow Chinese writer and musician <a href="/wiki/Liao_Yiwu" title="Liao Yiwu">Liao Yiwu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also stated that his major critics, "use magnifying glasses to look for my flaws and they even distort the meaning of my poems".<sup id="cite_ref-:1_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In his Nobel Lecture, Mo Yan himself commented, "At first I thought I was the target of the disputes, but over time I've come to realize that the real target was a person who had nothing to do with me. Like someone watching a play in a theater, I observed the performances around me. I saw the winner of the prize both garlanded with flowers and besieged by stone-throwers and mudslingers." He concluded that "for a writer, the best way to speak is by writing. You will find everything I need to say in my works. Speech is carried off by the wind; the written word can never be obliterated."<sup id="cite_ref-nobelspeech_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nobelspeech-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the awarding of the prize to Mo Yan in 2012, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ran_Malmqvist" title="Göran Malmqvist">Göran Malmqvist</a>, a member of the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Academy" title="Swedish Academy">Swedish Academy</a>, was criticized for a possible conflict of interest, as he had close personal and economic relations to Mo Yan.<sup id="cite_ref-ty_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ty-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had translated several of Mo Yan's works into Swedish and published some through his own publishing house. Mo Yan had also written a laudatory preface to one of Malmqvist's own books, and been a close friend of Malmqvist's wife for 15 years. The Nobel committee denied that this constituted a conflict of interest, and said that it would have been absurd for Malmqvist to recuse.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ty_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ty-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2012_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>11 October 2012</b>: Permanent secretary <a href="/wiki/Peter_Englund" title="Peter Englund">Peter Englund</a>'s announcement of the 2012 Nobel Prize laureate in Literature</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Announcement_of_Nobel_laureate_in_literature_2012_Academy_secretary_Peter_Englund_in_interview_02.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Announcement_of_Nobel_laureate_in_literature_2012_Academy_secretary_Peter_Englund_in_interview_02.JPG/120px-Announcement_of_Nobel_laureate_in_literature_2012_Academy_secretary_Peter_Englund_in_interview_02.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Announcement_of_Nobel_laureate_in_literature_2012_Academy_secretary_Peter_Englund_in_interview_02.JPG/180px-Announcement_of_Nobel_laureate_in_literature_2012_Academy_secretary_Peter_Englund_in_interview_02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Announcement_of_Nobel_laureate_in_literature_2012_Academy_secretary_Peter_Englund_in_interview_02.JPG/240px-Announcement_of_Nobel_laureate_in_literature_2012_Academy_secretary_Peter_Englund_in_interview_02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NTDTV_in_Stockholm.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/NTDTV_in_Stockholm.JPG/120px-NTDTV_in_Stockholm.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/NTDTV_in_Stockholm.JPG/180px-NTDTV_in_Stockholm.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/NTDTV_in_Stockholm.JPG/240px-NTDTV_in_Stockholm.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="3090" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_Englund_14.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Peter_Englund_14.JPG/120px-Peter_Englund_14.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Peter_Englund_14.JPG/180px-Peter_Englund_14.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Peter_Englund_14.JPG/240px-Peter_Englund_14.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3564" data-file-height="2360" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:G%C3%B6ran_Malmqvist_och_Chen_Maiping.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/G%C3%B6ran_Malmqvist_och_Chen_Maiping.JPG/120px-G%C3%B6ran_Malmqvist_och_Chen_Maiping.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/G%C3%B6ran_Malmqvist_och_Chen_Maiping.JPG/180px-G%C3%B6ran_Malmqvist_och_Chen_Maiping.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/G%C3%B6ran_Malmqvist_och_Chen_Maiping.JPG/240px-G%C3%B6ran_Malmqvist_och_Chen_Maiping.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4130" data-file-height="3227" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_Englund_15.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Peter_Englund_15.JPG/120px-Peter_Englund_15.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Peter_Englund_15.JPG/180px-Peter_Englund_15.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Peter_Englund_15.JPG/240px-Peter_Englund_15.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3685" data-file-height="2441" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> </ul> <ul><li><b>6 December 2012</b>: Nobel laureate Mo Yan during the Academy's press conference.</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DIMG_4572_(8253170864).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/DIMG_4572_%288253170864%29.jpg/120px-DIMG_4572_%288253170864%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/DIMG_4572_%288253170864%29.jpg/180px-DIMG_4572_%288253170864%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/DIMG_4572_%288253170864%29.jpg/240px-DIMG_4572_%288253170864%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5519" data-file-height="3599" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mo_Yan_17_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Mo_Yan_17_2012.jpg/120px-Mo_Yan_17_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Mo_Yan_17_2012.jpg/180px-Mo_Yan_17_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Mo_Yan_17_2012.jpg/240px-Mo_Yan_17_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DIMG_4602_(8252100753).