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Treatment</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: aging heat Treatment"> <meta name="keywords" content="aging heat Treatment"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="aging heat Treatment"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 11375</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: aging heat Treatment</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11375</span> Effect of T6 and Re-Aging Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of 7055 Aluminum Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Esmailian">M. Esmailian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Shakouri"> M. Shakouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Mottahedi"> A. Mottahedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20G.%20Shabestari"> S. G. Shabestari </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heat treatable aluminium alloys such as 7075 and 7055, because of high strength and low density, are used widely in aircraft industry. For best mechanical properties, T6 heat treatment has recommended for this regards, but this temper treatment is sensitive to corrosion induced and Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) damage. For improving this property, the over-aging treatment (T7) applies to this alloy, but it decreases the mechanical properties up to 30 percent. Hence, to increase the mechanical properties, without any remarkable decrease in SCC resistant, Retrogression and Re-Aging (RRA) heat treatment is used. This treatment performs in a relatively short time. In this paper, the RRA heat treatment was applied to 7055 aluminum alloy and then effect of RRA time on the mechanical properties of 7055 has been investigated. The results show that the 40 minute time is suitable time for retrogression of 7055 aluminum alloy and ultimate strength increases up to 625MPa. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=7055%20Aluminum%20alloy" title="7055 Aluminum alloy">7055 Aluminum alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SCC%20resistance" title=" SCC resistance"> SCC resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20Treatment" title=" heat Treatment"> heat Treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34624/effect-of-t6-and-re-aging-heat-treatment-on-mechanical-properties-of-7055-aluminum-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34624.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11374</span> Effect of Pre-Aging and Aging Parameters on Mechanical Behavior of Be-Treated 7075 Aluminum Alloys: Experimental Correlation using Minitab Software</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Tash">M. Tash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Alkahtani"> S. Alkahtani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of pre-aging and aging parameters (time and temperature) on the mechanical properties of Al-Mg-Zn (7075) alloys. Ultimate tensile strength, 0.5% offset yield strength and % elongation measurements were carried out on specimens prepared from cast and heat treated 7075 alloys. Duplex aging treatments were carried out for the as solution treated (SHT) specimens (pre-aged at different time and temperature followed by high temperature aging). A statistical design of experiments (DOE) approach using fractional factorial design was applied to determine the influence of controlling variables of pre-aging and aging treatment parameters and any interactions between them on the mechanical properties of 7075 alloys. A mathematical models are developed to relate the alloy ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and % elongation with the different pre-aging and aging parameters i.e. Pre-aging Temperature (PA T0C), Pre-aging time (PA t h), Aging temperature (AT0C), Aging time (At h), to acquire an understanding of the effects of these variables and their interactions on the mechanical properties of be-treated 7075 alloys. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging%20heat%20Treatment" title="aging heat Treatment">aging heat Treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile%20properties" title=" tensile properties"> tensile properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=be-treated%20cast%20Al-Mg-Zn%20%287075%29%20alloys" title=" be-treated cast Al-Mg-Zn (7075) alloys"> be-treated cast Al-Mg-Zn (7075) alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experimental%20correlation" title=" experimental correlation"> experimental correlation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7396/effect-of-pre-aging-and-aging-parameters-on-mechanical-behavior-of-be-treated-7075-aluminum-alloys-experimental-correlation-using-minitab-software" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7396.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11373</span> Effect of Be, Zr, and Heat Treatment on Mechanical Behavior of Cast Al-Mg-Zn-Cu Alloys (7075)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20M.%20Tash">Mahmoud M. Tash</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of aging parameters (time and temperature) on the mechanical properties of Be-and/or Zr- treated Al-Mg-Zn (7075) alloys. Ultimate tensile strength, 0.5% offset yield strength and % elongation measurements were carried out on specimens prepared from cast and heat treated 7075 alloys containing Be and/or Zr. Different aging treatment were carried out for the as solution treated (SHT) specimens. The specimens were aged at different conditions; Natural and artificial aging was carried out at room temperature, 120C, 150C, 180C and 220C for different periods of time. Duplex aging was performed for SHT conditions (pre-aged at different time and temperature followed by high temperature aging). Ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and % elongation data results as a function of different aging parameters are analysed. A statistical design of experiments (DOE) approach using fractional factorial design is applied to acquire an understanding of the effects of these variables and their interactions on the mechanical properties of Be- and/or Zr- treated 7075 alloys. Mathematical models are developed to relate the alloy mechanical properties with the different aging parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=casting%20aging%20treatment" title="casting aging treatment">casting aging treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Mg-Zn%20alloys" title=" Al-Mg-Zn alloys"> Al-Mg-Zn alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Be-%20and%2For%20Zr-treatment" title=" Be- and/or Zr-treatment"> Be- and/or Zr-treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experimental%20correlation" title=" experimental correlation"> experimental correlation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21737/effect-of-be-zr-and-heat-treatment-on-mechanical-behavior-of-cast-al-mg-zn-cu-alloys-7075" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21737.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">364</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11372</span> Improvement of Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of AA7056 Aluminum Alloys by the Non-isothermal Aging Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tse-An%20Pan">Tse-An Pan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheng-Long%20Lee"> Sheng-Long Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of non-isothermal aging on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Al-9Zn-2.3Mg-1.9Cu (AA7056) alloys was investigated. The results revealed that thick materials were limited to retrogression and re-aging treatment (RRA). It could not reach the retrogression temperature in the RRA treatment. Compared with the RRA treatment, the non-isothermal aging (NIA) treatment produced discontinuous precipitates at grain boundaries, while the intragranular precipitates were fine and dense. The strength was similar to that of the RRA treatment; the corrosion resistance of the alloy was significantly improved by NIA aging. NIA treatment was less affected by the thickness of the alloy. The difference between the actual temperature and the setting temperature of the alloy is minimal during the aging process. The combination of properties could overcome the fact that RRA treatment cannot handle thick materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Zn-Mg-Cu%20alloy" title="Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy">Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title=" corrosion"> corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retrogression" title=" retrogression"> retrogression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=re-aging" title=" re-aging"> re-aging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-isothermal%20aging" title=" non-isothermal aging"> non-isothermal aging</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162230/improvement-of-mechanical-properties-and-corrosion-resistance-of-aa7056-aluminum-alloys-by-the-non-isothermal-aging-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162230.