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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ensaluti</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Paĝoj por elsalutitaj redaktistoj <a href="/wiki/Helpo:Enkonduko" aria-label="Lernu pli pri redaktado"><span>Lernu pli</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Miaj_kontribuoj" title="Listo de redaktoj faritaj el ĉi tiu IPa adreso [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribuoj</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Mia_diskutpa%C4%9Do" title="Diskuto pri redaktoj sub tiu ĉi IP adreso [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuto</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div 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vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">movigi al flanka panelo</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">kaŝi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Komenco</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sintezo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sintezo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sintezo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sintezo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literaturo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literaturo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Literaturo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literaturo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kunrilataj_kemiaĵoj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kunrilataj_kemiaĵoj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kunrilataj kemiaĵoj</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kunrilataj_kemiaĵoj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vidu_ankaŭ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vidu_ankaŭ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Vidu ankaŭ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vidu_ankaŭ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referencoj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referencoj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referencoj</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referencoj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Enhavo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Enhavtabelo" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ŝaltu la enhavtabelon" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ŝaltu la enhavtabelon</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kumarino</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Iru al artikolo en alia lingvo. Havebla en 47 lingvo" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">47 lingvoj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86" title="كومارين — araba" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كومارين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumarin" title="Kumarin — azerbajĝana" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kumarin" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajĝana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="کومارین — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کومارین" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Кумарын — belorusa" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кумарын" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belorusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Кумарин — bulgara" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кумарин" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumarina" title="Cumarina — kataluna" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cumarina" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataluna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumarin" title="Kumarin — ĉeĥa" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kumarin" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ĉeĥa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumarin" title="Kumarin — dana" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kumarin" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumarin" title="Cumarin — germana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Cumarin" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7" title="Κουμαρίνη — greka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κουμαρίνη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coumarin" title="Coumarin — angla" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Coumarin" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumarina" title="Cumarina — hispana" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cumarina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumariin" title="Kumariin — estona" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kumariin" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumarina" title="Kumarina — eŭska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kumarina" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="eŭska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="کومارین — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کومارین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumariini" title="Kumariini — finna" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kumariini" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coumarine" title="Coumarine — franca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Coumarine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumarin" title="Cumarin — nord-frisa" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Cumarin" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nord-frisa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9F" title="קומרין — hebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קומרין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" title="कूमरिन — hinda" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कूमरिन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hinda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumarin" title="Kumarin — hungara" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kumarin" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B6" title="Կումարին — armena" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կումարին" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armena" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumarin" title="Kumarin — indonezia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kumarin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumarina" title="Cumarina — itala" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cumarina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3" title="クマリン — japana" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クマリン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumarin" title="Kumarin — java" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kumarin" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="java" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BF%A0%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%B0" title="쿠마린 — korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="쿠마린" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Кумарин — kirgiza" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кумарин" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Кумарин — makedona" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Кумарин" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%88%E0%B5%BB" title="കൂമറൈൻ — malajalama" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കൂമറൈൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumarin" title="Cumarin — platgermana" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Cumarin" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="platgermana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumarine" title="Cumarine — nederlanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cumarine" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumarin" title="Kumarin — dannorvega" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kumarin" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="dannorvega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumaryna" title="Kumaryna — pola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kumaryna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="pola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumarina" title="Cumarina — portugala" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cumarina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumarin%C4%83" title="Cumarină — rumana" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cumarină" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Кумарин — rusa" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кумарин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumarin" title="Kumarin — serbo-Kroata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kumarin" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-Kroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumarin" title="Kumarin — slovena" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kumarin" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovena" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumarin" title="Kumarin — serba" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Kumarin" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumarin" title="Kumarin — sveda" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kumarin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sveda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="คูมาริน — taja" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คูมาริน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumarin" title="Kumarin — turka" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kumarin" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Кумарин — ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кумарин" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumarin" title="Kumarin — uzbeka" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kumarin" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coumarin" title="Coumarin — vjetnama" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Coumarin" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E8%B1%86%E7%B4%A0" title="香豆素 — ĉina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="香豆素" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ĉina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q111812#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redakti interlingvajn ligilojn" class="wbc-editpage">Redakti ligilojn</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nomspacoj"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kumarino" title="Vidi la artikolon [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikolo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskuto:Kumarino&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" 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href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Citi&page=Kumarino&id=8783315&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informoj pri kiel citi ĉi tiun paĝon"><span>Citi ĉi tiun artikolon</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Feo.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKumarino"><span>Akiri mallongigitan URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Feo.