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class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>1970s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1970s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1980s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1980s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>1980s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1980s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1990s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1990s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>1990s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1990s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>2000s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2010s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>2010s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9</span> <span>Present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sponsorship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sponsorship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sponsorship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sponsorship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Products" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Products"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Products</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Products-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet 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Available in 29 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%BA" title="غرونديغ – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غرونديغ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%82" title="قروندیق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قروندیق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Grundig" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Grundig" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig_(Unternehmen)" title="Grundig (Unternehmen) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Grundig (Unternehmen)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Grundig" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C%DA%AF" title="گروندیگ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گروندیگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Grundig" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A3%AC%EB%94%95" title="그룬딕 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="그룬딕" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Grundig" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Grundig" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Grundig" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Grundig" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AC" title="جرونديج – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جرونديج" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Grundig" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AB%E3%83%B3%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%83%E3%83%92" title="グルンディッヒ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グルンディッヒ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Grundig" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig_AG" title="Grundig AG – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Grundig AG" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Grundig" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Grundig" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Grundig" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig_AG" title="Grundig AG – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Grundig AG" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Grundig" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Grundig" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Grundig" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Grundig" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Grundig" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Grundig" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E5%BE%B7" title="根德 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="根德" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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ib-brand"><caption class="infobox-title fn">Grundig</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size ib-brand-logo" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Grundig_Intermedia_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Grundig_Intermedia_logo.svg/220px-Grundig_Intermedia_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Grundig_Intermedia_logo.svg/330px-Grundig_Intermedia_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Grundig_Intermedia_logo.svg/440px-Grundig_Intermedia_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="109" data-file-height="30" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Product type</th><td class="infobox-data type"><a href="/wiki/Home_appliance" title="Home appliance">Home appliances</a> and <a href="/wiki/Consumer_electronics" title="Consumer electronics">consumer electronics</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data brand"><a href="/wiki/Ar%C3%A7elik" title="Arçelik">Arçelik A.Ş.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Introduced</th><td class="infobox-data">1945 by <a href="/wiki/Max_Grundig" title="Max Grundig">Max Grundig</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Grundig</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">English: </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ʌ/: 'u' in 'cut'">ʌ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ʊ/: 'u' in 'push'">ʊ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">GRU(U)N</span>-dig</i></a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991" /><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">German pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="de-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈɡʁʊndɪç]</a></span>) is a consumer electronics brand<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and company that manufactures <a href="/wiki/Domestic_appliances" class="mw-redirect" title="Domestic appliances">domestic appliances</a> and <a href="/wiki/Personal-care_products" class="mw-redirect" title="Personal-care products">personal-care products</a>. It is owned by <a href="/wiki/Ar%C3%A7elik" title="Arçelik">Arçelik A.Ş.