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11371</span> Effect of Aging on Hardness and Corrosion Resistance of WE43 Magnesium Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ziya%20Esen">Ziya Esen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96zg%C3%BCr%20Duygulu"> Özgür Duygulu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazl%C4%B1%20S.%20B%C3%BCy%C3%BCkatak"> Nazlı S. Büyükatak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the effects of aging heat treatment on corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of WE43 Magnesium alloy. The heat treatment of alloys was conducted by solutionizing at 525oC for 16 h, followed by aging at 190, 210 and 230oC for up to 48 h. The type and the size of precipitates formed upon aging have influenced both the mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of the alloy. Solutionized alloy displayed the worst corrosion resistance in simulated body fluid, while peak hardness and the best corrosion resistance were observed in the alloy aged at 210oC for 24 h as a result of β’ precipitate formation. Longer aging duration at 210oC decreased the corrosion rate due to the coarsening of the precipitates and formation of precipitate-free zones. The increased corrosion resistance of the peak aged samples was attributed to the slowing down effect of the Mg(OH)₂/MgO corrosion layer by the pinning effect of β’-precipitates. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WE43%20magnesium%20alloy" title="WE43 magnesium alloy">WE43 magnesium alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulated%20body%20fluid" title=" simulated body fluid"> simulated body fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title=" corrosion"> corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186918/effect-of-aging-on-hardness-and-corrosion-resistance-of-we43-magnesium-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186918.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">5</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11370</span> Aging Behaviour of 6061 Al-15 vol% SiC Composite in T4 and T6 Treatments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melby%20Chacko">Melby Chacko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jagannath%20Nayak"> Jagannath Nayak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aging behaviour of 6061 Al-15 vol% SiC composite was investigated using Rockwell B hardness measurement. The composite was solutionized at 350°C and quenched in water. The composite was aged at room temperature (T4 treatment) and also at 140°C, 160°C, 180°C and 200°C (T6 treatment). The natural and artificial aging behaviour of composite was studied using aging curves determined at different temperatures. The aging period for peak aging for different temperatures was identified. The time required for attaining peak aging decreased with increase in the aging temperature. The peak hardness was found to increase with increase with aging temperature and the highest peak hardness was observed at 180ºC. Beyond 180ºC the peak hardness was found to be decreasing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=6061%20Al-SiC%20composite" title="6061 Al-SiC composite">6061 Al-SiC composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging%20curve" title=" aging curve"> aging curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rockwell%20B%20hardness" title=" Rockwell B hardness"> Rockwell B hardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T4" title=" T4"> T4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T6%20treatments" title=" T6 treatments"> T6 treatments</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7313/aging-behaviour-of-6061-al-15-vol-sic-composite-in-t4-and-t6-treatments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7313.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">267</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11369</span> Static Strain Aging in Ferritic and Austenitic Stainless Steels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Songul%20Kurucay">Songul Kurucay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Acarer"> Mustafa Acarer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harun%20Sepet"> Harun Sepet</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Static strain aging occurs when metallic materials are subjected to deformation and then heat treated at low temperatures such as 150-200oC. Static strain aging occurs in BCC metals and results and increasing in yield and tensile strength and decreasing ductility due to carbon and/or nitrogen atoms locking dislocations. The locked dislocations increase yield and tensile strength. In this study, static strain aging behaviors of ferritic and austenitic stainless steel were investigated. Ferritic stainless steel was prestained at %5, %10 and %15 and then aged at 150oC and 200oC for 30 minutes. Austenitic stainless steel was also prestained at %20 and %30 and then heat treated at 200, 400 and 600oC for 30 minutes. After the heat treatment, the tensile test was performed to determine the effect of prestain and heat treatment on the steels. Hardness measurements and detailed microstructure characterization were also done. While AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel sample which was prestained at 15% and aged at 200oC, showed the highest increasing in the yield strength, AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel which was prestained at 30% and aged at 600oC, has the highest yield strength. Microstructure photographs also support the mechanical test results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=austenitic%20stainless%20steel" title="austenitic stainless steel">austenitic stainless steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferritic%20stainless%20steel" title=" ferritic stainless steel"> ferritic stainless steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20strain%20aging" title=" static strain aging"> static strain aging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile%20strength" title=" tensile strength"> tensile strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37051/static-strain-aging-in-ferritic-and-austenitic-stainless-steels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37051.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11368</span> Influence of Post Weld Heat Treatment on Mechanical and Metallurgical Properties of TIG Welded Aluminium Alloy Joints</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurmeet%20Singh%20Cheema">Gurmeet Singh Cheema</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navjotinder%20Singh"> Navjotinder Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurjinder%20Singh"> Gurjinder Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amardeep%20Singh"> Amardeep Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aluminium and its alloys play have excellent corrosion resistant properties, ease of fabrication and high specific strength to weight ratio. In this investigation an attempt has been made to study the effect of different post weld heat treatment methods on the mechanical and metallurgical properties of TIG welded joints of the commercial aluminium alloy. Three different methods of post weld heat treatments are, solution heat treatment, artificial aged and combination of solution heat treatment and artificial aging are given to TIG welded aluminium joints. Mechanical and metallurgical properties of as welded and post weld treated joints of the aluminium alloys was examined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminium%20alloys" title="aluminium alloys">aluminium alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TIG%20welding" title=" TIG welding"> TIG welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post%20weld%20heat%20treatment" title=" post weld heat treatment"> post weld heat treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14625/influence-of-post-weld-heat-treatment-on-mechanical-and-metallurgical-properties-of-tig-welded-aluminium-alloy-joints" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14625.