CINXE.COM

primary sources Archives | Gale Blog: Library & Educator News | K12, Academic & Public

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US" xmlns:fb="https://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" xmlns:addthis="https://www.addthis.com/help/api-spec" > <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <!-- Google Tag Manager for WordPress by gtm4wp.com --> <script data-cfasync="false" data-pagespeed-no-defer> var gtm4wp_datalayer_name = "dataLayer"; var dataLayer = dataLayer || []; </script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager for WordPress by gtm4wp.com --><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.0 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <title>primary sources Archives | Gale Blog: Library &amp; Educator News | K12, Academic &amp; Public</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/" /> <link rel="next" href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/page/2/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="primary sources Archives | Gale Blog: Library &amp; Educator News | K12, Academic &amp; Public" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Gale Blog: Library &amp; Educator News | K12, Academic &amp; Public" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"CollectionPage","@id":"https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/","url":"https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/","name":"primary sources Archives | Gale Blog: Library &amp; Educator News | K12, Academic &amp; Public","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://blog.gale.com/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Blog-post-2-Picture-1.jpg","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/#primaryimage","url":"https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Blog-post-2-Picture-1.jpg","contentUrl":"https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Blog-post-2-Picture-1.jpg","width":672,"height":365},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://blog.gale.com/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"primary sources"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://blog.gale.com/#website","url":"https://blog.gale.com/","name":"Gale Blog: Library &amp; Educator News | K12, Academic &amp; Public","description":"The Gale Blog features product updates, library and educator news, advancements in academic research, public library insights &amp; more. Click to read.","publisher":{"@id":"https://blog.gale.com/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://blog.gale.com/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://blog.gale.com/#organization","name":"Gale Blog: Library &amp; Educator News | K12, Academic &amp; Public","url":"https://blog.gale.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://blog.gale.com/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Gale_Logo_rgb_white_small-1.png","contentUrl":"https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Gale_Logo_rgb_white_small-1.png","width":250,"height":73,"caption":"Gale Blog: Library &amp; Educator News | K12, Academic &amp; Public"},"image":{"@id":"https://blog.gale.com/#/schema/logo/image/"}}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO plugin. --> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//secure.gravatar.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//s7.addthis.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn.openshareweb.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn.shareaholic.net' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.shareaholic.net' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//analytics.shareaholic.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//recs.shareaholic.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//partner.shareaholic.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//v0.wordpress.com' /> <link href='https://fonts.gstatic.com' crossorigin rel='preconnect' /> <link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com' crossorigin rel='preconnect' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Gale Blog: Library &amp; Educator News | K12, Academic &amp; Public &raquo; Feed" href="https://blog.gale.com/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Gale Blog: Library &amp; Educator News | K12, Academic &amp; Public &raquo; Comments Feed" href="https://blog.gale.com/comments/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Gale Blog: Library &amp; Educator News | K12, Academic &amp; Public &raquo; primary sources Tag Feed" href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/feed/" /> <!-- Shareaholic - https://www.shareaholic.com --> <link rel='preload' href='//cdn.shareaholic.net/assets/pub/shareaholic.js' as='script'/> <script data-no-minify='1' data-cfasync='false'> _SHR_SETTINGS = {"endpoints":{"local_recs_url":"https:\/\/blog.gale.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=shareaholic_permalink_related","ajax_url":"https:\/\/blog.gale.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","share_counts_url":"https:\/\/blog.gale.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=shareaholic_share_counts_api"},"site_id":"7774ab0fc85e19cc3519ab8a6d71cd3d"}; </script> <script data-no-minify='1' data-cfasync='false' src='//cdn.shareaholic.net/assets/pub/shareaholic.js' data-shr-siteid='7774ab0fc85e19cc3519ab8a6d71cd3d' async ></script> <!-- Shareaholic Content Tags --> <meta name='shareaholic:site_name' content='Gale Blog: Library &amp; Educator News | K12, Academic &amp; Public' /> <meta name='shareaholic:language' content='en-US' /> <meta name='shareaholic:article_visibility' content='private' /> <meta name='shareaholic:site_id' content='7774ab0fc85e19cc3519ab8a6d71cd3d' /> <meta name='shareaholic:wp_version' content='9.7.12' /> <!-- Shareaholic Content Tags End --> <!-- This site uses the Google Analytics by ExactMetrics plugin v7.10.0 - Using Analytics tracking - https://www.exactmetrics.com/ --> <script src="//www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-6554141-41" data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" async></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false"> var em_version = '7.10.0'; var em_track_user = true; var em_no_track_reason = ''; var disableStrs = [ 'ga-disable-UA-6554141-41', ]; /* Function to detect opted out users */ function __gtagTrackerIsOptedOut() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { if (document.cookie.indexOf(disableStrs[index] + '=true') > -1) { return true; } } return false; } /* Disable tracking if the opt-out cookie exists. */ if (__gtagTrackerIsOptedOut()) { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } /* Opt-out function */ function __gtagTrackerOptout() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { document.cookie = disableStrs[index] + '=true; expires=Thu, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 UTC; path=/'; window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } if ('undefined' === typeof gaOptout) { function gaOptout() { __gtagTrackerOptout(); } } window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.ExactMetricsDualTracker = { helpers: {}, trackers: {}, }; if (em_track_user) { function __gtagDataLayer() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } function __gtagTracker(type, name, parameters) { if (!parameters) { parameters = {}; } if (parameters.send_to) { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); return; } if (type === 'event') { parameters.send_to = exactmetrics_frontend.ua; __gtagDataLayer(type, name, parameters); } else { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); } } __gtagTracker('js', new Date()); __gtagTracker('set', { 'developer_id.dNDMyYj': true, }); __gtagTracker('config', 'UA-6554141-41', {"forceSSL":"true","link_attribution":"true"} ); window.gtag = __gtagTracker; (function () { /* https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/ */ /* ga and __gaTracker compatibility shim. */ var noopfn = function () { return null; }; var newtracker = function () { return new Tracker(); }; var Tracker = function () { return null; }; var p = Tracker.prototype; p.get = noopfn; p.set = noopfn; p.send = function () { var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); args.unshift('send'); __gaTracker.apply(null, args); }; var __gaTracker = function () { var len = arguments.length; if (len === 0) { return; } var f = arguments[len - 1]; if (typeof f !== 'object' || f === null || typeof f.hitCallback !== 'function') { if ('send' === arguments[0]) { var hitConverted, hitObject = false, action; if ('event' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[3]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': arguments[3], 'eventCategory': arguments[2], 'eventLabel': arguments[4], 'value': arguments[5] ? arguments[5] : 1, } } } if ('pageview' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[2]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': 'page_view', 'page_path': arguments[2], } } } if (typeof arguments[2] === 'object') { hitObject = arguments[2]; } if (typeof arguments[5] === 'object') { Object.assign(hitObject, arguments[5]); } if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[1].hitType) { hitObject = arguments[1]; if ('pageview' === hitObject.hitType) { hitObject.eventAction = 'page_view'; } } if (hitObject) { action = 'timing' === arguments[1].hitType ? 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction; hitConverted = mapArgs(hitObject); __gtagTracker('event', action, hitConverted); } } return; } function mapArgs(args) { var arg, hit = {}; var gaMap = { 'eventCategory': 'event_category', 'eventAction': 'event_action', 'eventLabel': 'event_label', 'eventValue': 'event_value', 'nonInteraction': 'non_interaction', 'timingCategory': 'event_category', 'timingVar': 'name', 'timingValue': 'value', 'timingLabel': 'event_label', 'page': 'page_path', 'location': 'page_location', 'title': 'page_title', }; for (arg in args) { if (!(!args.hasOwnProperty(arg) || !gaMap.hasOwnProperty(arg))) { hit[gaMap[arg]] = args[arg]; } else { hit[arg] = args[arg]; } } return hit; } try { f.hitCallback(); } catch (ex) { } }; __gaTracker.create = newtracker; __gaTracker.getByName = newtracker; __gaTracker.getAll = function () { return []; }; __gaTracker.remove = noopfn; __gaTracker.loaded = true; window['__gaTracker'] = __gaTracker; })(); } else { console.log(""); (function () { function __gtagTracker() { return null; } window['__gtagTracker'] = __gtagTracker; window['gtag'] = __gtagTracker; })(); } </script> <!-- / Google Analytics by ExactMetrics --> <script> window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/blog.gale.com\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.6.1"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-fonts-css' href='//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,regular,italic,600,600italic,700,700italic,800,800italic' media='all' /> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://blog.gale.com/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.6.1' media='all' /> <style id='wp-block-library-inline-css'> .has-text-align-justify{text-align:justify;} </style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--contrast: var(--contrast);--wp--preset--color--contrast-2: var(--contrast-2);--wp--preset--color--contrast-3: var(--contrast-3);--wp--preset--color--base: var(--base);--wp--preset--color--base-2: var(--base-2);--wp--preset--color--base-3: var(--base-3);--wp--preset--color--accent: var(--accent);--wp--preset--color--empower-blue: var(--empower-blue);--wp--preset--color--empower-orange: var(--empower-orange);--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wtr-css-css' href='https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/plugins/worth-the-read/css/wtr.css?ver=6.6.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-style-grid-css' href='https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/css/unsemantic-grid.min.css?ver=3.4.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-style-css' href='https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/css/style.min.css?ver=3.4.0' media='all' /> <style id='generate-style-inline-css'> body{background-color:#efefef;color:#0f0f0f;}a{color:#1e73be;}a:visited{color:#0089cf;}a:hover, a:focus, a:active{color:#000000;}body .grid-container{max-width:1200px;}.wp-block-group__inner-container{max-width:1200px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.generate-back-to-top{font-size:20px;border-radius:3px;position:fixed;bottom:30px;right:30px;line-height:40px;width:40px;text-align:center;z-index:10;transition:opacity 300ms ease-in-out;opacity:0.1;transform:translateY(1000px);}.generate-back-to-top__show{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0);}:root{--contrast:#222222;--contrast-2:#575760;--contrast-3:#b2b2be;--base:#f0f0f0;--base-2:#f7f8f9;--base-3:#ffffff;--accent:#1e73be;--empower-blue:#003865;--empower-orange:#dc4405;}:root .has-contrast-color{color:var(--contrast);}:root .has-contrast-background-color{background-color:var(--contrast);}:root .has-contrast-2-color{color:var(--contrast-2);}:root .has-contrast-2-background-color{background-color:var(--contrast-2);}:root .has-contrast-3-color{color:var(--contrast-3);}:root .has-contrast-3-background-color{background-color:var(--contrast-3);}:root .has-base-color{color:var(--base);}:root .has-base-background-color{background-color:var(--base);}:root .has-base-2-color{color:var(--base-2);}:root .has-base-2-background-color{background-color:var(--base-2);}:root .has-base-3-color{color:var(--base-3);}:root .has-base-3-background-color{background-color:var(--base-3);}:root .has-accent-color{color:var(--accent);}:root .has-accent-background-color{background-color:var(--accent);}:root .has-empower-blue-color{color:var(--empower-blue);}:root .has-empower-blue-background-color{background-color:var(--empower-blue);}:root .has-empower-orange-color{color:var(--empower-orange);}:root .has-empower-orange-background-color{background-color:var(--empower-orange);}body, button, input, select, textarea{font-family:"Open Sans", sans-serif;font-weight:300;font-size:16px;}body{line-height:1.5;}.entry-content > [class*="wp-block-"]:not(:last-child):not(.wp-block-heading){margin-bottom:1.5em;}.main-title{font-size:45px;}.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li a{font-size:14px;}.sidebar .widget, .footer-widgets .widget{font-size:17px;}h1{font-weight:300;font-size:40px;}h2{font-weight:300;font-size:30px;}h3{font-size:20px;}h4{font-size:inherit;}h5{font-size:inherit;}@media (max-width:768px){.main-title{font-size:30px;}h1{font-size:30px;}h2{font-size:25px;}}.top-bar{background-color:#636363;color:#ffffff;}.top-bar a{color:#ffffff;}.top-bar a:hover{color:#303030;}.site-header{background-color:#04345d;color:#3a3a3a;}.site-header a{color:#3a3a3a;}.main-title a,.main-title a:hover{color:#222222;}.site-description{color:#757575;}.main-navigation,.main-navigation ul ul{background-color:#365f7f;}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li a, .main-navigation .menu-toggle, .main-navigation .menu-bar-items{color:#ffffff;}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li:not([class*="current-menu-"]):hover > a, .main-navigation .main-nav ul li:not([class*="current-menu-"]):focus > a, .main-navigation .main-nav ul li.sfHover:not([class*="current-menu-"]) > a, .main-navigation .menu-bar-item:hover > a, .main-navigation .menu-bar-item.sfHover > a{color:#ffffff;background-color:#0089cf;}button.menu-toggle:hover,button.menu-toggle:focus,.main-navigation .mobile-bar-items a,.main-navigation .mobile-bar-items a:hover,.main-navigation .mobile-bar-items a:focus{color:#ffffff;}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li[class*="current-menu-"] > a{color:#ffffff;background-color:#0089cf;}.navigation-search input[type="search"],.navigation-search input[type="search"]:active, .navigation-search input[type="search"]:focus, .main-navigation .main-nav ul li.search-item.active > a, .main-navigation .menu-bar-items .search-item.active > a{color:#ffffff;background-color:#0089cf;}.main-navigation ul ul{background-color:#0f0f0f;}.