</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Major_appliance" title="Major appliance">white goods (major appliance)</a> manufacturer of Turkish conglomerate <a href="/wiki/Ko%C3%A7_Holding" title="Koç Holding">Koç Holding</a>. Originally a <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">German</a> local consumer electronics company, Grundig <a href="/wiki/Gesellschaft_mit_beschr%C3%A4nkter_Haftung" class="mw-redirect" title="Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung">GmbH</a> was founded in 1945 by <a href="/wiki/Max_Grundig" title="Max Grundig">Max Grundig</a> and was headquartered for the most part in <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg">Nuremberg</a> until its insolvency in 2003. </p><p>The original Grundig company helped fuel the <a href="/wiki/Wirtschaftswunder" title="Wirtschaftswunder">post-war economic miracle</a> of West Germany and it grew to become one of the leading manufacturers in the world of radio, TV, recording and other electronic equipment in the following decades. In the 1970s, <a href="/wiki/Philips" title="Philips">Philips</a> began acquiring Grundig's shares, leading to complete control in 1993, but Philips divested Grundig by 1998. Grundig filed for bankruptcy in April 2003 after years of losses and strong competition from cheaper Asian competitors.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most of the former Grundig business was acquired by a Turkish-British joint venture of <a href="/wiki/Beko" title="Beko">Beko</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alba_(electronics_brand)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alba (electronics brand)">Alba</a> in 2004,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who relaunched the Grundig brand for consumer electronics as Grundig Intermedia GmbH, whereas Grundig's <a href="/wiki/Car_radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Car radio">car radio</a> division was acquired by American company <a href="/wiki/Delphi_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Delphi Corporation">Delphi Corporation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007, Koç Holding (parent company of Beko) acquired full ownership of Grundig and put the brand under its home-appliances subsidiary Arcelik A.Ş.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Grundig Intermedia left Nuremberg in 2016 to a new base in <a href="/wiki/Neu-Isenburg" title="Neu-Isenburg">Neu-Isenburg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later it merged with Beko Germany to form Beko Grundig Germany GmbH and is now based in <a href="/wiki/Eschborn" title="Eschborn">Eschborn</a> which functions as the German and North European headquarters of Arçelik.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grundig&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grundig_Heinzelmann.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Grundig_Heinzelmann.JPG/220px-Grundig_Heinzelmann.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Grundig_Heinzelmann.JPG/330px-Grundig_Heinzelmann.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Grundig_Heinzelmann.JPG/440px-Grundig_Heinzelmann.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Radio kit <i>Heinzelmann</i> (1945)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grundig_melody_boy_400.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Grundig_melody_boy_400.jpg/220px-Grundig_melody_boy_400.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Grundig_melody_boy_400.jpg/330px-Grundig_melody_boy_400.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Grundig_melody_boy_400.jpg/440px-Grundig_melody_boy_400.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="675" /></a><figcaption>Grundig melody boy 400 radio</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grundig_TK42.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Grundig_TK42.jpg/220px-Grundig_TK42.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Grundig_TK42.jpg/330px-Grundig_TK42.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Grundig_TK42.jpg/440px-Grundig_TK42.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="715" /></a><figcaption>Grundig TK42 tape recorder</figcaption></figure> <p>Grundig began in 1945 with the establishment of a store named Fürth, Grundig & Wurzer (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Radio-Vertrieb_F%C3%BCrth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radio-Vertrieb Fürth (page does not exist)">Radio-Vertrieb Fürth</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio-Vertrieb_F%C3%BCrth" class="extiw" title="de:Radio-Vertrieb Fürth">de</a>]</span>), which sold <a href="/wiki/Radio" title="Radio">radios</a> and was headquartered in <a href="/wiki/F%C3%BCrth" title="Fürth">Fürth</a>, northern <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>. After the Second World War, Max Grundig recognized the need for radios in Germany, and in 1947 produced a <a href="/wiki/Electronic_kit" title="Electronic kit">kit</a>, while a factory and administration centre were built at Fürth. In 1951, the first <a href="/wiki/Television_set" title="Television set">television sets</a> were manufactured at the new facility. At the time Grundig was the largest radio manufacturer in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>. Divisions were established in <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg">Nuremberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Karlsruhe" title="Karlsruhe">Karlsruhe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-arcelikas.com_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arcelikas.com-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, Grundig launched its home appliances (white goods) product range, becoming one of the mainstream manufacturers in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Parent Arcelik A.Ş., has more than 27,000 employees worldwide. Grundig has manufacturing plants in several European cities that deliver their products to more than 65 countries around the world.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1940s">1940s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grundig&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1940s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Grundig started as a typical German company in 1945. Its early notability was due to <i>Grundig radio</i>. Max Grundig, a radio dealer, built a machine called "<i>Heinzelmann</i>", which was a radio that came without <a href="/wiki/Thermionic_valves" class="mw-redirect" title="Thermionic valves">thermionic valves</a> and as a <a href="/wiki/Do_it_yourself" title="Do it yourself">do it yourself</a> kit to circumvent post war rules. The first of the same was named the <i>Weltklang</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-arcelikas.com_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arcelikas.com-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1950s">1950s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grundig&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1950s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Based on the success of the Heinzelmann, Grundig opened a factory. This allowed the company to start <i>Grundig TV</i>. This was created for the first German television channel which started in 1952. The company then developed a portable <a href="/wiki/Tape_recorder" title="Tape recorder">tape recorder</a> and The Grundig Television Receiver 210.