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">575</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11367</span> Aging and Mechanical Behavior of Be-treated 7075 Aluminum Alloys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20M.%20Tash">Mahmoud M. Tash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Alkahtani"> S. Alkahtani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of pre-aging and aging parameters (time and temperature) on the mechanical properties of Al-Mg-Zn (7075) alloys. Ultimate tensile strength, 0.5% offset yield strength and % elongation measurements were carried out on specimens prepared from cast and heat treated 7075 alloys. Aging treatments were carried out for the as solution treated (SHT) specimens (after quenching in warm water). The specimens were aged at different conditions; Natural aging was carried out at room temperature for different periods of time. Double aging was performed for SHT conditions (pre-aged at different time and temperature followed by high temperature aging). Ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and % elongation as a function of different pre-aging and aging parameters are analysed to acquire an understanding of the effects of these variables and their interactions on the mechanical properties of Be-treated 7075 alloys. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=duplex%20aging%20treatment" title="duplex aging treatment">duplex aging treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Mg-Zn%20%287075%29%20alloys" title=" Al-Mg-Zn (7075) alloys"> Al-Mg-Zn (7075) alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manufacturing" title=" manufacturing"> manufacturing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7395/aging-and-mechanical-behavior-of-be-treated-7075-aluminum-alloys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7395.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11366</span> Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Boron-Containing AZ91D Mg Alloys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%20Chan%20Kim">Ji Chan Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seok%20Hong%20Min"> Seok Hong Min</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae%20Kwon%20Ha"> Tae Kwon Ha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Effect of boron addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91D Mg alloy was investigated in this study. Through calculation of phase equilibria, carried out by using FactSage® and FTLite database, solution treatment temperature was decided as 420 °C where supersaturated solid solution can be obtained. Solid solution treatment was conducted at 420 °C for 24 hrs followed by hot rolling at 420 °C and the total reduction was about 60%. Recrystallization heat treatment was followed at 420 °C for 6 hrs to obtain equiaxed microstructure. After recrystallization treatment, aging heat treatment was conducted at temperature of 200 °C for time intervals from 1 min to 200 hrs and hardness of each condition was measured by micro-Vickers method. Peak hardness was observed after 20 hrs. Tensile tests were also conducted on the specimens aged for various time intervals and the results were compared with hardness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AZ91D%20Mg%20alloy" title="AZ91D Mg alloy">AZ91D Mg alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boron" title=" boron"> boron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatment" title=" heat treatment"> heat treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardness" title=" hardness"> hardness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62213/microstructure-and-mechanical-properties-of-boron-containing-az91d-mg-alloys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62213.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">316</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11365</span> Experimental Investigation on Effect of Different Heat Treatments on Phase Transformation and Superelasticity of NiTi Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erfan%20Asghari%20Fesaghandis">Erfan Asghari Fesaghandis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Ghaffari%20Adli"> Reza Ghaffari Adli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbas%20Kianvash"> Abbas Kianvash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Aghajani"> Hossein Aghajani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Homa%20Homaie"> Homa Homaie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> NiTi alloys possess magnificent superelastic, shape memory, high strength and biocompatible properties. For improving mechanical properties, foremost, superelasticity behavior, heat treatment process is carried out. In this paper, two different heat treatment methods were undertaken: (1) solid solution, and (2) aging. The effect of each treatment in a constant time is investigated. Five samples were prepared to study the structure and optimize mechanical properties under different time and temperature. For measuring the upper plateau stress, lower plateau stress and residual strain, tensile test is carried out. The samples were aged at two different temperatures to see difference between aging temperatures. The sample aged at 500 °C has a bigger crystallite size and lower amount of Ni which causes the mentioned sample to possess poor pseudo elasticity behaviour than the other aged sample. The sample aged at 460 °C has shown remarkable superelastic properties. The mentioned sample’s higher plateau is 580 MPa with the lowest residual strain (0.17%) while other samples have possessed higher residual strains. X-ray diffraction was used to investigate the produced phases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatment" title="heat treatment">heat treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20transformation" title=" phase transformation"> phase transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superelasticity" title=" superelasticity"> superelasticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NiTi%20alloy" title=" NiTi alloy"> NiTi alloy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113314/experimental-investigation-on-effect-of-different-heat-treatments-on-phase-transformation-and-superelasticity-of-niti-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113314.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11364</span> Effects of Applied Pressure and Heat Treatment on the Microstructure of Squeeze Cast Al-Si Alloy Were Examined</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Ben%20Amar">Mohamed Ben Amar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henda%20Barhoumi"> Henda Barhoumi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hokia%20Siala"> Hokia Siala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Foued%20Elhalouani"> Foued Elhalouani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present contribution consists of a purely experimental investigation on the effect of Squeeze casting on the micro structural and mechanical propriety of Al-Si alloys destined to automotive industry. Accordingly, we have proceeding, by ourselves, to all the thermal treatment consisting of solution treatment at 540°C for 8h and aging at 160°C for 4h. The various thermal treatment, have been carried out in order to monitor the processes of formation and dissolution accompanying the solid state phase transformations as well as the resulting changes in the mechanical proprieties. The examination of the micrographs of the aluminum alloys reveals the dominant presence of dendrite. Concerning the mechanical characteristic the Vickers micro-hardness curve an increase as a function of the pressure. As well as the heat treatment increase mechanical propriety such that pressure and micro hardness. The curves have been explained in terms of structural hardening resulting from the various compounds formation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=squeeze%20casting" title="squeeze casting">squeeze casting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20parameters" title=" process parameters"> process parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatment" title=" heat treatment"> heat treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ductility" title=" ductility"> ductility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35915/effects-of-applied-pressure-and-heat-treatment-on-the-microstructure-of-squeeze-cast-al-si-alloy-were-examined" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35915.