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li a{color:#ffffff;}.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li:not([class*="current-menu-"]):hover > a,.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li:not([class*="current-menu-"]):focus > a, .main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li.sfHover:not([class*="current-menu-"]) > a{color:#ffffff;background-color:#0c0c0c;}.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li[class*="current-menu-"] > a{color:#ffffff;background-color:#4f4f4f;}.separate-containers .inside-article, .separate-containers .comments-area, .separate-containers .page-header, .one-container .container, .separate-containers .paging-navigation, .inside-page-header{background-color:#ffffff;}.entry-meta{color:#595959;}.entry-meta a{color:#595959;}.entry-meta a:hover{color:#1e73be;}.sidebar .widget{background-color:#ffffff;}.sidebar .widget .widget-title{color:#000000;}.footer-widgets{color:#ffffff;background-color:#365f7f;}.footer-widgets a{color:#abe1fa;}.footer-widgets a:hover{color:#abe1fa;}.footer-widgets .widget-title{color:#ffffff;}.site-info{color:#ffffff;background-color:#04345d;}.site-info a{color:#ffffff;}.site-info a:hover{color:#606060;}.footer-bar .widget_nav_menu .current-menu-item a{color:#606060;}input[type="text"],input[type="email"],input[type="url"],input[type="password"],input[type="search"],input[type="tel"],input[type="number"],textarea,select{color:#666666;background-color:#fafafa;border-color:#cccccc;}input[type="text"]:focus,input[type="email"]:focus,input[type="url"]:focus,input[type="password"]:focus,input[type="search"]:focus,input[type="tel"]:focus,input[type="number"]:focus,textarea:focus,select:focus{color:#666666;background-color:#ffffff;border-color:#bfbfbf;}button,html input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"],a.button,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background){color:#ffffff;background-color:#666666;}button:hover,html input[type="button"]:hover,input[type="reset"]:hover,input[type="submit"]:hover,a.button:hover,button:focus,html input[type="button"]:focus,input[type="reset"]:focus,input[type="submit"]:focus,a.button:focus,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):active,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):focus,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):hover{color:#ffffff;background-color:#3f3f3f;}a.generate-back-to-top{background-color:rgba( 0,0,0,0.4 );color:#ffffff;}a.generate-back-to-top:hover,a.generate-back-to-top:focus{background-color:rgba( 0,0,0,0.6 );color:#ffffff;}:root{--gp-search-modal-bg-color:var(--base-3);--gp-search-modal-text-color:var(--contrast);--gp-search-modal-overlay-bg-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.2);}@media (max-width: 768px){.main-navigation .menu-bar-item:hover > a, .main-navigation .menu-bar-item.sfHover > a{background:none;color:#ffffff;}}.inside-top-bar{padding:10px;}.inside-header{padding:30px 20px 30px 20px;}.site-main .wp-block-group__inner-container{padding:40px;}.entry-content .alignwide, body:not(.no-sidebar) .entry-content .alignfull{margin-left:-40px;width:calc(100% + 80px);max-width:calc(100% + 80px);}.rtl .menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{padding-left:20px;}.rtl .main-navigation .main-nav ul li.menu-item-has-children > a{padding-right:20px;}.widget-area .widget{padding:20px;}.site-info{padding:20px;}@media (max-width:768px){.separate-containers .inside-article, .separate-containers .comments-area, .separate-containers .page-header, .separate-containers .paging-navigation, .one-container .site-content, .inside-page-header{padding:30px;}.site-main .wp-block-group__inner-container{padding:30px;}.site-info{padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px;}.entry-content .alignwide, body:not(.no-sidebar) .entry-content .alignfull{margin-left:-30px;width:calc(100% + 60px);max-width:calc(100% + 60px);}}@media (max-width: 768px){.main-navigation .menu-toggle,.main-navigation .mobile-bar-items,.sidebar-nav-mobile:not(#sticky-placeholder){display:block;}.main-navigation ul,.gen-sidebar-nav{display:none;}[class*="nav-float-"] .site-header .inside-header > *{float:none;clear:both;}} .main-navigation .slideout-toggle a:before,.slide-opened .slideout-overlay .slideout-exit:before{font-family:GeneratePress;}.slideout-navigation .dropdown-menu-toggle:before{content:"\f107" !important;}.slideout-navigation .sfHover > a .dropdown-menu-toggle:before{content:"\f106" !important;} body{background-image:url('http://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/magma-texture.jpg');} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-mobile-style-css' href='https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/css/mobile.min.css?ver=3.4.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-font-icons-css' href='https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/css/components/font-icons.min.css?ver=3.4.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-css' href='https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/css/components/font-awesome.min.css?ver=4.7' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='addthis_all_pages-css' href='https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/plugins/addthis-follow/frontend/build/addthis_wordpress_public.min.css?ver=6.6.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-blog-css' href='https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/plugins/gp-premium/blog/functions/css/style-min.css?ver=1.8.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-secondary-nav-css' href='https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/plugins/gp-premium/secondary-nav/functions/css/style.min.css?ver=1.8.3' media='all' /> <style id='generate-secondary-nav-inline-css'> .secondary-navigation{background-color:#04345d;}.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul li a,.secondary-navigation .menu-toggle{color:#ffffff;padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px;}button.secondary-menu-toggle:hover,button.secondary-menu-toggle:focus{color:#ffffff;}.widget-area .secondary-navigation{margin-bottom:20px;}.secondary-navigation ul ul{background-color:#303030;top:auto;}.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul ul li a{color:#ffffff;padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px;}.secondary-navigation .menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{padding-right:15px;}.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul li:hover > a,.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul li:focus > a,.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul li.sfHover > a{color:#ffffff;background-color:#0089cf;}.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul ul li:hover > a,.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul ul li:focus > a,.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul ul li.sfHover > a{color:#ffffff;background-color:#474747;}.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul li[class*="current-menu-"] > a, .secondary-navigation .main-nav ul li[class*="current-menu-"] > a:hover,.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul li[class*="current-menu-"].sfHover > a{color:#222222;background-color:#ffffff;}.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul ul li[class*="current-menu-"] > a,.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul ul li[class*="current-menu-"] > a:hover,.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul ul li[class*="current-menu-"].sfHover > a{color:#ffffff;background-color:#474747;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='generate-secondary-nav-mobile-css' href='https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/plugins/gp-premium/secondary-nav/functions/css/mobile.min.css?ver=1.8.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='otw-shortcode-general_foundicons-css' href='https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/plugins/info-boxes-shortcode-and-widget/include/otw_components/otw_shortcode/css/general_foundicons.css?ver=6.6.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='otw-shortcode-social_foundicons-css' href='https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/plugins/info-boxes-shortcode-and-widget/include/otw_components/otw_shortcode/css/social_foundicons.css?ver=6.6.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='otw-shortcode-css' href='https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/plugins/info-boxes-shortcode-and-widget/include/otw_components/otw_shortcode/css/otw_shortcode.css?ver=6.6.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='jetpack_css-css' href='https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/css/jetpack.css?ver=9.4.3' media='all' /> <script src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/plugins/google-analytics-dashboard-for-wp/assets/js/frontend-gtag.min.js?ver=7.10.0" id="exactmetrics-frontend-script-js"></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" id='exactmetrics-frontend-script-js-extra'>var exactmetrics_frontend = {"js_events_tracking":"true","download_extensions":"doc,pdf,ppt,zip,xls,docx,pptx,xlsx","inbound_paths":"[{\"path\":\"\\\/go\\\/\",\"label\":\"affiliate\"},{\"path\":\"\\\/recommend\\\/\",\"label\":\"affiliate\"}]","home_url":"https:\/\/blog.gale.com","hash_tracking":"false","ua":"UA-6554141-41","v4_id":""};</script> <script src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script id="accordions_js-js-extra"> var accordions_ajax = {"accordions_ajaxurl":"https:\/\/blog.gale.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; </script> <script src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/plugins/accordions/assets/frontend/js/scripts.js?ver=6.6.1" id="accordions_js-js"></script> <script src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-hide-post/public/js/wp-hide-post-public.js?ver=2.0.10" id="wp-hide-post-js"></script> <script src="https://s7.addthis.com/js/300/addthis_widget.js?ver=6.6.1#pubid=wp-0114226b8d293e5e4fcdbde0a365e58d" id="addthis_widget-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://blog.gale.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://blog.gale.com/wp-json/wp/v2/tags/105" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://blog.gale.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MCRG9V');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="Efv-bj3x0yASYmpsEYOJOAX0-41i0_hBAtbDqQ_J5TM" /><script type="text/javascript"> window._se_plugin_version = '8.1.9'; </script> <!-- Stream WordPress user activity plugin v3.7.0 --> <style type="text/css">.wtr-time-wrap{ /* wraps the entire label */ margin: 0 10px; } .wtr-time-number{ /* applies only to the number */ }</style> <!-- Google Tag Manager for WordPress by gtm4wp.com --> <!-- GTM Container placement set to manual --> <script data-cfasync="false" data-pagespeed-no-defer type="text/javascript"> var dataLayer_content = {"pagePostType":"post","pagePostType2":"tag-post"}; dataLayer.push( dataLayer_content ); </script> <script data-cfasync="false"> (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= '//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MCRG9V'); </script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <!-- End Google Tag Manager for WordPress by gtm4wp.com --><style>.recentcomments a{display:inline !important;padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important;}</style><style type="text/css"></style><meta name="twitter:widgets:link-color" content="#000000"><meta name="twitter:widgets:border-color" content="#000000"><meta name="twitter:partner" content="tfwp"><script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript">if (window.addthis_product === undefined) { window.addthis_product = "wpf"; } if (window.wp_product_version === undefined) { window.wp_product_version = "wpf-4.2.6"; } if (window.addthis_share === undefined) { window.addthis_share = {}; } if (window.addthis_config === undefined) { window.addthis_config = {"data_track_clickback":true,"ui_atversion":300}; } if (window.addthis_plugin_info === undefined) { window.addthis_plugin_info = {"info_status":"enabled","cms_name":"WordPress","plugin_name":"Follow Buttons by AddThis","plugin_version":"4.2.6","plugin_mode":"AddThis","anonymous_profile_id":"wp-0114226b8d293e5e4fcdbde0a365e58d","page_info":{"template":"archives","post_type":""},"sharing_enabled_on_post_via_metabox":false}; } (function() { var first_load_interval_id = setInterval(function () { if (typeof window.addthis !== 'undefined') { window.clearInterval(first_load_interval_id); if (typeof window.addthis_layers !== 'undefined' && Object.getOwnPropertyNames(window.addthis_layers).length > 0) { window.addthis.layers(window.addthis_layers); } if (Array.isArray(window.addthis_layers_tools)) { for (i = 0; i < window.addthis_layers_tools.length; i++) { window.addthis.layers(window.addthis_layers_tools[i]); } } } },1000) }()); </script><link rel="icon" href="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/cropped-310395875_813932749708045_650454514375076819_n-1-32x32.jpg" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/cropped-310395875_813932749708045_650454514375076819_n-1-192x192.jpg" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/cropped-310395875_813932749708045_650454514375076819_n-1-180x180.jpg" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/cropped-310395875_813932749708045_650454514375076819_n-1-270x270.jpg" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"><meta name="twitter:title" content="primary sources"> <style type="text/css" title="dynamic-css" class="options-output">.wtr-time-wrap{line-height:16px;color:#CCCCCC;font-size:16px;opacity: 1;visibility: visible;-webkit-transition: opacity 0.24s ease-in-out;-moz-transition: opacity 0.24s ease-in-out;transition: opacity 0.24s ease-in-out;}.wf-loading .wtr-time-wrap{opacity: 0;}.ie.wf-loading .wtr-time-wrap{visibility: hidden;}</style><style id="tt-easy-google-font-styles" type="text/css">p { } h1 { } h2 { } h3 { } h4 { } h5 { } h6 { } * { } </style></head> <body class="archive tag tag-primary-sources tag-105 wp-custom-logo wp-embed-responsive post-image-below-header post-image-aligned-center secondary-nav-float-right secondary-nav-aligned-right sticky-menu-fade right-sidebar nav-below-header separate-containers fluid-header active-footer-widgets-3 nav-aligned-left header-aligned-left dropdown-hover" itemtype="https://schema.org/Blog" itemscope> <!-- GTM Container placement set to manual --> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MCRG9V" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden" aria-hidden="true"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <!-- GTM Container placement set to manual --> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --><a class="screen-reader-text skip-link" href="#content" title="Skip to content">Skip to content</a> <header class="site-header" id="masthead" aria-label="Site" itemtype="https://schema.org/WPHeader" itemscope> <div class="inside-header grid-container grid-parent"> <nav itemtype="http://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement" itemscope="itemscope" id="secondary-navigation" class="secondary-navigation grid-container grid-parent"> <div class="inside-navigation grid-container grid-parent"> <button class="menu-toggle secondary-menu-toggle"> <span class="mobile-menu">Utility Menu</span> </button> <div class="main-nav"><ul id="menu-utility-nav" class=" secondary-menu sf-menu"><li id="menu-item-20231" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-20231"><a href="https://myaccount.cengage.com/b2bstore/en/US/storefrontd/gale?cmd=CLB2BMyProfile">My Account</a></li> <li id="menu-item-20223" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-20223"><a href="http://support.gale.com">Support</a></li> <li id="menu-item-20227" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-20227"><a href="http://www.cengage.com/repfinder/gale">Find Rep</a></li> <li id="menu-item-20225" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-20225"><a href="https://cengage.