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKumarino"><span>Elŝutu QR-kodon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Presi/elporti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Kumarino"><span>Krei libron</span></a></li><li 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datuma ero [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Ero en Vikidatumoj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paĝaj iloj"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspekto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspekto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">movigi al flanka panelo</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">kaŝi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">El Vikipedio, la libera enciklopedio</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eo" dir="ltr"><table class="wikitable floatright" width="15%"> <tbody><tr style="background: green; color: white"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><big><big>Kumarino</big></big> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Coumarin_acsv.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Coumarin_acsv.svg/200px-Coumarin_acsv.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Coumarin_acsv.svg/300px-Coumarin_acsv.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Coumarin_acsv.svg/400px-Coumarin_acsv.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="433" /></a></span></center> </td></tr> <tr style="background: green; color: white"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><b>Plata kemia strukturo de la <br />Kumarino</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Coumarin_3D_ball.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Coumarin_3D_ball.png/200px-Coumarin_3D_ball.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Coumarin_3D_ball.png/300px-Coumarin_3D_ball.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Coumarin_3D_ball.png/400px-Coumarin_3D_ball.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1519" /></a></span></center> </td></tr> <tr style="background: green; color: white"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><b>Tridimensia kemia strukturo de la <br />Kumarino</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Waldmeister.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Waldmeister.jpg/200px-Waldmeister.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Waldmeister.jpg/300px-Waldmeister.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Waldmeister.jpg/400px-Waldmeister.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></center> </td></tr> <tr style="background: yellow; color: black"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><small><b>Kumarino trovatas en la <a href="/wiki/Asperulo" title="Asperulo">asperulo</a></b></small> </td></tr> <tr style="background: green; color: white"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><big>Alternativa(j) nomo(j)</big> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"> <ul><li>1,2-Benzo-pirono</li> <li>Kromenono</li> <li>Benzopiranono</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kemia_formulo" title="Kemia formulo">Kemia formulo</a></td> <td><big><center><big><b>C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>2</sub></b><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub></big></center></big> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/CAS-numero" title="CAS-numero">CAS-numero-kodo</a></td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=91-64-5">91-64-5</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider kodo</a></td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.13848793.html">13848793</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem-kodo</a></td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/323">323</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background: green; color: white"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><b>Fizikaj proprecoj</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aspekto" title="Aspekto">Aspekto</a></td> <td>senkoloraj aŭ blankaj kristaloj kun agrablaj odoroj </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Molmaso" title="Molmaso">Molmaso</a></td> <td>146.145 g·mol<sup>−1</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Denseco" class="mw-redirect" title="Denseco">Denseco</a></td> <td>0.935g cm<sup>−3</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fandpunkto" class="mw-redirect" title="Fandpunkto">Fandpunkto</a></td> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap;">68 <a href="/wiki/Grado_de_Celsio" title="Grado de Celsio">°C</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bolpunkto" title="Bolpunkto">Bolpunkto</a></td> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap;">301 <a href="/wiki/Grado_de_Celsio" title="Grado de Celsio">°C</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ekflama_temperaturo" title="Ekflama temperaturo">Ekflama temperaturo</a></td> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap;">150 <a href="/wiki/Grado_de_Celsio" title="Grado de Celsio">°C</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Konstanto_pri_dissociigo_de_acidoj" title="Konstanto pri dissociigo de acidoj">Acideco (pKa)</a></td> <td>-6.9<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Solvebleco" title="Solvebleco">Solvebleco</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Akvo" title="Akvo">Akvo</a>:1.7 g/L </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mortiga_dozo_(LD50)" title="Mortiga dozo (LD50)">Mortiga dozo (LD50)</a></td> <td>293 mg/kg (buŝe) </td></tr> <tr style="background: yellow; color: black"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Deklaroj_pri_Risko_kaj_Sekureco" title="Deklaroj pri Risko kaj Sekureco"><b>Sekurecaj Indikoj</b></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Listo_da_R-Deklaroj" title="Listo da R-Deklaroj">Riskoj</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Listo_da_R-Deklaroj#R22" title="Listo da R-Deklaroj">R22</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Listo_da_S-Deklaroj" title="Listo da S-Deklaroj">Sekureco</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Listo_da_S-Deklaroj#R36" title="Listo