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11363</span> Effect of Aging Treatment on Tensile Properties of AZ91D Mg Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ju%20Hyun%20Won">Ju Hyun Won</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seok%20Hong%20Min"> Seok Hong Min</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae%20Kwon%20Ha"> Tae Kwon Ha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phase equilibria of AZ91D Mg alloys for nonflammable use, containing Ca and Y, were carried out by using FactSage® and FTLite database, which revealed that solid solution treatment, could be performed at temperatures from 400 to 450 °C. Solid solution treatment of AZ91D Mg alloy without Ca and Y was successfully conducted at 420 °C and supersaturated microstructure with all beta phase resolved into matrix was obtained. In the case of AZ91D Mg alloy with some Ca and Y, however, a little amount of intermetallic particles were observed after solid solution treatment. After solid solution treatment, each alloy was annealed at temperatures of 180 and 200 °C for time intervals from 1 min to 48 hrs and hardness of each condition was measured by micro-Vickers method. Peak aging conditions were deduced as at the temperature of 200 °C for 10 hrs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mg%20alloy" title="Mg alloy">Mg alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AZ91D" title=" AZ91D"> AZ91D</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonflammable%20alloy" title=" nonflammable alloy"> nonflammable alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20equilibrium" title=" phase equilibrium"> phase equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peak%20aging" title=" peak aging"> peak aging</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34978/effect-of-aging-treatment-on-tensile-properties-of-az91d-mg-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34978.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">429</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11362</span> 2D and 3D Unsteady Simulation of the Heat Transfer in the Sample during Heat Treatment by Moving Heat Source</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zden%C4%9Bk%20Vesel%C3%BD">Zdeněk Veselý</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milan%20Honner"> Milan Honner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%C5%99%C3%AD%20Mach"> Jiří Mach </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the performed work is to establish the 2D and 3D model of direct unsteady task of sample heat treatment by moving source employing computer model on the basis of finite element method. The complex boundary condition on heat loaded sample surface is the essential feature of the task. Computer model describes heat treatment of the sample during heat source movement over the sample surface. It is started from the 2D task of sample cross section as a basic model. Possibilities of extension from 2D to 3D task are discussed. The effect of the addition of third model dimension on the temperature distribution in the sample is showed. Comparison of various model parameters on the sample temperatures is observed. Influence of heat source motion on the depth of material heat treatment is shown for several velocities of the movement. Presented computer model is prepared for the utilization in laser treatment of machine parts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20simulation" title="computer simulation">computer simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsteady%20model" title=" unsteady model"> unsteady model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatment" title=" heat treatment"> heat treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex%20boundary%20condition" title=" complex boundary condition"> complex boundary condition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moving%20heat%20source" title=" moving heat source"> moving heat source</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32393/2d-and-3d-unsteady-simulation-of-the-heat-transfer-in-the-sample-during-heat-treatment-by-moving-heat-source" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32393.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11361</span> Effect of Solution Heat Treatment on Intergranular Corrosion Resistance of Welded Stainless Steel AISI 321</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Mahmoudi">Amir Mahmoudi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this investigation, AISI321 steel after welding by Shilded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) was solution heat treated in various temperatures and times, and then was sensitizied. Results indicated, increasing of temperature in solution heat treatment raises the sensitization and creates the cavity structure in grain boundaries. Besides, in order to examine the effect of time on solution heat treatment, all samples were solution heat treated at different times and fixed temperature (1050°C). By increasing the time, more chrome carbides were created due to dissolution of delta ferrite phase and reproduce titanium carbides. Additionally, the best process for solution heat treatment for this steel was suggested. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stainless%20steel" title="stainless steel">stainless steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solution%20heat%20treatment" title=" solution heat treatment"> solution heat treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intergranular%20corrosion" title=" intergranular corrosion"> intergranular corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DLEPR" title=" DLEPR"> DLEPR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26566/effect-of-solution-heat-treatment-on-intergranular-corrosion-resistance-of-welded-stainless-steel-aisi-321" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26566.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">521</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11360</span> Protective Role of Phycobiliproteins in ROS-Associated Physiological Anomalies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravi%20Raghav%20Sonani">Ravi Raghav Sonani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niraj%20Kumar%20Singh"> Niraj Kumar Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jitendra%20Kumar"> Jitendra Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Datta%20Madamwar"> Datta Madamwar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phycobiliproteins (PBPs) are light harvesting proteins showing very strong absorbance and fluorescence in the visible range of the solar spectrum. Phycoerythrin (PE) and phycocyanin (PC) are majorly found PBPs in the cyanobacteria and red algae. In the present study, we have investigated the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-averting capacity of purified PE and PC of cyanobacterial origin. Furthermore, the possibility - whether the ROS-averting potential of PBPs can be explored in the therapeutics of oxidative stress associated physiological anomalies including aging and neurodegenerative diseases. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been used as model organism in this study. PE and PC treatment moderated normal aging and associated physiological functionalities like pharyngeal pumping and locomotion of C. elegans. Moreover, PE-treatment enhanced the stress (oxidative and heat) tolerance upon PE and PC treatment. Specifically, PE treatment was also noted to moderate the progression of Alzheimer’s disease in transgenic C. elegans CL4176. However, PC-treatment curtailed the polyQ aggregation mediated proteotoxicity in C. elegans AM141 (Huntington disease model) under stressed (paraquat stress) as well as normal conditions. The effectiveness of PE and PC in expanding the lifespan of mutant C. elegans knockout for some up- (daf 16) and down- (daf-2 and age-1) stream regulators of insulin/IGF-1 signalling (IIS) shows the independency of their effects from DAF-2–AGE-1–DAF-16 signalling pathway. In conclusion, the present report demonstrates the anti-aging and neuro-protective potential of cyanobacterial PE and PC. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phycobiliproteins" title="phycobiliproteins">phycobiliproteins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging" title=" aging"> aging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alzheimer" title=" alzheimer"> alzheimer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=huntington" title=" huntington"> huntington</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20elegans" title=" C. elegans"> C. elegans</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45646/protective-role-of-phycobiliproteins-in-ros-associated-physiological-anomalies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45646.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11359</span> Effect of Hormones Priming on Enzyme Activity and Lipid Peroxidation in Wheat Seed under Accelerated Aging</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amin%20Abbasi">Amin Abbasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fariborz%20Shekari"> Fariborz Shekari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Bahman%20Mousavi"> Seyed Bahman Mousavi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Seed aging during storage is a complex biochemical and physiological processes that can lead to reduce seed germination. This phenomenon associated with increasing of total antioxidant activity during aging. To study the effects of hormones on seed aging, aged wheat seeds (control, 90 and 80% viabilities) were treated with GA3, Salicylic Acid, and paclobutrazol and antioxidant system were investigated as molecular biomarkers for seed vigor. The results showed that, seed priming treatment significantly affected germination percentage, normality seedling percentage, H2O2, MDA, CAT, APX, and GPX activates. Maximum germination percentage achieve in GA3 priming in control treatment. Germination percentage and normal seedling percentage increased in other GA3 priming treatment compared with other hormones. Also aging increased MDA, H2O2 content. MDA is considered sensitive marker commonly used for assessing membrane lipid peroxidation and H2O2result in toxicity to cellular membrane system and damages to plant cells. Amount of H2O2 and MDA declined in GA3 treatment. CAT, GPX and APX activities were reduced by increasing the aging time and at different levels of priming. The highest APX activity was observed in Salicylic Acid control treatment and the highest GPX and CAT activity was obtained in GA3 control treatment. The lowest MDA and H2O2 showed in GA3 control treatment, too. Hormone priming increased Antioxidant enzyme activity and decreased amount of reactive oxygen space and malondialdehyde (MDA) under aging treatment. Also, GA3 priming treatments have a significant effect on germination percentage and number of normal seedling. Generally aging seed, increase ROS and lipid peroxidation. Antioxidant enzymes activity of aged seeds increased after hormone priming. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormones%20priming" title="hormones priming">hormones priming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheat" title=" wheat"> wheat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging%20seed" title=" aging seed"> aging seed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title=" antioxidant"> antioxidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipid%20peroxidation" title=" lipid peroxidation"> lipid peroxidation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3560/effect-of-hormones-priming-on-enzyme-activity-and-lipid-peroxidation-in-wheat-seed-under-accelerated-aging" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3560.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">496</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11358</span> Effect of Modifiers (Sr/Sb) and Heat Treatment on the Microstructures and Wear Properties of Al-11Si-3Cu-0.5Mg Alloys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheng-Long%20Lee">Sheng-Long Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tse-An%20Pan"> Tse-An Pan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, an optical microscope (OM), electron microscope (SEM), electrical conductivity meter (% IACS), hardness test, and wear test were subjected to analyze the microstructure of the wrought Al-11Si-3Cu-0.5Mg alloys. The effect of eutectic silicon morphology and alloy hardness on wear properties was investigated. The results showed that in the cast state, the morphology of eutectic silicon modified by strontium and antimony is lamellar and finer fibrous structure. After homogenization, the eutectic Si modified by Sr coarsened, and the eutectic Si modified by Sb refined due to fragmentation. The addition of modifiers, hot rolling, and solution aging treatment can control eutectic silicon morphology and hardness. The finer eutectic silicon and higher hardness have better wear resistance. During the wearing process, a protective oxide layer, also known as Mechanical Mixed Layer (MML), is formed on the surface of the alloy. The MML has higher stability and cracking resistance in Sr-modified alloys than in Sb-modified alloys. The study found that the wearing behavior of Al-11Si-3Cu-0.5Mg alloy was enhanced by the combination of adding Sr with lower solution time and T6 peak aging. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Si-Cu-Mg%20alloy" title="Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy">Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eutectic%20silicon" title=" eutectic silicon"> eutectic silicon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatment" title=" heat treatment"> heat treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear%20property" title=" wear property"> wear property</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162288/effect-of-modifiers-srsb-and-heat-treatment-on-the-microstructures-and-wear-properties-of-al-11si-3cu-05mg-alloys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162288.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11357</span> Separation of Hazardous Brominated Plastics from Waste Plastics by Froth Flotation after Surface Modification with Mild Heat-Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nguyen%20Thi%20Thanh%20Truc">Nguyen Thi Thanh Truc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chi-Hyeon%20Lee"> Chi-Hyeon Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srinivasa%20Reddy%20Mallampati"> Srinivasa Reddy Mallampati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byeong-Kyu%20Lee"> Byeong-Kyu Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study evaluated to facilitate separation of ABS plastics from other waste plastics by froth flotation after surface hydrophilization of ABS with heat treatment. The mild heat treatment at 100oC for 60s could selectively increase the hydrophilicity of the ABS plastics surface (i.e., ABS contact angle decreased from 79o to 65.8o) among other plastics mixture. The SEM and XPS results of plastic samples sufficiently supported the increase in hydrophilic functional groups and decrease contact angle on ABS surface, after heat treatment. As a result of the froth flotation (at mixing speed 150 rpm and airflow rate 0.3 L/min) after heat treatment, about 85% of ABS was selectively separated from other heavy plastics with 100% of purity. The effect of optimum treatment condition and detailed mechanism onto separation efficiency in the froth floatation was also investigated. This research is successful in giving a simple, effective, and inexpensive method for ABS separation from waste plastics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ABS" title="ABS">ABS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrophilic" title=" hydrophilic"> hydrophilic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatment" title=" heat treatment"> heat treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=froth%20flotation" title=" froth flotation"> froth flotation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contact%20angle" title=" contact angle"> contact angle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32214/separation-of-hazardous-brominated-plastics-from-waste-plastics-by-froth-flotation-after-surface-modification-with-mild-heat-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32214.