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/DIMG_4602_%288252100753%29.jpg/120px-DIMG_4602_%288252100753%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/DIMG_4602_%288252100753%29.jpg/180px-DIMG_4602_%288252100753%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/DIMG_4602_%288252100753%29.jpg/240px-DIMG_4602_%288252100753%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4417" data-file-height="3510" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mo_Yan_12_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Mo_Yan_12_2012.jpg/120px-Mo_Yan_12_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Mo_Yan_12_2012.jpg/180px-Mo_Yan_12_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Mo_Yan_12_2012.jpg/240px-Mo_Yan_12_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2870" data-file-height="1999" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mo_Yan_17_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Mo_Yan_17_2012.jpg/120px-Mo_Yan_17_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Mo_Yan_17_2012.jpg/180px-Mo_Yan_17_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Mo_Yan_17_2012.jpg/240px-Mo_Yan_17_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2012_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2012/summary/">The Nobel Prize in Literature 2012</a> nobelprize.org</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-io-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-io_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-io_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mo-Yan">Mo Yan</a> britannica.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2012/yan/facts/">Mo Yan – Facts</a> nobelprize.org</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Business+Standard&rft.atitle=From+cowherd+to+Nobel%2C+it+was+a+long+lonely+journey%3A+Mo+Yan&rft.date=2012-10-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbusiness-standard.com%2Findia%2Fnews%2Ffrom-cowherd-to-nobel-it-waslong-lonely-journey-mo-yan%2F190857%2Fon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2012+Nobel+Prize+in+Literature" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121210094539/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hF40kSvhPqArvfADF4OBH3B_0QOg?docId=CNG.e0a83893fea5c249564658b0cf94c359.01">"Mo Yan Nobel lecture derided by China dissidents"</a>. Agence France-Presse. 8 December 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hF40kSvhPqArvfADF4OBH3B_0QOg?docId=CNG.e0a83893fea5c249564658b0cf94c359.01">the original</a> on December 10, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Mo+Yan+Nobel+lecture+derided+by+China+dissidents&rft.date=2012-12-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fhostednews%2Fafp%2Farticle%2FALeqM5hF40kSvhPqArvfADF4OBH3B_0QOg%3FdocId%3DCNG.e0a83893fea5c249564658b0cf94c359.01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2012+Nobel+Prize+in+Literature" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2012/nov/26/mo-yan-nobel-herta-muller">"Mo Yan's Nobel nod a 'catastrophe', says fellow laureate Herta Müller"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. 6 December 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Mo+Yan%27s+Nobel+nod+a+%27catastrophe%27%2C+says+fellow+laureate+Herta+M%C3%BCller&rft.date=2012-12-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2012%2Fnov%2F26%2Fmo-yan-nobel-herta-muller&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2012+Nobel+Prize+in+Literature" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-manenough-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-manenough_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZhou2012" class="citation news cs1">Zhou, Raymond (9 October 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/life/2012-10/09/content_15803010.htm">"Is Mo Yan man enough for the Nobel?"</a>. <i>China Daily</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=China+Daily&rft.atitle=Is+Mo+Yan+man+enough+for+the+Nobel%3F&rft.date=2012-10-09&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinadaily.com.cn%2Flife%2F2012-10%2F09%2Fcontent_15803010.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2012+Nobel+Prize+in+Literature" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Perry Link <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2012/dec/06/mo-yan-nobel-prize/?pagination=false&printpage=true">"Does This Writer Deserve the Prize?"</a> <a href="/wiki/New_York_Review_of_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Review of Books">New York Review of Books</a>, (6 December 2012).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dickens-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dickens_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/news/china/21564894-prestigious-award-chinese-writer-sparks-debate-about-literary-freedom">"The Nobel prize in literature: A Chinese Dickens?"</a>. <i>The Economist</i>. 20 October 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=The+Nobel+prize+in+literature%3A+A+Chinese+Dickens%3F&rft.date=2012-10-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnews%2Fchina%2F21564894-prestigious-award-chinese-writer-sparks-debate-about-literary-freedom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2012+Nobel+Prize+in+Literature" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Morgan-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Morgan_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://u.osu.edu/mclc/book-reviews/big-breasts-and-wide-hips/">"Big Breasts and Wide Hips"</a>. 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Big+Breasts+and+Wide+Hips&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fu.osu.edu%2Fmclc%2Fbook-reviews%2Fbig-breasts-and-wide-hips%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2012+Nobel+Prize+in+Literature" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kenyon-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kenyon_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Anna Sun. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kenyonreview.org/kr-online-issue/2012-fall/selections/anna-sun-656342/">"The Diseased Language of Mo Yan"</a>, The Kenyon Review, Fall 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Laughlin-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Laughlin_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaughlin2012" class="citation news cs1">Laughlin, Charles (17 December 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cn.nytimes.com/article/culture-arts/2012/12/17/c17moyan/en/?pagemode=print">"What Mo Yan's Detractors Get Wrong"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=What+Mo+Yan%27s+Detractors+Get+Wrong&rft.date=2012-12-17&rft.aulast=Laughlin&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcn.nytimes.com%2Farticle%2Fculture-arts%2F2012%2F12%2F17%2Fc17moyan%2Fen%2F%3Fpagemode%3Dprint&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2012+Nobel+Prize+in+Literature" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Perry Link,<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2012/dec/06/mo-yan-nobel-prize/?pagination=false&printpage=true">"Does This Writer Deserve the Prize?"</a> <a href="/wiki/New_York_Review_of_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Review of Books">New York Review of Books</a>, (6 December 2012).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Laughlin2-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Laughlin2_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Laughlin2_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.chinafile.com/what-mo-yans-detractors-get-wrong">[1]</a>, What Mo Yan's Detractors Get Wrong</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salon.com/2012/12/07/rushdie_mo_yan_is_a_patsy_of_the_regime">"Rushdie: Mo Yan is a "patsy of the regime"</a>. <i>Salon</i> 6 December 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2012/dec/13/mo-yan-salman-rushdie-censorship?INTCMP=SRCH%7CWhy">Salman Rushdie should pause before condemning Mo Yan on censorship</a><i>The Guardian</i> 13 December 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/feb/28/mo-yan-dismisses-nobel-critics">"Mo Yan dismisses 'envious' Nobel critics"</a>. <i>the Guardian</i>. 2013-02-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=the+Guardian&rft.atitle=Mo+Yan+dismisses+%27envious%27+Nobel+critics&rft.date=2013-02-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2013%2Ffeb%2F28%2Fmo-yan-dismisses-nobel-critics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2012+Nobel+Prize+in+Literature" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nobelspeech-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nobelspeech_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/2012/yan-lecture_en.html">"Mo Yan – Nobel Lecture: Storytellers"</a>. translated by Howard Goldblatt, 26 February 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130709123510/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/social_affairs/AJ201211080116">"Friend of writer Mo Yan serves on Nobel Prize selection panel - AJW by the Asahi Shimbun"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/social_affairs/AJ201211080116">the original</a> on 9 July 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Friend+of+writer+Mo+Yan+serves+on+Nobel+Prize+selection+panel+-+AJW+by+the+Asahi+Shimbun&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fajw.asahi.com%2Farticle%2Fbehind_news%2Fsocial_affairs%2FAJ201211080116&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2012+Nobel+Prize+in+Literature" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGroll2012" class="citation web cs1">Groll, Elias (18 October 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2012/10/18/was-there-a-conflict-of-interest-behind-the-nobel-literature-prize/">"Was there a conflict of interest behind the Nobel literature prize?"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191018142159/https://foreignpolicy.com/2012/10/18/was-there-a-conflict-of-interest-behind-the-nobel-literature-prize/">Archived</a> from the original on 18 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 Oct</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Was+there+a+conflict+of+interest+behind+the+Nobel+literature+prize%3F&rft.date=2012-10-18&rft.aulast=Groll&rft.aufirst=Elias&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforeignpolicy.com%2F2012%2F10%2F18%2Fwas-there-a-conflict-of-interest-behind-the-nobel-literature-prize%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2012+Nobel+Prize+in+Literature" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2012_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2013/prize-announcement/">Prize announcement 2013</a> nobelprize.org</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2013/award-video/">Award Ceremony</a> nobelprize.org</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2013/ceremony-speech/">Award ceremony speech</a> nobelprize.org</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Template talk:Nobel Prize in Literature"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nobel Prize in Literature"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Laureates_of_the_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_in_Literature" title="List of Nobel laureates in Literature">Laureates</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Nobel Prize in Literature</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1901–1920</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1901_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1901 Nobel Prize in Literature">1901</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sully_Prudhomme" title="Sully Prudhomme">Sully Prudhomme</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1902_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1902 Nobel Prize in Literature">1902</a>: <a href="/wiki/Theodor_Mommsen" title="Theodor Mommsen">Theodor Mommsen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1903_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1903 Nobel Prize in Literature">1903</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bj%C3%B8rnstjerne_Bj%C3%B8rnson" title="Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson">Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1904_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1904 