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_4TMdxL87bK29mrX">Feedback</a></li> </ul></div> </div><!-- .inside-navigation --> </nav><!-- #secondary-navigation --> <div class="site-logo"> <a href="http://www.gale.com" rel="home"> <img class="header-image is-logo-image" alt="Gale Blog: Library &amp; Educator News | K12, Academic &amp; Public" src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Gale_Logo_rgb_white_small-1.png" /> </a> </div> </div> </header> <nav class="main-navigation sub-menu-right" id="site-navigation" aria-label="Primary" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement" itemscope> <div class="inside-navigation grid-container grid-parent"> <button class="menu-toggle" aria-controls="primary-menu" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="mobile-menu">Blog Menu</span> </button> <div id="primary-menu" class="main-nav"><ul id="menu-gale-blog" class=" menu sf-menu"><li id="menu-item-20185" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-home menu-item-20185"><a href="http://blog.gale.com">Blog Home</a></li> <li id="menu-item-20175" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-20175"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/academic/">Academic</a></li> <li id="menu-item-20177" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-20177"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/schools/">Schools</a></li> <li id="menu-item-20173" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-20173"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/public/">Public</a></li> <li id="menu-item-35449" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-35449"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/thorndike-press/">Thorndike Press</a></li> <li id="menu-item-20139" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20139"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.gale.com/events#new_tab">Events</a></li> <li id="menu-item-20179" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-20179"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/updates/">Product Updates</a></li> <li id="menu-item-51037" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-51037"><a href="https://review.gale.com/">Gale International Blog</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </nav> <div class="site grid-container container hfeed grid-parent" id="page"> <div class="site-content" id="content"> <div class="content-area grid-parent mobile-grid-100 grid-75 tablet-grid-75" id="primary"> <main class="site-main" id="main"> <header class="page-header" aria-label="Page"> <h1 class="page-title"> primary sources </h1> </header> <article id="post-55439" class="post-55439 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-academic category-featured tag-academic-onefile tag-archives tag-articles tag-female-activism tag-feminism tag-gale tag-gale-ambassadors tag-gale-in-context tag-gale-primary-sources tag-gale-publishers tag-gender-society tag-gender-studies tag-historical-gender-studies tag-journals tag-learning tag-political tag-political-activism tag-politics tag-primary-source-literacy tag-primary-sources tag-research tag-reviews tag-tags-academic tag-twentieth-century-history tag-women tag-womens-movements-2 tag-womens-rights-2 tag-womens-studies-2" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope> <div class="inside-article"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/the-past-present-future-of-feminism-in-international-relations/" rel="bookmark">The Past, Present &amp; Future of Feminism in International Relations</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><time class="updated" datetime="2024-07-02T10:53:37-04:00" itemprop="dateModified">July 2, 2024</time><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-06-12T09:00:00-04:00" itemprop="datePublished">June 12, 2024</time></span> </div> </header> <div class="post-image"> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/the-past-present-future-of-feminism-in-international-relations/"> <img width="672" height="365" src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Blog-post-2-Picture-1.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Blog-post-2-Picture-1.jpg 672w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Blog-post-2-Picture-1-300x163.jpg 300w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Blog-post-2-Picture-1-640x348.jpg 640w" sizes="(max-width: 672px) 100vw, 672px" /> </a> </div> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="text"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='The Past, Present &amp;amp; Future of Feminism in International Relations' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/the-past-present-future-of-feminism-in-international-relations/' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>| By Alyssa Anderson, Gale Ambassador at Florida International University | In a world of restrictive gender roles, women are assumed to play a peripheral part while men take the lead. Feminism was introduced as a critical theory in the study of international relations to defy the marginalization of women in the field. To focus &#8230; <a title="The Past, Present &amp; Future of Feminism in International Relations" class="read-more" href="https://blog.gale.com/the-past-present-future-of-feminism-in-international-relations/">Read more</a><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings above via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings below via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --></p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='The Past, Present &amp;amp; Future of Feminism in International Relations' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/the-past-present-future-of-feminism-in-international-relations/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='The Past, Present &amp;amp; Future of Feminism in International Relations' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/the-past-present-future-of-feminism-in-international-relations/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta" aria-label="Entry meta"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/academic/" rel="category tag">Academic</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/featured/" rel="category tag">Featured</a></span> <span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/academic-onefile/" rel="tag">Academic OneFile</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/archives/" rel="tag">archives</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/articles/" rel="tag">articles</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/female-activism/" rel="tag">female activism</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/feminism/" rel="tag">Feminism</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale/" rel="tag">Gale</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-ambassadors/" rel="tag">Gale Ambassadors</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-in-context/" rel="tag">Gale In Context</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-primary-sources/" rel="tag">Gale Primary Sources</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-publishers/" rel="tag">Gale Publishers</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gender-society/" rel="tag">Gender &amp; Society</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gender-studies/" rel="tag">Gender Studies</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/historical-gender-studies/" rel="tag">Historical Gender Studies</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/journals/" rel="tag">journals</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/learning/" rel="tag">Learning</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/political/" rel="tag">Political</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/political-activism/" rel="tag">Political Activism</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/politics/" rel="tag">Politics</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-source-literacy/" rel="tag">primary source literacy</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/" rel="tag">primary sources</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/research/" rel="tag">research</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/reviews/" rel="tag">Reviews</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/tags-academic/" rel="tag">Tags: Academic</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/twentieth-century-history/" rel="tag">Twentieth Century History</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/women/" rel="tag">Women</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/womens-movements-2/" rel="tag">Women’s Movements</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/womens-rights-2/" rel="tag">Women’s Rights</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/womens-studies-2/" rel="tag">Women’s Studies</a></span> </footer> </div> </article> <article id="post-55390" class="post-55390 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-academic category-featured category-public category-schools tag-gale-literature tag-gale-literature-resource-center tag-gale-literature-litfinder tag-primary-sources" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope> <div class="inside-article"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/new-in-gale-literature-resource-center-primary-sources-amp-historical-documents/" rel="bookmark">New in Gale Literature Resource Center: Primary Sources &amp; Historical Documents</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><time class="updated" datetime="2024-06-21T14:16:06-04:00" itemprop="dateModified">June 21, 2024</time><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-05-30T10:00:00-04:00" itemprop="datePublished">May 30, 2024</time></span> </div> </header> <div class="post-image"> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/new-in-gale-literature-resource-center-primary-sources-amp-historical-documents/"> <img width="797" height="456" src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/updates.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" decoding="async" srcset="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/updates.jpg 797w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/updates-300x172.jpg 300w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/updates-768x439.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 797px) 100vw, 797px" /> </a> </div> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="text"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='New in Gale Literature Resource Center: Primary Sources &amp;amp; Historical Documents' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/new-in-gale-literature-resource-center-primary-sources-amp-historical-documents/' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>| By Gale Staff | Twenty-some years ago, I gravitated to an English degree because I loved writing and reading, but it wasn’t until my first upper-level seminar that my abilities to analyze works of literature deepened. In the course, we were encouraged to make liberal use of historical documents to help our twentieth-century minds &#8230; <a title="New in Gale Literature Resource Center: Primary Sources &amp; Historical Documents" class="read-more" href="https://blog.gale.com/new-in-gale-literature-resource-center-primary-sources-amp-historical-documents/">Read more</a><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings above via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings below via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --></p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='New in Gale Literature Resource Center: Primary Sources &amp;amp; Historical Documents' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/new-in-gale-literature-resource-center-primary-sources-amp-historical-documents/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='New in Gale Literature Resource Center: Primary Sources &amp;amp; Historical Documents' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/new-in-gale-literature-resource-center-primary-sources-amp-historical-documents/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta" aria-label="Entry meta"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/academic/" rel="category tag">Academic</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/featured/" rel="category tag">Featured</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/public/" rel="category tag">Public</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/schools/" rel="category tag">Schools</a></span> <span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-literature/" rel="tag">Gale Literature</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-literature-resource-center/" rel="tag">gale literature resource center</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-literature-litfinder/" rel="tag">Gale Literature: LitFinder</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/" rel="tag">primary sources</a></span> </footer> </div> </article> <article id="post-55143" class="post-55143 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-academic category-featured tag-harvey-milk tag-lgbtq tag-pride-month tag-primary-sources" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope> <div class="inside-article"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/get-readyfor-pride-month-explore-lgbtq-history/" rel="bookmark">Get Ready for Pride Month: Explore LGBTQ History</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-04-03T09:03:00-04:00" itemprop="datePublished">April 3, 2024</time></span> </div> </header> <div class="post-image"> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/get-readyfor-pride-month-explore-lgbtq-history/"> <img width="800" height="439" src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/iStock-1392804891-1.