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11356</span> On-Chip Aging Sensor Circuit Based on Phase Locked Loop Circuit </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ararat%20Khachatryan">Ararat Khachatryan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Davit%20Mirzoyan"> Davit Mirzoyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In sub micrometer technology, the aging phenomenon starts to have a significant impact on the reliability of integrated circuits by bringing performance degradation. For that reason, it is important to have a capability to evaluate the aging effects accurately. This paper presents an accurate aging measurement approach based on phase-locked loop (PLL) and voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) circuit. The architecture is rejecting the circuit self-aging effect from the characteristics of PLL, which is generating the frequency without any aging phenomena affects. The aging monitor is implemented in low power 32 nm CMOS technology, and occupies a pretty small area. Aging simulation results show that the proposed aging measurement circuit improves accuracy by about 2.8% at high temperature and 19.6% at high voltage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging%20effect" title="aging effect">aging effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HCI" title=" HCI"> HCI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NBTI" title=" NBTI"> NBTI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoscale" title=" nanoscale"> nanoscale</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65068/on-chip-aging-sensor-circuit-based-on-phase-locked-loop-circuit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65068.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11355</span> Thermo-Mechanical Treatments of Cu-Ti Alloys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20M.%20Morgham">M. M. Morgham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Hameda"> A. A. Hameda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20A.%20Zriba"> N. A. Zriba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20A.%20Jawan"> H. A. Jawan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to study the effect of cold work condition on the microstructure of Cu-1.5wt%Ti, and Cu-3.5wt%Ti and hence mechanical properties. The samples under investigation were machined and solution heat treated. X-ray diffraction technique is used to identify the different phases present after cold deformation by compression and also different heat treatment and also measuring the relative quantities of phases present. Metallographic examination is used to study the microstructure of the samples. The hardness measurements were used to indicate the change in mechanical properties. The results are compared with the mechanical properties obtained by previous workers. Experiments on cold compression followed by aging of Cu-Ti alloys have indicated that the most effective hardening of the material results from continuous precipitation of very fine particles within the matrix. These particles were reported to be β`-type, Cu4Ti phase. The β`-β transformation and particles coarsening within the matrix as well as a long grain boundaries were responsible for the averaging of Cu-1.5wt%Ti and Cu-3.5wt%Ti alloys. It is well know that plate like particles are β – type, Cu3Ti phase. Discontinuous precipitation was found to start at the grain boundaries and expand into grain interior. At the higher aging temperature a classic widmanstätten morphology forms giving rise to a coarse microstructure comprised of α and the equilibrium phase β. Those results were confirmed by X-ray analysis, which found that a few percent of Cu3Ti, β precipitates are formed during aging at high temperature for long time for both Cu- Ti alloys (i.e. Cu-1.5wt%Ti and Cu-3.5wt%Ti). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metallographic" title="metallographic">metallographic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardness" title=" hardness"> hardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precipitation" title=" precipitation"> precipitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging" title=" aging"> aging</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4385/thermo-mechanical-treatments-of-cu-ti-alloys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4385.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">406</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11354</span> Effect of Welding Heat Input on Intergranular Corrosion of Inconel 625 Overlay Weld Metal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joon-Suk%20Kim">Joon-Suk Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hae-Woo%20Lee"> Hae-Woo Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study discusses the effect of welding heat input on intergranular corrosion of the weld metal of Inconel 625 alloy. A specimen of Inconel 625 with a weld metal that controlled welding heat input was manufactured, and aging heat treatment was conducted to investigate sensitization by chromium carbides. The electrochemical SL and DL EPR experiments, together with the chemical ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid and nitric acid tests, were conducted to determine intergranular corrosion susceptibility between the specimens. In the SL and DL EPR experiments, specimens were stabilized in the weld metal, and therefore intergranular corrosion susceptibility could not be determined. However, in the ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid and nitric acid tests, the corrosion speed increased as heat input increased. This was because the amount of diluted Fe increased as the welding heat input increased, leading to microsegregation between the dendrites, which had a negative effect on the corrosion resistance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inconel%20625" title="Inconel 625">Inconel 625</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weling" title=" weling"> weling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overlay" title=" overlay"> overlay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20input" title=" heat input"> heat input</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intergranular%20corrosion" title=" intergranular corrosion"> intergranular corrosion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30408/effect-of-welding-heat-input-on-intergranular-corrosion-of-inconel-625-overlay-weld-metal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30408.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">356</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11353</span> Effects of Heat Treatment on the Elastic Constants of Cedar Wood</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tugba%20Yilmaz%20Aydin">Tugba Yilmaz Aydin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ergun%20Guntekin"> Ergun Guntekin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murat%20Aydin"> Murat Aydin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Effects of heat treatment on the elastic constants of cedar wood (Cedrus libani) were investigated. Specimens were exposed to heat under atmospheric pressure at four different temperatures (120, 150, 180, 210 °C) and three different time levels (2, 5, 8 hours). Three Young’s modulus (EL, ER, ET) and six Poisson ratios (μLR, μLT, μRL, μRT, μTL, μTR) were determined from compression test using bi-axial extensometer at constant moisture content (12 %). Three shear modulus were determined using ultrasound. Six shear wave velocities propagating along the principal axes of anisotropy were measured using EPOCH 650 ultrasonic flaw detector with 1 MHz transverse transducers. The properties of the samples tested were significantly affected by heat treatment by different degree. As a result, softer treatments yielded some amount of increase in Young modulus and shear modulus values, but increase of time and temperature resulted in significant decrease for both values. Poisson ratios seemed insensitive to heat treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cedar%20wood" title="cedar wood">cedar wood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20constants" title=" elastic constants"> elastic constants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatment" title=" heat treatment"> heat treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50445/effects-of-heat-treatment-on-the-elastic-constants-of-cedar-wood" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50445.