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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html lang="en"><head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title>Web Technologies used by Britannica.com</title> <meta name="referrer" content="unsafe-url"> <meta name="description" content="Software stack used by the britannica.com website"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://w3techs.com/s45.css"> <body> <script type="text/javascript"> var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || []; _paq.push(['trackPageView']); _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); (function() { var u="https://m.q-success.com/"; _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'mtp']); _paq.push(['setSiteId', '2']); var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.type='text/javascript'; g.async=true; g.src=u+'mtj'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script> <noscript><p><img src="https://m.q-success.com/mtp?idsite=2&rec=1" style="border:0" alt=""></p></noscript> <div id=doc3> <div id=hd> <div id=hdl><a href="https://w3techs.com/"><img src="https://w3techs.com/logo1.gif" alt="W3Techs" width=150 height=50></a></div> <div id=hdc style="min-height:94px;height:auto;text-align:center"> <div class=banner><script>var _ama_pid=_ama_pid||Math.floor(Math.random()*2147483647);document.write('\x3Cscript src="https://b.w3techs.com/ajs/2/2/' + _ama_pid + '/' + encodeURIComponent(window.location) + '">\x3C/script>');</script></div><a class=no_und href="https://b.w3techs.com/">advertise here</a></div> <div id=hdr><b>provided by<br><a href="https://q-success.com/web_services">Q-Success</a></b></div> </div> <div id=mn> <a href="https://w3techs.com/">Home</a> <a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies">Technologies</a> <a href="https://w3techs.com/reports">Reports</a> <a href="https://w3techs.com/apidoc">API</a> <a href="https://w3techs.com/sites">Sites</a> <a href="https://w3techs.com/quality">Quality</a> <a href="https://w3techs.com/users">Users</a> <a href="https://w3techs.com/blog">Blog</a> <a href="https://w3techs.com/forum">Forum</a> <a href="https://w3techs.com/faq">FAQ</a> <a href="https://w3techs.com/search">Search</a> </div><div class=feat1><p>Featured products and services<a style="font-size:80%;font-weight:normal;position:absolute;right:1em;" href="https://b.w3techs.com/">advertise here</a></p><script>var _ama_pid=_ama_pid||Math.floor(Math.random()*2147483647);document.write('\x3Cscript src="https://b.w3techs.com/ajs/2/5/' + _ama_pid + '/' + encodeURIComponent(window.location) + '">\x3C/script>');</script></div><div id=bd><table class=tech><tr><td class=tech_sel> <div id=tech_sel> <br><br><br></div> </td><td class=tech_main> <div class=si_inp><form method=get action="https://w3techs.com/sitesinfo">lookup another site: <input type=text name=url size=24><input type=submit value="Site Info"><br>Get our <a href="https://w3techs.com/sites">site info tools</a> or use our <a href="https://w3techs.com/apidoc">site info API</a>.</form></div><h1 class=si>Site Info - Britannica.com</h1><p>Overview of web technologies used by Britannica.com.<p class=si_h>Website Background<div class=si_tech>Encyclopedia Britannica | Britannica<pre></pre>Explore the fact-checked online encyclopedia from Encyclopaedia Britannica with hundreds of thousands of objective articles, biographies, videos, and images from experts.</div><p class=si_bg>Description on Homepage<br clear=all><div class=si_tech>Top 10k among all websites</div><p class=si_bg>Popularity rank<br clear=all><br><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/content_management">Content Management Systems</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>WordPress is an open source blog publishing and content management system, based on PHP and MySQL.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/cm-wordpress">WordPress</a> 6.6.2<br><span class=si_hint>version 6.6.1 used until recently</span><br><span class=si_hint>33% of sites use a newer version</span><br><span class=si_hint>used on inner pages</span><br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Elementor is a WordPress-based website builder.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/cm-elementor">Elementor</a> <br><span class=si_hint>used on inner pages</span><br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/programming_language">Server-side Programming Languages</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>PHP is a scripting language for creating websites.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/pl-php">PHP</a> <br><span class=si_hint>used on inner pages</span><br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Java is a general-purpose language originally developed by Sun Microsystems.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/pl-java">Java</a> <br><span class=si_hint>used on inner pages</span><br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/client_side_language">Client-side Programming Language</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>JavaScript is a lightweight, object-oriented, cross-platform scripting language, often used within web pages.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/cp-javascript">JavaScript</a> <br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/javascript_library">JavaScript Libraries</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>jQuery is a JavaScript library that simplifies HTML document traversing, event handling, animating and Ajax interaction. Originally developed by John Resig.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/js-jquery">jQuery</a> 3.5.0<br><span class=si_hint>64% of sites use a newer version</span><br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>GSAP (GreenSock Animation Platform) is a JavaScript library for HTML5 animations.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/js-gsap">GSAP</a> 2.1.3<br><span class=si_hint>49% of sites use a newer version</span><br><span class=si_hint>used on inner pages</span><br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/web_server">Web Server</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Cloudflare Server is a web server developed by Cloudflare.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ws-cloudflare">Cloudflare Server</a> <br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/web_hosting">Web Hosting Provider</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Amazon is a US-based e-commerce and cloud computing provider.