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" decoding="async" srcset="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/iStock-1392804891-1.jpg 800w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/iStock-1392804891-1-300x165.jpg 300w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/iStock-1392804891-1-768x421.jpg 768w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/iStock-1392804891-1-640x351.jpg 640w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /> </a> </div> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="text"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='Get Ready for Pride Month: Explore LGBTQ History' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/get-readyfor-pride-month-explore-lgbtq-history/' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>| By Gale Staff | At 1:20 a.m. on June 28, 1969, police raided the Stonewall Inn in Manhattan’s Greenwich Village, swarming the 205 people present. It wasn’t the first time. Typically, these raids targeted patrons that the police believed were assigned male at birth (AMAB) dressed as women. Female officers would take anyone wearing &#8230; <a title="Get Ready for Pride Month: Explore LGBTQ History" class="read-more" href="https://blog.gale.com/get-readyfor-pride-month-explore-lgbtq-history/">Read more</a><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings above via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings below via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --></p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='Get Ready for Pride Month: Explore LGBTQ History' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/get-readyfor-pride-month-explore-lgbtq-history/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='Get Ready for Pride Month: Explore LGBTQ History' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/get-readyfor-pride-month-explore-lgbtq-history/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta" aria-label="Entry meta"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/academic/" rel="category tag">Academic</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/featured/" rel="category tag">Featured</a></span> <span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/harvey-milk/" rel="tag">Harvey Milk</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/lgbtq/" rel="tag">LGBTQ</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/pride-month/" rel="tag">Pride Month</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/" rel="tag">primary sources</a></span> </footer> </div> </article> <article id="post-52207" class="post-52207 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-academic category-featured tag-academic-2 tag-capitol-attack tag-capitol-riots tag-gale-primary-sources tag-left-wing tag-political-extremism tag-political-extremism-and-radicalism-in-the-twentieth-century tag-politics tag-primary-sources tag-right-wing tag-riots tag-terrorism tag-trump tag-u-s-capitol-attack tag-weather-underground" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope> <div class="inside-article"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/has-the-u-s-capitol-been-attacked-before/" rel="bookmark">Has the U.S. Capitol Been Attacked Before?</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2022-04-28T09:00:00-04:00" itemprop="datePublished">April 28, 2022</time></span> </div> </header> <div class="post-image"> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/has-the-u-s-capitol-been-attacked-before/"> <img width="800" height="406" src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/iStock-108271768.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/iStock-108271768.jpg 800w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/iStock-108271768-300x152.jpg 300w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/iStock-108271768-768x390.jpg 768w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/iStock-108271768-640x325.jpg 640w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /> </a> </div> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="text"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='Has the U.S. Capitol Been Attacked Before?' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/has-the-u-s-capitol-been-attacked-before/' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>| By Gale Staff | The U.S. Capitol riot on January 6, 2021, prompted by President Donald Trump after his loss in the 2020 presidential election, and the subsequent trials of&nbsp;President Trump&#8217;s supporters and right-wing militia group leaders&nbsp;accused of committing criminal activities, including those of rioters who committed violent attacks on Capitol police during the &#8230; <a title="Has the U.S. Capitol Been Attacked Before?" class="read-more" href="https://blog.gale.com/has-the-u-s-capitol-been-attacked-before/">Read more</a><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings above via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings below via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --></p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='Has the U.S. Capitol Been Attacked Before?' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/has-the-u-s-capitol-been-attacked-before/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='Has the U.S. Capitol Been Attacked Before?' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/has-the-u-s-capitol-been-attacked-before/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta" aria-label="Entry meta"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/academic/" rel="category tag">Academic</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/featured/" rel="category tag">Featured</a></span> <span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/academic-2/" rel="tag">academic</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/capitol-attack/" rel="tag">capitol attack</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/capitol-riots/" rel="tag">Capitol Riots</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-primary-sources/" rel="tag">Gale Primary Sources</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/left-wing/" rel="tag">left-wing</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/political-extremism/" rel="tag">political extremism</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/political-extremism-and-radicalism-in-the-twentieth-century/" rel="tag">Political Extremism and Radicalism in the Twentieth Century</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/politics/" rel="tag">Politics</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/" rel="tag">primary sources</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/right-wing/" rel="tag">right-wing</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/riots/" rel="tag">Riots</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/terrorism/" rel="tag">terrorism</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/trump/" rel="tag">Trump</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/u-s-capitol-attack/" rel="tag">U.S. Capitol attack</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/weather-underground/" rel="tag">weather underground</a></span> </footer> </div> </article> <article id="post-52144" class="post-52144 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-academic category-featured tag-academic-2 tag-gale-primary-sources tag-primary-sources tag-russia tag-russia-ukraine-conflict tag-russia-ukraine-war tag-ukraine tag-war" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope> <div class="inside-article"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/the-russia-ukraine-conflict-teaching-moments-found-in-primary-sources/" rel="bookmark">The Russia-Ukraine Conflict: Teaching Moments Found in Primary Sources</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2022-04-20T09:00:00-04:00" itemprop="datePublished">April 20, 2022</time></span> </div> </header> <div class="post-image"> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/the-russia-ukraine-conflict-teaching-moments-found-in-primary-sources/"> <img width="800" height="401" src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/iStock-1389579793.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/iStock-1389579793.jpg 800w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/iStock-1389579793-300x150.jpg 300w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/iStock-1389579793-768x385.jpg 768w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/iStock-1389579793-640x321.jpg 640w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /> </a> </div> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="text"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='The Russia-Ukraine Conflict: Teaching Moments Found in Primary Sources' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/the-russia-ukraine-conflict-teaching-moments-found-in-primary-sources/' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>| By Gale Staff | From a contemporary Western perspective, it’s easy to take for granted our democracy and basic freedoms, since for most Americans our current form of government is all we’ve ever known. But what happens when your democracy is threatened in its infancy—just 31 years after your country manages to break away &#8230; <a title="The Russia-Ukraine Conflict: Teaching Moments Found in Primary Sources" class="read-more" href="https://blog.gale.com/the-russia-ukraine-conflict-teaching-moments-found-in-primary-sources/">Read more</a><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings above via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings below via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --></p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='The Russia-Ukraine Conflict: Teaching Moments Found in Primary Sources' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/the-russia-ukraine-conflict-teaching-moments-found-in-primary-sources/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='The Russia-Ukraine Conflict: Teaching Moments Found in Primary Sources' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/the-russia-ukraine-conflict-teaching-moments-found-in-primary-sources/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta" aria-label="Entry meta"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/academic/" rel="category tag">Academic</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/featured/" rel="category tag">Featured</a></span> <span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/academic-2/" rel="tag">academic</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-primary-sources/" rel="tag">Gale Primary Sources</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/" rel="tag">primary sources</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/russia/" rel="tag">Russia</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/russia-ukraine-conflict/" rel="tag">russia-ukraine conflict</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/russia-ukraine-war/" rel="tag">Russia-Ukraine war</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/ukraine/" rel="tag">Ukraine</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/war/" rel="tag">war</a></span> </footer> </div> </article> <article id="post-51983" class="post-51983 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-academic category-featured tag-2021-u-s-capitol-riot tag-academic-2 tag-capitol-riots tag-gale-primary-sources tag-political-extremism tag-primary-sources tag-u-s-capitol-riot" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope> <div class="inside-article"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/database-trends-provide-insight-into-political-extremism-in-the-wake-of-2021-u-s-capitol-riot/" rel="bookmark">Database Trends Provide Insight into Political Extremism in the Wake of 2021 U.S. Capitol Riot</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2022-03-09T09:00:00-05:00" itemprop="datePublished">March 9, 2022</time></span> </div> </header> <div class="post-image"> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/database-trends-provide-insight-into-political-extremism-in-the-wake-of-2021-u-s-capitol-riot/"> <img width="800" height="374" src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Banner-Pol-Ext.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Banner-Pol-Ext.png 800w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Banner-Pol-Ext-300x140.png 300w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Banner-Pol-Ext-768x359.png 768w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Banner-Pol-Ext-640x299.png 640w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /> </a> </div> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="text"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='Database Trends Provide Insight into Political Extremism in the Wake of 2021 U.S. Capitol Riot' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/database-trends-provide-insight-into-political-extremism-in-the-wake-of-2021-u-s-capitol-riot/' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>| By Rachel Holt, Gale Primary Sources Acquisitions Editor | The ideologies held by modern extremist groups can often be linked to events of the past, and can have an influence on contemporary events. Such is the case of the January 6, 2021, attack on the U.S. Capitol. According to unique data retrieved from Gale’s &#8230; <a title="Database Trends Provide Insight into Political Extremism in the Wake of 2021 U.S. Capitol Riot" class="read-more" href="https://blog.gale.com/database-trends-provide-insight-into-political-extremism-in-the-wake-of-2021-u-s-capitol-riot/">Read more</a><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings above via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings below via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --></p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='Database Trends Provide Insight into Political Extremism in the Wake of 2021 U.S. Capitol Riot' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/database-trends-provide-insight-into-political-extremism-in-the-wake-of-2021-u-s-capitol-riot/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='Database Trends Provide Insight into Political Extremism in the Wake of 2021 U.S. Capitol Riot' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/database-trends-provide-insight-into-political-extremism-in-the-wake-of-2021-u-s-capitol-riot/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta" aria-label="Entry meta"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/academic/" rel="category tag">Academic</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/featured/" rel="category tag">Featured</a></span> <span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/2021-u-s-capitol-riot/" rel="tag">2021 U.S. Capitol Riot</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/academic-2/" rel="tag">academic</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/capitol-riots/" rel="tag">Capitol Riots</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-primary-sources/" rel="tag">Gale Primary Sources</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/political-extremism/" rel="tag">political extremism</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/" rel="tag">primary sources</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/u-s-capitol-riot/" rel="tag">U.S. Capitol Riot</a></span> </footer> </div> </article> <article id="post-51776" class="post-51776 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-academic category-featured tag-extremism tag-gale-primary-sources tag-political-extremism tag-primary-sources tag-u-s-capitol-attack tag-u-s-capitol-riot" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope> <div class="inside-article"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/u-s-capitol-riot-one-year-later-how-primary-sources-help-students-understand-extremism/" rel="bookmark">U.S. Capitol Riot One-Year Later: How Primary Sources Help Students Understand Extremism</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2022-01-06T09:00:00-05:00" itemprop="datePublished">January 6, 2022</time></span> </div> </header> <div class="post-image"> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/u-s-capitol-riot-one-year-later-how-primary-sources-help-students-understand-extremism/"> <img width="800" height="272" src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/2021-12-21_9-46-48.