Nobel Prize in Literature">1904</a>: <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Mistral" title="Frédéric Mistral">Frédéric Mistral</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Echegaray" title="José Echegaray">José Echegaray</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1905_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1905 Nobel Prize in Literature">1905</a>: <a href="/wiki/Henryk_Sienkiewicz" title="Henryk Sienkiewicz">Henryk Sienkiewicz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1906_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1906 Nobel Prize in Literature">1906</a>: <a href="/wiki/Giosu%C3%A8_Carducci" title="Giosuè Carducci">Giosuè Carducci</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1907_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1907 Nobel Prize in Literature">1907</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rudyard_Kipling" title="Rudyard Kipling">Rudyard Kipling</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1908_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1908 Nobel Prize in Literature">1908</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken">Rudolf Eucken</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1909_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1909 Nobel Prize in Literature">1909</a>: <a href="/wiki/Selma_Lagerl%C3%B6f" title="Selma Lagerlöf">Selma Lagerlöf</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1910_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1910 Nobel Prize in Literature">1910</a>: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Heyse" title="Paul Heyse">Paul Heyse</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1911_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1911 Nobel Prize in Literature">1911</a>: <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Maeterlinck" title="Maurice Maeterlinck">Maurice Maeterlinck</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1912_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1912 Nobel Prize in Literature">1912</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gerhart_Hauptmann" title="Gerhart Hauptmann">Gerhart Hauptmann</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1913_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1913 Nobel Prize in Literature">1913</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Rabindranath Tagore</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey"><a href="/wiki/1914_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1914 Nobel Prize in Literature">1914</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1915_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1915 Nobel Prize in Literature">1915</a>: <a href="/wiki/Romain_Rolland" title="Romain Rolland">Romain Rolland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1916_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1916 Nobel Prize in Literature">1916</a>: <a href="/wiki/Verner_von_Heidenstam" title="Verner von Heidenstam">Verner von Heidenstam</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1917_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1917 Nobel Prize in Literature">1917</a>: <a href="/wiki/Karl_Adolph_Gjellerup" title="Karl Adolph Gjellerup">Karl Gjellerup</a> / <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Pontoppidan" title="Henrik Pontoppidan">Henrik Pontoppidan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey"><a href="/wiki/1918_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1918 Nobel Prize in Literature">1918</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1919_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1919 Nobel Prize in Literature">1919</a>: <a href="/wiki/Carl_Spitteler" title="Carl Spitteler">Carl Spitteler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1920_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1920 Nobel Prize in Literature">1920</a>: <a href="/wiki/Knut_Hamsun" title="Knut Hamsun">Knut Hamsun</a></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/80px-Nobel_Prize.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/120px-Nobel_Prize.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/160px-Nobel_Prize.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1921–1940</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1921_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1921 Nobel Prize in Literature">1921</a>: <a href="/wiki/Anatole_France" title="Anatole France">Anatole France</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1922_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1922 Nobel Prize in Literature">1922</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jacinto_Benavente" title="Jacinto Benavente">Jacinto Benavente</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1923_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1923 Nobel Prize in Literature">1923</a>: <a href="/wiki/W._B._Yeats" title="W. B. Yeats">W. B. Yeats</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1923_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1923 Nobel Prize in Literature">1924</a>: <a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Reymont" title="Władysław Reymont">Władysław Reymont</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1925_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1925 Nobel Prize in Literature">1925</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw" title="George Bernard Shaw">George Bernard Shaw</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1926_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1926 Nobel Prize in Literature">1926</a>: <a href="/wiki/Grazia_Deledda" title="Grazia Deledda">Grazia Deledda</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1927_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1927 Nobel Prize in Literature">1927</a>: <a href="/wiki/Henri_Bergson" title="Henri Bergson">Henri Bergson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1928_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1928 Nobel Prize in Literature">1928</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sigrid_Undset" title="Sigrid