da S-Deklaroj">S36</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background: yellow; color: black"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cablono:Dan%C4%9Derosimboloj" title="Ŝablono:Danĝerosimboloj"><b>Pridanĝeraj indikoj</b></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cablono:Dan%C4%9Derosimboloj" title="Ŝablono:Danĝerosimboloj"><b>Danĝero</b></a> <table style="text-align:center; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; background-color:transparent;" class="nogrid"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;"><div style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto; text-align:center; vertical-align:top; width:72px; line-height:1.2em; background-color:transparent; font-weight:bold; padding-bottom:3px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Hazard_X.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Noca"><img alt="Noca" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Hazard_X.svg/70px-Hazard_X.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Hazard_X.svg/105px-Hazard_X.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Hazard_X.svg/140px-Hazard_X.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span><br />Xn<br /><span style="line-height:1em; font-size:80%;"><a href="/wiki/Noca" title="Noca">Noca por la sano</a></span></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr style="background: yellow; color: black"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/GHS_pri_klasado_kaj_etikedado_de_kemia%C4%B5oj" title="GHS pri klasado kaj etikedado de kemiaĵoj"><b>GHS etikedigo de kemiaĵoj</b></a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/GHS_Dama%C4%9Do-piktogramoj" title="GHS Damaĝo-piktogramoj">GHS Damaĝo-piktogramo</a></td> <td><center> <table style="text-align:center; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; background-color:transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/GHS_Dama%C4%9Do-piktogramoj#GHS06" title="06 – Venena substanco"><img alt="06 – Venena substanco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/GHS-pictogram-skull.svg/80px-GHS-pictogram-skull.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/GHS-pictogram-skull.svg/120px-GHS-pictogram-skull.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/GHS-pictogram-skull.svg/160px-GHS-pictogram-skull.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="724" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/GHS_Dama%C4%9Do-piktogramoj#GHS07" title="07 – Toksa substanco"><img alt="07 – Toksa substanco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg/80px-GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg/120px-GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg/160px-GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table></center> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/GHS_pri_klasado_kaj_etikedado_de_kemia%C4%B5oj" title="GHS pri klasado kaj etikedado de kemiaĵoj">GHS Signalvorto</a></td> <td>Damaĝo </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/GHS_Deklaroj_pri_dama%C4%9Doj" title="GHS Deklaroj pri damaĝoj">GHS Deklaroj pri damaĝoj</a></td> <td><abbr class="abbr" title="Toksa kiam englutita">H301</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="Damaĝa kiam englutita">H302</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="Povas kaŭzi alergian haŭto-reagon">H317</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="Povas kaŭzi damaĝon al la organoj tra longedaŭraj aŭ ripetitaj ekspozicioj">H373</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="Damaĝa al akva vivo kun longedaŭraj efikoj">H412</abbr> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/GHS_Deklaroj_pri_anta%C5%ADgardoj" title="GHS Deklaroj pri antaŭgardoj">GHS Deklaroj pri antaŭgardoj</a></td> <td><abbr class="abbr" title="Ne spiru polvuron/fumon/gason/nebulon/vaporojn/aerosolon.">P260</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="Evitu spiri polvuron/fumon/gason/nebulon/vaporojn/aerosolon.">P261</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="Lavu komplete vizaĝon, manojn kaj ĉiun ekspoziciatan haŭton post manipulado">P264</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="Ne manĝu, trinku aŭ fumu dum uzado de ĉi-produkto.">P270</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="Poluitaj laborvestoj ne devas resti for de la laborloko.">P272</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="Uzu protektajn gantojn/protektan vestaĵon/okulprotektilon/vizaĝo-protektilon.">P280</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="En kazo de englutado: Tuj iru al Centro pri veneno-kontrolo/doktoro/…">P301+310</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="En kazo de englutado: Telefonu al Centro pri veneno-kontrolo/doktoro/…/se vi estas malbonfarta.">P301+312</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="En kazo de haŭtokontakto: Abunde lavu kun multe da akvo/…">P302+352</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="Havigu al vi medicinan konsilon/atenton se vi sentas vin malbonfarta.">P314</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="Specific treatment (vidu … sur ĉi-etikedo).">P321</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="Tralavi buŝon.">P330</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="En kazo de haŭta irito aŭ erupcio: Ricevu medicinan diagnozon/atenton.">P333+313</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="Lavu poluitan vestaĵon antaŭ ol uzi.">P363</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="Enmagazenigu en fermita ejo.">P405</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="Forigo de enhavo/ujo al ... laŭ lokaj, ŝtataj kaj federalaj regularoj">P501</abbr> </td></tr> <tr style="background: yellow; color: black"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center with=50%;"><center><small>Escepte kiam indikitaj, datumoj estas prezentataj laŭ iliaj normaj kondiĉoj pri temperaturo kaj premo<br />(<span style="white-space: nowrap;">25 <a href="/wiki/Grado_de_Celsio" title="Grado de Celsio">°C</a></span> kaj 100 kPa)</small></center> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kumarino</b> estas agrablodora organika kemiaĵo derivita el la <a href="/wiki/Kromono" title="Kromono">benzopirono</a> kiu estas senkolora kristala substanco laŭ ĝia pura stato. Ĝi nature ĉeestas en multaj plantoj. La nomo devenas el la <a href="/wiki/Tonka_fabo" title="Tonka fabo">Dipteryx odorata</a>, konata kiel <b>coumarou</b>, unu el la unuaj fontoj el kiu kumarino estis unue izolita en 1820. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Asperulo" title="Asperulo">Galium odoratum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soro" title="Soro">Filipendula ulmaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hierochloe_odorata" title="Hierochloe odorata">Hierochloe odorata</a> kaj <a href="/wiki/Blua_trigonelo" title="Blua trigonelo">Melilotus</a> aparte estas respondecaj pro ilia dolĉa kaj agrabla parfumo, kiu siavice rilatiĝas al ilia alta enhavo da kumarino. Kiam okazanta en altaj koncentriĝoj en <a href="/wiki/Fura%C4%9Do" title="Furaĝo">furaĝaj plantoj</a>, kumarino estas iom amargusta apetito-subpremaĵo, kaj oni kredas ke ĝi estas produktita de la plantoj kiel kemia defendo por malinstigi <a href="/wiki/Predado" title="Predado">predadon</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historio">Historio</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumarino&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redakti sekcion: Historio" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumarino&action=edit&section=1" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Historio"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kumarino estis <a href="/wiki/Unua_priskribo" title="Unua priskribo">unue priskribita</a> en 1820 de la germana kemiisto A. Vogel, kiu kredis ke la substanco estis la <a href="/wiki/Benzoata_acido" title="Benzoata acido">benzoata acido</a>, ekde tonka farboj kaj tiu estis unu el la unuaj kumarinoj strukture karakterizitaj. Post tio, kumarino ankaŭ estis izolita ekde kelkaj legomoj, <a href="/wiki/Orkidacoj" title="Orkidacoj">orkidoj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poacoj" title="Poacoj">poacoj</a> kaj citrusaj fruktoj. </p><p>En tiu sama jaro, la franca kemiisto Nicholas Jean Baptiste Gaston Guibourt (1790–1867) sendepende izolis la kumarinon kaj en sekva eksperimento li prezentis al la farmacia departemento de la Reĝa Akademio pri Medicino, en Francio, Guibourt nomis kumarinon la nova substanco. </p><p>En 1835, la franca apotekisto elmontris ke Vogel kaj Guibourt estis izolinta la saman substancon. Tamen, nur en 1868, la angla kemiisto William Henry Perkin (1838-1907) unue industrie sintezis kaj komercis la kumarinon. </p><p>En 1846, la germana kemiisto Hermann Bleibtreu (1821-1881) identigis la korektan komponadojn kaj ĝian narkotan efikon. Ekde 1954, kumarino estas malpermesata substanco en <a href="/wiki/Usono" title="Usono">Usono</a> kiel gustigilo pro la eksperimentoj kiuj elmontris ĝiajn toksajn proprecojn. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sintezo">Sintezo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumarino&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redakti sekcion: Sintezo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumarino&action=edit&section=2" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Sintezo"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Kumarino estas preparata per agado de la <a href="/wiki/Salikata_acido" title="Salikata acido">salikata acido</a> sur <a href="/wiki/Acetata_anhidrido" title="Acetata anhidrido">acetata anhidrido</a> laŭ la Metodo de Perkin:</li></ul> <center> <table cellspacing="10" cellpadding="10" border="5"> <tbody><tr> <td><center><big><b>Sintezo de la Kumarino</b></big></center> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Cumarinsynthese.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Cumarinsynthese.svg/500px-Cumarinsynthese.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Cumarinsynthese.svg/750px-Cumarinsynthese.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Cumarinsynthese.svg/1000px-Cumarinsynthese.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1074" data-file-height="147" /></a><figcaption><center>Sintezo de <b>Kumarino</b> ekde la <b><a href="/wiki/Salikata_acido" title="Salikata acido">salikata acido</a></b>.</center></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </center> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literaturo">Literaturo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumarino&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redakti sekcion: Literaturo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumarino&action=edit&section=3" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Literaturo"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.br/books?id=dQCbTI5aS3UC&pg=PA116&dq=Coumarin&hl=pt-BR&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjxp8aWnvjUAhVFJpoKHXaBDh0Q6AEIOTAD#v=onepage&q=Coumarin&f=false">Coumarin Anticoagulant Research Progress</a>, Joseph P. Edardes</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.br/books?id=3lyOgl70HhsC&pg=SL252-PA4&dq=Coumarin&hl=pt-BR&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjxp8aWnvjUAhVFJpoKHXaBDh0Q6AEIPzAE#v=onepage&q=Coumarin&f=false">Coumarin from the People's Republic of China: An International Trade ...