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/2021-12-21_9-46-48.png 800w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/2021-12-21_9-46-48-300x102.png 300w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/2021-12-21_9-46-48-768x261.png 768w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/2021-12-21_9-46-48-640x218.png 640w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /> </a> </div> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="text"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='U.S. Capitol Riot One-Year Later: How Primary Sources Help Students Understand Extremism' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/u-s-capitol-riot-one-year-later-how-primary-sources-help-students-understand-extremism/' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>| By Megan Graewingholt, Social Sciences &amp; Government Documents Librarian at California State University, Fullerton – Pollak Library | The one-year mark of the attack on the U.S. Capitol is a milestone that’s an important reminder of the critical role primary sources play in helping us understand historical events. As Social Sciences and Government Documents &#8230; <a title="U.S. Capitol Riot One-Year Later: How Primary Sources Help Students Understand Extremism" class="read-more" href="https://blog.gale.com/u-s-capitol-riot-one-year-later-how-primary-sources-help-students-understand-extremism/">Read more</a><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings above via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings below via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --></p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='U.S. Capitol Riot One-Year Later: How Primary Sources Help Students Understand Extremism' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/u-s-capitol-riot-one-year-later-how-primary-sources-help-students-understand-extremism/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='U.S. Capitol Riot One-Year Later: How Primary Sources Help Students Understand Extremism' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/u-s-capitol-riot-one-year-later-how-primary-sources-help-students-understand-extremism/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta" aria-label="Entry meta"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/academic/" rel="category tag">Academic</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/featured/" rel="category tag">Featured</a></span> <span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/extremism/" rel="tag">Extremism</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-primary-sources/" rel="tag">Gale Primary Sources</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/political-extremism/" rel="tag">political extremism</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/" rel="tag">primary sources</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/u-s-capitol-attack/" rel="tag">U.S. Capitol attack</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/u-s-capitol-riot/" rel="tag">U.S. Capitol Riot</a></span> </footer> </div> </article> <article id="post-51184" class="post-51184 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-academic category-featured tag-academic-2 tag-gale-primary-sources tag-political-extremism tag-primary-sources tag-reviews" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope> <div class="inside-article"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/booklist-calls-the-political-extremism-radicalism-series-invaluable/" rel="bookmark">Booklist Calls the Political Extremism &#038; Radicalism Series “Invaluable”</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2021-05-17T09:00:00-04:00" itemprop="datePublished">May 17, 2021</time></span> </div> </header> <div class="post-image"> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/booklist-calls-the-political-extremism-radicalism-series-invaluable/"> <img width="1782" height="460" src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Blog513221.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Blog513221.jpg 1782w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Blog513221-300x77.jpg 300w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Blog513221-1024x264.jpg 1024w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Blog513221-768x198.jpg 768w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Blog513221-1536x396.jpg 1536w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Blog513221-640x165.jpg 640w" sizes="(max-width: 1782px) 100vw, 1782px" /> </a> </div> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="text"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='Booklist Calls the Political Extremism &amp; Radicalism Series “Invaluable”' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/booklist-calls-the-political-extremism-radicalism-series-invaluable/' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>| By Gale Staff | The rise of polarized politics in Western democracies over the last decade calls for greater research into extremist and radical thinking. The Political Extremism and Radicalism series is one of the first, and most comprehensive, digitized collections to offer unprecedented access to rare and highly sort-after primary sources concerning a &#8230; <a title="Booklist Calls the Political Extremism &#038; Radicalism Series “Invaluable”" class="read-more" href="https://blog.gale.com/booklist-calls-the-political-extremism-radicalism-series-invaluable/">Read more</a><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings above via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings below via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --></p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='Booklist Calls the Political Extremism &amp; Radicalism Series “Invaluable”' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/booklist-calls-the-political-extremism-radicalism-series-invaluable/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='Booklist Calls the Political Extremism &amp; Radicalism Series “Invaluable”' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/booklist-calls-the-political-extremism-radicalism-series-invaluable/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta" aria-label="Entry meta"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/academic/" rel="category tag">Academic</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/featured/" rel="category tag">Featured</a></span> <span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/academic-2/" rel="tag">academic</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-primary-sources/" rel="tag">Gale Primary Sources</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/political-extremism/" rel="tag">political extremism</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/" rel="tag">primary sources</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/reviews/" rel="tag">Reviews</a></span> </footer> </div> </article> <article id="post-50563" class="post-50563 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-academic category-featured tag-academic-2 tag-anti-slavery tag-archives tag-articles tag-gale-primary-sources tag-journals tag-primary-sources tag-research tag-researchers tag-slavery" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope> <div class="inside-article"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/gale-primary-sources-slavery-and-anti-slavery-a-transnational-archive-enhancements/" rel="bookmark">Gale Primary Sources: Slavery and Anti-Slavery: A Transnational Archive Enhancements</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2020-10-22T11:00:16-04:00" itemprop="datePublished">October 22, 2020</time></span> </div> </header> <div class="post-image"> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/gale-primary-sources-slavery-and-anti-slavery-a-transnational-archive-enhancements/"> <img width="800" height="401" src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/On-to-Liberty.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/On-to-Liberty.jpg 800w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/On-to-Liberty-300x150.jpg 300w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/On-to-Liberty-768x385.jpg 768w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/On-to-Liberty-640x321.jpg 640w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /> </a> </div> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="text"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='Gale Primary Sources: Slavery and Anti-Slavery: A Transnational Archive Enhancements' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/gale-primary-sources-slavery-and-anti-slavery-a-transnational-archive-enhancements/' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>| By Joseph Williams | We are thrilled to announce that on Friday, November 20, 2020, Gale will release an enhanced user experience for Slavery and Anti-Slavery: A Transnational Archive. Benefits of the new user experience include:&nbsp; Cross-search ability—For the first time ever, Slavery and Anti-Slavery: A Transnational Archive will be available in the Gale &#8230; <a title="Gale Primary Sources: Slavery and Anti-Slavery: A Transnational Archive Enhancements" class="read-more" href="https://blog.gale.com/gale-primary-sources-slavery-and-anti-slavery-a-transnational-archive-enhancements/">Read more</a><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings above via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings below via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --></p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='Gale Primary Sources: Slavery and Anti-Slavery: A Transnational Archive Enhancements' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/gale-primary-sources-slavery-and-anti-slavery-a-transnational-archive-enhancements/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='Gale Primary Sources: Slavery and Anti-Slavery: A Transnational Archive Enhancements' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/gale-primary-sources-slavery-and-anti-slavery-a-transnational-archive-enhancements/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta" aria-label="Entry meta"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/academic/" rel="category tag">Academic</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/featured/" rel="category tag">Featured</a></span> <span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/academic-2/" rel="tag">academic</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/anti-slavery/" rel="tag">anti-slavery</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/archives/" rel="tag">archives</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/articles/" rel="tag">articles</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-primary-sources/" rel="tag">Gale Primary Sources</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/journals/" rel="tag">journals</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/" rel="tag">primary sources</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/research/" rel="tag">research</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/researchers/" rel="tag">researchers</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/slavery/" rel="tag">slavery</a></span> </footer> </div> </article> <article id="post-50561" class="post-50561 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-academic category-featured tag-academic-2 tag-archives tag-articles tag-gale-primary-sources tag-journals tag-news tag-news-vault tag-primary-sources tag-research tag-researchers" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope> <div class="inside-article"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/gale-primary-sources-newsvault-retirement-and-gale-primary-sources-cross-search-enhancements/" rel="bookmark">Gale Primary Sources: NewsVault Retirement and Gale Primary Sources Cross-Search Enhancements</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2020-10-22T09:00:00-04:00" itemprop="datePublished">October 22, 2020</time></span> </div> </header> <div class="post-image"> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/gale-primary-sources-newsvault-retirement-and-gale-primary-sources-cross-search-enhancements/"> <img width="800" height="401" src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/iStock-1184080651.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/iStock-1184080651.jpg 800w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/iStock-1184080651-300x150.jpg 300w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/iStock-1184080651-768x385.jpg 768w, https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/iStock-1184080651-640x321.jpg 640w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /> </a> </div> <div class="entry-summary" itemprop="text"> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='Gale Primary Sources: NewsVault Retirement and Gale Primary Sources Cross-Search Enhancements' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/gale-primary-sources-newsvault-retirement-and-gale-primary-sources-cross-search-enhancements/' data-app-id-name='category_above_content'></div><p>| By Megan Sullivan | We&#8217;re excited to announce that on Friday, October 30, 2020, Gale will release several enhancements to the Gale Primary Sources cross-search. Designed specifically to improve the newspaper and periodical cross-search experience, these enhancements will be closely followed by the retirement of NewsVault, our older, newspaper-only cross-search interface. On Friday, November &#8230; <a title="Gale Primary Sources: NewsVault Retirement and Gale Primary Sources Cross-Search Enhancements" class="read-more" href="https://blog.gale.com/gale-primary-sources-newsvault-retirement-and-gale-primary-sources-cross-search-enhancements/">Read more</a><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings above via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings below via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on wp_trim_excerpt --></p> <div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='Gale Primary Sources: NewsVault Retirement and Gale Primary Sources Cross-Search Enhancements' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/gale-primary-sources-newsvault-retirement-and-gale-primary-sources-cross-search-enhancements/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div><div style='display:none;' class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app='recommendations' data-title='Gale Primary Sources: NewsVault Retirement and Gale Primary Sources Cross-Search Enhancements' data-link='https://blog.gale.com/gale-primary-sources-newsvault-retirement-and-gale-primary-sources-cross-search-enhancements/' data-app-id-name='category_below_content'></div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta" aria-label="Entry meta"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/academic/" rel="category tag">Academic</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/featured/" rel="category tag">Featured</a></span> <span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/academic-2/" rel="tag">academic</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/archives/" rel="tag">archives</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/articles/" rel="tag">articles</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-primary-sources/" rel="tag">Gale Primary Sources</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/journals/" rel="tag">journals</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/news/" rel="tag">News</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/news-vault/" rel="tag">News Vault</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/" rel="tag">primary sources</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/research/" rel="tag">research</a>, <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/researchers/" rel="tag">researchers</a></span> </footer> </div> </article> <nav id="nav-below" class="paging-navigation" aria-label="Archive Page"> <div class="nav-previous"> <span class="prev" title="Previous"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/page/2/" >Older posts</a></span> </div> <div class="nav-links"><span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page</span>1</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/page/2/"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page</span>2</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/page/14/"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page</span>14</a> <a