Undset">Sigrid Undset</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1929_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1929 Nobel Prize in Literature">1929</a>: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mann" title="Thomas Mann">Thomas Mann</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1930_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1930 Nobel Prize in Literature">1930</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sinclair_Lewis" title="Sinclair Lewis">Sinclair Lewis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1931_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1931 Nobel Prize in Literature">1931</a>: <a href="/wiki/Erik_Axel_Karlfeldt" title="Erik Axel Karlfeldt">Erik Axel Karlfeldt</a> (<i>posthumously</i>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1932_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1932 Nobel Prize in Literature">1932</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_Galsworthy" title="John Galsworthy">John Galsworthy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1933_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1933 Nobel Prize in Literature">1933</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Bunin" title="Ivan Bunin">Ivan Bunin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1934_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1934 Nobel Prize in Literature">1934</a>: <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Pirandello" title="Luigi Pirandello">Luigi Pirandello</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey"><a href="/wiki/1935_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1935 Nobel Prize in Literature">1935</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1936_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1936 Nobel Prize in Literature">1936</a>: <a href="/wiki/Eugene_O%27Neill" title="Eugene O'Neill">Eugene O'Neill</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1937_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1937 Nobel Prize in Literature">1937</a>: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Martin_du_Gard" title="Roger Martin du Gard">Roger Martin du Gard</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1938_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1938 Nobel Prize in Literature">1938</a>: <a href="/wiki/Pearl_S._Buck" title="Pearl S. Buck">Pearl S. Buck</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1939_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1939 Nobel Prize in Literature">1939</a>: <a href="/wiki/Frans_Eemil_Sillanp%C3%A4%C3%A4" title="Frans Eemil Sillanpää">Frans Eemil Sillanpää</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey"><a href="/wiki/1940_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1940 Nobel Prize in Literature">1940</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1941–1960</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey"><a href="/wiki/1941_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1941 Nobel Prize in Literature">1941</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey"><a href="/wiki/1942_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1942 Nobel Prize in Literature">1942</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey"><a href="/wiki/1943_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1943 Nobel Prize in Literature">1943</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1944_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1944 Nobel Prize in Literature">1944</a>: <a href="/wiki/Johannes_V._Jensen" title="Johannes V. Jensen">Johannes V. Jensen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1945_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1945 Nobel Prize in Literature">1945</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gabriela_Mistral" title="Gabriela Mistral">Gabriela Mistral</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1946_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1946 Nobel Prize in Literature">1946</a>: <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Hesse" title="Hermann Hesse">Hermann Hesse</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1947_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1947 Nobel Prize in Literature">1947</a>: <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Gide" title="André Gide">André Gide</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1948_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1948 Nobel Prize in Literature">1948</a>: <a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">T. S. Eliot</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1949_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1949 Nobel Prize in Literature">1949</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Faulkner" title="William Faulkner">William Faulkner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1950_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1950 Nobel Prize in Literature">1950</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Bertrand Russell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1951_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1951 Nobel Prize in Literature">1951</a>: <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A4r_Lagerkvist" title="Pär Lagerkvist">Pär Lagerkvist</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1952_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1952 Nobel Prize in Literature">1952</a>: <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mauriac" title="François Mauriac">François Mauriac</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1953_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1953 Nobel Prize in Literature">1953</a>: <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1954_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1954 Nobel Prize in Literature">1954</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway" title="Ernest Hemingway">Ernest Hemingway</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1955_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1955 Nobel Prize in Literature">1955</a>: <a href="/wiki/Halld%C3%B3r_Laxness" title="Halldór