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ho-amazon">Amazon</a> <br clear=all><span style="display:block;text-align:right;color:#666;font-size:85%;padding-top:4px">hosting info partly based on data from <a href="https://ipinfo.io/" rel=nofollow>ipinfo.io</a></span><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/data_center">Data Center Provider</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Amazon is a US-based e-commerce and cloud computing provider.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/dc-amazon">Amazon</a> <br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/proxy">Reverse Proxy Service</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Cloudflare provides a content delivery network.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/cn-cloudflare">Cloudflare</a> <br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/dns_server">DNS Server Provider</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Amazon is a US-based e-commerce and cloud computing provider.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/dn-amazon">Amazon</a> <br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/ssl_certificate">SSL Certificate Authorities</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>GlobalSign is an IT security service provider, also operating as SSL certificate authority.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/sc-globalsign">GlobalSign</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>IdenTrust is a SSL certificate authority.</div><p class=si_tech><s><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/sc-identrust">IdenTrust</a> </s><br><span class=si_hint>used until recently</span><br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/content_delivery">JavaScript Content Delivery Network</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>The CDNJS is a content distribution network, hosting a large number of JavaScript libraries, provided by CloudFlare.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/cd-cdnjs">CDNJS</a> <br><span class=si_hint>used on inner pages</span><br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/traffic_analysis">Traffic Analysis Tools</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Google Analytics is a free service to get detailed statistics about the visitors of a website, provided by Google. This includes the Ads conversion tracking and the Floodlight services.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ta-googleanalytics">Google Analytics</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Cloudflare Web Analytics is a privacy-respecting website traffic analytics service.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ta-cloudflare">Cloudflare Web Analytics</a> <br><span class=si_hint>used on a subdomain</span><br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/advertising">Advertising Networks</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>The Google Advertising network consists of AdSense, DoubleClick and other services.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ad-google">Google Ads</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Amazon Associates is the affiliate program of Amazon.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ad-amazonassociates">Amazon Associates</a> <br><span class=si_hint>used on inner pages</span><br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Exponential offers several online advertising services: Tribal Fusion, FullTango, LeadGenuity and EchoTopic.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ad-exponential">Exponential</a> <br><span class=si_hint>used on a subdomain</span><br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/tag_manager">Tag Manager</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>The Google Tag Manager is a Google service to support webmasters to manage tags on their websites.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/tg-google">Google Tag Manager</a> <br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/social_widget">Social Widget</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>AddToAny is a social bookmarking and sharing service.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/so-addtoany">AddToAny</a> <br><span class=si_hint>used on inner pages</span><br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/site_element">Site Elements</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>External Cascading Style Sheets define style rules in a separate CSS file.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ce-externalcss">External CSS</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Embedded Cascading Style Sheets define a set of style rules in a <style> element within a web page.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ce-embeddedcss">Embedded CSS</a> <br><span class=si_hint>used on inner pages</span><br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Inline Cascading Style Sheets define style rules directly within an (X)HTML element using the style attribute.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ce-inlinecss">Inline CSS</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Session cookies are temporary cookies, which are deleted when the user closes the browser.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ce-sessioncookies">Session Cookies</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Persistent cookies with an expiration time of up to 1 day.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ce-persistentdaycookies">Cookies expiring in hours</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Persistent cookies with an expiration time between 1 day and 1 month.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ce-persistentmonthcookies">Cookies expiring in days</a> <br><span class=si_hint>used on inner pages</span><br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Persistent cookies with an expiration time between 1 and 10 years.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ce-persistentdecadecookies">Cookies expiring in years</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>HttpOnly cookies are used only in the HTTP protocol and not in client side scripts, which may increase security.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ce-httponlycookies">HttpOnly Cookies</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Non-HttpOnly cookies are used in the HTTP protocol and also in client side scripts, which may be a security threat.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ce-nonhttponlycookies">Non-HttpOnly Cookies</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Secure cookies are used only via an encrypted connections, which may increase security.