class="next page-numbers" href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/page/2/">Next <span aria-hidden="true">&rarr;</span></a></div> </nav> </main> </div> <div class="widget-area sidebar is-right-sidebar grid-25 tablet-grid-25 grid-parent" id="right-sidebar"> <div class="inside-right-sidebar"> <aside id="search-7" class="widget inner-padding widget_search"><form method="get" class="search-form" action="https://blog.gale.com/"> <label> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search &hellip;" value="" name="s" title="Search for:"> </label> <input type="submit" class="search-submit" value="Search"></form> </aside><aside id="custom_html-3" class="widget_text widget inner-padding widget_custom_html"><h2 class="widget-title">Subscribe</h2><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><form method="post" name="GOT211596043" action="https://s2138.t.eloqua.com/e/f2" onsubmit="return handleFormSubmit(this)" id="form3330" class="elq-form"> <input value="GOT211596043" type="hidden" name="elqFormName"> <input value="2138" type="hidden" name="elqSiteId"> <input name="elqCampaignId" type="hidden"> <div class="layout container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <div class="grid-layout-col"> <div class="layout-col col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div id="formElement0" class="elq-field-style form-element-layout row"> <div style="text-align:left;" class="col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <label class="elq-label " for="fe49300">Email Address <span class="elq-required">* </span> </label> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <div class="field-control-wrapper"> <input type="text" class="elq-item-input" name="emailAddress" id="fe49300" value="" style="width:100%;"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <br> <div class="row"> <div class="grid-layout-col"> <div class="layout-col col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div id="formElement1" class="elq-field-style form-element-layout row"> <div style="text-align:left;" class="col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <label class="elq-label " for="fe49315">Country <span class="elq-required">* </span> </label> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <div class="field-control-wrapper"> <select class="elq-item-select" id="fe49315" name="country" style="width:100%;" data-value="~~eloqua..type--emailfield..syntax--Country~~"> <option value="">Select </option> <option value="United States">United States </option> <option value="Canada">Canada </option> <option value="Afghanistan">Afghanistan </option> <option value="Auckland Islands">Auckland Islands </option> <option value="Albania">Albania </option> <option value="Algeria">Algeria </option> <option value="American Samoa">American Samoa </option> <option value="Andorra">Andorra </option> <option value="Angola">Angola </option> <option value="Anguilla">Anguilla </option> <option value="Antarctica">Antarctica </option> <option value="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda </option> <option value="Argentina">Argentina </option> <option value="Armenia">Armenia </option> <option value="Aruba">Aruba </option> <option value="Australia">Australia </option> <option value="Austria">Austria </option> <option value="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan </option> <option value="Bahamas">Bahamas </option> <option value="Bahrain">Bahrain </option> <option value="Bangladesh">Bangladesh </option> <option value="Barbados">Barbados </option> <option value="Belarus">Belarus </option> <option value="Belgium">Belgium </option> <option value="Belize">Belize </option> <option value="Benin">Benin </option> <option value="Bermuda">Bermuda </option> <option value="Bhutan">Bhutan </option> <option value="Bolivia">Bolivia </option> <option value="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba">Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba </option> <option value="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina </option> <option value="Botswana">Botswana </option> <option value="Bouvet Island">Bouvet Island </option> <option value="Brazil">Brazil </option> <option value="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory </option> <option value="Brunei Darussalam">Brunei Darussalam </option> <option value="Bulgaria">Bulgaria </option> <option value="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso </option> <option value="Burundi">Burundi </option> <option value="Cabo Verde">Cabo Verde </option> <option value="Cambodia">Cambodia </option> <option value="Cameroon">Cameroon </option> <option value="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands </option> <option value="Central African Republic">Central African Republic </option> <option value="Chad">Chad </option> <option value="Chile">Chile </option> <option value="China">China </option> <option value="Christmas Island">Christmas Island </option> <option value="Cocos Islands">Cocos Islands </option> <option value="Colombia">Colombia </option> <option value="Comoros">Comoros </option> <option value="Congo">Congo </option> <option value="Cook Islands">Cook Islands </option> <option value="Costa Rica">Costa Rica </option> <option value="Cote d'Ivoire">Cote d'Ivoire </option> <option value="Croatia">Croatia </option> <option value="Cuba">Cuba </option> <option value="Curacao">Curacao </option> <option value="Cyprus">Cyprus </option> <option value="Czechia">Czechia </option> <option value="Democratic Republic of Congo">Democratic Republic of Congo </option> <option value="Denmark">Denmark </option> <option value="Djibouti">Djibouti </option> <option value="Dominica">Dominica </option> <option value="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic </option> <option value="Ecuador">Ecuador </option> <option value="Egypt">Egypt </option> <option value="El Salvador">El Salvador </option> <option value="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea </option> <option value="Eritrea">Eritrea </option> <option value="Estonia">Estonia </option> <option value="Eswatini">Eswatini </option> <option value="Ethiopia">Ethiopia </option> <option value="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands </option> <option value="Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands </option> <option value="Fiji">Fiji </option> <option value="Finland">Finland </option> <option value="France">France </option> <option value="French Guiana">French Guiana </option> <option value="French Polynesia">French Polynesia </option> <option value="French Southern Territories">French Southern Territories </option> <option value="Gabon">Gabon </option> <option value="Gambia">Gambia </option> <option value="Georgia">Georgia </option> <option value="Germany">Germany </option> <option value="Ghana">Ghana </option> <option value="Gibraltar">Gibraltar </option> <option value="Greece">Greece </option> <option value="Greenland">Greenland </option> <option value="Grenada">Grenada </option> <option value="Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe </option> <option value="Guam">Guam </option> <option value="Guatemala">Guatemala </option> <option value="Guernsey">Guernsey </option> <option value="Guinea">Guinea </option> <option value="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau </option> <option value="Guyana">Guyana </option> <option value="Haiti">Haiti </option> <option value="Heard Island and McDonald Islands">Heard Island and McDonald Islands </option> <option value="Holy See">Holy See </option> <option value="Honduras">Honduras </option> <option value="Hong Kong">Hong Kong </option> <option value="Hungary">Hungary </option> <option value="Iceland">Iceland </option> <option value="India">India </option> <option value="Indonesia">Indonesia </option> <option value="Iran">Iran </option> <option value="Iraq">Iraq </option> <option value="Ireland">Ireland </option> <option value="Isle of Man">Isle of Man </option> <option value="Israel">Israel </option> <option value="Italy">Italy </option> <option value="Jamaica">Jamaica </option> <option value="Japan">Japan </option> <option value="Jersey">Jersey </option> <option value="Jordan">Jordan </option> <option value="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan </option> <option value="Kenya">Kenya </option> <option value="Kiribati">Kiribati </option> <option value="Kuwait">Kuwait </option> <option value="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan </option> <option value="Lao People's Democratic Republic">Lao People's Democratic Republic </option> <option value="Latvia">Latvia </option> <option value="Lebanon">Lebanon </option> <option value="Lesotho">Lesotho </option> <option value="Liberia">Liberia </option> <option value="Libya">Libya </option> <option value="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein </option> <option value="Lithuania">Lithuania </option> <option value="Luxembourg">Luxembourg </option> <option value="Macao">Macao </option> <option value="Macedonia">Macedonia </option> <option value="Madagascar">Madagascar </option> <option value="Malawi">Malawi </option> <option value="Malaysia">Malaysia </option> <option value="Maldives">Maldives </option> <option value="Mali">Mali </option> <option value="Malta">Malta </option> <option value="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands </option> <option value="Martinique">Martinique </option> <option value="Mauritania">Mauritania </option> <option value="Mauritius">Mauritius </option> <option value="Mayotte">Mayotte </option> <option value="Mexico">Mexico </option> <option value="Micronesia">Micronesia </option> <option value="Moldova">Moldova </option> <option value="Monaco">Monaco </option> <option value="Mongolia">Mongolia </option> <option value="Montenegro">Montenegro </option> <option value="Montserrat">Montserrat </option> <option value="Morocco">Morocco </option> <option value="Mozambique">Mozambique </option> <option value="Myanmar">Myanmar </option> <option value="Namibia">Namibia </option> <option value="Nauru">Nauru </option> <option value="Nepal">Nepal </option> <option value="Netherlands">Netherlands </option> <option value="New Caledonia">New Caledonia </option> <option value="New Zealand">New Zealand </option> <option value="Nicaragua">Nicaragua </option> <option value="Niger">Niger </option> <option value="Nigeria">Nigeria </option> <option value="Niue">Niue </option> <option value="Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island </option> <option value="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands </option> <option value="Norway">Norway </option> <option value="Oman">Oman </option> <option value="Pakistan">Pakistan </option> <option value="Palau">Palau </option> <option value="Palestine, State of">Palestine, State of </option> <option value="Panama">Panama </option> <option value="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea </option> <option value="Paraguay">Paraguay </option> <option value="Peru">Peru </option> <option value="Philippines">Philippines </option> <option value="Pitcairn">Pitcairn </option> <option value="Poland">Poland </option> <option value="Portugal">Portugal </option> <option value="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico </option> <option value="Qatar">Qatar </option> <option value="Reunion">Reunion </option> <option value="Romania">Romania </option> <option value="Russian Federation">Russian Federation </option> <option value="Rwanda">Rwanda </option> <option value="Saint Barthelemy">Saint Barthelemy </option> <option value="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha </option> <option value="Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis </option> <option value="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia </option> <option value="Saint Martin">Saint Martin </option> <option value="Saint Pierre and Miquelon">Saint Pierre and Miquelon </option> <option value="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines </option> <option value="Samoa">Samoa </option> <option value="San Marino">San Marino </option> <option value="Sao Tome and Principe">Sao Tome and Principe </option> <option value="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia </option> <option value="Senegal">Senegal </option> <option value="Serbia">Serbia </option> <option value="Seychelles">Seychelles </option> <option value="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone </option> <option value="Singapore">Singapore </option> <option value="Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten </option> <option value="Slovakia">Slovakia </option> <option value="Slovenia">Slovenia </option> <option value="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands </option> <option value="Somalia">Somalia </option> <option value="South Africa">South Africa </option> <option value="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands </option> <option value="South Korea">South Korea </option> <option value="South Sudan">South Sudan </option> <option value="Spain">Spain </option> <option value="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka </option> <option value="Sudan">Sudan </option> <option value="Suriname">Suriname </option> <option value="Svalbard and Jan Mayen">Svalbard and Jan Mayen </option> <option value="Sweden">Sweden </option> <option value="Switzerland">Switzerland </option> <option value="Syrian Arab Republic">Syrian Arab Republic </option> <option value="Taiwan">Taiwan </option> <option value="Tajikistan">Tajikistan </option> <option value="Tanzania, United Republic of">Tanzania, United Republic of </option> <option value="Thailand">Thailand </option> <option value="Timor-Leste">Timor-Leste </option> <option value="Togo">Togo </option> <option value="Tokelau">Tokelau </option> <option value="Tonga">Tonga </option> <option value="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago </option> <option value="Tunisia">Tunisia </option> <option value="Turkey">Turkey </option> <option value="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan </option> <option value="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands </option> <option value="Tuvalu">Tuvalu </option> <option value="Uganda">Uganda </option> <option value="Ukraine">Ukraine </option> <option value="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates </option> <option value="United Kingdom">United Kingdom </option> <option value="Uruguay">Uruguay </option> <option value="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan </option> <option value="Vanuatu">Vanuatu </option> <option value="Venezuela">Venezuela </option> <option value="Viet Nam">Viet Nam </option> <option value="Virgin Islands (British)">Virgin Islands (British) </option> <option value="Virgin Islands (U.S.)">Virgin Islands (U.S.) </option> <option value="Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna </option> <option value="Yemen">Yemen </option> <option value="Zambia">Zambia </option> <option value="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe </option> </select> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <br> <div class="row"> <div class="grid-layout-col"> <div class="layout-col col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div id="formElement2" class="elq-field-style form-element-layout row"> <div class="col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <div> <input type="Submit" class="submit-button-style " value="OPT IN" id="fe49314"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <input type="hidden" name="channelDesignation" id="fe49308" value="Library"> <input type="hidden" name="utm_source" id="fe49309" value="wordpress"> <input type="hidden" name="utm_medium" id="fe49310" value="blog"> <input