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Tropical African lakes are especially sensitive to climate warming as they experience wide fluctuations in the thermocline over a narrow range of high water temperatures. Recent climate warming has reduced phytoplankton biomass and production in the lakes. A decline in the production of palatable chlorophytes and an increase in cyanobacteria has led to reduced zooplankton production and a consequent decline in fish stocks, all of which can be associated with the elevated water temperatures. This indicates that even moderate climate warming may destabilise phytoplankton dynamics in tropical African lakes, thereby reducing water quality and food resources for planktivorous fish, with consequent negative impacts on human livelihoods.","publication_date":"2010,,","publication_name":"South African Journal of Science","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"108143055"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"A review of phytoplankton dynamics in tropical African lakes : review article","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [37764250]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":108143055,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “A review of phytoplankton dynamics in tropical African lakes : review article”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/108143055/mini_magick20231201-1-v5x1fp.png?1701425876" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">A review of phytoplankton dynamics in tropical African lakes : review article</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="37764250" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LincolnRaitt"><img alt="Profile image of Lincoln Raitt" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />Lincoln Raitt</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2010, South African Journal of Science</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">6 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 110275846; 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Understanding the whole socio-ecological system to enable communities to adapt and build resilience is therefore vital. Here, we present results from a review of the responses of African lakes, fisheries productivity, and livelihoods to climate variability and change, and provide suggestions on required policy interventions to promote adaptation and build resilience. Changes in climate variables, especially temperature, wind speed, and rainfall have contributed to changes in lake water levels, loading, and recycling of nutrients. In some lakes, such disruptions in physical and chemical conditions have triggered changes in water quality, algae and invertebrate productivity, life history of fish, and contributed to shifts in fish community composition, proliferation of invasive aquatic weeds, and changes in parasite–vector–host interactions. Fish yield has either increased or decreased depending on climatic events, with the latter negatively affecting livelihoods, and forcing affected communities to adapt. Because adaptation strategies are location specific, and influenced by local conditions, many adaptation strategies have been unguided and have negatively affected fisheries. The responses of fisheries to climate change vary among lakes of different morphometric characteristics. There is need for consistent data to examine the direction and consequences of climate variability and change on fisheries and livelihoods of specific aquatic systems, and promote location specific adaptation and mitigation measures.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Implications of climate variability and change for African lake ecosystems, fisheries productivity, and livelihoods","attachmentId":45034067,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/24701168/Implications_of_climate_variability_and_change_for_African_lake_ecosystems_fisheries_productivity_and_livelihoods","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/24701168/Implications_of_climate_variability_and_change_for_African_lake_ecosystems_fisheries_productivity_and_livelihoods"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="106045575" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/106045575/Seasonality_of_Primary_productivity_of_phytoplankton_of_Lake_Bosomtwe_Ghana_West_Africa">Seasonality of Primary productivity of phytoplankton of Lake Bosomtwe, Ghana -West Africa</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33440977" href="https://uwaterloo.academia.edu/RolandHall">Roland Hall</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">West African Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The primary productivity and seasonality of phytoplankton and its seasonality in Lake Bosomtwe (Ghana), West Africa were studied from September 2005 to August 2006 using the dissolved oxygen method. The wet weight biomass (0.41±0.37 gCm -2 d -1 , n=25), Chlorophyll a (52.11±19.51 mg m -2 , n=17), mixed layer depth (9.28±3.47 m, n=25), euphotic depth (4.43±1.76 m, n=25), ratio of mixed layer to euphotic depth (2.17±0.74, n=25), secchi disc depth (1.52±0.34 m, n=25), irradiance (1180±341.28 µE m -2 s -1 , n=25), extinction coefficient (0.97±0.46, n=25), and total phosphorus concentrations (1.84±0.49 µmol L -1 , n=20) were measured to assess their influence on the productivity of the phytoplankton. Our assessment revealed high areal gross productivity of the phytoplankton (4.72 ± 1.56 gC m -2 d -1 , n = 25) which is within the range for tropical African lakes, but concurrent high areal community respiration rates (4.34 ± 2.78 gC m -2 d -1 , n = 25) contributed to a low net productivity...