</a>, DIANE Publishing Company</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.br/books?id=v0R0CAAAQBAJ&pg=PA2&dq=Coumarin&hl=pt-BR&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjxp8aWnvjUAhVFJpoKHXaBDh0Q6AEIWDAI#v=onepage&q=Coumarin&f=false">Advances in Structure and Activity Relationship of Coumarin Derivatives</a>, Santhosh Penta</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.br/books?id=QBOCpBzU6HoC&pg=PA2&dq=Coumarin&hl=pt-BR&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwivmpuJn_jUAhUMOJoKHWEZDCc4ChDoAQhJMAY#v=onepage&q=Coumarin&f=false">Fortschritte der Chemie organischer Naturstoffe / Progress in the Chemistry ...</a>, L. Zechmeister</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.br/books?id=n7QvLfCq_ZMC&pg=PA360&dq=Coumarin&hl=pt-BR&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiWqMCyn_jUAhXIdpoKHQoXC9Q4FBDoAQgiMAA#v=onepage&q=Coumarin&f=false">Bioactive Natural Products (Part D), Volume 23</a>, Atta-ur-Rahman</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.br/books?id=Tz1V8BS5f-YC&pg=PA1663&dq=Coumarin&hl=pt-BR&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiWqMCyn_jUAhXIdpoKHQoXC9Q4FBDoAQg3MAM#v=onepage&q=Coumarin&f=false">Hemostasis and Thrombosis: Basic Principles and Clinical Practice</a>, Robert W. Colman</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kunrilataj_kemiaĵoj"><span id="Kunrilataj_kemia.C4.B5oj"></span>Kunrilataj kemiaĵoj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumarino&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redakti sekcion: Kunrilataj kemiaĵoj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumarino&action=edit&section=4" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Kunrilataj kemiaĵoj"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="5" align="center"> <tbody><tr style="background: green; color: white"> <td colspan="9" style="text-align: center;"><big><big><b>Derivaĵoj de la benzopirano</b></big></big> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:4H-Chromen.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/4H-Chromen.svg/80px-4H-Chromen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/4H-Chromen.svg/120px-4H-Chromen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/4H-Chromen.svg/160px-4H-Chromen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="149" data-file-height="100" /></a></span></center></td> <td><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Chromone.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Chromone.svg/80px-Chromone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Chromone.svg/120px-Chromone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Chromone.svg/160px-Chromone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="71" data-file-height="74" /></a></span></center></td> <td><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Coumarin_acsv.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Coumarin_acsv.svg/80px-Coumarin_acsv.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Coumarin_acsv.svg/120px-Coumarin_acsv.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Coumarin_acsv.svg/160px-Coumarin_acsv.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="433" /></a></span></center></td> <td><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:4-Hydroxycoumarin.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/4-Hydroxycoumarin.PNG/80px-4-Hydroxycoumarin.PNG" decoding="async" width="80" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/4-Hydroxycoumarin.PNG/120px-4-Hydroxycoumarin.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/4-Hydroxycoumarin.PNG/160px-4-Hydroxycoumarin.PNG 2x" data-file-width="3099" data-file-height="2348" /></a></span></center></td> <td><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:6-Methylcoumarin.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/6-Methylcoumarin.svg/80px-6-Methylcoumarin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/6-Methylcoumarin.svg/120px-6-Methylcoumarin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/6-Methylcoumarin.svg/160px-6-Methylcoumarin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="223" /></a></span></center></td> <td><center><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Coumaric_acid_acsv.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Coumaric_acid_acsv.svg/80px-Coumaric_acid_acsv.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Coumaric_acid_acsv.svg/120px-Coumaric_acid_acsv.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Coumaric_acid_acsv.svg/160px-Coumaric_acid_acsv.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1177" data-file-height="605" /></a></span></center> </td></tr> <tr style="background: yellow; color: black"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><center><b>Benzopirano</b></center></td> <td><center><b>Benzopirono</b></center></td> <td><center><b>Kumarino</b></center></td> <td><center><b>Hidrokso-kumarino</b></center></td> <td><center><b>Metil-kumarino</b></center></td> <td><center><b><a href="/wiki/P-Kumarata_acido" title="P-Kumarata acido">Kumarataj acidoj</a></b> </center></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vidu_ankaŭ"><span id="Vidu_anka.C5.AD"></span>Vidu ankaŭ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumarino&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redakti sekcion: Vidu ankaŭ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumarino&action=edit&section=5" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Vidu ankaŭ"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/P-Kumarata_acido" title="P-Kumarata acido">p-Kumarata acido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-Kumarata_acido" title="M-Kumarata acido">m-Kumarata acido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O-Kumarata_acido" title="O-Kumarata acido">o-Kumarata acido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinamata_acido" title="Cinamata acido">Cinamata acido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferulata_acido" title="Ferulata acido">Ferulata acido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinamila_alkoholo" title="Cinamila