type="hidden" name="utm_campaign" id="fe49311" value="GOT211596043"> </div> </form> </div></aside><aside id="text-21" class="widget inner-padding widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"><b><font color="#365f7f">Follow Us:</font></b></br> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/GaleCengage"> <img src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/facebook.png" alt="HTML tutorial" style="width:30px;height:30px;border:0;"> </a><a href="https://twitter.com/galecengage"> <img src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/twitter-2.png" alt="HTML tutorial" style="width:30px;height:30px;border:0;"> </a></a><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/GaleCengage"> <img src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/youtubet.png" alt="HTML tutorial" style="width:30px;height:30px;border:0;"> </a> </div> </aside><aside id="tag_cloud-6" class="widget inner-padding widget_tag_cloud"><h2 class="widget-title">Popular Tags</h2><div class="tagcloud"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/academic-2/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-463 tag-link-position-1" style="font-size: 18.9454545455pt;" aria-label="academic (247 items)">academic</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/academic-libraries/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-163 tag-link-position-2" style="font-size: 16.0181818182pt;" aria-label="academic libraries (144 items)">academic libraries</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/academic-onefile/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-267 tag-link-position-3" style="font-size: 10.5454545455pt;" aria-label="Academic OneFile (53 items)">Academic OneFile</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/analytics-on-demand/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-903 tag-link-position-4" style="font-size: 8.63636363636pt;" aria-label="Analytics On Demand (37 items)">Analytics On Demand</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/chiltonlibrary/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-805 tag-link-position-5" style="font-size: 10.4181818182pt;" aria-label="ChiltonLibrary (52 items)">ChiltonLibrary</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/digital-humanities/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-3665 tag-link-position-6" style="font-size: 9.01818181818pt;" aria-label="digital humanities (40 items)">digital humanities</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/ebooks/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-23 tag-link-position-7" style="font-size: 19.7090909091pt;" aria-label="eBooks (283 items)">eBooks</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/featured-2/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-539 tag-link-position-8" style="font-size: 10.6727272727pt;" aria-label="featured (54 items)">featured</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-45 tag-link-position-9" style="font-size: 21.8727272727pt;" aria-label="Gale (415 items)">Gale</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-academic-onefile-update/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-10092 tag-link-position-10" style="font-size: 10.2909090909pt;" aria-label="Gale Academic OneFile Update (50 items)">Gale Academic OneFile Update</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-courses/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-683 tag-link-position-11" style="font-size: 9.78181818182pt;" aria-label="Gale Courses (46 items)">Gale Courses</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-ebooks/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-5517 tag-link-position-12" style="font-size: 13.0909090909pt;" aria-label="Gale eBooks (84 items)">Gale eBooks</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-general-onefile-update/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-10093 tag-link-position-13" style="font-size: 8.38181818182pt;" aria-label="Gale General OneFile update (35 items)">Gale General OneFile update</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-in-context/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-3013 tag-link-position-14" style="font-size: 11.3090909091pt;" aria-label="Gale In Context (60 items)">Gale In Context</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-in-context-biography/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-9872 tag-link-position-15" style="font-size: 10.5454545455pt;" aria-label="Gale In Context: Biography (53 items)">Gale In Context: Biography</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/gale-primary-sources/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4841 tag-link-position-16" style="font-size: 12.7090909091pt;" aria-label="Gale Primary Sources (79 items)">Gale Primary Sources</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/general-onefile/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-269 tag-link-position-17" style="font-size: 10.4181818182pt;" aria-label="General OneFile (51 items)">General OneFile</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/google/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-2115 tag-link-position-18" style="font-size: 10.1636363636pt;" aria-label="Google (49 items)">Google</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/health/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-649 tag-link-position-19" style="font-size: 8.12727272727pt;" aria-label="health (34 items)">health</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/health-reference-center-academic/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-271 tag-link-position-20" style="font-size: 8.12727272727pt;" aria-label="Health Reference Center Academic (34 items)">Health Reference Center Academic</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/history/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-217 tag-link-position-21" style="font-size: 9.27272727273pt;" aria-label="history (42 items)">history</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/in-context/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-195 tag-link-position-22" style="font-size: 15.8909090909pt;" aria-label="In Context (141 items)">In Context</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/k12/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-387 tag-link-position-23" style="font-size: 9.14545454545pt;" aria-label="K12 (41 items)">K12</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/large-print/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-481 tag-link-position-24" style="font-size: 13.0909090909pt;" aria-label="large print (84 items)">large print</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/lgbtq/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4585 tag-link-position-25" style="font-size: 9.78181818182pt;" aria-label="LGBTQ (46 items)">LGBTQ</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/libraries/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-415 tag-link-position-26" style="font-size: 10.1636363636pt;" aria-label="libraries (49 items)">libraries</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/library/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-549 tag-link-position-27" style="font-size: 10.9272727273pt;" aria-label="library (56 items)">library</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/michigan/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4383 tag-link-position-28" style="font-size: 8pt;" aria-label="Michigan (33 items)">Michigan</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/my-library-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-3395 tag-link-position-29" style="font-size: 18.9454545455pt;" aria-label="My Library Story (245 items)">My Library Story</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/primary-sources/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-105 tag-link-position-30" style="font-size: 15.8909090909pt;" aria-label="primary sources (140 items)">primary sources</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/product-review/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-2717 tag-link-position-31" style="font-size: 9.78181818182pt;" aria-label="Product Review (46 items)">Product Review</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/product-update/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-783 tag-link-position-32" style="font-size: 11.1818181818pt;" aria-label="product update (59 items)">product update</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/product-updates/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-1379 tag-link-position-33" style="font-size: 12.2pt;" aria-label="Product updates (71 items)">Product updates</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/public-2/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-461 tag-link-position-34" style="font-size: 22pt;" aria-label="public (424 items)">public</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/public-libraries/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-37 tag-link-position-35" style="font-size: 20.8545454545pt;" aria-label="public libraries (345 items)">public libraries</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/public-library/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-35 tag-link-position-36" style="font-size: 20.2181818182pt;" aria-label="public library (305 items)">public library</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/research/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-155 tag-link-position-37" style="font-size: 11.4363636364pt;" aria-label="research (62 items)">research</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/school/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-1159 tag-link-position-38" style="font-size: 9.14545454545pt;" aria-label="school (41 items)">school</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/schools/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4775 tag-link-position-39" style="font-size: 19.0727272727pt;" aria-label="Schools (250 items)">Schools</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/science/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-91 tag-link-position-40" style="font-size: 8.50909090909pt;" aria-label="science (36 items)">science</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/students/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-533 tag-link-position-41" style="font-size: 8.12727272727pt;" aria-label="students (34 items)">students</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/technology/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-93 tag-link-position-42" style="font-size: 8.12727272727pt;" aria-label="technology (34 items)">technology</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/thorndike/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-483 tag-link-position-43" style="font-size: 11.1818181818pt;" aria-label="thorndike (59 items)">thorndike</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/thorndike-press/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-341 tag-link-position-44" style="font-size: 15.3818181818pt;" aria-label="Thorndike Press (128 items)">Thorndike Press</a> <a href="https://blog.gale.com/tag/updates/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-2773 tag-link-position-45" style="font-size: 9.78181818182pt;" aria-label="Updates (46 items)">Updates</a></div> </aside><aside id="categories-8" class="widget inner-padding widget_categories"><h2 class="widget-title">Categories</h2> <ul> <li class="cat-item cat-item-4"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/academic/">Academic</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-4955"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/digital-humanities/">Digital Humanities</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-8"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/events/">Events</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-3"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/featured/">Featured</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-5"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/public/">Public</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-6"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/schools/">Schools</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-5847"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/special/">Special</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-3965"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/thorndike-press/">Thorndike Press</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-7"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/updates/">Updates</a> </li> </ul> </aside><aside id="archives-7" class="widget inner-padding widget_archive"><h2 class="widget-title">Archives</h2> <label class="screen-reader-text" for="archives-dropdown-7">Archives</label> <select id="archives-dropdown-7" name="archive-dropdown"> <option value="">Select Month</option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2024/12/'> December 2024 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2024/11/'> November 2024 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2024/10/'> October 2024 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2024/09/'> September 2024 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2024/08/'> August 2024 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2024/07/'> July 2024 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2024/06/'> June 2024 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2024/05/'> May 2024 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2024/04/'> April 2024 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2024/03/'> March 2024 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2024/02/'> February 2024 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2024/01/'> January 2024 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2023/12/'> December 2023 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2023/11/'> November 2023 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2023/10/'> October 2023 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2023/09/'> September 2023 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2023/08/'> August 2023 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2023/07/'> July 2023 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2023/06/'> June 2023 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2023/05/'> May 2023 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2023/04/'> April 2023 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2023/03/'> March 2023 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2023/02/'> February 2023 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2023/01/'> January 2023 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2022/12/'> December 2022 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2022/11/'> November 2022 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2022/10/'> October 2022 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2022/09/'> September 2022 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2022/08/'> August 2022 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2022/07/'> July 2022 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2022/06/'> June 2022 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2022/05/'> May 2022 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2022/04/'> April 2022 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2022/03/'> March 2022 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2022/02/'> February 2022 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2022/01/'> January 2022 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2021/12/'> December 2021 