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1955, the American firm of <a href="/wiki/Wilcox-Gay" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilcox-Gay">Wilcox-Gay</a> began importing Grundig radios into the U.S., using its Majestic Radio dealer network to distribute the German company's products.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The marketing of "Majestic-Grundig" radios continued until Wilcox-Gay went out of business at the end of 1961. </p><p>In 1957, Grundig purchased a majority stake in <a href="/wiki/Triumph-Adler" title="Triumph-Adler">Triumph-Adler</a> as well as in <a href="/wiki/Adlerwerke" class="mw-redirect" title="Adlerwerke">Adlerwerke</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dingwerth_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dingwerth-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1958, Grundig acquired both companies outright and merged them and Grundig's <a href="/wiki/Dictation_machine" title="Dictation machine">dictation machine</a> division to form <i>Triumph-Adler-Büromaschinen-Vertriebs-GmbH</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-idoch_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-idoch-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1960s">1960s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grundig&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1960s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A plant was opened in 1960 to manufacture <a href="/wiki/Tape_recorder" title="Tape recorder">tape recorders</a> in <a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a>, Northern Ireland, the first production by Grundig outside Germany. The managing director of the plant, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Niedermayer" title="Thomas Niedermayer">Thomas Niedermayer</a>, was kidnapped and later killed by the <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Provisional Irish Republican Army">Provisional IRA</a> in December 1973.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The factory was closed with the loss of around 1000 jobs in 1980.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1970s">1970s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grundig&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1970s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1972, Grundig GmbH became Grundig <a href="/wiki/Aktiengesellschaft" title="Aktiengesellschaft">AG</a>. After this <a href="/wiki/Philips" title="Philips">Philips</a> began to gradually accumulate <a href="/wiki/Share_(finance)" title="Share (finance)">shares</a> in the company over the years, and assumed complete economic control in 1993. Grundig pulled out of this partnership in 1998 owing to unsatisfactory performance and the decline in Philips consumer electronics presence around the world.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Televisore_CRT,_a_colori,_18_pollici,_da_tavolo,_a_transistor_-_Museo_scienza_tecnologia_Milano_12155.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Televisore_CRT%2C_a_colori%2C_18_pollici%2C_da_tavolo%2C_a_transistor_-_Museo_scienza_tecnologia_Milano_12155.jpg/250px-Televisore_CRT%2C_a_colori%2C_18_pollici%2C_da_tavolo%2C_a_transistor_-_Museo_scienza_tecnologia_Milano_12155.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Televisore_CRT%2C_a_colori%2C_18_pollici%2C_da_tavolo%2C_a_transistor_-_Museo_scienza_tecnologia_Milano_12155.jpg/330px-Televisore_CRT%2C_a_colori%2C_18_pollici%2C_da_tavolo%2C_a_transistor_-_Museo_scienza_tecnologia_Milano_12155.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Televisore_CRT%2C_a_colori%2C_18_pollici%2C_da_tavolo%2C_a_transistor_-_Museo_scienza_tecnologia_Milano_12155.jpg/500px-Televisore_CRT%2C_a_colori%2C_18_pollici%2C_da_tavolo%2C_a_transistor_-_Museo_scienza_tecnologia_Milano_12155.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="978" /></a><figcaption>Grundig Colour TV with remote 1981</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1980s">1980s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grundig&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1980s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Germany's first colour television projector was started by Grundig in 1981. The next year, the second generation electronic notepad was developed and marketed. Philips increased its stake in the company and Max Grundig no longer controlled business management in 1984.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DAT-9009_Front.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/DAT-9009_Front.jpg/220px-DAT-9009_Front.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/DAT-9009_Front.jpg/330px-DAT-9009_Front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/DAT-9009_Front.jpg/440px-DAT-9009_Front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1570" data-file-height="337" /></a><figcaption>Grundig Fine Arts <a href="/wiki/Digital_Audio_Tape" title="Digital Audio Tape">Digital Audio Tape</a>-recorder DAT 9009 (1987–1990)<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1990s">1990s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grundig&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1990s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1991, Grundig entered the telephony equipment market starting with its cordless telephone. In 1993, the Grundig TV was based on a 16:9 picture format for signal transmission. In 1995 and 1996, the company included 3-D sound systems, TVs, satellite receivers and other initiatives that included interactive user guidance. However, Philips divested of its investment in the company by 1997–8.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000s">2000s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grundig&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 2000s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:N%C3%BCrnberg_Grundig_4111.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/N%C3%BCrnberg_Grundig_4111.jpg/220px-N%C3%BCrnberg_Grundig_4111.