alkoholo">Cinamila alkoholo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinamo" title="Cinamo">Cinamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asperulo" title="Asperulo">Asperulo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthoxanthum_odoratum" title="Anthoxanthum odoratum">Anthoxanthum odoratum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolph_Fittig" title="Rudolph Fittig">Rudolph Fittig</a> (1835-1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Meerwein" title="Hans Meerwein">Hans Meerwein</a> (1879-1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonio" title="Nonio">Nonio</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencoj">Referencoj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumarino&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redakti sekcion: Referencoj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumarino&action=edit&section=6" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Referencoj"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist references-small" style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3; -webkit-column-count:3; padding-right: 6px;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB04665">Durgbank</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.carlroth.com/downloads/sdb/en/7/SDB_7942_IE_EN.pdf">Carl Roth</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/323#section=GHS-Classification">PubChem</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="noprint" id="aliaj_projektoj" style="float: right; clear: right; width: 250px; border: 1px solid #aaa; padding: 4px; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9;"> <ul class="noarchive"><li class="commons"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Coumarin?uselang=eo">Kategorio Kumarino en la <span>Vikimedia Komunejo</span></a> (Multrimedaj datumoj)</span> </li></ul> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div><table class="noprint plainlinks" style="margin: 0 10%; border-collapse: collapse; background: #FBFBFB; border: 1px solid #aaa; border-left: 10px solid #228b22;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding: 2px 0px 2px 0.5em;text-align: center;"> <div style="padding: 0.25em 0.5em;width:52px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Ĝermo pri kemio"><img alt="Ĝermo pri kemio" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/FireIcon.svg/40px-FireIcon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/FireIcon.svg/60px-FireIcon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/FireIcon.svg/80px-FireIcon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="313" data-file-height="427" /></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.25em 0.5em;width: 100%;"><b>Ĉi tiu artikolo ankoraŭ estas <a href="/wiki/Vikipedio:%C4%9Cermo" title="Vikipedio:Ĝermo">ĝermo</a> pri <a href="/wiki/Kemio" title="Kemio">kemio</a>.</b><hr /> <div style="font-size:90%;">Helpu al Vikipedio <i><a class="external text" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kumarino&action=edit">plilongigi ĝin</a></i>. Se jam ekzistas alilingva samtema artikolo pli disvolvita, traduku kaj aldonu el ĝi (<a href="/wiki/Vikipedio:Tradukoj" title="Vikipedio:Tradukoj">menciante la fonton</a>).</div></td> </tr> </tbody></table></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Elŝutita el "<a dir="ltr" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kumarino&oldid=8783315">https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kumarino&oldid=8783315</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Kategorioj" title="Specialaĵo:Kategorioj">Kategorioj</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Nocaj_substancoj" title="Kategorio:Nocaj substancoj">Nocaj substancoj</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Toksaj_substancoj" title="Kategorio:Toksaj substancoj">Toksaj substancoj</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Dama%C4%9Daj_substancoj" title="Kategorio:Damaĝaj substancoj">Damaĝaj substancoj</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Kumarinoj" title="Kategorio:Kumarinoj">Kumarinoj</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategorio:Organikaj_ketonoj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategorio:Organikaj ketonoj (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Organikaj ketonoj</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Fluoreskaj_kolorigiloj" title="Kategorio:Fluoreskaj kolorigiloj">Fluoreskaj kolorigiloj</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Fuelaj_kolorigiloj" title="Kategorio:Fuelaj kolorigiloj">Fuelaj kolorigiloj</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Laseraj_materialoj" title="Kategorio:Laseraj materialoj">Laseraj materialoj</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Dol%C4%89odoraj_kemia%C4%B5oj" title="Kategorio:Dolĉodoraj kemiaĵoj">Dolĉodoraj kemiaĵoj</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Plantaj_toksinoj" title="Kategorio:Plantaj toksinoj">Plantaj toksinoj</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kaŝitaj kategorioj: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Artikoloj_kun_tabela_informkesto_-_Informkesto_kemia_substanco" title="Kategorio:Artikoloj kun tabela informkesto - Informkesto kemia substanco">Artikoloj kun tabela informkesto - Informkesto kemia substanco</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:%C4%9Cermoj_pri_kemio" title="Kategorio:Ĝermoj pri kemio">Ĝermoj pri kemio</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ĉi tiu paĝo estis lastafoje redaktita je 13:04, 21 jun. 2024.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">La teksto disponeblas laŭ la permesilo <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.eo">Krea Komunaĵo Atribuite-Samkondiĉe 4.0 Neadaptita</a>; eble aldonaj kondiĉoj aplikeblas. 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