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Seasonality of Primary productivity of phytoplankton of Lake Bosomtwe, Ghana -West Africa","attachmentId":105346292,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/106045575/Seasonality_of_Primary_productivity_of_phytoplankton_of_Lake_Bosomtwe_Ghana_West_Africa","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link 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class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="12982431" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12982431/African_Journal_of_Aquatic_Science_Has_climate_change_disrupted_stratification_patterns_in_Lake_Victoria_East_Africa">African Journal of Aquatic Science Has climate change disrupted stratification patterns in Lake Victoria, East Africa</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32191063" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GichukiJ">John Gichuki</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"African Journal of Aquatic Science Has climate change disrupted stratification patterns in Lake Victoria, East Africa","attachmentId":37906641,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/12982431/African_Journal_of_Aquatic_Science_Has_climate_change_disrupted_stratification_patterns_in_Lake_Victoria_East_Africa","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/12982431/African_Journal_of_Aquatic_Science_Has_climate_change_disrupted_stratification_patterns_in_Lake_Victoria_East_Africa"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="60836620" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/60836620/Seasonal_variations_in_phytoplankton_populations_in_Ogelube_Lake_a_small_natural_West_African_Lake">Seasonal variations in phytoplankton populations in Ogelube Lake, a small natural West African Lake</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7622284" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DrNkechinyereNweze">Dr. Nkechinyere Nweze</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management, 2006</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Water samples were collected on a monthly basis at three locations along the north–south axis of the lake at 1 m depth intervals for 1 year. A sedimentation technique was used for microscopic examination of the samples. The monthly mean and seasonal phytoplankton densities were calculated. The original data were square-root transformed, and analysis of variance performed with SPSS version 10.0. The significant treatment effects were determined using Fisher’s least significance difference at the 5% probability level. The mean phytoplankton population per millilitre was very high for the entire sampling period. There was a phytoplankton bloom formation in the early rainy season, with the mean total phytoplankton population density for the rainy season (April–October) being significantly higher than that of for the dry season (November–March). A population increase was observed during the late part of the dry season to the early part of the rainy season. During the rainy season, Chlorophyceae (mostly desmids) were most abundant, followed by Cyanobacteria, Bacillariophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Dinophyceae, Cryptophyceae, Chrysophyceae and Xanthophyceae, in decreasing order of abundance. This order changed slightly in the dry season, when there was relative abundance of Bacillariophyceae over Cyanophyceae, and Dinophyceae over Euglenophyceae. The low population of Euglenophyceae indicates that the organic pollution is still low, with the predominance of desmids, indicating an oligotrophic lake condition.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Seasonal variations in phytoplankton populations in Ogelube Lake, a small natural West African Lake","attachmentId":74250797,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60836620/Seasonal_variations_in_phytoplankton_populations_in_Ogelube_Lake_a_small_natural_West_African_Lake","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/60836620/Seasonal_variations_in_phytoplankton_populations_in_Ogelube_Lake_a_small_natural_West_African_Lake"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="12458723" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12458723/Report_of_the_FAO_workshop_on_climate_change_and_fisheries_in_the_African_Great_Lakes">Report of the FAO workshop on climate change and fisheries in the African Great Lakes</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8300588" href="https://fao.academia.edu/CassandraDeYoung">Cassandra De Young</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This document reports on the Workshop on Climate Change and Fisheries in the African Great Lakes which took place in Bujumbura, Burundi, from 20 to 21 April 2010. The Workshop elaborated on a study by FAO to investigate how surface temperature has developed in the three African Great lakes (Lake Victoria, Lake Malawi/Niassa/Nyasa, and Lake Tanganyika), and the impact this has had on the fisheries of the lakes.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Report of the FAO workshop on climate change and fisheries in the African Great Lakes","attachmentId":37676180,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/12458723/Report_of_the_FAO_workshop_on_climate_change_and_fisheries_in_the_African_Great_Lakes","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/12458723/Report_of_the_FAO_workshop_on_climate_change_and_fisheries_in_the_African_Great_Lakes"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="30059364" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30059364/Climate_change_decreases_aquatic_ecosystem_productivity_of_Lake_Tanganyika_Africa">Climate change decreases aquatic ecosystem productivity of Lake Tanganyika, Africa</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="57138489" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PierreDenisPlisnier">Pierre Denis Plisnier</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Nature, 2003</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Climate change decreases aquatic ecosystem productivity of Lake Tanganyika, Africa","attachmentId":50509560,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/30059364/Climate_change_decreases_aquatic_ecosystem_productivity_of_Lake_Tanganyika_Africa","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/30059364/Climate_change_decreases_aquatic_ecosystem_productivity_of_Lake_Tanganyika_Africa"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" 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