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/N%C3%BCrnberg_Grundig_4111.jpg/330px-N%C3%BCrnberg_Grundig_4111.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/N%C3%BCrnberg_Grundig_4111.jpg/440px-N%C3%BCrnberg_Grundig_4111.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2953" data-file-height="2041" /></a><figcaption>Former Grundig plant in Nuremberg</figcaption></figure> <p>At the end of June 2000 Grundig relocated its headquarters in Fürth to <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg">Nuremberg</a>-Langwasser. The company had a turnover of <a href="/wiki/Euro_sign" title="Euro sign">€</a>1.281 <a href="/wiki/Billion" title="Billion">billion</a> the following year. In autumn 2002, Grundig's banks did not extend the company's <a href="/wiki/Credit_(finance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Credit (finance)">lines of credit</a>, leaving the company with an April 2003 deadline to announce <a href="/wiki/Insolvency" title="Insolvency">insolvency</a>. Grundig AG declared <a href="/wiki/Bankruptcy" title="Bankruptcy">bankruptcy</a> in 2003. In 2004 the UK's <a href="/wiki/Alba_(electronics)" title="Alba (electronics)">Alba plc</a> and the Turkish Koç's <a href="/wiki/Beko_Elektronik" class="mw-redirect" title="Beko Elektronik">Beko</a> jointly <a href="/wiki/Takeover" title="Takeover">took over</a> Grundig Home InterMedia System, Grundig's consumer electronics division. In 2007 Alba sold its half of the business to Koç for US$50.3 million,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although it retained the license to use the Grundig brand in the UK until 2010, and in Australasia until 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2007 <a href="/wiki/Grundig_mobile" title="Grundig mobile">Grundig Mobile</a> announced the U900 <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>-based mobile phone.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the end of 2007 Turkey's <a href="/wiki/Ko%C3%A7_Holding" title="Koç Holding">Koç Holding</a> took full ownership of Grundig Multimedia, the parent company of Grundig Intermedia GmbH in <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg">Nuremberg</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010s">2010s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grundig&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 2010s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The company continued on to produce entertainment electronics, electrical, and home appliances. The company entered the <a href="/wiki/Major_appliance" title="Major appliance">white goods</a> sector in 2013, thus becoming the EU's only consumer electronics company covering the full range.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Present">Present</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grundig&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Grundig's headquarters are closed by Subscriptions. Worldwide, the Subscriptions company employs an additional 1,600 people in production, <a href="/wiki/Research_and_development" title="Research and development">research and development</a> and sales. The company is organized into three product groups: consumer electronics, small domestic appliances and large household appliances.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sponsorship">Sponsorship</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grundig&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Sponsorship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Grundig became the first official technology partner of the <a href="/wiki/Bundesliga" title="Bundesliga">Bundesliga</a> (professional <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a> league) in 2011. In addition to that, the Nuremberg football stadium was called Grundig Stadium until the end of 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Grundig continued its Bundesliga Official Technology Partnership in 2014. The Grundig logo was a permanent display item during all Bundesliga and Bundesliga 2 broadcasts from 2012/13 until 2014/15.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Grundig is also the name sponsor of the Norwegian Women's and Men's Handball Leagues.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Furthermore, Grundig continued its sponsorship with <a href="/wiki/Fenerbah%C3%A7e" class="mw-redirect" title="Fenerbahçe">Fenerbahçe</a>'s women's and men's volleyball teams, and sponsored many international golf tournaments in 2014. </p><p>Grundig launched the Respect Food initiative with the goal of underlining the seriousness of the <a href="/wiki/Food_waste" class="mw-redirect" title="Food waste">food waste</a> problem to reduce global food waste which is the second topic of the UN's 2030 sustainable development goals.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Products">Products</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grundig&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Products"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Grundig offers household appliances and electronic goods. </p> <ul><li><b>Television:</b> Grundig offers a wide range of LED televisions.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Radio:</b> Grundig produced several ranges of transistor radios. These included the small portable "Yacht Boy" radios for mariners, with FM, LW, MW, and up to 12 SW bands for worldwide coverage. The Satellit range radios were the most robust and sophisticated of the Grundig radio range.</li> <li><b>Audio:</b> Grundig audiovisual product range offers HIFI Systems, soundbars and Bluetooth speakers.</li> <li><b>Home appliances:</b> manufactured by Grundig include fridges, freezers, ovens, stoves, hobs, hoods, microwaves, warming drawers, washing machines and dryers. Grundig's small domestic appliances include coffee machines, toasters, tea makers, kettles, mixers, blenders, other kitchen helpers, dishwashers, steam irons and vacuum cleaners.</li> <li><b>Personal care products:</b> Grundig extended its product range and offers hair dryers, hair stylers, shavers, body scales, foot massagers, manicure and pedicure sets, toothbrushes, facial saunas and ultrasonic cleaners.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grundig&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/19px-Industry5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/29px-Industry5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/38px-Industry5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Companies" title="Portal:Companies">Companies</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_ksim.