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2021/11/'> November 2021 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2021/10/'> October 2021 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2021/09/'> September 2021 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2021/08/'> August 2021 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2021/07/'> July 2021 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2021/06/'> June 2021 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2021/05/'> May 2021 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2021/04/'> April 2021 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2021/03/'> March 2021 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2021/02/'> February 2021 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2021/01/'> January 2021 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2020/12/'> December 2020 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2020/11/'> November 2020 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2020/10/'> October 2020 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2020/09/'> September 2020 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2020/08/'> August 2020 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2020/07/'> July 2020 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2020/06/'> June 2020 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2020/05/'> May 2020 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2020/04/'> April 2020 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2020/03/'> March 2020 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2020/02/'> February 2020 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2020/01/'> January 2020 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2019/12/'> December 2019 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2019/11/'> November 2019 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2019/10/'> October 2019 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2019/09/'> September 2019 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2019/08/'> August 2019 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2019/07/'> July 2019 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2019/06/'> June 2019 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2019/05/'> May 2019 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2019/04/'> April 2019 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2019/03/'> March 2019 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2019/02/'> February 2019 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2019/01/'> January 2019 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2018/12/'> December 2018 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2018/11/'> November 2018 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2018/10/'> October 2018 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2018/09/'> September 2018 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2018/08/'> August 2018 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2018/07/'> July 2018 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2018/06/'> June 2018 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2018/05/'> May 2018 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2018/04/'> April 2018 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2018/03/'> March 2018 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2018/02/'> February 2018 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2018/01/'> January 2018 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2017/12/'> December 2017 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2017/11/'> November 2017 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2017/10/'> October 2017 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2017/09/'> September 2017 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2017/08/'> August 2017 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2017/07/'> July 2017 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2017/06/'> June 2017 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2017/05/'> May 2017 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2017/04/'> April 2017 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2017/03/'> March 2017 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2017/02/'> February 2017 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2017/01/'> January 2017 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2016/12/'> December 2016 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2016/11/'> November 2016 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2016/10/'> October 2016 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2016/09/'> September 2016 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2016/08/'> August 2016 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2016/07/'> July 2016 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2016/06/'> June 2016 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2016/05/'> May 2016 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2016/04/'> April 2016 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2016/03/'> March 2016 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2016/02/'> February 2016 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2016/01/'> January 2016 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2015/12/'> December 2015 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2015/11/'> November 2015 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2015/10/'> October 2015 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2015/09/'> September 2015 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2015/08/'> August 2015 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2015/07/'> July 2015 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2015/06/'> June 2015 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2015/05/'> May 2015 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2015/04/'> April 2015 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2015/03/'> March 2015 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2015/02/'> February 2015 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2015/01/'> January 2015 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2014/12/'> December 2014 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2014/11/'> November 2014 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2014/10/'> October 2014 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2014/09/'> September 2014 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2014/08/'> August 2014 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2014/07/'> July 2014 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2014/06/'> June 2014 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2014/05/'> May 2014 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2014/04/'> April 2014 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2014/03/'> March 2014 </option> <option value='https://blog.gale.com/2014/02/'> February 2014 </option> </select> <script> (function() { var dropdown = document.getElementById( "archives-dropdown-7" ); function onSelectChange() { if ( dropdown.options[ dropdown.selectedIndex ].value !== '' ) { document.location.href = this.options[ this.selectedIndex ].value; } } dropdown.onchange = onSelectChange; })(); </script> </aside> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site-footer"> <div id="footer-widgets" class="site footer-widgets"> <div class="footer-widgets-container grid-container grid-parent"> <div class="inside-footer-widgets"> <div class="footer-widget-1 grid-parent grid-33 tablet-grid-50 mobile-grid-100"> <aside id="text-15" class="widget inner-padding widget_text"><h2 class="widget-title">Gale</h2> <div class="textwidget"><p>Learn more about us:<br /> <a href="http://www.gale.com">Gale.com</a><br /> <a href="http://www.gale.com/about">About Gale</a></p> <p>Learn about our markets:<br /> <a href="http://www.gale.com/academic">Academic</a><br /> <a href="http://www.gale.com/schools">Schools</a><br /> <a href="http://www.gale.com/public">Public</a><br /> <a href="http://gale.com/special">Government &amp; Special</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.cengage.com/privacy/">Privacy Policy</a></p> </div> </aside> </div> <div class="footer-widget-2 grid-parent grid-33 tablet-grid-50 mobile-grid-100"> <aside id="categories-7" class="widget inner-padding widget_categories"><h2 class="widget-title">Blog Post Categories</h2> <ul> <li class="cat-item cat-item-4"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/academic/">Academic</a> (1,043) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-4955"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/digital-humanities/">Digital Humanities</a> (38) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-8"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/events/">Events</a> (12) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-3"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/featured/">Featured</a> (1,730) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-5"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/public/">Public</a> (1,536) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-6"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/schools/">Schools</a> (1,259) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-5847"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/special/">Special</a> (74) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-3965"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/thorndike-press/">Thorndike Press</a> (197) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-7"><a href="https://blog.gale.com/category/updates/">Updates</a> (351) </li> </ul> </aside> </div> <div class="footer-widget-3 grid-parent grid-33 tablet-grid-50 mobile-grid-100"> <aside id="search-3" class="widget inner-padding widget_search"><h2 class="widget-title">Search the Gale Blog</h2><form method="get" class="search-form" action="https://blog.gale.com/"> <label> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search &hellip;" value="" name="s" title="Search for:"> </label> <input type="submit" class="search-submit" value="Search"></form> </aside><aside id="wpcom_social_media_icons_widget-4" class="widget inner-padding widget_wpcom_social_media_icons_widget"><h2 class="widget-title">Social</h2><ul><li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/GaleCengage/" class="genericon genericon-facebook" target="_blank"><span class="screen-reader-text">View GaleCengage&#8217;s profile on Facebook</span></a></li><li><a href="https://twitter.com/GaleCengage/" class="genericon genericon-twitter" target="_blank"><span class="screen-reader-text">View GaleCengage&#8217;s profile on Twitter</span></a></li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/GaleCengage/" class="genericon genericon-youtube" target="_blank"><span class="screen-reader-text">View GaleCengage&#8217;s profile on YouTube</span></a></li><li><a href="https://plus.google.com/u/0/+GaleCengage/" class="genericon genericon-googleplus" target="_blank"><span class="screen-reader-text">View GaleCengage&#8217;s profile on Google+</span></a></li></ul></aside> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer class="site-info" aria-label="Site" itemtype="https://schema.org/WPFooter" itemscope> <div class="inside-site-info grid-container grid-parent"> <div class="copyright-bar"> Copyright &copy; 2024 Gale, part of Cengage Learning </div> </div> </footer> </div> <a title="Scroll back to top" aria-label="Scroll back to top" rel="nofollow" href="#" class="generate-back-to-top" data-scroll-speed="400" data-start-scroll="300"> </a><!-- analytics-counter google analytics tracking code --><script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-6554141-41', 'auto'); ga('set', 'anonymizeIp', true); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script><!-- --><!-- Twitter universal website tag code --> <script> !function(e,t,n,s,u,a){e.twq||(s=e.twq=function(){s.exe?s.exe.apply(s,arguments):s.queue.push(arguments); },s.version='1.1',s.queue=[],u=t.createElement(n),u.async=!0,u.src='//static.ads-twitter.com/uwt.js', a=t.getElementsByTagName(n)[0],a.parentNode.insertBefore(u,a))}(window,document,'script'); // Insert Twitter Pixel ID and Standard Event data below twq('init','nw169'); twq('track','PageView'); </script> <!-- End Twitter universal website tag code --><script id="generate-a11y">!function(){"use strict";if("querySelector"in document&&"addEventListener"in window){var e=document.body;e.addEventListener("mousedown",function(){e.classList.add("using-mouse")}),e.addEventListener("keydown",function(){e.classList.remove("using-mouse")})}}();</script><link rel='stylesheet' id='genericons-css' href='https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_inc/genericons/genericons/genericons.css?ver=3.1' media='all' /> <style id='core-block-supports-inline-css'> .wp-elements-b0e1f6b6a1ab1f5322f20bc475aabfcd a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:#dc4405;}.wp-elements-02799b7e77d7c3813ed5a200511e4471 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:#dc4405;}.wp-elements-aaba824c8d063173069b6bb5d21b4888 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:#dc4405;}.wp-elements-735eea2fc09f0fcb982519f3015dd274 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:#dc4405;}.wp-elements-079e5106733b2ff4f7dde4e858c44d59 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:#dc4405;}.wp-elements-f3a81ff76203cb26105db36e12f50bdd a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:#dc4405;}.wp-elements-8728db64a3eb8dfc4bd9275f0f7538e5 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:#dc4405;}.wp-elements-591b982333f2738c334675a58aded34a a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:#dc4405;}.wp-elements-e25b5db754a83bc1927ffd78ece0b459 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:#dc4405;}.wp-elements-f2680649d1e2bddc0de608ca421507c1 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:#dc4405;}.wp-elements-3616ca0e4cfd0f8d2d81975fe71008a5 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:#003865;}.wp-elements-854206b54d480e55efc0836174508d5a a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:#003865;} </style> <script src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/plugins/worth-the-read/js/wtr.js?ver=6.6.1" id="wtr-js-js"></script> <script src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/plugins/duracelltomi-google-tag-manager/dist/js/gtm4wp-form-move-tracker.js?ver=1.19" id="gtm4wp-form-move-tracker-js"></script> <!--[if lte IE 11]> <script src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/js/classList.min.js?ver=3.4.0" id="generate-classlist-js"></script> <![endif]--> <script id="generate-menu-js-extra"> var generatepressMenu = {"toggleOpenedSubMenus":"1","openSubMenuLabel":"Open Sub-Menu","closeSubMenuLabel":"Close Sub-Menu"}; </script> <script src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/js/menu.min.js?ver=3.4.0" id="generate-menu-js"></script> <script id="generate-back-to-top-js-extra"> var generatepressBackToTop = {"smooth":"1"}; </script> <script src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/themes/generatepress/assets/js/back-to-top.min.js?ver=3.4.0" id="generate-back-to-top-js"></script> <script src="https://blog.gale.com/wp-content/plugins/page-links-to/dist/new-tab.js?ver=3.3.5" id="page-links-to-js"></script> <script src='https://stats.wp.com/e-202449.js' defer></script> <script> _stq = window._stq || []; _stq.push([ 'view', {v:'ext',j:'1:9.4.3',blog:'64822524',post:'0',tz:'-5',srv:'blog.gale.com'} ]); _stq.push([ 'clickTrackerInit', '64822524', '0' ]); </script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10