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11352</span> Precipitation and Age Hardening in Al-Mg-Si-(Cu) Alloys for Automotive Body Sheet</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahar%20Abid">Tahar Abid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haoues%20Ghouss"> Haoues Ghouss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhamid%20Boubertakh"> Abdelhamid Boubertakh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This present work is focused on the hardening precipitation in two AlMgSi(Cu) automotive body sheets. The effect of pre-aging, aging treatment and 0.10 wt % copper addition on the hardening response was investigated using scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Vickers microhardness measurements (Hv). The results reveal the apparition of α-AlFeSi, α-AlFe(Mn)Si type precipitates frequently present and witch remain stable at high temperature in Al-Mg-Si alloys. Indeed, the hardening response in both sheets is certainly due to the predominance of very fine typical phases β' and β'' as rods and needles developed during aging with and without pre-aging. The effect of pre ageing just after homogenization and quenching is to correct the undesirable effect of aging at ambient temperature by making faster alloy hardening during artificial aging.The addition of 0.10 wt % copper has allowed to refine and to enhance the precipitation hardening after quenching. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AlMgSi%20alloys" title="AlMgSi alloys">AlMgSi alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precipitation" title=" precipitation"> precipitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardening" title=" hardening"> hardening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activation%20energy" title=" activation energy"> activation energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166964/precipitation-and-age-hardening-in-al-mg-si-cu-alloys-for-automotive-body-sheet" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166964.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11351</span> Characterization Study of Aluminium 6061 Hybrid Composite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20Achutha%20Kini">U. Achutha Kini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20S.%20Sharma"> S. S. Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Jagannath"> K. Jagannath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20R.%20Prabhu"> P. R. Prabhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20C.%20Gowri%20Shankar"> M. C. Gowri Shankar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aluminium matrix composites with alumina reinforcements give superior mechanical & physical properties. Their applications in several fields like automobile, aerospace, defense, sports, electronics, bio-medical and other industrial purposes are becoming essential for the last several decades. In the present work, fabrication of hybrid composite was done by Stir casting technique using Al 6061 as a matrix with alumina and silicon carbide (SiC) as reinforcement materials. The weight percentage of alumina is varied from 2 to 4% and the silicon carbide weight percentage is maintained constant at 2%. Hardness and wear tests are performed in the as cast and heat treated conditions. Age hardening treatment was performed on the specimen with solutionizing at 550°C, aging at two temperatures (150 and 200°C) for different time durations. Hardness distribution curves are drawn and peak hardness values are recorded. Hardness increase was very sensitive with respect to the decrease in aging temperature. There was an improvement in wear resistance of the peak aged material when aged at lower temperature. Also increase in weight percent of alumina, increases wear resistance at lower temperature but opposite behavior was seen when aged at higher temperature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20composite" title="hybrid composite">hybrid composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardness%20test" title=" hardness test"> hardness test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear%20test" title=" wear test"> wear test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatment" title=" heat treatment"> heat treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pin%20on%20disc%20wear%20testing%20machine" title=" pin on disc wear testing machine"> pin on disc wear testing machine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26287/characterization-study-of-aluminium-6061-hybrid-composite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26287.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">320</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11350</span> Effect of Heat Treatment on Columnar Grain Growth and Goss Texture on Surface in Grain-Oriented Electrical Steels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jungkyun%20Na">Jungkyun Na</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaesang%20Lee"> Jaesang Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Mo%20Koo"> Yang Mo Koo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study to find a replacement for expensive secondary recrystallization in GO electrical steel production, effect of heat treatment on the formation of columnar grain and Goss texture is investigated. The composition of the sample is Fe-2.0Si-0.2C. This process involves repeating of cold rolling and decarburization as a replacement for secondary recrystallization. By cold-rolling shear band is made and Goss grain grows from shear band by decarburization. By doing another cold rolling, some Goss texture is newly formed from the shear band, and some Goss texture is retained in microbands. To determine whether additional heat treatment with H2 atmosphere is needed on decarburization process for growth of Goss texture, comparing between decarburization and heat treatment with H2 atmosphere is performed. Also, to find optimum condition for heat treatment, heat treatment with various time and temperature is performed. It was found that increase in the number of cold rolling and heat treatment increases Goss texture. Both high Goss texture and good columnar structure is achieved at 900℃, and this temperature is within a+r phase region. Heat treatment at a temperature higher than a+r phase region caused carbon diffusion and this made layer with Goss grain decrease. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20steel" title="electrical steel">electrical steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Goss%20texture" title=" Goss texture"> Goss texture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=columnar%20structure" title=" columnar structure"> columnar structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normal%20grain%20growth" title=" normal grain growth"> normal grain growth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74896/effect-of-heat-treatment-on-columnar-grain-growth-and-goss-texture-on-surface-in-grain-oriented-electrical-steels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74896.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">218</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11349</span> Comparative Study of Mechanical and Corrosion Behaviors on Heat Treated Steel Alloys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mario%20Robinson">Mario Robinson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moe%20Rabea"> Moe Rabea</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research examines the effects of heat treatment processes on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistanceof1045 and 4140 Steel Alloysfor industrial applications. Heat treatment processes of full annealing, normalizing, quenching, and tempering are carried out on the alloy samples. The mechanical and corrosion resistance tests of the heat treated samples are carried out, and the results obtained are related to their SEMmorphologies analysis. The results show that the heat treatment processes have an effect on the tensile strength, impact, and a significant effect on the corrosion resistance of the alloy samples. With respect to the strain characteristics, significant improvement in the ductility of the samples is recorded in the full annealing and alloy tempered samples. Thus, for application requiring strength and ductility, such as in aerospace industries, this tempered heat treated alloy could be used. In addition, the quenched sample shows a significant improvement in hardness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatment" title="heat treatment">heat treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion%20resistance" title=" corrosion resistance"> corrosion resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel" title=" steel"> steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20appilcations" title=" industrial appilcations"> industrial appilcations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153004/comparative-study-of-mechanical-and-corrosion-behaviors-on-heat-treated-steel-alloys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153004.