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ce-securecookies">Secure Cookies</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Non-secure cookies may be used via an unencrypted connections, which may be a security threat.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ce-nonsecurecookies">Non-Secure Cookies</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Gzip (GNU zip) is a file compression algorithm.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ce-gzipcompression">Gzip Compression</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>HTTP/2 is the second major version of the HTTP network protocol.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ce-http2">HTTP/2</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>HTTP/3 is the third major version of the HTTP network protocol, derived from the QUIC protocol.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ce-http3">HTTP/3</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>The websites redirects visitors to its www subdomain, e.g. from example.com to www.example.com.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ce-wwwdefault">Default subdomain www</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>The websites redirects visitors to use SSL encryption, e.g. from http://example.com/ to https://example.com/.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ce-httpsdefault">Default protocol https</a> <br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/structured_data">Structured Data Formats</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>The Open Graph protocol, originally developed by Facebook, is an RDFa-based format that enables any web page to become a rich object in a social graph.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/da-opengraph">Open Graph</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Twitter Cards enable automatic attachment of photos, videos and media elements to Tweets.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/da-twittercards">Twitter Cards</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>JSON-LD (JavaScript Object Notation for Linked Data) is a method of encoding Linked Data using JSON.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/da-jsonld">JSON-LD</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Generic RDFa (Resource Description Framework in attributes) is RDFa without further specialization.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/da-genericrdfa">Generic RDFa</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Microdata is a specification to integrate metadata within existing content on web pages.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/da-microdata">Microdata</a> <br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/markup_language">Markup Languages</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>HTML5 is the fifth revision of the HTML standard.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ml-html5">HTML5</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Transitional version of XHTML.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ml-xhtml_transitional">XHTML Transitional</a> 1.0<br><span class=si_hint>used on a subdomain</span><br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/character_encoding">Character Encoding</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>UTF-8 (8-bit Unicode Transformation Format) is a variable-length character encoding for Unicode, which is backwards compatible with ASCII.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/en-utf8">UTF-8</a> <br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/image_format">Image File Formats</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>PNG (Portable Network Graphics) is a lossless compression image format, suitable to store graphics with uniformly colored areas, and originally introduced as a free, open-source successor of GIF.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/im-png">PNG</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) is a lossy compression method suitable to store photographic images.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/im-jpeg">JPEG</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is an XML-based vector image format.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/im-svg">SVG</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>WebP is an image format that provides lossless and lossy compression, developed by Google.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/im-webp">WebP</a> <br clear=all><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) is a lossless compression image format, originally introduced by CompuServe and suitable to store graphics, logos and simple animations.</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/im-gif">GIF</a> <br><span class=si_hint>used on inner pages</span><br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/top_level_domain">Top Level Domain</a></div><div class="si_tech si_tech_np"><p>Commercial entities</div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/tld-com-">.com</a> <br clear=all><div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/server_location">Server Location</a></div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/sl-us-">United States</a> <div class=si_h><p class=si_h><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/content_language">Content Language</a></div><p class=si_tech><a href="https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/cl-en-">English</a> <p class=si_h> <p> <br><h3>Share this page</h3><ul class="share-buttons"><script>document.write("<"+"li><"+"a href='mailto:?subject="+document.title+"&body="+document.title+" - https://w3techs.com/sites/info/britannica.com' title='Send email'><"+"img loading=lazy alt='Send email' src='https://w3techs.com/pictures/Email.svg' width=40 height=40><"+"/a>")</script><li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fw3techs.com%2Fsites%2Finfo%2Fbritannica.com&title=" title="Share on LinkedIn" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" onclick="window.open('https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fw3techs.com%2Fsites%2Finfo%2Fbritannica.com&title=' + encodeURIComponent(document.title) + '', '_blank', 'width=600,height=400'); return false;"><img loading=lazy alt="Share on LinkedIn" src="https://w3techs.com/pictures/LinkedIn.svg" width=40 height=40></a><li><a 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