Laxness">Halldór Laxness</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1956_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1956 Nobel Prize in Literature">1956</a>: <a href="/wiki/Juan_Ram%C3%B3n_Jim%C3%A9nez" title="Juan Ramón Jiménez">Juan Ramón Jiménez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1957_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1957 Nobel Prize in Literature">1957</a>: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Camus" title="Albert Camus">Albert Camus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1958_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1958 Nobel Prize in Literature">1958</a>: <a href="/wiki/Boris_Pasternak" title="Boris Pasternak">Boris Pasternak</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1959_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1959 Nobel Prize in Literature">1959</a>: <a href="/wiki/Salvatore_Quasimodo" title="Salvatore Quasimodo">Salvatore Quasimodo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1960_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1960 Nobel Prize in Literature">1960</a>: <a href="/wiki/Saint-John_Perse" title="Saint-John Perse">Saint-John Perse</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1961–1980</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1961_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1961 Nobel Prize in Literature">1961</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ivo_Andri%C4%87" title="Ivo Andrić">Ivo Andrić</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1962_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1962 Nobel Prize in Literature">1962</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_Steinbeck" title="John Steinbeck">John Steinbeck</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1963_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1963 Nobel Prize in Literature">1963</a>: <a href="/wiki/Giorgos_Seferis" title="Giorgos Seferis">Giorgos Seferis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1964_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1964 Nobel Prize in Literature">1964</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Jean-Paul Sartre</a> (declined award)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1965_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1965 Nobel Prize in Literature">1965</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Sholokhov" title="Mikhail Sholokhov">Mikhail Sholokhov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1966_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1966 Nobel Prize in Literature">1966</a>: <a href="/wiki/Shmuel_Yosef_Agnon" title="Shmuel Yosef Agnon">Shmuel Yosef Agnon</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nelly_Sachs" title="Nelly Sachs">Nelly Sachs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1967_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1967 Nobel Prize in Literature">1967</a>: <a href="/wiki/Miguel_%C3%81ngel_Asturias" title="Miguel Ángel Asturias">Miguel Ángel Asturias</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1968_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1968 Nobel Prize in Literature">1968</a>: <a href="/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata">Yasunari Kawabata</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1969_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1969 Nobel Prize in Literature">1969</a>: <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Beckett" title="Samuel Beckett">Samuel Beckett</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1970_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1970 Nobel Prize in Literature">1970</a>: <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Solzhenitsyn" title="Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn">Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1971_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1971 Nobel Prize in Literature">1971</a>: <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Neruda" title="Pablo Neruda">Pablo Neruda</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1972_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1972 Nobel Prize in Literature">1972</a>: <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_B%C3%B6ll" title="Heinrich Böll">Heinrich Böll</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1973_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1973 Nobel Prize in Literature">1973</a>: <a href="/wiki/Patrick_White" title="Patrick White">Patrick White</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1974_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1974 Nobel Prize in Literature">1974</a>: <a href="/wiki/Eyvind_Johnson" title="Eyvind Johnson">Eyvind Johnson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harry_Martinson" title="Harry Martinson">Harry Martinson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1975_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1975 Nobel Prize in Literature">1975</a>: <a href="/wiki/Eugenio_Montale" title="Eugenio Montale">Eugenio Montale</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1976_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1976 Nobel Prize in Literature">1976</a>: <a href="/wiki/Saul_Bellow" title="Saul Bellow">Saul Bellow</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1977_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1977 Nobel Prize in Literature">1977</a>: <a href="/wiki/Vicente_Aleixandre" title="Vicente Aleixandre">Vicente Aleixandre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1978_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1978 Nobel Prize in Literature">1978</a>: <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Bashevis_Singer" title="Isaac Bashevis Singer">Isaac Bashevis Singer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1979_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1979 Nobel Prize in Literature">1979</a>: <a href="/wiki/Odysseas_Elytis" title="Odysseas Elytis">Odysseas Elytis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1980_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1980 Nobel Prize in