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11348</span> Heat Treatment on Malaysian Hardwood Timbers: The Effect of Heat Exposure at Different Levels of Temperature on Bending Strength Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nur%20Ilya%20Farhana%20Md%20Noh">Nur Ilya Farhana Md Noh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakiah%20Ahmad"> Zakiah Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heat treatment on timbers is a process of applying heat to modify and equip the timbers with new improvised characteristics. It is environmental friendly compared to the common practice of treating timber by chemical preservatives. Malaysian hardwood timbers; Pauh Kijang and Kapur in green condition were heat treated at 150°C, 170°C, 190°C and 210°C in a specially design electronic furnace in one hour duration. The objectives were to determine the effect of heat treatment on bending strength properties of heat treated Pauh Kijang and Kapur in term of Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) and Modulus of Rupture (MOR) and to examine the significance changes at each temperature levels applied. Untreated samples for each species were used as a control sample. The results indicated that the bending strength properties for both species of timbers were affected by the heat exposure. Both MOE and MOR values for heat treated Pauh Kijang were increased when subjected to the specified temperature levels except at 210°C. The values were dropped compared to the control sample and sample treated at 190°C. Heat treated Kapur shows the same pattern of increment on its MOE and MOR values after exposure to heat at three temperature levels used and the values dropped at 210°C. However, differ to Pauh Kijang, even though there were decrement occurred at 210°C but the value is still higher compared to the control sample. The increments of MOE and MOR values are an indicator that heat treatment had successfully improvised the bending strength properties of these two species of hardwood timber. As the good strength of Malaysian timbers used as structural material is limited in numbers and expensive, heat treating timber with low strength properties is an alternative way to overcome this issue. Heat treatment is an alternative method need to be explored and made available in Malaysia as this country is still practicing chemical preservative treatment on the timbers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending%20strength" title="bending strength">bending strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardwood%20timber" title=" hardwood timber"> hardwood timber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatment" title=" heat treatment"> heat treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modulus%20of%20elasticity%20%28MOE%29" title=" modulus of elasticity (MOE)"> modulus of elasticity (MOE)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modulus%20of%20rupture%20%28MOR%29" title=" modulus of rupture (MOR)"> modulus of rupture (MOR)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68941/heat-treatment-on-malaysian-hardwood-timbers-the-effect-of-heat-exposure-at-different-levels-of-temperature-on-bending-strength-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68941.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11347</span> Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of A201 Alloys with Additions of Si</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suzan%20Abd%20El%20Majid">Suzan Abd El Majid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Menachem%20Bamberger"> Menachem Bamberger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20Katsman"> Alexander Katsman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Two Al-4 wt. % Cu based alloys, A201 and A201+Si were investigated in the as-cast, solution treated and aged conditions. The addition of Si was used to improve the castability of the basic alloy. The all investigated alloys in the as-cast condition contained a eutectic structure along grain boundaries (GBs) with the composition Al-50at. %Cu that was found by HRSEM EDS. Addition of Si refined the grain structure and changed the amount of the eutectic regions, their size and shape. Additionally, the A201+Si microstructure contained Si rods and small amount of Al6Mn4Cu3Fe2Si-phase. Solution treatment (ST) at 550°C for ~ 20 hours resulted in a slight dissolution of the eutectic structure in the A201 alloy while substantial dissolution and change of the eutectic composition was detected in the A201+Si alloy. After ST, the A201alloy contained θ-Al2Cu, Al5Cu2Mn3 and Al9Cu7Mn3(Fe) phases associated to the GBs, while the ST A201+Si alloy contained θ-Al2Cu, Al6Mn4Cu3(Fe,Si) and Si94Mn3Al2Cu phases. Precipitation hardening during aging at 170°C was investigated for both alloys. The microhardness of the ST A201alloy increased during aging and reached the maximum value ~ 140 HV after 2 h of aging. Initial microhardness of the ST A201+Si alloy was distinctly higher than one of the ST A201 alloy, but it decreased during the first hour of aging, then increased and reached the same maximum value ~ 140 HV after ~ 4 h of aging. It was concluded that the Si addition influenced the precipitation sequence and slowed down the age hardening process. The Si induced grain refining and evolution of the eutectic structure during the heat treatments applied are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A201%20alloys" title="A201 alloys">A201 alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=castability" title=" castability"> castability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-hardness" title=" micro-hardness"> micro-hardness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24114/microstructure-and-mechanical-properties-of-a201-alloys-with-additions-of-si" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24114.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11346</span> Inﬂuence of Sodium Acetate on Electroless Ni-P Deposits and Effect of Heat Treatment on Corrosion Behavior </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20El%20Kaissi">Y. El Kaissi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Allam"> M. Allam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Koulou"> A. Koulou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Galai"> M. Galai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ebn%20Touhami"> M. Ebn Touhami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of our work is to develop an industrial bath of nickel alloy deposit on mild steel. The optimization of the operating parameters made it possible to obtain a stable Ni-P alloy deposition formulation. To understand the reaction mechanism of the deposition process, a kinetic study was performed by cyclic voltammetry and by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The coatings obtained have a very high corrosion resistance in a very aggressive acid medium which increases with the heat treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20voltammetry" title="cyclic voltammetry">cyclic voltammetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EIS" title=" EIS"> EIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electroless%20Ni%E2%80%93P%20coating" title=" electroless Ni–P coating"> electroless Ni–P coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatment" title=" heat treatment"> heat treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=potentiodynamic%20polarization" title=" potentiodynamic polarization"> potentiodynamic polarization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63389/influence-of-sodium-acetate-on-electroless-ni-p-deposits-and-effect-of-heat-treatment-on-corrosion-behavior" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63389.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging%20heat%20Treatment&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging%20heat%20Treatment&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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