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Nuvola_apps_ksim.png/19px-Nuvola_apps_ksim.png" decoding="async" 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data-file-height="88" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Technology" title="Portal:Technology">Technology</a></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grundig_Business_Systems" title="Grundig Business Systems">Grundig Business Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_Compact_Cassette" class="mw-redirect" title="Video Compact Cassette">Video Compact Cassette</a> - VP-100 <a href="/wiki/VTR" class="mw-redirect" title="VTR">VTR</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grundig&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.gazetevatan.com/ekonomi/grundig-turk-mali-oldu-21764">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGow2003" class="citation news cs1">Gow, David (15 April 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2003/apr/15/germany.internationalnews1">"Grundig collapses into bankruptcy"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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title="Elica">Elica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faema" title="Faema">Faema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulgor" class="mw-redirect" title="Fulgor">Fulgor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaggia" title="Gaggia">Gaggia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacomini" title="Giacomini">Giacomini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gree_Electric" title="Gree Electric">Gree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haceb" title="Haceb">Haceb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haier" title="Haier">Haier</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Candy_(company)" title="Candy (company)">Candy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisher_%26_Paykel" title="Fisher & Paykel">Fisher & Paykel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GE_Appliances" title="GE Appliances">GE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hoover_Company" title="The Hoover Company">Hoover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotpoint" title="Hotpoint">Hotpoint</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Beach_Brands" title="Hamilton Beach Brands">Hamilton Beach</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proctor_Silex" title="Proctor 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Holdings">Khind-Mistral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleenmaid" title="Kleenmaid">Kleenmaid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LG_Electronics" title="LG Electronics">LG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liebherr" title="Liebherr">Liebherr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lofra" title="Lofra">Lofra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mabe_(company)" title="Mabe (company)">Mabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_Bullet_(appliance)" title="Magic Bullet (appliance)">Magic Bullet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_Chef" title="Magic Chef">Magic Chef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medion" title="Medion">Medion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middleby_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Middleby Corporation">Middleby</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AGA_cooker" title="AGA cooker">AGA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Cornue" title="La Cornue">La Cornue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGA_Rangemaster_Group" title="AGA Rangemaster Group">Rangemaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayburn_range" class="mw-redirect" title="Rayburn range">Rayburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_Range" title="Viking Range">Viking</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midea_Group" title="Midea Group">Midea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eureka_(company)" title="Eureka (company)">Eureka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miele" title="Miele">Miele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Electric" title="Mitsubishi Electric">Mitsubishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moffat_(company)" title="Moffat (company)">Moffat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morphy_Richards" title="Morphy Richards">Morphy Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newell_Brands" title="Newell Brands">Newell</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crock-Pot" class="mw-redirect" title="Crock-Pot">Crock-Pot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holmes_Products" title="Holmes Products">Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mr_Coffee" class="mw-redirect" title="Mr Coffee">Mr Coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osterizer" title="Osterizer">Oster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunbeam_Products" title="Sunbeam Products">Sunbeam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OXO_(kitchen_utensils_brand)" title="OXO (kitchen utensils brand)">OXO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic" title="Panasonic">Panasonic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KDK" title="KDK">KDK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanyo" title="Sanyo">Sanyo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pars_Khazar" title="Pars Khazar">Pars Khazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peerless-Premier_Appliance_Company" title="Peerless-Premier Appliance Company">Peerless-Premier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Pensonic">Pensonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philips" title="Philips">Philips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramis" title="Pyramis">Pyramis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saeco" title="Saeco">Saeco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsung_Electronics" title="Samsung Electronics">Samsung</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dacor_(kitchen_appliances)" title="Dacor (kitchen appliances)">Dacor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groupe_SEB" 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navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/508145857981923021601">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4072134-6">Germany</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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