Literature">1980</a>: <a href="/wiki/Czes%C5%82aw_Mi%C5%82osz" title="Czesław Miłosz">Czesław Miłosz</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1981–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1981_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1981 Nobel Prize in Literature">1981</a>: <a href="/wiki/Elias_Canetti" title="Elias Canetti">Elias Canetti</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1982_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1982 Nobel Prize in Literature">1982</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Garc%C3%ADa_M%C3%A1rquez" title="Gabriel García Márquez">Gabriel García Márquez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1983_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1983 Nobel Prize in Literature">1983</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding">William Golding</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1984_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1984 Nobel Prize in Literature">1984</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Seifert" title="Jaroslav Seifert">Jaroslav Seifert</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1985_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1985 Nobel Prize in Literature">1985</a>: <a href="/wiki/Claude_Simon" title="Claude Simon">Claude Simon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1986_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1986 Nobel Prize in Literature">1986</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wole_Soyinka" title="Wole Soyinka">Wole Soyinka</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1987_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1987 Nobel Prize in Literature">1987</a>: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Brodsky" title="Joseph Brodsky">Joseph Brodsky</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1988_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1988 Nobel Prize in Literature">1988</a>: <a href="/wiki/Naguib_Mahfouz" title="Naguib Mahfouz">Naguib Mahfouz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1989_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1989 Nobel Prize in Literature">1989</a>: <a href="/wiki/Camilo_Jos%C3%A9_Cela" title="Camilo José Cela">Camilo José Cela</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1990_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1990 Nobel Prize in Literature">1990</a>: <a href="/wiki/Octavio_Paz" title="Octavio Paz">Octavio Paz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1991_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1991 Nobel Prize in Literature">1991</a>: <a href="/wiki/Nadine_Gordimer" title="Nadine Gordimer">Nadine Gordimer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1992_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1992 Nobel Prize in Literature">1992</a>: <a href="/wiki/Derek_Walcott" title="Derek Walcott">Derek Walcott</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1993_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1993 Nobel Prize in Literature">1993</a>: <a href="/wiki/Toni_Morrison" title="Toni Morrison">Toni Morrison</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1994_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1994 Nobel Prize in Literature">1994</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kenzabur%C5%8D_%C5%8Ce" title="Kenzaburō Ōe">Kenzaburō Ōe</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1995_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1995 Nobel Prize in Literature">1995</a>: <a href="/wiki/Seamus_Heaney" title="Seamus Heaney">Seamus Heaney</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1996_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1996 Nobel Prize in Literature">1996</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wis%C5%82awa_Szymborska" title="Wisława Szymborska">Wisława Szymborska</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1997_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1997 Nobel Prize in Literature">1997</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dario_Fo" title="Dario Fo">Dario Fo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1998_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1998 Nobel Prize in Literature">1998</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Saramago" title="José Saramago">José Saramago</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1999_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1999 Nobel Prize in Literature">1999</a>: <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Grass" title="Günter Grass">Günter Grass</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2000_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2000 Nobel Prize in Literature">2000</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gao_Xingjian" title="Gao Xingjian">Gao Xingjian</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–2020</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2001_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2001 Nobel Prize in Literature">2001</a>: <a href="/wiki/V._S._Naipaul" title="V. S. Naipaul">V. S. Naipaul</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2002_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2002 Nobel Prize in Literature">2002</a>: <a href="/wiki/Imre_Kert%C3%A9sz" title="Imre Kertész">Imre Kertész</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2003_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2003 Nobel Prize in Literature">2003</a>: <a href="/wiki/J._M._Coetzee" title="J. M. Coetzee">J. M. Coetzee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2004_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2004 Nobel Prize in Literature">2004</a>: <a href="/wiki/Elfriede_Jelinek" title="Elfriede Jelinek">Elfriede Jelinek</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2005_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2005 Nobel Prize in Literature">2005</a>: <a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter" title="Harold Pinter">Harold Pinter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2006_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2006 Nobel Prize in Literature">2006</a>: <a href="/wiki/Orhan_Pamuk" title="Orhan Pamuk">Orhan Pamuk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2007_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2007 Nobel Prize in Literature">2007</a>: <a href="/wiki/Doris_Lessing" title="Doris Lessing">Doris Lessing</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2008_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2008 Nobel Prize in Literature">2008</a>: <a href="/wiki/J._M._G._Le_Cl%C3%A9zio" title="J. M. G. Le Clézio">J. M. G. Le Clézio</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2009_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2009 Nobel Prize in Literature">2009</a>: <a href="/wiki/Herta_M%C3%BCller" title="Herta Müller">Herta Müller</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2010_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2010 Nobel Prize in Literature">2010</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mario_Vargas_Llosa" title="Mario Vargas Llosa">Mario Vargas Llosa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2011_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2011 Nobel Prize in Literature">2011</a>: <a href="/wiki/Tomas_Transtr%C3%B6mer" title="Tomas Tranströmer">Tomas Tranströmer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2012</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mo_Yan" title="Mo Yan">Mo Yan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2013_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2013 Nobel Prize in Literature">2013</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alice_Munro" title="Alice Munro">Alice Munro</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2014_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2014 Nobel Prize in Literature">2014</a>: <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Modiano" title="Patrick Modiano">Patrick Modiano</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2015_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2015 Nobel Prize in Literature">2015</a>: <a href="/wiki/Svetlana_Alexievich" title="Svetlana Alexievich">Svetlana Alexievich</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2016_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2016 Nobel Prize in Literature">2016</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2017 Nobel Prize in Literature">2017</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kazuo_Ishiguro" title="Kazuo Ishiguro">Kazuo Ishiguro</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2018 Nobel Prize in Literature">2018</a>: <a href="/wiki/Olga_Tokarczuk" title="Olga Tokarczuk">Olga Tokarczuk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2019_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2019 Nobel Prize in Literature">2019</a>: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Handke" title="Peter Handke">Peter Handke</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2020_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2020 Nobel Prize in Literature">2020</a>: <a href="/wiki/Louise_Gl%C3%BCck" title="Louise Glück">Louise Glück</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2021–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2021_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2021 Nobel Prize in Literature">2021</a>: <a href="/wiki/Abdulrazak_Gurnah" title="Abdulrazak Gurnah">Abdulrazak Gurnah</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2022_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2022 Nobel Prize in Literature">2022</a>: <a href="/wiki/Annie_Ernaux" title="Annie Ernaux">Annie Ernaux</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2023_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2023 Nobel Prize in Literature">2023</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jon_Fosse" title="Jon Fosse">Jon Fosse</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2024_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2024 Nobel Prize in Literature">2024</a>: <a href="/wiki/Han_Kang" title="Han Kang">Han Kang</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="2012_Nobel_Prize_laureates" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2012_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2012 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2012_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template talk:2012 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2012_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2012 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="2012_Nobel_Prize_laureates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2012 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> laureates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Lefkowitz" title="Robert Lefkowitz">Robert Lefkowitz</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Kobilka" title="Brian Kobilka">Brian Kobilka</a> (United States)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Literature</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">2012</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mo_Yan" title="Mo Yan">Mo Yan</a> (China)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Peace</a> (<a href="/wiki/2012_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2012 Nobel Peace Prize">2012</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Physics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Serge_Haroche" title="Serge Haroche">Serge Haroche</a> (France)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_J._Wineland" title="David J. Wineland">David J. Wineland</a> (United States)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Physiology or Medicine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Gurdon" title="John Gurdon">John Gurdon</a> (United Kingdom)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinya_Yamanaka" title="Shinya Yamanaka">Shinya Yamanaka</a> (Japan)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Economic Sciences</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alvin_E._Roth" title="Alvin E. Roth">Alvin E. 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